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Title: An Introductorie for to Lerne to Read, To Pronounce, and to Speke French Trewly

Author: Anonymous

Release Date: June 8, 2009 [EBook #29068]

Language: English

Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1

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Produced by Greg Lindahl, Rénald Lévesque and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF/Gallica) at http://gallica.bnf.fr)

[NOTE DU TRANSCRIPTEUR:

Vu que ce livre n'est qu'une partie d'un ouvrage beaucoup plus important, nous avons cru bon de d�vier des normes PG et conserver la structure et num�rotation des pages. Ceci a pour but de faciliter la recherche des objets mentionn�s � l'index, au lexique et la table des mati�res. Les r�f�rences aux pages 1 � 890 ne pourront pas �tre trouv�es dans ce livre.]

Page 891

AN INTRODUCTORIE FOR TO LERNE TO REDE, TO PRONOUNCE AND TO SPEKE FRENCH TREWLY, COMPYLED FOR THE RIGHT HIGH, EXELLENT AND MOST VERTUOUS LADY THE LADY MARY OF ENGLANDE, DOUGHTER TO OUR MOST GRACIOUS SOVERAYN LORDE KYNG HENRY THE EIGHT.

Page 892

AVIS DE L'�DITEUR.

L'auteur de cette Grammaire ayant apport� un soin extr�me � marquer la prononciation p�r l'accent, on a d� s'attacher � reproduire scrupuleusement les accents du texte original.

Mais il faut savoir que Du Guez, par un syst�me particulier, emploie l'accent plac� sous la voyelle. Nous avons report� l'accent au-dessus, conform�ment � l'usage moderne.

Cette substitution a d'autant moins d'inconv�nient, que nulle part Du Guez n'emploie l'accent sup�rieur; par cons�quent, il n'y a point de confusion � craindre. C'est un tr�s-petit d�tail dont il suffit que le lecteur soit averti.

F. G.

Page 893

AN INTRODUCTORIE FOR TO LERNE TO REDE, TO PRONOUNCE AND TO SPEKE FRENCH TREWLY. FOR IMPLORATION OF GRACE.

[Sidenote: [written vertically] GILES DU WES]

Grace of God that I love so moche G race de Dieu que jayme tant

I your requier ryght humbly I e uous requier treshumblement

the gift of love without any further L e don damour sans plus auant

of it to make any refuce E n faire aulcun refusement

If ye do fynde in any wise S e uous trouu�s aulcunement

of me service, but in trouth D e moy seruice quen loyault�

I gyve you leve utterly U ous habandonne entierement

to wyll at all at your wyll U oulloir du tout a uoulent�

toward me to use of great rigour U ers moy user de grant rigeur

and me to banysshe from all good hap E t me bannir de tout bon heur

without more of me to have pite. S ans plus de moy auoir pit�.

Sola salus seruire Deo, sunt cetera fraudes.

Page 894

AN INTRODUCTORIE TO THE LADY MARY.

For the honour of Mary Pour lhonneur de Marye

God doughter to saynt Mary filleule a saynte Marye

virgin and mother Jesu Christ vierge et mere Jhesuh Crist

have these verses ben written. ont ces verse est� escripts.

MARIA.

glasse mesure shewynge mirouer mesure monstrant

lenyng lovynge fulfilled appuis amoureus assouuie

rose redde well smellyng rose rouge redolente

that can nat vade yonge jolie inmarcessible jeune jolie

amonge chosen exellente entre eslytes exellente

for ever more be ye blessyd. a tousjours mais soyez benye. Amen.

THE PROLOGUE.

How beit that I do nat, nat knowe how that many as well lerned in good Combien que ne ignore point que pluisieurs tant qualifi�z es bonnes

lettres as also well spoken in the frenche tonge (at the lest nat beyng lectres come aussy �l�gant en la langue francoise (au moins pour non estre

naturall and borne of the lande and countrey) have composed, and written rules and natur�l et natif du territoire et pais) ont compos�s et escripz r�gles et

principles for introduction in the sayd tonge the whiche par aventure, as principes pour introduction en la dicte langue les quelz peult estre, come

witnessed saint Hierome to Paulin, have tought before that they have ben tiesmoigne saint Hierome a Paulin, ont ensegn�s auant que auoir est�

conynge, for how beit that arte is folower of nature folowyng her right nygh, scauantz, car ja soit que art soit imitatrice de nature lensuiuant de bien pres,

Page 895

yet neuerthelesse can nat she ouertake her. Wherfore the sayd composytours sy ne la peult elle toutefois aconsuiuir. Pourquoy les ditz compilateurs

all togyder leanyng to the same ben by nature in sondrie places checked reproued du tout adherens � icelle sont par nature en diuers lieux cancell�s repris

and corrected. Shulde it nat seme a thynge selde and strange to se a Frenchman et corrig�z. Ne sembleroit ce point chose rare et estrange ueoir ung Francois

endeuoir and inforce himself to teche unto the Germayns the langage of Almaine: se ingerer et efforcer dapprendre aux Allemans la lange tyoise,

ye and that more over is, upon the same to compyle rules and principles, how beit uoire et qui plus est, sur icelle composer r�gles et principes, combien

that agaynst me and my reason some body myght say, that one que contre moy et ma rayson quelque ung pourroit dire que on

shulde fynde no body whiche shulde teche Hebreu, Greke, nor Laten, if it were nat laufull ne trouueroit ame qui ensegneroit Hebrieu, Grec, ne Latin, sil ne loisoit

to any body so to do but to him which shulde have it of nature: to whom I a auscun de ce faire sinon a celui qui laroit de nature: a quoy je

answere that it is another thyng to teche and instruct by the principles respons que cest aultre chose densegn�r et daprendre par les principes

and reules made by divers well expertz auctours, by great space and longe proces et r�gles faictz par diu�rs expertz aucteurs, par interualle et diuturnit�

of longe tyme well approved, than at the fyrst metyng and nat havyng a de long temps bien approuu�ez, que de premi�re abord�e et nauoir ung

language but meanely and as a thynge borowed to be wyllyng by and by langage que moienement et come par emprunt, en uoulloir cy pris cy mis,

nat only instructe the others, but also to compyle upon the same reules non seullement ensegn�r les aultres, mais aussy compos�r sur ce r�gles

certayne, the whiche doyng is nat graunted but unto ryght few of them whiche infallibles, ce que scauoir faire nest ottroie a bien peu de ceulz qui

ben borne of the sayd langage, for touchyng my self to whom the sayd sont mesme natif du dict langage, car touchant moy mesmes a qui la dicte

tonge is maternall or naturall, and whiche by the space of therty yeres langue est maternelle ou naturelle, et qui par lespase de trente ans

and more have besyed me how beit that I am ryght ignorant, to teche et plus me suis entremis (combien que soie tres ignorant) densegn�r

Page 896

and instruct many great princes and princesses, as to decessed of et apprendre pluisieurs grandz princes et princesses, comme a feu de

noble and recomended memory the prince Arthur, the noble kyng Henry noble et recommand�e memoire le prince Arthur, le noble roy Henry

for the present prosperously regnyng, to whom God gyve lyfe perpetuall: pour le present prospereusement regnant, a qui Dieu doint uie perpetuelle:

the quenes of France and Scotlande, with the noble marquis of Excestre, les roynes de France et dEscosse, auec le noble marquis dExcestre, etc.

for the whiche thynge to fulfyll I have done my power and dever to serche pour la quelle chose accomplir jay fait mon pouoir et debuoir de perscruter

and seke all that which hath semed me to this purpose te serve: I have nat nevertheless et cercher tout ce qui ma sembl� a ce propos seruir: sy nay je toutesfois

founde rules infallybles, bycause that it is nat possyble to fynde any peu trouv�r r�gles infalibles, pour ce quil nest possible de telles les

suche, that is to say, suche whiche may serve without any faulte, as do trouuer, cest a dire, telles que puissent seruir infalliblement, comme font

the rules compiled for to lerne Laten, Greke and Hebreu and other suche les r�gles compos�ez pour apprendre Latin, Grec et Hebrieu et autres telz

languages: the whiche nevertheless the sayd compilatours have overtaken, langages: ce que neantmoins les ditz compilateurs ont entrepris

te the ende that I ne say presumed to do, how beit they have nat ben but lytell (affin que ne die presum�s) de faire, ja soit quilz naient est� que petit de

tyme to lerne it, but now beit so that suche rules and techyng ben temps a laprendre, mais or soit ainsy que telz r�gles et ensegnementz soient

sufficient and farre above my workes, by cause nevertheless that tressuffisans et loing par desus mes oeuures, pour ce toutes fois que

now natwithstandyng myn ignorancy, I am agayne by my most redoubted maintenant (nonobstant mon ignorance) suis derechief (par mon tres redoubt�

lorde and prince the kynge above named, ordayned to administre myn accustomed seigneur et prince le roy dessus nomm�) ordonn� dadministrer mon accoustum�

poore and unworthy servyce to most illustre, ryght exellente and ryght poure et indigne seruice a tres illustre, tres exellente et tres

vertuouse lady my lady Mary of Englande his ryght entierly well beloved uertueuse dame ma dame Mary dEngleterre sa tres entierement bien aym�e

Page 897

doughter, the whiche right specially and straytly hath me commanded and fille, laquelle tres esp�cialement et estroitement ma comand� et

encharged to reduce and to put by writtynge the maner how I have proceded encharg� de reduire et mectre par escript la maniere coment jay proc�d�

towarde her sayd progenitours and predecessours, as that same also by the which enuers ses dictz progeniteurs et predecesseurs, come celle aussy par la quelle

I have her so so taught, and do teche dayly whiche to refuse, je lay tellement quellement instruit, et instruis journellement, ce que refuser

nat withstandynge the reasons above sayd alleged, I durst nat, nor wolde nat (nonobstant les raisons dessus dictes allegu�e) noseroie ne uouldroie,

how beit that I am ryght well assured to merite more for and by cause of myn combien que soie tres asseur� de plus meriter pour et cause de mon

obedience than by any seruice or sacrifyce that to her I may do, fulfyllyng obedience que par aulcun seruice ou sacrifice que luy puisse prest�r, accomplissant

her most noble and gracious comandement, gratious say I, by cause son tresnoble et gracieux comandement, gracieus dis je, pour ce

that her beniuolence and good wyll is to proffite to others as to que sa beniuolence et bon uoulloir est de prouffiter aux aultres come a

herselfe, wherfore I supplie and require all reders the causes and reasons elle mesme, pourquoi je suplie et requier tous lecteurs les causes et raisons

aboue sayd contempled and consydered to have me for to be excused, and ther dessus dictes contempl�ez et consider�ez mauoir pour excus�, et la

where they shall se the good Homer have ben aslepe to be wyllyng by good maner o� ilz verront le bon Hom�re auoir dormy le uoulloir par bonne maniere

to wake him, in correctyng the fautes in the whiche by cause of the same he is esueiller en corrigeant les faultes esquelles a cause de ce il est

fallin, the whiche doyng they shall deserve nat only to be lauded and praysed, encouru, ce que faisantz ilz m�riteront nonseullement destre lou�s et pris�s,

but also in theyr workes and operations taxed and estimed of maner mais aussy en leurs euures et operations tax�s et estim�s de maniere

lyke, and to the same answeryng. reciprocque et corespondent.

ENDE OF THE PROLOGUE.

Page 898

HERE AFTER FOLOWETH THE TABLE OF THIS PRESENT TREATYSE.

This lytle worke shalbe devided in two bokes, wherof the fyrst shal have two partes.

In the fyrst part shalbe treated of rules, that is redyng frenche, and what letters shall be lefte unbesounde, and the cause therof.

The seconde parte shalbe of nownes, pronownes, adverbes, participles, with verbes, prepositions, and conjunctions.

Also certayne rules for conjugations.

Item fyve or six maners of conjugations with one verbe.

Item conjugations with two pronownes and with thre and fynally combining or joinyng II verbes togeder.

The second boke shall be of lettres missyves in prose and in ryme.

Also diuerse comunications by way of dialoges, to receyve a messager from the emperour, the frenche kynge, or any other prince.

Also other comunications of the propriete of mete, of love, of peas, of warres, of the exposicion of the masse, and what mannes soule is, with the division of tyme, and other conseites.

FINIS.

A PROLOGUE FOR AN INTRODUCTORY.

The thynges that directely expressed maye nat be ought to be declared Les choses qui a droit exprimer ne se peuuent doibuent estre declareez

by syncopation of sylence, by cause that by sylence one doth answer to many par sincopacion taciturne, pour ce que par silence on respond a pluisieurs

thynges. Syncopation is none other thyng but abreviation of length, and prolixite choses. Sincopation nest aultre chose quabreuiacion de prolixite, et prolixite

is superfluitie of wordes in declarying a thyng. Wherfore in all est superfluite de paroles en declarant une chose. Pourquoy en toutes

workes one ought to be shorte. We shall begynne this boke than in the name oeuures on doibt estre brief. Nous commencerons ce liure doncques ou nom

of God all mighty and shall ende it with the helpe of hym, procedyng by the de Dieu tout puissant et lacheuerons a laide diceluy, procedant par le

counsayle of Orace, whiche is as shorte as possible shalbe. conseil dOrace, qui est le plus brief que possible sera.

Page 899

HERE FOLOWETH THE FYRST BOKE OF SEVYN RULES FOR TO REDE AND TO PRONOUNCE FRENCHE TREWLY.

THE FYRST is howe the fyve vowels, that is to saye a, e, i, o, and v, shalbe sounded in redyng french.

Ye shal pronounce your a, as wyde open mouthed as ye can; your e, as ye do in latyn, almost as brode as ye pronounce your a in englysshe; your i, as sharpe as can be; o, as ye do in englyssh, and v after the Skottes, as in this worde gud. These fyve uowels be consonantes when they receyve nat their full sounde, as in this worde jamais the fyrst a is a uowell, and the seconde is a consonant.

Example of e, as d�it� and magest�, where bothe ees of deite be uowels, and the fyrst of magest� is a consonant and the seconde is a uowell. Wherfore ye shall understande that the moste parte of ees in french be consonantes, save fewe with suche wordes as come out of latyn. Example of me, the, hym, that, of, the, do, to say, to put, oure, your,

consonantes me, te, se, que, de, le, faire, dire, mectre, nostre, vostre,

wher is never a uowel. All the ees that shalbe uowels in this present boke shalbe marked as the dyptong is in latyn, thus �.

THE SECONDE RULE.

Also in redyng frenche ye shall leave the last letter of every worde unsounde, endyng in s, t, and p, save of the same worde wherupon ye do pause or rest, for if ye do pronounce every worde by hymselfe, that is to say, restyng upon the same, ye ought for to pronounce and sounde him thorowe. And if any word endyng with an s, have the next worde folowyng begynning with a uowell, than shall ye sounde the said s, lyke a z,

never others

as in these wordes jamais aultres ye shal rede jamaiz aultre, as it were but one worde, but if the next worde commyng after the s be a consonant, than shall the said s remayne unsounde, as in these wordes jamais nar�s, (never shall ye have) the s of jamais shall nat be sounde. Provyded alwayes, as is sayde before, that ye do nat pause nor rest upon the worde, for so doyng ye must sounde it parfitely.

THE THYRDE RULE.

Whan one worde doth ende with a uowell, and the next folowyng after

Page 900

begyn with another, than the fyrste shalbe unsounde, as in these wordes, but in you I me have I the have I him have que en uous, ye shall rede quen uous, and je me ay, je te ay, je le ay, ye shall rede je may, je tay, je lay, and so of all suche lyke, excepte some wordes whiche be nat used in Fraunce, as tu as, thou hast. Where bothe uowels must be sounde, howbeit the Picardes sounde it after the sayd rule, sayeng tas for tu as, tes for tu es, thou arte. And if ye fynde two ees endynge and begynnynge a worde, ye shall leave the tone, as in these it is with the well wordes, il te est bien, ye shall rede il test bien. And of e, and a, as in these wordes que a, but te, ye shall rede qua. Of e, and o, as in these wordes, que on, but one, ye shal rede quon. Of a and o, as in these wordes, pourra on, may one, ye shall rede pourran. And in lyke maner of all other of that termynation.

THE FOURTH RULE.

An s, in the begynnynge of a worde hath his full sounde, as dothe wyse wylde appere by these wordes folowyng, sage, sauuage, sapient, etc. but in the myddes beynge eyther before a consonant or a uowell, shall be sounded I sayde I dyd I brake I holde peace. lyke a z, as in these wordes disoie, faisoie, brisoie, taisoie, etc.

THE FYFTH RULE.

Whan st dothe come togider in a worde hauing a uowell before it, than the sayde s shall remayne unsounde, but it shall encreace the sounde of to wast to taste to haste, the sayde uowell, as in these wordes gaster, taster, haster, ye shall rede gaater, taater, haater.

myne hoste come agayne anone And mon hoste reuenes tantost: ye shall rede mon hoote reuenes tantoot: ye shall nevertheles except al those that be nyghe the to protest to shewe latyn, as protester, manifester, contester, to withstande: and suche lyke, whiche must have the sayd s, well and parfitly sounded and pronounced, for it is nat possyble to fynde a rule so generall and infallible to serue for euery worde as was said aboue in the prologue.

THE SIXT RULE.

There is in french dyuers wordes, whiche for denotation or signifycation

Page 901

of plurarite dothe ende with an s, or with a z, for without he same they be synguler nombre, as these wordes and such lyke worde fyste write a lefe mot, puing, escript, feullet, whiche be all synguler nombres: and if ye do adde a z, at the latter ende of them, than are they plurell nombres, as motz, puingz, escriptz, feulletz: and than shall ye nat sounde the letter before the sayd z, redynge mos, puins, feull�s. And lyke wise whan a worde hath a p, or b, in the myddes endyng the syllable, ye shall leaue them unsounde, as in these wordes and

dewtie dette to write suche lyke, debuoir, debte, escripre: ye shal rede deuoir, det, escrire. But whan they do begyn the worde or the syllable, than shall they be pronounced, putte away debated to breke as these wordes, deboute, debatu, debriser, etc.

THE SEVENTH RULE.

There is two maner of wordes harde for to be pronounced in french. The fyrst is written with a double ll whiche must be souned togider, as lla, lle, lly, llo, llu, as in these wordes, gave cutte gader lefe bayly fayle bailla, tailla, ceulle, feulle, bally, fally,

white knele a tymer hamer full of leaves moullet, engenoullet, mallot, feullu, houllu.

The seconde maner harde to pronounce ben written with gn, before a uowell, as gna, gne, gni, gno, gnu. As in these wordes wan dyd blede lyne combe vyne scabbe felowe gagna, saigna, ligne, pigne, uigne, tigne, compagne,

swell wanton wanton laigne, mignon, mignarde,

ye shal except many wordes that be so written and nat so pronounced, endyng specially in e, as worthy swanne hyghe corage digne, cigne, magnanime, etc. They that can pronounce these wordes in latyn after the Italians maner, as (agnus, dignus, magnus, magnanimus) have bothe the understandyng and the pronouncynge of the sayde rule and of the wordes. Ye shall fynde many suche among the nownes, uerbes, and adverbes that herafter be folowynge, the whiche shall have the double l, thus written ll, besyde the word and gn, besyde the tother.

THE NAMES OF MEMBRES LONGYNG TO MANNES BODY ASWELL INWARDE AS OUT WARDE.

the heed or chyfe le chief

the scoull la teste

the heeres les cheueulz

Page 902

womens heares les tresches

the busshe la cheuelure

the perwyke la perrucque

the heares ll. la cheuechalle

the forhed le front

the temples les temples

the browes les sourcilz

the visage le visage

the berde la barbe

the face le viaire

the face la face

the eye or eyes loeul

the eyes les yeux

the lydde la paulpiere

the lyddes les paulpieres

the ball of the eye la pupille

the nose le naes

the nose thrilles ll. les narilles

the chekes les joes

the nether chekes les bajoes

the eare loreille

the eares les oreilles

the mowth la bouce

beastes mowthe la geule

the lyppes les leures

the tonge la langue

the rouf of the mowth le palais

or ou palet

the teeth les dentz

the gommes les genciues

the jaws les machoires

the inward jawes les mandibulles

the chynne le menton

the throte bo?te le gosier

the gorge la gargate

the gorge la gorge

the necke le col

the knot of the neck le neu du col

the hole of the necke la fosse du col

the kenel of the necke la canol du col

the sholder lespaule

the armes les bras

the elbowe la coude

the elbowes les coudes

the fyste le puing

the fystes les puingz

the hande la main

the handes les mains

the bat of the hande le dos de la main

the balle of the hande la paulme

the balles les paulmes

the finger le doigt

the fingers les doigz

the thombe le poulce

the thombes les poulces

the jointe la joincte

the joyntes les joinctes

Page 903

the naile longle

the nayles les ongles

the brest la poictrine

the forke of the brest la fourcelle

the breste la mamelle

the brestes les mamelles

the body le corps

the wast le fauz du corpz

the holes under the armes les esselles

the bely le uentre

the nauyl le nombril

the backe le dos

the chyne leschine

the rayns les rains

the buttockes les fesses

the buttocke la fesse

the hippe la hanche

the hippes les hanches

the grynes les ames

the nether beerde la penilliere

the thighe la cuisse

the thighes les cuisses

the knee le genouil

the knees les genoulz

the hamme le jaret

the hammes les jaretz

the legge la jambe

the legges les jambes

the chyne boone la greue

or the backe of ou le dos de

the calfe of the legge le pomeau

the ancle ll. la cheuille

the ancles ll. les cheuilles

the hele le talon

the foote le pied

the feetes les piedz

the back of the foote le dos du pied

the soole la plante

the sooles les plantes

the great too le graunt orteil

the toes les orteilz

THE INWARD MEMBRES.

the braine le cerueau

the hering louye

the sight la ueue

the smellyng lolfact

the smellyng le flairer

the taste le goust

the telynge le taste

the chawyng le macer

the swalowyng lauailer

the hert le ceur

the stomake lestomac

the galle le feil

the leuer le foie

the lyver le gisier

Page 904

the longe le poulmo

the mylte lesplene

or the mylte ou la rate

or mylte ou ratelle

the bledder la uessie

the kydneys gn. les rognons

the uryne lurine

the guttes les boiaulz

the small guttes les intestins

thinward part of the bely ll. les entrailles

the gader la coree

the blode le sang

the coller la colere

the melancoly la melencolie

the fleame le flegme

the senewes les nerfz

the ueynes les uaines

the ueynes of the puls les arteres

the pulse le pulse

the rybbes les costes

the bones les os

the brethe lalaine

the spyttell la saliue

the spyttyng le crachat

OTHER NAMES BEYNG IN MAN.

the soule lame

the spyrite lesperit

the wytte le sens

the wyll le uoullior

the wyll la uoullente

the rayson la raison

the memory la memoire

the understandyng lentendement

the thought la pens�e

the ymagination limagination

the jugement le jugement

the opynyon lopinion

the stomake le courage

the hardynesse la hardiesse

the cowardnesse la couardise

feblenesse of corage la lachet�

the feare la peur

the truthe la uerit�

the leasyng le mensonge

the drede la crainte

the ferefulnesse lespouantement

the strength la force

the feblenesse la foiblesse

the mansuetude la debonairet�

the angrefull disposition la felonie

the malyce la malice

the cruelnesse la cruault�

the goodnesse la bont�

the frowardnesse la mauuaist�

the peace la paix

the rest le repos

the trouble le trouble

Page 905

the labour ll. le trauaill

the stedfastnesse la constance

the unstedfastnesse la uariablet�

the hatered la hayne

the frendship lamiti�

the joye la joye

the sorowe la tristesse

the heuynesse lennuy

the rejoysyng le rejouissement

the angre le corous

the sporte lesbatement

the wrath lire

the pacyence la pacience

the pride lorgeul

the mekenesse lhumilit�

the envy lenuie

the charyte la charit�

the dilygence la deligence

the lytell corage la pusillanimit�

the glotony la glotonnie

the sobernesse la sobriet�

lechery luxure

the chastyte la chastet�

coueytyse conuoitise

lyberalytie liberalit�

auaryce auarice

waste prodigalit�

to go about rychesse ambicion

wylfull pouertie uoluntaire pouret�

boostyng la uantance

presumptuous larrogance

the truthe in lyueng la preudomie

the falsehed la faulcet�

the lyfe la uie

the dethe la mort

the youthe la jeunesse

the age ll. la uiellesse

the ignorauncy lignoraunce

the wysdome la sagesse

the byrth la neissance

the chyldhode lenfance

the feblenesse la debilit�

the manhood la uirilit�

the foulenesse la turpitude

the honeste lhonnestet�

the insolency linsolence

the stablenes la fermet�

the bondage la seruitude

the fredome la libert�

the honoure lhonneur

the shame la honte

the rychesse la richesse

the nedynes la pouret�

the sikenes la maladie

the helth la sant�

the pourete lindigence

the plente la plent�

Page 906

the plenty labondance

the nigardnes la chicet�

the rudenes la rudesse

the swyftness la promptitude

the inclynation la propension

facyle inclynation la procliuit�

the desyre to slepe lassoupissement

the quyckenesse la uiuacit�

the graunt lottroy

the denyeng le deniement

the heate la challeur

the coldnesse la froydure

the drynesse la seicheur

the moystnesse lhumidit�

the laughyng le rire

the wepyng le plourer

the complaynyng le playndre

the lamentyng le lamenter

the yexyng le sanglouter

the neesyng lesternuer

the snowring le ronfler

the syghynges le souperer

syghes soupirs

the yexynges les sanglous

the spyttyng le cracher

to blowe the nose le mouch�r

the slepynge le dormir

the watchyng le ueillier

the slepe le sompne

the dreamyng le songer

the drinkyng le boire

the eatynge le menger

the sacyate le saoul

the hungry le familleus

THE NAMES OF WOMENS REMENTES.

the smocke le chemisse

the coler le colet

the sleves les manches

the gussettes le goucerons

the surfyls les ourletz

the seames les coustures

the kyrtell le corset

the krytell la cottelette

the petycote la cotte simple

the gowne la robbe

the placharde le placart

the cuffes les bonbardes

the purfyll la bordure

the lynynge la doublure

the furre la fourrure

the under gyrdell le demy chaint

the gyrdell la chainture

the purse la bourse

the pyncase lespinceau

or the case for pynnes ou lespinglier

the heed atayre lattour

the frenche hode le chapperon a plis

Page 907

the bonette le bonnet

the crispynes les crespines

the frontler of velvet ll. les beatilles

the templettes les templettes

the partelet le gorgias

the necke kerchef la colerette

the kercher le ceuurechief

the partelet le colet

the partelet le colier

the bracel le bracelet

the tache lesgrappe

the ringes les aneaulz

the owche la bague

to close the necke kercher ll. le fermall

a broche lafficque

an image limage

the gabardine la gauardine

the tipet la cornette

the cloke le manteau

the bone grace le moufflet

the knyves les coutteaus

the beedes les patenostres

the hande kercher lesmouchail

the hande kercher ou mouchoir

the lace le lacz

the small lace le lacet

the combe le pigne

the lye la lessiue

the gloves les gantz

the tymble le does

the nydel ll. lesguille

the pynnes les espingles

the brusshe to swepe les espoussettes, la uerge a esterdre

the hooses les chausses

the garters les jartiers

the pynson showes les eschapins

the showes les soli�s

the buskyns les brousequins

the slyppars les pantouffles

the sheres les forces

the small sheres ou forcettes

MENS REMENT.

the sherte la chemisse

the doublet le pourpoint

the coote le seon or say

the jacquete la jacquete

the jacquete le hecqueton

the hat le chapiau

lappe of man la tocque

the cappe le bonnet

the hoode le chaperon

the gyrdel la chainture

the sworde lespee

Page 908

the spanische sworde la rapiere

the dagar la dague

the bagge la gibessiere

the purse la louiere

the purse laulmoniere

the bootes les botes

the bootes les houseaus

the spores les esperons

the shylde lescu

the paueys la parme

a great buccler la taloche

the buccler le bouclier

the camell le camiau

the drommadary le dromadaire

the asse lasne

the horse le cheual

and all beestes et touttes bestes

bearyng sadyls portant selles

or fardels ou fardeau

or packes ou uoiture

have nede ont mestier

of packe sadyls or of de batz ou de

saddyls, the whiche selles, les quelles

have a pomell a pommeau

backe and boweth dos et archons

sursyngles soursangles

and pannels et paneaus

than the heed-stall, puis la testierre

reyne, and resne, et

byttes, make the mors, font la

bridell bride

the petrell le poitral

the gyrthes les sengles

the styroppes les estries

the styrop ledders les estriuieres

the crouper la croupiere

the buckeles les boucles

and the nayles et les clous

that one can nat quon ne peult

make nor forge faire ne forger

without the anuyle sans lenclume

the fyle the la lime, le

hammer marteau

the pyncettes ll. les tenailles

the coles les charbons

with the fyre auec le feu

ayre, water, and aire, eaue et

erthe, with the terre, auec le

smyth marechall

or locker ou serrurier

THE CHAMBRE.

the bedde le lict

the bolster le trauersin

or the bolster ou le chauet

the pyllowes ll. les oreilliers

the blankettes les blanchetz

the shetes les linceulz

Page 909

the couerlette le couuertior

the sparuer le ciel

the sparuer ll. le pauillon

the curtyns les courtines

the hangyng la tapisserie

the carpettes les tapis uelus

the quyishens les carriaus

all one les coissins

the bedde portatyve le lict de camp

the bedstede le chalict

the borde la table

the trestels les tresteaus

the forme le banc

the chayres les chaieres

the stools les escabelles

the forte stoole le marce pied

the table cloth la nape

the napkyns les seruiettes

the salt le sel

the salt saler la saliere

the chafyng dysshe la chauffette

the trenchers les trenchoirs

the platters les platz

the spones les cuillieres

the dysshes les escuelles

the sawcers les saussiers

the bred le pain

the fleshe la cher

the butter le beurre

the chese le fromage

the egges les oeufz

the whyte wyn le uin blanc

the claret le claret

the rede darke ll. le uermeill

the wyne red le uin rouge

ypocras ypocras

the waffers les oubliez

the succades la succad

the confittes la dragerie

the confections les confitures

the coup borde le buffet

the pottes les potz

the flagons les flagons

the couppes les couppes

the boles les tasses

a genial name for cuppes les hanapz

the gobbelettes les gobeletz

the glasses les uoires

and the water et leau

for to washe them pour les rincer

the bacin le bacin

the ewer lesguiere

THE KECHIN.

the mayster coke le sommelier

the yoman coke les cuisinies

gromes of the kechin uarletz de cuisin

turne broches les galopins

Page 910

the pannes les poelles

the caudrons les chaudrons

the spyttes les hastiez

the spyttes les broches

the morters les mortiers

the pestels les pestiaus

the serces les tamis

the stamels les estamines

the instrument for to larde le lardeur

the bacon le lard

the mustarde la moustarde

the grene sauce la sausse uerde

the gambon le jambon

the befe le beuf

the bull le tor

the cowe la uache

the calfe, vele le ueau

the mutton le mouton

the sholder lespoule

the gygot, a brest le gigot

the necks le colet

the trotters les trottins

the lambe gn. lagneau

the heed la teste

the gader or nombles la couree

the skynne la piau

the ramme le belin

the ewe la brebis

the he gotte le bouc

the she gotte la chieuure

the swyne or hogge le pourceau

the boore le uerrart

the boore le uer

the wylde boore le senglier

the sowe la truye

the pygge le cochon

HAUKES OF PRAY SYXTENE KYNDES.

the egle laigle

gerfaucon gerfau

the tercell gerk

sacres sacres

the tercell sacretz

falcons faulcons

the tercell tierceletz

lenners lainers

lanerettes laneretz

meryllons ll. esmerillons

hobbeys hobriaus

goshaukes austours

tercels tierceletz

uperhaukes esparuiers

muskettes mouchetz

crystrels cretreulles

the thrusshe mauluis

Page 911

the cocowe coucou

cocowe cocou

glede mellans

puttockes escoufles

the blewe kyte faulz perdrier

bussardes busartz

bruhiers bruhiers

greater than the egle uoultoires

the ducke oule le duc chahuan

the oule le chahuan

the lytell oule la chouette

the ravyn le corbiau

the crowe la cornaille

the highwale lespec

the unthatche le picmars

the dawe le canne

the pye la pie

the pye lagace

the jaye le jay

the henne la poulle

the henne le geline

the chekyns les poucins

the cocke le coc

the capon le chappon

the partryche la perdris

the yong partryches les pertriaus

the fesaunt le faisant

the dove le coulomb

the rynged dove le ramier

the stocke dove le creuset

the turtle dove la tourtrelle

the pygions les pigeons

the cormorande le cormorain

the wodcocke la becasse

the quayle la quaille

the larke lalouette

the plouuer le pluuier

the lapwyng le uaniau

the crane la grue

the bustarde lautarde

the pecoke le paon

the swanne le signe

the goose louoye

wylde souuage

tame domenche

the barnacle le barnacle

the gander le jar

the goslynges les oisons

the heyron le heron

the shoveler le trublet

theggret laigret

the byttour le buto

the storke la cigoin

the malarde le malard

the malarde le canart

the ducke la canne

the ducke lanette

Page 912

the ducklyns les annetons

the coote la joudelle

the coote la blarie

the teyle le cercelle

the starlyng lestourneau

the star lesprohon

the felde fare la griue

the osyll le merle

the sparowe le passereau

the sparowe le moisson

the fynche le pinchon

the blewe back and redbrest la pioue

the wagtayle la bergieronnet

the wagtayle le hochecul

the grene fynche le frion

the grene fynche la verdiere

the gold fynche la cardinotte

the lynnnet la linotte

the coldmouse la messange

the nyghtyngale gn. le rossignol

rocyn redbrest la robaille

the wrenne le rotelet

FRUTES.

cherys cherises

small cherys guingues

great cherys gascongnes

small cherys merises

[something missing?] cormes

[something missing?] sorbes

raspyse franboises

gose berrys groiselles

strawberys freses

apples pommes

perys poires

plummes prunes

dampsons prunes de damas

peches pesches

mulberys moures

melons melons

gourdes gourdes

coucumbers coucombres

granades grenades

orenges orenges

openarses mesles

medlers neffles

chestayns gn. chatangnes

walnottes nois

fylberdes nois franches

small nottes noisettes

WHYT MEATES.

custardes dariolles

flawnes flans

tartes tartes

pasteys past�s

frytters bignetz

VENESON.

the harte le cerf

Page 913

the hynde la biche

the bucke le dain

the doe la daine

the robucke le saillant

the robucke la capreolle

the robucke le cheuriau

the hare le leure

the watte le leurart

the conys les connis

the rabettes les lapriaus

the rabettes les lapins

FYSHES.

alose or shaddes aloses

eeles ll. anguilles

whelkes balaines

barbyls barbeaus

base bars

breames bresmes

pykes brocetz

carpes carpes

haddockes cableaus

myllers thombes caboceaus

congers congres

coccles cocques

crabbes crabbes

dogge fysshe chien de mer

cheuyns chieuennes

shrimpes creuettes

porpasse daulphin

sturgyons esturgeons

smeltes espelans

creuice deau douce escreuice

goienne gougeons

crevyce of the see houmars

whyte heryng harenc blanc

reed heryng harenc sor

lampreys lamproiez

loches loches

makerell macreaus

muskels moulles

whytynges melans

mullettes muletz

the see swyne marsouin

oysters hiutres

perches perces

plaise plais

ray or thornbacke rayes

roches roches

husses roussettes

rochettes rougetz

salmons saulmons

solles solles

tonyne toninnes

tenches tences

gournardes tumbes

trowtes treute

turbottes turbot

Page 914

menews uerron

[something missing] uendoise

TREES.

the almande tre amandier

thelder aulne

hau thorne bearing aubespin portant

the beris curelles

wodde, tymber bois, fust

tymber fewell mairien laigne

fagottes faceaus, fagotz

logges huches

kyndlyng fagottes bourreez

barberis barberis

boxe buis

heyth bruiere

busshes buissons

byrche bouill

a place full of hasels couldrieres

hasell couldre

chestayne tree chataignier

chery tree cherisier

honysocle tre eiebrou

all one chieurefeul

tyller of a crosbowe cormier

cornus ll. cornillier

oke beryng chesnes portant

acornes glandz

cipre tree cipres

quyne aple tre coingz

palmier datiers

maples errables

thornes blacke espines noire

and whyte et blanche

eglentine esglentier

biche or the tre fou ou haitre

that beareth qui porte

the maste foynes

figge tre figuier

raspis tre francboisier

ashe fresne

small chery tre guinguier

the same agayne badeolier

wylde cherys merisier

great chery tre gascongnier

gowsbery tre groiselier

grenade tre grenadier

browme genistres

the pocke tre gaiaqz ou eban

holy or holme houll

jue yerre

jenoper jenopure

ewe iff

firres or gost songniarins ou rauenelles

the bay tre laurier

more bery tre mourier

medler meslier

Page 915

opyners tre nefflier

walnot tre noier

basels noisiers

oliue tre oliuiers

wylows or osiers osiers

orange tre orengiers

elmes ourmes

aple tre pommiers

peerre tre poiriers

plomme tre pruniers

peche tre peschiers

pinaple tre pins

plane planes

poplar tre poupeliers

rosiers rosiers

breeres rouces

rosmarie rosmarins

fyrs sapins

the place of wilowes saussoie

wylowes saus

serues tre seruiers

elder tre sehuc

aspes trembles

tron a lytell tre trosne

vynes uignes

cornes bledz

whette fourment

rye seigle

daruell iuraie

all one jargerie

all one or zizany droe

ootes auaine

barley myll orge myll

beanes febues

peeses pois

great peeses cices

small peeses ll. lentilles

small beanes lupins

all one lobis

ryse riez

fetche uesche

hempe sede canebuise

line side linuuy

rape side nauette

mostard syde senneu�

strawe estrain

straw or hay feurre

hey foyn

litter or chaff paille

pease strawe pesas

mele flour farine fleur

branne tercou

alle one son

trowgh mayt

paste levyn paste leuain

to knede pestrir

ouuen four

Page 916

to put in the ouuen enfourner

{ white { blanc { brede { black pain { bis { { brown { brun

NAMES OF OFFICERS REGALLES.

the great master le grand maistre

the steward le maistre dhostel

the great chamberlayn le chambrier

the second chamberlin le chamberlain

the cuppe bearer le echanson

the seuer le pannetier

sergeantes officers le somellier

master of horses le grant escuier

the squier under him lescuier descurie

the great hownter le grant ueneur

the master of hawkes le grant faulconner

the master of the forest le verdier

the see la mer

of the see la marinne

of the see in the masculin marin

the tyde mar�e

springe sourjon

springe sourse

fountayne fontaine

riuer riuiere

the shawre riue

a furde le gu�

the poole le uiuier

the great poole lestant

the hole la fosse

the dykes les fosses

the broke le rieu

the broke or chenell le ruisseau

cysterne citerne

a shyppe nauire

a barge nef

a shyppe bote scaffe

a lytell bote nacelle

a ferry bote bac

a square bote bacquet

a lytell barge chalan

all one santine

a whery cymbe

to suche flocke a tel aumaille

suche shepherde tel bergier

{ of shepe { de brebis { flocke { of gotes ung { de chieures tropeau { { of kyne { de uaches { { of mares { de jumentz

stoude of stalons haras des talons

of coltes de poulains

PROPERTES OF BEESTES.

a man dothe syng ung homme chante

an asse ung asne recane

a cowe lowes une uache mugist

a shepe bletes une brebis beste

a wolfe and a ung loup et ung

Page 917

dogge houles chien hulent

the cat and the lyon le chat et le lion

grynneth groulent

a hogge ung pourceau

groneth grongne

a chorle hommeth ung uillain

or grudgeth hongne

a dogge barketh ung chien abaie

a foxe and ung renart et

an otter panteth ung putois glatissent

the serpentes hysses les serpens siblent

the byrdes les oiseauz

chermes and chattereth jargonent et degoisent

the man is well lhomme est bien

shaped, that hath the fourm�, qui a le

troncke ryght, and the tronc droit, et le

remenaunt lyke tige semblable

longe long, longue

shorte court, courte

brefe brief, briefue

great grand, grande

groose gros, grosse

dimynutyve groset, grossette

small or sclender gresle

fatte gras, grasse

thynne deli� tenue

small menu menue

thycke espes espesse

thycke or rype drue drue

lyght legier legiere

hevy pesant pesante

holowe creu creuse

hole or sounde entier entiere

solude massif massifue

streyght estroit estroite

large large largeur

ynough plent�

all one prou

plentie foison

inough ass�s

ynough lytell ass�s pou

all one ass�s petit

to moche trop

more lesse plus moins

nygarde escars, escarse

softe mol molle

harde dur dure duret durette

lyar menteur mentresse

swete douls doulce

bytter amer amere

bytternesse amertume

vyle ord orde

foule sal salle

spotted souill� souill�e

vyllayne villain villaine

craver truand truande

Page 918

begger belitre, belitresse

lepre pouacre infect

knave coquin coquine

begger kemand kemande

boy gyrle garcon garce

boy gyrle hardeau hardele

glotton gourmand gourmande

malapert cocard cocarde

lykerous friand friande

wanton mignon mignart

wanton woman mignarde

lyar mensongier mensongiere

jester bourdeur bourderesse

beggler trompeur trompeuse

jangler cacqueteur cacquetresse

reprover ramponeur ramponeresse

hore monger paillard

hore paillarde

hore monger ribauld

hoore ribaulde

hoore monger putier

hoore putain

baude macreau macquerelle

a thefe laron

a she thefe laronnesse

SALUTATYONS IN FRENCHE, WHICHE MAY BE TOURNED TWO MANER WAYES, AS WHAN YE SAYE IN ENGLISSHE, GOD GYVE YOU GOOD MOROWE, YE MAY SAYE, GOOD MOROWE GYVE YOU GOD, AS YE SHALL SE HERE FOLOWYNGE.

good morowe bon jour

good yere bon an

good evenyng bon vespre

good evyn bon soir

good nyght bonne nuyt

good meetyng bon encontre

good joye bon joie

Page 919

me good lyfe and longe me me bonne vie et longue me

the good fortune the te bonne fortune te

God hym gyve good prosperyte and to you him gyve God Dieu luy doint bonne prosperit� et a vous luy doint Dieu

us well to prospere us nous bien prosperer nous

you good lucke you vous bon heur vous

them good begynnyng them leurs bon commencement leurs

good meane bon moien

good ende, and well to fynisshe bon fin, ou bien acheuer

well to lyve, well to dye bien uiure, bien mourir

good helthe bonne sante

paradyse at the ende paradis en la fin

the hole, or the fulfyllyng of your desyres lentier ou laccomplissement de vos desirs

God kepe, God blesse, God save, God gyde you. Dieu gart, Dieu benie, Dieu sauue, Dieu uous conduye.

God be within, God be your helpe, God be wyllynge to helpe you, God kepe you Dieu soit ceans, Dieu vous soit en aide, Dieu vous veulle aider, Dieu vous garde

from yvell and trouble, I bydde you farwell, God be with you, I take my leave of you, farwell de mal et dencombrier, a dieu vous dis, a dieu soiez, adieu sans adieu, adieu

tyll we se agayne. jusques au reueoir.

Page 920

THE GENERATION OF COLOURS WITH THE BLASON OF THEM.

Colour is lyght incorporate in a body visyble pure and clene. There Coulleur est lumiere incorpor�e en ung perspectif pur et nect. Ilz

ben two dyfference of perspectyves, the one is pure, separate of erthlynesse, sont deux difference de perspectifz, lung est pur, s�par� de terrestr�it�,

and the tother is spotted by the same and myxed lyght is devyded in et lautre est coinquin� par icelle et mixtion� lumiere est

four partes, that is to say clere, darke plentuous or scant, whiche is to understande quadri-partite, cest a dire clere, obscure habondante et rare, qui est a entendre

great or small. Wherfore it appereth that thre thynges dothe cause grande ou petite. Pourquoy il appert que trois choses causent

the essence of whythnesse, that is to say, clerenesse with habundaunce of the same, lessence de blancheur, cest a scauoir, clart� avec multitude dicelle,

and a body visyble clene and pure. And thre thynges lykewyse ben cause of et ung perspectif pur et nect. Et trois choses semblablement sont cause de

blacke colour, it is to say, lyght, darke with scarsnesse of it, and coulleur noir, cest a scauoir, lumiere, obscure auec paucite dicelle, et

perspectyve unclene. And by this is open the sayeng of Arystotell, and of Avenrois, perspectif impur. Et par ce est esclarcy le dict dAristote et de Avenrois,

whiche have put blacknesse for privation and whytnesse for habytude qui ont mis noircheur pour priuacion et blancheur pour habitude

or forme. And knowe ye that in these two colours lyeth all the others. ou forme. Et sach�s quen ces deux coulleurs gisent toutes les aultres.

mournyng blacke deul noir sable

mekenesse whyte sylver humilite blanc argent

pride reed orgeul rouge geule

love grene amoureus verd sinople

stedfast blewe constant bleu asure

Page 921

gyle darke blewe deception pers

werynes tawny fatygation taun�

possessyon yelowe jouissance jaulne

hoope gray esperance gris

purple magest� pourple

blody colour cherit� sanguin

vyolette trahison violet

flour of peche tree fleur de pescier

carnatyon dissymulation carnation

chaungeable changeant

pale pale darke colour pasle blesme obscur

deed colour horse flesshe coulleur morte cher de cheual

HERE FOLOWETH DYVERS REASONS WITH SOME STRANGE WORDES FOR INTRODUCTION OF THE FRENCHE TONGE.

Out sette the hevynesse of slepe vayne and longe, a quyete slepe Hors mis lentommissement du somne vain et long, ung taisible dormir

is right necessary and delycious. est tres necessaire et delicieus.

A man doutfull and suspect of jelous is sone converted and tounred Ung homme doubteus et soupeconeus est tost conuerty et tourn�

in smerte. en cusancon.

Page 922

A man alredy luke warme in deedly hete, kyndled of angre and Homme desja ti�de en mortelle challeur, embras� de eorous et

madde of dispayre. forsen� de d�sespoir.

A goodly lady, meke, trymmed, currteyse: damosell stedfast, symple, Dame gaillarde, benigne, cointe, courtoise: damoiselle constant, symple,

chaste, shamefast and honest. chaste, pudique et honeste.

A woman dishonest, redy to fall, shamelesse, wanton, subtyle, paynted Femme impudicque, lubricque, affront�e, mignarde, affait�e, fard�e

and disceyvable. et rus�e.

A gyrle havyng laughyng eyes, full of swete promyse, bearyng wytnesse Une garce aiant yeulx riantz, plains de doulx promettre, faisant foy

of a wanton wyll. dung voulloir feminin.

He is worthy of prayse, whiche enforceth him to gete by vertue greater Il est digne de louenge, qui senforce dacquerer par vertu plus haulte

lyght, for of it to sparcle the beames through all the worlde. lucence pour en espandre les rais par tout le monde.

It is folly to set our trust in thynges whiche shall fall sythe that we knowe Cest folie de nous fier ez choses qui cherront puisque cognoissons

selfely the soveraygne lyghtnesse to be darked of a lyght cloude. neiz les souuerains resplendisseurs estre obscurciez dune legiere nu�e.

O fortune, sorowe encreasyng, and slombryng all delyces with great blame O fortune, doulleur aggrauant, et soupissant tous delices, a grant tort

a body by a lytell immoderate colere, doth angre hymself agaynst une personne par ung petit de colere immoder�e, se indigne contre

his frende, at the lest without a faute goyng before. son amy, au moins sans prealable offence.

It is shame to a noble person with his strength to darke his honour Cest honte a une noble personne selon sa force obscurcir son honneur

by his shame. par ses hontes.

Page 923

If the humayne inclynation, whiche is wont for the most parte to refuse that Se lhumaine propension, qui seult pour la plus part refuser ce

which one to him doth ministre for most necessary, is nat somwhat restrayned, quon luy administre pour plus necessaire nest aulcunement cohib�e,

scante shalbe able in any scyence to profyte. a paine pourra en aulcune science prouffiter.

We be right nygh clevyng the one to the other, bycause of naturall Nous sommes de pres adherentes les ung des aultres, a cause de naturalle

inclynation, specially havyng symilytude of maners togyder. procliuit�, signament aiantz confirmit� de meurs ensemble.

Those whiche by dignyties ben shewed above others ought to then sample Ceulz qui par dignites sont pr��minence par dessus les aultres deueroient selon

of God, to put downe their pride and highnesse. Dieu, rabaisser leur crestes et haultesses.

To do the contrary is an infortunate accident springyng of malyce, and Faire au contraire est ung fortuit accident procedant de malice, et

yeldyng a man right dull, wherfore for nat to be gainsayeng and rendant ung homme fort empos, pour quoy pour non estre restif et

refusyng good counsayle: it is farre better to sustayne a good quarell, oppugnant bon conseil, trope mieulx vault soubstenir bonne querelle,

than to yelde hymselfe in suche trouble. que de soy rendre en telle berelle.

Pronownes devyded by the sixe articles of declynation, both synguler and plurell nombre. And these that ende in a, as ma, ta, sa, la, ben all feminyn. And all those that dothe ende in on, and in e, as mon, ton, son; me, te, se, le, ben all masculyne. And mien, tien, sien, synguler nombre and masculyn, miens, tiens, siens; mes, tes, ses, plurell nombre and masculyn. Mienne, tienne, sienne, singuler; miennes, tiennes, siennes, plurell nombre and feminyn. But there ben certayne names of the femynyn, whiche do requyre the pronownes masculyns that must be excepted, as mon ame, mon hotesse, and suche lyke: where both ame and hotesse ben femynyn gender, and mon he (she) masculyn. And me, te, se, ben indifferent, as in these wordes: il, (elle) sayth to me, he (she) saith to the, he (she) saith to him; me dit, il (elle) te dit, il (elle) se dit; where me, te, se, serve

Page 924 bothe for the masculyn and femynin. I, of me, to me, at me, o me, Je, de moy, a moy, a me, a moy, o moy, for me, to me, of me. pour moy, a moy, de moy. our, we, ours; of ours, to us, by Plurell, nos, nous, nostres; les nostres, a nous, par our. for Thou, of the, to the; by the: o thou, nos. O nous, o nos, pour nous. Tu, de toy, a toy; par te, par toy: o tu, o toy: by the. your, you, of yours; to you, by your, o ye: by you. He par toy. Plurell, vos, vous, des vostres; a vous, par vos, o vous: pour vous. Il she, he, him; that same the same, that same, that or this. They, they, elle; cil, luy; celuy, celle, icelle, icelluy, cestuy, ceste. Ilz, ceulx, elles, them, those. What, howe, which, the which, of whom, to have. celles, icelles, eulz, iceulz. Que, qui, quel, lequel, laquelle, de qui, a cui, by whom, the whiche. My, myne: to my, of my, myne: for par quel, quelz, laquelle, lesquelles. Mon, mien: a mon, de mon, mien: pour me, for my: for myne: o my, o myne, for me, for me, pour mon: pour le mien, par le mien: o mon, o my, o mien: pour me, pour myne, for Plurell nombre, Thy, my, his: thy, my, his: mien, pour mon. Mes, miens, mienne, miennes, Ta, ma, sa: tes, mes, ses: thyne, myne, his: tiens, miens, siens: miennes, tiennes, siennes.

Example for the femynin:

Ma mere, ma seur, ma maistresse, ma cousine: Ta mere, ta seur, ta maistresse, ta cousine: Sa mere, sa seur, sa maistresse, sa cousine: La mere, la seur, la maistresse, la cousine.

Example howe the pronowne masculyne shal be applyed as Mon pere, mon frere, mon maistre, mon cousin: Ton pere, ton frere, ton maistre, ton cousin: Son pere, son frere, son maistre, son cousin: Le pere, le frere, le maistre, le cousin, and mes, tes, ses, les, for bothe plurell.

Also there be two pronownes, that ben pronounced in french by syncopation, the same and that same: for the femynine: as cestuy cy et cestuy la: ceste cy et ceste la: where ye shall take but the last syllable of them, sayeng stuicy, stuyla: stecy, stela.

PREPOSITIONS.

Nyghe, nyghe: towarde, towarde: for, by, up, downe, above, under Pres, joucte: enuers, deuers: pour, par, sus, jus, dessus, dessoubz:

Page 925

afore, before, agaynst, with, to, to the, of the, of, at this syde, beyonde. auant, deuant, contre, en contre: auec, a, au, du, de, de�a, dela.

CONJUNCTIONS.

If, if, and, Sy, se, et, etc.

Here foloweth the adverbes, and howe ye shall turn, and forme an adverbe from englisshe into frenche, and specially those that signifye qualities, takyng this syllable ly from them, and addyng ment for it, as in these wordes folowynge:

propre } parfaite } honeste } habondant } cordial } prompte } incessante } real } instante } due } ment commune } ly signant } competente } reuerente } decente } couarde } harde } loial } condicional } compendieuse }

OTHER ADVERBES IN GENERALL.

this day huy

all this day meshuy

in this day au jourdhuy

yester day hi�r

before yester day auant hi�r

the tother day lautre hi�r

to morowe demain

the day after lendemain

after to morowe appres demain

from hens forth desormais

ones agayne derechief

from hens forth dicy en auant

from hens forwarde de la en auant

this yere ouan

al this yere mesouan

not long a gone nagaires

but lytel agone depuis nagare

{ lytel { petit { sith { lytel depuis { pou { { lytel { peu

of tyme de temps

anone tost

anone or sone tantost

incontynent incontinent

by and by cy pris cy mis

nowe maintenant

{ up { sus { now { here ore { ca { { there { la

Page 926

yere while orains

nowe ades

at this tyme a ceste heure

somtyme jadis

tyme paste temps fust

than lors

from than des lors

at that tyme alors

for that tyme pour lors

for all that toutesfois

alwayes toutteuoies

many tymes maintefois

oftentymes souuentefois

at somtyme a la fois

many tymes pluisieurs fois

betyme parfois

somtyme aulcunnefois

in the meane tyme endementiers

duryng the tyme entandis

whyle it was tandis

alwayes toudis

ever tousjours

never jamais

for ever a jamais

never syns oncques puis

never more oncques mais

than donques

at that tyme adonques

alredy desja

unto this jusques cy

unto that jusques la

moche moult

right or most tres

in maner de maniere

in so moche en tant

in the meane whyle entretant

duryng that tyme ce pendant

of maner de sorte

in maner en sorte

in a facyon en fachon

of facyon de fachon

in suche wyse tellement

as it was quellement

almost quasy

natwithstandyng nonobstant

withstandyng obstant

natwithstandyng non pourtant

nat neverthelesse non pourquant

neverthelesse neant mains

howbeit combien

all beit ja soit

as comme

howe, and howe moche comment

what quoy

to what a quoy

of what de quoy

in what en quoy

Page 927

for what pour quoy

upon what sur quoy

as what come quoy

selfely mesmement

farre loing

a longe whyle longuement

more late plus tard

to soone or tymely trop tempre

ADVERBES OF SWERYNG.

i, so ouy, sy

no, nay non, nenny

in earnes a certes

for earnes pour certes

of earnes de certes

in certayne a certain

for certayne pour certain

of certayne de certain

certaynly certainement

in trewth en uerit�

in sothe en uray

for truthe pour uerit�

for sothe pour uray

of truthe de uerit�

of sothe de uray

trewly urayment

veritably veritablement

in my God en mon Dieu

in good lucke en bon omen

by the faith of par la foy de

fayre women belles femmes

I you assure je vous asseure

I promyse you je vous promectz

I certifye you je vous certifie

without any faute sans faulte

in my trewth en ma uerit�

in my loyaltie en ma loyault�

in my worthynesse en ma prudommie

by my holynesse par ma sainctet�

trewe man preudhomme

trewe woman preude femme

yare so aincois ainsy

otherwyse aultrement

also aussy

quickely uitement

goodly bonnement

betyme tempre

tymely temprement

early matin

at the prick of day au point du jour

the dawing of the day a laube du jour

at the dayeng a lajourner

at the cockes crowynge au chant du coc

at pryme a prime

at thirde hour a heure de tierce

at noone a none

at mydde day a mydy

at evynsong a vespre

Page 928

at evenyng au soir

betwene lyght and dark entre chien et loup

at the sonne settynge a soleil couchant

at the nyght a la nuyt

at mydnyght a mie nuyt

at the day au jour

ADVERBES OF NOMBRES, WITH THEIR DIRIVATYVES, WHERE THE LONGEST OF TWO BEYNG LYKE IS FOR THE FEMYNYNE, AND THE TOTHER MASCULYNE: AND BOTHE OF ONE SIGNIFYCATION.

UNG I

fyrst, fyrst, emprent, premier

fyrstly, one premierment, ung, une

onely, evyn, unie, unicque, uniement, uny,

evenly, union, unie, uniement, unite,

of one voyce, of variable signification. uniuocque, equiuocque.

onely all onely seul, seulle, seulement, seullet,

solytary. seullette, solitaire.

DEUX II

seconde, seconde, deusi�sme: second, seconde,

double, doubled, double, doubl�, doubl�e,

doublenesse, dualit�, duplicit�, doublement,

secondary, parted in two. secondement, bipartit.

TROIS III

thyrde, thirdly, tiers, tierce, tiercement,

the thirde, troisi�me, trinit�,

all one, ternil, triangle, triplicit�, triple, terciane, tripartit.

QUATRE IIII

fourth, the fourth, quart, quarte, quatriesme,

fourthly, quartement, quaternit�,

the fourth parte, square, quadril, quarr�, quarr�e,

foure cornarde, quadrangle,

foure double, a crosse way, quadruple, quarefour,

the quartayne, forthy, quartaine, quarantaine,

forthy or lent, lent. quadragesime, quaresme.

CINCQ V

fyfth, fyfthly, quint, quinte, quintement,

the fyfth, of fyve, cinquiesme, quintuplice,

pentecost, whit sonday. cinquesme.

Page 929

SIX VI

the sixte sixtely sixt, sixte, sixtement,

of sixe, sixe cornarde sextil, sextangle, sisi�me, sexagesime.

SEPT VII

the seventh seventhly, septiesme, septiesmement,

ones sevyn, in sevyn septaine, septuplice,

sevyn corners. septangle, septuagesime.

HUIT VIII

the eight huitaine, huiti�sme huiti�smement

NEUF IX

the nynth nyne neuui�sme, neuuayne,

nynthly neuui�smement

DIX X

tenne dix, disi�sme,

is he that hath charge of x men. desinier, disayne.

ONSE XI

theleventh onsi�me onsaine.

DOUSE XII

twelfthly dousi�me, dousaine.

TRAISE XIII

the thirtenth traisi�me.

QUATORSE XIIII

the fourtenth quatorsi�me

QUINSE XV

the fyftenth quinsi�me.

SAISE XVI

the sixtenth saisi�me

DIX SEPT XVII

the sevententh dix septi�sme

DIX HUIT XVIII

the eightenth dishuiti�sme.

DISNEUF XIX

the nyntenth disneufi�sme

VINGT XX

twenty the twenteth vintaine, vingti�me

TRENTE XXX

the thirteth, thirtie trentiesme, trentaine

QUARANTE XL

the fourteth quaranti�sme

CINQUANTE L

acompte of fyftie the fyfteth cincquantaine, cincquanti�sme.

Page 930

SOISSANTE LX

the sixteth threscore. soissantieme, soisantaine.

SEPTANTE LXX

the sevynteth septanti�sme

OCTANTE LXXX

the eighteth octanti�sme

NONANTE XC

the nynteth nonanti�sme

CENT C

hundreth, the hundreth, centaine, centi�sme,

the hundredeth, lykewyse centeni�r, centurion.

DEUX CENS CC

TROIS CENS CCC

QUATRE CENTZ CCCC

CINQ CENTZ V. C.

SIX CENTZ VI. C.

SEPT CENTZ VII. C.

HUIT CENTZ VIII. C.

NEUF CENTZ IX. C.

MIL. A THOUSANDE

DIX MILE X. M.

CENT MILE C. M.

UNG MILION M. M.

FORMATYON OF THE INDICATYVE PRESENT TENSE.

Here after foloweth the maner, howe one shall make and fourme the present of the indicatyve or shewyng mode, of the verbes folowyng.

The maner to fourme the present of the verbes infynityve mode, here after folowynge, is: that all those that ende in er, puttyng the r away, and makyng the e a consonant, ye shall have the present of the indicatyve, as in these wordes: parler, appeller, appaiser, appuier, etc.; puttyng r away, ye have: parle, appelle, appaise; appuie: sayeng, japelle, tu appelle, il appelle, nous appellons, vous appelles, ilz appellent. Ye shall neverthelesse except some verbes defectyves, as aller that do make, je voy, tu vas, in the present, and such lyke.

Also all suche as have d in the last syllable, ye shall leave all the letters commynge after the d, and shall adde s, or z to it: ye shall have the plurell nombre of them, as in those wordes tordre, mordre, prendre, attaindre, auaindre, and such lyke, puttynge s or z to the d: ye shall have tordz, mordz, prendz, attainz, auaindz: howbeit that ye shall nat sounde the sayde d, accordynge to the sixte rule in the begynnyng of this worke.

Also all those that doth ende in ir, as tenir, uenir, with all them that be dirivate of them: as contenir, maintenir, soubstenir, preuenir, reuenir, paruenir, deuenir, and such lyke, must be all ended in iens, as tiens, viens, contiens,

Page 931

maintiens, soubstiens, preuiens, reuiens, paruiens, deuiens. Sayeng: je tiens, tu tiens, il tient, nous tenons, vous tenes, ilz tienent. There is another sorte endyng in ir, as conuertir, assoupir, appourir, attendrir, benir, bannir, etc. the whiche chaungynge the r in s, ye have conuertis, assoupis, appouris, benis, bannis; sayeng: je bannis, tu bannis, il bannist, nous bannissons, vous bannisses, ilz bannissent; and lykewyse of the tothers. Also there must be many except, as consentir, assentir, mourir, querir, dormir, whiche do make their present: je consens, je assens, je meurs, je quiers, je dors, tu dors, il dort, nous dormons, vous dormes, ilz dorment.

Also there is two other that doth ende in oir, the tone hath an a, in the penultyme syllable, as auoir and scauoir; whiche do make ay and scay in the present. The tother maner hath lyke termynation without an a, as apperceuoir, deuoir, pouruoir, concepuoir, decepuoir, whiche do make their present, japercoy, je doy, je pouruoy, je concoy, je decoy; how be it ualloir and uolloir must be except which do make in the present je vaulz, and voulloir, je veulz, tu ueulz, il ueult, nous uoulons, uous uoules, ilz ueulent.

Also there is another sorte endynge in e, in the infinitive, as

saying, laughyng, redyng, frieng, dire, rire, lire, frire, etc.

say, laugh, rede, frye; which make in their present, dis, ris, lis, fris;

sayeng, je lis, tu lis, il list, nous lisons, vous lises, ilz lisent.

Also there ben others endyng in ore, as clore, shitte, with all his compost, that is to saye, disclore, unshitte, forclore, shitte out, etc. whiche do make in their present, clos, declos, forclos, etc. and for cause that rules ben infinites, and that they ben more necessary for the teacher than for the lernar, I suppose that those above sayd ben sufficyent for the indicative present.

It is to be noted that in the frenche tongue is but two cojugacions: the first shal be discerned and knowen by the first persone plurel nombre of the present in the shewynge moode, for where the sayd fyrst persone hath no s in the seconde sillable before his termination or ende, than it is of the

we love, we have, we bette, we gyve, first, as in these verbes, aymons, auons, batons, donons, with such lyke; and where there is an s begynning the last syllable of the forsayd fyrst persone, than it is of the second, as in these verbes, baisons, taisons, brisons, faisons, disons, lisons, pensons, etc.

Page 932

Ye shal note lykewyse that in the indicative mode ye have for the moste parte, foure preterites, that is to say, the imperfect, parfect and indiffinitive with the plusperfect, whiche ben communely founde in all verbes save in them that ben defectives, as it apereth by this verbe, I say, thou sayest, je dis, tu dis,

wherfore the preterit imperfyte is: I dyde say; je disoie; the perfect, I sayde je deis; the indiffynitive, I have sayd; jay dit; the plusperfect, I had sayd. jauoie dit.

Nevertheles for the most part there is no difference in englysshe betwene the perf. and imperf. that is to say, betwene I dyd say, and I sayd: but bycause it is otherwise in french, I must use the said difference.

OF THE FORMATION OF THE PRETERIT IMPARFYTE.

Ye shall forme the preterit imperf. in all verbes of both conjugations by the fyrst person plurell nombre, turnyng this syllable ons, whiche is in every verbe, in oie for the fyrst conjugation: and sons in soie, in the second, soundynge s, lyke a z, as zons, zoie.

Example for the fyrst conjugation as in this verbe aymons, whiche is the fyrst person plurell nombre of jaime, chaungyng this syllable ons in oie, ye have aimoie; of auons, ye have auoie; of donnons, donnoie.

Example for the seconde conjugation, as in these worde: baisons, turnynge the last syllable, whiche is sons in soie, ye have of brisons, brisoie; of faisons, faisoie; of disons, disoie; and the seconde persone shall termyne in ois, the thirde in oit; the fyrst plurell nombre in ions for the fyrst, and sons for the seconde, as it shall appere clerely in the conjugations herafter folowing, and this rule is infallyble for all preterites imparfyte.

OF THE PRETERIT PARFYTE.

The preterit parfyte, as well of the fyrst as of the seconde conjugation hath dyvers termynations, but there is four speciall, that is to say in us, in is, in ins and in ay.

Example of us: as je bus, je fus, je leus, je congneus, etc. of is: as je escripuis, je deis, je mis, je feis. of ins: as je tins, je prins, je uins, japrins. of ay: as jaimay, je donnay, je baisay, je prisay, je laissay.

Page 933

And so the verbe that ende in us shalbe, je bus, tu bus, il but, nous bumes, vous butes, ilz burent.

Example of is: as je feis, tu feis, il feist, nous fismes, vous feistes, ilz firent. of ins: as je uins, tu uins, il uint, nous uimmes, uous uintes, ilz uindrent. of ay: as je donnay, tu donnas, il donna, nous donnasmes, vous donnastes, ilz donnerent.

THE PRETERIT INDIFFYNITYVE.

Ye shall ever fourme the preterit indiffynityve with the thre persons, both singuler and plurell nombres of this verbe (have) in the present tensis, saying, jay aym�, I have loved; tu as aym�, thou hast loved; il a aym�, nous auons, uous aues, ilz ont aym�; and likewise of all other verbes with the sayd have, as jay dit, jay bu, jay lu, jay fait.

OF THE FORMATION OF THE PRETER PLUS PARFYTE.

The preterit most parfect is ever formed with the preterit imperfyte of the foresayd verbe (have) as the indiffynityve is with the presente, sayeng I have done, thou haddest done, that is to say, jauoie dit, jauoie aym�, jauoie bus, jauoie requis; and so thorowe the thre persons, never chaungynge the terminacion of the verbe, as jauoie dit, tu auois dit, il auoit dit, nous auions dit, uous auies dit, ilz auoient dit; and so of all other lyke.

THE FUTUR OF THE INDICATYVE.

Ye shall understande that all maner verbes in generall ben termyned in their thre persons synguler and plurell nombres after this wayes: ray, ras, ra: rons, res, ront, so that ye shall take the verbe in the present, and put the s away at the later ende, if it be of the seconde or the fyrst conjugacion, and adde therto the foresayd terminacyon: as in this worde dis, I saye; ye shall take awaye s and adde ray, sayeng diray, diras, dira, dirons, dires, diront. Jaimeray, tu aymeras, il aymera, nous aymerons, uous aymeres, ilz aymeront. There be some verbes must have more addicion, as dors, I slepe, whiche must have mi, added unto it, sayeng, dormiray, and boy, drinke, which sygnify I drinke; ye shal nat say boiray, but buueray, I shall drinke; and so of some other, as doy, ought; and metre, I put. How be it they be all termined with the above sayd termination.

Page 934

OF THE IMPERATIVE, WHICHE SIGNIFYETH COMMAUNDYNG.

The imperative for the most parte is ever lyke the verbe present tensis of the indicatyve moode, leavyng the fyrst persone and puttyng the pronowne after the verbe, for it differs nat: save in the thyrde persone synguler, and plurell nombre of some verbes, as jay, whiche doth make in the thirde person synguler, il a; and the thirde persone of the imperatyve is quil ayt, or ayt cil, ou celuy; and lykewyse of scay. But of the moste parte of others, it is lyke the present, leavyng the fyrst persone, whiche is nat in the imperatyve synguler nombre, as in this verbe jaime, tu aime, il aime, nous aimons, uous aimes, ilz aiment; which his present is that is a lyke in the imperatyve, leavynge the fyrst persone, sayeng aime tu, aime cil, aimons nous, aimes uous, quilz aiment; puttyng ever the pronowne after the verbe.

The sayde imperatyve hath two futures, the tone affyrmatyve, and the tother negatyve, whiche have evermore these frenche wordes going before do, kepe, se, every person: faitz, garde, voy, Se that thou speke; loke that he move nat; as in this example: Voy que tu parle; garde quil ne se meuue; prenons garde que nous ne mouuons, que vous ne mouues; prenez garde quilz ne se meuuent; and lykewise of the affyrmative, leavyng this worde ne.

THE OPTATYVE.

After the olde grammer was wonte to be all one with his preterit imperf. but we shall make hym different from hym, puttyng before the verbe this worde oh, or je vous prie, sayeng, oh que je boiue, je te prie que tu boiue, etc.

The sayd optatyve hath thre preterites, that is to say, imperf., parfyte, and plusperf., puttynge alwayes a ma uoullente, or plust a Dieu before the verbe. The preterit imperf. is moost termyned in usse, inse, and in asse, whiche may serve lykewyse for the present, as in these verbes: Pleust � Dieu que jaimasse; a ma uoullente que tu me congneusse; pleust a Dieu que tu prinsses courage. The parfyte is moche lyke the preterit indiffynityve of the indicatyve, as a ma uoullente que jaie aim�. The plus perfyt hath ever this verbe jeusse (I had) before hym, as jeusse aim�, jeusse dit, etc. His presente doth serve for his future, addyng either tantost or demain, sayeng pleust a Dieu que je uoise demain auec uous; a ma uoullente que deuiegne bon, a ma uoullente quil soit tantost corrige.

Page 935

THE SUBJUNCTIVE OR CONJUNCTIVE.

The conjunctive is lyke the optative in his present and preterittes, save that we say in stede of pleust a Dieu, a ma uoullente; sy, come, quant, or ueu, sayeng for the present, sy je fuisse maintenant, comme jay congneu, quant jeusse sentu.

The sayd conjunctyve hath two futures, the tone hath alwayes this worde mais, goyng before the verbe, as mais que je soie joieulz, etc.

The tother is borowed of the potenciall mode, and hath for his termynation, roy, rois, roit: rions, ries, roient, as jaimeroie, tu aimerois, il aimeroit, nous aimerions, uous aimeries, ilz aimeroient; and likewyse of all others. The termination of the infinityve shall appere in the verbes here after folowyng, wherfore in eschewyng prolixite, I will no further speke of it. The preterit must ever have this verbe infynityve moode: auoir, before hym, as auoir parl�, auoir dit, auoir mordz, etc.

The gerundyve is formed of the infinityve, and of the participle present tensis, as de parler, pour conferer, en communicant, etc. The overthrowen or supins which ben called reuerses, ye shall ever put the preterit parfit or the second futur of the conjunctive before him, sayeng: je te uoulsisse, or je te uouldroye bien aim� de Dieu, etc.

A RULE FOR TO MAKE PARTICIPLES, ADVERBES AND NOWNES OF THE VERBES FOLOWYNGE.

All maner verbes infinitive mode endyng in er, takyng the r away, ye have the preterit masculin, and addyng an e to the � that remaine, ye have the participle feminin of the preterit tensis, as in this verbe enseigner, take away the r, ye have enseign�, which is masculin, and addyng another e to it, ye have enseign�e, which is the preterit feminin, soundyng the first e as a uowel, and if ye adde ment to it, ye shal have enseignement, which is an adverbe, and puttyng both es away, and addyng ant, ye have the participle present, whiche is enseignant, and this rule is generall for the termination.

Also all verbes endyng in ir, as uenir, and such as come of him must al change ir in u for the preterit masculyn, and addyng an e to the sayd u for the feminin. Exemple for the masculin, if ye take ir away from uenir, tenir, souuenir, soubstenir, maintenir, and adde u for it, ye shall have, uenu, tenu, souuenu, maintenu, and addyng an e to it, ye shall have the feminin, whiche

Page 936

be, uenue, tenue, souuenue, maintenue, etc. and if ye put away the sayd u and e, and put ant for it, ye shall have the participle present tensis, as uenant, tenant, souuenant, maintenant. There ben other verbes ending in ir, whiche must chaunge the r in e for the feminin, and without the e for the masculin, as benir, take away the r, ye have beny, which is preterit masculin, and adde an e to it, ye have benie, whiche is the feminin, and lykewyse of bannir, banni, bannie; rauy, rauie, and adding ssant to the masculin, ye have banissant, benissant, rauissant. Mourir and querir must be excepted: for mourir hath mort for his masculyn, and morte for the femynyn, and querir, quis and quise; mourant and querant for the participle present tense.

Also those wherof the infynityve termyne or ende in tre, or in dre, the e beyng a consonant, as batre, abatre, combatre, rabatre, debatre: pendre, fendre, deffendre, tendre, rendre, uendre, must all chaunge re in u for the masculyn, sayeng batu, abatu, combatu, pendu, fendu, deffendu, uendu, tondu, addyng an e to it for the femynyn, sayeng batue, uendue, fendue, tondue; ye must except prendre with all his dirivatives, and make pris, prise; repris, reprise; compris, comprise; mespris, mesprise. There ben other that ende in e, as mectre, with all that of hym ben diryvate; whiche must folowe the sayd rule, as permis, permise; mis, mise; demis, demise; commis, commise; promis, promise; remis, remise; compris, etc. and bycause they be noted for the most parte among the Catalogue of verbes, and howe ye shall fourme lykewyse both nownes and adverbes: and also that it is harde for to fynde a rule generall and infallyble, I do here termyne the sayde rules.

HERE AFTER FOLOWETH SOME VERBES AFTER THE LETTERS OF THE A, B, C.

A.

to cast downe abattre

to barke abaier

to stoupe abaisser

to araye abiller

to bourde aborder

to water abruuer

to make a fole or beest abestir

to abuse abuser

to leane the backe adosser

to distroy abolir

to make swete adoulcir

to dresse or to order addouber

to warne aduertir

to touche adeser

to auowe aduouer

to wyne or to adde adjouter

to swere adjurer

Page 937

to go out of the way adirer

to clyppe accoller

to pacifye accoyser

to tryme a woman achesmer

to agre accorder

to aquent accoynter

to gader accumuler

to bow downe, croked accroper

to accepte accepter

to bye acheter

to harken accoupter

to certyfye acertener

to cache with a hoke acrocher

to directe adrecer

to mynister administrer

to ordre at pleasure affaitter

to make one lame affoller

to make sharpe affiler

to put on a mantel affubler

to make fast affycher

to make feble affoyblir

to make fre affranchir

to dresse agencer

to tache with a hoke aggrapper

to make more greuous aggrauer

to tache aggripper

to knele agenouller

to flatter alechier

to cherysshe aloser

to gader amasser

to wrappe amallotter

to tye amarer

to wake ambuler

to leade amener

to mende amender

to love aimer

to make lesse amaindrir

to make softe amollir

to make leane amesgrir

to make smale amenuser

to heape amonceler

to drye adurer

to arnat or prepare aourner

to gyve sucke allaiter

to kyndel alumer

to alter alterer

to waste anuller

to anounce anoncer

to appere apparoistre

to pacify apaiser

to aparel appareiller

to call appeller

to perceyve apercepuoir

to make redy aprester

to learne aprendre

to flatre with myrth aploudir

to aproche aprocher

Page 938

to waxe poore apourir

to tame apriuoiser

to appoint apointer

to leane upon appuier

to go before anticiper

to make propre aproprier

to assemble assembler

to assigne assigner

to assure asseurer

to kyl with a clubbe assommer

to fulfyl assouuir

to make one bownde asseruir

to assople assouldre

to make sadde assoupir

to invade assailir

to consent assentir

to flatter assotir

to make to swere assermenter

to make subget assubgetter

to resemble assimuller

to fall in company associer

to helpe assister

to reste a man arester

to enquere one araisonner

to come or to lande arriuer

to ronde or go about arondir

to water or sparcle water arrouser

to fal in the company arouter

to tye atacher

to tary or abyde attendre

to dresse atourner

to catche subtelly attraper

to hitte or ouertake attaindre

to reche auaindre

to take hede auiser

to go about auironner

to auance auancer

to have auoir

to gyve auctorite auctoriser

to somen adjourner

to dawne ajourner

to jeopard aduenturer

to swalow or go downe aualler

B

to bete battre

to buylde baatir

to cast butter upon rost bastir

to banysshe bannir

to bast the roste bass�r

to stoupe baiss�r

to kysse bais�r

to mocke bau�r

to barre a dore barr�r

to barter baret�r

to gape beer

to gape ll. basllier

to blote ll. barbouller

Page 939

to bable lyke a duck barbott�r

to plee the fole baguenauder

to beate at ars bacculer

to shake a sworde brandir

to brew brass�r

to bragge bragu�r

to stutte beggu�r

to ete lyke a gote brout�r

to brawle or to wage bransler

to rocke the cradel berch�r

to hunt beres bers�r

to blysse benir

to begge belistr�r

to bourde or jape bourd�r

to bathe baign�r

to crye or wepe braire

to breke briser

to put boutt�r

to speke fayre blandir

to juste behourd�r

to bargayne barguign�r

to blame blasmer

to swere blasphem�r

to yexe ll. balli�r

to bable ll. babill�r

to swepe bali�r

to stut balbut�r

to lyspe besgu�r

to shave barbi�r

to blasonne blassonn�r

to drinke boire

to eate gredely briff�r

to springe bourjon�r

to budde bouttonn�r

to set a broche broch�r

to bridel brider

to worke besongn�r

to blotte broull�r

to bribe briber

to hurte blesser

to sethe or boyle boullonner

to delve bescher

to tourne away bestourner

to dounse balloyer

to cut busshes buissoner

to burne brusler

to stutte brettonner

to brunishe brunir

C

to play at cardes carder

to trifle cabasser

to hide cacer

to breke casser

to hunte chasser

to spit cracer

to chope brede chapler

to clatter caqueter

Page 940

to rele chanceler

to shake canceler

to tickel catouller

to danse caroler

to cloute showes carler

to charme charmer

to hewe charpenter

to carie charier

to put on hoses chausser

to caffe or warme chauffer

to charge charger

to do reverence chaproner

to over charge crauenter

to cherisshe cherir

to shyfte cheuir

to geder ceullier

to certify certifier

to walke cheminer

to somme citer

to tame cicurer

to take right away ciffrer

to cleyme clamer

to shit clore

to halte clocer

to cover couurir

to guyde conduire

to knowe congnoistre

to runne courrir

to counsell consell�r

to ronne togider concourrir

to correcte corrig�r

to speke togider confer�r

to situat colloqu�r

to stoupe coytir

to constrayne coherc�r

to reduce narowly coart�r

to confounde confoundre

to go about costoi�r

to compasse compasser

to nayle clou�r

to contryve controuu�r

to whelpe chienn�r

to tourne to a purpose conuertir

to reken compt�r

to comprehende comprendre

to strive contendre

to make compos�r

to compile compil�r

to discerne concern�r

to kepe conseru�r

to comaunde comand�r

to fortyfe corrobor�r

to constrayne contraindre

to graunt consentir

to suffre comport�r

to forgyve condonn�r

to conceyve concepuoir

Page 941

as liker throw a cloth coul�r

to corrumpe or corrupt corompre

to shrive confess�r

to deffende cohib�r

to conforte confort�r

to ayde consoler

to be ydel connu�r

to be suerte caucion�r

to sowe coudre

to resyste contrest�r

to lye couch�r

to beshitte conchi�r

to winke clign�r

to drede craindre

to feare crennir

to burste creu�r

to farte or to burste crepit�r

to afferme creanc�r

to crye cri�r

to bake cuire

to smarte cuyre

D

to dampne damn�r

to danse dans�r

to date datt�r

to cast a dart darder

to aske demander

to pay the costes deffroi�r

to disconfit desconfire

to defende deffendre

to unnayle desclou�r

to owe debuior

to debate debatre

to overcome debell�r

to juge decid�r

to begile defraud�r

to go out of the way desuoi�r

to denye deni�r

to spende despendre

to unhange despendre

to dye deui�r

to purpose deliber�r

to unbynde desli�r

to devore deuor�r

to take away destitu�r

to distrempe destremp�r

to disloge deslog�r

to deuine deuin�r

to bacbite detract�r

to deceyve decepuoir

to gyve sentence determin�r

to discusse desrain�r

to distroy desmollir

to distourbe destourber

to untrusse destrouss�r

to deliver deliur�r

to unneste deuis�r

Page 942

to prejudice deroguer

to put of rementes ll. despoull�r

to disprayse despris�r

to devise deuis�r

to come downe descendre

to unfolde desuelop�r

to deprave deprau�r

to put downe deprim�r

to make fowle deturp�r

to unknowe descognoistre

to forsake delaiss�r

to devoure deglub�r

to sease desist�r

to robbe desrob�r

to go out of order desregl�r

to temper destremp�r

to unbridel desbrid�r

to discharge descharg�r

to discorde descord�r

to put downe desmectre

to denye sayeng desdire

to put out debout�r

to uncover descouurir

to take away lande desterr�r

to disenherite desherit�r

to breke faste desun�r

to distroy destruire

to dishonoure deshonor�r

to defyle deflor�r

to go from merite desmerit�r

to unpurvey despourueoir

to rele desuid�r

to discorage descorag�r

to put out of the place desloqu�r

to distroy the people depopul�r

to take awaye maydenhed despucel�r

to spoyle despred�r

to set forth and go back desmarch�r

to unbende a crosbowe descoch�r

to clatter out descliqu�r

to unhose deschauss�r

to spoyle despouller

to unbende desbend�r

to unlace deslach�r

to make myrth as byrdes degoiger

to deserve deseruir

to delate delater

to distroy dissiper

to dispute discepter

to dispence dispenser

to say dire

to have lordeshippe dominer

to gyve donn�r

to slepe dormir

to tame dompt�r

to display despli�r

to unarme desarm�r

Page 943

E

to sporte esbatre

to bashe esbahir

to be bawlde esbaudir

to blusshe esblouir

to here or harken escout�r

to set upon the spit embroch�r

to teche endoctrin�r

to kepe skowte wache eschauguet�r

to scarche esgratign�r

to make softe emollir

to wexe harde endurcir

to wrappe enfardeler

to folde up enueloper

to put in the ovyn enfourner

to esteme esm�r

to cromme esmi�r

to spare espargn�r

to sparcle espardre

to sparcle about esparpilli�r

to enforce enforc�r

to hunt away enchass�r

to lyghten esclarcir

to hyde away escons�r

to eschewe escheoir

to shake of excut�r

to bringe to passe execut�r

to be delivered of a childe enfant�r

to breke enfraindre

to sinke enfondr�r

to sinke enfons�r

to set togider narowly enferrer

to go out of the way escart�r

to put or blot out effacer

to go out of the way egar�r

to waxe great engrossir

to move esmouuoir

to clyppe enbrac�r

to lyght escler�r

to scape eschapp�r

to skyrmysshe escarmuch�r

to quarter escartel�r

to mocke escharmir

to make afrayde espouent�r

to be marveyled esmerueill�r

to gete corage esuertu�r

to prove esprouu�r

to spurre esperonn�r

to understande entendre

to cancre ll. enrouill�r

to waxe madde enrag�r

to waxe riche enrichir

to breake entamer

to put in prison emprisonn�r

to grynde esmouldre

to stoupe estoup�r

to sette at large eslargir

Page 944

to sette up erig�r

to exalte exalt�r

to styre one exagit�r

to put out of order exorbit�r

to be buse exercit�r

to take without ryght extorqu�r

to distroy extermin�r

to excuse excus�r

to shake of escuss�r

to say nay escondire

to declare explicqu�r

to declare epiloqu�r

to go about enuironn�r

to serche nygh expliqu�r

to poyson empoysonn�r

to wrappe entortill�r

to flee escorch�r

to spye espi�r

to pluc away esraci�r

to hope esper�r

to enmayle esmaill�r

to stere out the brain esceruel�r

to clene the nose esmouch�r

to waxe a slepe endormir

to wake esueill�r

to invade empaindre

to press on espraindre

to kyndle esprendre

to teche enseign�r

to launch a bote esquip�r

to shake escourre

to set a thyng in the wynde esuent�r

to drye uppe essuer

to be abasshed estonn�r

to put liker in a vessel entonn�r

to put in the case estuy�r

to quenche estaindre

to stablisshe establir

to strive estriu�r

to sparcle estincil�r

to inforce enforc�r

to take corage encourag�r

to encrease encroistre

to set a stringe upon a bowe encorder

to write escripre

to curse escomunier

to undertake enprendre

to undertake entreprendre

to stretche estendre

to tye with a chayne enchain�r

to close enclore

to mete encontr�r

to borowe emprunt�r

to bury ensepuelir

to put in the grounde enterr�r

Page 945

to stanche estancer

to lede away enmener

to eschew euit�r

to set upon a hepe entass�r

to cut entaill�r

to folow ensuiuir

to dye espir�r

to lette empesch�r

to enbrace embrach�r

to make thicke espessir

to ladle espuis�r

to bere away emport�r

to exorte enort�r

to nese estrenu�r

to sende enuoi�r

to scratche esgratign�r

to geve the first hansel estrin�r

to stoppe estanch�r

to pluck up parforce enrach�r

to kyndle embras�r

to waxe fayre embellir

to spotte with myre embou�r

to beshytte embren�r

to scalde eschaud�r

to chaffe eschauff�r

to pluc from the shelle eschall�r

to make worse empir�r

to set in presse empress�r

to except except�r

to banishe exill�r

to breke a dere euiscer�r

F

to talke fabul�r

to forge fabricqu�r

to go about nought fatroull�r

to fantesy fantasi�r

to mow faulch�r

to penetre fauss�r

to make false falsifi�r

to fayle faillir

to do faire

to paint as women do farder

to wrappe fardeler

to play or mocke farc�r

to stuffe mete farsir

to feyne faindre

to facion a thynge fassonn�r

to helpe fauoris�r

to make one wery fac�r

to fawne faonn�r

to swadel fach�r

to make fertil fecond�r

to cleve fendre

to strike ferir

to make hay fen�r

to make feste festoi�r

Page 946

to put the levain fermenter

to show horses ferr�r

to shytt ferm�r

to forme or shape figur�r

to spinne fil�r

to kasten a thynge on the grounde fich�r

to congele foitir

to melte fondre

to forge forger

to hurte or to dresse cloth fouller

to serche ll. fouller

to furre fourrer

to provaile fourboullir

to go out of the way fouruier

to waxe madde forsener

to be killed with tempest fouldroier

to play the fole folloier

to confort a membre with a bathe fomenter

to donge fienter

to lay out fonser

to shitte out forclore

to furbisshe fourbir

to banisshe forbanir

to forfect forfaire

to draw from another fortraire

to forswere forjurer

to scourge fouetter

to fly fouir

to fetche vitall fourrager

to go from the lyne forligner

to enforce forcer

to shape former

to use idel wordes flagorner

to flatter flatter

to smell flairer

to tormente flageller

to pipe flajoller

to wade flaistrir

to bow fleschir

to florisshe flourir

to haunte frequenter

to quake fremir

to frye fricquass�r

to frye frire

to play the galant fringner

to shake of the ague frissonn�r

to bruse froi�r

to rubbe frot�r

to breake froiss�r

to ronne away fouir

to assyst fulcir

to thretten fulmin�r

to fume fum�r

to disceyve frustr�r

G

to mocke gab�r

to lay a wayes gag�r

Page 947

to gage a vessell gaug�r

to distroy any thyng garconn�r

to kepe gard�r

to garnysshe garnir

to graunt garantir

to galope a horse galloper

to lette blode gars�r

to clatter garrul�r

to waste gaist�r

to rejoise gaudir

to make mery, or to prike gall�r

to wynne gaigner

to lye downe gesir

to dresse genc�r

to frese gell�r

to turmente gehin�r

to confesse gehir

to playne gemir

to double gemin�r

to tourne ger�r

to discryve the world or therth geographer

to springe germiner

to eate as a glotton gourmander

to say meate gouster

to droppe goutter

to governe gouuerner

to parbreke gosiller

to barke as a fulmer glatir

to gleane glenner

to glorifye glorifier

to glose gloser

to folde togyder glomerer

to glew glutiner

to clawe grater

to grave or sculpe grauer

to noy greuer

to grese botes gresser

to hayle gresler

to sclyde ll. griller

to sclyde glisser

to scratche griffer

to grynne gn. grigner

to gryppe or to clyme gripper

to grudge gn. grongner

to curle as a cattle gruler

to heale guerir

to rewarde guerdonner

to forsake guerpir

to caste geler

to make warre guerroier

to complayne guermenter

to voyde guenchir

to lyfte up guinder

to gyde guyder

to watche guetter

to loke with one eye guigner

Page 948

H

to leave alone habandonner

to have plentie habonder

to cutte small hacher

to haunte hanter

to be sonne burnde hasler

to plucke up ll. haller

to rele threde hapler

to catche happer

to harpe herper

to hate hair

to pyke a quarell harceler

to pyke a quarell harier

to ryse up haulser

to play at dyce hasarder

to harborowe hebreger

to lodge hosteler

to harowe hercher

to ney as a horse hennir

to succede to heritage heriter

to move hobber

to be wery hoder

to spotte honnir

to make one ashame hontoier

to grudge gn. hongner

to put on botes houser

to wynde up housser

to calle hucher

to suppe humer

to humme huner

to stryke with horns hurter

to be meke humilier

to hurtel togider hurteler

to make a creste lyke a coke fighting hurer

to houle as a dogge huler

to set up the heres as a hedge dog herissonner

I

to boost jacter

to chatter as byrdes jargonner

to folowe imiter

to trouble infester

to say unto inferer

to injury injurier

to put upon inculquer

to call inciter

to bringe in introduire

to stablysh a bisshop introniser

to put in parforce intruser

to enquere interroguer

to teache instruire

to attempte inuestiguer

to finde inuenter

to make unhappe infortuner

to move instiguer

to reprove improperer

to wrappe intriguer

to sacrify immoler

Page 949

to invade inuader

to intoxicat infectioner

to be importunat importuner

to require implorer

to call inuocquer

to gete impetrer

to put on imputer

to jeopart ingerer

to inspire inspirer

[missing English verb] involver

to printe imprimer

to cal to inviter

to ordenne instituer

to let interpeller

to induce induire

to teche or bringe in introduire

to juste jouster

to play jouer

to joine joindre

to fast juner

to juge juger

to swere jurer

to justify justifier

to do justice justicier

to angre irriter

to winter iuerner

to go out issir

to cut the trouth juguler

to ronne upon one irruer

to use dronkenship iurongner

L

to labour labourer

to lace lacer

to lose or let go lascer

to provoke lacesser

to leave laisser

to wery lasser

to lance lancer

to stele larciner

to sile a wale lambroisser

to complayne lamenter

to drinke as a dogge lapper

to wepe larmoier

to wepe lacrimer

to stone to deth lapider

to larde larder

to lathe with lathes latter

to wache lauer

to lyke lescher

to lyfte leuer

to lure, as a hawke leurer

to tye lier

to fyle as a smyte limer

to deliver liurer

to rede lire

to here louer

to lawde loer

Page 950

to shine luire

to wrestell luiter

M

to chewe macher

to mary marier

to angre marir

to blaspheme maulgrier

to barguine marchander

to martir martirer

to martir martiriser

to mastry maistrier

to waxe leane maigrir

to worke as a mason massonner

to mainteyn maintenir

to curse mauldire

to handle manier

to make foule maculer

to make blacke machurer

to trede marcher

to marke marquer

to hamer marteler

to putte mectre

to begge mendier

to muse mediter

to eate menger

to thanke mercier

to backebyte mesdire

to medyll mesler

to reken falce mescompter

to do a mysse mesprendre

to disprease mespriser

to murdre meurdrir

to lye mentir

to deserve meriter

to mysknowe mescognoistre

to loke in a glasse mirer

to dyg in the grounde miner

to lede mener

to asswage metiguer

to shewe monstrer

to mortifie mortifier

to grounde mouldre

to move mouuoir

to make a molde mouller

to wite ll. mouller

to mue as a hawke muer

to hide mucer

to fortify munir

to multiply multiplier

to go to hervest moissonner

all one messonner

to playe the husbande mesnager

to byte mordre

to dye mourir

to mounte monter

to swepe the nose moucer

to morfounde morfoundre

Page 951

to mocke mocquer

to put one yvell maumectre

to mysdo mesfaire

all one mesprendre

N

to swym nager

to shewe narrer

to serve at tennes nacqueter

to give posession nantir

to wounde naurer

to be borne naistre

to make mattes nater

to set sinewes on a sadle neruer

to make clene nettoier

to denye nier

to bride nidger

to snuf with the nose niffler

to becke with hedde niquer

to knytte nouer

to swimme noer

to drowne noier

to nombre nombrer

to notte notter

to nourishe norir

to shade noncer

to make black noircer

to certify notiffier

to name nommer

to hurt nuyre

to strive noisir

O

to obaye obair

to be ocupyed occuper

to darken obscurer

to say yvell obtrecter

to obtaine obtenir

to bynde obliger

to binde is all one obliger

bloted forgotten obliterer

to forgette oublier

to withstande obuier

to darken obfusquer

to offende offencer

to offrende offrir

to kyll occire

to hide occulter

to make fole ordoier

to ordayne ordonner

to leve obmectre

to hurte oultrager

to uttre oultrer

to graunte obtemperer

to constrayne opprimer

to opose oposer

to wene oppiner

to oppresse oppresser

Page 952

to dare oser

to pray orer

to enoisel as a hauke oisiler

to warye ourdir

to worke ouurer

to open ouurir

to take awaye oster

to here ouir

to graunte ottroier

P

to forgyve pardonner

to prepare parer

to speke parler

to painte paindre

to forswere parjurer

to parforme parformer

to make an ende parfaire

to lese perdre

to passe passer

to perce percer

to perceyve percepuoir

to suffre permectre

to waye peser

to thynke penser

to do perpetrer

to perysshe pericliter

to synne pecher

to fysshe pescher

to preache prescher

to penetre or throwe penetrer

to presente presenter

to contynew preseruer

to lose perdre

to farte petter

to warantise pleuir

to bere porter

to thynke pourpenser

to walke pourmener

to prove prouuer

to wepe plourer

to dowke plonger

to lye down as a hore prostituer

to brynge forthe produire

to shuldre pousser

to powte poussir

to bowe ploier

to fole as a mare poulener

to pygge as a sowe pourceler

to sette planter

to playde plaider

to please plaire

to plane planer

to make even planier

to lay a thynge downe or to rest poser

to combe the hedde gn. pigner

to pysse pisser

Page 953

to prycke picquer

to stampe piller

to robbe ll. piller

to take awaye priuer

to banysshe prescripre

to presuppose presuposer

to beare perhiber

to defende prohiber

to procure procurer

to say before predire

to prayse priser

to make poudre pulueriser

to multiply as birdes pululler

to purchase purchasser

to polisshe as silver polire

to caste downe precipiter

to publysshe publier

to sounde pasmer

to complayne plaindre

to lade out water puiser

Q

to double furre quadrupler

to square quarer

to square quadrer

to stoupe quatir

to douke ou coitir

to sertche or demande querir

to pyke a quarell quereller

to begge as a pardoner quester

to move a questyon questionner

to begge quemander

to quyte quitter

to begge quoquiner

to play the fole quocarder

R

to bring lower rabaisser

to bate of a somme rabattre

to bring agayne ramener

to gyve yll wordes ramponer

to ravysshe rauir

to take away all raser

to raunsome ranconner

to overtake rataindre

to rake with a rake rateler

to rampe as a cat ramper

to remembre agayne ramenteuoir

to alowe it ratifier

to refresshe raffreschir

to recreate recre�r

to spyll respandre

to answere respondre

to rejoyce resjouir

to refuse refuser

to feare resuer

to reduce reduire

to refuce recuser

Page 954

to lament regretter

to restore rendre

to rebounde rebunder

to reprove reprouuer

to rest reposer

to grudge gn. recigner

to eate at after noon reciner

to restore restituer

to reherce recencer

to resygne resigner

to go backe reculer

to reforme refermer

to shave rere

to reherce referer

to releve releuer

to bewray reueler

to reherce reciter

to repete repeter

to repugne repugner

to revoke reuocquer

to restore in agayne restablir

to restrayne restraindre

to robbe rober

to cancre ll. rouiller

to stare ll. rouller

to role rouller

to snore ronfler

to gnawe ronger

to ruffle rouffler

to take all away riffler

to ryme rimer

to rowe rymer

to woe a woman rouuer

to speke in ones ere runer

to use subtilte ruser

to repete by him self ruminer

to strike agayne reuerberer

to shine resplendir

to rewarde remunerer

to reise agayn resouldre

to bye agayne racheter

S

to salte saller

to salute saluer

to lepe saulter

to ken scauoir

to blede saigner

to yelke sangloutir

to save sauluer

to tast sauuorer

to heale saner

to halowe sainctifier

to sacrify sacrifier

to wede yvel herbes sarcler

to grave sculper

to saciate saouler

to satisfie satisfaire

Page 955

to saw semer

to somme semondre

to serve seruir

to preche sermonner

to sojourne sojourner

to devide segreger

to devyde separer

to gyve jugement sentencier

to signe signer

to sporte solager

to suffre souffrir

to suspecte soupeconner

to sawe soier

to wysshe souhaiter

to overcome sourmonter

to subdue soubmectre

to dreame songer

to slombre sommeiller

to assoyle souldre

to syghe soupirer

to beare or staye soubstenir

to remembre souuenir

to come sodenly souruenir

to swete suer

to set seoir

to sowke sucher

to folow suiuir

to succede succeder

to take sodenly surprendre

to ayde suffulter

to rone over suronder

to soupe soupper

to kare soucier

to surname sournommer

to helpe up sustenter

to strayne serrer

to flater sugerer

to over wene surcuider

to be sodenly afraide soursaillir

to suffice suppeter

to withdrawe soubstraire

to begyle suplanter

to calcule or nombre supputer

to be delygent songnier

T

to blot or spote tacher

to go about tacer

to tabure tabourer

to prike with heles tallonner

to syfte tamisser

to dye taindre

to dresse ledder tanner

to pike quarel tarier

to grope or taste taster

to taxe taxer

to cut ll. tailler

to taxe tausser

Page 956

to bende or go about tendre

to shere tondre

to ley a tente tenter

to tempte tenter

to abide temporiser

to make besynesse tempester

to tempre temprer

to holde tenir

to make one wery tenner

to vade ternir

to ende terminer

to karve trancher

to chide tencer

to plat heres trescher

to draw tirer

to styrre the fyre tiser

to dresse a woman tiffer

to clyppe heares touser

to tourne tourner

to swepe torcher

to bete torcer

to take away tollir

to medle ll. touller

to coughe toussir

to wip teurdre

to traite traiter

to go overthwarde trauerser

to forshape transmuer

to trace, as a hare trac�r

to strike or blot out trac�r

to sounde transir

to sende transmectre

to transporte transporter

to betray trahir

to tremble trembler

to draw trainer

to find trouuer

to travayle ll. trauailler

to begyle tromper

to trusse trousser

to cut in gobettes tronchonner

to falle tumber

to kylle tuer

to mocke trouffer

to tormente tourmenter

to just or fyght tournoier

to begge truander

to go thorow trespercher

to expownde tropographer

to drawe or to milke a cowe traire

to crye crier

U

to varye uaciller

to vayncquysshe uaincre

to be worthe ualloir

to fanne corne uaner

to boste uanter

Page 957

to varye uarier

to be avenged uenger

to go aboute uacquer

to selle uendre

to comme uenir

to fysel uener

to uernysshe uernir

to boxe uentouser

to verifye uerifier

to make verses uersifier

to serche the uttermoste uentiler

to lye on the bely uentrouller

to fil the cup uerser

to make wynde uenter

to shyt the bolte uerrouller

to make grene uerdoier

to shame uergonder

to fysell uessir

all one uesner

to watche ll. uellier

to se ueoir

to muse uiser

to vysyte uiseter

to live uiure

to turne uirer

to shame uituperer

to pisse uriner

to put out uoyder

to devoure uorrer

to gather grapes uendenger

to make shadowe umbroier

Here consequently foloweth the conjugations wherof the fyrst shalbe tourned in one tens, synguler nombre and plurell, sixe and thirty maner awaye, every person sixe maner wayes, that is to say, the affyrmatyve thre wayes and the negatyve lykewise; as whan I say: I have, which is affyrmation or grauntyng, if ye do turne it, ye shall have, have I. And if ye put this worde, why, before it, ye shall have a questyon, as: why have I, and lykewyse of the negation or denying, whiche is, I have nat; turne it, ye have, have nat I: and puttyng why before it, ye have a question, whiche is: why have nat I. And in lyke maner thorowe every persone synguler and plurell; and so shall it be sixe and thirty wayes in one tens, and this rule is generall for every verbe.

Also there is another maner, whiche shall serve for every verbe lykewyse, and shalbe turned in one tens an hundred and eyght wayes, with thre pronownes, that is to say: me, the, hym.

Example for the fyrst persone: I have me, I have the, I have hym. And

Page 958

we tourne it, we shall have: have I me, have I the, have I hym. Than puttyng why before it, we shall have: Why have I me, why have I the, why have I hym; and this is nyne wayes in the affyrmatyve.

Nowe, if ye do lykewise in the negatyve, ye shall have other nyne wayes, as whan ye say: I have nat me, I have nat the, I have nat him, and tournyng it, ye have: have I nat me, have I nat the, have I nat hym; and puttyng why before, I have: why have nat I me, why have nat I the, why have nat I hym. And doynge lykewise of the seconde persone and the thyrde, and consequently with the plurell nombre, ye shall have syx tymes eightene variable and sondry wayes, which do amount to an hundred and viii wayes in one tense, and may be lykewise of every verbe; and if ye do take but the fyrste worde of every persone, ye shall have a syngle conjugacion, as: I have, thou hast, he hath: we have, ye have, they have, etc.

Page 959

Here after foloweth the fyrst conjugation whiche is sixe and thyrty wayes in the presente, and lykewyse of every preteryte and future, in every tense and mode, except all the imperatyves the present of the optatyves. And bycause we can nat specifye by our wordes any of our dedes, signyfyeng action, without this verbe (have) we shall begyn with the same, addyng to it a worde or two for to shewe an example, howe one may make dyverse and many sentences with one worde, and percon- sequent come shortely to the french speche.

Page 960

THE INDICATYVE PRESENT.

I have great desyre [Symbol: hand] jay grant desir

have I ay je

why have I pourquoy ay je

I have nat --- je nay pas

have nat I great desyre nay je pas grand desir

why have nat I pourquoy nay je pas

thou hast [Symbol: hand] tu as

hast thou good appetyte as tu bon appetit

why hast thou pourquoy as tu

thou hast nat --- tu nas pas

hast thou nat good appetyte nas tu pas bon appetit

why hast thou nat pourquoy nas tu pas

he hath [Symbol: hand] il a

hath he sorowe a il deul

why hath he pourquoy a il

he hath nat --- il na pas

hath he nat sorowe na il pas deul

why hath he nat pourquoy na il point

Page 961

THE PLURELL NOMBRE.

we have [Symbol: hand] nous auons

have we joye auons nous joie

why have we pourquoy auons nous

we have nat -- nous nauons mie

have nat we joye nauons nous mie joie

why have nat we pourquoy nauons nous mie

ye have [Symbol: hand] uous au�z

have ye right au�z uous droit

why have ye pourquoy au�z uous

ye have nat -- uous nau�z point

have ye nat right nau�z uous point droit

why have ye nat pourquoy nau�z uous point

they have [Symbol: hand] ilz ont

have they shame ont ilz honte

why have they pourquoy ont ilz

they have nat -- ilz nont pas

have they nat shame nont ilz pas honte

why have they nat pourquoy nont ilz pas

Page 962

THE PRETERIT IMPARFYTE.

I dyd have, or I was havyng, or I had [Symbol: hand] jauoy

why had I good hope pourquoy auoy je bonne esperance

I had nat -- je nauoy point

had nat I good hope nauoy je point bonne esperance

why had nat I pourquoy nauoy je pas

thou haddes [Symbol: hand] tu auois

haddest thou great feare auois tu belle peur

why haddest thou pourquoy auois tu

thou haddest nat -- tu nauois mie

haddest nat thou great feare nauois tu mie belle peur

why haddest nat thou pourquoy nauois tu mie

he dyd have or had [Symbol: hand] il auoit

had he understandyng auoit il entendement

why had he pourquoy auoit il

he had nat -- il nauoit pas

had nat he understandyng nauoit il pas entendement

why had nat he pourquoy nauoit il pas

Page 963

we had [Symbol: hand] nous auions

had we layser auions nous loisir

why had we pourquoy auions nous

we had nat -- nous nauions pas

had nat we layser nauions nous pas loisir

why had nat we pourquoy nauions nous pas

ye had [Symbol: hand] uous auiez

had ye wronge aui�z uous tort

why had ye pourquoy aui�s uous

ye had nat -- uous naui�z point

had nat ye wronge naui�z uous point tort

why had ye nat pourquoy naui�z uous pas

they had [Symbol: hand] ilz auoient

had they well sayd auoient ilz bien dit

why had they pourquoy auoient ilz

they had nat -- ilz nauoient pas

had they nat well sayd nauoient ilz pas bien dit

why had they nat pourquoy nauoient ilz pas

Page 964

THE PRETERIT PARFYTE.

I had [Symbol: hand] je eus

had I fayre pastyme eus je beau passe temps

why had I pourquoy eus je

I had nat -- je neus pas

had nat I fayre pastyme neus je pas beau passe temps

why had nat I pourquoy ne eus je pas

thou haddest [Symbol: hand] tu eus

haddest thou moche a do eus tu a besongnier

why haddest thou pourquoy eus tu

thou haddest nat -- tu neus point

haddest nat thou moche a do neus tu point a besongnier

why haddest nat thou pourquoy neus tu point

he had [Symbol: hand] il eust

had he that that he sought eust il ce quil cerchoit

why had he pourquoy eust il

he had nat -- il neust pas

had nat he that that he sought neust il pas ce quil cerchoit

why had nat he pourquoy neust il pas

Page 965

we had [Symbol: hand] nous eusmes

had we good corage eusmes nous bon courage

why had we pourquoy eusmes nous

we had nat -- nous neusmes pas

had nat we good corage neusmes nous pas bon courage

why had nat we pourquoy neusmes nous pas

ye had [Symbol: hand] uous eustes

had ye the prise eustes uous le pris

why had ye pourquoy eustes uous

ye had nat -- uous neustes pas

had nat ye the prise neustes uous pas le pris

why had nat ye pourquoy neustes vous pas

they had [Symbol: hand] ilz eurent

had they the aduauntage eurent ilz laduantage

why had they pourquoy eurent ilz

they had nat -- ilz neurent pas

had they nat the aduauntage neurent ilz pas laduantage

why had they nat pourquoy neurent ilz pas

Page 966

I have had [Symbol: hand] jay eu

have I had to drinke ay je eu a boire

why have I had pourquoy ay je eu

I have nat had -- je nay pas eu

have nat I had to drinke nay je pas eu a boire

why have nat I had pourquoy nay je pas eu

thou hast had [Symbol: hand] tu as eu

hast thou had thurst as tu eu soif

why hast thou had pourquoy as tu eu

thou hast nat had -- tu nas pas eu

hast thou nat had thurst nas tu pas eu soif

why hast thou nat had pourquoy nas tu pas eu

he hath had [Symbol: hand] il a eu

hath he had to eate a il eu a manger

why hath he had pourquoy a il eu

he hath nat had -- il na pas eu

hath he nat had to eate na il pas eu a manger

why hath he nat had pourquoy na il pas eu

Page 967

we have had [Symbol: hand] nous auons eu

have we had patience auons nous eu pacience

why have we had pourquoy auons nous eu

we have nat had -- nous nauons pas eu

have we nat had pacyence nauons nous pas eu pacience

why have we nat had pourquoy nauons nous pas eu

ye have had [Symbol: hand] uous auez eu

have ye had nede au�z uous eu necessite

why have ye had pourquoy au�z uous eu

ye have nat had -- uous nau�z pas eu

have ye nat had nede nau�z uous pas eu necessite

why have ye nat had pourquoy nau�z uous pas eu

they have had [Symbol: hand] ilz ont eu

have they had their wages ont ilz eu leur gages

why have they had pourquoy ont ilz eu

they have nat had -- ilz nont pas eu

have they nat had their wages nont ilz pas eu leur gages

why have they nat had pourquoy nont ilz pas eu

Page 968

THE PRETERIT MOST PARFYTE.

I had had [Symbol: Hand] jauoy eu

had I had the payne auoy je eu la paine

why had I had pourquoy auoy je eu

I had nat had -- je nauoy pas eu

had nat I had the payne nauoy je pas eu la paine

why had nat I had pourquoy nauoy je pas eu

thou haddest had [Symbol: hand] tu auois eu

haddest thou had profyte auois tu eu prouffit

why haddest thou had pourquoy auois tu eu

thou haddest nat had -- tu nauois pas eu

haddest thou nat had profyte nauois tu pas eu prouffit

why haddest thou nat had pourquoy nauois tu pas eu

he had had [Symbol: hand] il auoit eu

had he had damage auoit il eu domage

why had he had pourquoy auoit il eu

he had nat had -- il nauoit pas eu

had he nat had damage nauoit il pas eu domage

why had nat he had pourquoy nauoit il pas eu

Page 969

we had had [Symbol: hand] nous auions eu

had we had wynnyng auions nous eu gagnage

why had we had pourquoy auions nous eu

we had nat had -- nous nauions pas eu

had we nat had wynnyng nauions nous pas eu gagnage

why had we nat had pourquoy nauions nous pas eu

ye had had [Symbol: hand] uous aui�z eu

had ye had losse aui�z uous eu perte

why had ye had pourquoy aui�z uous eu

ye had nat had -- uous naui�z pas eu

had ye nat had losse naui�z uous pas eu perte

why had ye nat had pourquoy naui�z uous pas eu

they had had [Symbol: hand] ilz auoient eu

had they had their pleasure auoient ilz eu leur plaisir

why had they had pourquoy auoient ilz eu

they had nat had -- ilz nauoient pas eu

had they nat had their pleasure nauoient ilz pas eu leur plaisir

why had they nat had pourquoy nauoient ilz pas eu

Page 970

THE FUTURE.

I shall have [Symbol: hand] je aray

shall I have better fortune aray je meilleur fortune

why shall I have pourquoy aray je

I shall nat have -- je naray pas

shall nat have I better fortune naray je pas meilleur fortune

why shall nat I have pourquoy naray je pas

thou shalte have [Symbol: hand] tu aras

shalte thou have moche a do aras tu bien a faire

why shalte thou have pourquoy aras tu

thou shalte nat have -- tu naras pas

shalte thou nat have moche a do naras tu pas bien a faire

why shalte thou nat have pourquoy naras tu pas

he shall have [Symbol: hand] il ara

shall he have a strawe ara il ung festu

why shall he have pourquoy ara il

he shall nat have -- il nara pas

shall he nat have a strawe nara il pas ung festu

why shall he nat have pourquoy nara il pas

Page 971

we shall have [Symbol: hand] nous arons

shall we have that that we wene arons nous ce que nous cuidons

why shall we have pourquoy arons nous

we shall nat have -- nous narons pas

shall we nat have that that we wene narons nous pas ce que nous cuidons

why shall we nat have pourquoy narons nous pas

ye shall have [Symbol: hand] uous ar�z

shall ye have your purpose ar�z uous uostre purpose

why shall ye have pourquoy ar�z uous

ye shall nat have -- uous nar�z point

shall ye nat have your purpose nar�z uous point vostre purpose

why shall nat ye have pourquoy nar�z uous point

they shall have [Symbol: hand] ilz aront

shall they have the goyng for the comming aront ilz laler pour le uenir

why shall they have pourquoy aront ilz

they shall nat have -- ilz naront pas

shall they nat have the going for the commyng naront ilz pas laler pour le uenir

why shall they nat have pourquoy naront ilz pas

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THE IMPARATYVE WHICHE IS SYNGLE.

Have thou selfe, have the selfe, have he Ay tu mesme, ay toi mesme, ayt il,

Have him, have she.--have we, have ye. Ayt celuy, ayt celle.--aions nous, ai�z uous.

Have they. Aient ceulz, ou celles.

Loke that thou have, that he have, that we have, that ye have, that they have. Garde que tu aye, quil ait, que nous aions, que uous ai�z, quilz aient.

THE SECONDE FUTURE NEGATYVE.

Do that thou have nat, do that he have nat, do that we have nat, that ye have nat, Fais que tu naye point, quil nait pas, que nous naions mie, que uous nai�z pas,

that they have nat. quilz naient pas.

The optatyve whiche is syngle lykewyse, the which shall serve for a future, with an addicion of the tyme to come, as tantost or demain, etc.

I praye you that I have, that thou have, that he have, Je uous prie que jaye, que tu aie, quil ayt,

With my wyll that we have, that ye have, that they have. A ma uoullent� que nous ayons, que uous ai�z, quilz aient.

The preterit imparfyte, whiche may serve lykewyse for the present, after the olde grammer.

Wolde God that I had, that thou hadest, that he had. Pleust a Dieu que je eusse, que tu eusse, quil eust.

Wolde God that we had, that ye had, that they had. Pleust a Dieu que nous eussions, que uous eussi�z, quilz eussent.

Wolde to God that I have had, that thou, that he. A ma uoullent� que jaye eu, que tu aie eu, quil ait eu.

Wolde to God that we have had, that ye have had, that they have had. A ma uoullent� que nous aions eu, que uous aiez eu, quilz aient eu.

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O if we had had, ye had had, they had had. O sy nous eussions eu, uous eussi�s eu, ilz eussent eu.

The subjunctyve is lyke the optatyve save the future sayeng, comme or quant.

O if I had had, thou hadest had, he had had. O sy jeusse eu, tu eusse eu, il eust eu.

I have jaye

thou have of custome Comme tu aye de coustome

he have il ayt

we have, ye have they have. Comme nous aions, uous ai�z, ilz ayent.

THE PRETERITE IMPARFYTE.

As I had or dyd have, as thou haddest, as he had, Comme jeusse ou jauois, comme tu eusses ou auois, comme il eust ou auoit,

As we had or dyd have, as ye had, comme nous eussons ou auions, comme uous euss�z ou auy�s

as they had. comme ilz eussent ou auoient.

THE PRETERITE PARFYTE.

As I have had, as thou hast had, as he hath had, as we have had, Comme jaye eu, comme tu aye eu, comme il ayt eu, comme nous ayons eu,

as ye have had, as they have had. comme uous ay�z eu, comme ilz ay�nt eu.

THE PRETERITE PLUSPARFYTE.

If I had had, if thou hadest had, if he had had, if we had had, if ye had Se jeusse eu, se tu eusse eu, se il eust eu, se nous eussions eu, se uous eussiez

had, if they had had. eu, se ilz eussent eu.

The fyrst future, which may be tourned XXXVI maner of wayes as the indicatyve.

As I shulde have, thou he we Comme jaroie, tu arois, il aroit, nous arions,

ye shulde have, they shulde have. uous ariez, ilz aroient.

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THE SECONDE FUTURE.

So that I have, that thou have, that he have, that we have, that ye have, that they have. Mais que jaye, que tu aye, quil ayt, que nous aions, que vous ayes, quilz ayent.

THE INFINITIF.

To have. Auoir.

THE PRETERIT. To have had. Auoir eu.

GERUNDIVES. To have, for to have, in havynge. Dauoir, pour auoir, en ayant.

THE OVERTHROWEN or I you wolde had, I you desire had. SUPINS. Je uous uouldroie eu, je vous desire eu.

And thus endeth the conjugation of this verbe, have.

Here foloweth a conjugation of an hundred and eight wayes in one tence onely, wher ye shall reherce twise the interrogatyves of bothe the affirmatyve and negatyve: the fyrst tyme as it standeth written, and the seconde tyme, puttinge outher why or howe before it.

THE FYRST PERSONE.

I knowe me, I knowe the, I knowe hym. Je me congnoy, je te congnoy, je le congnoy.

Why knowe I me, why knowe I the, why knowe I hym. Pourquoy me congnoy je, pourquoy te congnoy je, pourquoy le congnoy je.

I knowe nat me, I knowe nat the, I knowe nat hym. Je ne me congnoy pas, je ne te congnoy pas, je ne le congnoy pas

Howe knowe nat I me, howe knowe nat I the, howe knowe nat I hym. Come ne me congnoy je pas, come ne te congnoy je pas, come ne le congnoy je pas.

THE SECOND PERSONE.

Thou knowest me, thou the, thou him. Tu me congnois, tu te congnois, tu le congnois.

How knowest thou me, how thou the, howe thou hym. Come me congnois tu, come te congnoys tu, come le congnoys tu.

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Thou knowest nat me, thou nat the, thou nat hym. Tu ne me congnois pas, tu ne te congnois pas, tu ne le congnois pas.

Howe knowest thou nat me, howe thou nat the, howe thou nat hym. Come ne me congnoys tu pas, come ne te congnois tu pas, come ne le congnois tu pas.

THE THIRDE PERSON.

He knewe me, he the, he him. Il me congnoit, il te congnoit, il le congnoit.

Howe knewe he me, howe he the, howe he him. Come me congnoit il, come te congnoit il, come le congnoit il.

He knewe nat me, he nat the, he nat him. Il ne me congnoit pas, il ne te congnoyt pas, il ne le congnoit pas.

How knewe nat he me, howe nat he the, howe nat he him. Come ne me congnoit il pas, come ne te congnoit il pas, come ne le congnoit il pas.

THE PLUREL NOMBRE.

We knowe us, we you, we them. Nous nous congnoissons, nous uous congnoissons, nous les congnoissons.

How know we us, how we you, how we them. Come nous cognoissons nous, come uous cognoissons nous, come les cognoissons nous.

We know us nat, we you nat, we them nat. Nous ne nous cognoissons pas, nous ne uous cognoissons pas, nous ne les cognoissons pas.

Why do we nat know us, why do we nat you, Pourquoy ne nous cognoissons nous pas, pourquoy ne uous cognoissons nous pas,

why do we nat them. pourquoy ne les congnoissons nous pas.

THE SECONDE PERSONE.

Ye us know, ye you know, ye them know. Uous nous cognoiss�s, uous uous cognoiss�s, uous les congnoiss�s.

Howe know ye us, how you us, how they us. Come nous congnoiss�s uous, come uous congnoiss�s uous, come les congnoiss�s uous.

Ye know us nat, ye you nat, you them nat. Uous ne nous congnoiss�s pas, uous ne uous congnoiss�s pas, uous ne les congnoiss�s pas.

How know ye nat us, how ye nat you, how ye nat them. Come ne nous cognoiss�s uous pas, come ne uous congnoiss�s uous pas, come ne les cognoiss�s uous pas.

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THE THYRDE PERSONE.

They know us, they you, they them. Ilz nous congnoissent, ilz uous congnoissent, ilz les congnoissent.

How know they us, how they you, how they them. Come nous congnoissent ilz, come uous congnoissent ilz, come les congnoissent ilz.

They dyd nat know us, they dyd nat you, they dyd nat them. Ilz ne nous cognoissent pas, ilz ne uous congnoissent pas, ilz ne les congnoissent pas.

How know they nat us, how they nat you, howe they nat them. Come ne nous cognoissent ilz pas, come ne uous cognoissent ilz pas, come ne les cognoissent ilz pas.

THE PRETERIT IMPARFET.

I dyd know me, I dyd the, I dyd him. Je me cognoissoie, je te cognoissoie, je le cognoissoie.

How dyd I know me, how dyd I the, how dyd I him. Come je me cognoissoye je, come te cognoissoie je, come le cognoissoie je.

I dyd nat knowe me, I dyd nat the, I dyd nat him. Je ne me cognoissoie pas, je ne te congnoissoie pas, je ne le congnoissoie pas.

Why dyd nat I know me, how dyd I nat you, how dyd nat I him. Pourquoy ne me cognoissoie je pas, pourquoy ne te cognoissoie je pas, pourquoy ne le congnoissoie je pas.

Thou dydest knew me, thou dydest the, thou dydest him. Tu me cognoissois, tu te cognoissois, tu le cognoissois.

How dydest thou know me, howe dydest thou the, how dydest thou him. Come me cognoissois tu, come te cognoissois tu, come le congnoissois tu.

Thou dydest nat know me, thou dydest nat the, thou dydest nat him. Tu ne me cognoissois pas, tu ne te cognoissois pas, tu ne le cognoissois pas.

How dydest thou nat know me, how dydest thou nat the, how dydest thou nat him. Come ne me congnoissois tu pas, come ne te congnoissois tu pas, come ne le congnoissois tu pas.

He dyd know me, he dyd the, he dyd hym. Il me cognoissoit, il te cognoissoit, il le cognoissoit.

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Howe dyd he knowe me, how dyd he the, Come me cognoissoit il, come te cognoissoit il, howe dyd he hym. come le congnoissoit il.

He dyd nat knowe me, he dyd nat the, he dyd nat Il ne me cognoissoit pas, il ne te cognoissoit pas, il ne hym. le cognoissoit pas.

How dyd nat he know me, howe dyd nat he the, Come ne me congnoissoit il pas, come ne te congnoissoit il pas, how dyd nat he him. come ne le congnoissoit il pas.

We dyd knowe us, we dyd you, Nous nous congnoissions, nous uous congnoissions, we dyd them. nous les congnoissions.

Howe dyd we knowe us, howe dyd we you, Come nous congnoissions nous, come uous congnoissions nous, how dyd we them. come les congnoissions nous.

We dyd nat know us, we dyd nat you, Nous ne nous congnoissions pas, nous ne uous congnoissions pas, we dyd nat them. nous ne les congnoissions pas.

Why dyd nat we know us, Pourquoy ne nous congnoissions nous pas, why dyd nat we know you, pourquoy ne uous cognoissions nous pas, why dyd nat we know them. pourquoy ne les congnoissions nous pas.

Ye dyd knowe us, ye dyd knowe you, ye dyd knowe them. Uous nous cognoiss�s, uous uous cognoiss�s, uous les cognoiss�s.

Howe dyd ye knowe us, howe dyd ye knowe you, Come nous cognoiss�s uous, come uous cognoiss�s uous, how dyd ye know them. come les congnoiss�s uous.

Ye dyd nat know us, ye dyd nat know you,. Uous ne nous congnoiss�s pas, uous ne uous cognoiss�s pas, ye dyd nat know them uous ne les congnoiss�s pas.

Howe dyd ye nat knowe us, how dyd ye nat know you, Come ne nous cognoiss�s uous pas, come ne uous cognoiss�s uous pas, how dyd ye nat know them. come ne les cognoiss�s uous pas.

They dyd know us, they dyd you, they dyd them. Ilz nous cognoissoient, ilz uous cognoissoient, ilz les cognoissoient.

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How dyd they know us, how dyd they you, Come nous congnoissoient ilz, come uous congnoissoient ilz, how dyd they them. come les cognoissoient ilz.

They dyd nat know us, they dyd nat you, Ilz ne nous cognoissoient pas, ilz ne uous cognoissoient pas, they dyd nat them, ilz ne les cognoissoient pas.

How dyd they nat know us, how dyd they nat you, Come ne nous cognoissoient ilz pas, come ne uous cognoissoient ilz pas, how dyd they nat them, come ne les cognoissoient ilz pas.

THE PRETERIT PARFET.

I knew me, I the, I him. Je me cogneus, je le cogneus, je le cogneus.

How knew I me, how I the, how I him. Come me cogneus je, come te cogneus je, come le cogneus je.

I knewe nat me, I nat the, I nat him. Je ne me cogneus pas, je ne le cogneus pas, je ne le congneus pas.

Howe knew nat I me, howe nat I the, Come ne me cogneus je pas, come ne te congneus je pas, howe nat I him. come ne le cogneus je pas.

THE SECONDE PARSONE.

Thou knewest me, thou the, thou him. Tu me cogneus, tu te cogneus, tu le cogneus.

Why knewest the me, why the the, why the him. Pourquoy me cogneus tu, pourquoy te cogneus tu, pourquoy le cogneus tu.

Thou knewest nat me, thou nat the, thou nat him. Tu ne me cogneus pas, tu ne te cogneus pas, tu ne le cogneus pas.

How knewest thou nat me, how thou nat the, Come ne me cogneus tu pas, come ne te congneus tu pas, how thou nat him. come ne le cogneus tu pas.

He knew me, he the, he him. Il me congneut, il te congneut, il le cogneut.

How knew he me, how he the, how he him. Come me cogneut il, come te cogneut il, come le cogneut il.

He knew nat me, he nat the, he nat him. Il ne me congneut pas, il ne le congneut pas, il ne le cogneut pas.

Why knew nat he me, why nat he the, Pourquoy ne me cogneut il pas, pourquoy ne te cogneut il pas, why nat he him. pourquoy ne le cogneut il pas.

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THE PLURELL NOMBRE.

We knew us, we you, we them. Nous nous cogneusmes, nous uous cogneusmes, nous les cogneusmes.

How knew we us, how we you, Come nous cogneusmes nous, come uous cogneusmes nous, how we them. come les cogneusmes nous.

We knew nat us, we nat you, Nous ne nous cogneusmes pas, nous ne uous cogneusmes pas, we nat them. nous ne les cogneusmes pas.

How knew we nat us, how we nat you, Come ne nous cogneusmes nous pas, come ne uous cogneusmes nous pas, how we nat them. come ne les cogneusmes nous pas.

Ye knew us, ye you, ye them. Uous nous cogneustes, uous uous cogneustes, uous les cogneustes.

How knew ye us, how ye you, Come nous cogneustes uous, come uous cogneustes uous, how ye them. come les cogneustes uous.

Ye knew nat us, ye nat you, Uous ne nous congneustes pas, uous ne uous congneustes pas, ye nat them. uous ne les cogneustes pas.

How knew ye nat us, how ye nat you, Come ne nous cogneustes uous pas, come ne uous cogneustes uous pas, how ye nat them. come ne les cogneustes uous pas.

They knew us, they you, they them. Ilz nous cogneurent, ilz uous cogneurent, ilz les cogneurent.

How knew they us, how they you, Come nous cogneurent ilz, come uous cogneurent ilz, how they them. come les cogneurent ilz.

They knewe nat us, they nat you, Ilz ne nous congneurent pas, ilz ne uous congneurent pas, they nat them. ilz ne les cogneurent pas.

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Howe knewe they nat us, how they nat you, Come ne nous cogneurent ilz pas, come ne uous cogneurent ilz pas, how they nat them. come ne les cogneurent ilz pas.

THE PRETERIT INDIFFINITIF.

I have knowen me, I have the, I have him. Je may cogneu, je tay cogneu, je lay cogneu.

How have I knowen me, how have I the, howe have I him. Come may je cogneu, come tay je congneu, come lay je cogneu.

How have nat I knowen me, how have nat I the, Come ne may je pas congneu, come ne tay je pas cogneu, how have nat I him. come ne lay je pas cogneu.

THE SECONDE PERSONE.

Thou hast knowen me, thou hast the, thou hast him. Tu mas cogneu, tu te as cogneu, tu las cogneu.

How hast thou knowen me, how hast thou the, how hast thou him. Come mas tu congneu, come tas tu congneu, come las tu cogneu.

Thou hast nat knowen me, thou hast nat the, thou hast nat him. Tu ne mas pas cogneu, tu ne tas pas cogneu, tu ne las pas cogneu.

How hast nat thou knowen me, how hast nat thou the, Come ne mas tu pas cogneu, come ne las tu pas cogneu, how hast nat thou him. come ne las tu pas cogneu.

He hath knowen me, he hath the, he hath him, Il ma congneu, il ta congneu, il la congneu.

How hath he knowen me, how hath he the, how hath he him. Come ma il cogneu, come ta il cogneu, come la il cogneu.

He hath nat knowen me, he hath nat the, he hath nat him. Il ne ma pas congneu, il ne ta pas congneu, il ne la pas congneu.

How hath nat he knowen me, how hath nat he the, Come ne ma il pas cogneu, come ne ta il pas cogneu, how hath nat he him. come ne la il pas cogneu.

We have knowen us, we have you, we have them. Nous nous auons cogneu, nous uous auons cogneu, nous les auons cogneu.

Howe have we knowen us, how have we you, Come nous auons nous cogneu, come uous auons nous cogneu, how have we them. come les auons nous cogneu.

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We have nat knowen us, we have nat you, Nous ne nous auons pas cogneu, nous ne nous auons pas cogneu, we have nat them. nous ne les auons pas cogneu.

How have we nat knowen us, how have we nat you, Come ne nous auons nous pas cogneu, come ne uous auons nous pas cogneu, how have we nat them. come ne les auons nous pas cogneu.

Ye have knowen us, ye have you, ye have knowen them. Uous nous aues cogneu, uous uous aues cogneu, uous les aues cogneu.

Howe have ye knowen us, have ye you, Come nous aues uous cogneu, come uous aues uous cogneu, have ye them. come les aues uous cogneu.

Ye have nat knowen us, ye have nat you, Uous ne nous aues pas cogneu, uous ne uous aues pas cogneu, ye have nat them. uous ne les aues pas cogneu.

How have nat you knowen us, how have nat ye you, Come ne nous aues uous pas congneu, come ne uous aues uous pas congneu, how have nat ye them. come ne les aues uous pas cogneu.

They have knowen me, they have you, they have them. Ilz me ont cogneu, ilz te ont cogneu, ilz les ont cogneu.

How have they knowen me, how have they the, Come mont ilz cogneu, come te ont ilz cogneu, how have they them. come les ont ilz cogneu.

They have nat knowen me, they have nat you, Ilz ne mont pas cogneu, ilz ne tont pas cogneu, they have nat them. ilz ne les ont pas cogneu.

How have they nat knowen me, how have they nat you, Come ne mont ilz pas cogneu, come ne tont ilz pas cogneu, how have they nat them. come ne les ont ilz pas cogneu.

THE PRETERIT PLUS PARFET.

I had knowen me, I had the, I had him. Je mauoy cogneu, je tauoy cogneu, je lauoy cogneu.

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How had I knowen me, how had I the, how had I him. Come mauoy je cogneu, come tauoy je cogneu, come lauoy je cogneu.

I had nat knowen me, I had nat the, Je ne mauoy pas congneu, je ne tauoy pas cogneu, I had nat him. je ne lauoy pas cogneu.

How had nat I knowen me, how had nat I the, Come ne mauoy je pas cogneu, come ne tauoy je pas cogneu, how had nat I him. come ne lauoy je pas cogneu.

THE SECONCE PERSONE.

Thou hadest knowen me, thou hadest the, thou hadest him. Tu mauoys cogneu, tu tauoys cogneu, tu lauoys congneu.

How hadest thou knowen me, how hadest thou the, Come mauoys tu cogneu, come tauoys tu cogneu, how hadest thou him. come lauoys tu cogneu.

Thou hadest nat knowen me, thou hadest nat the, Tu ne mauoys pas cogneu, tu ne tauoys pas cogneu, thou hadest nat him. tu ne lauoys pas cogneu.

How hadest thou nat knowen me, how hadest thou nat the, Come ne mauois tu pas cogneu, come ne tauoys tu pas cogneu, how hadest thou nat him. come ne lauoys tu pas cogneu.

He had knowen me, he had the, he had him. Il mauoit cogneu, il tauoit cogneu, il lavoit cogneu.

How had he knowen me, how had he the, how had he him. Come mauoit il cogneu, come tauoyt il cogneu, come lauoyt il cogneu.

He had nat knowen me, he had nat the, Il ne mauoit pas cogneu, il ne tauoyt pas cogneu, he had nat him. il ne lauoyt pas cogneu.

How had nat he knowen me, how had nat he the, Come ne mauoyt il pas cogneu, come ne tauoit il pas cogneu, how had nat he him. come ne lavoit il pas cogneu.

We had knowen us, we had you, Nous nous auions cogneu, nous uous auions cogneu, we had him. nous les auious cogneu.

How had we knowen us, how had we you, Come nous auions nous cogneu, come uous auions nous cogneu, how had we them. come les auions nous cogneu.

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We had nat knowen us, we had nat you, Nous ne nous auions pas cogneu, nous ne uous auions pas cogneu, we had nat them. nous ne les auions pas cogneu.

Howe had nat we knowen us, Come ne nous auions nous pas cogneu, how had nat we you, come ne uous auions nous pas cogneu, how had nat we them. come ne les auions nous pas cogneu.

Ye had knowen us, ye had you, ye had them. Uous nous auies cogneu, uous uous auies cogneu, uous les auies cogneu.

How had ye knowen us, how had ye you, Come nous auies uous cogneu, come uous auiez nous cogneu, how had ye them. come les auies uous cogneu.

Ye had nat knowen us, ye had nat you, Uous ne nous auies pas cogneu, uous ne uous auies pas cogneu, ye had nat them. uous ne les auies pas cogneu.

How had nat ye knowen me, how had nat ye you, Come ne nous auies uous pas cogneu, come ne les auies uous pas cogneu, how had nat ye them. come ne les auies uous pas cogneu.

They had knowen us, they had you, Ilz nous auoient cogneu, ilz uous auoient cogneu, they had them. ilz les auoient cogneu.

How had they knowen us, how had they you, Come nous auoient ilz cogneu, come uous auoient ilz cogneu, how had they them. come les auoient ilz cogneu.

They had nat knowen us, they had nat you, Ilz ne nous auoient pas cogneu, ilz ne uous auoient pas cogneu, they had nat them. ilz ne les auoient pas cogneu.

How had they nat knowen us, Come ne nous auoient ilz pas congneu, how had they nat you, come ne uous auoient ilz pas congneu, how had they nat them. come ne les auoient ilz pas cogneu.

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THE FUTURE.

I shall know me, I shall the, I shall him. Je me cognoistray, je te cognoistray, je le cognoistray.

How shall I know me, how shall I the, how shall I him. Come me cognoistray je, come te cognoistray je, come le cognoistray je.

I shall nat know me, I shall nat the, Je ne me congnoistray pas, je ne te congnoistray pas, I shall nat him. je ne le congnoistray pas.

How shall nat I know me, how shall nat I the, Come ne me cognoistray je pas, come ne te cognoistray je pas, how shall nat I him. come ne le cognoistray je pas.

Thou shalt know me, thou shall the, thou shalt him. Tu me cognoistras, tu te cognoistras, tu le cognoistras.

How shalt thou knowe me, how shalt thou the, Come me cognoistras tu, come te cognoistras tu, how shalt thou him. come le cognoistras tu.

Thou shalt nat knowe me, thou shalt nat the, Tu ne me cognoistras pas, tu ne te cognoistras pas, thou shalt nat him. tu ne le cognoistras pas.

How shalt thou nat knowe me, how shalt thou nat the, Come ne me cognoistras tu pas, come ne te cognoistras tu pas, how shall thou nat him. come ne le cognoistras tu pas.

THE THIRDE PERSONE.

He shall know me, he shall the, he shall him. Il me cognoistras, il te cognoistras, il le cognoistras.

How shall he knowe me, how shall he the, how shall he him. Come me cognoistra il, come te cognoistra il, come le cognoistra il.

He shall nat knowe me, he shall nat the, Il ne me cognoistras pas, il ne te cognoistras pas, he shall nat him. il ne le cognoistras pas.

How shall nat he knowe me, how shall nat he the, Come ne me cognoistra il pas, come ne te cognoistra il pas, how shall nat he him. come ne le cognoistra il pas.

We shall know us, we shall you, we shall them. Nous nous cognoistrons, nous uous cognoistrons, nous les cognoistrons.

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How shall we know us, how shall we you,

Come nous cognoistrons nous, come uous cognoistrons nous, how shall we them. come les cognoistrons nous.

We shall nat knowe us, we shall nat you, Nous ne nous cognoistrons pas, nous ne uous cognoistrons pas, we shall nat them. nous ne les cognoistrons pas.

How shall nat we knowe us, how shall nat we you, Come ne nous cognoistrons nous pas, come ne uous congnoistrons nous pas, how shall nat we them. come ne les congnoistrons nous pas.

Ye shall know us, ye shall you, ye shall them. Uous nous cognoistres, uous uous cognoistres, uous les cognoistres.

How shall ye know us, how shall ye you, Come nous cognoistres uous, come uous cognoistres uous, how shall ye them. come les cognoistres nous.

Ye shall nat knowe us, ye shall nat you, Uous ne nous cognoistres pas, uous ne uous cognoistres pas, ye shall nat them. uous ne les cognoistres pas.

How shall ye nat know us, how shall ye nat you, Come ne nous cognoistres uous pas, come ne uous cognoistres nous pas, how shall ye nat them. come ne les congnoistres uous pas.

THE THIRDE PARSONE.

They shall know us, they shall you, they shall them. Ilz nous cognoistront, ilz uous cognoistront, ilz les cognoistront.

How shall they know us, how shall they you, Come nous cognoistront ilz, come uous congnoistront ilz, how shall they them. come les congnoistront ilz.

They shall nat know us, they shall nat you, Ilz ne nous cognoistront pas, ilz ne uous cognoistront pas, they shall nat them. ilz ne les cognoistront pas.

How shall they nat know us, how shall they nat you, Come ne nous cognoistront ilz pas, come ne uous cognoistront ilz pas, how shall they nat them. come ne les cognoistront ilz pas.

Page 986

THE IMPERATYVE.

Know thou, know he or him, know we, know ye, Cognoys toi, cognoisse soy, cognoissons nous, cognoisses uous, know they. cognoissent eulz ou elles.

THE FUTURE.

Loke that thou know the, that he himselfe, Garde que tu te cognoisse, quil se cognoisse, that we know us, que nous nous cognoissons,

that ye you, that they themselfe. que uous uous cognoissez, quilz se cognoissent.

THE FUTUR NEGATYVE.

Do that thou knoweth nat, that he knoweth nat, that we knoweth nat, Faitz que tu ne cognoisse, quil ne cognoisse, que nous ne cognoissons,

that ye nat, that they nat. que uous ne cognoissez, quilz ne cognoissent.

THE OPTATIVE FUTUR.

I pray you that I may knowe, that thou know. Je uous prie que je congnoisse, que tu congnoisse, etc. lyke the imperatyve.

O yf I knew, yf thou, yf he, O se je cogneusse, se tu congneusse, se il cogneusse,

yf we knew, yf you, yf they knew. se nous cogneussions, se uous cogneussies, se ilz cogneussent.

With my wyll that I have knowen, that thou hast, that he hath, A ma uoullente que jaye cogneu, que tu aye cogneu, quil ayt cogneu,

that we have, that ye have, that they have knowen. que nous ayons cogneu, que uous ayez cogneu, quilz ayent cogneu.

Wold to God that I had knowen, that thou hadest, that he had, Pleust a Dieu que jeusse cogneu, que tu eusse cogneu, quil eust cogueu,

that we had, that ye had, that they had knowen. que nous eussions cogneu, que uous eussiez cogneu, quilz eussent cogneu.

Page 987

The subjunctive present and thre preterites is lyke the optative, puttyng before the verbe, ueu, or come, etc.

THE FYRST FUTURE OF THE CONJUNCTYVE.

Whan I shall knowe, thou shall, he shall know: Mais que je cognoisse, que tu, quil cognoisse;

we shall, ye shall, they shall know. que nous cognoissons, que uous cognoisses, quilz cognoissent.

THE SECONDE FUTURE.

Whan I shulde knowe, thou shulde, he shulde: Quant je cognoistroye, que tu cognoistrois, quil cognoistroit:

we shulde, ye shulde, they shuld know. que nous cognoistrions, que uous cognoistriez, quilz cognoistroient.

to know. to have knowen. THE INFINITIVE, cognoistre. THE PRETERIT, auoir cogneu. to know, THE GERUNDIF, a cognoistre,

for to knowe, in knowyng. pour cognoistre, en cognoissant.

I the wyshe THE SUPIN or OVERTHROWEN, je te souhaite

knowen. cogneu.

And so ende this conjugation.

Here doth folowe the conjugation of this verbe am, the which is as an instrument wherby we do expresse by our wordes all verbes passives, fewe except, and all that we do suffre, the whiche may be turned lyke the verbe precedent, as je me, je te, je le suis. But for to eschewe prolixite, we shal tourne him but VI maner ways in every persone.

I am, why am I. Je suis, pourquoy suis je.

I am nat, why am nat I. Je ne suis pas, come ne suis je pas.

Thou arte, why art thou. Tu es, come es tu.

Thou art nat, why art nat thou. Tu nes pas, pourquoy nes tu pas.

Page 988

He is, why is he. Il est, pourquoy est il.

He is nat, why is he nat. Il nest pas, come nest il pas.

We be, why be we. Nous somes, pourquoy somes nous.

We be nat, why be nat we. Nous ne somes pas, pourquoy ne somes nous pas.

Ye be, why be ye. Uous estes, pourquoy estes uous.

Ye be nat, why be ye nat. Uous nestes pas, pourquoy nestes uous pas.

They be, why be they. Ilz sont, pourquoy sont ilz.

They be nat, why be nat they. Ilz ne sont pas, pourquoy ne sont ilz pas.

THE PRETERIT IMPARFET.

Note that the preterit imperfet and perfet have but one exposicion in this verbe.

I was nat, why was nat I. Je nestoy pas, pourquoy nestoy je pas.

I was beyng, why was I. Jestoie, pourquoy estoye je.

Thou was, why was thou. Tu estois, pourquoy estois tu.

Thou was nat, why was nat thou. Tu nestois pas, pourquoy nestois tu pas.

He was, why was he, Il estoit, pourquoy estoit il.

He was nat, why was nat he. Il nestoit pas, pourquoy nestoit il pas.

THE PLURELL NOMBRE.

We were, why were we. Nous estions, pourquoy estions nous.

We were nat, why were we nat. Nous nestions pas, pourquoy nestions nous pas.

Page 989

Ye were, why were ye. Uous estiez, pourquoy estiez uous.

Ye were nat, why were ye nat. Uous nestiez pas, pourquoy nestiez uous pas.

They were, why were they. Ilz estoient, pourquoi estoient ilz.

They were nat, why were they nat. Ilz nestoient pas, pourquoy nestoient ilz pas.

THE PRETERIT PARFET.

I was, why was I. Je fus, pourquoy fus je.

I was nat, why was nat I. Je ne fus point, pourquoy ne fus je point.

Thou was, why was thou. Tu fus, pourquoy fus tu.

Thou was nat, why was nat thou. Tu ne fus pas, pourquoy ne fus tu pas.

He was, why was he. Il fust, pourquoy fust il.

He was nat, why was nat he. Il ne fust pas, pourquoy ne fust il pas.

We were, why were we. Nous fusmes, pourquoy fusmes nous.

We were nat, why were nat we. Nous ne fusmes pas, pourquoy ne fusmes nous pas.

Ye were, why were ye. Uous fustes, pourquoy fustes uous.

Ye were nat, why were nat ye. Uous ne fustes pas, pourquoy ne fustes uous pas.

They were nat, why were they nat. Ilz ne furent pas, pourquoy ne furent ilz pas.

THE PRETERIT INDIFINITYF.

I have ben, why have I ben. Jay est�, pourquoy ay je est�.

990

I have nat ben, why have nat I ben. Je nay pas est�, pourquoy nay je pas est�.

Thou hast ben, why hast thou ben. Tu as est�, pourquoy as tu est�.

Thou hast nat ben, why hast nat thou ben. Tu nas pas est�, pourquoy nas tu pas est�.

He hath ben, why hath he ben. Il a est�, pourquoy a il est�.

He hath nat ben, why hath nat he ben. Il na pas est�, pourquoy na il pas est�.

We have ben, why have we ben. Nous auons est�, pourquoy auons nous est�.

We have nat ben, why have we nat ben. Nous nauons pas est�, pourquoy nauons nous pas est�.

Ye have ben, why have ye ben. Uous auez est�, pourquoy au�s-uous est�.

Ye have nat ben, why have nat ye ben. Uous nau�s pas est�, pourquoy nau�s uous pas est�.

They have ben, why have they ben. Ilz ont est�, pourquoy ont ilz est�.

They have nat ben, why have nat they ben. Ilz nont pas est�, pourquoy nont ilz pas est�.

THE PRETERIT MOST PARFET.

I had ben, why had I ben. Jauoy est�, come auoy je est�.

I had nat ben, why had nat I ben. Je nauoys pas est�, come nauoy je pas est�.

Thou hadest ben, why hadest thou ben. Tu auoys est�, come auois tu est�.

Thou hadest nat ben, why hadest nat thou ben. Tu nauois pas est�, come nauois tu pas est�.

He had nat ben, why had nat he ben. Il nauoit pas est�, come nauoit il pas est�.

Page 991

THE PLURELL NOMBRE.

We had ben, why had we ben. Nous auions est�, pourquoy auions nous est�.

We had nat ben, why had nat we ben. Nous nauions pas est�, pourquoy nauions nous pas est�.

Ye had ben, why had ye ben. Uous auiez est�, pourquoy auiez uous est�.

Ye had nat ben, why had nat ye ben. Uous nauiez pas est�, pourquoy nauiez uous pas est�.

They had ben, why had they ben. Ils auoient est�, come auoient ilz est�.

They had nat ben, why had they nat ben. Ilz nauoient pas est�, come nauoient ilz pas est�.

I shall be, why shal I be. Je seray, come seray je.

I shall nat be, why shall nat I be. Je ne seray pas, come ne seray je pas.

Thou shalt be, why shalt thou be. Tu seras, pourquoy seras tu.

Thou shalt nat be, why shalt thou nat be. Tu ne seras pas, pourquoy ne seras tu pas.

He shalbe, why shall he be. Il sera, pourquoy sera il.

He shall nat be, why shall nat he be. Il ne sera pas, pourquoy ne sera il pas.

We shalbe, why shall we be. Nous serons, pourquoy serons nous.

We shall nat be, why shall we nat be. Nous ne serons pas, pourquoy ne serons nous pas.

Ye shalbe, why shall ye be. Uous seres, pourquoy seres uous.

Ye shall nat be, why shall nat ye be. Uous ne ser�s pas, pourquoy ne ser�s uous pas.

Page 992

They shall nat be, why shall nat they be. Ilz ne seront pas, pourquoy ne seront ilz pas.

Be thou, be he, be we, be ye, be they. Sois toy, soit il, soions nous, soi�z uous, soient ilz.

BOTH THE FUTURES.

Do that thou be, that he be, that we be, that ye be, Fais que tu sois, quil soyt, que nous soions, que uous soyez, that they be. quilz soient.

Do that thou be nat, that he be nat, that we be nat, Fais que tu ne sois pas, quil ne soit pas, que nous ne soyons pas, that ye be nat, that they be nat. que uous ne soiez pas, quilz ne soient pas.

I pray you that I be, that thou be, that he be, Je uous prie que je soie, que tu sois, quil soit,

that we be, that ye be, that they be. que nous soions, que uous soyez, quils soyent.

THE PRETERIT IMPARFIT.

Wold to God that I were, that thou, that he, Pleust a Dieu que je fusse, que tu fusse, quil fusse.

That we, that ye, that they were. Que nous fussions, que uous fuss�s, quilz fussent.

With my wyll that I have ben, that thou, that he, A ma uoullent� que jaye est�, que tu aye est�, quil ayt est�,

that we that ye, that they have ben. que nous ayons est�, que uous ayez est�, quilz ayent est�.

THE PRETERIT PLUS PARFYTE.

Oh if I had ben, if thou haddest ben, if he, O sy jeusse est�, se tu eusse est�, sil eust est�,

if we had ben, if ye, if they. se nous eussons est�, se uous eusses est�, silz eussent est�.

The conjunctive is both in the present and preterites, lyke the optatyve.

Page 993

Whan I shalbe, thou, he, THE FYRST FUTURE. Mais que soie, que tu sois, quil soit,

we, ye, they shalbe. mais que nous soyons, que uous soy�z, quilz soient.

THE FUTURE BOROWED OF THE POTENCIALL MODE.

I shulde be, thou shulde be, he shuld be, we shulde be, ye shulde be, they shulde be. Je seroye, tu serois, il seroit, nous serions, uous seri�s, ilz seroient.

to be. haue ben. for to be, THE INFINITYVE, estre. THE PRETERIT, avoir est�, GERUNDIF, pour estre, in beyng. en estant, etc.

And thus finishe this conjugation.

Also it is to be noted that there ben certayne answeres bothe in the affyrmatyon, and negation of a thyng: as whan one doth say, I am: and they may say, ye be nat: where he may answere agayne, I am: and the other grauntyng the same shall say, so are ye. And lykewise whan one doth affirme a thyng by way of negation: as whan he doth say, I am nat, if any wyll deny the same, he shall saye, ye be, and if he wyll graunt unto it, he shall saye, no more are ye. For example of the whiche I wyll make therof a conjugation full requisyte and necessary to the frenche tonge. But ye shall understande that thre verbes onely shall serve you to this purpose: that is to say, have, do, and am: for if one say I am, ye may say, ye be nat: I have, ye have nat: and I do, ye do nat: the whiche thre ben principall in this rule.

THE INDICATIVE OF AFFIRMATION.

I am, thou art, he is. Je suis, tu es, il est.

I am nat, thou art nat, he is nat. Non suis, non es, non est.

But I am, But thou arte, but he is. Sy suis, Sy es, sy est.

So am I, So arte thou, so is he. Ce suis mon, ce es mon, ce est mon.

We be, ye be, they be. Nous sommes, uous estes, Ilz sont.

We be nat, ye be nat, they be nat. Non sommes, non estes, non sont.

Page 994

But we be, but ye be, but they be. Sy sommes, sy estes, sy sont.

So we be, so be ye, so be they. Ce sommes mon, ce estes mon, ce sont mon.

And so forth thorow al the tenses and modes of all the tother twayne, as:

I was, I was nat, but I was: so was I. I sayde, Jestoye, non estoye, sy estoie: cestoie mon. Je dysoie,

I dyd nat, but I dyd, non faisoie, sy faisoie,

so dyd I. I had, I had nat, but I had, so had I: ce faisoie mon. Jauoie, non auoie, sy auoie, ce auoie mon: je eus, non eus:

I shall have, I shall nat, but I shall, so shall I. jaray, non aray, sy aray, ce aray mon.

Which thre wordes shall serve you to any verbes signifieng either doing or suffryng.

EXAMPLE FOR NEGATION.

I am nat: but I am. I am nat: no more I am. Je ne suis pas: sy suis. non suis: ce ne suis mon.

I do nat: but I do. I do nat: no more do I. Je ne fay pas: sy fay. non fay: ce ne fay mon.

I have nat: but I have. I have nat: no more have I. Je nay pas: sy ay. non ay: ce nay mon.

Thou hast nat: but thou hast. thou hast nat: no more hast thou. Tu nas pas: sy as. non as: ce nas mon, etc.

Touchyng the conjugation interrogative, as,

Am I: do I: have I: or no, Suis je: fays je: ay je: ou non,

ye shall answere, ouy, nenny, non: and to the interrogation negatyve, as,

Am nat I, do nat I, have nat I, Ne suis je pas, ne fay je pas, nai je pas,

ye shal answer as is said before in thexample of the negation, wherfore this is sufficient for this present rule.

Another conjugation of these two verbes in latyn uado and eo, whiche both verbes of one signifycation signifyeth in englyssh, I go, the which go is defectyve in the frenche tonge, wherfore the tone must helpe the other.

Page 995

THE PRESENT OF THE SHEWYNG MOODE.

I go, why go I. Je uoy, pourquoy uoy je.

I go nat, why go nat I. Je ne uoy poynt, pourquoy ne uoy je point.

Thou goest, why goest thou. Tu uas, pourquoy uas tu.

Thou goest nat, why goest thou nat. Tu ne uas pas, pourquoy ne uas tu pas.

He goeth, why goeth he. Il ua, pourquoy ua il.

He goeth nat, why goeth nat he. Il ne ua pas, pourquoy ne ua il pas.

We go, why go we. Nous allons, pourquoy allons nous.

We go nat, why go nat we. Nous nallons pas, pourquoy nallons nous pas.

Ye go, why go ye. Uous alles, pourquoy alles uous.

Ye go nat, why go nat ye. Uous nalles point, pourquoy nalles uous point.

They go, why go they. Ilz uont, pourquoy uont ilz.

They go nat, why go nat they. Ilz ne uont mie, pourquoy ne uont ilz mie.

I dyd go, why dyd I go. Jallois, pourquoy allois je.

I dyd nat go, why dyd nat I go. Je nallois pas, pourquoy nallois je pas.

Thou dydest go, why dydest thou go. Tu allois, pourquoy allois tu.

Thou dydest nat go, why dydest thou nat go. Tu nallois point, pourquoy nallois tu point.

Page 996

He dyd go, why dyd he go. Il alloit; pourquoy alloit il.

He dyd nat go, why dyd nat he go. Il nalloit pas, pourquoy nalloit il pas.

We dyd go, why dyd we go. Nous allions, pourquoy allions nous.

We dyd nat go, why dyd nat we go. Nous nallions mie, pourquoy nallions nous mie.

Ye dyd go, how dyd ye go. Uous alli�z, coment alli�z uous.

Ye dyd nat go, how dyd nat ye go. Uous nalli�s point, coment nalli�z uous point.

They dyd go, how dyd they go. Ilz alloient, come alloient ilz.

They dyd nat go, how dyd they nat go. Ilz nalloient pas, come nalloient ilz pas.

I went, how went I. Jalay, coment alay je.

I went nat, how went nat I. Je nallay pas, coment nallay je pas.

Thou wenst, how wenst thou. Tu alas, come alas tu.

Thou wenst nat, how wenst nat thou. Tu nalas mie, come nalas tu mye.

He went, how went he. Il ala, coment ala il.

He went nat, how went nat he. Il nala point, coment nala il point.

We went, how went we. Nous alasmes, come alasmes nous.

We went nat, howe went we nat. Nous nalasmes point, come nalasmes nous point.

Page 997

Ye went, why went ye. Uous alastes, pourquoy alastes uous.

Ye went nat, why went ye nat. Uous nalastes pas, pourquoy nalastes uous pas.

They went, why went they. Ilz all�rent, pourquoy all�rent ilz.

They went nat, why went nat they. Ilz nall�rent mie, pourquoy nall�rent ilz mye.

THE PRETERIT INDIFINITIF.

I have gone, how have I gone. Jay all�, coment ay je all�.

I have nat gone, how have nat I gone. Je nay pas all�, coment nay je pas all�.

Thou hast gone, why hast thou gone. Tu as all�, pourquoy as tu all�.

Thou hast nat gone, why hast thou nat gone. Tu nas pas all�, pourquoy nas tu pas all�.

He hath gone, why hath he gone. Il a all�, pourquoy a il all�.

He hath nat gone, why hath nat he gone. Il na point all�, pourquoy na il point all�.

We have gone, why have we gone. Nous auons all�, pourquoy auons nous all�.

We have nat gone, why have we nat gone. Nous nauons pas all�, pourquoy nauons nous pas all�.

Ye have gone, why have ye gone. Uous aues all�, pourquoy aues uous all�.

Ye have nat gone, why have nat ye gone. Uous nau�s pas all�, pourquoy naues uous pas all�.

They have gone, how have they gone. Ilz ont all�, come ont ilz all�.

They have nat gone, how have they nat gone. Ilz nont pas all�, come nont ilz pas all�.

Page 998

THE PRETERIT PLUS PARFET.

I had gone, how had I gone. Jauoy all�, coment auoy je all�.

I had nat gone, how had nat I gone. Je nauoy point all�, coment nauoy je point all�.

Thou hadest gone, why hadest thou gone. Tu auois all�, pourquoy auois tu all�.

Thou hadest nat gone, why hadest thou nat gone. Tu nauois point all�, pourquoy nauois tu point all�.

He had gone, how had he gone. Il auoit all�, come auoit il all�.

He had nat gone, how had nat he gone. Il nauoit pas all�, come nauoit il pas all�.

THE PLURELL NOMBRE.

We had gone, how had we gone. Nous auions all�, coment auions nous all�.

We had nat gone, how had we nat gone. Nous nauions point all�, coment nauions nous point all�.

Ye had gone, why had ye gone. Uous auiez all�, pourquoy auiez uous all�.

Ye had nat gone, why had nat ye gone. Uous nauiez mie all�, pourquoy nauiez uous mie all�.

They had gone, why had they gone. Ils auoient all�, pourquoy auoyent ilz all�.

They had nat gone, why had they nat gone. Ilz nauoient point all�, pourquoy nauoient ilz point all�.

THE FUTURE

I shall go, why shall I go. Je yray, pourquoy yray je.

I shall nat go, why shall nat I go. Je nyray pas, pourquoy niray je pas.

Thou shalt go, howe shalt thou go. Tu yras, coment yras tu.

Thou shalt nat go, howe shalt nat thou go. Tu niras pas, coment niras tu pas.

Page 999

He shall go, howe shall he go. Il yra, coment yra il.

He shall nat go, howe shall nat he go. Il nira point, comment nyra il point.

THE PLURELL.

We shall go, why shall we go. Nous yrons, pourquoy yrons nous.

We shall nat go, why shall nat we go. Nous nirons pas, pourquoy nirons nous pas.

Ye shall go, why shall ye go. Uous yr�s, pourquoy yr�s uous.

Ye shall nat go, why shall nat ye go. Uous nir�s pas, pourquoy nir�s uous pas.

They shall go, howe shall they go. Ilz yront, coment yront ilz.

They shall nat go, howe shall they nat go. Ilz niront mie, coment niront ilz mie.

Go thou, go he, all one, go we, go ye, Ua toy, aylle luy, uoise luy, alons nous, all�s uous,

go they. uoisent ou aillent eulx.

THE FYRST FUTURE.

Do that thou go, that he go, that we go, Fais que tu uoyse ou aylle, quil uoise ou aille, que nous allons,

that ye go, that they go. que uous all�s, quilz uoisent ou aillent.

THE SECOND FUTURE NEGATIF.

Kepe that thou go nat, all one, that he go nat, Garde que tu ne aylle point, que tu ne uoise point, quil naile poynt,

all one, that we go nat, that ye go nat, quil ne uoise point, que nous nallons, que uous nall�s,

that they go nat, all one. quilz ne aillent point, quilz ne uoisent point.

THE OPTATIF.

Wold to God, or I pray you that I go, that thou go,

Pleust a Dieu, ou je uous prie que jaille ou uoise, que tu aille,

that he go, that we go, that ye go, that they go. que il aille, que nous allons, que uous all�s, quilz aillent ou uoisent.

Page 1000

With my wyll that I went, that thou went, that he went: A ma uoullent� que jallasse, que tu allasse, que il allast:

that we went, that ye went, that they went. que nous allissions, que uous allissiez, quilz allassent.

Wolde to God that I have gone, that thou have gone, A la mienne uoullent� que jay all�, que tu aie all�, that he have gone, quil ayt all�,

that we have gone, that ye have gone, that they have gone. que nous ayons all�, que uous ay�s all�, quilz ayent all�.

PRETERIT PLUSPARFYTE.

O if I had gone, if thou had gone, if he had gone, O sy jeusse all�, se tu eusse all�, se il eust all�,

if we had gone, if ye had gone, if they had gone. se nous eussons all�, se uous s�s all�, se ilz eussent all�.

Ye may make a future of the present, sayenge:

With my wyll that I may go anone, etc. all one. A ma uoullent� que je aylle tantost, etc. que je uoise tantost, etc.

The conjunctif present and thre preterites is lyke the optatif, sayeng: as whan wolde to God come or quant, before the verbe, leuyng a ma uoullent�, etc.

The future boroweth of the potentiall moode whiche may be tourned six maner of wayes after the indicatif, or elles XVIII, after the seconde conjunction:

I shuld go, thou, he, we shuld go, ye shuld go, Je yroie, tu yrois, il yroit, nous yrions, uous yriez, they shuld go. ilz yroient.

Whan I shall go, all one, whan thou shalt go, all one, Mais que je aille, que je uoise, que tu aille, que tu uoise, whan he shuld go, que il aille,

all one, whan we shuld go, whan ye shall go, whan they shal go, quil uoise, que nous allons, que uous all�s, quilz aillent, all one. quilz uoisent.

to go. to be gone. goyng. THE INFINITYVE, aller. THE PRETERIT, estre all�. THE GERUNDIF, allant.

Finis.

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Here foloweth another conjugation, whiche may be turned XXXVI maner wayes lyke the precedent, or els XII in every person, addyng me, te, le: lyke the fyrst conjugation, but for to eschewe prolixite it shalbe syngle.

I se, thou seest, he seeth, we se, ye se, they se. Je uoy, tu uois, il uoit nous ueons, uous uoiez, ilz uoient.

PRETERIT IMPARF.

I dyd se, thou dedest se, he dyd se: we dyd se, ye dyd se, Je u�oie, tu u�ois, il u�oit: nous u�ions, uous u�iez, they dyd se. ilz u�ioient.

PRETERIT PARF.

I saw, thou saw, he saw: we saw, ye saw, they saw. Je ueis, tu ueis, il ueist: nous ueismes, uous ueistes, ilz ueirent.

PRETERIT INDIFFINIT.

I have sene, thou hast sene, he hath sene: we have sene, Jay ueu, tu as ueu, il a ueu: nous auons ueu,

ye have sene, they have sene. uous au�s ueu, ilz ont ueu.

PRETERIT MOST PARFET.

I had sene, thou hadest, he had, we had sene, Jauoie ueu, tu auois ueu, il auoit ueu, nous auions ueu,

ye had, they had sene. uous auiez ueu, ilz auoient ueu.

I shall se, thou shalt, he shall, we shall se, ye shall, Je uoiray, tu uoiras, il uoira, nous uoirons, uous uoir�s,

they shall se. ilz uoiront.

THE IMPERATIF.

Se thou or he, se we, se ye, se they. Uois toy ou luy, uoions nous, uoi�s uous, uoient eulx, elles, celles.

BOTH FUTURES, AFFIRMATIF AND NEGATIF.

Do that thou seest, or that thou sest nat, that he seeth or that he seeth nat: Fais que tu uoie, ou que tu ne uoie point, quil uoie ou quil ne uoie point:

that we se, or that we se nat, que nous uoions, ou que nous ne uoions point, that ye se or that ye se nat, que uous uoi�z ou que uous ne uoiez point, that they se, or that they seeth nat. quilz uoient, ou quelles ne uoient point.

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THE OPTATIF PRESENT.

Wolde to God, or I pray you that I may se, that thou mayst se, A la mienne uoullent�, ou je uous prie que je uoie, que tu uoie,

that he may se, that we may se, that ye may se, that they may se. quil uoie, que nous uoions, que uous uoiez, quilz uoient.

PRETERIT IMPARFET.

Wold to God that I coud se, that thou, that he, Pleust a Dieu que je ueisse, que tu ueisse, quil ueisse,

that we coude se, that ye, that they. que nous ueissions, que uous ueissiez, quilz ueissent.

PRETERIT PARFYTE.

With my wyll that I have sene, that thou, that he, A ma uoullent� que jaie ueu, que tu aie ueu, quil aie ueu,

that we have sene, that ye, that they. que nous aions ueu, que uous ai�z ueu, quilz aient ueu.

PLUSPARF.

O if I had sene, if thou hadest, if he had sene, O se jeusse ueu, se tu eusse ueu, sil eusse ueu,

yf we had, yf ye had, if they had sene. se nous eussions, se uous eussiez, silz eussent ueu.

The subjunctif is lyke the optatif.

The fyrste future of the subjunctyve is:

I shulde, Je uoiroie, uoirois, uoiroit, uoirions, uoiri�z, uoiroient.

whan I shall se thou he we THE SECONDE FUTUR: mais que je uoie, que tu uoie, quil uoie: que nous uoions,

you they. que uous uoi�s, quilz uoient.

to se. to have sene, seyng. THE INFINITIF: ueoir. PRETERIT: auoir ueu, uoiant.

Another conjugation upon howe do you, and how do ye fare: and if ye do take the verbe after the fyrst conjugation, sayeng: je porte, porte je, pourquoy porte je, etc. and lykewise of je fay, fay je, etc. ye shal tourne it XXXVI wayes in one tense, and if ye turne it after the seconde conjugacion, ye

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shall have an hundred and VIII wayes in one tense, addyng to it me, te, le, nous nous, uous uous, ilz se.

Howe do I fare, or beare me, how dost thou fare, or bere the, Coment me porte je, coment te porte tu,

howe dothe he fare: howe do we fare, coment se porte il: coment nous portons nous,

howe do ye fare, howe do they fare, coment uous port�s uous, coment se portent ilz.

Howe dyd I, howe dedest thou, howe dyd he, Coment me portoy je, coment te portois tu, coment se portoit il,

howe dyd we bere us, how dyd ye, coment nous portions nous, coment uous portiez uous,

howe dyd they. coment se portoient ilz.

Howe dyd I, howe dedest thou, Come me portay je, coment te portas tu,

howe dyd he, howe dyd we beare us, coment se porta il, coment nous portasmes nous,

how dyd ye beare you, how dyd they beare them. coment uous portaste uous, coment se port�rent ilz.

THE PRETERIT INDIFINITIF.

Howe have I borne me, howe have I, Coment may je port�, coment tay je port�,

howe hath he, howe have we borne us, coment sa il port�, coment nous auons nous port�,

howe have ye borne you, howe have they borne them. coment uous au�s uous port�, coment se sont ilz port�.

Howe had I borne me, howe hadest thou, Coment mauoy je port�, coment tauois tu port�,

howe had he borne him, howe had we borne us, coment se auoit il port�, coment nous auions nous port�,

howe had ye borne you, howe had they borne them, coment uous aui�z uous port�, coment se auoient ilz port�.

Howe shall I beare me, howe shalt thou bere the, Coment me porteray je, coment te porteras tu,

howe shall he beare hym: howe shall we beare us, coment se portera il: coment nous porterons nous,

howe shall you beare you, howe shall they beare them. coment uous porter�s uous, coment se porteront ilz.

The imperatyve, optatyve, and conjunctyve may nat serve with this

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worde, coment, save onely the future of the potentiall mode, whiche is:

I shulde beare, thou shuldest, he shulde, Porteroie, porterois, porteroit,

we shulde bere, ye shuld, they shulde bere. porterions, porteriez, porteroient.

And if ye wyll go thorowe the sayd modes, ye shall folowe the termination of this verbe, I go, whiche is sette before.

And touchyng, howe do you, ye shall ever put le before the verbe, sayeng:

Howe do I, howe dost thou, howe dothe he, Coment le fay je, coment le fais tu, coment le fait il,

howe do we, do ye, do they. coment faisons nous, faictes uous, font ilz ou elles.

And lykewise of all the preterites, sayeng:

Howe dyd I, etc. howe dyd I, howe have I done, Coment le faisoi je, etc. coment le feiz je, coment lay je fait,

howe had I done, howe shall I do, howe shulde I do, etc. coment lauoy je fait, coment le feray je, coment le feroy je, etc.

Here foloweth the conjugation of a verbe defectyve in frenche, whiche is I am wont, because it is a verbe rare and syldome used.

I am wont, thou art, he is wont, we be wonte, ye be wonte, Je seulz, tu seulz, il seult, nous seulmes, uous seultes,

they be wonte. ilz seulent.

I was, thou, he, we, ye, Je soulloie, tu soullois, il soulloit: nous soulions, uous souliez,

they. ilz souloient.

I was, Je seulz, tu seulz, il seult, nous seulmes, uous seultes, ilz seulrent.

There is nomore of this verbe, for if we procede any further, we do say:

I have, I had customed, I shall custome. je ay de coustume, jauoy de coustume, and jaray de coustume, and so forth.

Anoder verbe defectif which is, it is lawful to me; this verbe may be turned XXXVI wayes, accordyng to the fyrst conjugation.

It is to me laufull, it is to the, it is to him, it is to us, Il me loise, il te loise, il luy loise, il nous,

it is to you, it is to them laufull. il uous, il leur loise.

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It was to me laufull, to the, to him laufull, Il me loisoit, il te, il luy loisoit,

to us, to you, to them laufull or licite. il nous, il uous, ilz leur loisoit.

PRETERIT PARFET.

It was, Il me loisit, il te, il luy loisit: il nous, il uous, ilz leur loisit.

THE INDIFFINITIF.

It hath ben to me laufull, to the, to him, Il ma est� loisible, il ta est�, il luy a,

to us, to you, to them laufull, or behovable. il nous a, il uous a, ilz leur a est� loisible.

THE PLUS PARFET.

It had ben to me, or els it had behoved me. Il mauoit est� loisible, il tauoit est� loisible, il luy auoit est� loisible, il nous, il uous, ilz leur auoit est� loisible.

It shalbe to me, THE FUTURE is: Il me loysera, ou il me sera loisyble.

THE FUTURE OF THE IMPERATIF, whiche is negatif is: Loke that it be nat laufull to the. Garde ou faitz quil ne te loise.

That it were to me laufull. THE OPTATIF. Quil me fust loisible.

THE PRETERIT IMPARFET. Quil me loisisse.

That it have ben to me, that it have ben to him. THE PARFET. Quil maie est�, quil luy ayt est� loysible, and so forth.

That it had ben to me laufull. THE PLUS PARFET. Quil meust est� loysible.

THE SUBJUNCTIF, is lyke the optatyve, taking the present for the seconde future. How it shulde be laufull to me, THE FYRST FUTURE. Come il me loiseroit, come il te loyseroit, come il luy loyseroit, come ilz nous loiseroit, come ilz uous loiseroit, come ilz leur loiseroit.

A conjugation of this verbe care, which for the most parte is negatyve, as I care nat, and if ye wyll adde this worde it unto the same, sayeng: I care nat for it: ye shall put an n after every pronoun, as: il ne men chault, il ne ten, il ne luy en, il ne nous en, il ne uous en, il ne leur en chault.

I care nat, thou carest nat, he Il ne me chault, il ne te chault, il ne luy:

we ye they. il ne nous, il ne uous, ilz ne leur chault.

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PRETERIT IMPARFYTE.

I dyd nat care, Il ne me, il ne te, il ne luy chaloit,

ye they ilz ne nous, ilz ne uous, ilz ne leur chaloit.

PRETERIT PERFECT.

I cared nat, Il ne me, il ne te, il ne luy chalut, ilz ne nous, ilz ne vous, ilz ne leur chalut.

THE PRETERIT INDIFFINITIF.

I have nat cared. Il ne ma chalu, etc.

PRETERIT PLUS PERFET.

I had nat cared. Il ne mauoit, il ne tauoit, il ne luy auoit, ilz ne nous, ye they ilz ne uous, ilz ne leur avoit chalu.

I shall nat care. Il ne me chauldra, il ne te, il ne luy, ilz ne nous, ilz ne uous, ilz ne leur chauldra.

IMPERATIFE.

Care thou nat, him, care we nat, care ye, care they nat. Ne te, ne luy chaille, ne nous, ne uous, ne leur chaille.

BOTH FUTURES.

Se that thou care, that thou care nat. Se we that we care, Garde quil te chaille, quil ne te chaille. Gardons quil nous chaille,

that we nat care. Se ye that ye care, that ye nat care. quil ne nous chaille. Gard�s quil uous chaille, quil ne vous chaille.

Let them se that they care, that they nat care. Gardent quil leur chaille, quil ne leur chaille.

OPTATIF.

With my wyll that I care, that thou care, that he care, A ma uoullent� quil me chaille, quil te chaille, quil luy chaille,

that we care, that ye care, that they care. quil nous chaille, quil uous chaille, quil leur chaille.

THE IMPARFET.

Wold to God that I care, that thou, that he, Pleust a Dieu quil me chalusse, quil te chalusse, quil luy chalusse,

that we, that ye, that they care. quil nous chalusse, quil uous chalusse, quil leur chalusse.

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PRETERIT PARFET.

With my wyll that I have, that thou hast, that he hath care: A ma uoullent� quil maie chalu, quil taie chalu, quil luy ayt chalu:

that we, that ye, that they have care. quil nous, quil uous, quil leur ayt chalu.

THE PRETERIT PLUS PARFET.

O if I had care, if thou hadest, if he had care, O sil me eust, sil teust, sil luy eust chalu.

if we, if ye, if they had care. sil nous, sil uous, sil leur eust chalu.

The futur is lyke the present as:

I praye to God that I care nat, or that I care. Je prie a Dieu quil ne me chaille, ou quil me chaille.

Whan I shall care. THE FUTURE: Mais quil me chaille, and so forth.

I shulde nat care, thou shuld nat care, THE SECONDE FUTURE: Il ne me chauldroit, il ne te chauldroit,

he shuld nat care. il ne luy chauldroit, etc.

It maketh no matter, or it skylleth nat. THE INFINITIVE: Il ne peult chaloir.

Note that if ye leve this worde, ne, whiche is before every pronowne, it is affirmative, and if ye do put it unto the sayd pronowne it is negative.

Another conjugation of two verbes together, that is to say, I serche in englishe, and because I wyll eschewe prolixite, I wyll touche but the synguler nombre of every tense.

I seke, all one, thou, he, Je cerche, je quiers, tu cerche, tu quiers, il cerche, il quiers,

we serche, ye nous cerchons, nous quierons, uous cerch�s, uous quieres,

they ilz cerchent, ilz quierent.

I dyd seke, or serche. Je cerchoie, ou querois.

I sauht. THE PRETERIT PARFET. Je cerchay, ou quis.

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I have sought. THE PRETERIT INDIFFINITIF. Jay cerch�, ou quis.

I had sought. THE PRETERIT PLUS PARFET. Jauoie cerch�, ou quis.

I shall serche. THE FUTURE. Je cercheray, ou quereray.

Seke thou, or seke the, seke we, THE IMPERATIVE. Cerche toy, ou quiers toy, querons nous, cerchons nous,

seke ye, seke they. quer�s uous, cerches, quierent eulz, cerchent eulz.

Se that thou seke, that thou serche. THE FUTURE. Garde que tu cerche, que tu quiere.

Loke that thou serche nat. THE SECOND FUTUR. Garde que ne cerche, ou quiere.

With my wyll, that I serche or seke. THE OPTATIF. A ma uoullent�, que je cerche ou quiere.

Wold to God that I dyd serche. PRETERIT IMPARFET. Pleust a Dieu que je cerchasse, pleust a Dieu que je quisse.

With my wyll that I have sought. THE PRETERIT PARFET. A ma uoullent� que jaie cerch� ou quis.

O if I had sought, if thou had, THE PRETERIT PLUS PARFET. O se jeusse cerch� ou quis, se tu eusse,

if he had, etc. sil eust, etc.

The subjunctif is lyke the optatif, with his thre preterites.

Whan I shall serche, THE FYRST FUTURE. Mais que je cerche, ou quiere.

I shulde serche THE SECONDE FUTURE. Je cercheroie, ou quereroie, quererois, roit, rions, ri�z, roient.

To seke and to serche. THE INFINITIF. Cercher et querir.

Note that this conjugation may be turned six and thirty maner wayes

I seke, seke I: why seke I, after the fyrst sayenge: je cerche, cerche je: pourquoy cerche je,

I seke nat, seke nat I, why seke nat I. je ne cerche pas, ne cerche je pas, pourquoy ne cerche je pas, etc. or elles an hondred and I seke me, VIII wayes in one tense, sayeng after the II conjugation: je me quiers,

I seke the, I seke him je te quiers, je le quiers , and so forth, turninge it with the questions. (Loke upon the seconde conjugation.)

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I knele, I blotte, I wyte, The verbes ben je mengenoulle, je broulle, je toulle, je moulle,

make foule, I stare je soulle, je roulle, je catoulle, je fatroulle, je barboulle,

A conjugation of a verbe that must be pronounced with double ll, accordyng to the seventh rule that is immediatly after the prologue whiche shalbe a patron and example for all suche verbes, the which conjugation may be turned syx and thirty wayes after the fyrste, or an hundred and VIII after the seconde.

I cut, I gyve, I gape, I rayle. je talle, je balle, je baslle, je ralle, and suche lyke.

I knele, thou knele, he knele: Je mengenoulle, tu tengenoulle, il sengenoulle:

we knele, you knele, they knele. nous nous engenoullons, uous uous engenoull�s, ilz sengenoullent.

I dyd knele, thou, he, Je mengenoulloie, tu tengenoullois, il sengenoulloit,

we, you, they. nous nous engenoullions, uous uous engenoulliez, ilz sengenoulloient.

I dyd knele, thou, he, Je mengenoullay, tu tengenoullas, il sengenoulla,

we, you, they. nous nous engenoullames, uous uous engenoullates, ilz sengenoullerent.

PRETERIT INDIFFINITIF.

I have kneled, thou hast kneled, he hath, Je may engenoull�, tu tas engenoull�, il sa engenoull�,

we have, you, nous nous auons engenoull�, uous uous aues engenoull�,

they. ilz se sont engenoull�.

I had kneled, thou, he, Je mauoie engenoull�, tu te auois engenoull�, il se auoit engenoull�,

we, you, nous nous auions engenoull�s, uous uous auiez engenoull�,

they. ilz se auoient engenoull�s.

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I shall knele, thou, he, Je mengenoulleray, tu tengenoulleras, il sengenoullera,

we, you, they. nous nous engenoullerons, uous uous engenouller�s, ilz sengenoulleront.

THIMPERATIF.

Knele thou or he, knele we, knele ye, Engenoulle toy ou soy, engenoullons nous, engenoull�s uous,

let them knele. quilz sengenoullent.

BOTH FUTURS NEGATIF AND AFFIRMATIF.

Se that thou knele, that thou knele nat, that he knele, Garde que tu tengenoulle, que tu ne tengenoulle pas, quil sengenoulle,

that he knele nat. That we knele, quil ne sengenoulle pas. Que nous nous engenoullons,

that we knele nat, that ye do knele, que nous ne nous engenoullons pas, que uous uous engenoull�s,

ye do nat knele. Do that they knele, que uous ne uous engenoull�s pas. Faictes quilz sengenoullent,

do that they knele nat. faictes quilz ne sengenoullent pas.

THE OPTATIF.

With my wyll, or I pray you that I may knele, A la mienne uoullent�, ou je uous prie que je mengenoulle,

that thou, he or she, que tu tengenoulle, quil ou quelle sengenoulle,

that we, you, que nous nous engenoullons, que uous uous engenoull�z,

they. quilz ou quelles sengenoullent.

Wold to God that I dyd knele, that, Pleust a Dieu que mengenoullasse, que tu tengenoullasse,

that, that we, quil ou quelle sengenoullast, que nous engenoullissions,

that ye, that they. que uous uous engenoullissi�z, quilz ou quelles sengenoullassent.

That I have kneled, that thou, A ma uoullent� que maie engenoull�, que taie engenoull�,

that he, that we, que laie engenoull�, que nous aions engenoull�s,

that ye, that they. que uous ai�s engenoull�s, quilz se aient engenoull�s.

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THE PRETERIT PLUSPARFET.

O and I had kneled, if thou hadest, O se je meusse engenoull�, se tu te eusse engenoull�,

if he had: if we, se il se eust engenoull�, se nous nous eussions engenoull�s,

if you, if they. se uous uous euss�s engenoull�s, silz se eussent engenoull�s.

The subjunctif is lyke the optatif, saieng come or quant before the verbe.

Whan I shall knele, thou, he, Mais que je mengenoulle, que tu tengenoulle, quil sengenoulle:

whan we, whan ye, mais que nous nous engenoullons, que uous uous engenoull�s,

whan they. quilz sengenoullent.

THE SECONDE FUTURE.

I shuld knele, thou, he, Je mengenoulleroie, tu tengenoullerois, il sengenoulleroit,

we, ye, nous nous engenoullerions, uous uous engenoulleri�z,

they. ilz sengenoulleroient.

To knele. To have kneled. THE INFINITIF. Engenouller. THE PRETERIT. Auoir engenoull�.

For THE GERUNDIF. Pour

to knele, in knelyng. mengenoull�r, de mengenoull�r, en mengenoullant.

I wysshe the kneled. THE OVERTHROWEN OF SUPIN. Je te souhaite engenoull�.

And lyke wyse of all the other verbes above rehersed.

A conjugacion combinyng or joynyng two verbes togyder, that is to say I am and I do, takynge the present onely, in eschewyng prolyxite.

Whan I am at scole, I do my deuer to lerne my lesson. Quant je suis a lescole, je fais mon debuoir daprendre ma lesson, ou lecon.

Whan thou art at scole, thou doest thy deuer to lerne thy lesson. Quant tu es a lescole, tu fais ton debuoir daprendre ta lesson, ou lecon.

Whan he is at scole, he doeth his dever to lerne his lesson. Quant il est a lescole, il fait son debuoir daprendre sa lesson.

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Whan we be at scole, we do our dever to lerne our. Quant nous sommes a lescolle, nous faisons nostre deuoir daprendre nostre lecon.

Whan ye be at scole, ye do your dever to lerne your. Quant uous estes a lescole, uous festes uostre deuoir dapprendre uostre lesson.

Whan they be at scole, they do theyr dever to lerne theyr. Quant ilz sont a lescolle, ilz font leur deuoir dapprendre leur lecon.

And so forth thorow al the conjugation of I am, above written, and of this verbe I do, whiche is in the preterit imparfet je faisoie.

I dyd. PARFET. Je feis.

I have done. THE PRETERIT INDIFINITIF. Jay fait.

I had done. PLUS PARFET. Jauoie fait.

I shall do. THE FUTURE. Je feray.

Do thou. THE IMPERATIF. Faitz.

Loke that thou do. THE FUTURE. Garde que tu face.

Let me do. THE OPTATIF. Que je face.

Thad I dyd. IMPARFET. Que je feisse.

That I have done. THE PRETERIT PARFET. Que jaye faict.

That I had done. PLUS PARFET. Que jeusse fait.

THE SUBJUNCTYF. Whan I shall do lyke the optatyf.

THE FIRST FUTURE. Mais que je face.

I shuld do, THE SECONDE. Je feroye, rois, roit: ferions, ri�z, roient.

To do. THE INFINITIF. Faire.

To have done. PRETERIT. Auoir fait.

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In doyng, to do, for to do. GERUNDIF. En faisant, a faire, pour faire.

THE OVERTHROWEN. To be done. LE RENUERSE. Estre fait.

Note that for to lerne frenche quickely, ye must turne the sayd conjugation iiii maners of wayes, tat is to say affirmatyve, and interrogatyve, and negatyve, and interrogatyve, as it hath ben plainly shewed here before.

Another conjugation by way of combination lyke the tother before rehersed. And fyrst of the present.

Whan I repute me vile and unclene, by humilite, I am clene Quant je me repute uil et ord, uile et orde, par humilit�, je suis

and pure by goodnes. nect et pur, necte etpure, par bont�.

Whan thou repute the, by goodnes, thou art, Quant tu te repute uil et ord, uile et orde, par bont�, tu es nect

et pur, necte et pure, par humilit�.

Whan he him repute, he is, Quant il se repute uil et ord, uile et orde, par bont�, il est

pur et nect, pure et necte, par humilit�.

Whan we us repute, Quant nous nous reputons uilz et ordz, uiles et ordes, par humilit�,

we be nous sommes purs et nectz par bont�.

Whan ye you repute, Quant uous uous reputez uilz et ordz, uiles et ordes, par humilit�,

ye be uous estes purs et nectz, etc. par bont�.

Whan they them repute, by Quant ilz ou elles se reputent uilz et ordz, uiles et ordes, par

mekenes, they humilit�, ilz ou elles sont purs et nectz, pures et nectes, par bont�.

And so forth unto the imperatif, makyng other verbes by patron of the same.

Also another conjugation with two verbes togeder every of them twyse rehersed, and the verbe repeted ever in the preterit parfet, and the fyrst and last goyng through all the modes and tenses: the whiche ben thus. Whan I se that I never saw, I thinke that I never thought.

Whan I se that whiche I never saw, I thinke that I never thought. Quant je uoy ce que ne ueis jamais, je pense ce que ne pensay oncques.

Page 1014

Whan thou seest that that thou, thou. Quant tu uois ce que tu ne ueis jamais, tu pense ce que ne pensas oncques.

Whan he seth, he thinke that. Quant il uoit ce quil ne ueist jamais, il pense ce quil ne pensa oncques.

Whan we se that that we, we. Quant nous uoions ce que nous ne ueismes jamais, nous pensons ce que ne pensames oncques.

Whan ye se that that ye never sawe, ye. Quant uous uoyez ce que ne ueistes jamais, uous penses ce que ne pensastes oncques.

Whan they se, they. Quant ilz uoient ce quilz ne ueisent jamais, ilz pensent ce que ne penserent oncques.

And so through till the imperatif, than ye may turne the verbes if ye lyste, sayeng: �Whan I thinke that I never thought, I se that I never sawe; Quant je pense ce que ne pensay jamais, je uoy ce que ne ueis oncques,� and so forth.

Another conjugation joynynge two verbes together.

Whan I am ydell, I worke nat, whan I worke, I am nat ydell. Quant je chomme, je ne besongne pas, quant je besongne, je ne chomme pas.

Whan thou art ydell, thou workest nat: whan thou workest, thou art nat ydell. Quant tu chomme, tu ne besongne pas: quant tu besongne, tu ne chomme pas.

Whan he or she is ydell, he or she worketh nat: whan he or she Quant il ou elle chome, il ou elle ne besongne pas: quand il ou elle

doeth worke, he or she is nat ydell. besongne, il ou elle ne chomme pas.

Whan we be ydel, we do nat worke: whan we worke, Quant nous chommons, nous ne besongnons pas: quant nous besongnons,

we be nat ydel. nous ne chomons pas.

Whan ye be ydel, ye worke nat: whan ye worked, ye Quant uous chomm�s, uous ne besongn�s pas: quant uous besongn�s, uous

be nat ydel. ne chom�s pas.

Whan they ben ydel, they worke nat: whan they Quant ilz ou elles chomment, ilz ou elles ne besongnent pas: quant ilz

worke, they be nat ydel. ou elles besongnent, ilz ou elles ne chomment pas.

And so forth till the imperatif, saieng in the preterit imparfet: I was ydel, chomoie,

Page 1015

I dyd worke. I was ydel besongnoie, etc.; in the parfet: chommay, besongnay; the whan I had ben ydel, I had nat worked. indifinitif: quant jay chomm�, je nay pas besongn�, the plus parfet: whan I had ben ydel, I had nat worked. quant jauoie chom�, je nauoie pas besongn�; the future: whan I shalbe ydel, I shall nat worke. quant je chommeray, je ne besongneray pas.

Another conjugation accordynge to the precedent.

Whan I am possessed, I have good earnes: whan I have non Quant je suis nantis ou nantie, jay bonnes arres: quant je nay nulles earnes, I am nat possessed. arres, je ne suis point nantie.

Whan thou art possessed, thou hast good earnes: whan thou hast non Quant tu es nantis, tu as bonnes arres: quant tu nas nulles earnes, thou art nat possessed. arres, tu nes point nantis.

Whan he hath good earnes, he is: whan he is nat possessed, he Quant il a bonnes arres, il est nantis: quant il nest point nantis, il hath none earnes. na nulles arres.

Whan we be possessed, we have good earnes: whan we have Quant nous sommes nantis, nous auons bonnes arres: quant nous auons good earnes, we be possessed. bonnes arres, nous sommes nantis.

Whan ye be, ye have good: whan ye have, Quant uous estes nantis, uous aues bonnes arres: quant uous aues ye be. bonnes arres, uous estes nantis.

Whan they be, they have, whan they have, Quant ilz sont nantis, ilz ont bonnes arres: quant ilz ont they be. bonnes arres, ilz sont nantis.

I am And so forth after the verbe, je suis, sayeng in the preterit imparfet,

whan I was quant jestois, etc. (Loke above.)

I understande, thou understande, he or she understandeth, Jentens, je mentens: tu entens, tu tentens: il ou elle sentend,

we us understande, ye understande you, they understande. nous nous entendons, uous uous entendes, ilz ou elles sentendent.

THE INTERROGATYVE.

Understand I me, understande thou, understande he or she: understande Mentens je, tentens tu, sentend il ou elle: nous entendons

we us, understande ye you, understande they them. nous, uous entendes uous, sentendent ilz ou elles.

Page 1016

THE NEGATYVE.

I understande nat me, thou understande nat the, Je ne mentens pas, tu ne tentens pas,

he or she understande nat him; we do nat understande us, il ou elle ne sentend pas: nous ne nous entendons pas,

ye do nat understande you, they do nat understande them. uous ne uous entend�s pas, ilz ou elles ne sentendent pas.

Do nat I understande me, do nat thou understande the, Ne mentens je pas, ne tentens tu pas,

do nat he understande him or she: do we nat understande us, ne sentend il ou elle pas: ne nous entendons nous pas,

do ye nat understande ye, do nat they understande them. ne uous entendes uous pas, ne sentendent ilz ou elles pas.

Dyd I understande, understande I, I have understande, entendoie, entendis, jay entendu,

I had understande, I shall understande. jauoie entendu, entenderay.

Thus endeth the fyrst boke.

Page 1017

An answere to the correcters and of all workes reprouers. APOLOGIE AUX CORRECTEURS ET DE TOUTTES OUURES REPREUEURS.

GILES DU WES ALIAS DE VADIS.

Grose folke of rude affection G rosses gens de rudes affections

dronkerdes, banysshed of trewe felyng I urongnes, bannis de uray sentement

lubbers, knaves, private of understandyng L ourdaultz, cocardz, priues dentendement

in their mouthfull takyng refection E n leur gueul�e prenant refections

fulfylled of oprobre and of detraction S aoule doprobes et de detractions

Shall say of me as they do of other folkes D iront de moy comme ilz font daultre gent

beholde here, what a maker fayre and gentyl U oies icy, quel facteur bel et gent,

trewe it is for certayne, that I am ignorant U ray est pour certain, que suis ignorant

wyllyng I ought nat to leave therfore U oulloir je ne doy pas laisser pour tant

to undertake thyng that ought to be prayse E mprendre chose qui fait a priser

without takyng hede to their disprayse. S ans garde prendre a leur despriser.

Some shall say this is yvell writte A ulcun diront cecy est mal escript

the others aftervarde, bendyng the browes L es aultres appres, bandant lez sourcilz

shall there fynde right great faute of spirite I trouueront tresgrant faulte desprit

other shall wey all, as folkes subtyles A ultres peseront tout, comme gens subtilz.

upon this gyveng their sentence and advyse. S ur ce donnant leur sentence et aduis.

Say every one what so ever he wyll D ie ung chescun ce que dire uouldra

in the spite of the dyvell, and of yvel wyll. E n despit du diable, et de mal uoulloir.

Se they may, that I have put me in dever U eoir ilz pouront, que ma mis en debuoir

to do well, do better that can A bien faire, face mieulz qui scara

of me certes nat reproved he shalbe. D e moy certes ja reprins nen sera.

Jesus than us graunt well to do I hesus doncques nous ottroy bien faire

without willyng, neither him nor other displease. S ans uoulloir, na lui na aultre desplaire.

ENDE OF THE FYRST BOKE.

Page 1018

HERE FOLOWETH THE SECONDE BOOKE of this lytell worke, in the whiche shalbe treated of communycations, and other thynges necessary to the lernyn of the sayd French tonge.

Page 1019

A LAUDE AND PRAYSE TO THE KYNGE, THE QUENE, AND TO THE PRINCESSE NOBLE GRACE, FOR A PREAMBLE OR PROLOGUE TO THE SAYD BOKE.

To the right hye, right chr�sten, and most redouted imperiall myght, and A la treshaulte, trescrestien, et tresredout�e imperialle puissance, et

soverayne majesty of you, Henry by the grace of God, lyveng kyng victorious, souueraine maiste de uous, Henry par la grace de Dieu, uiuant roy uictorieux,

and monarcion of all Englande, the VIII of that name: be et monarque de toute Engleterre, huitiesme de ce nom: soit

laude everlastyng, honour without ende: alwayes lastynge lyfe louenge perpetu�lle, honneur sans fin: tousjours durant uie

prosperous and good felicite. prosp�re et bien heur�e.

And to you most illustre, right excellente, and right magnanime lady and Et a uous tresillustre, tresexcellente, et tresmagnanime dame et

princesse, my lady Anne by the grace of God quene of Englande and of princesse, ma dame Anne par la grace de Dieu royne dEngleterre et de

France: with right noble and most vertuouse yours right dere and well beloved Fraunce: auec tres noble et tres uertueuse uostre tres chi�re et bien aim�e

doughter Elizabeth, princesse of Englande and of Wales: be lyfe everlastynge fille Elizabeth, princesse dEngleterre et de Galles: soit uie pardurable

and joye without ende. Amen amen. et joye sans fin. Amen amen.

Ee dicat omnis populus amen.

Page 1020

Wolde to God A ma uoullent�

that the Godheed que la deit�,

full of goodnesse plaine de bont�

had graunted to me sy meust ottroi�

whiche am counterfait qui suis contrefait

of ignorancy, and undone dignorance, et desfait

koning and knowledge science et scauoir

with the power auecques pouoir

can declare scavoir declar�r

and to manyfeste et manifest�r

after my power selon mon possible

the grace that can nat be saide la grace indicible

of the right christen kyng du trescrestien roy

whiche in noble aray qui en noble aroy

is this day lyvyng est aujourdhuy uiuant

prosperous and reignyng prospereus et regnant

whiche all the men qui tous les hommes

howe great that we ben come grans que sommes

as well clerkes and lays et clercz et laiz

by his faire dedes par ses beaulz faitz

hath over comen a surmont�s

and excelled et excell�s

wherfore the most pourquoy le plus

parfait here beneth parfait ca jus

having power ayant pouoir

and the knowyng et le scauoir

shulde fayle right well il fauldroit bien

that his mainteynyng que son maintien

that his sperit que son esprit

of wyt kyndled de sens esprit

might ones begyne peult entam�r

for to declare pour declar�r

as it hapened comme il aduient

whan a man doth come quant homme uient

to the great see a la graunt m�r

for to lade it pour lespuis�r

incontinently incontinent

that he doth se quil uoit comment

Page 1021

his entreprise son entreprise

whiche to that him tychyt que ce latise

hath made him do amysse la fait mesprendre

willyng to take in hande uoulloir emprendre

a thinge unpossible chose impossible

he that right feble luy qui debile

is, and fraile est, et fragille

and lytell able et peu abille

as a man dronke comme ung homme yvre

whiche lytell to lyve quy guere uiura

naturally naturellement

may nat goodly ne peult bonnement

he him withdraweth il se retire

pluckyng him selfe et se detire

him complainynge soy doulousant

that nat knowyng que non scauaunt

he hath undertake il a empris

to wyn the prise gagner le pris

wyllyng for to do pour uoulloir faire

the whiche to parforme ce que parfaire

no man might nul ne poulroit

where he nover tant ne seroit

man so myghty home puissant

alwaies livyng tousjours uiuaunt

neither more nor lesse ne plus ne moins

to put his handes mectre ses mains

or besy him selfe ou sempesch�r

wyllyng to prayse uoulloir pris�r

prince without pere prince sans p�r

and nat to erre sans point err�r

shuld be to lade seroit puisser

the water out of the se leaue hors la m�r

wherfore in now pourquoy a tant

me withdrawyng me retirant

of myn enterpryse de mon emprise

I say without fiction dis sans faintise

during my lyfe. durant ma uye.

Be it sadde or mery Soit triste ou lye

Page 1022

I shall never cease ne cesseray

nor shall leave ne laysseray

in every place en chascun lieu

to laude God de lou�r Dieu

and also to crie et de cri�r

and to supply et supli�r

his magestie sa magest�

and godheed et deit�

to be wyllyng to kepe uoulloir gard�r

and to preserve et preseru�r

the noble lorde le noble seigneur

from all unhap de tout malheur

also the lady aussi la dame

whiche lyved without blame que uist sans blame

I understande the quene jentens la royne

whiche never doth ende qui point ne fine

to do honour de faire honneur

to the maker au createur

with she auecque celle

that hath no pere qui non pareille

in this worlde est en ce monde

right pure and clene trespure et monde

it is the princesse cest la princesse

halfe a goddesse demie deesse

leavyng them to us les nous laissans

here lyvyng icy uiuans

right longe space tres longue espace

with his grace avec sa grace

than whan shall come puis quand uiendra

that it shall nede quil conuiendra

at the later ende a la parfin

that they take an ende quilz prengnent fin

without bytternesse sans amertune

or payne any ne paine aulcune

they be sette ilz soient pos�s

and bestowed et colocqu�s

in Heven en Paradis

where as ever la ou toudis

Page 1023

they may laude puissent lou�r

and exalte et exalt�r

with the saintes auec les sainctz

wherof there is many dont y a maintz

the blessed Trinite la benoite Trinit�

thre persones in unite trois personnes en unit�

the whiche for ever without decline laquelle a jamais sans declin

reigne alwayes without ende. regne a tousjours sans prendre fin.

A MESSAGER COMMING

FROM THE KYNGES GRACE, TO HIS WEL BELOVED DOUGHTER LADY MARY.

Mary.

From wens come you, my frende. Dou uenes uous, mon amy.

I come from the court. Certes, madame, je uiens de la court.

How doth fare the Kyng my father and the good lady my mother. Coment se porte le Roy mon pere et la bonne dame ma mere.

The messanger.

In truthe, madame, they dyd right well at my partyng, or En uerit�, madame, ilz se portoient tresbien a mon departement, ou

whan I came thens. quant je men partis.

Ma.

I am right glad of their good prosperite, and pray Our Lorde always so Je suis tresjoieuse de leur bonne prosperit�, et prie Nostre Seigneur tousjours

to maintene them: do nat you bryng me some remembraunce or token ainsy les maintenir: ne maport�s uous quelque souuenance ou enseigne

from them. de par eulz.

Le mes.

I do presente unto you, in the name of the good grace of the Kyng your father, this Je uous presente, ou nom de la bonne grace du roy uostre pere, ce

herte of golde, amelde of trewe hope, whiche is russet couller, and from ceur dor, esmaill� de uray esperance, qui est coulleur grise, et de par

Page 1024

the good lady your mother, a flour of forget me nat, with the la bonne dame uostre m�re, une fleur de ne moubliez mye, auec la

blessyng of God, gyven to Jacob. benediction de Dieu donn�e a Jacob.

What blessyng do ye speke to me of. Quelle benediction me mect�s uous en termes.

The same that Abraham gave to Isaak, and Isaak to Jacob, and Jacob to Judas, Celle que Abraham donna a Isaak, et Isaak a Jacob, et Jacob a Judas,

the whiche is suche that all they that shall blesse you, shalbe blessed. laquelle est telle que tous ceulx qui uous benyront seront benyes.

Blessed be God and blessed be the Kyng and the Quine and all creatures Benoit soit Dieu et benoitz soient le Roy et la Royne et touttes creatures

of good wyll: now tell me what newes bringe ye to me. de bonne uoullent�: orsus die moy quelles nouuelles maport�s uous.

Trewly ma dame, I do know none other thyng that I may say

Ueritablement, ma dame, je ne scay aultre chose que puisse dire

openly, but that the Kyng is a knyght. en appert, sinon que le Roy est cheuallier.

For soth, or in my God: ther be fayre tidynges, ye may go En mon Dieu, vas les belles nouuelles, uous uous pou�s en

whan shall please you. all�r quant uous playra.

Wherfore madame. Pourquoy, madame.

Because that ye have done your arande. Pource que fait au�s uostre message.

I pray you how do myne uncle, myne ante, my lorde, Je uous prie comment se porte, se portent mon oncle, ma tante, monsieur,

my lady, my my madame, maistre, maistresse; mon cousin, mes cousins, ma cousine,

neigh bour, my mes cousines, mon uoisin, mes uoisins, ma uoisine, mes uoisines, mon

God father, my God mother, gospy, parin, ma marine, mon comp�re, ma comm�re, maistre, maistresse,

Page 1025

women, the men: and all my les damoiselles, les gentilz femmes, les gentilz hommes: et tous mes

good fryndes. bons amis.

He or she they an hondred times, Il ou elle se recommande, ilz ou elles se recommandent cent fois,

a thousand times, to your good grace, to your highnesse, to your mille fois, a uostre bonne grace, a uostre haultesse, a uostr

excellency, to your lordshyppe. e excellence, a uostre seigneurie.

I am glad, that he do well, that she Je suis joieus, je suis joieuse, quil se porte bien, quelle le fait

that they do. bien, quilz le font bien, quelles se portent bien.

Whan shall ye retourne, whan pretende you or purpose ye to Quant retourner�s uous, quant pretend�s uous, quant propos�s uous de

returne toward the court, toward the Kyng, the Quene, retourner deuers la court, deuers le Roy, deuers la Royne,

my lorde, my lady. devers monsieur, devers madame, etc.