Audiobook: A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary: For the Use of Students by Hall, J. R. Clark (John R. Clark)

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Title: A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary For the Use of Students

Author: John R. Clark Hall

Release Date: March 7, 2010 [eBook #31543] [Most recently updated: April 11, 2021]

Language: English

Character set encoding: UTF-8

Produced by: Louise Hope, Zoran Stefanovic, the Germanic Lexicon Project, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A CONCISE ANGLO-SAXON DICTIONARY ***

[Transcriber’s Note:

Unless otherwise noted, words are spelled and alphabetized as in the original.

The letter æ is alphabetized as “ae”. The letter ð (eth) is alphabetized separately after “t”. The letters j and v are not used; medial k occurs only once. When two words are otherwise identical, the one containing a macron is usually given second.

Cross-references are shown as printed. When there is an error or ambiguity, corrections are given in [[double brackets]] at the end of the entry or as a separate paragraph. Where possible, these standard wordings were used:

under “mūs” The referenced word is either a secondary entry or a parenthesized alternative spelling in the form “mūs (ȳ)”. headword spelled “mūs” Minor difference, generally an added or omitted macron or a predictable vowel variation such as ī for ȳ. form of “mūs” The referenced word is an inflected form. A few very common patterns such as adverbs in “-līce” listed under adjectives in “-lic” are not individually noted. redirected to “mūs” The cross-referenced form leads to further cross-references.

To avoid empty cross-references, a few entries, clearly identified, were restored from the first edition.

In the original book, shorter entries--chiefly cross-references--were printed two or three to a line. They have been separated for this e-text. All [single brackets], asterisks* and question marks? are in the original.

In the body of the Dictionary, italics are shown conventionally with lines, while small capitals are marked as #text#. Boldface in headwords is unmarked; elsewhere it is shown as =text=. Superscript numerals (“small superior figures”) are shown with a caret; braces are used when necessary to avoid ambiguity.

āwrēon^1,2 = strong verb, class 1 or 2 bærnett (y^2) = second syllable also spelled with y 234^1 = page 234, line 1

Typographical errors are listed at the end of the e-text. To avoid confusion with original brackets, anything added by the transcriber is shown in [[double brackets]].

The New English Dictionary (NED) is now known as the Oxford English Dictionary (OED).]

* * * * * * * * *

A CONCISE

ANGLO-SAXON DICTIONARY

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

C. F. CLAY, Manager London: FETTER LANE, E.C. Edinburgh: 100 PRINCES STREET

[Illustration: Publisher’s Device]

Bombay, Calcutta and Madras: MACMILLAN AND CO., Ltd. Toronto: J. M. DENT AND SONS, Ltd. Tokyo: THE MARUZEN-KABUSHIKI-KAISHA

All rights reserved

FOR THE USE OF STUDENTS

by

JOHN R. CLARK HALL, M.A., Ph.D.

Second Edition Revised And Enlarged

New York: The Macmillan Company 1916

Cambridge: Printed by John Clay, M.A. at the University Press

PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION

The first edition of this dictionary having been exhausted, it has been extensively revised, and certain new features and alterations have been introduced into it.

1. The principle of arranging all words according to their actual spelling has been to a considerable extent abandoned. It was admittedly an unscientific one, and opened the door to a good many errors and inconsistencies. The head form in this edition may be either a normalised form or one which actually occurs.

2. Words beginning with ge- have been distributed among the letters of the alphabet which follow that prefix, and the sign + has been employed instead of ge- in order to make the break in alphabetical continuity as little apparent to the eye as possible. The sign ± has been used where a word occurs both with and without the prefix.

3. References to Cook’s translation of Sievers’ Anglo-Saxon Grammar, and to the Grammatical Introduction to Sweet’s Reader have been taken out, as Wright’s or Wyatt’s Old English Grammar will have taken their place with most English students.

4. A new feature which, it is hoped, will prove widely useful, is the introduction of references to all, or nearly all, the headings in the New English Dictionary under which quotations from Anglo-Saxon texts are to be found. A vast mass of valuable information as to the etymology, meaning and occurrence of Old English words is contained in that Dictionary, but is to a very large extent overlooked because it is to be found under the head of words which are now obsolete, so that unless one happens to know what was the last form which they had in Middle English, one does not know how to get at it. This information will be made readily available by the references in the present work, which will form a practically complete index to the Anglo-Saxon material in the larger dictionary and will at the same time put the student on the track of interesting Middle English examples of the use of Old English words. Besides directing the reader (by means of quotation marks) to the heading in the New English Dictionary where the relevant matter may be found, an indication has been given of the texts from which quotations are made therein, when these do not exceed four or five[1].

[Footnote 1: As regards the letter W and some small parts of other letters which have not yet appeared in the NED, a reference has been given to its abridgement (The Concise Oxford Dictionary).]

5. There have been many valuable contributions to Anglo-Saxon lexicography (by Napier, Swaen, Schlütter, Förster, Wülfing and others) since the first edition of this Dictionary appeared, and these have been made use of, but (as before) unglossaried matter has not been systematically searched for words not hitherto recorded in Anglo-Saxon Dictionaries[2].

[Footnote 2: The part of the Supplement to ‘Bosworth-Toller’ which has already appeared shows that Professor Toller is examining such matter with great care and thoroughness.]

6. The number of references to passages has been very largely increased. All words occurring only in poetical texts have been marked. If they occur more than once they bear the sign †, if only once, a reference to the passage is generally given. If not they are marked ‡. As regards prose texts, the rule has been only to give references to particular passages in the case of rare words,--more especially ἅπαξ λεγόμενα. The references to AO, CP and Æ which were given in the earlier edition have been retained, as a useful indication that the word occurs in Early West Saxon or Late West Saxon prose, as the case may be.

7. By various devices it has been found possible, while much increasing the amount of matter in the book, to add very slightly to the number of pages, and at the same time to reduce the number of columns on a page from three to two. Most of these devices are more or less mechanical, but one method of saving space may be mentioned. Certain compound words, descriptive of places, which, as far as I know, occur only in charters and which may often be more correctly regarded as proper nouns, have not been separately inserted. Their meaning can however always be ascertained by referring to their components, and where the abbreviation Mdf is inserted the reader will understand that examples of words so compounded, or of the components, or of both, will be found in Birch’s Cartularium Saxonicum, or in Earle’s Land Charters, and that references to those examples are given in Middendorff’s Altenglisches Flurnamenbuch.

8. In the List of Abbreviations, etc. at the commencement of the book, editions of texts which are furnished with a glossary have been specially indicated.

J. R. C. H.

January, 1916.

LIST OF SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS WITH THEIR EXPLANATION

Note 1. Where references are in italic type, quotations from the texts indicated will be found in the New English Dictionary, under the head of the English word which is distinguished in the article by quotation marks (see Preface). In references to special passages volumes have been marked off from pages by an inverted full stop, and lines or verses have been shown, where they follow other numerals, by small superior figures. Occasionally where lines have not been given, the mark ´ has been inserted to show that the quotation is in the lower half of a page.

Note 2. In the following list the number (1) after an edition of a text indicates that the edition is supplied with a complete referenced glossary or word-index, (2) that it has a complete glossary, but without references and (3) that it has a partial glossary or word-index.

Note 3. Some of the abbreviations given below are used in combination. Examples: MtLR = the Lindisfarne and Rushworth MSS of St Matthew; BJPs = the Bosworth and the Junius Psalters; asf. = accusative singular feminine. EK = Early Kentish.

‘ ’ Quotation marks are used to enclose the English words which should be looked up in the NED in order to find etymological information as to, and examples of the use of, the Anglo-Saxon words to which the articles in this Dictionary relate, see Note 1 above. If they enclose Latin words, they indicate the lemmata of Anglo-Saxon words in glosses or glossaries etc., or the Latin equivalent of such words in the Latin texts from which they are translated. The Latin is especially so given when the Ags. word seems to be merely a blindly mechanical and literal equivalent.

* is prefixed or affixed to hypothetical forms. Normalised forms of Ags. words which actually exist are not usually so marked.

´ See Note 1 above.

+ = ge-.

± indicates that the Ags. word to which it is prefixed is found both with and without the prefix ge-.

† = occurs in poetical texts only.

‡ = occurs in a poetical text, and once only.

== This sign is used to indicate that the words which it follows, and its compounds, are to be found in the Dictionary under the heading given after it, thus meht==miht is equivalent to meht = miht and meht- = miht-.

a. = accusative.

A = Anglian, or, if followed by numerals, Anglia, Zeitschrift für Englische Philologie, Halle, 1877 etc. AB = Anglia Beiblatt.

Æ = Ælfric. (References followed by numerals in parentheses refer to certain Homilies attributed to Ælfric in HL.) If followed by a book of the Bible the reference is to that book in Ælfric de vetere et novo Testamento (Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 1).

#ÆGr# = Ælfric’s Grammatik und Glossar, ed. J. Zupitza, Berlin, 1880.

ÆH = Ælfric’s Homilies, ed. by B. Thorpe, London, 1844-6. (Quoted by vol., page and line.)

ÆL = Ælfric’s Metrical Lives of Saints, ed. W. W. Skeat (EETS), 1881-1900 (3).

ÆP = Ælfric’s Hirtenbriefe (Ælfric’s Pastoral Letters), ed. B. Fehr, Hamburg, 1914 (Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 9).

AF = Anglistische Forschungen, ed. J. Hoops, Heidelberg.

#Alm# = the poem on Alms, in #Gr#.

#An# = the poem of Andreas, in #Gr#; or ed. G. P. Krapp, Boston, U.S.A., 1905 (1).

#Andr# = the prose legend of St Andrew, in J. W. Bright’s Anglo-Saxon Reader, London, 1892 (1).

ANS = Herrig’s Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen, Brunswick, 1846-1914.

#AnT# = Analecta Anglo-saxonica by B. Thorpe, London, 1846 (2).

anv. = anomalous verb.

AO = Alfred’s translation of Orosius, ed. H. Sweet (EETS), 1883. (v. also Wfg.)

#Ap# = the poem of the Fate of the Apostles, in #Gr#; or included with Andreas in Krapp’s edition (v. #An#).

#APs# = the Arundel Psalter, ed. G. Oess (AF vol. 30), Heidelberg, 1910.

#ApT# = Anglo-Saxon version of Apollonius of Tyre, ed. B. Thorpe, London, 1834.

AS = King Alfred’s version of Augustine’s Soliloquies, ed. H. L. Hargrove (Yale Studies in Old English), Boston, U.S.A., 1912 (1). See also #Shr#.

#Az# = the poem of Azarias, in #Gr#.

B = the poem of Beowulf, in #Gr#; also ed. A. J. Wyatt and R. W. Chambers, Cambridge, 1914 (1); or ed. W. J. Sedgefield, Manchester, 1912 (1); or ed. Harrison and Sharp, Boston, U.S.A., 1888 (1).

#Bas# = The Admonition of St Basil, ed. H. W. Norman, London, 1840.

BB = Bonner Beiträge zur Anglistik, ed. M. Trautmann.

BC = Cartularium Saxonicum, ed. W. de Gray Birch, London, 1883 etc., 3 vols.

Bd = Bede.

BDS = Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache, ed. E. Sievers, Leipzig, 1874-1914.

BH = the Anglo-Saxon version of Bede’s Ecclesiastical History, 2 vols., ed. T. Miller (EETS), 1891-6. (Reference is usually made to the pages in vol. 1 as regards the various readings recorded in vol. 2--not to the pages in the latter vol.)

#Bk# = Texte und Untersuchungen zur AE Literatur, etc., by R. Brotanek, Halle, 1913.

#Bl# = The Blickling Homilies, ed. R. Morris (EETS), 1874-80 (1).

#BlPs# = Blickling Glosses to the Psalms, at the end of #Bl#.

#Bo# = King Alfred’s translation of Boethius, with the Metres of Boethius, ed. W. J. Sedgefield, Oxford, 1899 (1).

#BPs# = die AE Glossen im Bosworth-Psalter, ed. U. Lindelöf (Mémoires de la Soc. néo-philologique à Helsingfors, tom. 5), 1909 (3).

BR = An Anglo-Saxon Reader, ed. J. W. Bright, New York, 1913 or London, 1910 (1).

#Br# = the poem of Brunanburh, in #Gr# or †#Chr#.

BT = An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, by J. Bosworth and T. N. Toller, Oxford, 1882-98. BTSup. = the Supplement to the above, Part #I# (A-EORÐ), 1908.

CC = The Crawford Charters, ed. by A. S. Napier and W. H. Stevenson (Anecdota Oxoniensia), Oxford, 1895.

CD = the Codex Diplomaticus, ed. Kemble

[[This citation occurs a few times in error for the author’s normal form, KC.]]

#Chr# = Two of the Saxon Chronicles Parallel, ed. J. Earle and C. Plummer, Oxford, 1892 (1). The poetical passages are marked †#Chr#.

CM = the tract ‘de Consuetudine Monachorum,’ in Anglia, vol. 13, pp. 365-454.

#Cos# = Altwestsächsische Grammatik, by P. J. Cosijn, Haag, 1888.

cp. = compare.

CP = King Alfred’s trans. of Gregory’s Pastoral Care, ed. H. Sweet (EETS), London, 1871.

Cp = the Corpus Glossary, in OET, or in WW (cols. 1-54) or (if the numbers are followed by a letter), in A Latin-Anglo-Saxon Glossary, ed. by J. H. Hessels, Cambridge, 1890 (1).

#CPs# = Der Cambridge-Psalter, ed. K. Wildhagen, Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 7, Hamburg, 1910. (CHy = Cambridge Hymns in the same vol.) (3)

#Cr# = the poem of Crist, in #Gr#.

#Cra# = the poem of Men’s Crafts, in #Gr#.

#Creat# = the poem of the Creation, in #Gr#.

Ct = Charters, wills and other like documents, as contained in BC, CC, EC, KC and TC.

d. = dative.   dp. = dat. pl.   ds. = dat. singular; etc.

#Da# = the poem of Daniel, in #Gr#; or ed. T. W. Hunt (Exodus and Daniel), Boston, 1885. [[Sometimes writen #Dan# in body text]]

DD = the poem ‘Be Dōmes Dæge’ (‘de die judiciæ’), ed. J. R. Lumby (EETS), London, 1876 (1); or in #Gr# (vol. 2, pp. 250-272).

#Deor# = the poem of Deor’s Complaint, in #Gr# and #Kl#.

DHy = the Durham Hymnarium, ed. J. Stevenson (Surtees Society, vol. 23), London, 1851. (#Gl#, by H. W. Chapman, Yale Studies, No. 24, Boston, 1905.)

#Dom# = the poem ‘Be Dōmes Dæge’ from the Exeter Book, in #Gr# (Vol. 3, pp. 171-4).

DR = the Durham Ritual, ed. T. Stevenson (Surtees Society), London, 1840. Lines of Anglo-Saxon only counted. [#Gl# by Uno Lindelöf, Bonn, 1901 (BB vol. 9).]

Du. = Dutch.

E = Early.

EC = Land Charters and other Saxonic Documents, ed. John Earle, Oxford, 1888 (3).

EETS = Early English Text Society’s Publications.

EK = Early Kentish.

#El# = the poem of Elene, in #Gr#; or ed. Kent, Boston, 1889.

Ep = the Epinal Gloss., in OET.

#EPs# = Eadwine’s Canterbury Psalter, ed. F. Harsley, EETS, London, 1889. (EHy = Hymns in the same vol.)

Erf = the Erfurt Gloss., in OET.

ES = Englische Studien, Heilbronn and Leipzig, 1876-1914.

EWS = Early West Saxon.

#Ex# = the poem of Exodus, in #Gr# or in Hunt’s edition (v. #Da#). If followed by two kinds of numerals = Exodus in Ælfric de vetere et novo Testamento in the Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, Vol. 1, Cassel, 1872.

exc. = except.

f. = feminine.   fp. = fem. plural.

FAp = the poem ‘Fata Apostolorum,’ in #Gr#.

FBO = Das Benediktiner Offizium, ed. E. Feiler (AF vol. 4), Heidelberg, 1901.

#Fin# = the poem of Finnsburg, in #Gr#, and most editions of Beowulf.

FM = The Furnivall Miscellany, Oxford, 1901.

FT = the poem ‘A Father’s Teachings,’ in #Gr#.

g. = genitive.   gs. = gen. singular.   gp. = gen. pl.; etc.

G = the Anglo-Saxon Gospels, ed. W. W. Skeat, Cambridge, 1871-87. See also LG, NG, RG, WG. (#Gl# to WG by M. A. Harris, Yale Studies, vol. 6, Boston, 1899.)

GD = Die Dialoge Gregors den Grossen, ed. Hans Hecht (Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 5), Cassel, 1900-1907.

#Gen# = the poem of Genesis, in #Gr#. If followed by two kinds of numerals = Genesis in Ælfric de vetere et novo testamento (Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 1, Cassel, 1872).

Ger. = German.

GK = Grein’s Sprachschatz der Ags. Dichter, revised by Köhler and Holthausen, Heidelberg, 1912. (A complete referenced glossary to #Gr#.)

#Gl# = Glossary. Used also as a comprehensive sign for all or any of the extant Anglo-Saxon glosses or glossaries: Cp, Ep, Erf, GPH, #HGl#, #KGl#, Ln, OEG, WW etc.

#Gn# = The Gnomic Verses in #Gr#. #GnE# = those in the Exeter Book and #GnC# those in the Cotton MS. Separate edition also by B. C. Williams, New York, 1914 (1).

GPH = Prudentius Glosses, contributed by A. Holder to Germania, Vierteljahrsschrift für deutsche Altertumskunde, vol. 11 (ns).

#Gr# = Bibliothek der Angelsächs. Poesie, ed. C. W. M. Grein and revised by R. P. Wülker, Cassel, 1883-98.

#Gu# = the poem of St Guthlac, in #Gr#.

#Guth# = the (prose) Life of St Guthlac, ed. C. W. Goodwin, London, 1848 (pp. 8-98), or ed. P. Gonser (AF vol. 27), Heidelberg, 1909 (pp. 100-176).

#Hell# = the poem of Hell, in #Gr#.

#Hept# = The Heptateuchus, etc., Anglo-Saxonice, ed. Edw. Thwaites, Oxford, 1698.

#Hex# = The Hexameron of St Basil, ed. H. W. Norman, London, 1849.

#HGl# = Glosses in (Haupt’s) Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum, vol. 9 (1853).

HL = Homilien und Heiligendleben, ed. B. Assmann, Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 3, Cassel, 1889. v. also Æ and #Shr#, (3).

#Hu# = the poem ‘The Husband’s Message,’ in #Gr#.

Hy = the collection of ‘Hymns’ at the end of most of the Ags. versions of the Psalms. v. the various Psalters (#Ps#). [The numbering of verses etc. usually follows that in Wildhagen’s Cambridge Psalter (#CPs#).]

i. = instrumental (case).

IM = ‘Indicia Monasterialia,’ ed. F. Kluge, in Techmer’s Internationale Zeitschrift für allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, vol. 2, Leipzig, 1885.

intr. = intransitive.

JAW = Eigentümlichkeiten des Anglischen Wortschatzes, by R. Jordan (AF vol. 17), Heidelberg, 1906

JGPh = Journal of (English and) Germanic Philology, Urbana, Ill.

Jn = the Gospel of St John. v. G and NG (JnL = Lindisfarne MS; JnR = Rushworth MS, v. LG, RG).

#JPs# = der Junius-Psalter, ed. E. Brenner (AF vol. 23), Heidelberg, 1909 (JHy = the Hymns in the same vol.).

#Jud# = the poem of Judith, in #Gr#, or ed. A. S. Cook, Boston, 1889 (1).

#Jul# = the poem of Juliana, in #Gr#.

K = Kentish.

KC = Codex Diplomaticus Aevi Saxonici, ed. J. M. Kemble, 6 vols., London, 1839-48.

#KGl# = Kentish Glosses to the Proverbs of Solomon (= WW 55-88, or, if quoted by number, in #Kl#).

#Kl# = Angelsächsisches Lesebuch, by F. Kluge, 3rd edition, Halle, 1902 (2).

#KlED# = F. Kluge’s Etymologisches Wörterbuch, 7th edition, 1910, or J. F. Davis’ translation, London, 1891.

L. = Latin.

#Lcd# = Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of the Anglo-Saxons, ed. O. Cockayne, London, 3 vols., Rolls Series, 1864-66 (vol. 2, and pp. 1-80 of vol. 3 are referred to by the folio of the MS, so that the references may also be available for G. Leonhardi’s edition of that part of the #Lcd#, in the Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 6) (3).

#Leas# = the poem ‘Be manna lease,’ in #Gr#.

Leo = Leo’s Angelsächsiches Glossar. Halle, 1877.

[[Listing added by transcriber; used only in first edition.]]

LG = the Lindisfarne Gospels, in Skeat’s ed. of the Anglo-Saxon Gospels (v. G). (Glossary by A. S. Cook, Halle, 1894.) LRG = Lindisfarne and Rushworth Gospels. v. RG.

Lieb. = F. Liebermann (v. LL).

Lk = the Gospel of St Luke. v. G and NG (LkL = Lindisfarne MS; LkR = Rushworth MS; v. LG, RG).

LL = the Anglo-Saxon Laws, as contained in Liebermann, Schmid or Thorpe. If followed by numerals not in parentheses, or only partially in parentheses, the reference is to ‘Die Gesetze der Angelsachsen,’ by F. Liebermann, 2 vols., Halle, 1903-12 (1); if by numerals entirely in parentheses, to vol. 2 of ‘Ancient Laws and Institutes,’ by B. Thorpe, 2 vols., London, 1840 (3).

Ln = the Leiden Glossary, ed. J. H. Hessels, Cambridge, 1906 (1).

#Lor# = the Lorica Hymn, in Kleinere angelsächsische Denkmäler, by G. Leonhardi (Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 6), Hamburg, 1905.

#LPs# = Der Lambeth-Psalter, ed. U. Lindelöf, Acta Soc. Sc. Fennicae, vol. 35, Helsingfors, 1909 (1). (LHy = the Hymns in the same vol.)

LWS = Late West Saxon.

LV = Leofric’s Vision, ed. A. S. Napier, in the Transactions of the Philological Society for 1907-10, pp. 180-188.

M = Mercian.

m. = masculine.   ms., mp., etc. = masc. sing., masc. plur., etc.

#Ma# = the poem of the Battle of Maldon, in #Gr#, also in #Br#, #Kl# or Sweet’s Anglo-Saxon Reader, Oxford.

Mdf = Altenglisches Flurnamenbuch, by H. Middendorff, Halle, 1902. [See Preface.]

#Men# = the Menologium, at the end of #Chr#.

#Met# = the Metres of Boethius; v. #Bo#.

MF = Festschrift für L. Morsbach (Studien zur Eng. Philologie, vol. 50), Halle, 1913.

MFH = Homilies in MF, ed. Max Förster.

MH = An Old English Martyrology, ed. G. Herzfeld (EETS), London, 1900. See also #Shr#.

MHG. = Middle High German. [[Listing added by transcriber]]

Mk = the Gospel of St Mark; v. G and NG. (MkL = Lindisfarne MS; MkR = Rushworth MS of St Mark; v. LG, RG.)

MLA = Publications of the Modern Language Association of America, Baltimore.

MLN = Modern Language Notes, Baltimore, 1886-1914.

#Mod# = the poem ‘Bi Manna Mōd,’ in #Gr#.

MP = Modern Philology, Chicago, 1903-1914.

Mt = the Gospel of St Matthew; v. G and NG. (MtL = Lindisfarne MS; MtR = Rushworth MS of St Matthew; v. LG, RG.)

n. = nominative, or neuter, or note. (np., nap., etc. = nom. plural, nom. and acc. plur., etc.)

N = Northumbrian.

#Nar# = Narratiunculae, ed. O. Cockayne, London, 1861.

NC = Contributions to Old English Lexicography by A. Napier, in the Philological Society’s Transactions for 1903-1906, London (mostly late texts).

NED = the New English Dictionary, ed. Sir J. A. H. Murray and others, Oxford, 1888-1915. (See Preface, and Note 1.)

neg. = negative.

NG = the Northumbrian Gospels, contained in Skeat’s edition (v. G, LG, RG).

#Nic# = the Gospel of Nicodemus, in #Hept#; or in MLA 13·456-541. (The references to passages are always to the latter edition.)

NR = The Legend of the Cross (Rood-tree), ed. A. S. Napier, EETS, London, 1894.

obl. = oblique.

occl. = occasional, occasionally.

OEG = Old English Glosses, ed. A. Napier (Anecdota Oxoniensia), Oxford, 1900 (1).

OET = The Oldest English Texts, ed. H. Sweet, EETS, 1885 (1).

OF. = Old French. [[Rare, and always written OFr. in text]]

OHG. = Old High German.

ON. = Old Norse.

OS. = Old Saxon.

p. = page, or plural.

#Pa# = the poem of the Panther, in #Gr#.

#Part# = the poem of the Partridge, in #Gr#.

#Ph# = the poem of the Phoenix, in #Gr# or BR.

pl. = plural.

#PPs# = the Paris Psalter, ed. B. Thorpe, London, 1835. The prose portion (Psalms 1-50) also ed. Bright and Ramsay, Belles Lettres Series, Boston, 1907, and the remainder (verse portion) in #Gr#.

#Ps# = any one or more of the Anglo-Saxon Psalters. [NB. In the numbering of the Psalms, the Authorised Version is usually one ahead of the MSS.] v. A, B, C, E, J, L, R, S and VPs; also Hy.

[[The occasional form #Pss# was retained. It may be either an error for #Ps# or short for “several Psalters”. In the one OED reference, two Psalters are quoted.]]

PST = Philological Society’s Transactions (v. also LV and NC).

QF = Mone, Quellen u. Forschungen zur Geschichte der teutschen Lit. u. Sprache, Aachen und Leipzig, 1830.

RB = der Benedictinregel, ed. A. Schröer, Bibl. der Ags. Prosa, vol. 2, Cassel, 1885-8 (3).

RBL = the Anglo-Saxon and Latin Rule of St Benet (Interlinear Glosses), ed. H. Logeman, EETS, London, 1888.

#Rd# = The Riddles of the Exeter Book, in #Gr#, or ed. F. Tupper Junr., Boston, 1910 (1).

RG = the Rushworth Gospels, in Skeat’s ed. of the Anglo-Saxon Gospels (v. G). Mt (all), Mk 1-2^15 and Jn 18^1-3 are in a Mercian dialect, and are usually known as R^1; the rest (R^2) is in a Northumbrian dialect (v. also LG). Glossary to R^1 by Ernst Schulte, Bonn, 1904; to R^2 by U. Lindelöf, Helsingfors, 1897.

#Rim# = the Riming Poem, in #Gr#

[[Listing added by transcriber. The Riming Poem is included in Grein along with many other texts from its original source, the Exeter MS.]]

#Rood# = the poem ‘Dream of the Rood,’ in #Gr#.

#RPs# = der Regius-Psalter, ed. F. Roeder (Studien in Eng. Philologie, vol. 18), Halle, 1904. (RHy = the Hymns in the same vol.)

RSL = Transactions of the Royal Society of Literature, London.

#Ruin# = the poem of the Ruin, in #Gr#.

#Run# = the Rune-poem, in #Gr#.

s. = strong; also = singular.   sv. = strong verb.   swv. = strong-weak verb.

#Sat# = the poem ‘Christ and Satan,’ in #Gr#.

sb. = substantive.

#Sc# = Defensor’s Liber Scintillarum, ed. E. Rhodes, EETS, London, 1889 (3).

#Seaf# = the poem of the Seafarer, in #Gr#.

sg. = singular.

#Shr# = the Shrine by O. Cockayne, London, 1864-70 [pp. 29-33 and 46-156 = MH; pp. 35-44 = HL pp. 199-207; pp. 163-204 = AS].

SHy = Surtees Hymnarium = DHy.

SkED = An Etymological English Dictionary by W. W. Skeat, Oxford, 1910.

#Sol# = the poem Solomon and Saturn, in #Gr# (if in italics, the reference is sometimes to the prose version, ed. J. M. Kemble).

#Soul# = the poem of the Soul, in #Gr#.

#SPs# = Psalterium Davidis Latino-Saxonicum, ed. J. Spelman, London, 1640. (Stowe MS, but includes marginal readings from APs, CPs and EPs.)

Swt. = The Student’s Dictionary of Anglo-Saxon by H. Sweet, Oxford, 1897.

TC = Diplomatarium Ævi Saxonici, ed. B. Thorpe, London, 1865 (3).

tr. = transitive.

usu. = usual, usually.

v. = vide, or very.

v.l. = varia lectio.

#VPs# = the Vespasian Psalter, as contained in OET (1). [VHy = Hymns at the end of the Psalter.] Glossary also by Conrad Grimm (AF, vol. 18), Heidelberg, 1906.

V^2Ps = Psalter-Glosses in Cotton Vitellius E 18 (noted by Wildhagen in CPs).

w. = with.

W = (I) Wulfstan’s Homilies, ed. A. Napier, Berlin, 1883. Glossary by L. H. Dodd, New York, 1908. (II) West Saxon.

#Wa# = the poem of the Wanderer, in #Gr#.

#Wald# = the poem of Waldhere, in #Gr#.

Wfg = die Syntax in den Werken Alfreds, by J. E. Wülfing, Bonn, 1894-1901 (copious material, and indexes to words in AO, BH, Bo, CP, AS, PPs, etc.).

WG = West Saxon Gospels (v. G).

#Whale# = the poem of the Whale, in #Gr#.

#Wid# = the poem of Widsith, in #Gr#, or ed. R. F. Chambers, Cambridge, 1912.

#Wif# = the poem of ‘the Wife’s Complaint,’ in #Gr#.

WS = West Saxon.

Wt = An Old English Grammar by J. and E. M. Wright, 2nd edition, Oxford, 1914.

WW = Old English Vocabularies, ed. by T. Wright and R. P. Wülker, London, 1884. Cols. 1-54 = Cp; 55-88 = #KGl#; pp. 89-103 = Colloq. Monast. in NED.

Wy = the poem ‘Be manna wyrdum’ in #Gr#.

ZDA = Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum, Leipzig and Berlin, 1853-1914.

ZDPh = Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie, Halle, 1869-1914.

ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS

[Transcriber’s Note: This section is included for completeness. All changes have been made in the text.]

ābrytan...#SPs# should be ābrȳtan...#EPs#.

ācweorran: for #SPs# read #ELPs#.

æfest: for Ei read El.

æfgerefa: for LkL 12^42 read LkL 12^58.

æfterlēan: add #Gen# 76.

ælmesfeoh: add LL.

ærendung: add RB.

æscwiga: for ‡ read †.

āfaran: add Da 6.

āgniend: possession should be possessor.

āgniendlīc should be āgniendlic.

āgryndan: add #Men# 111.

āhwylfan: add to roll to MP 1·592.

antemnere, antifonere (ÆP 154^6) = antefnere.

āsanian: add LV 57.

āsprēadan: for #CSPs# read #EPs#.

āstīgnes: for #SPs# read #EPs#.

ātilian should be ātillan.

ātlēag: add EC 448^9.

ātorgeblǣd n. swelling caused by poison, #Lcd# 162b.

āðecgan: add oppress? (Tupper) #Rd# 1^2,7.

āðynnian: for VHy read DHy 8^10.

āwarnian: read (#APs#) = āswārnian.

+bearded having a beard, GD 279^14.

besārgung: strike out sorrowing, VHy.

besceawere: for VHy read DHy 24^15.

besencan: add plunge into (fire), GD 317.

bīegan: add +bȳged bowed down, infirm, #Nic# 471^29.

blīðe: add (+b. occurs at #Guth# 161^9).

crūc: add LV 74.

cwēme- = cwēm-

+dal n. part, GD 311^11.

dalmatice: omit ? and add GD 329^34.

+drēog II.: add gentle (horse), GD 78^12.

ēðian should be ±ēðian.

+fadung: add rule, dominion.

fǣmne(n)dlic (GD) = fǣmnhādlic

fǣrærning f. quick marching, GD 14^24.

fæsting f. read commendation, trust, guardianship, GD 239^15; LL 58[17].

fæstnung: add exhortation, MkL p2^5: monument, MtL p5^4; Mk 5^5.

fantbletsung f. consecration of water for baptism, ÆP 188^12.

feohtling: add MP 1·610.

ferhtlic: add #PPs# 95^10.

feriend: add #Sol# 80.

flogettan: substitute to fly, flutter, #Sc#; GD 100^19.

folclic: add worldly, secular, GD 209^13.

fordēmednes: add GD 345^3.

forecweden aforesaid, GD 12; 344.

forehūs: add LV 33.

forewītung should be forewitung.

forlætednes (GD 227^16) = forlætennes

forrǣda? m. traitor, plotter, MP 1·592.

forsegenlic (GD 233^21) = forsewenlic

forðfromung: for #CSVPs# read #CVPs#.

forðman: add NC 289.

forððēon to profit (‘proficere’), GD 200.

fullfremed: add -līce after adv.

fullhāl thoroughly well, GD 248^1.

fyrdgestealla, fyrdgetrum: add †.

+gang: add passage (lapse) of time, GD 179^10.

geadrung f. text, MtL p8^17.

geancyme: delete second line of article.

gearowyrdig: add #Mod# 51.

gēodæd: add †.

geondflōwende ebbing and flowing, OEG 2363.

geondlācan: add #Ph# 70.

geondsendan: omit †.

gest-: for gǣst- read gæst-

giestran: add #Rd# 41^44.

glæsfæt: add GD 10^16.

glōmung: for VHy read DHy; GD.

godwebben: add GD 176^1.

hæftnīednes: add GD 346^22.

±hæftnīedan should be +hæftnīedan.

hālettan should be ±hālettan.

heals-iendlic, -igendlic: for #SPs# 89^13 read #APs# 89^13: imploring, GD 17^23.

hellegæst: strike out †.

hellegeat: add MP 1·610.

hellestōw f. infernal region, hell, GD 332^10.

hīwcuðlic: add familiar, GD 32.

hnep (GD 186^27) = hnæpp

horsðegn: add muleteer, GD 191^23.

hrēðnes: add ÆP 136^23.

hūselbox receptacle of the host, ÆP 178^6.

hwīlsticce: add GD 254^24.

+hyldelic secure, safe, GD 348^10.

+īeðan: add compassionate, GD 216(ȳ).

Additional references to the NED:--bebod ‘bibod’; belūcan ‘belouke’; cempa ‘kemp’; cennan ‘ken’; clipung ‘cleping’; cnæpp ‘knap’; dihtere ‘dighter’; draca ‘drake’; dysgian ‘dizzy’; fǣcne ‘faken’; forhogian ‘forhow’; forwiernan ‘forwarn’; gafol ‘gavel’; glēaw ‘glew’; heonon ‘hen’; hlēo ‘lee’; hliehhan ‘laugh’; hrēof ‘reof’; hryre ‘rure’; huru ‘hure’; ierre ‘irre’; lūtan ‘lout’

=A=

a prep. [= on] on, at, in, to, for.

ā I. (āwa, ō) adv. always, ever, at all, continuously, for ever, Æ, AO, CP. ā on ēcnisse; ā butan ende world without end: at any time: in any degree. [ON. ei, ey] II. f. = ǣ

ā- (unemphatic verbal prefix); I. orig. = forth, away, but as a rule only intensitive in meaning. II. = on- III. ym(b)- IV. = ā (I.) in pronouns and participles, and gives a sense of indefiniteness. V. = ǣ-

āǣlan = onǣlan

āǣðan = āīeðan

āb = ōweb

ābacan^6 to bake, ÆH 2·268^9.

ābǣdan to compel, restrain, ward off: exact, take toll: force out, extract.

ābæligan = ǣbylgan

ābǣran to disclose, bring to light, DD 41.

ābære (W 274^24) = ǣbære [[headword spelled “ǣbǣre”]]

ābærnan = onbærnan

abal (#Gen# 500) = afol

ābannan^7 to summon, convoke, command: announce, proclaim. ā. ūt call out, assemble, Chr. [‘abanne’]

ābarian to lay bare, disclose.

abbad, abbod, abbot == abbud

abbud (a, o) m. ‘abbot,’ BH, Chr; Æ. [L. abbatem]

abbuddōm m. abbatial jurisdiction, BH.

abbudesse f. abbess, #Chr#.

abbudhād m. abbatial rank, dignity, LL.

abbudlēast f. lack of an abbot, BC 1·155´.

abbudrīce (o) n. abbey, abbacy, office or jurisdiction of an abbot (used even of a convent of nuns).

ābēatan^7 to beat, strike, break to pieces, make to fall, Cr. [‘abeat’]

ābēcēdē f. ABC, alphabet.

ābedecian (eðe-) to get by begging or asking, #Bo# 71^12.

abedisse = abbudesse

ābēgan = ābȳgan

ābelgan^3 to make angry, irritate, offend, Sol; Æ, AO, CP: hurt, distress: be angry with. [‘abelgen’]

ābēodan^2 to order, proclaim, bid, command, direct: summon, call out: announce, relate, declare, present, offer, AO; Æ. hǣl ā. to wish one good luck, greet, bid farewell to. [‘abede’]

ābeofian = ābifian

ābēogan = ābūgan

ābeornan^3 to take fire, #PPs# 105^16.

ābēowan (WW 217^46) = ābȳwan

āberan^4 to bear, carry: endure, suffer, Mt, Bo; Æ, CP: bear (a child), Æ: take away, remove: reveal: (refl.) restrain oneself: do without, NC 268.

ā-berd, -bered crafty, cunning.

āberendlic bearable.

ābernan (N) = ābeornan

āberstan^3 to burst out, break out, Æ, CP: break away, escape. ūt ā. break out.

ābeðecian = ābedecian

ābicgan = ābycgan

ābīdan^1 to ‘abide,’ wait, remain, delay, remain behind, AO: survive: wait for, await, Æ: expect, Mt 11^3.

ābiddan^5 to ask for, request, require, demand, pray, pray to, pray for, Æ: get by asking, obtain, Æ, AO, CP: call out (an army).

ābifian (eo) to tremble, quake, shake.

ābilgð, ābilhð = ǣbylgð

ābiran = āberan

ābiring = ābyrging

ābisg-, ābiseg- = ābysg-

ābītan^1 to bite in pieces, tear to pieces, devour, gnaw, Æ, AO: taste, partake of, consume.

ābit(e)rian to turn bitter, CP 341^24: embitter.

ābitt = ābit

ābītt = ābīt

[[The first edition gives “ābit” as a form of “ābiddan”, “ābīt” as a form of “ābīdan” or “ābītan”.]]

āblācian to become pale, grow faint: become tarnished, CP 135^2.

āblǣcan to bleach, whiten, #BJPs# 50^9.

āblǣcnes f. pallor, gloom, #Lcd# 1·294.

āblǣcung f. pallor, #HGl# 518.

āblǣst inspired, furious.

āblāwan^1 to blow, blow away, breathe upon, Æ: puff up, swell, Lcd 93b. [‘ablow’]

āblāw-nes, -ung f. inflation, #Lcd#.

āblegned ulcerated, #Lcd#.

āblendan to blind, put out the eyes of, Æ, CP: dazzle, deceive, delude, Æ. [‘ablend’]

āblēred bare, uncovered, bald. [blēre] [[headword spelled “blere”]]

āblīcan^1 to shine, glitter.

āblicgan = āblycgan

āblignes = ǣbylgnes

āblindan to make blind, #Bl# 151^4.

āblindian = āblendan

āblinnan^3 to cease, leave off, desist, Æ, AO, CP.

āblinnednes f. cessation, interruption, A 5·465.

āblinnendlīce indefatigably, #HGl# 429^32.

āblinnendnes = āblinnednes

āblisian (Æ) = āblysian

āblissian to make glad, please, GD 335n.

āblongen = ābolgen, pp. of ābelgan.

āblycgan (i) to grow pale, Æ: make afraid.

āblynnan = āblinnan

āblysian to blush.

āblysung f. blushing, shame, RB 133^11.

ābodian to announce, proclaim, LkR 12^3.

ābolgennes f. irritation, WW 230^19.

āborgian to be surety for, LL: (w. æt) borrow.

āborian = ābarian

ābracian to engrave, emboss.

ābrǣdan I. to spread out, dilate: stretch out, Æ. II. bake, #Lcd# 44a.

ābraslian to crash, crackle, GD 236^12.

ābrēac pret. 3 sg. of ābrūcan.

ābrēat pret. 3 sg. of ābrēotan.

ābrecan^4 to break, break to pieces, break down, conquer, capture, violate, destroy, Æ, AO, CP: break away from.

ābrēdan^3 to move quickly, draw, unsheath, wench, pull out, Mt: withdraw, take away, draw back, free from, Æ, AO. ūp ābroden drawn up, raised up: start up, awake. [‘abraid’]

ābredwian to lay low, kill, B 2619.

ābrēgan to alarm, terrify.

ābregdan = ābrēdan

ābrēotan^2 to destroy, kill.

ābrēotnes f. extermination, OET 182.

ābrēoðan^2 (intr.) to fail, decay, deteriorate, perish, be destroyed, Ma; Æ. ābroðen (pp.) degenerate, reprobate, ÆGr. (tr. and wk.) destroy. [v. ‘brethe’]

ābrerd- = onbryrd-

ābroðennes f. baseness, cowardice, W.

ābrūcan^3 to eat, A 11·1^17.

ābryrd- = onbryrd-

ābrȳtan to destroy, #EPs# 36^9.

ābūfan (= on-) adv. above, #Chr# 1090#e#.

ābūgan^2 (= on-) to bow, incline, bend, submit, do reverence, B, ChrL; Æ: swerve, turn (to or from), deviate, CP: withdraw, retire: be bent or turned, turn one’s self. [‘abow’]

ābunden unimpeded.

ābūrod not inhabited, TC 162^28.

ābūtan, -būten, -būton. I. prep. acc. on, about, around, on the outside, round about, CP, ChrL, Æ. II. adv. about, nearly, ChrC. [= onbūtan; ‘about’]

ābycgan to buy, pay for, requite: redeem: perform, execute.

ābyffan to mutter, WW 447^24.

ābȳgan (ē) to bend, deflect: subdue, bring low: convert.

ābȳgendlic v. un-ā.

ābylg-, ābylig- = ǣbylg-

ā-byrgan, -byrian to taste, eat.

ābyrging (-iri-) f. taste.

ābysgian to busy, occupy, employ: engage in, undertake: take up, fill, GD.

ābysgung f. occupation: trouble.

ābȳwan (ēo) to rub off, polish, cleanse, purify.

ac I. conj. but: but also, moreover, nevertheless, however: because, for (?): and (?), #An# 569. ac gif unless, except, #Bl# 151. [Goth. ak] II. interrog. particle, why, wherefore, whether: in direct questions = L. nonne, numquid.

āc f. gds. and np. ǣc ‘oak,’ Æ, Ct, Lcd; Mdf: (‡) ship of oak: (w. nap. ācas) name of the rune for =a=. [OHG. eih]

ācǣgan = ācīgan

ācǣglod ‘serratus,’ #Nar# 20^26.

ācænn- = ācenn-

ācærran = ācirran

ācalan^6 to become frost-bitten, #Lcd# 2b.

acan^6 to ‘ache,’ suffer pain, Æ.

acas, acase f. (NG) = æcs

ācbēam m. oak-tree.

accent m. accent. [L.]

accutian ?= ācunnian

āccynn n. a kind of oak, WW 430^6.

ācdrenc m. oak drink, drink made from acorns?, WW.

ace = ece

ācealdian to become cold, Æ, CP. [‘acold’]

ācēapian to buy off, buy out.

ācēlan to cool off, still, quiet, Met. [‘akele’]

ācelma = ǣcelma

ācen = ǣcen

ācennan to bring forth, produce, renew, Bo, WG; Æ: attribute to. [‘akenne(d)’]

ācennedlic ‘genuinus,’ native, OEG.

ācennednes (WG; Æ), -cennes (CP, NG; AO) f. birth. [‘akenn(ed)nes’]

ācennend m. parent, DR 197^11.

ācennicge f. mother, DR.

ācenning f. birth, #Bk# 16.

ācēocian (tr.) to choke: (intr.) burn out.

ācēocung f. ‘ruminatio,’ WW 179^2.

āceorfan^3 to cut off, hew down, AO, CP. onweg ā. to cut away. of ā. to cut off, AO.

ācēosan^2 to choose, AO, CP.

acer = æcer

ācerr- = ācirr-

ācīgan to call, summon.

ācirran (e, y) (tr.) to turn, turn away or aside: (intr.) turn oneself, go, return.

ācirrednes v. onweg-ā. [[headword spelled “onwegācyrrednes”]]

ācl = ācol

āclǣc == āglǣc

āclǣnsian to cleanse, purify, Æ.

āclēaf n. oak leaf, #Lcd#.

āclēofan^2 to cleave, EC 351^10.

ācleopian to call out, WW 378^5.

+āclian † to frighten, excite. [ācol]

āclungen contracted, WW 239^37. [clingan]

ācmelu n. acorn meal, #Lcd#.

ācmistel f. mistletoe, #Lcd#.

ācn- = ēacn-

ācnāwan^1 to know, recognise, understand.

ācnyssan to drive out, expel, #SPs# 35^13.

ācofrian to recover, Lcd. [‘acover’]

ācol † affrighted, dismayed.

ācōlian to grow cold, CP.

ācolitus m. acolyte, LL [L.].

ācolmōd † fearful minded, timid.

+ācolmōdian to cast down, sadden, WW 209^16. [ācol]

ācordian to make terms, reconcile, #Chr# 1120.

ācorenlic eligible, worthy of choice, CP 409^36.

ācostnian to try, test, prove, CM, WW.

ācræftan to think out, devise, AO 46^29.

ācrammian to cram, WW 236^10.

ācrēopian to creep, crawl, Æ.

ācrimman^3 (y) to cram, stuff, WW.

ācrind f. oak bark, #Lcd#.

ācrummen pp. of ācrimman.

acs = æx

ācs- = āsc-

acse = asce

āctān m. oak-twig, #Lcd#.

āctrēo n. oak-tree, #Wif# 28^36.

ācucian (Æ) = ācwician

ācul = ācol

ācuma (Æ) = ācumba

ācuman^4 to come, come forth (from), Æ: bear, bring: endure, withstand, Æ: get to or from, reach, Gen. [‘acome’]

ācum-ba m., -be fn. ‘oakum,’ hards, tow, Lcd, OEG, WW: ashes of oakum: parings, clippings. [cemban]

ācumendlic tolerable, Æ: possible.

ācumendlīcnes f. possibility.

ācunnan (NG) = oncunnan

ācunnian to try, test, prove: experience, CP.

ācunnung f. experience, trial, GD.

ācusan to accuse, MtL 12^10 [L.].

ācwacian to tremble.

ācwæncan = ācwencan

ācweccan (tr.) to move, swing, shake, vibrate, Ma; Æ: (intr.) quiver, Æ. [‘aquetch’]

ācwelan^4 to die, perish, Æ, AO, CP.

ācwellan to kill, destroy, JnL; Æ, AO, CP. [‘aquell’]

ācwellednes (eæ^2) f. slaughter, #EPs# 43^22.

ācwencan to quench, extinguish, Mt; AO. [‘aquench’]

ācweorna m. squirrel, Gl. [‘aquerne’]

ācweorran^3 to guzzle, gorge, #ELPs# 77^71.

ācwern = ācweorna

ācwerren = ācworren pp. of ācweorran.

ācweðan^5 to say, speak out, declare, utter, express, answer, Gen: reject, banish, #Gen# 304. [‘acweath’]

ācwician (tr.) to quicken, vivify, Ps: (intr.) revive, BH. [‘aquick’]

ācwīnan^1 to dwindle away, disappear, go out (of fire), BH, #LPs#.

ācwincan^3 to vanish, be extinguished or eclipsed.

ā-cwucian, -cwycian = ācwician

ācwudu m. an oak wood, KC 6·218^19.

ācwylan = ācwelan

ācwylman to kill, slay.

ācwylmian to be tormented, W 220^5.

ācwyncan = ācwencan

ācynned = ācenned pp. of ācennan.

ācyrr- = ācirr-

ācȳðan to show, proclaim, reveal, announce, confirm, prove.

ād mn. heap, funeral pile, pyre: fire, flame. [OHG. eit]

ādǣlan to divide, separate.

ādēadian to fail, decay, mortify, become torpid or callous, Æ.

ādēafian to became deaf, WW 179^25.

ādēafung f. deafening, making deaf, Lcd. [v. ‘adeave’]

ādel I. = ādl. II. = ādela

ādela m. mud, dirt, filth, filthy place, Æ. [‘addle’]

ādelfan^3 to delve, dig, excavate, Æ, AO, CP.

ādeliht filthy, WW.

ādelsēað m. sewer, sink, Æ.

ādēman to judge, try, deprive of or exclude from by a legal decision: try, afflict.

ādeorcian to become dull, obscure, tarnished, CP: grow dark, W.

āderian to hurt, GD 219^19.

adesa m., adese f. ‘adze,’ hatchet, BH, W.

ādexe = āðexe

ād-faru f. ds. -fære way or path to the funeral pile, B 3010.

ādfini n. limit? ash-heap of a beacon? EC 354^5.

ādfȳr n. sacrificial fire, #Ex# 398.

+ādgian = +ēadgian

ādihtan to compose, write.

ādihtian to regulate, arrange, order, CP.

ā-dīlegian, -dīl(i)gian (ȳ) to destroy, blot out, annihilate, devastate, CP.

ādimmian to become dim or dull, to darken, obscure, CP.

ādl fn., ādle f. disease, infirmity, sickness, AO, CP.

ādlēg m. flame of the funeral pile, #Ph# 222.

±ādlian to be diseased or ill, languish, Æ: cause disease, DR.

ādlig sick, diseased, Æ.

ādliga m. sick person

ādliht = ādeliht

ādloma m. one crippled by fire, #Gu# 884. [lama?]

ādlsēoc sick of a contagious disease, ES 39·322.

ādl-ðracu ‡ f. gs. -ðræce force of disease.

ādlung f. illness, ÆH 1·122^31.

ādlwērig weary from illness, #Gu# 981.

ādōn (for conj. v. dōn) to take away, send away: cast out, expel, destroy: (w. preps. to, on, from, etc.) put, place, take, remove, set free, AO, CP.

adosa = adesa

ādrǣdan = ondrǣdan

ādrǣfan to drive away, shut out, expel, AO, CP. [‘adreve’]

ādrǣnct = ādrenced pp. of ādrencan.

ādragan^6 to draw (sword), HL 15^356.

ādrēfan = ādrǣfan

adreminte f. feverfew.

ādrencan to submerge, immerse, drown, AO. [‘adrench’]

ādrēogan^2 to act, perform, do, practise, Æ: bear, suffer, endure, An; CP: pass time, live, Æ. [‘adree’]

ādrēogendlic bearable.

ādrēohan = ādrēogan

ādrēopan^2 to drip, drop, #An#.

ādrēosan^2 to fall to pieces, decline, vanish, fail.

ādrīfan^1 to drive, drive away, drive out, pursue, follow up, LL; Æ, AO, CP: stake out (a ford): chase (metal), Æ. [‘adrive’]

ādrīgan = ādrȳgan

ādrincan^3 be drowned, extinguished, BH; AO. [‘adrink’]

ādrūgian, ādrūwian (Mt, Æ) to dry up. [‘adroughe’]

ādrȳgan (ī) to become dry, dry up, wither, CP: dry, wipe dry.

ādrysnan to extinguish, repress, NG.

adsa = adesa

adulsēað = adelsēað [[headword spelled “ādelsēað”]]

ādumbian to become dumb, keep silence, Mk; Æ. [v. ‘dumb’ vb.]

a-dūn, -dūna, -dūne adv. down, downward, Æ. [= ofdūne]

adūne(ā)stīgan to descend, #CPs#.

adūnfeallan to fall down, #EPs# 144^14.

adūnweard adv. downwards, ChrL. [‘a-downward’]

ādūstrigan = andūstrian

ādwǣscan (ē) to put out, quench, extinguish, blot out, destroy, AO: suppress, Æ, CP.

ā-dwelian to wander, stray.

ādwellan, pret. 3 sg. -dwealde to seduce, lead astray: hinder, Æ.

ādwēscan = ādwǣscan

ādwīnan^1 to dwindle or waste away.

ādȳdan to destroy, mortify, kill, Æ. [‘adeaden’]

ādȳfan to overpower with sound.

ādylf = ādealf pret. of ādelfan.

ādȳlgian, ādȳlegian = ādīlegian

ādymman = ādimmian

ādysgian to make foolish, W 185^12.

ǣ- accented verbal prefix, = (1) without; (2) ā-.

ǣ I. f. also ǣw f. (and m. or n.? in NG) law (divine or human), custom, covenant, AO, CP; WG, NG. butan ǣ outlaw: (esp. in pl.) rite, ceremony: faith, religion. unrihte ǣ false religion. Crīstes ǣ gospel: scriptures, revelation: marriage, Æ: (lawful) wife. For some comps. v. ǣw-. [‘æ’] II. = ēa I. III. interj. oh! alas!

ǣa I. = ēa I. II. gp. of ǣ.

æal- = eal-

ǣalā interj. = ēalā

ǣar- = ēar-

āeargian to become remiss, AO 212^20.

ǣbǣre (ē LL) manifest, notorious, public, open, evident, clear. [‘eber’]

āebbian to ebb away, recede, #Chr#.

æbbung (= ebb-) f. ‘ebbing.’ sǣ æ. gulf, bay, WW 154

ǣbebod n. injunction of the law, command, #PPs# 118^102.

ǣbēc fp. books of the law, WW 439^15.

ǣbēre = ǣbǣre

ǣbesn = ǣfesn [[headword spelled “æfesn”]]

ǣbilg-, -bili(g)- = ǣbylg-

ǣblǣc- = āblǣc-

ǣblǣce lustreless, pale, pallid.

ǣbod m. business, Æ: statute.

ǣboda m. messenger, preacher, #Gu# 909.

ǣbræce = ǣwbræce [[headword spelled “ǣwbrǣce”]]

ǣbreca = ǣwbreca

ǣbrecð f. sacrilege, #LPs#.

ǣbrucol sacrilegious, GPH 402.

æbs f? fir-tree, Æ. [L. abies]

ǣbylg n. = ǣbylgð

ǣbylga m. anger, #LPs# 77^49.

±ǣbylgan, -byli(g)an to make angry, offend, Æ.

ǣbylgnes f. anger, offence, Æ.

ǣbylgð, -bylgðu f. anger, AO.

ǣbylig- = ǣbylg-

ǣ-bylð, -bylygð = ǣbylgð

ǣc I. f. = āc. II. (N) = ēac

ǣcambe f. = ācumbe [[under “ācumba”]]

ǣcan = īecan

æccyrn = æcern

æce = ece

ǣce = ēce

æced = eced

æcedwīn n. wine mingled with myrrh, MkL 15^23.

ǣcēlan = ācēlan

ǣcelma m. chilblain, OEG, WW.

ǣcelmehte (ecil-) having chilblains, OEG 1523.

ǣcen I. a wood of oaks. II. oaken, WW 270^14. III. = ēacen pp. of ēacan.

æcer nap. æcras m. field, sown land, cultivated land, Mt; Æ, AO, CP; Mdf: a certain quantity of land, ‘acre,’ Æ; v. LL 2·267: crop.

æcerceorl m. countryman, farmer, NC 268.

æceren = æcern

æcerhege m. hedge of a field, KC 3·33^2.

æcermǣlum by acres, KC 6·98^5.

æcermann m. farmer, WW. [‘acreman’]

æcern n. nut, mast of tree, Æ (i^2): ‘acorn,’ WW.

æcernspranca m. ‘ilex,’ oak sapling? #ÆGr# 69^15.

æcersǣd n. seed enough for an acre? #Chr# 1124.

æcerteoðung f. tithe of the produce of the soil, W 310^24.

æcertȳning f. fencing, EC 377^9.

æcerweorc n. field-work, GPH 391.

æces = æx

æcest, æceð pres. 2 and 3 sg. of acan.

ǣcilma = ǣcelma

æcirn = æcern

ǣclǣca = āglǣca

ǣclēaw = ǣglēaw

ǣcnōsle degenerate, not noble, WW.

+ǣcnōsliende degenerating, WW 218^12.

ǣcræft † m. knowledge of law or ordinances, religion.

ǣcræftig learned in the law; as sb. = lawyer, scribe, Pharisee.

æcras v. æcer.

æcren = æcern

æcs f. ‘axe,’ pickaxe, hatchet, CP; Mt (æx).

æcst, æcð pres. 2 and 3 sg. of acan.

ǣcumba = ācumba

æcur = æcer

æcyrf m. (wood-)choppings, BH 224^15.

æd (NG) = æt

æd- = ed-

ædderseax (WW) = ǣdreseax

æddre, ǣdr = ǣdre

ǣdre I. f. artery, vein, pulse, nerve, sinew, B; AO: pl. veins, kidneys: runlet of water, fountain, spring, stream. [‘eddre’] II. adv. at once, directly, instantly, quickly: (†) fully, entirely. [OS. ādro]

ǣdreseax (der) n. lancet, WW 410^10.

ǣdreweg m. artery, vein.

ǣdrīfan = ādrīfan

ædwist = edwist

æfæst = æfest

ǣfæst = ǣwfæst

æfdæll -dell (NG) = ofdæle

æfdȳne m. declivity, #Gl#.

ǣfelle without skin, peeled, WW 190^31.

æfen = efen

ǣfen (ē) nm. ‘even,’ evening, eventide, B, MkL, Gu (ēfn). tō ǣfenes till evening: eve, RB.

ǣfencollatio the ‘collatio’ read before compline, NC 268.

ǣfendrēam m. even-song, RB.

ǣfengebed n. evening service, WW 129^34.

ǣfengereord n. evening meal, supper (often used in pl. of one meal).

ǣfengereordian to sup, give supper to, CM 1030.

ǣfengereordung f. supper, NC 269.

ǣfengeweorc n. evening work, #Lcd# 70b.

ǣfen-giefl, -gifl n. evening repast, supper, AO, CP.

ǣfen-glōm, -glōma m., -glōmung (omm-, eom-) f. gloaming, twilight.

ǣfengrom fierce at eve, B 2074.

æfenian = æfnian [[headword spelled “ǣfnian”]]

ǣfenlāc n. evening sacrifice, evening prayer, #PPs# 140^3.

ǣfenlǣcan to grow towards evening, Lk 24^29.

ǣfenlēoht n. evening light, B 403.

ǣfenleoð † n. evening song.

ǣfenlic of the evening; adv. -līce.

ǣfenlof n. lauds (service), CM 1035.

ǣfenmete m. supper.

ǣfenoffrung f. evening sacrifice, NC 269.

ǣfenrǣding f. reading (during the evening meal at a monastery), ‘collatio,’ CM.

ǣfenrepsung f. nightfall, Æ.

ǣfen-rest, -ræst † f. evening rest.

ǣfensang m. ‘evensong,’ Æ, RB.

ǣfensceop m. evening singer, bard, #Rd# 9^5. [scop]

ǣfenscīma m. evening splendour, #Gen# 2448.

ǣfensprǣc f. evening talk, B 759.

ǣfensteorra m. the evening star, Hesperus, Bo; Æ. [‘evenstar’]

ǣfen-tīd f., -tima m. eventide, Æ.

ǣfenðēnung f. evening service: evening repast, supper.

ǣfenðēowdōm m. evening service or office, WW 129^34.

ǣfenung = ǣfnung

ǣfer = ǣfre

æferðe f. name of a plant, #Lcd#.

æfes- = efes-

æfesa ? m., æfese (m.) f. = æfesn

æfesn, æfesen f. relish, dainty, special pasturage, pannage; the charge for special pasturage, LL.

æfesne ?= æpsen?

æfest mf. envy, hatred, malice, spite, CP; El, Ps: zeal, rivalry. [‘evest’]

ǣfest == ǣwfæst

æfestful full of envy.

±æfestian -igian to be or become envious.

æfestig envious: zealous.

æfestlīce = ofostlīce [[under “ofost”]]

æfgælð f. superstition, OEG.

æfgerefa (-groefa) ‘exactor,’ LkL 12^58.

æfgrynde n. abyss, #PPs# 35^6.

æfhynde = ofhende

æfian (-an?) to be in a miserable condition, #Cr# 1357 (or æfnan? Gollancz).

æfisc (EC 291) = efesc [[under “efes”]]

æflāst m. a wandering from the way? #Ex# 473.

±æfnan (e) to carry out, do, perform, fulfil: cause: endure, suffer: (+) hold, sustain. [ON. efna]

æfne = efne

±ǣfnian to grow towards evening, Æ.

ǣfnung f. ‘evening,’ sunset, Æ.

ǣfre adv. ‘ever,’ at any time, Sat, Mt: always, constantly, perpetually, Cr, RB; Æ, CP: henceforth: ne ǣ.; ǣ. ne (= nǣfre) never; ǣ. tō aldre for ever. ǣ. ǣlc, W, Chr. ǣ. ǣnig any at all, KC.

æfreda m. what is taken or separated from, OEG (Napier). [æf; *hreda (hreddan)]: tow, oakum (BT).

ǣfremmende pious, religious, #Jul# 648.

æfse I. = efes. II. = æbs

æfsecgan to confute, ES 42^163.

æfst == æfest

æfsweorc n. pasturage, WW 410^12 (= *æfesweorc).

æft = eft

æftan adv. from behind, behind, in the rear, Ma. [‘aft’]

æftanweard adj. behind, in the rear, following, #Rd# 63^5.

æftemest adj. last, hindmost, Æ, AO.

æfter I. prep. (w. d., i. and--chiefly N.--a.) (local and temporal) after, along, behind, through, throughout, during: (causal) following, in consequence of, according to, for the purpose of: (object) after, about, in pursuit of, for. II. adv. after, then, afterwards, thereafter: thereupon, later, back (= in return). æ. ðon, ðæm, ðisum; æ. ðæm (ðon, ðan) ðe; afterwards, thereafter.

æftera = æfterra

æfterǣ f. the book Deuteronomy, Æ.

æfterboren adj. ‘afterborn,’ posthumous, ÆGr.

æftercweðan^5 to speak after, repeat. æftercweðendra lof praise from posterity: to renounce, abjure, #Chr# 1094.

æftercyning m. later king, BH 140^24 B.

æfterealu n. small beer, WW 129^4.

æfterfilian = æfterfylgan [[under “æfterfolgan”]]

æfterfiligend = æfterfylgend

æfterfolgere m. follower, AO 142^23.

æfter-folgian, -fylgan (AO) to follow after, succeed, pursue.

æfterfylgednes f. sequel, ÆL 23b^365.

æfterfylgend m. follower, successor, AO, -līce in succession.

æfterfylgendnes f. succession, SHy 11.

æfterfylgung (eft-) f. pursuit.

æfterfylig- = æfterfylg-

æfter-genga, -gengea m. follower, successor: descendant, Æ.

æftergengel m. successor, KC.

æftergengnes f. succession, Æ: posterity: inferiority.

æftergyld n. further payment, LL.

æfterhǣðe f? autumn drought, AO 102^7.

æfterhyrigan to imitate, BH.

æfterlēan n. reward, recompense, restitution, retribution, #Gen# 76.

æfterlic second, WW 505^19.

æfterra (comp.) second, following, next, latter, lower, CP.

æfter-rāp (Æ) -ræpe m. crupper.

æfterrīdan^1 to ride after.

æfterrōwan^7 to row after, ES 41^325.

æfterryne m. ‘occursus,’ #CPs# 18^7.

æftersang m. (after-song), matins, CM 449.

æftersingallic (= -sanglic) of matins, CM 476.

æftersingend m. succentor, WW 129^23.

æftersona soon, afterwards, again, NG.

æfterspræc f. after-claim, LL 398^7.

æftersprecan^5 to claim, LL 226[9,4].

æfterspyrian to track out, search, inquire into, examine, CP.

æfterweard adj. after, following, further, behind, in the rear, later, Æ.

æfterweardnes f. posterity, WW 464^18.

æfterwriten written afterwards, #Lcd# 69b.

æfterwyrcan to cause, effect.

æfter-yld, -yldo f. †advanced age, old age: after age, later time, BH. [ield(o)]

æfteweard = æfterweard

æftewearde adv. behind.

æftra = æfterra

æftresta superl. last.

æftum adv. after, MtR 24^21.

æftyr = æfter

æfðanc, æfðanca (o, u) m. insult, offence: grudge, displeasure, anger.

æf-weard (CP) -ward absent.

æfweardnes f. absence, #Bo#, GD.

æfwela f. decrease of wealth, #Lcd# 3·170^13.

æfwendla (WW 223^1) = æfwyrdla

æf-werdelsa, -wyrdelsa m. injury, damage, loss.

æfwyrdla, m. injury, damage, loss: fine for injury or loss.

æfwyrð(u) ? f. degradation, disgrace, RB.

ǣfyllende fulfilling the law, pious, #Cr# 704.

ǣfyn = ǣfen

ǣfyrmða fp. sweepings, rubbish. [feormian]

ǣg n. (nap. ǣgru) ‘egg,’ Lcd, Lk, OET, Met.

ǣg = īeg

ǣgan = āgan

æge = ege

ǣgen = āgen

ǣgera (K) dp. of ǣg.

ǣgerfelma f. egg-skin, #Lcd# 20b.

ǣgergelu n. yolk of egg, #Gl#. [ǣg, geolu]

ǣgflota m. seafarer, sailor, #An# 258. [īeg]

ǣggemang n. egg-mixture, WW.

ǣg-hwā mf., -hwæt, n. pron. each one, every one, everything, who or whatever. ǣghwǣt neut. anything. [ǣg = āgi]

ǣghwǣr everywhere, in every direction, Mk; Æ: in every case, in every respect: anywhere. [‘aywhere’]

ǣghwæs (gs. of ǣghwā) altogether, in every way, entirely, wholly, throughout, in general.

ǣghwæt v. ǣghwā.

ǣghwæðer (ǣgðer, āðer). I. pron. each or every one (of two or more), ‘either,’ both, AO, Mt (gð). II. conj. ǣghwæðer (ge)...ge; ǣgðer...and both...and; as well...as.

ǣg-hwanan, -hwanon(e), -hwannon, -hwanum, from all parts, everywhere, on every side, in every way.

ǣg-hwār, -hwēr = ǣghwǣr

ǣghwelc = ǣghwilc

ǣghweðer = ǣghwæðer

ǣghwider on every side, in all directions: in any direction, anywhere.

ǣghwilc adj. each, every, whosoever, whatsoever, all, every one, Bo, Met. ǣ. ānra each. ǣ. ōðer each other, Ma. ǣghwilces in every way. [v. ‘each’]

ǣg-hwonan, -hwonon (CP), -hwonene = ǣghwanan

ǣghwyder = ǣghwider

ǣghwylc = ǣghwilc

ǣgift f. (m? n?) restitution, repayment.

ǣgilde adv. receiving no ‘wergild’ as compensation, LL.

ǣgilt = ǣgylt

ǣglǣc == āglǣc

ǣglēaw learned in the law.

ǣglēca = āglǣca

ǣglīm m. white of egg. [līm]

ǣgmang (WW 4^89) = ǣggemang

ǣgmore f. root of the eye, socket? #Lcd# 3·98^5. [ēage]

ægnan sb. pl. awns, sweepings, chaff, #Gl#. [v. egenu]

ǣgnes = āgnes, v. āgen.

ǣgnian = āgnian

ǣgru v. ǣg.

ægsa = egsa [[under “egesa”]]

ǣgscill (y) f. eggshell, #Lcd#.

ǣgðer = ǣghwæðer

ǣgweard f. watch on the shore, B 241. [īeg]

ǣgwern = ǣghwǣr

ǣgwyrt f. dandelion, #Lcd# 158b.

ǣgylde = ǣgilde

ǣgylt m. sin, offence. [ǣw, gylt]

ǣgype without skill or cunning (BT), #PPs# 106^10.

æhher (MkR 4^28) = ēar

ǣhīw n. pallor, OEG 4897.

ǣhīwe pallid: deformed.

ǣhīwnes f. pallor, #Lcd# 1·294^3.

ǣhlȳp m. breach of the peace, assault, LL. [cp. æthlȳp]

æht == eaht

ǣht I. f. (rare in sg.) possessions, goods, lands, wealth, cattle, Mk; AO: ownership, control. [āgan: ‘aught’ sb.] II. = ōht

āēhtan to persecute, LkL 21^12.

ǣhtboren born in bondage, RB 11^20.

ǣhte = āhte pret. sg. of āgan.

ǣhteland n. territory, BH 358^14.

æhtemann m. tiller of the soil, serf, farmer, Æ.

ǣhteswān m. swineherd who was a chattel on an estate, LL 449^7.

ǣhtgesteald n. possession, #Jul# 115.

ǣhtgestrēon n. possessions, #Ph# 506.

ǣtgeweald † mn. power, control.

æhtian = eahtian

+æhtle f. esteem, B 369.

æhtowe (LkR 2^21) = eahta

ǣhtspēd f. wealth, riches, #LPs# 103^24.

ǣhtspēdig rich.

ǣhtwela † m. wealth, riches.

ǣhtwelig wealthy, rich, #Jul# 18.

ǣhwænne = āhwænne

ǣhwǣr, -hwār = āhwǣr

[[Printed on one line: ǣhwænne, ǣhwǣr, -hwār = āhwænne, āhwær]]

ǣhwyrfan = āhwierfan

æhx = æcs

æig = æg [[error for “ǣg”?]]

æl- prefix = I. eal(l)-. II. el(e)-.

æl m. piercer, ‘awl,’ Æ.

ǣl m. ‘eel,’ WW; Mdf.

ǣlā = ēalā

ǣlǣdend m. legislator, #SPs# 9^21.

ǣlǣrende m. teacher of the law, instructor in religion, #El# 506.

ǣlǣte I. n. desert place. II. desert, empty, W 47^21. III. f. divorced woman.

ǣlǣten I. = ālǣten pp. of ālǣtan. II. = ǣlǣte II.

ǣlagol lawgiving, GPH 397^363.

ǣlan to kindle, light, set on fire, burn, Æ, CP.

ǣlārēow (-lārua) m. teacher of the law, Pharisee, NG.

ælað = ealað

ælbeorht = eallbeorht

ælbitu (#Gl#) = ilfetu

ǣlc [ēlc, ylc (#VPs#); v. ‘each’] I. (pron. subst.) any, all, every, each (one), Æ, AO, CP. ǣlc...ōðrum the one...the other. II. (adj. pron.) each, Lcd: any, CP.

ǣlceald † altogether cold, very cold.

ælcor = elcor

ælcra = elcra [[under “elcora”]]

ælcræftig † almighty, all-powerful.

ǣlcuht (AO) ælcwuht n. everything.

æld = æled [[headword spelled “ǣled”]]

æld- = ield-

ældewuta (NG) = ealdwita

ǣlecung = ōleccung

ǣled † m. gs. ǣldes fire, firebrand. ǣ. weccan to kindle a fire, #Whale# 21. [ON. eldr]

ǣledfȳr n. flame of fire, #Ph# 366?

ǣledlēoma m. fire-brand, B 3125.

ælegrǣdig greedy, ÆL 18^213. [eall-]

ælegrēne (#RPs# 127^3) = eallgrēne

ælelendisc = elelendisc

ælemidde f. exact middle, Æ.

ǣlenge I. lengthy, tedious, vexatious, CP. [‘elenge’] II. weariness.

ǣlengnes f. tediousness, #Sc#, WW.

ælepe ? ‘origanum,’ wild marjoram, WW 299^19. [ælene? BT]

ǣlepūte f. ‘eel-pout,’ burbot, WW.

æleð pres. 3 sg. of alan.

ǣleð, ǣlð = ǣled

ælewealdend = eallwealdend

ælf mf. (pl. ielfe, ylfe) ‘elf,’ sprite, fairy, goblin, incubus, B, Lcd.

ælfādl f. nightmare, #Lcd# 123b.

ælfæle = ealfelo

æl-faru, -fær f. whole army, host, #Ex# 66.

ælfcynn n. elfin race, #Lcd# 123a.

ælfer = ælfaru

ǣl-fisc, -fix m. eel, TC 242^11.

ælfitu = ylfetu [[under “ylfet” (defined under “ilfetu”)]]

æl-fremed, -fremd, (el-) strange, foreign, Æ: (+) estranged, #LPs# 57^4: (w. fram) free, separated from, Æ.

ælfremeda (el-) m. stranger, foreigner.

ælfremedung f. ‘alienatio,’ RHy 5^14.

ælf-scīene (ī^2ȳ^2) † bright as an elf or fairy, beautiful, radiant.

ælfsiden f. elvish influence, nightmare, #Lcd# 120b.

ælfsogoða m. hiccough (thought to have been caused by elves), #Lcd# 124b.

ælfðēodlīce = elðēodiglīce

ælfðone f. nightshade, #Lcd# 123b.

ælfylce (= el-) † n. I. strange land. II. foreign band, enemy.

ǣlhyd f. eel receptacle? eel-skin? (BT) LL 455^17.

ǣlic (of the law), legal, lawful, Æ. adv. -līce.

ælifn f. sustenance, #Gl#? (v. ES 42·166)

ǣling f. burning, Æ: ardour.

ǣling- = ǣleng-

æll- = æl-, eal(l)-, el(l)-

ælmes = ælmesse

ælmesæcer m. ground of which the yield was given as alms, first-fruits, A 11·3^69.

ælmesbæð n. gratuitous bath, W 171^2.

ælmesdæd f. almsdeed, Æ.

ælmesdōnde giving alms, NC 269.

ælmesfeoh n. alms: Peter’s pence, Romescot, LL [‘almsfee’]

ælmesfull charitable.

ælmesgedāl n. distribution of alms.

ælmesgeorn charitable, Æ.

ælmesgifa (y^3) m. giver of alms, W 72^4.

ælmesgifu f. alms, charity, W 159^20.

ælmeshlāf m. dole of bread, TC 474^23.

ælmeslāc giving of alms, NC 269.

ælmeslēoht n. a light in church provided at the expense of a pious layman.

ælmeslic charitable: depending on alms, poor, -līce, adv. charitably, OET. (Ct.)

ælmeslond m. land granted in frankalmoigne. [almes-]

ælmesmann m. ‘almsman,’ bedesman, beggar, Lcd; Æ.

ælmespening m. alms-penny.

ælmesriht n. right of receiving alms.

ælmesse f. ‘alms,’ almsgiving, Da, Mt; Æ, CP. [L. eleēmosyna]

ælmessylen (e^3) f. almsgiving.

ælmesweorc n. almsdeed, #Bl# 25^17.

ælmidde = ælemidde

ælmiehtig = ælmihtig

ælmihtig (ea^2, e^2) adj. ‘almighty,’ B, Ps, TC; AO, CP: m. the Almighty.

ælmihtignes f. omnipotence, AS 59^13.

ælmyrca m. one entirely black, Ethiopian, #An# 432.

ælmysse = ælmesse

ǣlnet n. eel net, BH.

ǣlpig = ānlīpig [[under “ānlīpe”]]

ælren adj. of an alder tree, KC 7·316. [‘aldern’]

ælreord = elreord

ælsyndrig separately, LkR 2^3.

æltǣwe (ēo, ō) complete, entire, perfect, healthy, sound, true, Æ, AO, CP: noted, Æ. [Goth. tēwa]. -līce adv.

ælðēod (ælðied-) == elðēod

æl-walda, -wealda = ealwealda [[under “eallwealda”]]

ælwiht † m. strange creature, monster [= *elwiht]; (in pl.) = eallwihta

æmbern = embren

ǣmelle insipid, WW 429^30.

ǣmelnes f. slackness, sloth, Æ: weariness, disgust, WW.

ǣmen, ǣmenne (AO) uninhabited, desolate, desert.

ǣmenne solitude, AS 4^11 (v. Wfg 3).

ǣmerge f. embers, ashes, dust, Lcd; Æ. [‘ember’]

ǣmet- = ǣmett-

ǣmetbed n. ant-hill, #Lcd# 121b.

ǣmethwīl f. leisure, Æ.

ǣmethyll m. ant-hill, CP 191^25.

ǣmetian = ǣmtian

ǣmetta m. leisure, rest, CP. [mōt]

ǣmette f. ‘emmet,’ ant, Lcd, WW; Æ.

ǣmettig (CP), -m(e)tig (Æ) ‘empty,’ vacant, Bl, Æ: unoccupied, without employment, Æ: unmarried, CP.

ǣmettigian = ǣmtian

ǣminde n. forgetfulness, #Lcd# 1·384´.

ǣmōd dismayed, disheartened, Æ, AO.

ǣmt- = ǣmett-

±ǣmtian to ‘empty,’ Æ: to be at leisure, have time for, Æ, CP.

ǣmtignes f. emptiness, GD 35^17.

ǣmūða m. ‘cæcum intestinum,’ WW 160^11.

ǣmynde = ǣminde

ǣmyrce excellent, WW 393^38.

ǣmyrie = ǣmerge

ǣmytte = ǣmette

ǣn == ān

+æn- = +en-

ænbrece = unbrece

ænd- = end-

ǣne (āne) once, at some time, Æ, B: at any time: at once. [‘ene’]

æned = ened

ǣnes adv. once.

ǣnetre = ānwintre

ǣnett, ǣnetnes = ānet [[under “ānett”]]

ǣnga = ānga

ǣngancundes in a unique way? (BT), #Lcd# 162b.

ænge = enge

ængel = engel

Ænglisc = Englisc

ænid = ened

ǣnig adj. pron. and sb. ‘any,’ any one, Mk, Jn. ǣnige ðinga somehow, anyhow. [ān]

ǣnigge = ānēage

ǣnigmon any one, some one, NG.

ǣniht = āwuht

ǣninga = ānunga

ænlǣnan = onlǣnan

ǣnlefan = endlufon [[under “endleofan”]]

ǣnlēp- = ānlēp-

ǣnlic one, ‘only,’ singular, solitary, Ps; Lk: unique, glorious, noble, splendid, excellent, Bo; Æ, AO. adv. -līce.

ǣnlīpig (Æ) = ānlīpig [[under “ānlīpe”]]

ǣnne (AO, CP) v. ān.

ǣnote useless, LL 254[3,34].

ǣnrǣdnis = ānrǣdnes

ǣnyge = ānēage

ǣnytte = ǣnette [[form of “ǣnett”?]]

æpl == æppel

æpled = æppled

æppel m. (nap. æpplas, rarely ap(p)la, æppla) any kind of fruit, fruit in general: ‘apple,’ CP, Gen: apple of the eye, ball, anything round, Bo, CP, Sol.

æppelbǣre † fruit-bearing: apple-bearing.

æppelbearu m. orchard, #PPs# 78^2.

æppelberende apple-bearing, DR 98^16.

æppelcynn n. kind of apple, #Lcd# 67a.

æppelcyrnel n. apple pip, WW 440^23.

æppelfæt n. apple-vessel, ZDA 31·15^401.

æppelfealu apple-yellow, bay, B 2165.

æppelhūs n. fruit storehouse, WW.

æppelscealu f. apple-core, WW 371^1.

æppelscrēad n. (only in pl.) apple-parings, WW 118^1.

æppeltrēow n. ‘apple-tree,’ WW.

æppeltūn m. apple or fruit garden, orchard, Æ, CP.

æppelðorn m. crab-apple tree, BC 3·93´.

æppelwīn n. cider, WW 430^9.

æppled † shaped like an apple, round, embossed, El. [‘appled’]

æppul- = apul-

æps == æsp, æbs

æpsen shameless, OEG 7^301.

æpsenes f. disgrace.

ǣr I. adv. comp. ǣror; sup. ǣrost, ǣr(e)st ‘ere,’ before that, soon, formerly, beforehand, previously, already, lately, till; (comp.) sooner, earlier; (sup.) just now, first of all, OET, Jn, El: early, prematurely, Gu, Mk. on ǣr; ǣr ðissum previously, formerly, beforehand, CP. tō ǣr too soon. ǣr oððe æfter sooner or later. hwonne ǣr how soon? when? hwēne ǣr just before. on ealne ǣrne mergen very early in the morning. ne ǣr ne siððan neither sooner nor later. ǣr and sið at all times. II. conj. ‘ere,’ before that, until, Æ, AO, CP. ǣr ðam(ðe) before, B. III. prep. (w. d.) before. IV. adj. only in comp. and sup. (ǣrra, ǣrest) q.v. V. f. = ār f. VI. n. = ār n.

ǣr- = I. early, former. II. intensitive prefix.

ǣra I. m. scraper, strigil, #Gl#. II. = ǣrra

ǣrǣt m. excessive (or too early?) eating.

ærbe- = yrfe-, ierfe-

ǣrbeðoht premeditated.

ǣrboren earlier born, first-born (or ? two words), #Gen# 973.

ærc = earc

ærce == arce

ǣrcwide m. prophecy? #Mod# 4.

ǣrdǣd f. former deed.

ǣrdæg m. (nap. ǣrdagas) early day, early morn, dawn: in pl. former days, past times, AO.

ǣrdēað m. premature death, #Ex# 539.

ærdian = eardian

ærdon = ærndon? from ærnan (Grein), #Ma# 191.

ærdung = eardung

ǣre I. = ȳre. II. in comp. = -oared.

ǣrēafe (= ǣ^2) detected, TC 230^16.

ǣreldo ‘anteritus,’ WW 347^12.

ǣren made of brass, brazen, Æ, AO, CP: tinkling? [ār; cp. Ger. ehern]

ǣrendbōc f. message, letter.

ǣrenddraca (AO, CP) = ǣrendraca

ǣrende n. ‘errand,’ message, BH, Gu; AO: mission, An, Chr: answer, news, tidings, Æ.

ǣrendfæst commissioned with an errand, ÆL 26^221.

ǣrendgāst m. angel, #Gen# 2296.

ǣrendgewrit n. written message, letter, Æ, CP.

±ǣrendian to go on an errand, carry a message, send word to, CP: intercede, BH; Æ: (+)speed, succeed, W 238^9. [‘ernde’]

ǣrendraca m. messenger, apostle, ambassador, angel, Æ, AO: representative, substitute, proxy, BH 276^19.

ǣrendscip n. skiff, small boat.

ǣrendsecg m. messenger, #Gen# 658.

ǣrendsprǣc f. message, #Rd# 61^15.

ǣrendung f. errand: errand-going, RB. [‘ernding’]

ǣrend-wraca (AO) -wreca, (CP) = ǣrendraca

ǣrendwrit = ǣrendgewrit

ǣrenscip = ǣrendscip

ǣrer = ǣror

ǣrest I. adv. and superl. adj. first, at first, before all, Æ, CP. ðā, ðonne, siððan ǣ. as soon as. ǣ. ðinga first of all. II. = ǣrist

ǣrfæder m. forefather, B 2622.

ǣrfæst == ārfæst

ærfe == ierfe, yrfe

ǣrgedōn done before, CP.

ǣrgefremed before committed.

ǣrgelēred previously instructed, MtL 14^8.

ǣrgenemned, -gesæd = ǣrnemned

ǣrgestrēon † n. ancient treasure.

ǣrgeweorc † n. ancient work, work of olden times.

ǣrgewinn n. former strife or trouble, old warfare, #Cross# 19.

ǣrgewyrht † n. former work, deed of old.

ǣrglæd very bright, #Ex# 293.

ǣrgōd † good from old times?, very good.

ǣrhwīlum † erewhile, formerly.

ærian = erian

ærig (OET) = earh

ǣriht † n. code of law or faith.

ǣring f. day-break, early morning (A).

ǣrisc = ēarisc

ǣrist I. (ē) mfn. rising, VPs: resurrection, awakening, Jn; CP. [‘arist’] II. = ǣrest

ǣrlēof? very dear, OEG 56^296.

ǣrlēst = ārlēast

ǣrlic(ā) adj.; -līce adv. ‘early,’ Jn.

ǣrlyft f. early morning air, WW 415^13.

ærm = earm

ǣrmorgen (a^1, a^2, e^2) m. early morning, dawn, day-break.

ǣrmorgenlic of early morning, DR.

ærn n. dwelling, habitation, house, building, closet.

ǣrn = ǣren

ærnan to ‘run,’ ride, gallop, BH: (+) to ride, run to, reach, gain by running or riding, AO: = +iernan

ærndian = ærendian [[headword spelled “ǣrendian”]]

ǣrne-mergen, -merigen (Æ) = ǣrmorgen

ǣrnemergenlic matutinal, CM 277.

ǣrnemned aforementioned.

ærneweg m. road for riding on, race-course. [iernan]

ærnian = earnian

ærning f. ‘running,’ riding, racing, Bo, GD: flow of blood, MtL 9^20. (iorn-)

ærnð = ernð

ærnðegen (?) m. house-officer, #Gl#.

ærnung = earnung

ǣron = ǣrran [[form of “ǣrra”]]

ǣror I. adv. earlier, before, beforehand, formerly, Æ, AO: rather. II. prep. (w. d.) before.

ǣrost = ǣrest

ǣrra m. ǣrre fn. adj. earlier, former, Bo, El; CP. on ǣrran dæg the day before yesterday. [‘ere,’ ‘erer’]

ǣrror = ǣror

ærs = ears

ǣrsceaft ‡ f. old work, ancient building.

ærschen, ærshen = erschen

ǣrst = ǣrest

ǣrstæf = ārstæf

ǣr-ðam, -ðon, -ðamðe v. ǣr.

ærð- = yrð-

ǣrwacol early awake, Æ.

+ærwe depraved, wicked, #EPs# 100^4.

ǣrwela m. ancient wealth, B 2747.

ǣrworuld f. ancient world, #Cr# 937.

ǣrynd = ǣrend [[headword spelled “ǣrende”]]

ǣryr = ǣror

ǣryst I. = ǣrist. II. = ǣrest

ǣs n. food, meat, carrion: bait. [OHG. ās]

æsc I. m. nap. ascas ‘ash’-tree, Gl, KC; Mdf: name of the rune for =æ=: (†) spear, lance: ship, Æ. II. = æcs

ǣscære unshorn, untrimmed. [scieran]

ǣscan to demand (legally), LL 177´.

ǣscapo (WW 273^36) = ǣsceapa

æscberend † m., -bora † m. spear-bearer, soldier.

æscberende spear-bearing, #Gen# 2041.

æsce = asce

ǣsce f. asking, inquiry, search, LL: claim (to insurance money for theft of cattle), LL 175^2. [‘ask’ sb.]

ǣsceap (ē^1) n. remnant, patch.

æsceda fpl. refuse? WW 148^33.

æscegeswāp n. cinders, ashes, TC 318^33.

æscen I. fm. vessel of ash-wood, bucket, pail, bottle, cup. II. adj. made of ash-wood, ashen, #Lcd#.

æscfealu ashy-hued, WW 204^23.

æscgræg ashy gray, WW 204^24.

æschere m. naval force, #Ma# 69.

æscholt † n. spear of ash-wood, spear-shaft, lance (v. also Mdf).

ǣscian = ācsian [[under “āscian”]]

æscmann m. ship-man, sailor, pirate. [æsc]

æscplega m. play of spears, battle, #Jud# 217.

æscrind f. bark of the ash-tree, #Lcd#.

æscrōf † brave in battle.

æscstede m. place of battle, #Mod# 17; Mdf.

æscstederōd f. cross marking a battlefield? Ct (BT).

æsctīr m. glory in war, #Gen# 2069.

æscðracu f. battle, #Gen# 2153.

æsc-ðrote, -ðrotu f. a plant, ferula? vervain?

ǣsmæl smallness of the eye, #Lcd#.

ǣsmogu np. slough (of snake) #Lcd# 88a. [ā-smūgan]

æscwert = æscwyrt

æscwiga † m. (spear-) warrior.

æscwlanc † brave.

æscwyrt f. verbena, vervain.

ǣscyldian ‘delinquere,’ #PPs#.

ǣsellend (y^2) m. lawgiver.

æsil = hæsel

æslitend m. law-breaker, #LPs#.

æsne- = esne-

æsp = æspe I.

æspe I. f. aspen-tree, white poplar, #Gl#; Mdf. [‘asp^1’] II. = æbs

æspen adj. aspen.

ǣspreng, ǣspring(e) = ǣspryng

æsprind (ps) f. aspen, bark, Lcd. [‘asp’]

ǣspringnes = āsprungenes [[headword spelled “āsprungennes”]]

ǣspryng nf. spring, fountain, CP. [ēa]: departure, #Creat# 77.

ǣst I. = ǣrest. II. = ēst

ǣstǣnan = āstǣnan

ǣstan = ēastan

æstel m. book-marker, CP 9. [L. hastula]

æsul = esol

ǣswǣpe sbpl. sweepings, rubbish.

ǣswic m. offence, stumbling-block, infamy, seduction, deceit.

ǣswica, ǣswicend m. offender, deceiver, hypocrite, traitor.

ǣswice m. violation of God’s laws (or? adultery), W 164^3.

±ǣswician to offend, deceive, Æ: apostatize, WW 342^12: desert, Æ.

ǣswicnes f. stumbling-block, #LPs# 105^36.

ǣswicung f. offence, stumbling-block, Æ: deceit, Æ: sedition.

ǣswind idle, slothful, WW 422^13. [swīð]

ǣsyllend = ǣsellend

æt I. prep. (w. d. and, more rarely, a.) (local) ‘at,’ near, by, in, on, upon, with, before, next to, as far as, up to, into, toward: (temporal) at, at the time of, near, in, on, to, until: (causal) at, to, through: (source) from: (instrumental) by. æt fēawum wordum in few words, BH: in respect to, as to. II. adv. at, to, near. æt nehstan, æt siðestan finally. æt- in composition = at, to, from.

ǣt I. mfn. eatables, food, meat, flesh, Gu; Æ, AO. ǣt and wǣt food and drink, Æ: the act of feeding, eating, PPs; MkL (ē). [‘eat’ sb.] II. pret. 3 sg. of etan.

ǣt- = āte-

-ǣta v. self-ǣta.

ætǣwian = ætīewan

āetan^5 to eat, devour, AS 17^16; 37^5.

ætbēon anv. to be present.

ætberan^4 to carry to, bring, produce, show, Da: carry off, B. [‘atbear’]

ætberstan^3 to break out, or away, escape from, Æ. [‘atburst’]

ætbrēdan = ætbregdan

ætbrēdendlic ablative, #ÆGr# 23^7.

æt-bregdan, -brēdan^3 to take away, carry off, deprive of, snatch away, draw off, withdraw, Mt; Æ: release, rescue, enlarge: prevent, ÆL 31^126. [‘atbraid’]

ætclifian to adhere, #BJPs# 101^6.

ætclīðan to adhere, OET 181.

ætdēman to refuse, give judgment against, EC 202.

ætdōn anv. to take away, deprive.

ǣte = āte

ætēaca (eth-) m. ‘appendix,’ OEG 53^18.

ætēacnes = ætȳcnes

ætealdod too old, Æ (2^159).

ætēaw- = ætīew-, ætȳw-

ætēcan = ætȳcan

ætegār = ætgār [[under “ætgǣre”]]

æteglan to harm, #PPs# 88^19.

ætēode pret. 3 sg. of *ætgān he came.

ǣteorian = āteorian [[headword spelled “ātēorian”]]

ætēow- = ætīew-, ætȳw-

ætercyn = atorcyn [[headword spelled “ātorcyn”]]

ǣtere (ē^1) m. ‘eater,’ glutton, Prov; NG.

ǣtern I. (NG) viper. II. = ǣtren

ætēw- = ætīew-, ætȳw-

ætfæstan (= oð-) to inflict on, afflict with: fasten to, drive into, impart to, CP 115^19: commit, entrust: marry to.

ætfæstnian to fasten? entrust? AS 21^19.

ætfaran^6 to escape, #Shr# 14^23.

ætfeallan^7 to fall, fall out: fall away, fail, be reduced, LL; Æ: happen. [‘atfall’]

ætfele m. adhesion, #PPs# 72^23.

ætfeng m. attaching, distraint v. LL 2·279.

ætfeohtan^2 † to grope about.

ætfēolan^3 to stick to: adhere, apply oneself to, continue in, CP.

ætfeorrian to take from, #Sc# 160^7.

ætferian to carry away, bear off.

ætfīlan = ætfēolan

ætflēon^2 to flee away, escape by flight, Æ. [‘atflee’]

ætflōwan^7 to flow together, accumulate, #SPs# 61^10.

ætfōn^7 to seize upon, lay claim to, LL. [‘atfong’]

ætforan I. prep. w. d. before, in the presence of, in front of, close by, Jn; Æ. [‘atfore’]. II. adv. beforehand (time).

ætfyligan, -fylgan to adhere, cling to.

æt-gædere (AO), -gæddre (CP), -gædre, -gæderum adv. together, united, at the same time. [gadrian]

æt-gǣre n., -gār m. spear, dart, javelin, #Gl#.

ætgangan^7 to go to, approach, Az 183. [‘atgo’]

ætgeddre, -gedre = ætgædere

ætgenumen removed, taken away, WW 529^39.

ǣtgiefa † (eo, i) m. food-giver, feeder.

ætgifan^5 to render, give, B 2878.

ætglīdan^1 to slip away, disappear, OEG 7^132.

ætgrǣpe seizing. æ. weorðan seize, B 1268.

æthabban to retain, Æ.

æthealdan^7 to keep back, #Sc# 109^18.

æthebban^6 to take away, take out, hold back, Æ: exalt oneself, CP 113^13.

æthindan prep. w. d. behind, after, Chr; Æ. [‘athinden’]

æthlēapan^7 to run away, flee, escape, W 162^5.

æthlȳp m. assault. [cp. ǣhlȳp]

æthrīnan^1 to touch, move, Mt; Æ. [‘atrine’]

æthrine m. touch.

æthwā each, every one.

æthwāre somewhat, #HGl# 421^37.

æt-hwega, -hwæga, -hweg(u) adv. somewhat, tolerably, a little: how.

æthweorfan^3 to return, go back, B 2299.

æthwōn adv. almost, nearly.

æthȳd ‘eviscerata,’ (skinned? BT), WW 392´.

ætiernan^3 to run away, Æ. [‘atrin’]

ætīewan (oð-; ē, ēa, ēo, ī, ȳ) pret. sg. -īe(w)de, (tr.) to show, reveal, display, disclose, manifest, Mt (ȳ), CP: (intr.) show oneself, become visible, appear, Mt (ȳ). [‘atew’]

ǣting f. eating, #Sc# 170^45 (ē): pasture? Mdf.

ǣtinge (y^2) speechless, OEG 46^45.

ætis pres. 3 sg. of ætwesan, ætbēon.

ætīw- = ætīew-, ætȳw-

ætlǣdan (= oð-) to drive away, Æ. [‘atlead’]

ǣtlic adj. eatable, WW, LkL (ē).

ætlicgan^5 to lie idle, ÆGr 2^22. [‘atlie’]

ætlimpan^3 to fall away from, escape, be lost, Æ.

ætlūtian to lurk, hide, Æ. [‘atlutien’]

ætnēhstan (ȳ) adv. at last.

ætnes f. edibility, WW 226^11.

ætniman^4 to take away, deprive of, #Ex# 414.

ætol = etol

ǣton pret. pl. of etan.

ǣtor = ātor

ǣtorcynn = ātorcynn [[headword spelled “ātorcyn”]]

ǣtran = ǣtrian

ætreccan w. d. and a. to declare forfeit, deprive of, #Lcd#.

ǣtren poisoned, poisonous, MtL (-ern). [‘attern’]

ǣtrenmōd of venomous spirit, malignant (or? two words), #GnE# 163.

ǣtrennes f. poisonous nature, #Lcd# 55a.

±ǣtrian to poison, AO: become poisonous. [‘atter’]

ætrig poisonous, Lcd; Æ. [‘attery’]

ætrihte (y) I. adj. right at, near, present, at hand. II. adv. almost, nearly.

ætsacan^6 to deny, Lk; Æ: renounce, Mk. [‘atsake’]

ætsamne (æ, e, o) adv. united, together, at once, AO.

ætscēotan^2 to escape, disappear, MF (Vesp. D xiv).

ætscūfan^2 to shove away.

ætsittan^5 to sit by, remain, stay, Chr. [‘atsit’]

ætslāpan^7 to sleep beside, #Lcd# 83a.

ætslīdan^1 to slip, glide, fall, Æ.

ætsomne (Æ) = ætsamne

ætspornan^3 (u) to strike against, stumble, go wrong, CP: rebel (æt).

ætspornung f. offence, stumbling-block, misfortune, CM 230.

ætspringan^3 to rush forth, spurt out, B 1121. [‘atspring’]

ætspringnes, -sprung(en)nes f. defection.

ætspurnan = ætspornan

ætspyrning = ætspornung

ætst = itst pres. 2 sg. of etan.

ætst- = oðst-

ætstæl m. aid, assistance (GK); = ætsteall (BT), #Gu# 150.

ætstæppan^6 to step up to, B 745.

ætstandan^6 to stand still, stand at, near, in or by, Æ: remain, stand up: check, resist, Æ: cease, Lk; Æ. [‘atstand’]

ætstandend m. bystander, attendant, Æ.

ætstandende standing by, GD 284^21.

ætsteall m. assistance, meeting with hostile intent (GK): station, camp station (BT), #Wald# 1^21.

ætstent v. ætstandan.

ætstente v. ætstyntan.

ætstillan to still, #Lcd# 25b.

ætstrengan to withhold wrongfully, LL 206´.

ætstyntan to blunt, dull, weaken.

ætswerian^6 to deny on oath, LL.

ætswīgan to keep silence about (be) GD 217^18.

ætswimman^3 to escape by swimming, swim out, #Chr# 918.

āettan (āyttan) to eat up.

ǣtter, ǣttor = ātor

ǣttr- = ætr-

ætðringan^3 to take away from, deprive of.

ætweaxan^1 to increase (Swt.).

ætwegan^5 to bear away, carry off, B 1198.

ǣtwela abundance of food, feast, #Soul# 123.

ætwenian to wean from, LL 368´.

ætwesan anv. to be at hand.

ætwesende at hand, imminent, WW.

ætwindan^3 to escape, Æ. [‘atwind’]

ætwist I. † f. presence. II. = edwist

ætwītan^6 to reproach (with), censure, taunt, Met, Ps; CP. [‘atwite’]

ætwrencan to seize by fraud.

ætȳcan to add to, increase, BH. [īecan]

ætȳcnes f. increase, BH.

ǣtȳnan = ontȳnan

ǣtynge = ǣtinge

ætys = ætis pres. 3 sg. of ætwesan.

æt-ȳwan, -ȳwian = ætīewan

ætȳwednes f. showing, appearance, manifestation, revelation, GD.

ætȳwigendlic demonstrative, #ÆGr#.

ætȳwnes f. showing, manifestation, revelation: apparition, Æ: Epiphany.

ætȳwung f. manifestation, Epiphany, CM 531.

ǣðan I. (±)to make oath, swear. [āð] II. = īðan

æðel = æðele

ǣðel == ēðel

æðelboren of noble birth, distinguished, Æ: free-born, Æ: inborn, natural.

æðelborennes f. nobility of birth or nature, Æ: inborn nature, OEG 4518.

æðelcund of noble birth.

æðelcundnes f. nobleness, #Bo# 46^13.

æðelcyning m. noble king (Christ), Æ.

æðelduguð f. noble retinue, #Cr# 1012.

æðele noble, aristocratic, excellent, famous, glorious, Ex, Gen; Æ, AO, CP: splendid, fine, costly, valuable: lusty, young: pleasant, sweet-smelling, Gen: (+)natural, congenial, suitable. [‘athel’]

æðel-ferðingwyrt, -fyrdingwyrt f. stitch-wort (plant), #Lcd#.

+æðelian † to make noble or renowned, Hy. [‘i-athele’]

æðelic = æðellic

āðelic = ēaðelic

æðeling m. man of royal blood, nobleman, chief, prince, AO, #Chr# (v. LL 2·274): †king, Christ, God, Cr: †man, hero, saint; in pl. men, people, Gen. [‘atheling’]

æðelinghād n. princely state, #Lcd# 3·438^5.

æðellic noble, excellent. adv. -līce.

æðelnes f. nobility, excellence.

æðelo = æðelu

æðelstenc m. sweet smell, #Ph# 195.

æðeltungol † n. noble star.

æðelu fn. nobility, family, descent, origin, CP: nature: noble qualities, genius, talents, pre-eminence, Bo: produce, growth. [‘athel’]

ǣð- = ēð-

ǣðm (ē) m. air, breath, breathing, CP; Sat. (ē): vapour, B: blast, Æ. [‘ethem’]

ǣðmian to fume, exhale, emit a smell.

ǣðre = ǣdre

ǣðreclic terrible, #RPs# 95^4.

ǣðret- = āðryt-

ǣðrot n. disgust, weariness. [āðrēotan]

ǣðryt I. troublesome, wearisome, disgusting. II. n. weariness, disgust, tediousness, Æ.

ǣðryte = ǣðryt I.

ǣðrytnes f. tedium, v. OEG 4582.

ǣðryttan to weary, Æ.

æðða (Bd, Death-song) = oððe

ǣw I. = ǣ. II. = ǣwe

ǣwǣde without clothes, WW 230^38.

ǣwan to despise, scorn, #Ps#.

ǣwbrǣce despising the law, Æ: adulterous, LL.

ǣwbreca (i, y) m. adulterer, LL (y). [‘eaubruche^2’]

ǣwbryce m. adultery, Æ; LL. [‘eaubruche^1’]

ǣwda, æwdamann m. witness, compurgator, LL.

ǣwe I. fn. married woman, Æ: married people. II. lawful: married: born of the same marriage.

ǣwelm = ǣwielm

ǣwenbrōðor m. brother by the same marriage, WW 413^29.

ǣwēne doubtful, uncertain.

ǣwerd adj.? religious, or sb.? regular priest, ANS 128·298. [cp. ǣweweard]

æwerdla = æfwyrdla

ǣweweard m. priest, #Bl# 161^27.

ǣwfæst upright, pious, devout, religious, Æ, CP: married, Æ.

ǣwfæsten n. legal or public fast.

ǣwfæstlic lawful: religious, CP (ǣf-). adv. -līce.

ǣwfæstnes f. religion, piety.

ǣwicnes f. eternity, #RPs# 102^17 (v. p. 303).

ǣwielm (e, i, y), -wielme m. source, fount, spring, beginning, AO, CP. [= ēawylm]

ǣwintre = ānwintre

ǣwis- = ǣwisc-

ǣwisc I. nf. offence, shame, disgrace, dishonour, AO. [Goth. aiwisks] II. disgraced, shameless, indecent.

ǣwiscberende disgraceful, shameful, WW 264^42.

ǣwisce = ǣwisc I.

ǣwisc-ferinend (#Gl#), -firina (NG) m. shameless sinner, publican.

ǣwisclic disgraceful, infamous, OEG.

ǣwiscmōd ashamed, abashed, cowed.

ǣwiscnes f. shameless conduct: reverence.

ǣwita m. counsellor, #El# 455.

ǣwlic legal, lawful. adv. -līce.

±ǣwnian to marry, Æ.

ǣwnung f. wedlock, OEG.

ǣwul basket with a narrow neck for catching fish, WW 181^11. [?= cawl, BT]

ǣwumboren lawfully born, LL 76´.

ǣwung = ǣwnung

ǣwunge = ēawunge [[under “ēawunga”]]

ǣwyll m. stream, BC 1·542.

ǣ-wylm, -wylme = ǣwielm

æwyrdla = æfwyrdla

ǣwyrp m. throwing away: what is cast away: an abortion. [āweorpan]

ǣwysc- = æwisc-

æx == æcs, eax

æxe = asce

æxeȳr f. axe-head, #Chr# 1012#e#. [ȳr]

æxfaru f. ‘apparatus,’ naval expedition? (= æsc-? v. ES 37·184), #Gl#.

æxian = ascian [[headword spelled “āscian”]]

æxl = eaxl

æxs = æcs

āfǣdan = āfēdan

āfǣgan to depict, figure, BH. [fāg]

āfǣgrian (æ) to ornament, adorn, BH.

ā-fælan, -fællan = āfyllan II.

āfǣman to foam out, #PPs# 118^131.

āfǣran to frighten, PPs, Mk, Chr; AO, CP. [‘afear,’ ‘afeared’]

āfæst = ǣwfæst

āfæstan I. to fast, LL, W. II. to let out on hire, MkR 12^1.

āfæstla interj. certainly! assuredly! Æ.

āfæstnian (e) to fix upon, fasten, make firm, confirm, AO: enter, inscribe, Æ: build.

āfǣttian to fatten, anoint, #APs# 22^6; #LPs# 140^5.

āfandelic = āfandodlic [[under “āfandigendlic”]]

āfandian to try, test, prove, tempt, Lk, Lcd; Æ, CP: find out, experience, Æ. āfandod (and āfanden?) approved, excellent, Æ.

āfand-igendlic, -odlic proved, approved, laudable. adv. -odlīce.

āfandung f. trial, Æ.

āfangennes f. reception, acceptance.

afara = eafora

āfaran to go out, depart, march, travel, Æ, AO; Da 6. [‘afare’]

āfeallan^7 to fall down, fall in battle, Lk; CP: fall off, decay. [‘afalle’]

āfeallan = āfyllan

āfēdan to feed, nourish, bring up, maintain, support, Æ; AO: bring forth, produce. [‘afede’]

āfēgan to join, DR (oe).

āfehtan (DR) = āfeohtan

āfellan = āfyllan

āfelle = ǣfelle

āfeohtan^3 to fight, fight against, attack, AO: tear out, destroy.

āfēon ‘odisse,’ #PPs#.

āfeormian to cleanse, purge, purify.

āfeormung f. scouring, cleansing, purging, #Sc#.

ā-feorran, -feorrian (CP) = āfierran

āfeorsian to remove, do away, expel, dispel, Æ: go away.

āfer = āfor

afera = eafora

āfēran = āfǣran

aferian to provide horses for team work (as service for a lord), v. ANS 109·73f.

ā-ferian (#Gl#), -ferran = āfierran

āferscan to become fresh, #Bo# 86^20.

āfersian = āfeorsian

āfestnian (WW 49^8) = āfæstnian

afetigan = hafetian

āfierran (eo, i, y) to remove, withdraw, depart: estrange from, take away, expel, drive away, CP. [feorr]

āfierrednes (y) f. removal, NC 270.

āfīgen fried, #Gl#.

āfilgan to pursue, #Gen# 14^15.

āfindan^3 (= on-) to find, find out, discover, detect, Jn; Æ: experience, feel, Æ. [‘afind’]

āfir- = āfierr-, āfeor-, āfyr-

āfirðan (= y) to remove, #Lcd# 1·294n.

āflægen pp. of āflēan.

āflǣman = āflīeman

āflēan^6 to strip off, flay, GD.

āflēgan (DR) = āflīegan

āflēman = āflīeman

āflēon^2, -flēogan to fly, flee away, Gu: fly from, escape. [‘aflee’]

āflēotan^2 to skim, #Lcd#.

āflīan = āflīegan

āflīegan (ī, ȳ) to put to flight, expel, Æ (ī). [‘afley’]

āflīeman (ȳ) to put to flight, expel, scatter, disperse, rout, Chr; CP: banish. [‘afleme’]

āflīgan = āflīegan

āflīgung f. attack? #Lcd# 1·338^12.

-āflīung v. mete-ā.

āflōwan^7 to flow, flow away or from, pass away, AO, CP.

āflȳg-, āflȳh- = āflīeg-

āflygennes f. attack (BT), #Lcd# 1·366^7.

āflȳman = āflīeman

āfōgian = āwōgian

afol n. power, might, LL (304^22).

āfōn (= on-) to receive, take in, take, Mk, Ps: lay hold of, seize, MtR, Jul: hold up support. [‘afong’]

āfondian = āfandian

āfor bitter, acid, sour, sharp: dire, fierce severe, harsh, impetuous. [OHG. eivar, eibar]

afora = eafora

āforhtian to be frightened, take fright, wonder at, Æ.

ā-frēfran, -frēfrian to comfort, console, make glad, CP. [frōfor]

āfrem-dan, -dian to alienate, Æ: become alienated.

āfremðan (#VPs#) = āfremdan

āfremðung f. alienation, VHy.

āfrēoðan^2 to froth, #Lcd# 45b.

āfrēon (-ia, N) to deliver, free.

afslōg = ofslōg [[form of “ofslēan”]]

after = æfter

āfūlian to become foul, putrefy, rot, be corrupt, defiled.

afulic perverse. v. ES 42·162.

āfulliend m. fuller, MkR 9^3.

āfunde rare wk. pret. 3 sg. of āfindan.

āfundennes f. invention, device, discovery, Æ.

āfȳlan to foul, stain, defile, corrupt, CP; Æ. [‘afile’]

āfyllan I. (w. g. or d.) to fill, fill up, replenish, satisfy, Æ; AO: complete, fulfil. [‘afill’]. II. (y = ie) to cause to fall, fell, beat down, overturn, subvert, demolish, abolish, Lk; Æ: slay, kill. [‘afelle’]

āfyndan = āfindan

āfyr- = āfierr-

āfȳran to emasculate. āfȳred (CP), āfȳrd pp. as sb. eunuch.

āfyrhtan to frighten, terrify, Æ, AO.

āfȳrida = āfȳred

āfyrran = āfierran

āfyrsian = āfeorsian

āfȳsan (intr.) to hasten: inspire with longing, #Bl#: (tr.) urge, impel, excite: drive away. [fūs]

āga m. proprietor, owner, GD 230^11.

āgǣlan to hinder, keep back, preoccupy, detain, hold back, retard, delay, AO: neglect, CP: profane.

āgǣlwan to terrify, astonish, AO.

āgalan^6 to sound forth, sing, chant.

āgald = āgeald pret. 3 sg. of āgieldan.

āgālian to become slack, CP 65^18.

āgan I. (conj. Wt 546) to own, possess, have, obtain, An, Bo, Ma, Mt; AO, CP: give, give up, deliver, restore: have to pay, ‘owe,’ Mt, Lk: have to do, ANS 123·417. ā. ūt find out, discover. II. pret. 3 sg. of āginnan (onginnan).

āgān (conj. v. gān) to go, go by, pass (of time), Mk. of ā. go away: occur, befal, Æ: come forth, grow, Ps: approach: lose strength. [‘ago’]

āgangan = āgān

āge f. possessions, property. [ON. eiga]

agēan == ongēan

āgehwǣr = ǣhwǣr

āgeldan I. †to punish. II. = āgieldan

āgēlwan = āgǣlwan

āgēman = āgȳman

āgen I. ‘own,’ proper, peculiar, BH, Sat, Mt; AO, CP, #Chr#, Æ. ā. cyre freewill. āgnes ðonces voluntarily, spontaneously: proper (gram.), #ÆGr#. II. n. property, LL: own country. III. pp. of āgan.

āgēn == ongēan

agēnbewendan to return.

āgēncuman^4 to return, Lk 8^40.

āgend m. owner, possessor, master, lord. se ā. the Lord.

āgendfrēa I. m. lord, owner. II. f. mistress? #Gen# 2237.

āgendfrēo = āgendfrēa

āgendlīce properly, as one’s own: imperiously, CP 145^5.

āgen-friga, -frige = āgendfrēa

āgēngehweorfan^3 to return.

āgēnhwyrfan to return.

āgēniernan^3 to run against, meet.

āgēnlǣdan to lead back, WW 91^9.

āgenlic own: owed, due, DR.

āgennama m. proper name, #ÆGr# 25^16.

āgennes f. property, Æ.

āgēnsendan to send back, Lk.

āgenslaga m. slayer of oneself, suicide, Æ.

āgēnstandan^6 to press, urge, Lk.

āgenung = āgnung

āgēode = āēode pret. 3 sg. of āgān.

āgeolwian to become yellow.

āgēomrian to mourn, grieve, GD.

āgeornan = āgyrnan

āgēotan^2 to pour out, pour forth, shed, MtL; CP: melt, found (of images): destroy: deprive (of), #Jud# 32. [‘ageten’]

āgētan = āgītan

āgiefan^5 (eo, i, y) to give, impart, deliver, give up, yield, relinquish, Mt (y): restore, return, repay, pay, AO. eft ā. give back, return. [‘agive’]

āgieldan^3 (e, i, y) to pay, repay, compensate, yield, restore, reward, AO: offer oneself, offer up (as a sacrifice): perform (an office), Æ (y): allow: to punish? #Ph# 408.

āgīemelēasian (i, y) to neglect, despise, CP. āgīmelēasod neglectful, careless, NC 337.

āgīeta = āgīta

āgifan (AO, CP) = āgiefan

āgifian to bestow, grant, DR 124^19.

āgift = ǣgift

āgildan (CP) = āgieldan

āgilde = ǣgilde

āgilpan^3 to exult in (w. d.), #Soul# 165.

āgiltan = āgyltan

āgīmelēasian (C) = āgīemelēasian

āgimmed set with precious stones, Æ.

āginnan = onginnan

āgīta m. prodigal, spendthrift, CP.

āgitan = ongietan

āgītan I. to waste, destroy, Chr. [‘aget’] II. = āgēotan

āglāchād m. state of misery, #Rd# 54^5.

āg-lǣc, -lāc † n. trouble, distress, oppression, misery, grief.

āglǣca † (ē) m. wretch, monster, demon, fierce enemy.

āglǣccræft (āc-) m. evil art, #An# 1364.

āglǣcwīf n. female monster, B 1259.

āglǣdan? to cause to slip. v. AB 19·163.

āglēca = āglǣca

āglīdan^1 to glide, slip, stumble.

agn- = angn-

āgnere m. owner, #ÆGr# 110^19.

āgnes = āgenes gmn. of āgen adj.

āgnett n. interest, usury, LkL 19^23.

āgnettan to appropriate, #Gl#.

āgnettung f. ‘usurpatura’? Lk 19^23 (ES 42·163).

±āgnian to ‘own,’ Rd: claim: appropriate, usurp, Bo, Mt; CP: make over (to), Æ.

āgnīdan^1 to rub off, WW 386^16.

āgniden I. f. rubbing, #Gl#? (v. A 31·533). II. used, threadbare, WW 220^24.

āgniend (āh) m. owner, possessor.

±āgniendlic possessive, genitive (case), #ÆGr#.

+āgnod own, CP 262^23.

āgnung f. owning, ownership, possession: claim, declaration or proof of ownership.

āgotenes f. effusion, shedding.

āgrafan^6 to curve, hew, sculpture, Æ: engrave, inscribe, Æ.

āgrafenlic sculptured, #ARSPs# 105^19.

āgrāpian to grasp tightly, ÆL 8^121.

āgrētan (oe) to attack, LkLR 9^42.

āgrimetian (y) to rage, GD.

āgrīsan^1 to quake, fear, LL. [‘agrise’]

āgrōwen overgrown.

āgryndan to descend, #Men# 111.

āgrȳsan = āgrīsan

agu f. magpie, WW 132^11.

Agustus m. August.

āgyf- = āgief-

āgyld- = āgield-, ǣgild-

āgylpan = āgilpan

āgyltan to offend, sin, do wrong, Æ; CP. [‘aguilt’]

āgyltend m. debtor.

āgylting f. guilt, offence, DR.

āgyltnes f. guilt, NC 270.

āgȳman (ē) to regard, contemplate, AS: heal, cure.

āgȳmelēasian = āgīemelēasian

āgymmed = āgimmed

agynnan = onginnan

āgyrnan to desire, be eager for, GD 205^19 (eo).

āgytan = ongietan

ah (AO, CP) = ac (conj. and adv.)

āh pres. 3 sg. of āgan.

āh- = āg-

āhabban to restrain: (refl.) abstain (fram): support.

āhaccian to pick out, ÆL 23^78.

āhæbban = āhebban

āhældan = āhildan

āhafennes f. rising, lifting up: elevation, pride.

āhalsian to implore.

āhangian to hang, LkL 23^39.

āhātan to name, MtL 27^16.

āhātian to become hot, WW 214^31.

āhealdan^7 (= on-) to hold, keep, DR, JnL.

āhealtian to limp, crawl, #LPs# 17^46.

āheardian to be or become hard, grow hard or inured, CP: endure.

āheardung f. hardening, #Lcd#.

āhēawan^7 to cut off, out or down, Æ, CP: cut wood into planks.

āhebban^6 (occl. wk. pret. āhefde and pp. āhefed) (often w. ūp) to lift up, stir up, raise, exalt, erect, Lk; CP: take away, remove: support, uphold: leaven. [‘aheave’]

āhebbian = āebbian

āhefednes = āhafennes

āhefegian (CP), -hef(i)gian (æ) to make heavy, oppress.

āheld (#VPs#) = āhyld pp. of āhyldan.

āhellian? to cover over, conceal, hide, OEG 5410.

āhelpan^3 to help, support (w. g.).

āhēnan to humble, LkL: accuse, NG. [hīenan; hēan]

āheolorian to weigh, consider, #Gl#.

āhēran = āhȳran

āherian to praise, DR.

āhērian = āhȳrian

āherstan (#BPs#) = āhyrstan

āheten pp. of āhatan. [[error for “āhātan”?]]

āhicgan = āhycgan

āhīenan v. āhēnan.

āhierdan (i, y) to make hard, harden, CP: encourage, animate. [heard]

āhīeðan = āhȳðan

āhildan (æ, e, y) to bend, incline, Æ: rest, lay down (tr. and intr.): turn away, avert: cast down, destroy.

āhirdan (CP) = āhierdan

āhīðan = āhȳðan

āhladan^6 to draw out, lead out, draw forth, Æ: exclude, #Bk# 18.

āhlǣca = āglǣca

āhlǣnan to set oneself up, #Mod# 53.

āhlǣnsian to become lean, Æ.

āhlēapan^7 to leap, spring up, AO.

āhlēfan (oe) to pull out, DR 55^10.

āhlēoðrian to sound, resound, GD.

āhlīehhan^6 to laugh at, deride: laugh out, exult.

āhlin-ian, -nan = ālinnan

āhlocian to dig out, #Gl#, MtR 5^29. [?= *ālocian, cp. lucan (BT) and v. ES 42·165]

āhlōwan to roar again, WW 492^11.

āhlūttrian to cleanse, purify.

āhlyhhan = āhliehhan [[headword spelled “āhlīehhan”]]

āhlȳttrian = āhlūttrian

āhn- = āgn-

āhnēopan^2 to pluck off, #Gu# 819.

āhnescian to become soft or effeminate, AO: weaken. [hnesce]

āhnīgan^1 to fall down: bow down.

āhogian to think out, be anxious about, GD.

āholan = āholian

āholian to hollow, scoop out, CP. ūt ā. to root out, pluck out: engrave, emboss.

āhōn^7 to hang, suspend, crucify, MkLR; AO, CP. [‘ahang’]

āhopian to hope for (tō), #Bl# 17^23.

āhrǣcan to spit out, #Lcd# 9a.

āhræscian to shake off? (BT), #LPs# 108^13.

āhreddan to set free, save, rescue, re-capture, AO; Æ. [‘aredde’]

āhredding f. salvation, deliverance, HL 9^281, EC 230.

āhrēofian to become leprous, MH 174^12.

āhrēosan^2 to rush: fall, fall down, Æ: be destroyed.

āhrepian to treat, FBO 80^5.

āhrēran (= on-) to move, shake, make to tremble, CP.

āhrīnan^1 (= on-) to touch, handle, Lk. [‘arine’]

āhrisian (y) to shake, stir up, CP: shake off. [‘arese’]

āhrȳnan = āhrīnan

āhrȳran to cause to fall, destroy, #Gl#.

āhrysian = āhrisian

ahse = asce

āhsian = āscian

aht = eaht

āht = āwiht

ahta = eahta

āhte, āhton pret. 3 sg. and pl. of āgan.

āhtes (= g. of āht) of any account or value.

āhtlīce stoutly, manfully, #Chr# (E).

āhwā pron. any one.

āhwǣnan to vex, grieve, afflict, Lcd; Æ. [‘awhene’]

āhwænne adv. when, whenever: at sometime, any time, RB: at all times.

āhwǣr (ā, ē) anywhere, Bo, LL, Æ: at any time, ever, in any way. [‘owhere’]

āhwǣrgen anywhere: in any case.

āhwæt n. anything.

āhwæðer (āwðer, āðer, āðor) I. pron. some one, something; any one: anything. II. adv. and conj. either, AO, CP. āðer...oððe = either...or, AO, LL. [‘outher’]

āhwanon = āhwonan

āhwār = āhwǣr

āhwelfan = āhwylfan

āhweorfan^3 (tr.) to turn, turn away, convert: (intr.) turn aside, turn away, Gen: avert. [‘ahwerf’]

āhwēr == āhwǣr

āhwerfan = āhwierfan

āhwettan to whet, excite, kindle, AO: hold out to, provide: reject.

āhwider in any direction, from any source, Æ.

āhwierfan to turn away, turn from, avert, CP.

āhwilc = ǣghwilc

āhwistlian v. āwistlian.

āhwītian to whiten, #BJPs# 50^9.

āhwonan from any source, anywhere.

āhwonne = āhwænne

āhwyder = āhwider

āhwylfan to cover over, submerge, subvert, Æ: to roll to, MP 1·592. up ā. pull up, loosen.

āhwyrfan = āhwierfan

āhycgan † to think out, devise.

āhȳdan to hide, conceal.

āhyldan = āhildan

āhyldendlic enclitic, #ÆGr# 265^1. [āhildan]

āhyltan to trip up, #PPs# 139^5.

āhȳran (ē) to hire.

āhyrdan = āhierdan

āhyrdung f. hardening, #Sc# 232^19.

āhȳrian = āhȳran

āhyrstan (= ie) to roast, fry, #Lcd# 33b; #BPs# 101^4 (e).

āhyspan to reproach, #LPs# 101^9.

āhȳðan (īe, ī) to plunder, destroy, devour. [hūð]

āīdan (ȳ)? ‘eliminare,’ v. OEG 7^109n; BT.

ā-īdlian, -īdlan, -īdelian to be or make useless, frustrate, empty, annul, Æ, CP: profane: be free from: deprive (of). [īdel]

āiernan^3 to run away, run out, go over: pass by, go.

āīeðan (ǣ, ī, ȳ) to lay low, demolish, destroy, cast out.

al = eall, æl

āl n. fire, burning, OEG 4389; 4470. [cp. ǣlan]

ālādian to excuse, #Bo# 144^5. ālādiendra ‘excussorum,’ #BPs# 126^4.

ālæccan to catch, take, #Chr# 1123.

ālǣdan (tr.) to lead, lead away, carry off, withdraw, conduct, bring, Æ: (intr.) be produced, grow, come forth.

ālænan to lend, Æ: grant, lease. [‘alene’]

ālær = alor

ālǣran to teach, #PPs# 118^108.

ālǣson pret. pl. of ālesan.

ālǣtan^7 to let go, give up, leave, lose, resign, lay aside, Jn; AO, CP: let, allow: release, pardon, forgive: deliver, Æ. [‘alet’]

ālǣtnes f. loss: remission (of sins).

alan^6 to nourish, produce. [Goth. alan]

ālangian (impers.) to affect with longing, Soul 154. [‘along’]

ālatian to grow sluggish or dull, #Gl#.

alað I. = ealað (v. ealu). II. pres. 3 sg. of alan.

ālāðian^1 (#Gl#) to be hateful: hate: threaten.

alb f. while garment, ‘alb,’ LL. [L.]

ald (EWS, EK, A) == eald

āld = ādl

ālecgan to put, place, lay down, lay aside, give up, cease from, abandon, LL; Æ, AO, CP. ālecgende word, ālecgendlic word deponent verb: put down, allay, suppress, abolish, conquer, destroy, overcome, refute, Æ, LL: lay upon, inflict: diminish, lessen, withhold, Æ. [‘allay’]

ālēd I. pp. of ālecgan. II. = ālǣd pp. of ālǣdan.

ālēfan = ālīefan

ālēfednes f. infirmity, ÆL 21^99.

ālēfian to injure, maim; enfeeble, Æ. pp. ill, Æ. [lēf]

ālenian (K) = ālynnan

ālēodan^2 † to spring up, grow.

āleofian = ālifian

ālēogan^2 to lie, deny, deceive, be false to, leave unfulfilled, Æ, AO.

ālēon^1 (= on-) to lend, give up, DR.

āleonian = ālynnan

ālēoran to depart, flee away, #VPs# 51^7.

āleoðian = āliðian

aler == alor

ālēs- = ālīes-

ālesan^5 to pick out, choose.

ālet (#Da# 254) = ǣled

ālētan = ālǣtan

ālēðran = ālȳðran

alewe, al(u)we f. ‘aloe,’ Jn, Lcd.

ālēwed ptc. feeble, weak, ill. [lēf]

alexandre f. horse-parsley, Lcd. [‘alexanders’]

alfæle (#An# 770) = ealfelo

ālfæt n. cooking vessel, cauldron. [ǣlan]

ālgeweorc n. fire-making, tinder, #Gl#.

algian = ealgian

alh == ealh

ālibban to live, pass one’s life, AO.

ālibbende everlasting.

ālicgan^5 to be subdued, fail, cease, yield, perish, AO.

ālīefan (ē, ī, ȳ) to allow, give leave to, grant, AO, CP: hand over, yield up.

ālīefedlic lawful, permissible. adv. -līce (CP, Æ).

ālīefednes (ȳ) f. permission.

ālīesan (ē, ī, ȳ) to loosen, let loose, free, redeem, release, absolve, Mt (ȳ), AO, CP. [‘alese’]

ālīes-ednes, -(e)nes (ē, ȳ) f. redemption, ransom, MtWLR: remission (of sins), ERHy 9^77.

ālīesend (ē, ī, ȳ) m. liberator, deliverer, Redeemer, CP.

ālīesendlic (ȳ) loosing, liberating, BH.

ālīesing, -līesnes (ȳ) = ālīesednes

ālīf n. eternal life, MFH 108^160.

ālīfan = ālīefan

ālifian = ālibban

ālīh (DR) imperat. sg. of ālēon.

ālīhtan to lighten, relieve, alleviate, take off, take away: ‘alight,’ ÆGr: (= onlīhtan) light up, Æ.

ālimpan^3 † to occur, happen.

ālinnan = ālynnan

ālīsend = ālīesend

āliðian (eo) to detach, separate, Gen: set free. [‘alithe’]

all (strictly Anglian, but found in AO, CP) == eal, eall

almes- = ælmes-

aln- = ealn-

alo- = ealu-

āloccian to entice, AO.

alor, al(e)r m. ‘alder,’ Gl, KC, Lcd; Mdf.

alordrenc m. drink made of alder sap? #Lcd# 40a.

alorholt nm. alder-wood, WW.

alorrind m. alder-bark, #Lcd# 12b.

aloð = ealu

alr == alor

alswā = ealswā

alter, altar(e), altre m. ‘altar,’ Æ; CP. [L. altare]

ālūcan^2 to pluck up, pull out, separate, take away.

ālutan^2 (= onl-) to bend, incline, bend or bow down, Æ. āloten pp. submissive.

aluwe, alwe = alewe

alwald- = eal(l)weald-

ālybban = ālibban

ālȳfan (Æ) = ālīefan

ālȳfed I. = ālīefed pp. of ālīefan. II. = ālēfed pp. of ālēfian.

ālȳfed- = ālīefed-

ālȳht- = onlīht-

ālyhtan = ālihtan [[headword spelled “ālīhtan”]]

ālȳman to come forth, shew forth.

ālynnan, -lynnian (e, eo, i) to deliver, let go, release, loosen, Æ.

ālȳs- = ālīes-

ālȳðran (ē) to lather, #Lcd#. [lēaðor]

am (NG) = eom

ām m. reed or slay of a loom, #Rd# 36^8.

āmællian = āmeallian

āmǣnsumian = āmānsumian

āmǣran I. to extol, GD 206^24. II. (usu. ūtāmǣr(i)an) to exterminate, BH.

āmæstan to feed with mast, fatten, feed up, CP.

āmagian (hamacgian) to revive, be restored to health, #Lcd# 3·184^21.

āman = onman [[form of “onmunan”]]

āmang prep. w. d. among, amongst: while, whilst, during. ā. ðām, ðissum meanwhile. [= gemang] [[listed as “+mang”]]

āmanian to exact, require, LL.

āmānsian = āmānsumian

āmānsung = āmānsumung

āmānsumian to excommunicate, anathematize, curse, proscribe, outlaw, BH; Æ, AO. [‘amanse’]

āmān-sumung, -sumnung f. excommunication, curse, Æ. [‘amansing’]

āmarod disturbed, troubled, confounded. [cp. āmyrred] [[form of “āmyrran”?]]

āmasian to amaze, confound.

āmāwan^7 to cut down, #PPs# 101^4.

āmb (A 9·265) = ām

ambeht == ambiht

amber (e^1, o^1, æ^2, o^2, u^2) mfn. vessel, pail, pitcher, tankard: cask, dry or liquid measure (? four bushels). [L. amphora]

ambiht (e^1, o^1, y^1, e^2) I. n. office, service: commission, command, message. II. m. attendant, messenger, officer.

+ambihtan (embe-) to minister, serve, NG.

ambihtere (embe-) m. servant, #LkL# 22^26.

ambihthēra obedient servant, #Gu# 571 (o^1).

ambihthūs n. workshop, ‘officina,’ CM 1087.

ambihtmann m. manservant.

ambihtmecg † (o^1, e^2, y^2) m. servant.

ambihtnes, -sumnes (emb-) f. service, NG.

ambihtscealc † m. functionary, retainer.

ambihtsecg sm. minister, #Gen# 582.

ambihtsmið m. court smith or carpenter, LL 3[7].

ambihtðegn (omb-) † m. attendant, servant.

ambyht = ambiht

ambyre favourable, fair, AO. [and, byre]

ambyrian (OEG 11^142) = onbyrgan II.

āmeallian (æ) to become insipid, v. OEG 61^4.

āmeareian to mark out, delineate, define, describe: destine, assign, appoint.

amel m. sacred vessel, WW 348. [L.]

āmelcan^3 to milk, #Lcd#.

āmeldian to let out, make known, betray, Æ, AO.

ameos ‘ammeos,’ bishop-weed, #Lcd# 71b. [Gk.]

amerian = hamorian

āmerian to test, examine: purify, refine.

āmerran = āmierran

āmetan^5 to measure, estimate: mete out, assign, grant, bestow, Æ.

āmētan to paint, depict, CP: adorn, Æ.

āmetendlic compendious, measurable, limited. adv. -līce.

āmethwīl = ǣmethwīl

āmetsian to provision, #Chr# 1006#e#.

āmiddan = onmiddan

āmidian to be foolish, RHy 6^6.

āmīdlod unbridled, WW 226^38.

āmierran (e, i, y) to hinder, obstruct, prevent, delay, CP: mar, injure, disturb, scatter, consume, waste, spoil, destroy, Lk, Bo; AO, CP: lose. [‘amar’]

āmigdal m. almond, #Lcd#. [Gk.]

āmōd = ǣmōd

āmolcen pp. of āmelcan.

āmolsnian to decay, weaken, W 147^29.

āmolten molten, ÆL 5^234.

amore f. a kind of bird, yellow-hammer? [cp. emer]

am-pella, -pulla m. flask, vessel. [L.]

ampre I. ‘varix,’ tumour, swelling, Gl. [‘amper’] II. f. dock, sorrel, #Lcd#.

āmundian to protect, defend, Æ.

āmyltan (tr.) to melt, Æ.

āmyrdrian (LL 348, 56#a#) = āmyrðrian [[under “āmyrðran”]]

āmyrgan to delight, cheer, #Sol# 240.

āmyrian = āmerian

āmyrran = (1) āmierran; (2) (LL 348, 56#g,b#) āmyrðran

ā-myrðran, -myrðrian to murder, kill, LL; #Chr# 1049#c#. [‘amurder’]

an I. adv. and prep. = on. II. pres. 1 sg. of unnan.

an- in composition represents (1) and-; (2) un-; (3) in-; (4) on-.

ān I. adj. strong mfn. (asm. ānne, ǣnne) ‘one,’ Mt, Æ. in plur. each, every one, all. ān and (æfter) ān one by one. ānes hwæt some single thing, a part, B: a, an: alone, sole, only; in this sense it is used also in the weak form (sē āna; hē āna, AO, CP) and with a pl.: singular, unique: single, each, every one, all (gp. ānra): any. II. adv. (also wk. āna) alone, only. on ān continually, continuously, ever, in one, once for all, immediately. ðæt ān only that.

ana = heonu

āna v. ān.

ānad, ānæd † n. waste, desert, solitude. [Ger. einöde]

ānæglian to nail, #Nar# 4^25.

anǣl- = onǣl-

anæðelian to degrade, #Bo, Met#.

+ānan to unite, BH 214^3.

ananbēam m. spindle-tree, #Lcd# 29b.

anawyrm m. intestinal worm, #Lcd# 43b.

anbærnes = onbærnes [[under “onbærning”]]

anbestingan^3 to thrust in, insert, CP.

anbid (= on-) n. waiting, expectation, hope; AO, CP: interval, AO.

±an-bidian (on-) intr. to wait, stay: tr. w. g. wait for, expect.

anbidstōw (on-) f. place of meeting, LL.

anbidung m. waiting for, expectation: delay, OEG 3396.

anbiht = ambiht

anbindan = onbindan

anbiscopod = unbiscopod

ānboren † ptc. only-begotten.

anbringelle = onbringelle

anbrōce (#El# 1029) = unbrǣce?

anbrucol (= on-) rugged, GPH 402.

anbryrd- = onbryrd-

ānbūend m. hermit, anchorite, #Gu# 59.

anbūgan (AO, CP) = onbūgan

anbyhtscealc = ambihtscealc

ānbȳme made of one trunk, dug-out (ship), WW 181^33.

±anbyrdan (and-) to strive against, resist, oppose, attack.

anbyrdnes f. resistance, LL 214[14].

anbyrignes (= on-) f. tasting, taste, WW.

ān-cenned (æ^2), -cend, only-begotten, Æ.

ancer == ancor

an-clēow n., -clēowe f. ‘ankle,’ Lcd, Æ.

ancnāwan = oncnāwan

ancor m. ‘anchor,’ B, Bo; CP. [L. ancora; from Gk.]

ān-cor, -cora m. anchorite, hermit, Æ. [L. anachoreta; from Gk.]

ancorbend (oncer-) m. cable, B 1918.

āncorlic like a hermit, WW 463^7.

āncorlīf n. solitary life, BH.

ancorman m. man in charge of the anchor, WW 166^7.

ancorrāp m. anchor rope, cable.

ancorsetl n. prow of a ship.

āncorsetl n. hermitage, Æ.

āncorsetla m. hermit, Æ.

āncorstōw f. solitary place, BH 424^12.

ancorstreng (ancer-) m. cable.

ancra = ancor

āncra (a^1?) m. anchorite, hermit, monk, WW; Æ. [‘anchor’]

ancsum == angsum

ancuman^4 to arrive, #Gen# 1884.

āncummum one by one, singly, NG.

āncyn adj. only, A 2·358; #LPs# 21^21.

and conj. ‘and,’ but. gelīce and... like as if... AO.

and- = an-, on-, ond- (opposition, negation. Ger. ent-): and occasionally a-.

anda m. grudge, enmity, envy, anger, vexation, Mt; Æ: zeal, Æ, CP: injury, mischief: fear, horror, NG. [‘ande,’ ‘onde’]

āndæge † for one day, lasting a day.

andæt- = andet-

āndaga m. appointed day, Æ.

±āndagian to fix a day for appearance: adjourn, EC 163.

andb- = anb-, onb-

andbēcnian to make signs to, WW.

andbita m. feast (of unleavened bread).

andclēow = anclēow

andcweðan ‘contradicere, frustrari,’ #HGl# 491.

andcwiss f. answer, #Gu# 992.

andcȳðnes f. evidence, BH 158^5.

andd- = and-, ond-

ande == ende

andēages (æ) eye to eye, in the face, openly? B 1935.

andēaw arrogant, ostentatious, #Sc#.

andefn, -efen f. measure, quantity, amount, AO: capacity, nature, CP.

andel-bær, -bǣre reversed, OEG.

andergilde at little cost? (BT).

andet- = andett-

andetla m. declaration, confession, LL 18[22].

±andetnes (ond- CP) f. confession, Æ: thanksgiving, praise.

andetta m. one who confesses. a. bēon to acknowledge.

±andettan to confess, acknowledge, Æ, CP: give thanks or praise: promise, vow. [and, hātan]

andett-end, -ere m. confessor.

andettian = andettan

andettung m. confession, profession, CP.

andfang m. acceptance.

andfangol ‘susceptor,’ #LPs# 45^12.

āndfealdlīce = ānfealdlīce

andfeax bald, W 46^1.

andfeng (on-) m. seizing, receiving, taking, Æ, RB: defence: defender: attack, assault: revenue, means, Lk 14^28, #Bk# 10: illegal occupation of (land).

andfenga m. receiver, defender, undertaker, #Ps#.

andfenge I. acceptable, agreeable, approved, fit, suitable, Æ, CP: that can receive: taken. II. m. undertaker: receptacle.

andfengend m. defender, #Ps#: receiver. gafoles a. tax collector.

andfengestōw f. receptacle, WW 213^43.

andfengnes f. acceptance, receiving: receptacle: acceptableness, W 253^21.

andfex = andfeax

andgelōman = andlōman

andget == andgit [[under “andgiet”]]

andgete † adj. plain, manifest. [andgiete] [[under “andgiet”]]

andgiet (ond-; e, i, y) n., andgiete f. understanding, intellect, Mt; Æ, CP: knowledge, perception, CP: sense, meaning, Æ, CP: one of the five senses: plan, purpose. [‘angit’]

andgiet- = andgit-

andgitful intelligent, sensible.

andgitfullic intelligible, clear. adv. -līce.

andgitlēas foolish, senseless, Æ.

andgitlēast f. want of understanding, Æ.

andgitlic = andgitfullic

andgitol intelligent, sensible.

andgittācen ‡ (ie^2) n. sensible token, sign.

andgyt = andgiet

andgyt- = andgit-

[[Printed on one line: andgyt == andgiet, -git]]

andhēafod n. heading, unploughed headland of a field, EC.

andhetan, andhettan = andettan

andhweorfan^3 to move against, blow against, B 548. [or ? onhweorfan]

andian to be envious or jealous.

andig envious, jealous, OEG.

andlāman = andlōman

andlang (o^1, o^2) I. adj. entire, continuous, extended. andlangne dæg, niht all day (night) long, An, Gu. [‘along’] II. prep. w. g. ‘along,’ by the side of, Æ, Chr, KC; AO.

andlangcempa (anl-) soldier fighting in line, WW 450^18.

andlata (#Cr# 1436) = andwlita

andlēan † n. retribution, retaliation.

and-leofen (ie, i, y) f., -leofa m. sustenance, nourishment, food: money, wages. [libban]

andlīcnes = onlīcnes

andliefen (AO, CP), andlifen = andleofen

andlōman (ā^2, u^2) m. pl. utensils, implements, vessels.

andlong = andlang

andlyfen = andleofen

andmitta = anmitta

andrecefæt? n. wine or oil press, WW 123^37.

andriesne = ondrysne

an-drysen-, -drysn- = ondrys(e)n-

and-rysno f. respect, reverence: etiquette.

andsaca m. adversary: denier, apostate.

andsacian to dispute, deny, CP.

andsæc m. denial, oath of purgation, El, LL: refusal: strife, resistance. [‘andsech’]

andsǣte adj. hateful, odious, repugnant, Æ: hostile. [‘andsete’]

andslyht † m. blow.

andspeornan^3 to stumble against, NG.

andspyrnes f. offence, MtR 16^23.

āndstreces = ānstreces

and-sumnes, -sundnes (= on-) f. purity, chastity, virginity. v. OEG 1696.

±andswarian to ‘answer,’ Lk; Æ, CP.

andswaru f. ‘answer,’ reply, B, Jn; CP.

and-swerian (#VPs#), -sworian = andswarian

andsȳn = ansīen

and-timber, -tymber = ontimber

andðracian = onðracian

andðræce = onðræce

andung f. jealousy, #LPs# 77^58.

andūstrian ‘detestari,’ MtR 26^74.

andūstrung f. ‘abominatio,’ MtR 24^15.

andwǣscan = ādwǣscan

andwǣt moist.

andward- = andweard-

andweal- = onweal-

andweard (+ at AS 63^14) present, actual, existing, Æ, CP: opposite to.

±andweardian to present, bring before one. (+andweardian also = andwyrdian.)

andweardlic present, actual. adv. -līce.

andweardnes f. presence, CP: present time.

andwendednes = onwendednes

andweorc n. matter, substance, material, CP: cause.

andwerd == and-weard, -wyrd

andwīg m. resistance, #Gu# 147.

andwille = ānwille

andwirdan = andwyrdan

andwīs expert, skilful, #Jul# 244.

andwīsnes f. experience, WW 20^5.

andwist f. support? station? #An# 1542.

andwlata = andwlita

+andwlatod ‘frontosus,’ OEG 8^365.

andwlita (a, eo) m. face, forehead, countenance, form, B, MtR; AO, CP. [‘anleth’]

andwlite n. = andwlita

andwliteful ‘vultuosus,’ GPH 393.

andwrāð hostile, enraged, #Pa# 17.

and-wurd, -wyrd == andweard [[under “andwurd”]]

±and-wyrdan, -wyrdian (e, i) to answer, Æ, Mt; AO, CP: (+an-) ‘conspirare,’ WW 209^42. [‘andwurde’]

andwyrde n. answer, AO.

andwyrding f. ‘conspiratio,’ WW 373^11.

andȳde pret. of andōn (ondōn).

andytt- = andett-

āne (1) = ǣne, (2) heonu.

ān-ēage, -ē(a)gede (ÆL) ‘one-eyed,’ blind of one eye.

ānecge adj. having one edge, Æ.

+āned v. ānian.

ānēge, ānēgede = ānēage

ānēhst = ānīhst [[headword spelled “anihst”]]

ānemnan to announce, declare, Gu. [‘aname’]

ānerian to deliver, rescue, #LPs# 24^15; #EPs# 49^22.

ānes = ǣnes

ānescian = āhnescian

ānett mn., ānetnes f. solitude, seclusion, CP.

anf- = onf-

ān-feald, -fald, -fealdlic single, unmixed, singular, unique, superior, Æ; CP: simple, modest, honest, sincere, Mt; CP: fixed, invariable. ā. gerecednes or sprǣc prose. [‘afald’] adv. -līce.

ānfealdnes f. unity, concord, AO: simplicity, CP.

anfealt f. anvil, OEG 11^67 and n. [cp. anfilte] [[under “anfilt”]]

anfeng == andfeng

ānfēte one-footed, #Rd# 59^1.

an-filt (Æ), -filte (Gl), n. ‘anvil.’

anfindan = onfindan

ānfloga m. lonely flier, #Seaf# 62.

anfōn (AO) == onfōn

anforht fearful, #Cross# 117.

ānforlǣtan^7 to let go, lose, relinquish, abandon, surrender, CP: omit, neglect.

ānforlǣtnes f. loss, desertion, #Bl# 85^31: intermission.

anforngean in front of, MF (Vesp. D xiv).

anga (o) m. stimulus, sting, goad, CP.

ānga (ǣ, ē) sole, only: solitary.

angbrēost n. tightness of the chest, asthma, #Lcd#.

ange = enge

angeald pret. 3 sg. of angildan.

angēan == ongēan

angel I. m. ‘angle,’ hook, fish-hook, Bo, MtL (ongul). II. m. = engel

Angel n. Anglen, a district in Schleswig, from which the Angles came, AO.

Angelcynn n. the English people: England, AO.

āngeld = āngilde

angelic like, similar, #Bo# 44^18.

angeltwicce fm. a certain worm used as bait, earthworm? WW, Lcd. [‘angletwitch’]

Angelðeod f. the English people: England.

āngenga I. solitary, isolated, Æ. II. m. solitary goer, isolated one, B.

angerǣd = ungerād

āngetrum n. illustrious company, #Ex# 334.

angeweald = onweald

±angian to be in anguish, #RPs# 60^3; 142^4.

angien = anginn

angil = angel I.

angildan = ongieldan

āngilde (e, y) I. n. single payment or rate of compensation for damage, LL: the fixed price at which cattle and other goods were received as currency, LL. [‘angild’] II. adj. to be compensated for. III. adv. simply, only, LL.

āngildes = āngilde III.

anginn n. beginning, Æ; AO, CP: intention, design, enterprise, undertaking, CP: action, onset, attack: rising (of sun). [‘angin’]

anginnan (AO) = onginnan

angitan = ongietan

angitful = andgitful

Angle mp. the Angles or English (who came from Anglen; v. Angel, Engle).

angmōd sad, sorrowful.

angmōdnes f. sadness, sorrow, W 188^6.

angnægl m. corn, ‘agnail,’ Lcd 30b.

angnere (on-) m. corner of the eye, WW 423^34.

angnes f. anxiety, uneasiness, trouble, pain, anguish, fear.

angol- = angel-, ongol-

angrisla (y) m. terror, #Bl# 203^7.

angrislic (y^2) grisly, terrible. adv. -(en)līce.

ang-set, -seta m. eruption, pustule, carbuncle, WW.

angsum narrow, hard, difficult.

±angsumian to vex, afflict, Æ.

angsumlic troublesome, anxious, painful. adv. -līce Æ.

angsumnes f. pain, Æ: sorrow, trouble: difficulty, perplexity.

āngum = ǣnigum dat. of ǣnig.

āngyld, āngylde = āngilde

angyn = onginn

angytan = ongietan

anh- = onh-

ānhaga (o^2) † m. solitary being, recluse.

anhende (= on-) on hand, requiring attention, AO 88^24.

ānhende one-handed, lame, weak, Æ.

ānhīwe ‘uniformis,’ OEG 1046.

anhoga m. care, anxiety, #Gu# 970.

ānhoga = ānhaga

ānhorn, ānhorna m. unicorn, #Ps#.

ānhrǣdlīce = ānrǣdlīce

ānhundwintre a hundred years old.

ānhȳdig † resolute, firm, constant, stubborn, brave.

ānhyrne I. one-horned, having one horn. II. m. unicorn.

ānhyrn-ed, -e(n)de having one horn, #Ps#.

+ānian to unite, BH 214. [‘one’ vb.]

ānīdan (ē, ȳ) to restrain, repel: force. ūt a. expel, drive out. [nīed]

ānig = ǣnig

ān-īge, -īgge = ānēage

anihst † last, in the last place.

āniman^4 (y) to take, GD: take away or from, deprive of, Mt (y); CP. [‘anim’]

āninga = ānunga

āniðrian to cast down, #Chr# 675#e#.

anl- = andl-, onl-

anlǣc = anlēc

±ānlǣcan to unite, Æ.

ānlaga acting alone, WW 491^23.

anlang- = andlang-

ānlāp- (NG) = ānlīp-

anlēc m. respect, regard.

ānlegere consorting with one man, WW 171^15.

ān-lēp- = ānlīp-

ānlic only, unique: solitary: catholic: beautiful. [cp. ǣnlic]

ānlīepig = ānlīpig [[under “ānlīpe”]]

ān-līpe (CP), -līpig (#Chr#), -līpie (æn-; ē, ȳ) I. adj. single, separate, solitary, private, individual, special, PPs 13^2, BH, MtR. [‘anlepi’] II. adv. alone, only, severally.

ānlīpnes f. loneliness.

ānlīpum (ēp) singly, MtR 26^22.

ānlȳp- = ānlīp-

ānmēde n. unanimity, concord, #PPs# 54^13.

anmēdla m. pomp, glory: pride, presumption, arrogance: courage. [mōd]

+anmettan to encourage, AO. [mōd]

anmitta m. weight, balance, scales, #Gl#. [and, mitta]

anmōd steadfast, resolute, eager, bold, brave, fierce, proud, CP. adv. -līce.

ānmōd of one mind, unanimous, El; Æ. [‘anmod’] adv. -līce.

anmōdnes f. steadfastness, resolution, #Lcd# 3·170^22.

ānmōdnes f. unity, unanimity, CP.

ann pres. 3 sg. of unnan.

anna = heonu

ānne (AO, CP) v. ān.

ānnes f. oneness, unity, BH; Æ: agreement, covenant, Chr: solitude, Gu. [‘annesse’]

ānnihte adv. one day old, #Lcd#.

anoða = anda

ānpæð † m. narrow path.

anpolle f. (Æ) = ampella

anr- = onr-

ānrǣd of one mind, unanimous: constant, firm, persevering, resolute, Æ. [‘anred’]

ānrǣdlic constant, resolute: undoubting, #Bl# 13^13. adv. -līce unanimously: resolutely, persistently, constantly, earnestly, Æ: definitely, decidedly.

ānrǣdnes f. unanimity, agreement: constancy, firmness, diligence, AO; Æ. [‘anrednesse’]

ānreces (#Chr# 1010#cde#) = ānstreces

ānrēd- = ānrǣd-

ans- = ands-, ons-, uns-

an-scēatan (Cp), -scēotan (Erf) = onscēotan

ānseld m. lonely dwelling, hermitage, #Gu# 1214.

ānsetl n. hermitage, RB 135^9.

ansetla m. anchorite, hermit, GD, RB.

ansīen I. (on-; ē, ī, ȳ) fn. countenance, face, CP, Lk: form, figure, presence: view, aspect, sight, thing seen, AO: surface. [‘onsene’] II. † f. lack, want.

anspel n. conjecture.

anspilde salutary, #Lcd# 11b.

ānsprǣce speaking as one, #PPs# 40^7.

ānstandende ptc. standing alone, RB 9^7. as sb. hermit, Æ.

ānstapa m. lonely wanderer, #Pa# 15.

ānstelede one-stalked, having one stem, #Lcd#.

ānstīg f. narrow path? #Gl#.

ānstonde = ānstandende

ānstræc (ǣ?) resolute, determined, CP.

ānstreces (ē?) at one stretch, continuously, continually, #Chr# 894#a#.

ansund sound, whole, entire, perfect, healthy, Æ (on-).

an-sundnes, -sumnes f. soundness, wholeness, integrity.

ānsunu m. only son.

ānswēge harmonious, accordant.

ansȳn = ansīen

ant- = and-, ont-, unt-

Antecrist m. Antichrist. [L.]

antefn m. antiphon, ‘anthem,’ BH; Æ.

antefnere m. book of antiphons, antiphonary, CM.

āntīd f. similar time (i.e. the corresponding time of a following day)? B 219.

antre f. radish, #Lcd#.

ānum alone, solely, Æ.

anunder = onunder

anung f. zeal, NG.

ānunga at once, forthwith: entirely, altogether, throughout, by all means, uninterruptedly, B: necessarily, certainly.

anw- = andw-, onw-, unw-

ānwedd n. security, pledge, TC 201^16.

ānwīg n. single combat, duel, Æ, AO.

ānwīglīce in single combat, WW 512^21.

ānwiht = āwuht

ānwille I. adj. wilful, obstinate, CP, WW; Æ. [‘onwill’] II. adv. wilfully, obstinately.

ānwillīce obstinately, CP.

ānwilnes f. self-will, obstinacy, persistence, CP. mid ānwilnesse wantonly, wilfully.

ānwintre adj. one year old, yearling.

ānwīte n. single fine, LL 64, 31, 1.

anwlōh (#Dan# 585) = onwealg?

ānwuht = āwuht

ānwunung f. solitary abode, RB 134^12.

ānwylnes = ānwilnes

anxsum- = angsum-

ānȳdan = ānīdan

anȳhst = anīhst [[headword spelled “anihst”]]

ānyman = āniman

anȳwan = onȳwan

apa m. ‘ape,’ Gl, Lcd.

āpǣcan to seduce, lead astray.

āpǣran to avert, pervert.

āparian to discover, apprehend, EC 164.

apelder- = apuldor-

āpinsian to weigh, estimate, ponder, recount, CP. [L. pensare]

āpinsung f. weighing, OEG 1757.

apl = appel

āplantian to plant, Æ.

āplatod plated with metal? resplendent? OEG. [v. ‘plate’]

āpluccian to pluck off, #ÆGr# 170^14.

apostata m. apostate, LL (322^14).

apostol (#Chr#), apostel m. ‘apostle,’ MtR: disciple, ÆH 1^520. [L. apostolus; from Gk.]

apostolhād m. apostleship.

apostolic apostolic, BH; Æ. [‘apostly’]

appel, apple == æppel

Aprelis m. April, #Men# 56.

āpriccan to prick, W 146^21.

aprotane f. southernwood, wormwood, #Lcd# 22a. [L. abrotonum; from Gk.]

apulder, apuldor fm. apple-tree.

apuldorrind f. bark of apple-tree, #Lcd#.

apuldortūn m. apple-orchard, WW (e^3).

apuldre, apuldur = apulder

āpullian to pull, #Lcd# 1·362^10.

āpundrian? to measure out, requite? #El# 580 (GK).

āpyffan to exhale, breathe out, #Gl#.

āpyndrian to weigh, #HGl# 512^78? (BT).

āpȳtan to put out (eyes), NC 338.

ār m. I. † messenger, servant, herald, apostle, angel. [Got. airus] II. f. ‘oar,’ Chr, Gn. III. f. honour, worth, dignity, glory, respect, reverence, BH, Gen, JnLR, Ph; AO, CP: grace, favour, prosperity, benefit, help, B: mercy, pity, #An#: landed property, possessions, revenue, Æ, AO: ecclesiastical living, benefice: ownership, LL: privilege, LL, 76, 42, 2. [‘are,’ ‘ore’] IV. n. ore, brass, copper, Æ, AO, CP. V. (NG) = ǣr

āracsian = ārāsian

ārǣcan wv. to reach, get at, Chr: hold forth, reach out, Æ: get (a thing for a person), Æ, Gr. [‘areach’]

ārǣd I. (ē) m. welfare, LL 184n. II. prepared?, resolute? #Wa# 5; #GnE# 192? III. = ānrǣd

āræda (#Bo# 46^22) = āroda? v. ārod.

ārǣdan^1 (but usu. wk.) to appoint, prepare: arrange, settle, decide, BH: guess, prophesy, interpret, utter, Lk, Bo, Da, CP: read, read out, read to (any one), CP. [‘aread’]

ārǣdnes f. condition, stipulation, BH.

ārǣfan to set free, unwrap, WW.

āræfnan, -ian to carry out, accomplish: endure, suffer, Æ, AO: keep in mind, ponder, Æ. [æfnan]

āræfniendlic endurable, possible.

ārǣman to raise, elevate (oneself), Æ: (†) rise, stand up.

āræpsan (*-ræf-) to intercept, #Gl#.

ārǣran to lift up, raise, set up, create, establish, Chr, An, Jn: build, erect, Jn: rear (swine), LL 449: spread, disseminate: disturb, upset. ūp ā. bring up, raise up, exalt. [‘arear’]

ārǣrend m. one who arouses.

ārǣrnes f. raising, elevation, AO.

ārǣsan to rush, ÆH 140^13.

ārāfian to unravel, disentangle, CP.

ārāsian to lay open, search out, test, detect, discover: reprove, correct, CP. ārāsod skilled.

ārblæd n. oar-blade, Æ.

arblast m. cross-bow, #Chr# 1079#d#. [OFr. arbaleste]

arc mf. (also earc, earce) ark, coffer, chest, box, Æ. [L. arca]

arce (æ, e) m. archiepiscopal pallium.

arcebisceop (æ^1, e^1, y^3, eo^4) m. ‘archbishop,’ CP, Chr, KC.

arcebiscopdōm m. post of archbishop.

arcebiscophād (eo) m. post of archbishop, BH 49^23.

arcebiscoprīce n. post of archbishop, Chr.

arcebiscopstōl m. archiepiscopal see.

arcedīacon m. ‘archdeacon,’ WW.

arcehād (e) m. post of archbishop.

arcerīce n. archbishopric.

arcestōl (æ^1) m. archiepiscopal see, #Chr#.

ārcræftig respected, honourable, #Da# 551.

ārdǣde merciful, #Bl# 131^2.

ārdagas mp. festival days, WW 206^31.

ardlic = arodlic

āre f. = ār III.

ārēafian to separate, divide, #Ex# 290.

āreccan to spread out, put forth, stretch out: lift up, erect, build up: say, relate, declare, speak out, explain, expound, translate, MtR; CP: astonish: adorn? deck? #Rim# 10. [‘arecche’]

ārēcelēasian to be negligent, A 9·102^68.

ared = arod

ārēd I. = ārǣd I. II. (strong) pret. 3 sg. of ārǣdan.

āreddan = āhreddan

ārēdian to make ready, devise, provide, arrange, carry out, CP: find, find one’s way, reach: find out, understand. [rǣde]

ārēdnes = ārǣdnes

ārēfnan = ārǣfnan [[headword spelled “āræfnan”]]

ārencan to make proud, exalt, A 11·117^32? (BT).

ārendan to tear off, #Lcd# 101a.

ārēodian to redden, blush, #BPs#.

ārēosan = āhrēosan

ārēran = ārǣran

ārētan to cheer, gladden, Æ. [rot] [[main entry spelled “rot”]]

arewe = arwe

ārfæst respected, honest, pious, virtuous, Æ, CP: merciful, gracious, compassionate, Æ: respectful.

ārfæstlic pious. adv. -līce.

ārfæstnes f. virtue, honour, grace, goodness, piety: pity, mercy, Æ.

ārfæt nap. -fatu, n. brazen vessel, Æ.

ārfest = ārfæst

ārful respected, venerable: favourable, kind, merciful: respectful. adv. -līce graciously, Æ.

arg (NG) = earg

argang = earsgang

ārgeblond m. tumult of the sea, #An# 383.

argentille f. argentilla (plant), #Gl#. [L.]

ārgēotere m. brass-founder, AO 54^20.

ārgesweorf n. brass filings, #Lcd# 30b.

ārgeweorc n. brass-work, WW 398^24.

ārgifa m. giver of benefits, #Cra# 11.

arhlīce = earhlīce [[under “earglic”]]

ārhwæt eager for glory, †#Chr# 937#a#.

±ārian to honour, respect, Æ, CP: endow: regard, care for, favour, be merciful to, spare, pardon, Æ; CP. [‘are’]

ārīdan^1 to ride, AO 118^33.

āriddan = āhreddan

ārigend mf. benefactor, benefactress.

āriht ‘aright,’ properly, LL.

ārīman to number, count, enumerate, CP; AO: relate. [‘arime’]

ārinnan^3 to run out, pass away, #Sol# 479.

ārīsan I. (sv^1) to ‘arise,’ get up, CP, Æ, MtL: rise, Mk: spring from, originate: spring up, ascend, El. II. = +rīsan I.

ārist = ǣrist

ārlēas dishonourable, base, impious, wicked, Æ, CP: cruel, #Jul# 4. [Ger. ehrlos] adv. -līce Æ.

ārlēasnes f. wickedness, BH, #Bo#.

ārlēast f. disgraceful deed, #Met#.

ārlic honourable: fitting, agreeable, proper, AO: delicious.

ārlīce adv. I. honourably, becomingly, graciously, kindly, pleasantly, mercifully, CP. II. (N) = ǣrlīce

ārloc n. ‘oarlock,’ rowlock, WW 288^6.

arm = earm

armelu ‘harmala,’ wild rue, Lcd.

ārmorgen = ǣrmorgen

arn pret. 3 sg. of iernan.

arnian = earnian

+arnung = +earnung

arod I. quick, bold, ready, CP. II. m? a kind of plant, arum?

ārod pp. of ārian.

arodlic quick. adv. -līce quickly: vigorously, Æ, CP.

arodnes f. spirit, boldness, CP 41^17.

arodscipe m. energy, dexterity, CP.

aron (NG) used as pres. pl. of wesan.

ārsāpe f. verdigris. [sāpe]

ārscamu f. shame, modesty, #PPs# 68^19.

ārsmið m. coppersmith.

ārstæf † m. (often in pl.) support, assistance, kindness, benefit, grace.

art, arð (NG) = eart, pres. 2 sg. of wesan.

ārðegn m. servant, BH 378^11.

ārðing n. a thing of value, LkR 21^1.

arud == arod

ārung f. honour, respect, reverence, AO: pardon.

ārunnen = āurnen, pp. of ārinnan.

arwe (rew-, ruw-) f. ‘arrow,’ LL, Chr.

ārwela † m. watery realm, #An# 855. [ēar]

ār-weorð, -weorðe honourable, venerable, revering, pious, CP. adv. -weorðe.

ārweorðful honourable, Æ (u^2).

±ārweorðian to honour, reverence, worship, extol.

ārweorðlic venerable, honourable. adv. -līce honourably, reverentially, solemnly, kindly, Æ. [‘arworthly’]

ārweorðnes f. reverence, honour, CP.

ārweorðung f. honour. #Ps#.

ārwesa respected, RB 115^20.

ārwierðe == ārweorð

ārwiððe f. oar-thong, rowlock, Æ.

arwunga, arwunge (A) = earwunga

ārwurð, -wyrð == ārweorð

āryddan, -rydran, -rytran to strip, plunder, #Gl#, WW.

ārȳderian to blush, #BRPs# 69^4.

ārȳpan to tear off, strip, #Rd# 76^7.

ārȳð f. wave of the sea, #An# 532. [ēar]

āsadian to satiate, surfeit, MF (Vesp. D xiv).

āsæcgan = āsecgan

āsægdnes = onsægednes

āsǣlan † to bind, fetter, ensnare.

āsændan = āsendan

asal, asald (NG) = esol

āsānian to droop, flag, #Gu# 1148, LV 57.

āsāwan^7 to sow, sow with, Æ.

asca (NG) m. = asce

āscacan = āsceacan

āscādan = āscēadan

āscæcan = āsceacan

āscæfen pp. of āsceafan.

āscǣre = ǣscǣre [[headword spelled “ǣscære”]]

āscafan = āsceafan

āscamelic shameful, #HGl# 500.

āscamian (ea) to feel shame, Ps, Cr. [‘ashame’]

ascas nap. of æsc.

ascbacen (ax-) baked on ashes, GD 86^30.

asce (æ, cs, x) f. (burnt) ‘ash,’ Lcd: dust (of the ground), MtL.

āsceacan^6 (a) to shake off, remove, Mt: depart, flee, desert, forsake, Æ: shake, brandish. [‘ashake’]

āscēadan^7 (ā) to separate, hold aloof or asunder, exclude, CP: make clear, cleanse, purify.

āsceafan (a) to shave off, #Lcd#.

āscealian to peel off, WW.

āsceamian = āscamian

āscearpan = āscirpan

āscellan = āscillan, āscilian [[both under “āscilian”]]

āscēofan = āscūfan

āsceon- = onscun-

āsceortian = āscortian

āscēotan^2 to shoot, shoot out, Æ, AO: drop out, fall, Æ: lance (surgery), ÆL 20^63: eviscerate, OEG 46^47.

āsceppan = āscieppan

āsceran = āsciran

āscerian = āscirian

āscerpan (#VPs#) = āscirpan

āscian (ācs-, āhs-, āx-) to ‘ask,’ inquire, seek for, demand, Æ, KC, WG, etc.; CP: call, summon, B, Gen: (+) learn by inquiry, discover, hear of, #Chr#: (†) announce.

āsciendlic (āx-) interrogative, #ÆGr# 260^14.

āscieppan^6 to make, create, Ex: appoint, determine, assign, AO. [‘ashape’]

āscihhan = āscyhhan

ascildan to protect, DR.

āscilian to separate, divide, v. OEG 1367n.; FM 100.

āscīmian to shine, #Lcd# 2·232.

āscīnan^1 to flash or shine forth, beam, radiate, be clear, GD.

āsciran † to cut off, cut away.

āscirian to cut off, separate, divide, remove, Æ: set free, deprive of: arrange, destine.

āscirigendlic disjunctive, #ÆGr# 259^14 (y^2).

āscirpan to sharpen, make acute, CP.

āscortian (eo) to become short, fail, Æ: pass away, elapse.

āscrēadian to prune, lop.

āscrencan to displace, trip up, cause to stumble, CP. [‘aschrench’]

āscrepan^5 to scrape, clear away.

āscrincan^3 to shrink up.

āscrūdnian (ūtn) to investigate, examine.

āscūfan^2 to drive out, remove, expel, banish, Æ: push (away), give up (to).

ascun- = onscun-

±āscung f. ‘asking,’ questioning, inquiring, question, Met, Bo; Æ, CP.

āscyhhan to scare away, reject, #RPs# 50^13.

āscylfan to destroy, GPH 393^49.

āscylian, āscyllan = āscilian

āscyndan to separate, part (from): drive away (from), Æ.

āscyr- = āscir-

āscȳran to make clear, Æ. [scīr]

āsealcan (#Gen# 2167) = āseolcan

āsēarian to wither, dry up, Lcd; CP. [‘asear’]

āsēcan to seek out, select: search out, examine, explore: seek for, require, ask, PPs: search through, penetrate. [‘aseek’]

āsecgan I. to say out, express, tell, utter, narrate, explain, announce, AO. II. = onsecgan

āsecgendlic utterable, Æ.

āsēdan (œ̄) to satiate, #Gl#. [sæd]

āsegendnes f. an offering, #Nar# 24^17.

āsellan to give up, hand over, deliver: expel, banish.

āsencan to sink, immerse, OEG 829.

āsendan to send away, send off, send, give up, Mt; Æ. [‘asend’]

āsengan (#Jul# 313) = āsecgan

āseolcan^3 to become slack, remiss, relaxed, weak, Æ, CP.

āsēon I. sv^5 to look upon, behold, HL 16^255. II. sv^1 to strain, #Lcd#.

āseonod relaxed, WW 228^25. [seonu] [[under “seono”]]

āsēoðan^2 to seethe, boil, CP: refine, purify: examine.

āsēowan to sew, Cp 421#p# (io).

āsetnes f. institute, law, LL.

asettan = onsettan

āsettan to set, put, place, fix, establish, appoint, set up or in, erect, build, plant, AO, Mt; Æ: transport oneself over, cross (the sea, etc.): take away, LL 11[12]. sīð or sīðas ā. to perform a journey, travel.

āsēðan to affirm, confirm, Æ. [sōð]

āsīcan I. sv^1 to sigh, #Sc#. II. to wean, #CPs# 130^2.

āsiftan to sift, #Lcd# 13b.

āsīgan^1 to sink, sink down, decline, fall down, Chr; CP. [‘asye’]

āsincan^3 to sink down, fall to pieces, Æ.

āsingan^3 to sing out, sing, deliver (a speech), compose (verse), BH.

āsittan^5 to dwell together, settle, El: apprehend, fear: run aground. ūt a. starve out. [‘asit’]

āslacian to become slack, decline, diminish, Æ, CP: grow tired: make slack, loosen, relax, dissolve.

āslacigendlic remissive, #ÆGr# 228^5.

āslæccan to slacken, loosen, WW.

āslæcian = āslacian

āslǣpan^7 (ā) to slumber, dream: be paralysed, #Lcd#.

āslǣwan to blunt, weaken, make dull, OEG 18b, 65.

āslāpan = āslǣpan

āslāwian to become sluggish, be torpid, CP. [slāw]

āslēan^6 to strike, beat, cut, Æ: erect: make way: paralyse. of ā. strike off, behead, MtL; AO. [‘aslay’]

āslēpen = āslēopen pret. opt. 3 pl. of āslūpan.

āslīdan^1 to slide, slip, fall, Ps; Æ, CP. [‘aslide’]

āslīding f. slipping, GPH 388^62.

āslītan^1 (ȳ) to slit, cleave, cut off, destroy, CP.

āslūpan^2 to slip off, escape, disappear (of), Ps. [‘aslip’]

āslȳtan = āslītan

āsmēagan to consider, examine, investigate, devise, elicit, treat of, think, Æ: look for, demand.

āsmēagung f. scrutiny, consideration.

āsmēan = āsmēagan

±āsmir-ian, -wan to smear, anoint.

āsmiðian to do smith’s work, fashion, forge, fabricate, Æ.

āsmorian to smother, strangle, AO, CP.

āsmorung f. choking, suffocation, #Lcd# 18a.

āsmūgan = āsmēagan

āsnǣsan (ā^2) to spit, impale, stab, LL 68, 36. [‘asnese’]

asnīðan^1 to cut off, #Lcd#.

āsoden (WW 20^44) pp. of āsēoðan.

āsolcen (pp. of āseolcan) sluggish, idle, indifferent, dissolute, Æ.

āsolcennes f. sleepiness, sloth, laziness, W; Æ. [‘aswolkeness’]

āsolian to become dirty, A 2·374.

āspanan^6 to allure, seduce, persuade, urge, insinuate, AO.

āspannan^7 to unbind, unclasp, GD 214^24.

āsparian to preserve, GD 159^24.

āspeaft (JnL 9^6) = āspeoft

āspēdan to survive, escape, #An# 1628.

āspelian to be substitute for, represent, take the place of, LL, RB. ā. fram be exempt from.

āspendan to spend (money), expend, distribute, squander, consume, AO; Æ. [‘aspend’]

āspeoft pret. 3 sg. spit out, JnR 9^6. [v. speoft]

āsperian = āspyrian

aspide m. asp, adder, serpent, viper, Ps; Æ. [‘aspide’]

āspillan to destroy, JnL 12^10.

āspinnan^3 to spin, WW.

āspirian = āspyrian

āspīwan^1 (ȳ) to spew up, vomit, Æ, CP.

āsplǣtan ?to split. v. ES 49·156.

āspornan to cast down, #EPs# 145^7. [spurnan]

āsprēadan to stretch out, extend, #EPs# 35^11.

āsprecan to speak out, speak, #PPs#.

āsprengan to cause to spring, fling out, ÆL 8^213.

āsprettan = āspryttan

āsprindlad ripped up, #Lcd# 80b.

āspringan^3 (y) to spring up or forth, break forth, spread, Æ; AO: arise, originate, be born, Æ: dwindle, diminish, fail, cease. āsprungen dead. [‘aspring’]

āspringung f. failing, #VPs# 141^4.

āspritan = āspryttan

āsproten pp. of āsprūtan.

ā-sprungennes, -sprungnes f. failing, exhaustion, death: eclipse.

āsprūtan^2 (= ēo) to sprout forth, #PPs# 140^9.

āspryngan = āspringan

āspryttan^1 (e, i) to sprout out, bring forth, Æ.

āspylian to wash oneself, #Bo# 115^7.

āspyrgend m. tracker, investigator, VHy.

āspyrging f. ‘adinventio,’ WW 513^15.

āspyrian (i) to track, trace out, investigate, explore, discover.

āspȳwan = āspīwan

assa m. he-ass, Mt, Jn, Æ; CP. [‘ass’]

assen f. she-ass.

assmyre f. she-ass, Æ.

āst f. kiln, WW 185^30; A 9·265. [‘oast’]

āstǣgan to go up, embark, MkR 6^32.

āstǣlan to lay to one’s charge, LL (264^15).

āstǣnan^1 to adorn with precious stones.

āstærfan (MtR) = āstyrfan

āstandan^6 to stand up, stand forth, rise up, arise, B; Æ: continue, endure, Lk; CP. [‘astand’]

āstandennes f. perseverance, ÆL 23b^272: existence, subsistence.

āstēapan = āstȳpan

āstellan I. to set forth, set, put, afford, supply, display, appoint, AO, CP: set up, establish, confirm, institute, ordain, undertake, start, AO; Æ: undergo, Æ. II. to fly off, rush.

āstemnian to build.

āstemped engraved, stamped, WW 203^27.

āstencan to scatter, GD 42^33.

āstēopan = āstȳpan

āsteorfan^3 to die, MH 62^27.

āstēp- = āstȳp-

āsterian = āstyrian

asterion ‘asterion,’ pellitory, Lcd 1·164.

āstīfian to become stiff, Æ.

āstīfician = āstȳfecian

āstīgan^1 to proceed, go, Æ: (usu. w. ūp, niðer, etc.) rise, mount, ascend, descend, Jn; Æ, CP: be puffed up, AO 264^8. [‘astye’]

āstīgend m. rider.

āstigian to ascend, mount.

āstīgnes f. ascent, #EPs# 103^4.

āstihtan to determine on, decree, #Chr# 998.

āstihting (OEG) = ātihting [[redirected to “ātyhting”]]

āstillian to still, quiet, MF (Vesp. D xiv).

āstingan^3 to bore out, pierce out, #Chr#: stab.

āstintan = āstyntan

āstirian = āstyrian

āstīðian to become hard, dry tip, wither: grow up, come of age, TC 203^20.

āstondnes = āstandennes

āstrǣlian to cast forth, #RPs# 75^9.

āstreccan to stretch out, stretch forth, extend, lay low, Æ: prostrate oneself, bow down, CP. [‘astretch’]

āstregdan to sprinkle.

āstregdnes? f. sprinkling, DR.

āstrenged (made strong), malleable, WW.

āstrīenan (ēo, ȳ) to beget.

āstrogden pp. of āstregdan.

āstrowenes f. length, #HGl# 443.

āstrȳnan = āstrīenan

āstundian to take upon oneself, Æ.

āstȳfecian to suppress, eradicate, CP.

āstyllan = āstellan

āstyltan to be astonished, LkLR.

āstyntan (i) to blunt, repress, restrain, stop, overcome, Gl. [‘astint’]

āstȳpan (ē, ēa, ēo) to deprive, bereave, GD. āstȳpte orphans. [stēop]

[[Printed as shown, but reference may be to “stēop-” as word element.]]

āstȳp(ed)nes (ē^2) f. privation, bereavement.

āstȳran to guide, control, AS 9^16.

āstyrfan (æ, e) to kill, destroy, Cr, Mt (e). [‘asterve’]

āstyrian to stir up, excite, move, move forward, raise, Jn, Mk; Æ: be roused, become angry, Æ. āstyred weorðan be or become anxious, Æ. [‘astir’]

āstyriendlic v. un-ā. [[under “unāstyriende”]]

āstyrigend m. ‘ventilator,’ GPH 393^78.

āstyrred starry, #Sc#.

āstyrung f. motion, #Lcd#.

ā-sūcan^2 -sūgan to suck, suck out, drain.

ā-sundran, -sundron = onsundran

āsundrian = āsyndrian [[under “āsyndran”]]

āsūrian to be or become sour, WW.

āswǣman to roam, wander about: pine, grieve, Æ.

āswǣrn- = āswarn-

āswǣtan to burst out in perspiration, MH 20^12.

āswāmian to die away, #Gen# 376: cease.

āswāpan^7 (but pp. āswōpen) to sweep away, remove, clean, CP.

āswārcan to languish, #LPs# 38^12.

āswārcian to confound, #BSPs# 70^24.

āswārnian to be confounded, #Ps#.

āswārnung f. shame, confusion, #LPs# 43^16.

āswaðian to investigate, OEG 5^11.

āsweartian to turn livid, become ashy or black, CP.

āswebban † to lull, soothe, set at rest: put to death, destroy, Jud. [‘asweve’]

āswellan^3 to swell, CP.

āsweltan^3 to die, #Chr#.

āswencan to afflict, DR.

āswengan to swing off, shake off, cast forth.

āsweorcan^3 to droop, Æ.

āsweorfan^3 to file off, polish, GPH.

āswēpa = ǣswǣpe

āswerian^6 to swear, #PPs#.

āswīcan^1 to desert, abandon, betray, deceive, Mt: offend, irritate, provoke. [‘aswike’]

±āswician to offend.

āswicung f. scandal, offence.

āswīfan^1 to wander, stray, WW.

āswind = ǣswind

āswindan^3 to become weak, shrink, fade away, perish, decay, dissolve, Bo; Æ, CP. [‘aswind’]

āswingan^3 to scourge, DR.

āswōgan^7 to cover over, choke, CP 411^17.

āsworettan to sigh, grieve, GD.

āswornian (NC 271) = āswarnian [[headword spelled “āswārnian”]]

āswundennes f. idleness, BH 160^25.

āsynderlic remote, OEG 2514.

±āsynd-ran, -rian to separate, divide, disjoin, sever, CP, Æ: distinguish, except. [‘asunder’]

āsyndrung f. division, WW.

at == æt

ātǣfran (CP 467^19) = ātīefran

ātǣsan to wear out, injure, strike, smite, Æ: wound, CP 296^18.

atāwian = ætīewan

āte (æ) f. ‘oats,’ Lcd: wild oats, tares, Gl, WW.

āteallan = ātellan

ātēfran = ātīefran

ategār = ætgār [[under “ætgǣre”]]

atel == atol

ātellan to reckon up, count, Bo; AO. ā. wið balance against: tell, enumerate, CP: explain, interpret. [‘atell’]

ātemian to tame, subdue, render quiet, CP.

ātendan to set on fire, kindle, inflame, Chr: trouble, perplex, A 8·312^48. [‘atend’]

ātending f. incentive, #Sc# 221^17.

ātēon^2 to draw up, out, off or from, remove, pull out, lead out, draw, B, BH; AO, CP. ūp ā. draw up, move away: protract, Æ: move, journey, roam: deal with, dispose of, apply, use, Mt; Æ, CP. [‘atee’]

ātēorian to fail, become exhausted, weary, cease, Ps; Æ: be defective, #ÆGr#. [‘atire’]

ātēori(g)endlic transitory, perishable, Æ: failing: defective, #ÆGr#.

ātēorodnes f. cessation, exhaustion, HL 3^495; #BPs# 118^53.

ātēorung f. failing, weariness, Æ.

ātēowan = ōðīewan [[headword spelled “oðīewan”]]

āter == ātor

ātēran^4 to tear away, CP 359^20.

āteriendlic = āteoriendlic [[headword spelled “ātēoriendlic”]]

āterima (ētr-) oat-bran, #Lcd# 3·292´.

ātertānum dp. with poisoned twigs (or? -tearum with poison drops) B 1460.

āteshwōn adv. at all, CM 987. [āwiht]

athēd (#Gl#) = æthȳd

ātīdrian to grow weak, GD 59^26 (ydd).

ātīefran (ǣ, ē, ī, ȳ) to draw, depict, CP.

atīewan = ōðīewan [[headword spelled “oðīewan”]]

ātiht- = ātyht-

ātillan to touch, reach.

ātimbr-an, -ian to erect, build, AO, CP.

ātimplian to provide with spikes, NC 271.

ātīwan = ōðīewan [[headword spelled “oðīewan”]]

ātlēag m. oat-field?, EC 448^9.

atol I. dire, terrible, ugly, deformed, repulsive, unchaste, B. [‘atel’] II. † n. horror, evil.

atolic, atollic dire, terrible, deformed, repulsive, Æ. adv. -līce.

atoliende disfiguring, WW 220^26.

ātor, āt(to)r, (ǣ) n. poison, venom, Lcd; AO, CP: gall, Gl. [‘atter’]

ātorbǣre poisonous, ÆH 1·72^22.

ātorberende poisonous, venomous.

ātorcoppe f. spider, Lcd. [‘attercop’]

ātorcræft (āttor-) m. art of poisoning, W.

ātorcyn (ǣ) n. poison, #Sol# 219.

ātordrinca m. poisonous draught, MH.

ātorlāðe f. plant used as antidote to poison, betonica? Lcd, WW. [‘atterlothe’]

ātorlic poison-like, bitter, WW. [‘atterlich’]

ātorsceaða † m. poisonous enemy.

ātorspere n. poisoned spear, #Rd# 18^9.

ātorðigen (ātt-) f. taking of poison, #Lcd# 1·4^5.

ātr = ātor

ātrahtnian to treat, discuss.

ātredan^5 to extract, extort, LL.

ātreddan to search out, examine, investigate, #PPs#.

ātrendlian to roll, Met 5^17. [v. ‘trendle’]

ātres gs. of ātor.

atrum n. ink, A 13·28^15. [L. atramentum]

atter, attor == ātor

attres gs. of attor, ātor. [[under “atter”]]

attrum = atrum

atul = atol

ātur = ātor

ātwēonian to cause doubt, A 8·333^6.

ātyddrian = ātīdrian

ātȳdran to beget, create, #El# 1279. [tūdor]

ātȳfran = ātīefran

ātyhtan (i) to entice, allure, incite: be attentive: produce, #Rd# 51^3: stretch, extend, turn.

ātyhting (i) f. intention, aim: instigation, OEG 2^304.

ātymbran = ātimbran

ātȳnan I. to shut off, exclude. [tūn] II. = ontȳnan

ātyndan = ātendan

ātȳrian = ātēorian

atȳwan = oðīewan

āð m. ‘oath,’ B, Mt; AO.

āð- = ōð-

aðamans m. adamant, CP 271^2. [L.]

āðbryce m. perjury, W 164^7.

āðecgan to take food, consume?: oppress? (Tupper) #Rd# 1^2,7.

āðegehāt = āðgehāt

āðegen distended, WW.

āðencan to think out, devise, contrive, invent, AO: intend.

āðenenes f. extension, VHy.

ā-ðennan, -ðenian to stretch out, extend, draw out, expand, AO: apply (the mind) CP: prostrate.

āðenung f. extension, distension.

āðēodan = āðīedan

āðēostrian (ē, īe, ī) to become dark, obscured, eclipsed, Bo; CP, #VPs#. [‘athester’]

āðer = āhwæðer

āðerscan to thresh out, ÆL 31^1217.

āðēstrian = āðēostrian

āðēwan = āðȳwan

āðexe f. lizard, OET.

āðfultum m. confirmation (confirmers) of an oath, LL.

āðgehāt (āðe-) n. promise on oath, oath, WW.

āðiddan to thrust, push, OEG 50^3.

āðīedan to separate, CP.

āðierran to clean, CP.

āðīestrian (CP) = āðēostrian

āðindan^3 to swell, puff up, inflate, increase, CP: melt, pass away. (cp. ðindan)

āðindung f. swelling, #Lcd# 93a.

ā-ðīstrian, -ðisðrigan (CP) = āðēostrian

āðl (#VPs#) = ādl

āðloga m. perjurer, #Cr# 165.

āðol = ādl

āðollan to hold out, endure, suffer, Æ.

āðolware mp. citizens, #GnE# 201.

āðor = āhwæðer

āðrācian to dread: frighten.

āðrǣstan to twist out, wrest out, #Gl#.

āðrāwan^7 to curl, twist, twine, Æ.

āðrēatian to weary, be irksome: force away, CP 293^10.

āðrēotan^2 (pers. and impers.) to tire of, weary, be tiresome to, displease, disgust, Æ, AO, CP.

āðrescan = āðerscan

āðrīetan to weary, Æ, AO (ȳ); #Bo#.

āðringan^3 to crowd or press out: rush forth, break out. ūt ā. emboss.

āðrīstian to be bold, presume, GD 70^30.

āðrotennes f. wearisomeness, WW 409^22.

āðrotsum irksome, WW 510^12.

āðrōwian to suffer, #Lcd# 68b.

āðroxen pp. of āðerscan.

āðrunten (pp. of *āðrintan) swollen, #Rd# 38^2. (or ? aðrūten)

āðrūten pp. (of *āðrūtan) swollen, #Lcd#.

āðryccan to press, oppress.

āðrȳn to rob? drive out? #Gl#, (ES 43·331).

ā-ðrysemian, -ðrysman (AO) to suffocate, smother. [‘athrysm’]

āðrytnes f. weariness.

āðstæf m. oath, #CPs# 104^9.

āðswara m? = āðswaru

āðswaring = āðswerung

āðswaru f. oath-swearing, oath, Æ.

āðswerian? to vow with an oath, WW 387^9.

āðswerung f. oath-swearing, #Chr, RSPs# 104^9.

āðswyrd (eo) n. oath-swearing, #EPs# 104^9 (ǣ^1); B 2064.

āðum m. son-in-law, Æ; AO: brother-in-law. [‘odam’]

āðumswerian mp. son-in-law and father-in-law, B 84.

āðundennes f. swelling, tumour, #Lcd#: contumacy, WW 87^17.

āðwǣnan to diminish, soften, #Lcd#.

āðwēan^6 to wash, wash off, cleanse, baptize, anoint, Æ, CP.

āðwedd n. promise on oath, WW 115^16.

āðweran^4 to stir up, churn, #Lcd#.

āðwīnan to vanish, NC 338.

āðwītan^1 to disappoint, #SPs# 131^11.

āðwyrðe worthy of credit. v. LL 2·376.

āðȳan = āðȳwan

āðylgian to bear up, #ARSPs#.

āðȳn = āðȳwan

āðynnian (i) to make thin, DHy 8^10.

āðȳstrian (Æ) = āðīestrian

āðȳtan I. ‡ to sound, blow (a horn). II. to expel, WW 19^12.

āðȳwan to drive away, AO: press out or into, squeeze out.

āuht = āwiht

āuðer = āhwæðer

āw = ǣ

āwa = ā

āwacan^6 (on-) to awake, Æ: arise, originate, spring forth, be born. [‘awake(n)’]

āwacian to awake, Æ.

āwācian to grow weak, decline, fall, belittle, Æ, CP: fall away, lapse, desist from, abstain, Æ.

āwacnian = āwæcnian

āwæc- = āwec-

āwǣcan to weaken, weary.

āwæc-nian, -nan (on-; a, e) to awaken, revive, Æ: arise, originate, spring from, AO. [‘awake(n)’]

āwǣgan to deceive: destroy, annul, make nugatory, Æ.

āwǣlan to roll, roll from: harass, afflict, NG.

āwæltan = āwyltan

āwæmmian = āwemman

āwænd- = āwend-, onwend-

āwænian = āwenian [[under “āwennan”]]

āwærd pp. of āwierdan.

āwærged = āwierged

āwærian to avoid, DR 39^13.

āwæscan = āwascan

āwǣstan = āwēstan

āwandian to fear, hesitate, #ÆGr# 162^2.

āwanian to diminish, lessen.

āwannian to become livid or black and blue, GD 20^32 (v. NC 332).

āwansian to diminish, KC 4·243^6.

āwār = āhwǣr

āwārnian (#APs#) = āswārnian

[[Entry before author’s correction: āwārnian to be confounded, #SPs#.]]

āwascan^6 (æ) to wash, bathe, immerse, #Lcd#.

āweallan^7 to well up, flow out, break forth, issue, swarm, CP: be hot, burn.

āweardian to guard, defend.

āweaxan^6 to grow, grow up, arise, come forth, CP.

āweb = ōweb

āwec- = āwæc-

āweccan to awake, rouse, incite, excite, Mk, Lk; Æ, CP: raise up, beget. [‘awecche’]

āwecenes (æ) f. incitement, GD 199^7.

āwecgan to undermine, shake, move, Æ.

āwēdan to be or become mad, rage, Æ; AO. [‘awede’; wōd]

āwefan^5 to weave, weave together, Æ.

āweg (= on-) ‘away,’ forth, out, Chr, Mt; CP.

āwegan^5 to lift up, carry away: weigh, weigh out, Æ: estimate, consider. [‘aweigh’]

āwegāworpnes f. abortion, LL (154^34).

āwegcuman^4 to escape, Æ.

āwegēade went away, JnL 4^50 [v. ‘away’; ēode]

āwegflēon^2 to fly or flee away, OEG 2169.

āweggān to go away, BH 326^10.

āweggewītan^1 to depart, AO 74^26.

āweggewitenes f. departure, Æ: aberration (of mind), #JPs# 115^11.

āwehtnes f. arousing, BH 422^20.

awel m. hook, fork, #Gl#.

āwellan = āwyllan

āwemman to disfigure, corrupt.

āwemmendnes f. corruption.

āwēnan to consider.

āwendan (= on-) to avert, turn aside, remove, upset, Ps: change, exchange, alter, pervert, Æ; CP: translate, Æ, CP: turn from, go, depart, Ps; AO: return: subdue. [‘awend’]

āwendedlic = āwendendlic

āwendednes f. change, alteration, Æ.

āwendendlic that can be changed, changeable, Æ.

āwendendlīcnes f. mutability, Æ.

āwendennes f. change, OEG 191.

āwending f. subversion, change, ES 39·322.

āwen-nan, -ian to disaccustom, wean.

āwēodian to root out, extirpate.

āweorpan^3 to throw, throw away, cast down, cast out, cast aside, degrade, depose, Mt; Æ, AO, CP. āworpen divorced, rejected, destroyed, apostate. of, ūt ā. to throw out. [‘awarp’]

āweorpnes = āworpennes

āweorðan^3 to pass away, vanish, become worthless, Mt; (NG) = +weorðan. [‘aworth’]

āweosung f. ‘subsistentia,’ WW 516^4.

āwer = āhwǣr

āwerdan = āwierdan

āwerde (æ^2) m. worthless fellow, WW 111^29.

āwerg- = āwierg-, āweri-

āwerian I. to defend, AO: hinder, restrain, #Chr#: protect, cover, surround, enclose: ward off from oneself, spurn from oneself. II. to wear, wear out (clothes), RB.

āwerpan = āweorpan

āwescnes (#VPs#) = ǣwiscnes

āwēstan to lay waste, ravage, destroy, AO; Æ. [‘awest’]

āwēst(ed)nes f. desolation, destruction.

āwēstend m. devastator, W 200^19.

āwexen = āweaxen pp. of āweaxan.

+āwian (AS 42^9) = +ēawian

āwīdlian to profane, defile.

āwierdan (e, y) to spoil, injure, hurt, corrupt, seduce, destroy, kill, CP.

āwierding (y) f. corruption, blemish, #HGl# 421^57.

āwierg-an, -ian (æ, e, i, y) I. to curse, damn, denounce, outlaw, Æ, Mt, CP; VPs. sē āwier(ge)da fiend, devil. [‘awarie’] II. = āwyrgan

āwiht I. n. ‘aught,’ anything, something, Ps. II. adv. at all, by any means. tō āhte at all. III. good, of value, Æ.

āwildian to become wild, Æ, LL.

āwillan = āwyllan

āwille (WW) = ānwille II.

āwindan^3 to wind, bend, plait: slip from, withdraw, escape, CP: become relaxed? W 148^3.

āwindwian (y) to winnow, blow away, disperse, #Ps#.

āwinnan^3 to labour, strive, JnL: gain, overcome, endure, Da. [‘awin’]

āwirgan = I. āwyrgan. II. āwyrgian

āwirgnes = āwyrgednes

āwisc- = ǣwisc-

āwisnian to become dry, wither.

āwistlian to hiss, W 147^37. [hwistlian]

āwlacian to be or become lukewarm.

āwlǣtan to befoul, make loathsome, defile, Æ.

āwlancian to exult, to be proud, OEG 1159.

āwlencan to make proud, enrich, DR 59^1.

āwlyspian to ‘lisp,’ MLN 4·279 (NC 338).

āwo = ā (āwa)

āwoffian to become proud, insolent: rave, be delirious, insane, Æ.

āwōgian to woo, Æ.

āwōh (crookedly), wrongfully, unjustly, LL. [= on wōh]

āwol = āwel

āwolfigan = āwoffian

āwonian (DR) = āwanian

āwor = āfor

āwordennes f. degeneration, WW 87^21.

āworpednes (#EPs# 21^7) = āworpennes

āworpenlic worthy of condemnation, CP. adv. -līce vilely.

ā-worpennes, -worpnes f. rejection, what is cast away: exposure (of children).

āwrǣnan to make wanton, #Lcd# 54b.

āwrǣstan to wrest from, extort, WW 397^37.

āwrecan^5 to thrust out, drive away: strike, pierce: utter, sing, relate, recite: punish, avenge, LL, ChrL. [‘awreak’]

āwreccan to arouse, awake, Æ.

āwregennes = onwrigenes [[under “onwrigennes”]]

āwrēon^1,2 (= on-) to disclose, discover, reveal: cover, NG.

āwreðian to support, uphold, CP.

āwrīdian to originate, spring from.

āwrigenes = onwrigennes

āwringan^3 to wring, squeeze out, Æ.

āwrit n. a writing.

āwrītan^1 to write, write down, describe, compose, CP; Æ, AO, #Chr#: mark, inscribe, draw, carve, copy. [‘awrite’]

āwrīðan^1 I. to turn, wind, bind up, bind, wreathe. II. = onwrīðan

awrygenes = onwrigenes [[under “onwrigennes”]]

āwðer, āwðor = āhwæðer

āwuht = āwiht

āwul = āwel

āwuldrian to glorify (N).

āwundrian to wonder, wonder at, admire.

āwunian to remain, continue, BH.

āwunigende ptc. continual.

āwurt-walian, -warian = āwyrtwalian

āwurðan = āweorðan

āwyht = āwiht

āwylian to roll, Æ.

āwyllan to bring into commotion, boil, Æ.

āwylm = ǣwielm

āwyltan, āwylwan to roll, roll away, Æ: harass, DR (æ).

āwyndwian = āwindwian

āwyrcan to do.

āwyrd- (Æ) = āwierd-

āwyrdla = æfwyrdla

āwyrdnes hurt, harm, destruction, Æ: defilement.

āwyrg- = āwierg-

āwyrgan (i, ie) to strangle, suffocate, AO (i), Æ. [‘aworry’]

āwyrgedlic, āwyrgendlic detestable, shameful, abominable.

āwyrgednes f. wickedness, Æ: curse, cursing. [wearg]

āwyrgodnes = āwyrgednes

āwyrigende accursed, Æ.

āwyrigung f. a curse, Æ.

āwyrn (#Men# 101) = āhwærgen [[headword spelled “āhwǣrgen”]]

āwyrpan (= ie) to recover (from illness), ÆH 1·534^28.

āwyrtlian = āwyrtwalian

āwyrtwalian to root out, CP.

āwyrðung f. stain, aspersion, #HGl# 421.

ax- = asc-, ox-

āx- = āsc-

axe = æcs

āȳdan (OEG 8^108) = āīdan

āȳdlian = āīdlian

āyldan to delay, GD 21^22. [ieldan]

āyrnan = āiernan

āȳtan to drive out. [ūt]

āyttan = āettan

=B=

bā nafn. and am. of bēgen both.

bac- v. bæc.

bacan^6 to ‘bake,’ Æ.

bacas nap. of bæc II.

bacca m. ridge, BC (bacce f. Mdf).

bacu nap. of bæc I.

bād I. f. forced contribution, impost, pledge, LL: expectation. [bīdan] II. (±) pret. 3 sg. of bīdan.

-bādere v. nīed-b.

bādian to take a pledge or fine, LL.

bæ- = ba-, be-, bea-

bæc I. n. ‘back,’ Bo, MtL, Ps; CP. on b. backwards, behind, ‘aback.’ on b. settan, lǣtan to neglect. ofer b. backwards, back. under b. behind, backwards, back. ofer b. būgan to turn back, flee. clǣne b. habban to be straightforward, honest, LL 128[5]. II. mfn. beck, brook. v. ES 29·411.

bæcbord n. left side of a ship, larboard, AO.

bæce = bæc II.

bǣce = bēce

bǣcen- = bēacen-

bæcere I. m. ‘baker,’ Æ. II. = bæzere

bæcering m. gridiron, WW.

bæcern n. bakery, bakehouse, Æ.

bæcestre fm. baker, Æ. [‘baxter’]

bæceð, bæcð, pres. 3 sg. of bacan.

bæcistre = bæcestre

bæcling, bæclinga (on) adv. backwards, behind. on b. gewend having one’s back turned, Æ.

bæcslitol adj. backbiting, W 72^16.

bæcðearm m. rectum; pl. bowels, entrails, Æ.

+bæcu np. back parts, #LPs#.

bæd I. pret. 3 sg. of biddan. II. = bed

bǣdan to urge on, impel, CP: solicit, require: afflict, oppress.

bædan to defile, #EPs# 78^1.

bædd == bedd

bæddæg ‘epiphania,’ DR.

bǣddel m. effeminate person, hermaphrodite, WW. [v. ‘bad’]

bæddryda = bedrida

bædend m. inciter, WW.

bǣdewēg n. drinking vessel. [wǣge]

bǣdling m. effeminate or impure male person, WW. [‘badling’]

bǣdon pret. pl. of biddan.

bædryda = bedrida

bædzere = bæzere

bæfta, bæftan (Mt; Æ) = beæftan

bæftansittende idle, #ÆGr# 52^2.

-bæftian (ea^1, a^2) v. hand-b.

bǣg = bēag

bǣgen = bēgen

bǣh = bēag

bǣl n. fire, flame, B: funeral pyre, bonfire. [‘bale’]

bǣlblys, -blyse, -blæse † f. blaze of a fire, funereal blaze.

bælc I. † m. pride, arrogance. II. m. covering, cloud? #Ex# 73.

bælcan † to cry out.

+bælcan to root up, #CPs# 79^14.

bældan = bieldan

bældo (CP), bældu = bieldo

bǣlegsa m. terror of fire, #Ex# 121.

bǣlfȳr n. ‘bale-fire,’ funeral or sacrificial fire, B.

bælg, bælig (NG) == belg

bǣlstede m. place of a funeral pile, B 3097.

bǣl-ðracu f. (ds. -ðræce) violence of fire, #Ph# 270.

bǣlwudu m. wood for a funeral pile, B 3112.

bǣlwylm m. flames of a funeral-fire, #Jul# 336.

bǣm = bām (v. bēgen)

bænd == bend

+bǣne? bones, NC 292.

bǣnen made of bone, Æ.

bær I. gsmn. bares ‘bare,’ uncovered, Bo: naked, unclothed, Gen. II. pret. 3 sg. of beran.

bǣr I. f. ‘bier,’ El; Æ: handbarrow, litter, bed, BH, JnR. [beran] II. a pasture? KC (BT). III. = bār (AB 14·233).

+bǣran to behave, conduct oneself, CP: fare, B 2824: ‘exultare,’ #PPs#. [‘i-bere’]

bærbær barbarous, #EPs# 113^1.

bǣrdisc m. tray, WW. [beran]

bære = bere pres. 1 sing. of beran.

bære- = bere-

-bǣre suffix (from beran); forms derivatives from substantives, as in cwealmbǣre. [Ger. -bar]

bǣre == bǣr

+bǣre n. manner, behaviour, El: gesture, cry: action. [‘i-bere’; beran]

bærfōt barefoot.

bærhtm (A) = bearhtm

bærlic I. adj. of barley, KC 6·79^10. II. open, clear, public. adv. -līce.

bǣrmann m. bearer, porter, Æ. [‘berman’]

bærn = bereærn

±bærnan (e) to cause to burn, kindle, burn, consume, Sol; AO, #VPs#. [v. ‘burn’]

bærnelāc (e) n. burnt-offering, #PPs#.

+bǣrnes f. bearing, manner, WW 529^13.

bærnett (y^2) n. burning, burn, cautery, Æ: arson, LL.

bærning f. burning: burnt offering, #BPs# 50^18.

bærnīsen n. branding-iron, OEG 7^113.

bærnnes, bærnes f. burning.

bæro = bearu

bǣron pret. pl. of beran.

bærs m. a fish, perch, #Gl#. [Ger. barsch]

+bǣrscipe (LkL) = +bēorscipe

bærst pret. 3 sg. of berstan.

bærstl- = brastl-

bærsynnig m. notoriously wicked person, publican, NG.

+bǣru v. +bǣre.

bærwe = bearwe

bæst mn.? inner bark of trees, ‘bast,’ Æ, OET.

bæsten made of bast.

bæstere = bæzere

bǣtan I. to bait, hunt, worry, Æ. [v. ‘bait’]: (BT) make fast? (Sedgef. = III). II. to beat against the wind? #Bo# 144^31. [ON. beita] III. to furnish with a bit or bridle, saddle, curb.

+bǣte, +bǣtel n. bit, bridle, pl. trappings, BH.

bætera, bættra = betera

bǣtung (ē) f. beating (against the wind?) (BT), cable (Sedgef.), #Bo# 144^31.

bæð n. nap. baðu ‘bath,’ action of bathing, Lcd: laver, AO: liquid in which one bathes, medicinal spring, BH, KC. ganotes b. gannet’s bath (i.e. the sea), B.

bæðcere m. bather.

bæðere = bæzere

bæðern n. bath-house, NC 272.

bæðfæt n. bathing-tub, LL 455[17].

bæðhūs n. bathing-place, Æ.

bæðian = baðian

bæðsealf f. bathing-salve, #Lcd#.

bæðstede m., bæðstōw f. bathing-place, WW.

bæðweg † m. sea.

bæzere m. baptiser, baptist. [= L. baptista]

bal- = beal-

balc, balca m. bank, ridge, Bo, WW. [‘balk’]

ballīce (NG) = bealdlīce

bal-sam, -samum n. ‘balsam,’ balm, BH.

balsmēðe f. bergamot, #Lcd# 3·90^23.

balsminte f. balsam-mint, water-mint, WW 136^6.

balzam n., balzame f. = balsam

bām dmfn. of bēgen.

+ban = +bann

±bān n. ‘bone,’ tusk, Jn, Æ, Gl; AO, CP: the bone of a limb.

bana (o) m. killer, slayer, murderer, B; #Chr#: the devil: (f.) murderess, A 10·155. [‘bane’]

bānbeorge f. leg-armour, greaves, WW.

bānbryce m. fracture of a bone, #Lcd#.

bāncofa † m. the bodily frame.

ban-coða m., -coðu f. baneful disease.

band pret. 3 sg. of bindan.

bānece in pain in the thigh, #Lcd#.

bān-fæt † n. nap. -fatu body, corpse.

bānfāg adorned with bonework (deer antlers?), B 781.

bangār (o) m. murdering spear, B 2031.

bāngeberg n. = bānbeorge

bāngebrec n. fracture of a bone, #An# 1439.

bānhelm m. helmet, shield? #Fin# 30 (v. also bārhelm).

bānhring † m. vertebra, joint.

bānhūs † n. body, chest, breast. bānhūses weard the mind, #Ex# 523.

bānlēas boneless, #Rd# 46^3.

bānloca † m. joint, limb.

+bann n. proclamation, summons, command, Æ, CP: indiction (cycle of 15 years).

±bannan^7 to summon, command, proclaim. b. ūt call out, #Chr#.

bannend m. summoner, #Gl#.

+banngēar (-gēr) n. indiction, year of the indiction.

bannuc m. a sort of cake, OEG.

bānrift (y) n. leggings, leg-armour, greaves, #Gl#, WW (-rist).

bānsealf f. salve for pain in the bones, #Lcd# 138b.

bānsele ‡ m. (bone-house), body.

bānwærc m. pain in the bones, WW 200^12.

banweorc n. homicide, murder, LL 244, 32, 4#d#.

bānwyrt f. violet? small knapweed? #Lcd#.

bār (ǣ) m. ‘boar,’ ÆGr.

bara, bare wk. forms of bær, adj.

barda m. beaked ship, WW 289^12.

bārhelm m. helmet with the image of a boar? #Fin# 30 (v. also bānhelm).

barian to lay bare, uncover: depopulate, W 310^5. [bær I.]

barice = bearrige

barm = bearm

barn I. pret. 3 sg. of biernan. II. = bearn

barrige = bearrige

bārspere n. boar spear.

bārsprēot m. boar spear.

barstlung = brastlung

barð m. barque, ‘dromo,’ WW 181^29.

barða = barda

baru napn. of bær adj.

basilisca m. basilisk, #PPs# 90^13.

basing m. cloak, Æ.

±bāsnian to await, expect.

bāsnung f. expectation (N).

bastard m. bastard, #Chr# 1066#d#. [OFr.]

basu (e, ea, eo) gsmn. baswes purple, scarlet, crimson. baswa stān topaz.

basuhǣwen purple.

+baswian to stain red, ES 33·177.

bāt I. fm. ‘boat’, ship, vessel, Chr. II. pret. 3 sg. of bītan.

batian to batten, fatten, CP 173^20: heal: grow better, Æ.

bātswegen m. boatman, EC 254.

batt bat, cudgel, club, OEG 18b18.

bātwā = būtū

bātweard m. ship’s watchman, B 1900.

bað = bæð

±baðian to wash, lave, ‘bathe’ (tr. and intr.), give baths (to others), Lcd; Æ, AO.

baðu v. bæð.

be- prefix. =1.= specializes the meaning of a tr. vb. (as in behōn, besettan). =2.= makes an intr. vb. transitive (beswīcan, beðencan). =3.= is privative (bedǣlan, belīðan). =4.= does not alter the meaning (becuman).

be prep. w. d. and instr. (of place) ‘by,’ near, in, on, upon, with, along, at, to. be eallum altogether. be fullan in full: (of time) in, about, by, before, while, during: for, because of, in consideration of, by, by means of, through, in conformity with, in comparison with: about, concerning, in reference to: on penalty of. be āwihte in any respect. be fullan in excess. be sumum dǣle partly. be ānfealdum single. be twīfealdum two-fold. be fullan fully, perfectly. be ðām mǣstan at the most. be ðām (ðān) ðe because, as, according as, how. be norðan, sūðan to the north, south of.... be æftan = beæftan

bēacen (ē) n. ‘beacon,’ sign, token, phenomenon, portent, apparition, JnL (ē): standard, banner, B.

bēacenfȳr n. beacon fire, lighthouse, OET 180^7 (ǣ).

bēacenstān m. stone on which to light a beacon fire, WW.

bēacn- = bīecn-, bīcn-

bead = bed

bēad I. pret. 3 sg. of bēodan. II. (NG) = bēod

beado == beadu

beadowig = bǣdewēg

beadu † f. gds. beaduwe, beadowe war, battle, fighting, strife.

beaducāf bold in battle, #Rd# 1^11.

beaducræft m. skill in war, #An# 219.

beaducræftig † warlike.

beaducwealm m. violent death, #An# 1704.

beadufolm f. battle-hand, B 990.

beadugrīma m. war-mask, helmet, B 2257.

beaduhrægl † n. coat of mail.

beadulāc † n. war-play, battle.

beadulēoma m. (battle-light), sword, B 1523.

beadumægen n. battle strength, force, #Ex# 329.

beadumēce m. battle-sword, B 1454.

beadurǣs m. rush of battle, #Ma# 111.

beadurinc † m. warrior, soldier.

beadurōf † strong in battle, renowned in war.

beadurūn f. secret of a quarrel, B 501.

beaduscearp keen in battle (sword), B 2704.

beaduscrūd n. coat of mail, B 453; 2660?

beadusearo n. war equipment, #Ex# 572.

beaduserce f. coat of mail, B 2755.

beaduðrēat m. war-band, army, #El# 31.

beaduwǣpen † n. weapon of war.

beaduwang † m. battlefield.

beaduweorc † n. work of battle, warlike operation.

beaduwraǣd (o^2) m. fighting company, #Lcd# 125b.

beæftan I. adv. after, hereafter, afterwards, behind, AO; CP (bi-). [‘baft’] II. prep. w. d. after, behind.

beǣwnian to join in marriage, marry, #Chr# 1052#d#. [ǣw]

beaftan to lament, MtL 11^17. [= be-hafetian; ‘beft’]

bēag I. (ǣ, ē) m. ring (as ornament or as money), coil, bracelet, collar, crown, garland, Æ; CP. [‘bee’; būgan] II. pret. 3 sg. of būgan.

bēag-gifa, -gyfa † m. ring-giver, lord, king, generous chief.

bēaggifu (bēah-) † f. ring-giving.

bēaghord (h) † n. ring-hoard.

bēaghroden † diademed, adorned with rings or armlets.

bēaghyrne (h) f. corner of the eye, WW 156^41.

bēagian (ē) to crown.

bēag-sel n., -sele † m. hall in which rings are distributed.

bēagðegu (h) f. receiving of rings, B 2176.

bēagwīse n. round shape, GD 343^15.

bēagwriða (h) m. armlet, B 2018.

bēah I. = bēag. II. pret. 3 sg. of būgan.

beāh- = bēag-

beāhsian to ask advice, #Bl# 199^29; 205^28.

bealanīð = bealunīð

bealcan, bealcettan to ‘belch,’ utter, bring up, splutter out, give forth, emit, Ps; Æ: come forth.

beald (a) ‘bold,’ brave, confident, strong, Ps; AO, CP: impudent.

bealde adv. boldly, courageously, confidently: without hesitation, immediately.

bealdian to be bold, B 2177. [‘bold’]

bealdlīce ‘boldly,’ Jul.

bealdnes (a) f. boldness.

bealdor † m. lord, master, hero.

bealdwyrde bold of speech, Æ.

beale- = bealu-

bealg, bealh pret. 3 sg. of belgan.

beallucas mp. ‘testiculi,’ Gl. [‘ballock’]

bealo = bealu

bealo- = bealu-

bealu I. † gs. b(e)al(u)wes n. ‘bale,’ harm, injury, destruction, ruin, evil, mischief, Sat, Ps, Chr: wickedness, malice: a noxious thing, Æ. II. adj. baleful, deadly, dangerous, wicked, evil.

bealubend m. pernicious bond, W 178^2.

bealubenn f. mortal wound, #Ex# 238.

bealublonden pernicious, #GnE# 198.

bealuclomm mf. oppressive bond, #Hell# 65.

bealucræft m. magic art, #Met# 26^75.

bealucwealm m. violent death, B 2265.

bealudǣd † f. evil deed, sin.

bealuful ‘baleful,’ dire, wicked, cruel, Cr.

bealufūs prone to sin, #Rim# 50.

bealu-hycgende ‡, -hȳdig ‡ meditating mischief.

bealuinwit n. deceit, treachery, #PPs# 54^24.

bealulēas † harmless, innocent, Chr, Gn. [‘baleless’]

bealunīð † m. malice, wickedness.

bealurāp m. oppressive fetter, #Cr# 365.

bealusearu n. wicked machination, #Jul# 473.

bealusīð † m. hurt, adversity: death.

bealusorg f. dire sorrow, #Ph# 409.

bealuspell n. baleful message, #Ex# 510.

bealuðonc m. evil thought, #Jul# 469.

bealuwes, bealwes v. bealu.

bēam I. m. tree, KC, Rd: ‘beam,’ rafter, piece of wood, Chr, Mt; CP, Mdf: cross, gallows, Cr: (†) ship, Rd: column, pillar: sunbeam, Chr, Ps: metal girder, AO. II. (NG) = bȳme

bēamere (Mt) = bȳmere

bēamsceadu † f. shade of a tree.

bēamtelg ‡ m. wood-dye, carbonaceous ink.

bēamweg m. road made with logs, BC 1·417´.

bēamwer m. wooden weir? BC 2·242´.

bēan (īe) f. ‘bean,’ pea, legume, Lcd; Mdf.

bēan-belgas, -coddas (Lk) mp. bean-pods, husks or cods. [v. ‘cod’]

bēancynn n. a kind of bean, WW 205^3.

bēanen adj. of beans, #Lcd# 1·282^9.

bēanlēag f. land where beans grow, KC 5·265. [v. ‘bean’]

bēanmelu n. bean meal, #Lcd# 31b.

bēansǣd n. bean seed.

bēanscalu f. bean-pod, OEG 608.

bēar (NG) = bēor

bearce (æ) f. barking, #Gl#.

beard m. ‘beard,’ VPs; Æ.

beardlēas beardless, youthful.

bearg I. m. ‘barrow’ pig, hog, Mt (e), Rd. II. pret. 3 sg. of beorgan.

bearh = bearg I. and II.

bearht == beorht

bearhtm I. (br-, e, eo, y) m. brightness, flash: twinkling (of an eye), instant. II. == breahtm

bearhtme adv. instantly.

bearhtmhwæt swift as the twinkling of an eye, momentary, #Az# 107 (br-).

bearhtmhwīl f. moment, twinkling of an eye, point of time, GD.

bearm I. (a) m. lap, bosom, breast, Lk: middle, inside: (†) possession. II. emotion, excitement? #PPs# 118. III. = beorma

bearmclāð n. apron.

bearmrægl n. apron. [hrægl]

bearmtēag yeast-box, LL 455[17].

bearn I. (a, eo) n. child, son, descendant, offspring, issue, B, Mt, TC; AO, CP. lēoda b. children of men. [‘bairn’] II. = barn pret. 3 sg. of biernan. III. pret. 3 sg. of beiernan. IV. = bereærn

bearnan (N) = biernan

bearncennicge mother, DR.

bearn-ēaca (CP, Æ), -ēacen (CP), -eacnod, -ēacnigende (Æ) pregnant.

bearnende (NG) = biernende ptc. of biernan.

bearngebyrda fp. child-bearing, B 946.

bearngestrēon n. procreation of children, #Rd# 21^27.

bearnlēas childless, Æ.

bearnlēast (ē^2) f. childlessness.

bearnlufe affection (for a child), adoption, BH 454^11.

bearn-myrðra m., -myrðre f. murderer or murderess of a child.

bearntēam m. offspring, posterity, AO: procreation of children, HL. [‘bairnteam’]

bearo == bearu

bearrige f? ‘braugina,’ ‘baruina,’ #Gl#.

bears == bærs

bēarscipe = bēorscipe

±bearu gs. bearwes m. grove, wood, BH; CP; Mdf. [berwe]

bearug = bearg

bearunæs m. woody shore, #Rd# 58^5.

bearwe (æ) f. basket, wheelbarrow, LL 455^15.

bearwes v. bearu.

beasu = basu I.

+bēat n. scourging, Æ.

±bēatan^7 pret. bēot and (rarely) beoft (ES 38·28) to ‘beat,’ strike, thrust, dash, Bo, Bl, Ps: hurt, injure, #Da# 265: tramp, tread, B.

bēatere m. beater, boxer, Æ.

bēaw m. gad-fly, WW.

bebaðian to bathe, wash (tr. intr. and refl.).

bebēodan^2 to offer, commit, entrust, CP: bid, enjoin, instruct, command, require, Æ, Lk; AO, CP: announce, proclaim. [‘bibede’]

bebēodend m. commander, master, CP.

bebēodendlic commanding, imperative, #ÆGr#.

bebeorgan^3 to be on one’s guard, defend, protect, B. [‘bibergh’]

beber (WW 11^14) = befer

beberan^4 to carry to, supply with.

bebindan^3 to bind about, bind fast, Æ.

be-birgan, -birigan = bebyrgan

bebītan (bibī-) to bite, Cp 251#m#.

beblāwan to blow upon.

bebod n. command, injunction, order, decree, Mt; Æ, AO, CP. ðā bebodu the (ten) commandments. [‘bibod’]

beboddæg m. appointed day, A 11·102^67.

bebodian wv. = bebēodan

bebodrǣden f. command, authority, #LPs# 118^110.

bebrǣdan to spread, cover, MH 44^19.

bebrecan^4 to break to pieces, #Sol# 295.

bebregdan^3 to pretend, LkL 20^20.

bebrūcan^2 to practise: consume (food).

bebūgan^2 to flow round, surround, enclose: turn from, shun, avoid, El: reach, extend. [‘bibugh’]

bebycgan (A) to sell.

bebycgung f. selling, WW.

bebyrdan to fringe, border, WW 375^41.

be-byrgan (AO) -byrian I. to raise a mound to, bury, inter, Æ. [‘bebury’] II. = bebeorgan

be-byrgednes, -byrig(ed)nes f. burial, burying.

bebyrig- = bebyrg-

bebyrwan (?= -bȳwan, BT) to rub over, GD 318^3.

bec = bæc

bēc v. bōc.

becæfian to ornament, WW 137^22.

+bēcan to make over in writing, grant by charter, EC 202´.

becc = bæc II.

becca m. pick, mattock, WW; Æ. [‘beck’; and v. Indog. Forschungen 24]

beccen m. buyer, WW (#KGl#) 75^36. [= bycgend]

bece m. = bæc II.

bēce (oe) f. ‘beech’ (tree), Gl. (v. also bōc.)

becēapian^1 to sell, Æ: buy, Æ.

becefed = becæfed, pp. of becæfian.

bēcen I. ‘beechen,’ made of beechwood, Lcd, WW. II. (NG) = bēacen

beceorfan^3 to cut, cut off, separate, Æ. hēafde b. to behead.

beceorian to murmur at, complain of.

becēowan^2 to gnaw in pieces, #Soul# 111.

becēpan I. to take notice of, #LPs#. II. = becȳpan

beceð pres. 3 sg. of bacan.

becīdan to complain of, ÆH 2·470^6.

becierran (e, y) to turn, turn round, pass by, avoid, Met; CP: wind, twist: pervert, Chr: give up, betray. [‘bicharre’]

beclǣman to plaster over, poultice, #Lcd#.

beclǣnsian to cleanse, #SPs# 18^14.

beclemman to bind, enclose, #Sol# 71.

beclencan to hold fast, #LPs# 104^18.

beclēsung = beclȳsung

beclingan^3 enclose, bind, #El# 696.

beclipð (CP) = beclypð pres. 3 sg. of beclyppan.

beclīsung = beclȳsung

beclypian (eo) to accuse, challenge, sue at law, LL. [‘beclepe’]

beclyppan to clasp, embrace, encompass, hold, Æ.

beclypping f. embrace, OEG.

beclȳsan to close, shut up, enclose, confine, imprison, Æ. [clūse] [[under “clūs”]]

beclȳsung f. enclosure, cell, OEG 1522: period, syllogism, OEG.

bēcn == bēac(e)n

becnāwan^7 to know, RB.

becnedan^5 to knead up, #Lcd# 93a.

bēcnydlic = bȳcnendlic [[redirected to “bīcnendlic”]]

becnyttan to knit, tie, bind, Æ, CP.

becol-a? m., -e? f. spectre, WW 530^33.

bēcrǣding = bōcrǣding

becrēopan^2 to creep into, crawl, AO: be hidden, Æ.

becst pres. 2 sg. of bacan.

bēctrēow = bōctrēow

becuman^4 to happen, befall, Æ: come, approach, arrive, enter, meet with, fall in with, B; Æ, AO, CP: happen, befall, Bo, Æ: (impers.) befit, MkL 14^31. [‘become’]

bēcun (NG) = bēacan [[under “bīcnan”]]

becwelan^4 to die, LL 400 (1).

becweðan^5 to say: speak to, address, exhort, admonish, blame, Ps: ‘bequeath,’ leave by will, KC; Æ.

becweðere m. interpreter, translator, EHy 16 (proem.).

becwyddod bespoken, deposited, WW 115^39.

becwylman? to torment (BT).

becyme m. event, result, BH 372^19.

becȳpan to sell.

becyrran = becierran

±bed I. n. prayer, supplication, Æ, CP: religious ordinance, service, Æ. II. = bedd. III. = bæd pret. 3 sg. of biddan.

bedǣlan to deprive, strip, bereave of, rob, Æ: release, free from. [‘bedeal’]

bēdan = bēodan

+bēdan = +bædan

bedbǣr (ē) f. portable bed, NG.

+bedbigen f. payment for prayers, LL 258 (51). [bycgan]

bedbolster m. bolster, pillow, WW 124^20.

bedbūr n. bed-chamber, #HGl# 481.

±bedcleofa (e, i, y) m. bedroom, chamber: lair, #Ps#.

bed-cofa m., -cofe f. bedchamber.

bedd n. ‘bed,’ couch, resting-place, Jn, KC; CP: garden-bed, plot, #Lcd#; Mdf.

+bedda f. consort, wife, B. [‘i-bedde’]

±beddagas mpl. rogation days.

beddclāð m. bed-covering; pl. bed-clothes.

beddclyfa = bedcleofa

beddgemāna m. cohabitation, CP 99^25.

beddian to make a ‘bed,’ WW: provide one with a bed, LL.

bedding f. ‘bedding,’ bed-covering, LPs, WW; Æ: bed.

beddrēaf = bedrēaf

beddreda (i, y) = bedreda

beddrest † f. bed.

beddstōw f. bed, BH 410^12.

be-dēaglian (-dēahl) = bedīglian

bedecian to beg, Æ, CP.

bedēglian = bedīglian

bedēlan = bedǣlan

bedelfan^3 to dig round, Lk: bury, Rood; AO. [‘bedelve’]

bedelfung f. digging round, WW 149^11.

beden pp. of biddan.

bedēpan (#VPs#) = bedīpan

bedeppan = bedyppan

bedfelt mn. bed-covering, RB 91^16.

bedgerid n. (ant’s) nest, #Lcd# 118a.

+bedgiht f. evening, WW 117^8.

±bedhūs n. chapel, oratory, Æ.

+bedian to pray, worship, BH 408^29.

bedīcian to surround with a dyke, embank, fortify, #Chr# 1016#e#.

bedidrian = bedydrian

bedīeglan = bedīglian

be-dīglian (-dīhl-; ēa, ē, īe) to conceal, hide, obscure, keep secret, Æ: be concealed, lie hid.

bedīgling f. secret place, #RPs# 80^8.

beding = bedding

bedīolan (K) = bedīeglan

bedīpan (ē, ȳ) to dip, immerse: anoint, #CPs# 140^5.

+bedmann m. worshipper, priest.

bedōn to shut, PPs 147^2. [‘bedo’]

bedol = bedul

±bedrǣden f. prayer, intercession, Æ.

bedragan v. pp. bedrōg.

bedrēaf n. bed-clothes, bedding, Æ.

bedreda (i, y) m. (and adj.) ‘bedridden’ (man), Æ.

bedrēf = bedrēaf

bedrēosan^2 to overcome, deceive? #Gen# 528, 823: deprive of, bereave, despoil.

bedrest = beddrest

bedrida = bedreda

bedrīfan^1 to drive, beat, strike, assail, AO: follow up, pursue: surround, cover.

bedrincan^3 to drink up, absorb, #Lcd#.

bedrīp n. compulsory service rendered to a landowner at harvest time, LL. [‘bedrip’]

bedrōg beguiled, #Gen# 602.

bedrūgian to dry up, #Lcd# 1·336^4.

bedryda = bedreda

bedrȳpan to moisten, GPH 391^18.

+bedscipe † m. cohabitation, wedlock.

+bedstōw f. place of prayer, oratory.

bedstrēaw n. straw for bedding, ÆL 31^572.

bedtīd f. bed-time, WW 176^2.

+bedtīd time of prayer, MH 126^18.

bed-ðegn, -ðen, m. chamber-servant, chamberlain, WW.

bedu f. asking, prayer, CP. [Goth. bida]

bedūfan^2 immerse, submerge, drown, Æ. [‘bedove’]

bedul suppliant, WW 180^12.

bedwāhrift n. bed-curtain, Ct.

bedydrian to conceal from, Æ: deceive, Æ.

bedȳfan to immerse, GD 73^24; #CPs# 68^16.

bedȳglan = bedīeglan

bedȳpan = bedīpan

be-dyppan (e), to dip, immerse, Æ, Mt. [‘bedip’]

bedyrnan to conceal. [dierne]

beēastan to the east of, AO, #Chr#.

beēastannorðan to the north-east of, AO.

beebbian to leave aground by the ebb tide, strand, #Chr# 897#a#.

beefesian to cut off the hair, ÆL 33^84.

beerf- = beyrf-

befædman = befæðman

befǣlon pret. 3 pl. of befēolan.

befæstan to fasten, fix, ground, establish, make safe, put in safe keeping, Æ, CP: apply, utilize: commend, entrust to, Æ, CP.

befæstnian (ea) to fix, Æ: pledge, betroth.

befættian to fatten, anoint, #LPs# 140^5.

befæðman, -mian to encircle, Æ.

befaran^6 to go, go round or among, traverse, encompass, surround, AO: come upon, surprise, catch, LL 230, 13, 1.

befealdan^7 to fold, roll up, envelop, clasp, surround, involve, cover, Æ, CP: attach.

befeallan I. (sv^7) to fall, Mt, CP; Æ: deprive of, bereave of: fall to, be assigned to: ‘befall,’ #ÆGr#. II. = befyllan

befeastnian (NG) = befæstan

befēgan to join, ÆL 23^425.

befelgan = befylgan

befellan = befyllan

befelðrǣd = hefeldðrǣd (#HGl# 489)

befeohtan^3 to take by fighting, Rd 4^32. [‘befight’]

befēolan^3 to put away, bury: deliver, grant, consign, entrust to, Ps: betake oneself to, apply oneself, devote oneself to, persist, persevere, CP: importune: put up with, be pleased with. [‘bifele’]

befeolhan = befēolan

befēon to deprive of property, OEG 3157.

befer (eo, y) m. ‘beaver,’ ÆGr (eo); Mdf.

befēran to surround, Æ: come upon, overtake, pass by: go about: fall among, NG.

befician to deceive, LL (320^24).

befīlan = befȳlan

befilgan = befylgan

befiod (#HGl# 480) pp. of befēon.

beflēan^6 to peel, skin, flay, WW. beflagen flǣsc entrails. [‘beflay’]

beflēogan^2 to fly upon, BH. [‘befly’]

beflēon^2 (w. a.) to flee from, flee, escape, avoid, Ps; CP. [‘beflee’]

beflōwan^7 to flow round, over, Wif. [‘beflow’]

befōn^7 to surround, clasp, include, envelop, encase, clothe, Bl; Æ, AO, CP: comprehend, seize, attach (at law), lay hold of, catch, ensnare, Gen: contain, receive, conceive: explain, CP. wordum b. tell, relate. on b. have to do with, engage in. [‘befong’]

befor = befer

beforan I. prep. α. (w. d.) (local) ‘before,’ in front of, in the presence of: (temporal) before, prior to, sooner than. β. (w. a.) before. II. adv. (local) before, in front: (temporal) before, formerly, in former times, earlier, sooner: at hand, openly.

beforhtian to dread, Æ 23b^525.

befōtian to cut off one’s feet, Æ 25^117.

befrēogan to free, liberate, #Ps#.

be-frīnan, -frignan^3 to question, ask, learn, Æ.

befrīnung f. inquiry, investigation, OEG 2309.

befrȳnan = befrīnan

beftan = beæftan

befullan entirely, completely, perfectly, CP 5^20.

befȳlan (ī) to befoul, defile, Lcd; Æ. [‘befile’]

befylgan to follow after, pursue, persevere with, #Lcd#.

befyllan I. to fell, lay low, strike down: (†) take by killing, bereave, rob. [feallan] II. to fill up. [full]

bēg = bēag

bēga gmfn. of bēgen.

begalan^6 to sing incantations over, enchant, Lcd; Æ. [‘bigale’]

begān to go over, traverse, Æ: get to, come by, fall into: go to, visit, care for, cultivate, AO: occupy, Æ, BH, Lcd: surround, Chr. ūtan b. besiege: practise, do, engage in, perform, attend to, be diligent about, Æ, CP: honour, serve, worship: profess. on borh b. pledge oneself, CP. [‘bego’]

bēgan = bīegan

begang m. †way, course, circuit, extent: district, region: business, undertaking, practice, exercise, service, reverence, worship: cultivation, GD. [= bīgeng]

beganga = bīgenga

begangan = begān

begangol (bigeong-) m.? cultivator, LkR: worship, DR.

be-gānnes, -gangnes f. ‘calendæ,’ celebration.

begbēam m. bramble, thorn-bush.

bēge = bēgen

bēgea = bēga

bēgean = bīegan

begēat I. m. attainment, Æ: acquisitions, property, Æ. II. pret. 3 sg. of begēotan.

begēm- = begīm-

begēmen (#KGl#) = begīmen

bēgen nm. (but where one thing is m. and the other f. or n., the nom. is bā, bū), nf. bā, nn. bū; gmfn. bēg(e)a, bēgra; dimfn. bǣm, bām; am. bū; af. bā; an. bū both. v. also būtū. [‘bo’]

begenga = bīgenga

begēomerian to lament, W 75^15.

begeondan (AO, CP), begeonde, -geonan, prep. w. a. d.; and adv. ‘beyond,’ on the other side, Æ, Chr, Jn.

begeotan = begietan

begēotan^2 to pour over or upon, anoint, infuse, flood (with), sprinkle, cover with fluid, Chr; Æ. [‘bigeten’; Ger. begiessen]

beger n. berry, #Gl#.

beget = begeat pret. 3 sg. of begietan.

begeten pp. of (1) begēotan, (2) begietan.

bēgian = bēagian

begiellan^3 to sing, celebrate, #Seaf# 24.

begietan^5 (e, i, y) to get, find, acquire, attain, receive, take, seize, AO, CP: happen: beget.

begietend (e) m. one who gets, WW 214^25.

begīman (ȳ) to look after, take care of: do service, attend: take heed, observe.

begīmen f. attention, observation.

begīming f. invention, device: observance: care, regard, OEG (ȳ).

begīnan^1 to open the mouth wide, swallow.

beginnan^3 to ‘begin,’ Æ; AO, CP: attempt, undertake, Æ: attack, AO.

begir = beger

begirdan = begyrdan

begitan (AO, CP) = begietan

begleddian to befoul, pollute, Æ: stain, dye, Æ.

beglīdan^1 to leave, desert, #PPs# 56^1.

begnagan^6 to gnaw.

begneorð? attentive, BH 370^2 (?= *becneord, BT).

begnīdan^1 to rub thoroughly, #Lcd# 50a.

begnornian to mourn for, B 3179.

begong = begang

bēgra gmfn. of bēgen.

begrǣtan = begrētan

begrafan^5 to bury, El 835. [‘begrave’]

begrētan to lament, #PPs# 77^63.

begrindan^3 † to grind, polish, sharpen: deprive of, rob.

begrīpan^1 to grip, seize: chide, Ps. [‘begripe’]

begriwen ptc. steeped in, Æ.

begroren overwhelmed, #Sat# 52.

begrornian = begnornian

begrynian to ensnare, entrap. [grīn]

begȳm- = begīm-

begyrdan to gird, clothe, Æ: surround, fortify, CP.

begytan = begietan

bēh = bēag, bēah

behabban to include, hold, surround, comprehend, contain, AO, CP: detain, withhold.

behādian to unfrock (a priest), LL.

behæfednes f. restraint, temperance.

behæpsian to fasten a door, ÆL 31^214.

behǣs f. promise, vow, #Chr# 1093. [v. ‘behest’]

behættian to scalp, Æ: make bald.

behaldan = behealdan

behamelian to mutilate, hamstring, Æ: strip naked?

behammen ‘clavatus,’ (of shoe) patched (BT), studded with nails (Napier), GD 37^13.

behāt n. promise, vow, Æ: threat.

behātan^7 (often w. d. pers.) to promise, vow, pledge oneself, Æ; CP: threaten. [‘behight’]

behātland n. promised land, GD 204^12.

behāwian to see clearly, take care, consider, Mt. [‘bihowe’]

behēafdian to ‘behead,’ Mt; Æ, AO.

behēafdung f. beheading, Æ.

behēafodlic capital (punishment), OEG 4042.

behealdan^7 to hold, have, occupy, possess, guard, preserve, KC; CP: contain: keep, observe, consider, Bl, Ps; AO, CP: to ‘behold,’ look at, gaze on, observe, see, Gen; Æ, CP: signify, Æ: avail, effect: take care, beware, be cautious, CP: act, behave.

behealdend m. beholder, spectator, BH 26^23.

behealdennes f. observance, DR: continence, DR.

behealdnes f. regard, observation, Æ.

behēawan^7 to cut, chip, chop, beat, CP: cut off from, deprive of.

behēdan (#KGl#) = behȳdan

be-hēfe, -hēf(e)lic suitable, proper, necessary, Æ.

behēfnes f. convenience, utility.

behelan^4 to cover over, hide.

beheldan = behealdan

behelian to cover over, conceal, bury, CP.

behelmian to cover over, #Sol# 104.

behēofian to lament.

be-heonan, -heonon prep. (w. d.) and adv. on this side of, close by.

be-hēot, -hēt, pret. 3 sg. of behātan.

behicgan = behycgan

behīdan = behȳdan

behīdiglīce = behȳdiglīce

behienan (#Chr#) = beheonan

behildan to depart, #EPs# 138^19.

behindan I. prep. (w. d., a.), adv. ‘behind,’ after, Chr, etc.; CP.

be-hinon, -hionan = beheonan

behīring = behȳrung

behīwian to dissimulate, RBL 16^7.

behlæmman = behlemman

behlǣnan to surround.

behlāf f. remainder, Æ. [= *belāf]

behlēapan^7 to leap upon, settle on, fix upon, devote oneself to, CP.

behlehhan = behlyhhan

behlemman † to dash together.

behlīdan^1 to close, cover over, Æ, AO.

behliden = beliden, pp. of belīðan.

behlyhhan^6 (e) † to deride, exult over, Gu. [‘bilaugh’]

behlȳðan to rob, deprive of, #Rd# 15^10.

behōf n. behoof, profit: need, want, OEG 27^34.

behōfian (abs. and w. g.) to have need of, require, want, BH, Lcd; CP, Æ: (impers.) it behoves, concerns, belongs, is needful or necessary, MtL, Jn. [‘behove’]

behōflic necessary, MkL. [‘behovely’]

behogadnes f. practice, WW 427^37.

behogian to care for, RB. [‘bihogien’]

behogod careful, prudent, DR. adv. -līce.

behōn^7 to hang round, CP. [‘behung’]

behorsian to deprive of horses, #Chr#.

behrēosan^2 to fall: cover, shelter. behroren pp. divested of.

behrēowsian to rue, repent of, make amends, Æ: compassionate, Æ. [‘bireusy’]

behrēowsung f. repentance, penitence, Æ. [‘bireusing’]

behrēowsungtīd f. time of repentance, Septuagesima, Æ.

behrīman to cover with hoarfrost, #Wif# 48.

behringan to surround, CP.

behrōpan^7 to plague, importune, Lk 18^5.

behrūmian to besmirch, WW.

behrūmig sooty, MH 52^27.

bēhð f. witness, sign, #Jud# 174.

behwearf I. (eo) pret. 3 sg. of behweorfan. II. (#EPs#) = behwearft

behwearft m. exchange, #LPs# 43^13.

behweolfan (A) = behwylfan

behweorfan^3 to turn, change, spread about: see to, arrange, prepare, treat, Æ: bury, Æ.

behwerfan = behwirfan

behwirfan (e, y) to turn, change, convert, CP: exchange: prepare, instruct, exercise.

behwon whence, BH.

behwylfan to cover, vault over, #Ex# 426.

behwyrfan (Æ) = behwirfan

behycgan to consider, bear in mind: confide, trust (on).

behȳdan (ī) to conceal, shelter, Mt; Æ. [‘behide’]

be-hȳdednes, -hȳdnes f. concealment, secret place.

behȳdig careful, watchful, anxious, Æ. adv. -hȳdiglīce, -hȳdelīce.

behȳdignes f. solicitude, care, anxiety. [hygdig] v. MP 1·393.

behygd- = behȳd-

behyhtan to trust, W 48^8.

behyldan to flay, skin, AO.

behylian to cover, veil, ÆL 33^237.

behȳpan (ē) to surround, BH 188^14. [hȳpe]

behȳpian to hang up, OEG 3322.

behȳran to let on hire, WW.

behȳrung f. letting, loan, WW.

behȳðelīce sumptuously, WW 513^6.

beiernan^3 (i, y) to run up to, over, or into, incur: occur to.

beigbēam = begbēam

beinnan = binnan

beinsiglian to seal up, RHy 6^34.

beirnan = beiernan

beiundane = begeondan

belācan^7 to inclose, #Rd# 61^7.

belādian to excuse, clear, Æ, AO, CP.

belādiendlic apologetic, that can be excused, OEG.

belādigend m. apologist, WW 332^2.

belādung f. apology, excuse, WW.

belǣdan to lead astray, RB. [‘belead’]

belǣfan to leave, spare: be left, remain, survive, Ps; Æ. [‘beleave’]

belændan = belandian

belǣðan to make hateful, pervert, W 47^7.

be-lǣwa (Æ), -lǣwend, m. betrayer.

belǣwan to betray, Æ.

belǣwung f. betrayal, treachery, Æ.

belāf I. pret. 3 sg. of belīfan. II. v. behlāf.

belandian to deprive of lands, #Chr#.

belcedswēora adj. having an inflated neck, #Rd# 79^1. [bælc]

belcentan, belcettan = bealcettan [[under “bealcan”]]

beld, beldo = bieldo

+beldan I. to cover, bind (a book)? JnL p188^3. II. = +bieldan

belēan^6 to censure, reprove: charge with: dissuade, forbid, prevent, CP.

belē- (NG) = belǣ-

belecgan to cover, invest, surround, afflict, An; AO: attribute to, charge with, accuse. [‘belay’]

belēfan = belȳfan

belendan = belandian

belene f. henbane.

belēogan^2 to deceive by lying, GD: (impers.) be mistaken. [‘belie’]

beleoran (A) to pass by, pass over.

beleorendlic past, DR.

belēosan^2 † to be deprived of, lose.

belēweda (LL 438^5) = belǣwend [[under “belǣwa”]]

belewit = bilewit

belflȳs n. bell-wether’s fleece, LL 451 (14).

belg (æ, i, y) m. bag, purse, leathern bottle, pair of bellows, pod, husk. [v. ‘belly’]

+belg m. anger: arrogance, RB 69^20.

belgan^3 (intr., refl.) to be or become angry, CP, Æ: (+) offend, provoke.

belgnes f. injustice, MtL 20^13 (bælig-).

+belh = +belg

belhring m. bell-ringing, RB.

belhūs = bellhūs

belibban to deprive of life.

belicgan^5 to lie round, surround, hedge in, encompass, Æ, AO.

belīfan^1 to remain over, be left, Æ; AO. [‘belive’]

belīfend m. survivor, OEG.

belīfian = belibban

belig = belg

belīman to glue together, #Sc# 96^19.

belimp n. event, occurrence, affair.

belimpan^3 to concern, regard, belong to, conduce to, Bo; CP: happen, B; Æ: become: (impers.) befit. [‘belimp’]

be-lisnian, -listnian to castrate, Æ. belisnod, -listnod pp. as sbm. eunuch. wæs b. ‘stupratur,’ #HGl# 507.

belīðan^1 † to deprive of. pp. beliden departed, dead, #An# 1087.

bell = belle

bellan^3 to bellow, bark, grunt, roar, Rd. [‘bell’]

belle f. ‘bell,’ KC; Æ, CP.

bellhūs n. ‘bell-house,’ belfry, LL, WW.

belltācen n. indication (sounding of the hour) by a bell, HL 11^65.

belltīd f. a canonical hour marked by the ringing of a bell. (cp. belltācen)

belōcian ‘intendere,’ #RPs# 44^5.

belone = belene

belt m. ‘belt,’ girdle, WW.

belūcan^2 to lock, shut up, close, surround, enclose, embody, Bl, CP, Mt, VPs; AO: stop, impede, block up, choke, Æ: preserve, protect: shut out, exclude, Æ. [‘belouke’]

belune = belene

belūtian to lie hid, GD 293^15.

belȳfan (ē) to believe, Æ. pp. belȳfed having belief.

belympan = belimpan

belyrtan (N) to deceive, cheat, MtL 2^16. [‘belirt’]

belytegian to allure, seduce, AO 112^26. [lytig]

bemǣnan to ‘bemoan,’ bewail, mourn over, lament, Æ.

bemancian to maim, #Lcd# 3·214^20.

bēmare = bȳmere

bēme = bīeme

bemeldian to disclose, reveal, denounce.

bēmere = bȳmere

bemetan^5 to estimate, account, consider, AO. [‘bemete’]

bemīðan^1 to hide, conceal, CP: lie hid.

be-murcian, -murcnian, to murmur at, grumble over, AO 48^17.

bemurnan^3 (also wk.) to mourn, bewail, deplore, be sorry for: care for, take heed for.

bemūtian to change, exchange for, #Gu# 42. [L. mutare]

bemyldan to bury, WW. [molde]

ben = benn

bēn I. f. (±) prayer, request, Lk; AO, CP: compulsory service, LL 447 (v. 2·418, Fron.). [‘bene’] II. pret. 3 sg. of bannan.

bēna m., bēne f. suitor, petitioner, AO.

benacian to lay bare. [nacod]

benǣman (ē) to take away, deprive of, rob of, Æ, AO. [niman]

benc f. ‘bench,’ B.

bencian to make benches, LL 455 (13).

bencsittend † m. one who sits on a bench.

bencswēg ‡ m. bench-rejoicing, sound of revelry, B 1161.

bencðel † n. bench-board, wainscotted space where benches stand, B. [v. ‘theal’]

bend mfn. (+b. MtL) bond, chain, fetter, BH, Bl, Mt, Ps; CP: band, ribbon, ornament, chaplet, crown, WW. [‘bend’]

bēndagas mpl. days of prayer, ‘dies rogationum,’ A 8·329^26.

±bendan to bend (a bow), Ps: bind, fetter, Chr. [‘bend’]

bendfeorm = bēnfeorm

beneah (pret. pres. vb.) pl. benugon, pret. benohte to have at one’s disposal, possess, enjoy: require.

beneced = benacod pp. of benacian.

benēman = benǣman

benemnan to name: stipulate, settle, declare, asseverate.

benēotan^2 † to deprive of, rob.

beneoðan (i, y) prep. w. d. ‘beneath,’ under, below.

bēnfeorm f. harvest feast? bean-feast? food required from a tenant? (BT), LL 452´.

bengeat n. wound-gash, B 1121.

benīdan to compel? A 9·110.

beniman^4 to take, assume, obtain, AO: take away from, deprive of, bereave, rob, BH, Bo, Gen; AO, CP: contain: catch, apprehend. [‘benim’]

beniming f. deprival, WW (bi-).

beniðan = beneoðan

bēnlic (oe) that may be entreated, DR. adv. -līce beseechingly, DR.

benn † f. wound, mortal injury. [bana]

bēnn pret. 3 sg. of bannan.

benne f. reed-grass, BC (Mdf).

±bennian † to wound.

benohte v. beneah.

benorðan in the north, northwards (of).

benoten pp. of benēotan.

benotian to use, consume, ChrB. [‘benote’]

bēnrīp n. compulsory service rendered to a landowner at harvest time, LL 448. [cp. bedrīp]

±bēnsian to pray, supplicate, BH.

benst pres. 2 sg. of bannan.

bēntīd f. prayer time, rogation days, #Men# 75.

bēntigðe, bēntīð(ig)e granting requests, gracious, #LPs#: obtaining requests, successful, #Chr#.

benð pres. 3 sg. of bannan.

benugon v. beneah.

bēnyrð f. ploughing required from a tenant, LL 448 (5,2).

benyðan = beneoðan

bēo I. f. nap. bēon; dp. bēo(u)m ‘bee,’ Ps; Æ. II. pres. 1 sg. of bēon.

bēobrēad n. honey with the comb.

bēoce = bēce

bēoceorl m. bee-master, bee-keeper, LL 448[5].

bēocere m. bee-keeper, LL. [MHG. bīkar]

+beod = +bed

bēod m. table, Mt: bowl, dish. [‘beod’]

bēodærn n. refectory, dining-room, Æ (-ern). on bēoderne at table.

beodan = bidon pret. pl. of bīdan.

±bēodan^2 to command, decree, summon, Æ, AO, CP. b. ūt call out (an army), banish: declare, inform, announce, proclaim, Gu, LL: threaten: offer, proffer, give, grant, surrender, Æ, Gen; AO: (refl.) show oneself, behave: exact, collect. [‘bid,’ ‘i-bede’]

bēodbolle f. table-bowl, #Gl#.

bēodclāð m. ‘gausape,’ table-cloth, carpet, #ÆGr# 34^8.

bēoddern = bēodærn

bēoddian to do joiner’s work, LL 455 (13).

bēodend m. preceptor, CM 967.

bēodendlic = bebēodendlic

bēodern (Æ) = bēodærn

bēodfæt n. table-vessel, cup, WW 204^25.

bēodfers n. grace at meal-time.

bēodgæst m. table-companion, #An# 1090.

bēodgenēat † m. table-companion.

bēodgereordu np. feast, #Gen# 1518.

bēod(h)rægl n. table-cloth, WW 126^33.

bēodlāfa fp. table-leavings, #Bl# 53^13.

bēodland n. land from which the table of monasteries, etc., was supplied, glebe-land, Ct.

bēodlēs f. table-allowance, TC 474^6.

bēodrēaf n. table-cloth, TC 530^36.

bēod-scēat n., -scȳte m. table-napkin, towel, WW 449^22.

bēodwyst f. a table with food on it, #LPs# 22^5. [wist]

beofer = beofor

beofian = bifian

beofor (e, y) m. beaver.

beoft redupl. pret. of bēatan; beoftadon is from a later wk. *beoftian (ES 38·28).

beofung = bifung

bēogang m. swarm of bees, WW.

+bēogol (ȳ) submissive, obedient: forgiving, Æ. [būgan]

bēohāta m. chief? prince? #Ex# 253?

beolone = belene

bēom I. dp. of bēo I. II. = bēam. III. = bēo pres. 1 sg. of bēon.

bēomōder f. queen-bee, OEG.

bēon I. anv. [conj. in full (WS and A) Wt 548] to be, exist, become, happen. b. ymbe to have to do with. b. of to be gone. (v. also eom, wesan.) II. nap. of bēo I.

bēona gp. of bēo I.

bēonbrēad = bēobrēad

bēonbroð n. mead? (or? bēanbroð ES 38·302).

bēonnon pret. pl. of bannan.

bēor n. strong drink, ‘beer,’ mead, Lk (v. A 27·495). [bēow]

+bēor m. pot-companion, guest, Æ.

beora = bearu

±beoran = beran

bēorbyden f. beer-barrel, LL 455 (17).

beorc I. (e, i, y) f. birch, Mdf: name of the rune for =b=. II. (±) n. barking.

beorcan^3 (tr.) to ‘bark,’ CP: (intr.) bark at, Lcd.

beorce = beorc

beorcen (i, y) of birch.

beorcragu (e^1) f. lichen from a birch-tree, #Lcd# 99b.

beorcrind (e^1) f. birch-bark, #Lcd# 119b.

beord (BH 392^27) = bord

bēordræst(e) f. dregs of beer, #Lcd#.

beorg m. mountain, hill, Lk, AO; Mdf: mound, tumulus, ‘barrow,’ burial place, Æ, Lcd.

+beorg n. protection, defence, refuge, W.

beorgælfen f. orcad.

±beorgan I. sv^3 (w. d.) to save, deliver, preserve, guard, defend, fortify, spare, An, Ps; AO, CP: (w. refl. d.) beware of, avoid, guard against. [‘bergh’] II. = byrgan II.

beorg-hlið n. nap. -hleoðu mountain-height, mountain-slope.

+beorglic fitting, profitable, LL, W: safe, prudent, Æ.

beorgseðel n. mountain dwelling. [setl]

beorgstede m. mound.

±beorh I. == beorg. II. imperat. of beorgan.

beorhlēode (WW 178^41) = burglēode

+beorhnes f. refuge, #CPs# 30^3.

+beorhstōw f. place of refuge, #PPs# 31^8.

beorht (e, y) I. ‘bright,’ shining, brilliant, light, clear, Bo, El, Gu: clear-sounding, loud, Cra: excellent, distinguished, remarkable, beautiful, magnificent, noble, glorious, PPs: pure, sublime, holy, divine. II. n. brightness, gleam, light. ēagan b. twinkling of an eye: sight.

beorhtan = bierhtan

beorhtblōwende bright-blooming, #Lcd# 1·404^9.

beorhte brightly, brilliantly, splendidly: clearly, lucidly, distinctly, CP.

beorhthwīl (OEG) = bearhtmhwīl

beorhtian to glisten, shine, BH, Ps: to sound clearly, B: to make bright, VPs. [‘bright’]

+beorhtian = +beorhtnian

beorhtlic brilliant, clear, shining, splendid. adv. -līce, Mk; Æ. [‘brightly’]

beorhtm = bearhtm

beorhtnes f. ‘brightness,’ clearness, splendour, beauty, JnL, Lk; CP.

±beorhtnian (e) to grow bright, OEG 534: glorify.

beorhtrodor m. shining heavens, #Ex# 94.

beorhtte (= *beorgihte) pl. mountainous, AO 10^25.

beorhtu = bierhtu

beorhtword (y^1) clear-voiced, #Sat# 238.

bēorhyrde m. cellarer, butler, #Cra# 75.

beorm- = bearm-

beorma m. ‘barm,’ yeast, leaven, Mt.

+beormad leavened, MtR 13^33.

beorn I. † m. man: noble, hero, chief, prince, warrior, B, Ma: rich man, #Run# 12. [‘berne’] II. = barn pret. 3 sg. of biernan. III. = bearn

beornan (#VPs#) = biernan

beorncyning m. lord of heroes, B 2148.

beorne = byrne

Beornice mp. Bernicians, inhabitants of part of Northumbria.

beorning (= ie) f. incense, LkL 1^11.

beornðrēat m. troop of men, #Pa# 50.

beornwiga m. †warrior, hero.

bēorscealc reveller, feaster, B 1240.

±bēorscipe, m. feast, banquet, revel, Æ, CP.

bēorsele † m. beer-hall, banqueting hall.

bēorsetl n. ale-bench, #Jul# 687.

beorswinig (NG) = bærsynnig

bēorðegu † f. beer-drinking.

beorð fn? birth: the thing born. [[from first edition]]

-beorðling (ie) v. hyse-b. [[headword spelled “hyseberðling”]]

±beorðor (e, o, u, y) n. child-bearing, child-birth: what is born, foetus, offspring.

beorðorcwelm m. abortion, WW 348^23.

beoruh = beorg

beosmrian = bismrian [[redirected to “bismerian”]]

bēost m. beestings, the first milk of a cow after calving, WW: swelling (of the ground)? v. Mdf. [‘beest’]

beosu = basu

±bēot I. n. boastful speech, boast, threat, Æ, Gen. on b. boastfully: promise, vow, AO: command: peril, danger, #Da# 265. [= behāt; ‘beot,’ ‘i-beot’] II. pret. 3 sg. of bēatan.

beotian = botian

±bēotian to threaten, Jul: boast, vow, promise, AO. [‘beoten’]

±bēotlic arrogant, exulting, boastful, threatening, Æ. adv. -līce.

bēotmæcg m. leader, #Da# 265.

bēoton pret. pl. of bēatan.

bēotung f. threatening.

bēotword † n. boast: threat.

bēoðēof m. bee-thief, LL 54[9,2].