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Title: The Parochial History of Cornwall, Volume 4 (of 4)

Author: Davies Gilbert

Contributor: Mr Hals Mr Tonkin

Release Date: October 23, 2019 [EBook #60558]

Language: English

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THE

PAROCHIAL HISTORY

OF

CORNWALL.

J. B. NICHOLS AND SON, 25, PARLIAMENT-STREET.

CORNWALL,

FOUNDED ON THE MANUSCRIPT HISTORIES

MR. HALS AND MR. TONKIN;

WITH ADDITIONS AND VARIOUS APPENDICES,

BY

DAVIES GILBERT,

SOMETIME PRESIDENT OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY, F.A.S. F.R.S.E. M.R.I.A. &c. &c. AND D.C.L. BY DIPLOMA FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD.

IN FOUR VOLUMES.

VOL. IV.

LONDON:

PUBLISHED BY J. B. NICHOLS AND SON;

AND SOLD BY

J. LIDDELL, BODMIN; J. LAKE, FALMOUTH; O. MATTHEWS, HELSTON; MESSRS. BRAY AND ROWE, LAUNCESTON; T. VIGURS, PENZANCE; MRS. HEARD, TRURO; W. H. ROBERTS, EXETER; J. B. ROWE, PLYMOUTH; AND ALL OTHER BOOKSELLERS IN CORNWALL AND DEVON.

1838.

HISTORY

OF THE

PARISHES OF CORNWALL.

STITHIANS.

HALS.

Stithians is situate in the hundred of Kerrier, and hath upon the north Gwenap, west Gwendron, east Gluvias and Peran-well, south Mabe.

I take it to be the same place taxed in the Domesday Book 1087, by the corrupt name of Stachenue.[1] At the time of the first inquisition into the value of Cornish Benefices this church was not endowed if extant, nor its daughter church Peranwell; but in Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, it was rated by the name of Stedians, £14. 0s. 8d. The patronage formerly, as I am informed, either in the rector and fellows of the College of Regular Priests at Glasnith, or the Governor of St. John’s Hospital at Sithney, now in Boscawen; the incumbent ―――― Hillman, and the parish rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax, for one year 1696, £104. 4s. 0d.; the rectory in ―――― Boscawen.

This church is dedicated to St. Thomas à Beckett, and accordingly their parish festival is kept on St. Thomas’s Day, July 7th, as was its superior collegiate church of Glasnith, founded by Walter Branscomb, Bishop of Exeter, A. D. 1256.

The barton and manor of Penalmicke, id est, the head or chief coat of mail armour, so called for that such armour was made or lodged in this place in former ages by the possessors or proprietors thereof; which place gave name and original to an old family of gentlemen from thence surnamed de Penalmick; from whose heirs it passed to Skewish, tempore Queen Mary, of whose posterity Collan Skewish, gent. tempore 3d of James I. sold the same to Sir Nicholas Hals of Fentongollan, knight, whose son John Hals, esq. sold the same to Pendarves, now in possession thereof as I am informed.

Tretheage, alias Tredeage, in this parish, is the dwelling of John Morton, gent. that married ―――― Wilton.

On the south-west part of this parish towards Gwendron, near the highway, are still to be seen nine stones perpendicularly erected in the earth, in a direct manner, called the Nine Maids or Sisters, probably set up there in memory of nine religious sisters or nuns in that place, before the fifth century (See St. Colomb Major and Buryan); not women turned into stones as the English name implies, and as the country people thereabout will tell you. See also Gwendron.

This parish is enriched with streams and lodes of tin in abundance.

TONKIN.

Stithians is in the hundred of Kerrier, and hath to the west Gwendron, to the north Gwenap, to the east St. Piran Arwothall, and to the south Constanton and Mabe.

This parish takes its name from its guardian saint St. Stithians [rather Stithian. But who was he? W.]

It is a vicarage, valued together with St. Piran Arwothall in the King’s Book [see Piran Arwothall before], and hath the same patron, impropriator, and incumbent with that. I shall begin with the chief estate in it,

THE MANOR OF TRETHEAGE,

――the fair town or dwelling. [The fair house. W.] And so it may be well called, considering the country it lies in, as being for that pleasantly situated on the river which runs under Ponsannowth or New Bridge, and emptieth itself under Piran Arwothall church. This was formerly a manor of large extent, but now strangely curtailed.

Of late years it hath been the seat of the family of Morton; the last of which who lived here, John Morton, gent. who married ―――― the daughter of John Wilton of Dunveth, gent. was oddly outed of it (169..) by Nicholas Pearce; who having gotten a great deal of money in Magdalen Ball in Gluvias, settled it on his son Nicholas Pearce, lately dead, leaving by ―――― his wife, the daughter of ―――― Trewren, esq. of Trewardreva, one son Nicholas Pearce, a minor, who is the present lord of this manor. Morton’s arms were, Argent, a chevron between three moorcocks Sable.

THE EDITOR.

The church and tower of this parish are handsome objects built of granite, which abounds throughout all that district.

Mr. Lysons gives, as usual, on account of the ancient manors. The manor of Kennal, he says, belonged in the reign of Edward the Second to Matthew Penfern, afterwards to the Carminows, one of whose coheiresses brought it to the Arundells of Lanherne; by whom, in the year 1800, it was sold to three brothers of the name of Bath, who are the present proprietors. The manor of Roseeth is the property of Thomas Hocker, esq. the devisee of Thomas Reed, esq. The barton of Tretheage is the residence of Mrs. Curgenven, widow of the late proprietor, Captain Curgenven, of the Royal Navy. The barton of Penalurick belongs to Mr. Hocker, and Stephen Ustick, esq. The bartons of Treweek and Tresavren belonged to the family of Hawes, but now to Mr. James Brown.

Tretheage, situated near the turnpike road leading from Truro to Helston, has a very pleasing appearance in the midst of a country almost bare of trees. About fifty or sixty years ago this place was the residence of a gentleman called Tincombe, who had been a practitioner of medicine, but retired to Tretheage, where either he or his father had built the present house. He married a Miss Kniverton of Tredreath in Lelant, but died without children.

Trevales has been for many years the residence of the late Mr. Thomas Reed, and of his ancestors; who having been long what is termed good livers in the parish, advanced themselves by successful adventures in mines, and by conducting a tin smelting house in the parish of Perran Arworthall. Mr. Thomas Reed never married, and devised the greater part of his property to Mr. Hocker his near relation.

Mr. Lysons says, the church of Stithians was given by Edward the Black Prince, to the abbey of Rewley near Oxford, in exchange for the manor of Nettlebed. It appears from the printed documents relative to that abbey, that Edmund Earl of Cornwall, in pursuance of his father’s direction, Richard King of the Romans, founded Rewley Abbey in the year 1280.

His charter, inter alia, has these words:

Sciant præsentes et futuri quod nos Edmundus, claræ memoriæ domini Ricardi regis Alemanniæ filius, et Comes Cornubiæ, dedimus, concessimus, et hac præsenti carta nostra confirmavimus Deo et Ecclesiæ beatæ Mariæ de Regali-loco juxta Oxon. et Abbati inibi commoranti, et quindecim Monachis capellanis ordinis Cisterciensis sibi professis, pro anima Ricardi quondam Regis Alemanniæ patris nostri divina celebrantibus, et eorum successoribus ibidem commorantibus, Deo servientibus et imperpetuum servituris, omnes terras et tenementa quæ habuimus in North Oseneye juxta Oxon ―――― cum Advocatione Ecclesiæ de Sancta Wendrona et aliis pertinentiis suis in hundredo de Kerier in Cornubia. Preterea dedimus ―――― totum nemus quod habuimus apud Netlebedde ――――

And in the Valor Ecclesiasticus, taken after the dissolution by Henry the Eighth, is this entry:

Com. Cornub. Wendrono et Stadyon, Firma Rector’ £22. 0s. 0d.

But nothing appears relative to the exchange of Nettlebed for Stithians.

The late vicar, the Rev. Edward Nankivell from St. Agnes, had been for several years Chaplain to the Factory at Smyrna.

Stithians measures 3987 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property, as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 4110 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 910 12 0 Population, { in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 1269 | 1394 | 1688 | 1874. giving an increase of 47½ per cent. in 30 years. Present Vicar, the Rev. C. W. Woodley, presented by the Earl of Falmouth in 1829.

GEOLOGY, BY DR. BOASE.

With the exception of a small patch on its eastern extremity, this parish is situated entirely on granite, affording varieties similar to those of Gwennap, Redruth, Camborne, and Crowan, all of which are intersected by beds of porphyry, called by the miners elvan courses. The slate which occurs on the eastern side of this parish is felspathic, resembling that of the adjoining parish of Gwennap.

[1] There is no such name in Domesday Books; Mr. Hals must have misread Stratone or some similar name.

STOKE CLIMSLAND.

Stoke Climsland is situate in the hundred of East, and hath upon the north Lezant, west Southill, east Calstock and the Tamar River, south Killington.

This parish and church take their name from the manor of Stow Climsland in this parish aforesaid, and by that name it was taxed in the Domesday Book 1087. It was first given by Orgar Duke of Devon, or Elphrida his lady, to Tavistock Abbey in Devon, which he had founded. (Dugdale’s Monasticon Anglicanum, page 360.) Afterwards it became the possession of the Kings of England or Earls of Cornwall, and was by King Edward III. incorporated into the Duchy of Cornwall 1336. (See the charter under Lestwithiel.) And to remove an action at law out of the Court Leet of this Duchy or Stannary Manor, or any other in Devon, as I have elsewhere noted under Helleston, the writ must be thus directed:――

Gardiano Stannarum Devon et Cornubiæ, Capitali Senescallo Ducatus sui Cornubiæ, aut suo Deputat. ibidem. Et precipue sibi aut suo Deputat. Senescallo infra manerium de Stow Climsland parcell. Ducatus Cornub. pred. infra Com. Cornub. &c.

Of Hengiston Downs, King Egbright’s victory, and tin works in this parish, I have spoken under Killington. And of this manor of Climsland, and the park of Cari Bollock in this parish are mention made in the Duke’s Charter aforesaid. Now the modern name Cary-Bollock, I take to be only a corruption of Carow-Bollogk, female deer of a stag, probably kept here in the Duke’s park, when brought out of the forest of Dartmoor.

It appears from the ancient Survey of the Duchy of Cornwall in the Exchequer, tempore Edward III. (and Blount’s Tenures, from thence also extracted page 107), that the old tenure of this Duchy Manor of Climsland or Clemsland, was villanage.

The manor of Rillaton in this parish, was invested with the jurisdiction of a Court Leet, and is annexed to the Duchy of Stoke Climsland, with all its privileges, as I am imformed. To remove an action at law from which, the writ must be thus directed: Senescallo Decanorum, Præposit. et liberis tenent. Manerii sui de Rillaton, parcell. Ducatus sui Cornub. in Com. Cornub. salutem.

In the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester 1294, Ecclesia de Stoke, in decanatu de Est, was rated at cvis. viiid. In Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, Stoke Climsland Church was valued at £40, the patronage in the Dukes and Earls of Cornwall that endowed it; the incumbent ; and the parish rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax, for one year 1696, £424. 14s.

TONKIN AND WHITAKER.

Is situate in the hundred of East, and hath to the west Linkinhorne and Southill, to the north Lezant, to the east the river Tamar, to the south Kellington and Calstock.

Stoke is the same with Stow, a place; and hath the adjunct of Climsland from the great duchy manor here.

[The word is Clema’s land, Clemmow being a personal name still in Cornwall, pronounced there Clemma, and meaning Clement. W.]

This is a rectory, valued in the King’s Book £40; the patronage in the Duke of Cornwall, the incumbent Mr. John Heron.

THE MANOR OF CLIMSLAND.

This, in the extent of Cornish acres, 12 Edw. I. (Carew, fol. 48) is valued in fifty, by the name of Clemysland, in which I suppose is comprehended the park of Carybullock belonging thereto. This being one of the ancient manors belonging to the Duke of Cornwall, and so settled by Edward the Third on his son Edward the Black Prince in the eleventh year of his reign, I shall say no more of it here, but come to the most remarkable places in it; and first to

CARY BULLOCK PARK.

So Mr. Carew calls it (fol. 115), “Carybullock,” saith he “some time a parke of the Duke’s, but best brooking that name now it hath lost its qualitie, through exchanging deere for bullocks.” Sir John Dodridge (History of Wal. and Corn. p. 84, &c.) calls it Kerry-bollock; but what if I should say the right name was Caer-bollick, and did signify the intrenched inclosure on the river?――the situation would exactly answer this derivation; but, since the writing of this, I find (Salmon’s Survey of England, vol. II. p. 714) that Mr. Baxter, in Bullœum or Buelt (according to Mr. Camden) in Brecknockshire, interprets it to be Caer-Bulack or “Principis Domus,” the Prince’s town or inclosure, which (if true) would suit very well with this. [This is a judicious application of one of Mr. Baxter’s etymons to the present place; Bulœum, as Baxter says the name is written in the superior copies of Ptolemy’s Geography, Baxter thinks with Lhwyd to be the modern Caer Phylli. Bel, he says, is properly a head, and figuratively a king. This makes Caer Bulack, “quod ara est Regia.” “Certe,” he adds, very usefully, “vel ipsi novimus in Montegomerica nostra Regione Domunculam antiqua Rhesi filii Theodori progenie nobilem;” ennobled by the birth of Rhys ap Tudor, “vel hodie nominatam Caer Bulach, tanquam Principis dicatur domus.” In proof of Mr. Baxter’s seemingly unfounded interpretation of Bel, Bol, or Bul, a head and a king, we may observe the name of the sun Beal, in the Beal-tine of Cornwall and the Beil-tine of Ireland for the fires on May-day in honour of the sun; Beal, Bil (I.) a mouth; Bil (W.) the mouth of the vessel; Bollog (I.) a shell, a scull, the top of the head; Fal (I.) a king or great personage; Folar (I.) to command; Folarthoir (I.) an emperor; Folladh (I.) government; Ffelaig (W.) a general, a captain, a leader; Belee, plural Belein (C.) a priest or priests; Belek (A.) a priest; Pol-kil (C.) the hinder part of the head or the top of the neck; and in Belinus, Cunobelinus, and the promontory Bolerium of the ancient Britons; and Caer-Bulack, as a royal house is called equally in Wales, would in the Cornish mode of pronunciation be Cerry-bullock, as Car-hayes is Carry-hayes at present. W.]

Which since its being disparked by King Henry VIII. has been set out at lease to several gentlemen, and is now held by Sir John Coryton, of Newton, Bart.

Mr. Lysons enumerates the manors; the principal of which are the manor giving its name to the parish, part of the ancient possessions of the duchy of Cornwall, and the manor of Climsland Prior, extending into Linkinhorne, which formerly belonged to the priory of Launceston; and after the general dissolution was given with many other manors forming the modern duchy in exchange for the honour and castle of Wallingford.

Carrybullock, disparked by King Henry the Eighth, was held under a lease from the duchy by Mr. Weston Helyar.

Mr. Lysons mentions other manors and bartons of no general interest, with the exception of Whiteford, on account of its late proprietor.

Mr. John Call was one of those individuals of whom the country adjacent to the Tamar may be proud.

It is understood that he was born on the Devonshire side of the river, and various tales are related of his first advancement in life; these are usually little worthy of attention, and are most frequently exaggerated from an innate love of the marvellous. Mr. Call having proceeded to India as an engineer, most eminently distinguished himself in that field, more ample than any recorded in history for the successful display of abilities, and active persevering industry; and where, for the first time since distinct nations have been brought into contact by the improvements of navigation and of commerce, the vanquished have become debtors to the more successful party for protection, for the administration of equal laws and of impartial justice, and for the introduction among the inhabitants of the spirit of honour, the glory of modern Europe.

Here Mr. Call having served his country, and justly acquired the legitimate rewards of fame and of ample fortune, retired to his native country, purchased Whiteford, which he converted into a handsome seat, and much other property in the neighbourhood. His active mind could not, however, remain unemployed; he became a banker, a manufacturer of plate-glass, and a copper smelter. He served the office of Sheriff for Cornwall in the year 1771; afterwards represented Callington in Parliament, and was finally created a Baronet.

It may be interesting to insert some miscellaneous information which the gentleman communicated to this Editor in Oct. 1798, while he resided for a few weeks or months at Marazion, and which was imperfectly noted at the time.

He received the whole of his education as an engineer under Mr. Benjamin Robins, F.R.S. Engineer-General to the East India Company, the well-known author of various mathematical tracts, and especially of a treatise on the principles of gunnery, the force of gunpowder, and on the resisting power of the air to bodies in swift and in slow motion. This treatise his pupil Mr. Call transcribed for the press; and no doubt he assisted in making those admirable experiments and mathematical deductions from them, which have given a new character to this important branch of military science, as well in respect to small arms, and more especially to rifled barrels, as to cannon and mortars, in reference to which Mr. Call made an additional improvement so as to discharge shells from long guns by placing the fusee internally, with its orifice concentric to the surface instead of projecting, and thereby securing it from injury as the shot rolls in passing out of the gun.

He successfully defended Fort St. George at Madras; and in 1761 conducted the siege of Pondicherry, which ended in the capture of that place, the chief seat of the French power in India. Sir John Call also mentions as a curious circumstance, illustrative of the decisive effects produced by the well-directed fire of field artillery, that in a battle where he was present (query, was it Plassey?) a shell from an howitzer caused the explosion of a carriage containing gunpowder, which produced some confusion and disorder in the enemy’s line; the commander instantly ordered a charge, and the victory was decided.

And he related another anecdote on a very different subject. That having with other amateurs of astronomy made preparations for observing the transit of Venus by constructing a temporary observatory on the flat roof of the government house at Madras, they waited with impatience after a long continuance of fine weather, for the important 3d of June 1761, when a most violent storm on the preceding night injured or destroyed their instruments so as to render any observation impossible; and, what added to their mortification and disappointment, a long continuance of fine weather succeeded this tempest.

Whiteford is now the residence of his son Sir William Pratt Call, who was Sheriff of Cornwall in 1807, and has a family.

The manor of Climsland Prior paid to the monastery at Launceston, the free tenants 8s. the conventionary tenants £6. 13s. 9d.

The advowson of the living seems to have been appurtenant to the ancient duchy manor of Stokeclimsland.

This parish measures 7973 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 6010 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 2084 17 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 1153 | 1237 | 1524 | 1608 giving an increase of 39½ per cent. in 30 years. Present Rector the Rev. C. Lethbridge, presented by the Prince of Wales in 1805.

THE GEOLOGY, BY DOCTOR BOASE.

The southern part of this parish includes the whole of the granite of Kit Hill, which is for the most part of the coarse-grained crystalline variety so common in Cornwall. Proceeding northward, the rest of the parish is found to belong to the schistose rocks; those next to the granite are felspathic, and contain beds of porphyry, but those more remote, which form the greater part, must be referred to the calcareous series.

STRATTON.

Stratton is now situate in the hundred from thence denominated Stratton, (formerly Major Trigshire Cantred) and hath upon the north Powghill, east Lancells, south Marhamchurch, west Bude Bay and the Channel. As for the name, after the Saxon, it is compounded of Strat-ton, i. e. street or highway town, a lane or public road, derived perhaps from the Latin strata, a street or Roman highway; and by this name of Stratton, it is taxed in the Domesday Book 1087. In the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester aforesaid 1294, Ecclesia de Stratone, in decanatu de Major Trigshire, was rated £7. 13s. 4d. vicar’ ibidem 20s. In Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, it was valued £10. 11s. 6½d. The patronage formerly in the prior of Lancells, who endowed it as I am informed; now ――――; the incumbent ――――; and the rectory in possession of ――――; and the parish rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax 1696, £290. 18s. The town of Stratton is privileged with a weekly market on Tuesdays, and Fairs annually on the 8th of May, 28th of October, and 30th of November.

Thurlebere, Thurle-ber, bir, in this parish, was another district taxed in the Domesday Book 1087, from whence was denominated an ancient family of gentlemen surnamed De Thurlebere, or whurle-ber; i. e. cast, whirle, twine, the spit, short spear, dart, pike, lance or broach, for so the terminative particle ber, bere, bir, indifferently signifies. See Floyd upon Obelus. In this place John de Thurlebere held by the tenure of knight’s service, twenty pounds per annum in lands, tempore Edward III. and John de Cobham had likewise in it by the same tenure the third part of a knight’s fee. (Survey of Cornwall, page 40 and 52.) One of those Thurleberes married the daughter and heir of Thomas de Waunford, Lord of Ebbingford, alias Efford in Bude Bay, and afterwards made it the place of their residence, tempore Henry V. till at length the daughter and heir of those Thurleberes was married to Arundell of Trerice, tempore Edward IV. whose posterity are now in possession thereof.

Near this town of Stratton, in a field called ―――― there happened on Tuesday the 16th of May 1643, a sore and bloody battle between the army or soldiers of King Charles I. under conduct of his general Sir Ralph Hopton, knight, and Major-General Chudleigh, Commander of the Parliament Forces in those parts; where, after a sharp contest from five of the clock in the morning till three in the afternoon, the fight or success continued doubtful: so that Sir Bevill Grenvill, knight, was unhorsed, and his troop put into disorder by Chudleigh’s men; and the king’s party had been totally overthrown had not Sir John Berkeley with great courage and conduct led up the musketeers he commanded to their seasonable assistance, maintaining the charge with that stoutness, that the Parliament army, after the loss of about three hundred soldiers, gave ground, and Chudleigh was taken prisoner, with seventeen hundred more of his party. The king’s army having sustained the loss of about two hundred persons, had the plunder of the field, wherein they found seventeen brass pieces of ordinance, seventy barrels of powder, three thousand arms, with ammunition, provision, and biscuit, proportionable.

The country people hereabout will tell you, that the field aforesaid where this battle was fought, being afterwards tilled to barley, produced sixty bushels of corn, Winchester measure, in every acre (See St. Sennan); the fertility whereof is ascribed to the virtue the lands received from the blood of slain men and horses, and the trampling of their feet in this battle.

For this victory, Sir Ralph Hopton, knight of the Bath, was by Letters Patent dated at Oxford, 4th September, 19 Charles I. by him created Baron Hopton of Stratton; but he dying without issue at Bruges in Flanders, King Charles the Second, in the 12th year of his reign, conferred that honorary title of Straton, upon Sir John Berkeley aforesaid (younger son of Sir Maurice Barkley of Bruton in Somerset) who also was one of the four managers of martial affairs in Cornwall for King Charles I. together with the Lord Mohun, Sir Ralph Hopton aforesaid, and Colonel Ashburnham; he also reduced Exeter, and was made governor thereof, and gave for his arms in a field Ruby a chevron Ermine, between ten crosses pattee Pearl, six in chief, and four in base.

The ancestor of this Sir Ralph Hopton, knight, came out of France or Normandy, a soldier or huntsman under William the Conqueror 1066, by the name of the Norman Hunter, to whom he gave Hopton in the Hole in the county of Salop, (from whence afterwards he was denominated De Hopton,) which he conveyed to him and his heirs, and failing the remainder, to the crown.

Sir William de Mohun, one of the founders of the Abbey of Newham in Devon, 30th Henry III. gave to the same the bailiwick of the hundred of Axminster, and also the manor of Norton, with the hundred and bailiwick of Major Trigshire, now Stratton in Cornwall. (See Prince’s Worthies of Devon.) After the dissolution of Newham Abbey, 26 Henry VIII. it fell to the crown, from whence the present titles of those bailiwicks are derived.

Stratton is in the hundred of the same name, and is bounded to the west by the north or Severn channel and Poughill, to the north by Kilkhampton, to the east by the river Tamar, to the south by Lancells, Marhamchurch, and Poundstock.

As for the name, it is no other than the street town, from its consisting chiefly of one street, and being a great thoroughfare, but more probably from a Roman Way. [from the Roman stratum or street certainly, on which it lies. W.]

In anno 1291, 20 Edward I. the rectory was valued (Tax. Ben.) at £7. 13s. 4d. being appropriated to the Priory of Lanceston; and the vicar at 20s.

This church is a vicarage, valued in the King’s Book, at £10. 11s. 6d. ob.; the patronage in the crown.

THE MANOR OF STRATTON.

In Domesday Book Stratone was one of the manors given by William the Conqueror to his half-brother Robert Earl of Morton, when he made him Earl of Cornwall.

In the extent of Cornish acres, 12 Edward I. (Carew, fol. 48), it is valued in 21. In 3 of Henry IV. (Id. fol. 40 b.) Ranulph de Albo Monasterio (Whitchurch) [a family in this parish, formerly called Blancminster] held here one knight’s fee.

Stratton is a neat although a small town. Before the great roads were made through the middle of the county along the central ridge and above the formation of deep valleys, a northern entrance into Cornwall passed through this town.

Mr. Lysons says, that the manors of Stratton and Binomy belonged at an early period to an ancient family called in various records De Albo Monasterio, or Blanchminster and Whitminster. The property passed by an heiress to the family of Hiwis; and Emmeline the heiress of Hiwis, married first, Sir Robert Tresilian, Chief Justice of the King’s Bench, who lost his life through popular violence in the year 1388; and secondly, Sir John Coleshill.

Sir John Coleshill, son of the above, was killed at the battle of Agincourt in 1415, leaving an infant son; after whose death in 1483 the large estates of this family passed by a female heir to a younger branch of the Arundells, and were afterwards divided among its numerous representatives.

The manors of Binomy and Stratton having been purchased by the Grenvilles, have descended to Lord Carteret.

The manor of Efford or Ebbingford, belonged at an early period to the Waumfords or Waunfords, from whom it passed by a coheiress to the Durants, and from them by an heiress to the Arundells of Trerice, from whom it is derived to Sir Thomas Dyke Acland of Killerton.

The church and tower are fine specimens of the style of architecture prevalent throughout the West of England. There are also several monuments; and Mr. Lysons quotes from the register, the baptism and death of Elizabeth Cornish, who lived between these two dates, 113 years 4 months and 13 days. She was baptized in Oct. 1578, and was buried March the 10th, 1691.

The great tithes and the manor denominated Sanctuary, or Sentery, as was usual with such professions, belonged to the Priory of Launceston. After the dissolution of monasteries, this manor carrying with it the advowson of the vicarage, was annexed to the Duchy of Cornwall, with various other lands, in exchange for the honour and castle of Wallingford.

The great tithes were granted to the family of Wadder, but they have since been sold in parcels.

The place of most importance in this parish after the town, is Bude. This place has always given some shelter for boats, and afforded sand for manure. It has within about twenty years received most essential improvement. A pier or jetty has been built out into the sea, and a canal with inclined planes has been made for the conveyance of coal and merchandise into the country, and for bringing down slate and the produce of land; but above all, for supplying sand as a manure. The sand at this place consists entirely of powdered shells, as it does along the whole north coast of Cornwall, and it is found to be so efficacious for imparting fertility to clay lands, that it is frequently conveyed in wheel carriages to so great a distance from the coast, as to require the draft cattle remaining out a night.

The boats used on this coast are formed like boxes, having within each side a closed trough containing two wheels, which project a very little beyond the lower surface. These wheels are consequently no impediment to the boats floating on the water, but they enable them to ascend or to descend the inclined planes with the facility of other carriages. See a Treatise on the Improvement of Canal Navigation, by R. Fulton, 1 vol. 4to, London, 1796, p. 32, where this plan is suggested perhaps for the first time.

Bude is also become a place of resort for sea bathing; and several houses for the accommodation of strangers have been built by Sir Thomas Acland, so that it has acquired the well-known appellation of a watering place.

The Editor having omitted through inadvertence to notice in the adjoining parish of Launcels a gentleman one of the most respectable in the north-eastern part of Cornwall, hopes that he may be excused for inserting his name here.

Launcells House, a modern building on the spot where formerly stood the residence of the Chamonds, is the seat of George Boughton Kingdon, esq. respected by every one who has the honour of his acquaintance, for scientific and literary acquirements, and esteemed as a benefactor to his neighbourhood in the characters of a magistrate and of a worthy country gentleman.

An instance of longevity has been given in the parish of Stratton, and an occurrence has been stated to the Editor, which proves that Launcells participates in the general healthiness of that district.

It seems the identical six men who rang the bells in Launcells tower on the Coronation of King George the Third, rang them also on the day of his jubilee, having continued the parish ringers during all that time.

Their names are recorded in the parish, and may therefore be inserted here.

John Lyle, Henry Cadd, Richard Venning, John Ham, John Allin, Richard Hayman.

And of these, John Lyle rang at the accession of King George the Fourth, and of his present Majesty King William the Fourth, being then in his ninety-sixth year: but all are now gathered to their fathers.

And here, as appertaining more to the general character of the country than to any particular parish, in reference to the terrific cliffs which surround this coast, it may be proper to state a fact communicated by Mr. Kingdon; that, from actual measurement taken by himself, Hennacleve cliff on Westcot Down, in the parish of Moorwinstow, is 430 feet above the level of the beach.

Stratton measures 2300 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 3563 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 710 19 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 960 | 1094 | 1580 | 1613 giving an increase of 68 per cent in 30 years. Present Vicar, the Rev. Jacob Hawker, presented by the King as Prince of Wales in 1833.

This parish, like the adjoining one of Kilkhampton, is composed of compact and of schistose varieties of dunstone, occasionally interspersed with beds of calcareous schist and limestone.

TALLAND.

Talland is situate in the hundred of West, and hath upon the north Pelynt, east the haven or harbour of Looe, south the British Channel, west Lansallas.

In the Domesday Book 1087, this district was taxed under the Jurisdiction and in the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester, into the value of Cornish Benefices, Ecclesia de Talland 1294, was rated at £8. vicar ejusdem 40s. In Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, it was not valued or named. The patronage is in ――――; the incumbent ――――; and the rectory in possession of ――――; and the parish rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax 1696, for one year, £156. 15s. But if the word Talland be compounded only of Ta-land, it signifies the good acceptable land.

West Looe, alias Porth-Vyan, Porth-Byan, alias Porth-Bichan or Porth-Bigan, or Pigan, all synonymous words in British, only varied by the dialect, which signifies the little gate, cove, creek, or entrance, according to the natural circumstances of the place, where daily the sea makes its flux and reflux some miles up into the land or country, through a narrow passage betwixt the parishes of St. Martin’s and Talland aforesaid, over which is a curious and strong stone bridge of about twelve arches, which as an artificial ligament fastens those parishes and the towns of East and West Looe together; which latter, by the name of Porth Byhan, was taxed as the voke lands of a privileged borough or manor in the Domesday Book as aforesaid, 1087, and still known by the name of Porth Byan or West Looe; and by this name all its privileges were confirmed, and the town incorporated 16th of Queen Elizabeth, by the name of the mayor and burgesses thereof, consisting of a mayor and twelve burgesses.

The members of Parliament are elected by the majority of freemen; and the precept from the Sheriff, or the writ for electing those members, as also for removal of an action at law depending in this court to a superior, must be thus directed:

Majori et Liberis Burgensibus Burgi sui de Porth Byan, alias West Looe, in comitatu Cornubiæ, salutem.

And as a further testimony of its present grandeur, though I take it much inferior in riches and building to the late erected town of East Looe, it hath ever, and still stands as a noun substantive in the Exchequer, and was rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax for one year, by the name of the borough of West Looe, £15. 13s. 1696. Whereas, the borough of Michell falls under the tax of Newlan and St. Enedor parishes; Bosinney or Trevena under Dundagell; and Camelford under Lantegles, in the Exchequer, without name or value.

This town is also privileged with a fair yearly, on 25th April, and markets weekly.

[Illustration: Seal of “Portuan otherwys called West Lo.”]

The arms of this borough are, a soldier or man of war Proper, with a bow in one hand, and an arrow in the other. For the etymology of Looe, see East Looe.

This manor of borough of Porthbyan, as I am informed, was heretofore villanage tenure, and pertained to the Bodrigans.

In this town of West Looe, was born Charles Wager, as I am informed, son of ―――― Wager; who, being placed an apprentice at sea, grew so expert in navigation and the mathematics, that he became a great master in that art; and being after in the sea fight between Queen Anne and the French and Spaniards, he behaved himself so well in his valour and conduct, though to the loss of one of his arms, that by Queen Anne or King George he was afterwards knighted, and preferred, not only to the command of a third-rate frigate, but made Admiral of the Red Squadron of Men of War, for him and his son King George the Second, in the Baltic Sea and British Channel 1729.

In this parish stands the barton and manor of Killygarth. This lordship, tempore Edward III. was the lands of the Sergeaulxes, and particularly of Richard de Sergeaulx, who is mentioned in Mr. Carew’s Survey of Cornwall, page 52, 25 Edward III. then to have held in Cornwall, by the tenure of knight service, £20 per annum in lands and tenements. His son Sir Richard Sergeaulx, knight, was Sheriff of Cornwall, 12 Richard II. whose son Richard Sergeaulx held in Killygarth, Lanreth, and Lansulhas, three little knight’s fees of land of Morton, as also two fees and a half in Colquite, (idem librum, p. 42,) 3 Henry IV. (five knight’s fees was four thousand acres of land); who dying without issue male, his three daughters or sisters became his heirs, and were married to Seyntaubyn and Beare of Cornwall, and Marney of Essex, as I am informed; after whose decease, Beare became seised of this lordship, was married and had issue Thomas Beare, esq. Sheriff of Cornwall, 4th of Edward IV.; and William Beare, Sheriff of Cornwall, 6th of Edward IV. who gave the bear for his arms, the colours I know not.

This William Beare had issue only one daughter, married to Peter Bevill, a younger brother of John Bevill of Gwarnack, esq. who had issue by her, John Bevill, esq. that married Mileton of Pengersick; who by her had issue Sir William Bevill, knight, Sheriff of Cornwall, 31st of Elizabeth 1591, that married ――――, but had no legitimate issue: so that his brother Philip’s daughter Elizabeth became his heir, and was married to Sir Bernard Grenvill of Stowe, knight, father of Sir Bevill Grenvill, knight, that sold this lordship of Killygarth to Killygrew, from whom it passed to Hallet, and from him to Kendall of Middlesex, now in possession thereof.

The arms of Bevill are Ermine, a bull passant Sable.

Hen-darsike in this parish is a contraction of Hen-dowers-ike, i. e. old, ancient cove, creek, lake, or bosom of waters, lands probably under such circumstances. It is the dwelling of John Morth, esq. that married ―――― Buller of Morvall; his father William Morth was Sheriff of Cornwall 2 William III.

This family in genteel degree hath flourished in this place for many generations, though I am not informed as to the particulars.

In this parish at Trenake is the dwelling of Thomas Achym, gent. which family hath flourished in those parts for many generations in genteel degree, and give for their Arms, in a field Argent a maunch mantail Sable, within a bordure of the First charged with cinquefoiles of the Second. If the name of Achym be a monosyllable, it signifies in British a descendant, issue, offspring, or progeny.

Talland is in the hundred of West, and is bounded to the west by Launcells, to the north by Pelynt, to the east by Looe river, and to the south by the British Channel.

This is a vicarage, not valued in the King’s Book; but in anno 1291, 20 Edward I. it was valued, the rectory (Tax. Benef.) at £8, it having been appropriated to Launceston Priory; and the vicarage at 40s. The patronage is in Archdeacon Kendall, and the incumbent Mr. Doidge.

Mr. Thomas Kendall had a younger brother, Colonel James Kendall, who was Governor of Barbadoes in ――――, one of the lords of the Admiralty under Queen Anne, and a member of Parliament in several Parliaments: he died suddenly, unmarried, July the 10th, 1708, at his house in London, very rich, and left a natural son by Mrs. Colliton, who now goes by the name of Kendall.

Under Killygarth is Porth-Para, vulgo Polpera, id est, the sandy port. “A little to the eastwards,” saith Carew, (fol. 131 b.) “from Killygarth, the poor harbour and village of Polpera coucheth between two steep hills:” [from which circumstance, as I know of no word similar to para in the Cornish, and signifying sand in English, I might more aptly take the name to be (as Carew writes, and as usage sounds it) pol-pera, pol-poran, the close or strait pool. But the fact is, that the name is purely English, with a Cornish pronunciation. “By est, the haven of Fowey upon a iiii miles of,” says Leland, Itin. vii. 121), “ys a smawle creke cawled Paul Pier, and a symple and poore village upon the est side of the same, of fisharmen, and the bootes ther fishing by [be] saved by a Peere or key. In the est side of this Paul Pirre,” &c. And since the cove is still written as Leland first writes it, “Paul Pier” (See Borlase’s map) so is it obviously allusive to the “Pier or Key,” which he mentions at it. W.] where plenty of fish is vented to the fish-drivers, whom we call “jowters” [men who jolt about with horses and panniers to sell fish]. And between this and the church is Porth Talland.

The manor by the name of Tallan, in the extent of Cornish acres, 12 Edward I. is valued in six. (Carew, fol. 49.) [Here let me just note what Mr. Tonkin has omitted, the etymology of the name of the parish, and of the manor. Written originally Tallan, and gaining only the final T. by vicious pronunciation, the manor and the parish derive their name apparently from the church; and this takes its appellation from its site, I apprehend, being seated upon the high bold shore of the channel, and so being called Tal-Lan, the high church or the church upon a high position; just as Tal-ar (C.) signifies a high land or headland, and as a high rock in St. Allen is called Tal-Carne. W.] Of the ancient lords of which manor I shall give a full account on the other side [see towards the end]; and only take notice here, that within it, and

Next is the church. Near this the family of Murth hath long dwelt. “In the same parish where Killingworth is seated,” saith Carew, (fol. 131), “Master Murth inheriteth a house and demaynes: hee maried Treffry: his father Tregose. One of their ancestors, within the memory of a next neighbour to the house called Prake (burdened with a hundred and ten yeeres of age), entertained a British [a Bréton] miller; as that people, for such idle occupations, prove more handie than our owne. But this fellow’s service befell commodious in the worst sense. For when, not long after his acceptance, warres grew between us and France, he stealeth over into his country, returneth privily backe againe with a French crew, surpriseth suddenly his master and his guests at a Christmas supper, carrieth them speedily unto Lantreghey,” [or the church town in Bretagne] “and forceth the gentleman to redeeme his inlargement with a sale of a great part of his revenues.”

The present owner is Jeffry Murth, esq. who is a Justice of the Peace, and a very honest good-natured gentleman: he is married to the daughter of John Oxenham, of Oxenham in Devon, esq. His father, John Murth, esq. married Elizabeth, the daughter of John Buller, of Morval, esq. Arms of Murth, Sable, a chevron between three falcon’s legs erased, with bells, Or.

Mr. Bond has given so good and ample an account of this parish in his Topographical and Historical Sketches of East and West Looe, 1 vol. 8vo. printed by Nichols, 25, Parliament Street, Westminster, 1823, that the whole which is addative to Hals and Tonkin, is here inserted.

West Looe is situated in the parish of Talland, within which parish is a hamlet called Lemain, and part of West Looe lies in this hamlet. On the barton of Portlooe in the parish of Talland, just opposite Looe Island, was a cell of Benedictine Monks, called Lammana, subject to the Abbey of Glastonbury, to which the site appears to have been given by the ancestors of Hastulus de Solenny; there are some remains of the chapel still in existence.

I measured this chapel on the 13th of April 1815, and found it, within the walls, about forty-seven feet long by twenty-four wide. About three or four hundred yards to the eastward of the chapel are the remains of some antient building, perhaps that in which the monks dwelt. The remains of the eastern end wall thereof, at present eight or ten feet high, have two very narrow windows or openings, still in being. The situation of this chapel and house is very pleasant; they lie in a sort of natural amphitheatre, sheltered from the north winds by high land.

In Hearne’s Appendix to Adam de Domerham, is a grant of Hastulus de Solenny, confirming the Island of St. Michael de Lammana (most probably that of St. George opposite Looe) to the Monks of Glastonbury; a grant of Roger Fitzwilliam quitting claim to the lands of Lammana, which he held for life under the Church of Glastonbury (reserving the house which Mabil his sister occupied), and one of Richard Earl of Cornwall, granting the Monks a licence to farm out the church, and the Island of Lammana. It appears that Abbat Michael, about the middle of the thirteenth century, leased it to the Sacristary of the Convent. The Free Chapel of La Mayne in Cornwall, was granted to Edward Bostock, 5th Jac.――Lysons’s Mag. Brit.

* * * * *

Two of the grants noticed by Mr. Lysons, are printed in the New Edition of Dugdale’s Monasticon.

Carta Hastuli filii Johannis de Soleneio.

Universis Christi fidelibus, ad quos præsens scriptum pervenerit, Hastulus filius Johannis de Solenneio, salutem in Domino. Universitati vestræ notificetur, quod Ego Hastulus filius Johannis de Solenneio concessi, et præsenti carta confirmavi, Deo et ecclesiæ beatæ Virginis Mariæ Glaston. et ejusdem loci conventui, totam Insulam Sancti Michaelis de Lammana, cum omnibus pertinentiis suis, et terris, et decimis, quam ab antiquo, dono prædecessorum meorum, tenent; ut in omnibus, tam libere, et quiete, et honorifice, ab omni servitio sæculari et exactione servili, ipsam possideant, integre, plenarie, et pacifice, in planis et pascuis, et in omnibus consuetudinibus liberis, sicut Ego melius et liberius terram meam in dominiis meis possideo, et ut omnia pecora sua cum meis ubique pascantur. Concedo etiam eis plenarie decimas dominii mei omnes de Portlo, et ut jura, libertates et consuetudines, sicut ego in mea curia, ita ipsi in sua curia habeant. Prohibeo siquidem, ne aliquis ex ballivis vel servientibus meis, illis quacumque occasione aliquam molestiam inferant; vel sæculare servitium ab eisdem exigere præsumant, unde fratres mei, Monachi Glastonienses, in prefato loco Lammana Deo servientes, ab eisdem famulatu, ullatenus præpediantur. Si quis autem huic concessioni meæ fidem et effectum adhibuerit, a pio Judice mercedem condignam inveniat. Qui vero eam in irritum ducere præsumpsit, deleat eum Deus de libro vitæ, et cum Juda proditore sine fine pœnas exolvat. Ne igitur facti mei tenor vacillet in dubio, præsentis scripti paginam sigilli mei appositione roboravi. His testibus,

Helya, tunc ejusdem Priore, et ejus socio Monacho Johanne――Henrico filio Milonis――Willelmo Milite――Grimbaldo――Roberto Clerico――Jordano Decano――Angero de Surtecote――Jocelino Milite fratre ejus――Gervasio Capelleno de Sancto――Marco――Rogero Ruffo――Rogero Cileintenat――Willelmo filio Roberti――et multis aliis.

Carta Ricardi Comitis Cornubiæ.

Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos præsens scriptum pervenerit, nobilis vir Ricardus Comes Cornubiæ salutem in Domino. Noveritis nos, pro salute nostra, et hæredum et successorum nostrorum, remisisse et quieta clamasse in perpetuum pro nobis, heredibus et successoribus nostris, viris religiosis, Abbati et conventui Glaston. ac Ecclesiæ ejusdem loci, Hospitia cum arreragiis, sectas comitatum, schire hundredorum, et curias de factum, et omnes alias sectas et consuetudines quæ ad nos et hæredes et successores nostros alicujus jure pertinebant seu pertinere poterant, de terris et possessionibus suis de Lammena, cum pertinentiis, videlicet――pro x solidis sterlingorum annuatim solvendis senescallo nostro vel ballivo Cornubiæ apud castrum de Lanstavetone ad festum sancti Michaelis. Concessimus etiam, in puram et perpetuam elemosinam, dictis Abbati et conventui ecclesiæ Glaston, pro nobis et hæredibus et successoribus nostris imperpetuum, plenam licentiam et liberam potestatem ponendi Ecclesiam et insulam de Lammana, præfatas ecclesias, terras et possessiones ejusdem loci cum pertinentiis, ad firmam alienandi. Insuper eas, si voluerint, vel aliter de eisdem, pro ipsorum bene placitodis ponendi, sine aliqua contradictione, exactione vel impedimento nostri vel hæredum aut successorum nostrorum.

Et ut hæc nostra remissio, quieta clamantia, et concessio rata sit et in posterum perseveret, huic scripto sigillum apposuimus. His testibus, Dominis Ricardo de Latur, Willelmo Talebot, Petro Gandi, Olivero de Aspervile, Petro de la Mare, militibus, Johanne de Latur, Ricardo Basset, et aliis.

MIDMAIN ROCK.――PORTNADLER BAY.

Between the main land and Looe Island stands a rock, higher than the surrounding ones, which is called Midmain or Magmain. Small vessels frequently pass between the island and the main land, when the tide is in. An imaginary line drawn from Looe Island westward, to a high rock called horestone or orestone, about a mile distant, would form the outer boundary of a piece of water called Portnadler Bay; from whence the name is derived I know not.

CORPORATION.

Queen Elizabeth incorporated West Looe 14th February 1574, in the sixteenth year of her reign, by the name of Mayor and Burgesses of the Borough of Portbyhan, otherwise West Looe, in the county of Cornwall. Twelve chief burgesses were appointed by this charter. The mayor is elected from the Chief Burgesses, by their votes and the votes of the Free Burgesses, on Michaelmas-day annually, between nine and twelve of the clock in the forenoon, and then sworn into office. The mayor is also a Justice of the Peace, as is likewise the steward. The mayor has no power to appoint a deputy. The steward, however, has such an authority; but his deputy is not a Justice of the Peace.

WEST LOOE DOWN.――GIANT’S HEDGE OR MOUND.

Just above the houses (the intermediate space filled up with gardens and orchards) is a common or down, called West Looe Down, of near a hundred acres, on which are the remains of a mound of earth that runs many miles across the country, and is noticed by Borlase, who, from its extent and other circumstances, supposed it to be a Roman work. His account of it as follows: “That the Romans had ways in the eastern parts of the county about Loo and Lostwithiel, the following antient work, shewn me by the Rev. Mr. Howell, Rector of Lanreath (June 25 and 26, 1756), will abundantly confirm. It is called the Giant’s Hedge, a large mound, which reaches from the valley in which the Boroughs of East and West Looe are situated, to Leryn, on the river Fowey. It is first visible on West Looe Down, about two hundred paces above the Mills; whence it runs to Kilminarth Woods; from and through them to Trelawn Wood, about three hundred paces above Trelawn Mill; then through Little Larnick to the barton of Hall, in which there are two circular encampments, about four hundred paces to the north of it; thence quite through the said barton, making the northern boundary of fields to the glebe of Pelynt Vicarage, called Furze Park; then cross the barton of Tregarrick; and thence, through the north grounds of Tresassen and Polventon, to the glebe lands of the rectory of Lanreath, where I measured it seven feet high and twenty feet wide at a medium; thence it stretches through the tenement of Wyllacombe to Trebant Water; whence it proceeds, through the barton of Longunnet and some small tenements, to Leryn; from which there is a fair dry down, called St. Winnow Down, leading north along to Lostwithiel. This risbank, or mound, ranges up hill and down hill indifferently; has no visible ditch continued on any brow of a hill, as intrenchments always have; there is no hollow, or foss, on one side more than the other; it is about seven miles long, and tends straight from Looe to Leryn Creek, in the direct line from Looe to Lostwithiel. By all these properties, its height and breadth, in wanting the fosses of fortification, its straightness and length, the grandeur of the design, and the labour of execution, I judge that it can be nothing less than a Roman work. In this supposition I am the more confirmed, first, because several Roman coins have been found on the banks of Fowey river (as see “Antiquities of Cornwall,” p. 282), and, as I have been informed, also in the run of this notable work; secondly, by its tendency to the first ford over the navigable river of Fowey; for it must be observed that the Romans, thoroughly sensible of the delays and hazards of crossing friths and arms of the sea, and the danger of bridges getting into the possession of the natives, were equally averse both to bridges and passing large rivers; they had therefore in constant view the nearest and most commodious fords of rivers, and directed their roads accordingly. Now near Leryn Creek, where the work ends, there is a ford, and no where below is the river Fowey fordable; which plainly accounts for their conveying this road so high up the country, that it might at once convey their troops towards their station at Lostwithiel, and afford them a safe passage over the river Fowey into the western parts, through Grampont and Truro.”

Borlase also, in his Natural History, says, “There are the remains of a causey between Liskeard and Looe, near Polgover, the seat of Mr. Mayow, which, as well as the cross road from Dulo to Hessenford, vulgar tradition makes to be Roman.” This causey I have never been able to find out.

The above-mentioned mound is first visible directly above Looe bridge; so that, if a line was drawn west, as the bridge tends, it would come to it at the head of a field called Bridgend meadow, where a small orchard is planted. There is a very visible ditch all along West Looe Down to the north of the rampart. On the barton of Hall, however, the ditch is to the south of the rampart. This rampart on the barton of Hall is at least fifteen feet high and about twenty feet thick at the base. About four hundred paces north of it, as Borlase says, there are two apparently (though not perfectly, as I was informed by Captain Dawson, who assisted in taking the Trigonometrical Survey, under Colonel Mudge) circular encampments, situated in a field called Berry Park. Berry Park contains about eighteen acres, and may be termed a tongue of land. It has a valley on each side, and also at the bottom. Across the isthmus, if I may so term it, of this tongue of land, runs the mound, protecting that part of the field which the valleys do not extend to. The circles (or rings, as they are now called by the tenant) consist of one entire circle of about 122 paces diameter, surrounded with a rampart, ditch, and breast-work; the height of which rampart, from the bottom of the ditch, is, I imagine, upwards of fifteen feet, and must originally have been much higher. This circle has but one gateway into it, which is guarded by mounds without ditches, running upwards of fifty feet into the circle. The part of this circle where the gateway is, is surrounded by about three fourths of another circle, whose sweep, had it been continued, would have intersected the inner circle; but the southern part of this outermost circle, when it comes within twenty or thirty feet of the inner, falls into the segment of another circle, which runs parallel to the inner circle, leaving a platform of about fifty feet breadth between the two ditches, and surrounding about a third part of the inner circle. From the gateway of the inner to the opposite point of the outward circle, is about 144 paces, which may be about three fourths of the diameter. The outer circle has a similar rampart, ditch, and breast-work with the inner circle, and one gateway, which is not quite opposite that of the former. These circles command very fine prospects both of land and sea. Rame Head and the entrance into Plymouth are visible from Berry Park. You can see these circles from Bindown Hill with the naked eye; and from the elevation of that hill you look down on them so as to see their areas.

In a field a short distance south-west of Pelynt church-town, and about half a mile in a direct line from the said circles, are many barrows. The field in which they are, is I believe, called the The Five Barrows. At the bottom of this field is a highway, leading from Pelynt Church-town to the Fowey road. In this highway, just at the bottom of the said field, a few years since, a grave was discovered by some men mending the highway. It was formed by four stones on their edges, and a covering stone. In this kestvaen was an urn, with burnt ashes in it; and round the urn were piled, in a regular manner, the unburnt remains of human bones. I went to Pelynt purposely to see this curiosity, but found the grave had been filled up, and its contents buried. The urn was described to me by a man who saw it as having ornaments of flowers and leaves on its outside, and that it fell into sheards when touched. I could not learn that any coin or other thing was found in the urn or grave; indeed, I fancy there was a lack of curiosity in all concerned.

Part of the mound on West Looe Down has been from time to time dug down, to obtain earth for building and plastering. I have several times desired the labourers, in case of their finding any coin or other thing curious, to preserve it; but have never heard of any thing being found of late years. A celt (commonly called in this neighbourhood a thunderbolt[2]) was some years ago found on this Down; and it was given by the late Mr. Bawden, of Looe, to Mr. James, of St. Kevern. I have a celt, made of a hard black stone, which was found in pulling down an old house at East Looe a few years since; it is between six and seven inches long, and very perfect. I lately saw some like it in shape and stone, but not so large, in the British Museum.

I also remember seeing a celt that was found, about thirty years ago, at Kilminarth, near the ruin of the said mound: about which time a gold chain and several instruments of brass were found in a decayed hedge, or side of a highway, near Little Larnic, by an apprentice girl. Her mistress described them to me as being somewhat like hatchets, and said “she believed they were things which the warriors used in antient times.” I applied to the mistress, in hopes of getting a sight of them; but her apprentice had sold them to a buyer of old brass. The hedge formed one side of the high road, not far from the said mound. The apprentice told me that the gold chain was about a foot and a half in length――that when she found it, not thinking it was gold, she tied it to the end of a stick, and made a sort of whip of it to drive home the cows. She some time after discovered that it was gold, and kept it by her for several years, when she gave it to her brother, who sold it to a Mr. Patrick, a jeweller at Dock, for three pounds. The brother told me that Mr. Patrick said it was Corsican gold; and he (the brother) also told me that he well remembered the brass instruments, and that some of them were like the tops of spontoons.

POLVELLAN.

On West Looe Down the late John Lemon, esq. (M.P. for Truro, and who died April 5, 1814), about the year 1787 erected a small but extremely neat house in the cottage style, and inclosed some ground round it by virtue of a grant from the Corporation. He gave it the name of Polvellan, and laid it out with great taste. Pol, in Cornish, signifies a Pool, and Vellan a Mill; and below the house are a mill and pool, inclosed by a stone wall of about half a mile sweep, in a circular direction. I cannot describe the contrivance and use of this pool better than in the words of Mr. Carew, in his “Survey of Cornwall.”――“Amongst other commodities afforded by the sea, the inhabitants make use of divers his creekes for grist mills, by thwarting a banke from side to side, in which a flood-gate is placed, with two leaves; these the flowing tide openeth, and, after full sea, the weight of the ebb closeth fast, which no other force can doe; and so the imprisoned water payeth the ransome of driving an under shoote wheel for his enlargement.” I apprehend the mill and pool-wall were built by one of the Arundells of Tremodart, in Duloe parish. The wall is about six or eight feet high, and almost broad enough for a coach to pass over it, and must have cost a great deal of money. It appears by a deed which I have seen, that the Mayor and Burgesses of West Looe, on the 30th of May, in the twelfth year of the reign of James the First (1614), granted all that parcel, quantity of ground, oze, or water, now surrounded by the said mill-pool-wall, to Thomas Arundell, of Tremodart, in the parish of Duloe, esq. for 500 years, from thence next ensuing; that afterwards the said Thomas Arundell built a mill-house, and four grist-mills, and other houses, and also the mill-pool-wall. On November 3, 1648, the said Thomas Arundell made his will; and I believe the mills and mill-pool-wall were built by him before he made his will. Afterwards this term in these premises were assigned over by the Arundells (father and son) and one Drew (perhaps a mortgagee) to Sir Jonathan Trelawny, for the remainder of the said term. I am apprehensive, however, that there was a mill at this place previous to the aforesaid grant.

INCLOSURE OF THE DOWN DESIRABLE.

It is much to be regretted that West Looe Down is not wholly inclosed; the soil is very good, as is apparent from the fine state of the grounds of Polvellan. The Looes being bounded by the sea on one side, and by rivers and woods on the other, arable land is much wanted. The objection raised against this inclosure is, that the poor of West Looe would be deprived of gathering furze and fern for firing. But does not the labour wasted and cloaths worn out in gathering this fuel more than counteract the gain? If an inclosure were to be made, in a year or two the hedges would produce greater quantity and more substantial fuel than can now be obtained. The Down belongs to the Corporation; but various tenants of houses and fields claim a right of putting what is called Breaths (cattle), some more, some less, to depasture on it. To such as are entitled to put breaths on this, common allotments should be made in proportion to the number of breaths they are entitled to; and an allotment to the poor might be made in lieu of their claim (if it is a legal one) to take furze and ferns for firing. The many advantages which would arise to the poor in particular from an inclosure, should be considered. Exclusive of the numerous productions which would follow, labour would be demanded, hedges must be made, manure procured, land ploughed, corn tilled, cut, &c. &c. &c. Milk, potatoes, &c. &c. would be obtained at a much more moderate price than at present; and, no doubt, the poor rate would soon find the beneficial effect of an inclosure. In short, the advantages arising herefrom would be very great; and I sincerely hope the prejudices of the interested will soon be done away, and that the commoners will get an Inclosure Act passed. Formerly the Corporation used to let out certain parts of this Down for tillage. There are several memorandums of such lets in the Town Books. In 1621 that part of West Looe Down which lieth on the west part of the Homer Well, was let to rent, for two crops, at 6s. 8d. per acre.

TRADE.

Formerly a pretty considerable trade was carried on at Looe, and many ships belonging to this port used to go from thence to France, Spain, and up the Straits, &c.

Even so late as the beginning of the last century there were several ships kept here, principally employed in foreign voyages; but, for seventy or eighty years last past, few, if any, have been so employed.

Tallan Church is most romantic in its situation; it contains a curious monument to one of the Bevilles. Polbenro, divided between this parish and Lansallos, affords picturesque scenery superior to any on the southern coast of Cornwall; and the whole road from Fowey to Looe, by Polruan, Lansallas, Polperro, and Talland, will amply compensate the fatigue of climbing hills, and descending into deep vales, by the singular and striking prospects varied at every point.

The manor of Killigarth belonged at an early period to the family of Kilgat, evidently implying some relation between the names.

Kilmenawth, or Kilmenorth, formed a part of the large possessions belonging to Lord Chief Justice Trevilian, who was murdered under some forms of law in the year 1388, the 11th year of Richard the Second. This place was the residence of Admiral Sir Charles Wager.

The hamlet of Lemain or Lammana, which seems to have included a considerable portion of the parish with the island, must have been of importance, since a record exists, which states a division of the monastic property of Glastonbury, between the bishop and his chapter on one part, and the monks on the other, when about the year 1200, Pope Innocent the Third removed the see of Wells to that place.

The words are, “De Prioratibus quoque ad Glastoniensem Ecclesiam pertinentibus, ita ordinatum est. Ut Prioratus de Hibernia ad ordinationem Episcopi, Prioratus vero de Basselake, et de Lamana ad ordinationem conventus pertineant.”

Portlooe appears to have been the principal estate of the hamlet, but no traditions are extant about its antiquity. It belonged about the middle of the last century to Mr. John Hoskins of East Looe, probably by purchase; he left an only daughter, who married first Mr. Edward Buller, a brother of the Judge, This gentleman had been educated in Holland according to the customs of those times, with a view to trade, which however he never pursued, but settled on his wife’s barton of Portlooe, and died there, leaving several children. Mrs. Buller, nevertheless, married secondly Mr. Thomas Escott, an officer in the Cornwall Militia.

The island has probably passed through different hands since the dissolution of Glastonbury Abbey. It recently belonged to the family of Mayow, by whom it was sold for a very trifling consideration, to Sir William Trelawny, afterwards Governor of Jamaica.

Pel-Vellan, (the Mill Pool,) created and named by the late Colonel John Leman, is an exquisite specimen of that gentleman’s taste. The editor remembers it a wild uncultivated uninclosed common, adjacent to the tide Mill. About twenty years after the commencement of decorations, he placed the following inscription where a rill of water formed a small cascade under the shelter of some shrubs, and of three or four trees which had stood on the Down.

Παρα την σκιην Καθισον· καλον το δενδρον, Απαλας σειει δε χαιτας Μαλακωτατῳ κλαδισκῳ· Παρα δ᾿ αυτῳ γ᾿ ερεθιξει Πηγη ρεουσα Πειθους.

Mr. Bond has given a detailed history of Admiral Sir Charles Wager, pages 165 to 173.

The Admiral represented West Looe in Parliament, and resided in the parish, but Mr. Bond has not been able to collect any traces of his birth, either from tradition or from records. There is a monument to his memory in Westminster Abbey, with a long and appropriate inscription.

The barton and manor of Kyllygarth, including a division of Polperro, are within this parish. The great tithes and the advowson belong to the family of Kendall.

Talland measures 2208 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815. The parish 3,178 0 0 West Looe 563 0 0 ―――――――――――――― £3,741 0 0 ―――――――――――――― Poor Rate in 1831.――The parish 570 7 0 West Looe 129 13 0 ―――――――――――――― £700 0 0 ―――――――――――――― Population,―― in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, The parish { 709 | 801 | 839 | 841 West Looe { 376 | 433 | 539 | 593 ―――― ―――― ―――― ―――― 1076 1234 1378 1434 giving an increase on the parish of 10½ per cent., on West Looe 57 per cent., on both together of 26 per cent. in 30 years. Present Vicar, the Rev. N. Kendall, instituted in 1806: he is also the patron. The net income of the vicarage in 1831 was £110. The impropriator of the great tithes is J. Graves, esq.

GEOLOGY, BY DOCTOR BOASE.

The rocks of this parish are similar to those of Lansallos and Lanteglos near Fowey.

[2] The common people believe these celts to be produced by thunder, and thrown down from the clouds; and that they shew what weather will ensue by changing their colour.

TAMARTON.

Tamarton vicarage, alias North Tamarton, is situate in the hundred of Stratton, and hath upon the north, part of Whitson; south, part of Devon and Boyton; east, the Tamar river, from whence it hath its denomination Tamarton, that is to say, the town situate upon the Tamar river; which river on the Devonshire side gives also name to Tamarton Decenna, or hundred there, as also to Tamarton vicarage parish, and Tamarton chapel, situate on the banks of that famous river; as also Stoke Damarell vicarage and parish. For Stoke Tamar-oll parish; that is to say, Stoke chapel or college in Cornish British, in Devon; and for the etymology of the word Tamar, see my Cornish Vocabulary, and Liber I. Chap. III.

This is the ταμαρα ποταμος, the Tamara Potamos, mentioned by Ptolomy the Greek geographer 1500 years past; that is to say Tamar fluvius, flumen, amnis fluentum, the Tamar river, in the province of the Cornavy, for Cornubia, or Danmonij.

In the Domesday Book 1087, this district was then taxed under the name and jurisdiction of Hornacott, i. e. iron cot or house, so called from Hornacott free chapel then extant there, and for aught I hear yet standing. The present church of Tamarton is either of late erection or endowment, since it is not mentioned in either of the inquisitions as to its value of First Fruits, unless it passed as a daughter church to some other, or was wholly impropriated. The parish rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax, for one year 1696, at £48. 16s. 4d. The manor of Tamarton was formerly the lands of Walesbury, by whose heir it passed to Trevillian of Somerset, now in possession thereof, as I am informed.

Upon the bastard King Athelstan’s victory over the Cornish Britons, Anno Dom. 930; and dismembering from that regniculum the district of Devon, and confining their dominion only to the west side of the river Tamar, the Saxon poets triumphed in verse, one of which hath those words of this division.

Hinc Anglos, illic cernit Tamara Britannos, i. e. on this side Tamar beholds the English, on the other the Britons.

Tamarton is in the hundred of Stratton, and has to the west St. Mary Wike, to the north Whitstone, to the east part of Devonshire and the river Tamar, to the south Boyton.

As for the name, it took it from the old Roman Tamara [which however did not stand here, but at Saltash, a long way below. W.]; as that did from the river Tamar, turned into the English termination, to signify a town on the river Tamar.

It is not valued in the King’s Book, but in the Taxatio Benefic. anno 1291, 20 Edward I. this church, by the name of Capella de Tamerton, is valued at 46s. 8d. and was formerly appropriated to ――――.

It is now a rectory, being endowed by the endeavours of the present incumbent Mr. John Bennet; who, and his successors for ever, are to pay a fee-farm rent to the crown of £6. 13s. 4d. out of the sheaf; the patronage being alternately in Henry Rolle of Stephenton, and Richard Coffin of Portledge, both in Devon, esquires. [The sheaf then appears to have belonged to the Crown, and had been set by the Crown, at £6. 13s. 4d. to its lessees the patrons. The chapel was therefore inserted as a mere curacy in the last Valor, but has been now endowed by the lessees giving up their lease to it, and so improving their own patronage. W.]

THE MANOR OF TAMARTON.

This, in the extent of Cornish acres, 12 Edward I. (Carew, fol. 48), is valued in eight. In 3 Henry IV. (id. fol. 40 b.) Halvethas Malivery held half of a knight’s fee here.

Mr. Lysons gives the descents of property in this parish. He says the manor of North Tamarton was given by Roger de Valletort to Richard Earl of Cornwall, and that Roger Earl of Cornwall gave it to Gervase de Harningate. It was afterwards in the Carminows. In 1620 it belonged to Tristram Arscott, esq. and afterwards to the Rolles, of whom it was purchased by the late Sir John Call of Whiteford.

The manor of Hornacot or Horningcote belonged at an early period to a family of that name; in 1620 it was possessed by Sir Charles Howard, in right of his wife, the daughter of Sir John Fitz of Fitzford near Tavistock, and was afterwards in the Courtenays; and finally passed from them by purchase to the late Mr. George Browne of Bodmin.

Ogbere, called by Norden Ugbere, was in his time the seat of William Lovice, and had been the residence of Leonard Lovice, probably the father or grandfather of William, and is stated, by a monumental inscription still extant in the church, to have been Receiver-general of the Duchy Revenues for Queen Elizabeth.

Vacye, in remote times the seat of a family bearing the same name, is now the residence of George Call, esq. younger son of the late Sir John Call.

This parish contains besides the church town three small villages called Alvacot, Headon, and Venton.

Tamarton measures 4788 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 2,115 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 330 13 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 403 | 420 | 479 | 517 giving an increase of 28 per cent. in 30 years. Present incumbent, the Rev. C. P. Coffin, instituted in 1813.

THE GEOLOGY, BY DR. BOASE.

The geological structure of this parish is the same as that of Boyton.

ST. TEATH.

St. Teath is situate in the hundred of Trigg, and hath upon the north Dundagell, south-east Michaelstow and Lantegles, west the Irish Sea, or Trevelga, south-west St. Kewe and St. Udye.

As for the name, if St. Eata, alias St. Eatah, be the tutelar guardian of this church, note that he was a Briton of Wales by birth, and Bishop of Lindisfarne, predecessor of St. Cuthbert 678, who was translated from thence to the diocese of Hexham, by the Latins called Axelodunum; by Bede, Hagulstadiensis, and by us Hexhamshire, in Yorkshire or Northumberland. He was succeeded by ten other Bishops, who enjoyed his chair, till by reason of the Danish depredations it was annexed to York, and made the see of the Archbishopric, and had the reputation of a county palatine; but discontinued by the statute of 37th Henry VIII. chap. 16, and annexed to the county of Northumberland. In this see St. Etha sat six years after his translation to Hexhamshire, as Bede saith, but two as others; and was buried in his Cathedral Church there.

In the Domesday Book 1087, this district was taxed under the jurisdiction of Dundagell. At the time of the inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester into the value of Cornish Benefices 1294, this Church was not endowed, if extant. The parish is rated to the 4s. per pound Land Tax, 1696, £156. 8s.

Bodanan, in this parish, was the lands of that old British family of gentlemen surnamed de Cheiney, so called from Cheynoy in St. Endellyan; of which place, name, and family was John de Cheyney, Sheriff of Cornwall, the 5th and 6th of Edward I. 1280. Ralph de Cheyney, his son or grandson, had £20 lands and upwards in Cornwall, held by the tenure of knight’s service 24th of Edward III. Survey of Cornwall, p. 51. Robert de Cheyney, probably his son, held also by the tenure of knight’s service in this place, the fourth part of a knight’s fee of land 3 Henry IV. idem liber, p. 42; whose son William Cheyney, Esq. married the daughter and heir of [Stretch] in Devon, lord of Pinhoe, and made it the place of his residence, and accordingly was made Sheriff of Devon 11 Henry IV. 1410; John Cheyney, his son, was Sheriff of Devon 22 Henry VI. 1444; John Cheyney, his son, was Sheriff of Devon 1 Edward IV. 1480; John Cheyney, his son, was Sheriff of Devon 12 Edward IV. 1472.

In this Church are to be seen the gravestones of some of those gentlemen interred here, and in the same, and the glass window of this Church, the arms of those gentlemen, viz. in a field Gules, on a fess of four lozenges Argent, as many escallops Sable; in memory, as tradition saith, that one of their ancestors, going into the Holy Land and War with King Richard or King Edward I. carried such shells with him for taking water to drink in the hotter clime of Asia.

Sir John Cheyney of this family was chosen Speaker of the Parliament 6 Henry IV. called indoctum Parliamentum, or Parliamentum indoctorum; so called, for that in the writ of summons there was a clause no lawyer should be chosen therein. Sir John Cheyney was also Speaker of the House of Commons 1 Henry IV. and styled not only Parlour, but Procurator, de les Commons. Hakewell’s Catalogue of the Speakers, p. 202.

St. Teath is in the hundred of Trig, is bounded to the west by Endellian and St. Kew, to the north by the sea and Tintagell, to the east by Lanteglos and Michaelstow, to the south by St. Tudy.

I take St. Tathius to be the tutelar saint of this parish, of whom Mr. Camden saith, (Brit. in Monmouthshire,) that he was a British saint, who governed an academy at Caer Went, and also founded a church there in the reign of King Kradock ap Ynir, circa an. Dom ――――.

This is a vicarage, valued in the King’s Book £12.; the patronage in the Bishop of Exeter; the impropriation of the sheaf in the heirs of the late Matthew Beale, Esq.; the incumbent ――――.

In the Taxatio Benef. an. 1291, 19 or 20 Edward I. is this note, Thechd, which, if meant for St. Teath, then it is valued, “Prebend’ Mag’ri Osberti iiijl. xs.; Prebend’ Mag’ri W. de Wymondesham iiijl. xs.; Vicar’ ejusdem xxs.”

Mr. Lysons gives in this parish, as in every other, the descents and sales of lands.

The manor of Tregordock, formerly in the Mohuns, passed in the general purchase to Mr. Pitt.

Mr. Agar, the Molesworth family, and Mr. Sandys of St. Minver, have lands in this parish; and Mr. Trevanion, of Carhayes, possesses in this parish either the whole or a part of Drillavale or Dinnavale quarry, producing the finest and most durable roofing slate of all that district; and said by Bishop Watson, in his Chemistry, to be the very best in England.

Treveares was for a long time the residence of a family which began to rise about a century ago into considerable opulence. Mr. Phillipps, of this place, settled as an attorney in Camelford; and availing himself of the valuable privileges possessed by that place, acquired a fortune. He had three sons. The eldest son, Charles Phillipps, married one of the coheiresses of the Longs of Penhele, and, not having any family, transmitted her ample fortune to his brother; he represented Camelford in Parliament, and was Lieutenant-Colonel of the Cornwall Militia. The second son, Jonathan Phillipps, originally a surgeon in the navy, married the coheiress of the Amys of Botreaux Castle, and through them of the Cottons, and also of the Gilberts of Tacbear; this gentleman had several children, but survived them all. He was knighted on the celebrated occasion of Margaret Nicholson.

The third brother, William Phillipps, a clergyman, never married.

They had one sister, who married Mr. Carpenter, of Tavistock; and her descendants are possessed of nearly the whole of the Phillipps property.

This farm, however, was demised by Mr. William Phillipps to his relation Mr. William Dinham.

It would be improper not to mention, that Captain William Bligh was a native of this parish, who commanded the Bounty in the unfortunate expedition to procure plants of the Bread-fruit tree (Artocarpus) from the South Sea Islands in the years 1789 and 1790; but which object he effected in a second voyage, and afterwards received the appointment of Governor of New Holland.

There does not appear to be any remains of the College or habitation appropriated to the Canons, who from receiving certain shares of the tithe for their maintenance, were sometimes called Portionists. The Church is conjectured to have been built in the reign of Henry the Seventh, from the circumstances of his arms appearing there in a manner to denote them coeval with the fabric.

There are several monuments, and among them one to Mr. William Phillipps, probably father of the gentleman who removed to Camelford as an attorney, and grandfather to the three brothers mentioned above. He is stated to have been of Treveans, and to have died on the 12th of April 1712, in the 62d year of his age. The turnpike road leading from St. Columb by Wade Bridge and Camelford to Launceston, nearly surrounds this Church. It was for some years the great line of communication to the west of Cornwall, till in 1767 a commencement was made on a more direct line over Tregoss Moors on one side of Bodmin, and Temple Moors on the other. This road so entirely superseded the former as to cause an entire loss of capital to those who contributed towards making it; and the road itself fell back into a state of repair inferior to that of most parish roads. It has, however, recently been taken up as a new concern, and in 1835 a stage coach has been established on it.

The Editor has heard from the Rev. William Phillipps, who died in 1794, that the making of this road was taken up as a matter of patriotism; and that to assist the undertaking, he cut with his own hands the figures on the granite mile stones, which still remain.

The entry of this parish, in the Taxation of Pope Nicholas, is thus:

“Sech (and in a note, Eccƚia S[~c]e Thete) taxat’ ut sequitur. £. s. d. Prebend’ Mag’ri Osbt^i 4 10 0 Prebend’ Mag’ri W. de Wymondeston 4 10 0 Vicar’ ejusdem 1 0 0”

St. Teath measures 4,721 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 5,041 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 800 2 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 911 | 857 | 990 | 1280 giving an increase of 40½ per cent. in 30 years. It is not improbable but that the 8 printed in the place of hundred, under the return of 1811, should have been a 9. Present Vicar, the Rev. Joseph Fayrer, collated by the Bishop of Exeter in 1830.

This parish is situated on rocks belonging to the calcareous series. On the eastern boundary, however, near the church, the slate is nearly connected with the porphyritic series; here at Treburget is a lead mine in a blue pyrituous slate; the lodes run north-east and south-west, varying from two feet to five feet in thickness. The matrix of the ores consists of angular pieces of slate like fragments cemented by quartz, in which galena, blend, iron pyrites, and spathous iron occur.

Proceeding northward, this lamillar blue slate is succeeded by a shining talcose slate; and at Rediver Mills on the road to Port Isaac, a hard compact rock is quarried for the roads, which contains veins of magnesian minerals; this rock occurs on the side of a steep round-backed hill; and those circumstances, combined with the talcose slate, render it probable that magnesian rocks may exist in the neighbourhood. These rocks are succeeded by slate traversed by veins of antimony, similar to what occurs in Endellion.

TEMPLE.

Temple is situate in the hundred of Trigg, and hath upon the north Brewar, south part of Cardenham and Warliggan, west Blisland, east part of St. Neot and Altarnun. As for the name, it is derived from the Latin Templum, and signifies amongst Christians, a church, chapel, or temple for performing Divine Service or worship to God, by contemplation or action of body or mind.

But here, in a more especial manner so called for, that this church or chapel was a cell or temple pertaining to the great master of the Knights Templars of Jerusalem, under its superior in the Middle Temple of London, now the lawyers’ Inn, where was their chief manor or commandery. This religious fraternity took an oath of confederacy, for aiding and assisting all persons, pilgrims, and strangers, that intended by way of Joppa to visit Jerusalem and the sepulchre of our Saviour; who, for that by licence of the abbot of a church there called the Temple, in which they had their seats (as is now used in our churches), they were from thence called Templars.

This district now in Cornwall, consisting only of eight tenements of land, and about thirty human souls, in the Domesday Book 1087, was taxed under the jurisdiction of Nietstone, still contiguous therewith. In the inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester into the value of Cornish Benefices 1294, Capella de Templo was rated to First Fruits at 10s. In Wolsey’s Inquisition it is not named. After the dissolution of the Knights Hospitallers in England (to whom the lands of the Knights Templars had been given) this manor of Temple fell to the Crown.

Temple. This little parish is in the hundred of Trigg, and has to the west Blissland, to the south Cardenham and Warlegon, to the east and north Brewer, alias Symonward.

It is so called, because it belonged formerly to the Knights Templars; and lying in a wild wastrell, exempted from the Bishop’s jurisdiction, many a bad marriage-bargain is there yearly slubbered up [now precluded by the Marriage Act, which is bad in many points, but good in this]; and grass widows with their fatlings put to lie in and nurse here. [This practice still continues, and has given rise to a mode of expression, which sends off unmarried but pregnant women to lie in privately, by despatching them to the Moors, meaning that long range of wilderness which is called Temple Moors. W.]

It is not valued in the King’s Book. In Tax. Ben. anno 1291, 20 Edward I. it is by the name of Capella de Temple, 10s.

This church was certainly founded by the Knights Templars, in compliance with a custom very prevalent among the military monastic orders, of establishing Preceptories in desert and uncultivated places, with the view of introducing inhabitants, or of civilizing the few that might be scattered over a wilderness. The benevolent intentions of these gallant knights failed however in this particular instance: the parish, which, judging from the analogy of similar cases, must have been large, perhaps co-extensive with the Moors to which it imparted a name, has shrunk into one of the least in Cornwall. Its church has disappeared. The churchyard is not distinguishable from any other inclosure; and the few parishioners resort to neighbouring churches for divine service, for marriages, or for the administration of the sacraments.

Cultivation is, however, introducing itself by means of the potatoe, a vegetable destined to produce most gigantic effects on the condition of mankind; greater perhaps than any other cause arising from the discovery of a new world.

This little settlement was probably attached to the manor of Trebigh in St. Ive’s, where the Knights Hospitallers had a preceptory. Certain it is that the two properties have since travelled together, and are now jointly reposing with the Devonshire family of Wrey. The Rev. B. W. Wrey was instituted to the benefice in 1789.

Temple measures 936 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 156 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 7 16 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 15 | 18 | 27 | 29 about doubled in 30 years.

THE GEOLOGY BY DOCTOR BOASE.

This little parish rests entirely on granite, which is of the same nature as that of Blisland, Cardinham, and the adjacent parishes.

ST. THOMAS.

St. Thomas is situate in the hundred of East, and hath upon the north St. Stephen’s, east Launceston, south South Pedyrwin, west Egloskerry and Trewinn. For the name, it is derived from the tutelar guardian and patron of this church, St. Thomas the Apostle and Martyr (though as some say St. Thomas à Becket). In the Domesday Book 1087, this parish was taxed under the jurisdiction of Lansen, now Launceston. In the inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester 1294, into the value of Cornish Benefices, Capella Sancti Thomæ in decanatu de Trigmajorshire, was then rated at 30s. In Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, it is not named, having long before been wholly impropriated to the abbat or prior of St. Stephen’s, who endowed it.

St. Thomas is bounded to the south by Launceston and South Pederwyn, to the west by Trewinn and Egloskerry, to the north by St. Stephen, to the east by Launceston.

This little parish is something in the form of an obtuse pile, being very narrow and wedged in to the east, where the church stands, in the very extreme part, between Launceston and St. Stephen’s, but stretches itself out in length and breadth to the west.

Part of it, which is called St. Thomas’s Street, is within the borough of Launceston, and comes home to Launceston North Gate, but is divided from Newport and St. Stephen’s by the little river Kensey, which runs by the wall of the churchyard.

Mr. Lysons treats of Launceston, St. Stephen’s, and St. Thomas together. There is very little remarkable about this parish. The church, which is very small, and provided with a tower scarcely more lofty than the roof, stands close by the water; but it occupies the spot where the stately Priory described under Launceston heretofore extended its hospitality to travellers, and bestowed well intended, although mistaken charity, to all the neighbourhood. Nothing more remains of the Priory than the foundation of walls and an arched well of excellent water. The church has some monuments.

This parish measures 1750 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815. The parish and street 2072 0 0 ―――――――――――― Poor Rate in 1831. The parish 195 19 0 The street 143 9 0 ―――――――――――― 339 0 0 Population,――in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, The parish, { 173 | 241 | 307 | 248 The street, { 182 | 218 | 301 | 378 ―――― ―――― ―――― ―――― 355 459 608 626 giving an increase on the parish of 43 per cent.; on the street of 107 per cent. on both together, of 76 per cent. in 30 years. Present Minister, the Rev. C. Lethbridge, elected by the inhabitants in 1791.

This parish is composed of rocks belonging to the calcareous series, and similar to those of Launceston, and of the adjacent part of South Petherwin.

TINTAGEL.

This parish will be found under the name of Dundagell in the first volume.

TOWEDNACK.

Towednack is situate in the hundred of Penwith, and hath upon the north the Irish Sea, east St. Ive’s and Lelant, south Ludgvan, west Zennor.

In the Domesday Book this district was taxed under the jurisdiction of Amall, now Amall Veor or Trenwith. In the inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester 1294, into the value of Cornish Benefices, Ecclesia de Tywidnick, in decanatu de Penwith, is rated at cxiiis. iiiid. vicar’ ibidem, xxvis. viiid. In Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, it goes in value, consolidation, and presentation, with Lelant and St. Ive’s, £22. 11s. 10½d. The patronage in the Bishops of Exeter, who endowed it; the incumbent ―――― Hawkins; the rectory in Pitz; and the parish rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax, for one year, 1696, £51. 3s. 2d.

In this parish are two notable camps, castles, or intrenchments of our ancestors the Britons, wherein they fortified themselves against their enemies in former ages, the ruins and downfalls of which are yet to be seen, the one called Castle-an-Dunes,[3] or Denis (See St. Colomb.); the other Tre-crag-an, the ragged rock town, situate upon Tre-crag-an hill or mountain, as I take it.

Towednack lies in the hundred of Penwith, and has to the west Zennor, to the north the sea, to the east St. Ive’s and Lelant, to the south Ludgvan.

I take the name of the parish to signify no other than St. Wednock or Wynnock; for Ta and Da are synonymous terms for good. [It is perhaps only Ti Widnak (C.) the Whitish House. W.] It is a daughter church or chapel of ease to Lelant, and goes in the same presentation.

There can scarcely be a doubt of this parish, Landewednack, and some chapels, being dedicated to one of the Missionaries from Ireland.

Towednack, like most of the districts situated on granite, exhibits a strange and almost unaccountable mixture of cultivated and of unreclaimed soils. On one side of a fence may be seen land producing abundance of grass and excellent for daisies, or bearing ample crops of barley, and of clover hay and on the other side, an inclosed waste, named throughout Cornwall a croft, producing nothing better than the species or variety of furze, Ulex Nanus, and some of the most coarse grasses.

This parish has been productive of much tin near the surface; but a wide stripe of granite nearly resembling that of St. Stephen’s in Brannel, extends from the parish of Zennor through Towednack, and thence into Ludgvan, including Castle-an-Dinas, which Mr. Hals by mistake places in this parish. Its course is distinctly marked by the absence of all bolder rocks from the surface, and in some places it has been wrought for china clay, found quite equal in quality to that near St. Austell, but occurring in layers of but little breadth, and therefore expensive to pursue. This soft granite, called by the miners whetstone, permits the lodes to continue their courses through it from the hard and crystallized granite, but the tin in a great measure disappears at a trifling depth.

There is little connected with Towednack of any curiosity, that does not refer to the Editor and his family.

I am possessed of a manor still extending into five parishes, of which the vokeland, to use Mr. Hals’s term, was Amellibrea in this parish. It has descended to me from the Noyes, and particularly from my direct ancestor William Noye, the Attorney-General. I have the Court Rolls in complete succession for nearly three centuries. On these Rolls the names of Godolphin, Grylls, Mahun, Praed, St. Aubyn, Veal, occur with others as free tenants, and a great number of persons held by copy of Court Roll.

At Amellibrea are the remains of an extensive foundation said by tradition to have formerly supported a prison.

But the free tenants have been lost, and the copyholds converted into leases for life, as indeed has been the case generally over Cornwall, with the exception of ecclesiastical property; the copyholds not being renewable on the payment of a fine not exceeding two years’ value, as is the custom over most parts of England, but dependent wholly on the pleasure of the lord. The tenures were therefore in themselves much the same; and as I remember to have heard, the tenants preferred chattle property, as they termed it, to copyhold, in consequence probably of the uniform rules of succession and the facility of disposing by will.

The last copyhold that appears on the Rolls was in the very beginning of the last century.

The particulars of holding a Court in those days, with the Steward’s charge, happen to be preserved on the Roll for 1688, and seem to me sufficiently curious to warrant their insertion.

At a Court of William Davies, esq. Lord of the United Manors of Amyll and Tillie, holden on Friday the 27th day of April, 1688.

The Homage.

Sampson Veale, esq. Foreman. Robert Michell, James Trewhelow, John Curnow, Francis Quick, John Quick, John Williams, Oller Vaynfleet, John Baragwanath, John Trewhella, Anthony Quick, Christopher Trewhella, John Gilbart, George Beriman, James Quick.

The Oath.

You shall swear that you, as Foreman of this Homage, with the rest, shall duly inquire, and true presentment make of all such copyholds and things as shall be given you in charge; wherein you shall spare no man, from love, favour, or affection; nor present any man for malice, hatred, or envy; but according as things are presentable, shall or may come to your knowledge, by information or otherwise, so shall you make thereof true presentment without concealment,

So help you God, and the contents of this book.

The Charge.

Sirs――You that be sworn!

You know the customs of this court, and what you ought to present, which is grounded all on these three things, that is to say, upon truth, judgment, and justice, for this comprehends all you have to do.

It standeth upon truth, for that you ought to present nothing but the truth, and likewise not to omit any thing that is true and presentable being here unpresented.

It standeth upon judgment, that you do not present any thing rashly, or unadvisedly; but certainly to know the truth thereof before you do present it.

And it standeth upon justice that you do not for favour, affection, corruption of money, or other reward, for fear of any man’s displeasure, or for any private gain or profit, leave any thing unpresented that is here presentable; neither for malice present any thing contrary to truth.

These three principal things you ought duly to consider of; and so hoping that you will have a special care thereof according to your oaths and duties, and the trust that is reposed in you, I will cease to trouble you any further about them.

First, you shall inquire whether all such persons as owe suit and service to this court be here to do the same; and all that make default you must present.

Also you shall inquire if any tenants be dead since the last court, or before, and his death not yet presented; and you shall inquire what lands he held of these manors, and what is due to the Lord on his death;[4] and also if any copyholder has leased his copyhold for any longer term than a year and a day, without the Lord’s license, it is a forfeiture of his copyhold. And also if any copyholder deny to pay his rent, or deny to come to his Lord’s Court, or deny to be sworn of the homage, it is a forfeiture of his copyhold.

And also you are to present all alienations that you may know among the tenants, who they are, and for what.

You are also to present all such as remove any bounds bounding the lands of these manors and the lands of any other Lord, or between tenant and tenant, or elsewhere in those manors.

You are likewise to present any one that has taken any goods out of the pound wilfully by force, or any pound-breaker by the way, as they are driven to pound.

You are likewise to present any man that hath fished or fowled in these manors, or hawked or hunted.

And also you are to present any that doth refuse or neglect to grind at the mill of those manors; and if you are not well served, you that are ill dealt with by the miller, he is lyable to be prosecuted, and make satisfaction.

You are to present all tin broken in these manors that hath not paid farme nor toll.

You shall swear by the contents of that Book; that you will be true and faithful to the Lord of those manors, and shall from henceforth bear, do, and pay to your said Lord, and to his heirs, at times assigned, all such rents, customs, and services as you ought to pay, and for all such lands and tenements as you claim to hold of him; So help you God.

As the Steward’s name in not appended, I am unable to say who was the author of this perspicuous, eloquent, and argumentative address. It is probably in a great measure conformable to the approved model of that day.

Having omitted to insert in its proper place a Petition from my great-grandmother to King Charles the Second, I shall give it here, as being in some degree connected with the property.

To the King’s Most Excellent Majesty.

The humble petition of Hester Noye, widow of Humphrey Noye, esquire, son and heir of the Attorney-General Noye, and eldest sister and coheir of Edwyn Lord Sandys, deceased,

Humbly sheweth,

That King Henry the VIII. in the 14th year of his reign, created your Petitioner’s great-grandfather William Sandys a Peer of this Realm, by the style of William Lord Sandys, Baron of the Vine, who granted a Patent of the said honor to him and his heirs, which hath been ever since enjoyed by his descendants both male and female accordingly; and last of all by the said Edwyn Lord Sandys, who is lately deceased, leaving your said Petitioner and five other sisters his coheirs.

That your Petitioner’s father served your late Royal Father of glorious memory in the late unhappy wars, and raised a Regiment of Foot, and another of Horse for that service, and was himself slain therein.[5]

That your Petitioner’s late husband was likewise active in his late Majesty’s service, being a Colonel in the Army, and suffered very much for his loyalty in the late rebellious times, by whom your Petitioner had issue William Noye, esq. his son and heir, who is still living.

Now forasmuch as your Petitioner is advised that upon the death of the said Edwyn Lord Sandys, it is in your Majesty’s power to dispose of the said honor to which of the said sisters and coheirs your Majesty pleases,

Your Petitioner therefore humbly prays, that your Majesty would be graciously pleased to permit your Petitioner and her heirs to enjoy the said honour and title.

And your Petitioner shall ever pray.

It is almost unnecessary for me to add that this Petition did not prove successful.

Towednack is now included with Lelant in the borough of St. Ive’s, sending one member to Parliament.

The great tithes belong to Mr. Praed of Trevethow, who, together with the heirs of the late Duke of Bolton, possess the remainder of the parish.

The parish feast is kept on the nearest Sunday to April 28.

This parish measures 2,569 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 1483 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 153 8 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 465 | 532 | 582 | 736 giving an increase of 58 per cent. in 30 years.

The extreme northern part of this parish is formed of a narrow slip which runs out considerably beyond the regular boundaries, and terminates on the sea shore; about half of the protuberance is composed of felspathic rocks, belonging to the porphyritic series, and all the rest of the parish is situated on granite.

[3] This is in Ludgvan.

[4] An Inquisitio post mortem.

[5] April the 6th, 1644.

TREMAINE, OR TREMEAN.

Tremaine or Tremean is situate in the hundred of East, and hath upon the north St. Mary Wike and Jacobstow, east North Pederwyn, south Tresmere, west Treneglos. As for those names, they are of one signification, viz. the town of stone, or stone town, a place, it seems, notable for those inanimate creatures. This church was endowed by the Abbat or Prior of St. Stephen’s by Launceston, to which abbey it was wholly impropriated; the patronage was in ――――: the incumbent ――――; the rectory in ――――; and the parish rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax 1696, for one year £42. 5s. 0d. I take it this church is now a chapel of ease to Egloskerry, altogether wholly impropriated as aforesaid.

Tremaine or Tremean is in the hundred of East, and is bounded to the west by Warbstow and Treneglos, to the north and east by part of Devonshire, to the south by Tresmere.

The name in Cornish signifies a dwelling of stone, or the stony town. [Tre-maen, stone-house.]

It is a daughter church to Egloskerry. The great and small tithes are wholly impropriated; and only £5 per annum allowed to the service of the cure out of the sheaf, taxes included, which taxes ought to be paid by the impropriators of the said sheaf.

Mr. Lysons says that the manor of Tremayne belonged to the family of Treise, whose heiress brought it to that of Morshead; it has passed by sale to Mr. John Jolliffe, the present proprietor; but the greater part of the parish is within the manor of Penhele in Egloskerry.

The church of Tremaine, now a daughter church to Egloskerry, was consecrated in 1481, by the name of the chapel of Winwolaus of Tremene, with a cemetery adjoining, since which time it has probably been esteemed a separate parish.

The benefice, as a daughter church to Egloskerry, is in the gift of the Crown. G. W. Owen, esq. is impropriator of the great tithes, which belonged formerly to the priory of Launceston.

Saint Winwaloe, whose festival is kept on the third of March, has been noticed in vol. ii. p. 127.

Tremaine measures 806 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 467 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 43 0 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 91 | 122 | 125 | 118 giving an increase of 28 per cent. in 30 years.

The rocks of this parish are the same as those of Boyton and Otterham.

TRENEGLOS.

Treneglos is situate in the hundred of Lesnewith, and hath upon the north Warstow, south and east Tresmere and St. Cleather, west Davidstow. For the name, it refers to the church, and signifies a stout, strong, robust or firm church. Under what name it was rated in the Domesday Book I know not. In the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester aforesaid, ecclesia de Treneglos was valued at £7. vicar’ ibidem 20s. In Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, it was rated, together with Warstow, as to First Fruits, £9. 19s. 6d.; the patronage in the Duke of Cornwall I take it; the incumbent Wood; the rectory in ――――; and the parish rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax 1696, together with Warbstow, as I remember, £87. 16s. which church is consolidated into Treneglos, and goes in presentation with it.

Treneglos is in the hundred of Lesnewith, hath to the west Davidstow, to the north Warbstow, to the east Tremaine, to the south St. Cleather.

The meaning of this name is no other than the church town, the common appellation which we give to all dwellings round or near the church.

In 1291, 20 Edward I. the rectory here was valued (Tax. Ben.) at £7. being appropriated to the priory of Tywardreath, and the vicar at 20s.

It is a vicarage not valued in the King’s Book; the patronage in the Crown; the incumbent Mr. Charles Porter.

There cannot be a doubt as to Mr. Tonkin’s being the real etymology of this name.

Mr. Lysons says, the greater part of the manor of Downeckney, anciently Donnegny, which formerly belonged to the Dinhams and Cardinhams, by descent from Richard, Steward of the household to William the Conqueror at the time of the Domesday Survey, is now vested in fee in William Braddon, esq. of Treglith in this parish, who is lessee of the remainder; that remainder belonging in equal shares to the Trefusis family from the Rolles and Walpoles; and to the representatives of the Gilberts of Tacbear through Cotton and Amy. Mr. Braddon inherited this property from his father-in-law John Spettigue, esq. who had purchased it from the family of Symons, who resided at Treglith.

The church of Treneglos was given by the above-named Richard, so early as the time of the Conqueror, to the priory of Tywardreth. The great tithes, with the exception of some endowed on the vicarage, belong to the Eliot family of St. German’s.

The vicarage is in the gift of the Crown.

Treneglos measures 2362 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 1363 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 129 7 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 196 | 200 | 238 | 183

It is clear from the above figures, that there must have been some mistake, since such fluctuations never take place in parishes entirely agricultural.

The present Vicar of Treneglos, with Warbstow, is the Rev. J. H. Mason, presented in 1804 by the Prince of Wales.

This parish lies on rocks of the calcareous series, except that its southern extremity reaches the Downs, where the rocks become felspathic, as has been noticed under the heads of Laneast, Egloskerry, and St. Stephen’s.

TRESMERE.

Tresmere, alias Tresmoore vicarage, is situate in the hundred of East, and hath upon the north Tremayne, east Egloskerry, south Lanest, west St. Cleather. Under what name or jurisdiction it was taxed in the Domesday Book I know not. In the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester 1294, Capella de Tresmoore was valued xxvis. viiid. which Church I apprehend was partly endowed by the Prior or Abbat of Tywardreth, and the other part by the Prior of St. Stephen’s, for in that Inquisition I read Prior Tywardrayth percepit de garba de Tresmoore 11s. afterwards wholly impropriated to the Prior of St. Stephen’s, who doubtless purchased in that title. The parish rated to the 4s. per pound Land Tax for one year 1696, £42. 12s.

Tresmere, in the hundred of East, hath to the west Treneglos, to the north Tremaine, to the east part of Devonshire, to the south Egloskerry.

This signifies the same with Tre Mere, the great town or dwelling. [N. B. This name, and that of Tren-eglos, are very remarkable in thus containing a supplemental letter. W.]

This Church, by the name of Capella de Tresmore, an. 1291, 20 Edw. I. is valued (Tax. Ben.) at xxvis. viiid. being then appropriated to the Priory at Tywardreath.

It is wholly impropriated, the great and small tithes belonging to Sir John Molesworth and Francis Manaton, Esq. who ought to pay out of it for serving the cure £6 per annum, lately detained by both, the Curate not being able or willing to recover it at law. The Prior of Tywardreth did receive out of the sheaf of Tresmore ijs.

Mr. Lysons says, that this parish is an appendage to the manor of Werrington. This would indicate its being impropriated by the Abbey of Tavistock, as Werrington was the chief seat of the Lord Abbat; but Tresmere is not noticed in the Valor Ecclesiasticus of that Abbey; but in the Valor Ecelesiasticus of Launceston Priory there occurs this trifling entry:

£. s. d. Tresmare――Pensio 0 1 8

The tithes of this parish are completely in lay hands. When tithes were first bestowed on monasteries, the duties of the Church to which they appertained, were performed by members of the Convent, who occasionally travelled there, and succeeded each other; the “book-bosomed priests” of the Last Minstrel. In times more remote, secular clergy went on circuits from the Cathedral or seat of the Bishop and his priests; till the inconvenience of this itinerant system became strongly felt, and decrees were made in several General Councils of the Latin Church, enacting that each benefice should have a permanently resident priest, and that a competent provision should be made for his support. This was usually done by assigning to the deputy, the Vicarius or Vicar, all the tithes except those of corn, although others were occasionally retained; but in various instances, instead of tithes, an allowance was made in money, equivalent perhaps at the time, but long since reduced to nominal payments, by the gradual depreciation in the value of gold and silver from natural causes, and by the fraudulent reduction of the standards practised in various degrees by all governments, or lastly, by the non-convertible paper currencies.

The very great difference in the circumstances of those deputies, arising from the nature of their endowments rather than any legal distinction in the offices, has affixed to one the name of Vicar, and to the other that of Perpetual Curate.

It appeared from Mr. Tonkin’s narrative, that the stipend in this parish amounted to six pounds a year, and that it had been withholden by superior force; without doubt, the liberality of modern times has long since caused it to be restored and increased.

Mr. Lysons states, that the impropriation has passed through the families of Molesworth and Manaton, and that it is now vested in Edward Coade, Esq. and that this great piece of preferment is in the Crown.

Tresmere measures 982 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 588 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 50 12 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 129 | 154 | 173 | 171 giving an increase of 32½ per cent. in 30 years. Perpetual Curate, the Rev. W. A. Morgan, presented by the Lord Chancellor in 1821.

The geology of this parish is in every respect the same as that of Trenegloss.

TREVALGA.

Trevalga Rectory is situate in the hundred of Lesnewith, and hath upon the north the Irish Sea and Ferabery, east Minster, south and west Dundagell and St. Teth.

In the Domesday Book 1087, it was taxed by the name of Trevaga or Trevalga. In the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester 1294, Ecclesia de Trevalga, in decanatu de Minor Trigshire, was rated xxxxs. In Wolsey’s Inquisition £7. 6s. 8d. which probably was a free Chapel, erected before the Norman Conquest; since it hath not then or now admitted of any alteration of its name, though I judge from that Inquisition, that it was after the Conquest partly endowed by the Canons of the Cathedral Church of Exeter; since therein I read, Canonicus Exon. percepit de Ecclesia Trevalga vs. The parish was rated to the 4s. per pound Land Tax for one year, 1696, £59. 4s. 8d.

Trevalga, in the hundred of Lesnewith, is bounded to the west by Tintagel, as it is to the north by the sea, to the east by Feraberry.

In an. 1291, 20 Edw. I. this Church is valued (Tax. Benef.) at xls. and the Canons of Exeter did receive out of it vs.

This Church is a Rectory, valued in the King’s Books £7. 6s.; and the patronage in the Dean and Chapter of Exeter; the incumbent ――――.

THE MANOR OF TREVALGA.

In Domesday Book this is mentioned as one of those given by William the Conqueror to Robert Earl of Morton, when he made him Earl of Cornwall. In the extent of Cornish acres 12 Edw. I. it is valued in eighteen.

[This manor, which has given name to the parish, has drawn its own from Trev Alga, the noble house; Alga (I.) signifying noble, as in Inis Alga, an old name for Ireland; and this affords one instance more of the necessity of recurring to the kindred dialects of the British in explaining Cornish names. W.]

This parish is situated in the most wild and apparently most desolate part of Cornwall, although the soil is not unproductive. The Church stands near to the cliff of this iron-bound coast.

Mr. Lysons states, that the manor giving name to this parish, belonged in the reign of King James the First to James Welsh, Esq. from it has descended through the family of Bolitho to that of Stephens, and that it now belongs to Mr. Richard Stephens, of Culverhouse, near Exeter.

The Dean and Chapter of Exeter are patrons of the Rectory. The present Rector is the Rev. J. T. Symons, instituted 1831.

Trevalga measures 1094 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 1,024 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 89 5 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 100 | 112 | 133 | 192 giving an increase of 92 per cent. in 30 years.

The rocks of this parish are similar to those of the adjacent parishes of Minster and Ferabury.

TREWEN.

Trewen or Trewenn vicarage is situate in the hundred of East, and hath upon the north and east Egloskerry and South Pederwin, south Lawanack, west Altarnun. As for the modern names, it signifies a white town or dwelling. The same, I suppose, in the Domesday Book 1087, taxed by the name of Trewin, i. e. the beloved town. The value of this Church’s revenues is not mentioned in any Inquisition, the same being wholly impropriated by the Abbat or Prior of St. Stephen’s, who endowed it, and was Patron thereof till the dissolution of the Abbey of St. Stephen’s aforesaid, 26 Henry VIII. when it fell to the Crown; and the parish rated to the 4s. per pound Land Tax for one year, 1696, £46. 8s. 8d.

In this parish, September 29th, is held yearly a public fair or mart for goods and cattle.

In this parish is Polyfunt or Polyvant, synonymous words, i. e. the top spring or fountain of water, so called from some spring of water that rises in some high lands of that tenement, in which place the Prior of Minster in Kerryer, by the tenure of knight service, held one little knight’s fee of lands of Morton, 3 Henry IV. Survey of Cornwall, p. 41. It is now, as I am informed, the lands of ―――― Hicks, Gent.

Trewen, in the hundred of East, hath to the west Altarnun, to the north Laneast, to the east Egloskerry, to the south Pederwin; as for the name, the plain meaning of it is, the White Town, but from whence so denominated I must plead ignorance.

[Tre Wen (C.) is the white or fair house, the manor house of the district, so called from its elegance, and then lending its name to the district and parish. W.]

This parish is supposed to have belonged to the Priory of St. German’s as an appendix to South Petherwin, to which it is now united.

Trewen is not noticed by name in the Valor Ecclesiasticus of the 26th Henry VIII.; but South Petherwin, probably with the daughter parish included, is there stated to have paid to St. German’s annually,

£. s. d. Decim. Garb 15 13 4 ―――― Feni 0 13 4

The great tithes belong to the University of Oxford, as does the presentation to the vicarage through the Mother Church.

This parish measures 868 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 796 0 0 Poor Rates in 1831 134 11 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 193 | 190 | 206 | 213 giving an increase of 10 per cent. in 30 years.

This parish is situated on rocks of the calcareous series, which are for the most part like those of Laneast; but where Trewen joins Alternun, bounded only by the small river Inney, some strata occur which deserve more particular notice. It has already been stated, that on the opposite side of this stream, a potstone or ollareous serpentine occurs; on the Trewen side a talcose schist first appears, which is followed by a calcareous schist, with its surface talcose and glossy, resembling the slate at Cotele on the Tamar. This slate gradually passes into a compact limestone, which is light-coloured and talcose, especially in such parts as come in contact with masses of hornstone diffused through the mass. This limestone is quarried and burnt on the spot, but after the selection of such portions as abound with calcareous spar.

TRURO.

Truro is situate in the hundred of Powder, and hath upon the north Kenwen, east Clement’s, south an arm of Falmouth Harbour, where twice a day, upon spring tides, the sea makes its navigable flux and reflux to the walls, keys, and streets thereof.

In the Domesday Book 1087, this place was taxed under the appellations of Trewret and Treured, which shews that it then consisted of two privileged manors or jurisdictions, viz. the borough of Trewret and the manor of Treured, now known, and still distinguished, by the names of the borough and manor of Truro, under the like circumstances.

In the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester 1294, into the value of Cornish Benefices, Ecclesia de Trewroe, in decanatu de Powdre, was rated liiis. ivd.

By the Charter of its incorporation from King John, the town was incorporated by the name of Burgus de Trewrow.

In Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, this church’s revenues were valued at £16. The patronage formerly in Bodrigan or Trenowith, now Edgecumb. The incumbent Pagett; and the borough of Truro was rated to four shillings per pound Land Tax for one year, 1696, £186. 7s. That here was a Christian free chapel before the Norman Conquest I doubt not, implied in the word Trewrow, now a Rectory Church; in the glass windows of which, the north side thereof, is yet extant the arms of John Earl of Cornwall, who succeeded to the Crown of England 1199, and was made Earl of Cornwall by his father King Henry II. at nine years old (though he had not the possession thereof till the time of Richard I. 1190, which was but a hundred and twenty-four years after the Norman Conquest, and but one hundred and three years after the Conqueror’s death); which arms were: in a field Ruby, three leopards in pale passant gardant Tophaz, over all a bend Sapphire, which leopards are now called, and metamorphosed in the blazon of the Kings of England’s arms to lions, as it is testified by Nicholas Upton, who wrote his Book of Heraldry 1440, whose words be these: “Monsieur Johanes Roy d’Angleter, port de Gowles, ove trois lyopers d’Or.”

There is likewise extant in the same windows, the Prince of Wales and Duke of Cornwall’s badge, in a field ―――― three ostrich feathers with this motto or inscription, Ich Dien, or Ich Thyen, Saxon, I serve, which coronet was won by Edward the Black Prince, the first Duke of Cornwall, from John of Luxemberge, King of Bohemia, at the battle of Cressy, 1346, and ever since worn by him and his successors, Dukes of Cornwall and Princes of Wales; which arms we may conclude was erected in this glass window soon after that victory, he being High Lord of this borough, which is held of his contiguous Duchy Manor of Moris, together with the Coinage Hall, which King John built and gave it; as also the royalty over the whole Harbour of Falmouth as far as Carike Road and the Black Rock Island (see Falmouth) in consideration of twelve pence rent and suits to that Manor Court, which privileges and royalty this town enjoyed till the time of King James II. and executed their water processes all over the said harbour for debt and damage; but then, upon the petition of Sir Peter Killigrew, Bart. it was given by him as an augmentation of profit to Mr. Quaram, Rector of Falmouth, and his successors for ever, but under what rent I know not.

The church was built at the proper cost and charge of the inhabitants, and other pious benefactors, with free-stone, in that costly and curious manner as it now stands, in the reigns of Henry VII. and Henry VIII. as appears from an inscription in the glass windows thereof, under the name and arms of Margaret Tregian, one of those benefactors 1514; wherein also are yet extant the arms of the Arundells, Bevills, Trenowths, Carmenows, Edgecombs, and other benefactors; however, this church hath no tower or steple of bells as other churches.

And moreover, as when it was a free chapel, the minister subsisted on the oblations and obventions of the altar, so now, comparatively, upon the piety and charity of his hearers by voluntary subscriptions; from whence it may be presumed the rector must demean himself well, and labour hard in his vocation, to get a competent maintenance, at least he must walk with such upright and wary conduct as he that went barefoot upon the edge of a sharp knife and did not hurt his feet; since he must converse with, and have to do with, men of divers principles and opinions in religion in this place, viz. Anabaptists, Presbyterians, and Quakers, as of old his predecessors had with monks, Dominican and Franciscan friars, who were sharers or peelers of his profits by their predicaments. I shall not enter into the controversy whether the Gospel were better preached before churches were endowed with revenues, or since, the one being a motive to pride, sloth, and laziness; as the other is an inducement to humility, temperance, and virtue.

In this church stands a curious monument erected to the memory of John Robartes, esq. that married Gaurigan (ancestor of the Right Honourable Charles Bodville, Earl of Radnor) though much defaced in the interregnum of Cromwell; whose ancestor John Robarts, Mayor of Truro, that lies entombed thereby, mightily enriched himself in this town by trade and manufactures.

There is also near the same another funeral monument, erected to the memory of three brothers of the Mitchells, tempore James I. viz. Thomas, John, and James, as I remember, who, as the inscription saith, had all one God, one womb, and one tomb.

On the west side of this town was of old a Dominican Chapel and Friary; part of their house and consecrated well yet standing; their revenues dispersed into several hands since the dissolution of their house 26 Henry VIII. and now in possession of ――――.

In the centre of this town was a nunnery of Clares closed up, who had considerable revenues, now in possession of Sir John Seyntaubyn and others; their consecrated walled well at Edles in Kenwen, and their house called Anhell, i. e. the hall or tabernacle, was fairly built of free-stone, though lately pulled down, and converted to shops and dwelling houses.

The town of Truro was made a coinage town by King John as aforesaid, and had all its privileges confirmed by a charter from Queen Elizabeth, by the name of the Mayor and Capital Burgesses; and consists of a Mayor, Recorder, and twenty-four Capital Burgesses. The members of Parliament are elected by the majority of inhabitants of the said Corporation; the arms of which are, a ship man-of-war in full course, with sails spread, on the seas, wherein are fishes swimming.

The precept on the Parliament writ from the Sheriff, and a writ for removing an action at law depending in this court leet, must be thus directed:

“Majori et Burgensibus Burgi sui de Trewrow in comitatu Cornubiæ, salutem.” als. “Manerium de Trewrow, viz. Senescallo et Ballivor. Manerij sui de Trewrow in Comitatu Cornubiæ, salutem.”

This place is more notable as being the birthplace and honorary title of John Lord Robarts, Baron Robarts of Truro (see Lanhydeiock). It is also privileged with fairs annually, on the 19th of November, the 8th of December, Wednesday after Midlent Sunday, and on Whitsun Monday or Tuesday, and markets weekly on Wednesdays and Saturdays; wherein all commodities necessary for the life of man are vended in great plenty at a moderate rate, viz. fresh fish, oysters, lobsters, and crabs of all sorts, corn, fruits.

The salary of the collector of the Custom House here is yearly £40, two tidemen and a waiter £80 per annum.

The chief inhabitants of this town are John Manly, esq. barrister-at-law; Mr. Gregor, Dr. Maye, Dr. Cloake, Graduates in Physic; Mr. Hawes, Mr. Hickman, Mr. Granvill Hals, Mr. Hickes, Mr. Herle, Mr. Sanders, Mr. Mayow, Mr. Williams, Mr. Foxworthy, Mr. Grebhle, Mr. Pawley, Mr. Michell, and others.

Mr. Carew, in his Survey of Cornwall 1602, tells us this town of Truro, for wealth and riches, exceeded any other town in Cornwall, and for buildings all other except Lanceston; I think it still under the same circumstances.

In this town at some time lived Captain William Upcott that married ―――― Bruce of Scotland, daughter of Edward Bruce, esq. of Edinburgh; after her death, Anne, daughter of Adam Bennet, of this town, gent. son of John Bennet, of Penton in Devon, gent. a man of approved valour and conduct in the war, who in all the unhappy Civil Wars between King Charles I. and his Parliament, was bred up in the school of Mars from his youth, first an Ensign, then a Lieutenant, lastly made a Commander of a foot company under the Earl of Essex and Sir Thomas Fairfax’s armies for the Parliament; afterwards he was made Coronet of General Monk’s Horse Troop or Brigade, who specially favoured him, and in that capacity accompanied him throughout all the fatigues of the English, Scots, and Irish wars, managed by him and Cromwell against Kings Charles I. and II.; and when Monk came out of Scotland and returned into England with his army, and restored King Charles II. to his throne.

Truro is situate in the hundred of Powder, and is surrounded to the south, west, and north, by Kenwin, and to the east by St. Clement’s, being washed on each side by two rivulets (of which that which comes from St. Allen is the principal), and which joining together at the bottom of the town, fall into an arm of Falmouth Harbour, and form a beautiful basin and key there. This takes its name from the town, as that does from the three principal streets of which it consists, Tri, three, and Ru, a street, turned to Truro, euphoniæ gratiâ. [See below concerning this Etymon, which is adopted from Camden, and is obviously absurd, as the town must have had a name long before it forked out into three streets; and indeed from the first moments of its existence as a town, as a parish, or as a manor. W.]

This church, which is dedicated to the blessed Virgin Mary, is a rectory, valued in the King’s Book £16; the patronage in the Honourable Richard Edgcombe, esq.; the incumbent Mr. Joseph Jane, who in 17―― succeeded Mr. Simon Paget, as this last did Mr. Samuel Thomas.

In an. 1291, 20 Edw. I. this church was valued (Tax. Benef.) at liijs. iiijd. having never been appropriated.

Leland (Itin. vol. III. fol. 11) speaketh thus of this town: “This Creke of Truru afore the very toun is divided into two partes, and eche of them hath a brook cumming down, and a bridge, and the toun of Truru bytwixt them booth. The White Freres house was on the west arme yn Kenwyn Streate.

“Kenwen Streate is severed from Truru with this arme, and Clementes Streat by est is separate on the est from Truru with the same arme.

“One paroche chirch in Truru; Kenwen, and Clementes Streates have several chirchis, and bere the name of the Sainctes of the paroche chirchis.

“Coynage of tinne at Midsomer and Michaelmas at Truru.

“Truru is a borow toun, and priviledged. There is a Castelle, a quarter of a mile by west out of Truru, longing to the Erle of Cornwale, now clene doun. The site therof is now used for a shoting and playing place. Out of the body of Truru creake, on the est side, breketh a crek estwarde a mile from Truru, and goith up a mile ――――, perhaps to Kigan, and thens to Tresilian Bridge.”

Nothing can be better described than the situation of this town is here by Leland; only as to the castle, it is so far from being a quarter of mile out of the town that it is in it at the head of St. Pancras-street, to the left hand of the way as you go to Kenwyn church, which by the bye is no Saint as Leland has here made it, or ever called St. Kenwyn. [The difference between Mr. Tonkin and his author concerning the castle, is no difference at all. Mr. Tonkin forgets the interval of time between Leland’s writing and his own. At that time the castle was assuredly out of the town; St. Pancras-street then going up but a little way from the open area by the church-yard, and the castle being now “at the head” of this street.] It lies very pleasantly, and from it you have a view of the whole town, the country around it, and the river, or rather arm of the sea, which, when the tide is in, looks like a fine canal of two miles in length, [and in coming up the canal by boat, the town with its new spire below, and the church of Kenwin with its new vicarage-house above, form a most pleasing view]; but the castle itself is more like an old Danish camp or round, than a place that had been once inhabited, there not being the least sign left of any wall, &c.

At the last visitation of this county (Heralds’ Office) it is said that “the town and borough of Truro was incorporated by the name of mayor and burgesses by Reignald Earl of Cornwall, natural son to Henry I. which as appeareth by record, was done by Richard Lucy alias Lacam, testibus Rogero de Valitort, Roberto de Edune Anvilla, Ricardo de Raddona, Aldredo de S^{to}. Martino, sealed with an ancient seal with a man on horseback.

“And at the time of this present visitation, the 9th of October 1620, was Gregory Frignis Major, Thomas Burgess, Richard Daniell, James Lawarren, William Catcher, aldermen, Everard Edmonds, Henry Williams, Edward Kestell, William Avery, Walter Penarth, Germaine Grees, Francis Noseworthy, Francis Gregor, Cuthbert Sidenham, Humphrie Sidenham, Gawen Carverth, Thomas Burgess, jun., Richard Hill, John Adlington, Nicholas Paule, Edward Grosse, Robert Kemp, Nicholas Stephens, John Pernall, and William Cosens, burgesses, Hugh Boscawen, esq. recorder, and John Michell, town-clerk of the said borough and corporation.

“We find also that the Mayor of Truro hath always been, and still is, Major of Falmouth, as by an ancient grant now in the custody of the said Mayor and Burgesses doth appear.”

WHITAKER.

Here I shall add some remarks that will illustrate the origin of this town more than Mr. Tonkin has done.

Truro takes its name from its castle. This, in Leland’s time, belonged to the Prince of Wales as Earl of Cornwall, and was therefore one of the castellated palaces of the Cornish Earls; it was only a small one, however. This the ground of it shows when the walls are gone. Even in Leland’s time, it was “clene doun;” and the area was used as a place of exercise for shooting with bows and arrows, and for other diversions. It “is now,” says Mr. Tonkin, “more like an old Danish camp or round than a place that had been once inhabited.” What ideas Mr. Tonkin had of an “old Danish camp,” I cannot say; but the castle carries no appearance of a camp at all, either Danish, Saxon, or Roman. Nor is it more like a round, if by “a round” Mr. Tonkin means a Cornish one, like the amphitheatrical “round” of Piran. The only remains of the castle, indeed, are the name, a waste area, and the old mount or keep, the earth of which is nearly gone, and is daily vanishing by application of it to other purposes. This artificial mount marks the centre of the castle, had the main tower upon it, and constituted the principal part of the whole; and a small ward must have gone round it, standing on the natural ground, and forming the offices to this petty palace.

This was plainly the origin of the town:――where an ancient Earl’s house was, however small in its extent, and however occasional in its use, it naturally drew the traders of the country to it. The wants of such a Lord’s household, and the accompanying treasury of a kingdom in a county, created such a call for wares, and produced such a currency of wealth, as made it for its season the little centre of trade to the adjoining country; and a town grew up in time, the weakly child of its castle at first, but able to subsist without the castle at last. Such, undoubtedly, was the origin of Truro. This lay upon the more westerly of the two currents; the westerly side of the town, therefore, would be the primitive and original part of it; accordingly, we see the White Friars’ house constructed with it. From this current it extended, as it enlarged, to the easterly one. The erection of a church on that side, when a district was taken out of Kenwin parish, and the peninsulated ground between the currents was formed into a parish of itself, drew it easterly with great power. The town consisted at first, probably, of the street running from the foot of the hill on a part of which the castle stood, and extending backwards with its yards and gardens to the western current; and this part of course adopted the previous appellation of the castle, and was called with it Tre-vereu, Tre-ureu, or Truru, Treuro, or Truro, the house or castle upon the Uro or Uru, the same denomination of a river with that of the Vere in Hertfordshire, the Vera-lamium of the Itineraries, the Uro-lanium of Ptolemy, and with that of the Eure in Yorkshire, the Uluracum, and the Is-urium of the geography and itineraries.

So originating from the castle, in that primary part of the whole, the western side of the town, and in that most primary point of all, the line of houses above, the town would naturally shoot out next in the line of houses opposite to this on each side of the opening towards the church, and beside the church on each side, drawn on by the strong attraction of the church itself. The roads into the town from east and west would then allure it down to their respective passes over the current; the road from the west then coming down, as it still does, at the bottom of the first line of houses; and that from the east coming within these thirty years by the narrow street near the church, at the corner of which is the rectory-house. The town would then extend from the western access into it, in a street of houses running at right angles with the original street of the whole, and pushing directly in a line from the access. These must have been the three streets from which Camden supposed the name to have been derived: “Truro, Cornwallice Treuru, a tribus plateis dictum,” (page 138); but this last street was afterwards split by the corporation into two, by the erection of a town-hall above and a market-house below, along the middle of it. In this state stood the town probably for some time, with the continuance of this middle row of buildings, with the erection of a coinage-hall for tin a little beyond the termination of it, and with the extension of the two original sides of this third street up to it. It then stretched up the hill towards the castle, ranged over the confining currents on the east and west, into the parishes of St. Clement’s and Kenwin, and expatiated down to the quay and beside it. It ranged over the western current, now probably covered with a bridge, before it pushed up the hill towards the castle, as that line of houses is called Kenwin-street, even by Leland, and this is denominated St. Pancras-street by Mr. Tonkin; that was then the way, the circuitous way to Kenwin Church, when this is the direct way, and the present; and the principal alteration which has happened to Truro since, has resulted from the erection of a new bridge over the eastern current, longer and grander than the other, a few yards lower in the channel than it, lining with the eastern road, and leading directly to the Town-hall and market-house. This naturally produced a Bridge-street, leading up at one end of the Coinage-hall, so falling into what was then the principal stem of the town, and thus communicating with all the branches; and all will be consummated in a few years by executing an Act of Parliament which has already passed, in taking down that middle row of buildings which is formed by the town-hall and its accompaniments, restoring this street to its original width, and multiplying houses for the dislodged inhabiters in the extreme parts of the town.

When the church was originally built I know not, but it was then dedicated to St. Pancras, I apprehend, though it is now to St. Mary, as the street leading down to one corner of the large area at it, which is popularly denominated Pider-street at present, is still denominated St. Pancras-street by Mr. Tonkin; but the present church of St. Mary is of that light and elegant sort of Gothic architecture which took place among us in the reign of Henry VII. and which perhaps might be wished to have still continued among us, as being a happy union of the solemn solidity of the Gothic and of the luminous lightness of the Roman. At this period the church must have been built, the architecture of London by degrees reaching out its influence into Cornwall; and accordingly in the southern window, which is the third from the east, is a date of 1518.

But let me be more particular concerning the antiquity of Truro. The castle is not mentioned in Domesday Book;[6] it was therefore later than the Conquest. It was built by some of the Norman Earls of Cornwall, and was one of the rural palaces, as it were, which they had in the county subordinate to their grand capitals at Launceston, Tremarton, and Restormel. The town must be still later than the castle; yet it is noticed within a century after the Conquest, so nearly coeval was it with its cause, the castle. It is noticed above to have been in the possession of Richard de Lucy. It was incorporated, says the Visitation above, “as appeareth by record, by Richard Lucy, alias Lacam.” “Truro, Truru, or Trevereu,” adds that best investigator of our constitutional antiquities, because the most grounded on the evidence of records, Dr. Brady, “was some time in the possession of Richard de Lucy, a person of great note in the reigns of King Stephen and Henry II. in the eighth of whose [Henry’s] reign,” or, an. Dom. 1162, “he was made Justice of England.”[7] This Richard had got possession of this part of the old estates of the earldom, either by one of those half-alienations, which were only sub-infeodations in reality, or (as we shall soon see) by being Earl of Cornwall himself. He actually resided in the castle, as he is styled in an instrument of Henry the Second’s, “Ricardi de Lucy de Trivereu;” and he encouraged the little town of the Earls, by incorporating it, and so giving it a legal dignity in granting it an internal jurisdiction. He even proceeded to allow it that last and highest privilege of a borough, a freedom of exemption from toll; nor was this confined to the borough itself; it extended beyond it; it extended into all the country round; it was commensurate with the whole county; and Richard must, therefore, have acted with a power, not merely of the lord of the borough, but of the earl of the county, as no one less than an earl could have given such an ample sweep of exemption. The proof of all this lies in the original charter of the town, not now in existence, but referred to in a succeeding charter, and particularised so as to be equal to the very charter itself. The town thus began about the year 1100, was incorporated about 1130 perhaps, and was made a free borough (as we shall instantly see) before 1140.

In the reign of King Stephen, who came to the throne in 1135, and in the fifth year of it, or 1140, Lucy resigned up the possessions of the earldom; as then, “Reginald Fitzroy, who was one of the illegitimate sons of King Henry the First, was created Earl of Cornwall.”[8] Reginald was, therefore, invested with all that Lucy had possessed. This he retained till his death, which happened in the 21st of Henry II.[9] or the year 1175. We accordingly find him extending his more than half-royal graces to his borough of Truro, by granting it a charter confirmatory of the privileges which Lucy had conceded to it before. “The town and borough of Truro,” says the Visitation, “was incorporated by the name of the Mayor and Burgesses, by Reignald Earl of Cornwall, natural son to Henry the First (which, as appeareth by record, was done by Richard Lucy, alias Lacam), testibus Rogero de Valitort, Roberto de Edune Anvilla, Ricardo de Radiona, Aldredo de St. Martino, sealed with an ancient seal, with a man on horseback.” This description shows the charter to have been actually inspected by the visitors; yet Dr. Brady knows it only from the recital of a subsequent charter.[10] The original is lost in the Tower, I suppose, while its counterpart is preserved at Truro; and it runs thus in the Inspeximus, 13 Edw. I. No. 61. “Reginaldus Regis Filius,” not as in descriptive terms the son of the King, but merely as a personal and family appellative, Fitzroy, “Comes Cornubiæ; omnibus Baronibus Cornubiæ, et omnibus militibus, et omnibus libere tenentibus, et omnibus tam Anglicis quam Cornubiensibus, salutem. Sciatis, quod concessi,”――a word that shows even confirmatory charters to do, what our legal antiquaries are naturally unaware that they do, to use the language of granting just as if they were original charters, and so leave us to decide from other circumstances, which are original and which confirmatory――“Liberis Burgensibus meis de Trivereu,” where the note of previous freedom in the Burgesses proves them to have been already freed from toll, “habere omnes liberas consuetudines et urbanas,” the same exemption from toll that all cities (which were in the King’s demesne) had, “et easdem in omnibus quas habuerunt in tempore Ricardi de Lucy,” a plain evidence that they had “free customs,” and that they themselves, therefore, were “free Burgesses” in the time of Richard de Lucy, “scilicet Sacham et Socham, et Tholl et Them, et Hinfangenethuf [Infangthief],” that is, all those rights of judicature over themselves, and over others who came among them, that then belonged to all the manorial courts, and that were necessarily given to the Burgesses of Truro when they were incorporated, and by incorporation were enabled to exercise a jurisdiction independent of the common officers of justice: “et concessi eis, quod non placitent in Hundredis, nec Comitatibus, nec pro aliquâ summonitione eant ad placitandum alicubi extra villam Trivereu,” a privilege consequent upon the grant of an internal jurisdiction, and necessary to its completion: “et quod quieti sint de Tholneo dando per totam Cornubiam, in feriis et in foris, et ubicunque emerint et vendiderint,” a privilege which must have been a very valuable one to a society of traders, and the more valuable from its long reach over all the fairs and markets of the county: “et quod, de pecuniâ eorum accreditâ et non redditâ, namium capiant in villâ suâ de debitoribus suis,” by distraining the cattle, and arresting the persons of their debtors, that came into the town, though they did not belong to it.[11] This charter is without a date; with so many and such witnesses no date being necessary; and as it must have been prior to the Earl’s death, it was before the year 1175.

Henry the Second confirmed Reginald’s charter, as Reginald confirmed Lucy’s; and all were re-confirmed by Edward the First in 1284.[12] But in all these charters, we have no intimation of that grand privilege which we are sure Truro to have possessed, and which is alluded to in the Visitation above. “We find also,” says the Visitation, “that the Mayor of Truro hath always been, and still is, Mayor of Falmouth, as by an ancient grant, now in custody of the said Mayor and Burgesses, doth appear.” The superiority of Truro over all the harbour of Falmouth we see is here attested by a record of 1622; and “an ancient grant, now in the custody of the Mayor and Burgesses,” is appealed to by the record. This distinguishing privilege had been ceded to Truro by a grant of a particular nature; but from the manner in which the Visitation refers to it, the grant must have been so early as to be without a date, and so be like Reginald’s and Lucy’s charters before; and it was probably, therefore, about the same age with them. [WHITAKER.]

Truro has long claimed to be the first town in Cornwall; and the station has generally been allowed, although several others exceed it in beauty of situation. Penzance in that respect, as well as in foreign trade and the magnitude of its internal commerce; and Falmouth in the number of inhabitants.

Truro, situated adjacent to the largest mining district, at the head of a navigable river, and nearly in the centre of population, has acquired the lead in all county concerns, and has the good fortune to possess many large handsome houses, and breadth of streets unknown in the other towns. Here, too, for a long series of years, was situated the chief place of education for the heirs of Cornish families, at a time when the state of communication between places two or three hundred miles apart, rendered it a matter of serious importance to think of sending a lad to either of the public schools. Two very eminent masters of the school at Truro are still remembered, Mr. Conor, a layman, from the north of England, or Scotland, by the tradition of our fathers; and the Rev. Dr. Cardew, by some among the best classical scholars in both Universities. There is a monument to Dr. Cardew in St. Erme Church. It is also understood, that their predecessor, Mr. Jane, either established or maintained the reputation of this school. Mr. Jane is understood to have been a native of Leskeard, and a nephew of Doctor William Jane, Regius Professor of Divinity at Oxford and Dean of Gloucester, who drew up the strong Declaration adopted by the University in favour of the principles which would have retained King James on the throne of England, and when the Revolution was effected, supported the opposite side, which gave occasion to the following epigrams:

Decretum figis solenne, Decanus ut esses; Ut fieres Præsul, Jane! refigis idem.

Decretum statuit spe――spe meliore revellit; Quàm rectâ Janus pingitur arte bifrons!

The Rev. J. Jane, son of the gentleman who kept the school at Truro, became a student and tutor at Christ Church, from whenee he retired to the college living of Iron Acton in Gloucestershire.

Truro has produced its fair proportion of men distinguished by their proficiencies in literature, arts, sciences, and arms. Of persons living, I would select the Rev. Richard Polwhele, as an eminent historian, poet, and divine; and the Right Honourable General Sir Hussey Vivian, companion in arms of the Duke of Wellington, an active partaker in the glories of Waterloo, since commander-in-chief of Ireland, and now (1836) occupying, perhaps, the highest office of the government not included in the cabinet.

An individual, little if at all remembered, emanated from Truro in the sixteenth century, if he was not born there. Wood says, in the Athenæ Oxonienses:

“Thomas Farnabie, the most noted schoolmaster of his time, son of Thomas Farnabie, of London, carpenter, son of ―――― Farnabie, sometime Mayor of Truro in Cornwall, was born in London about 1575, and became a Student of Merton College in 1590; but being wild he made no long stay there, but left the college very abruptly, and went into Spain, and was for some time educated in a college belonging to the Jesuits. He left them, however, and being minded to take a ramble, went with Sir Francis Drake and Sir John Hawkyns in their last voyage; afterwards, it is said, he was a soldier in the Low Countries. Having suffered great distress after his return, he at last succeeded in establishing a school in Goldsmiths’ Rents, near Red Cross Street in London, where at one time he made up a number exceeding three hundred generous youths. At length, upon occasion of some sickness, he removed about 1636 to Sevenoaks in Kent, in the neighbourhood of which place (at Oxford) he had purchased an estate, and taught there the sons of several neighbouring gentlemen, by which he acquired considerable wealth, and purchased another estate near Horsham in Sussex. He suffered some loss and imprisonment in the Civil War on account of his taking the Royalty side, and died at Sevenoaks, where he is buried, in the chancel of the church, with the following inscription:

“P. M. Viri ornatissimi Thomæ Farnabii Armigeri, causæ olim Regiæ, reique publicæ, sed literariæ vindicis acerrimi, obiit 12 Junii 1647.

“Vatibus hic sacris qui lux Farnabius olim, Vate carens saxo nunc sine luce jacet.”

His principal works are, Notes on the Satyrs of Juvenal and Persius. Notes on the Tragedies of Seneca. Notes on Martial’s Epigrams. Notes on Lucan’s Pharsalia. Notes on Virgil. Notes on Terence. Notes on Ovid. A System of Grammar. Index Rhetoricus and Oratorius. Phrasiologia, Latin and English. Anthology of Greek Epigrams, with a Latin Translation. Tables of the Greek Language. Various Letters to Learned Persons.

Boyle says of him in his Dictionary, that Farnaby was a learned classic, and that his notes on the greater part of the ancient Latin Poets have been of much use to young persons; that he dedicated his Horace to Prince Henry, the eldest son of King James the First, and that he was most favourably received by the Prince when he presented his work; and that he received an order, or a request, to make similar commentaries on all the Latin Poets, in anticipation, in some degree, of the great work afterwards executed for the King’s son in France.

But the most remarkable and striking feature in the history of Truro consists of the great wealth acquired there by various families in succession during a long series of years.

The first on record is the family of Roberts, or Robartes, who are said to have began their career by retail trade in a house remaining at the commencement of this century, near the north-western extremity of what has been made the great street, by the improvement of taking down the middle row of houses, noticed by Mr. Whitaker, and completed by a new street leading from it southward towards Penryn and Falmouth.

It is possible that the very humble commencement of the Roberts’s fortunes may have been invented since their splendid elevation, to augment the wonder; but certain it is, that they resided for several generations in Truro, conducting extensive mercantile concerns, and accumulating capital, rather than obtaining it by any sudden effort; and employing their savings in the acquirement of land by great or small purchases, or more frequently, perhaps, through the medium of advancing money on mortgage, till they acquired the most scattered estate of any in the county. About the reign of James the First, this family rose into high consideration; they acquired an hereditary seat in Parliament, in a manner not very honourable at least to the Duke of Buckingham, and afterwards became decorated with the nominal office of Earl of Radnor: held the Lord Lieutenancy of Cornwall, with the Lord Wardenship of the Stannaries; and, lastly, the office of highest dignity in the gift of the Crown, the Vice-Royalty of Ireland.

The next considerable family emerging from Truro was the Vincents; in their case the practice of law was added to trade; they repeatedly represented Truro in Parliament, and were among the first people of the county. One of their seats was Tresimple in St. Clement’s, now the property of Mr. Vivian, of Penkalenick in the same parish; but the family of Vincent has disappeared, and their very memory is almost extinguished.

After the Vincents will come the Gregors, who have now been for a long period country gentlemen. The late Mr. Francis Gregor represented the county in three successive Parliaments, from 1790 to 1806, when he retired on account of ill health.

The next large fortune acquired at Truro was by Mr. Lemon. A short account of this very extraordinary person has been given under Germoe parish. His very splendid career, not merely of acquiring wealth, but of high reputation for himself and of benefit to his country, began in the neighbourhood of Penzance; and his removal to Truro is understood to have been occasioned by the discernment of Mr. Coster, a gentleman concerned in copper smelting works at Bristol, and a representative in Parliament for that city.

Mr. Coster greatly augmented his fortune by purchasing the copper ores of Cornwall, for some time without a competitor; and undertaking to work some of the Gwennap mines in depth for copper, which had previously been productive of tin, he selected Mr. Lemon for one of his partners, with unlimited confidence in managing the whole concern.

Mr. Lemon was succeeded by Mr. Daniell, who took the whole of his great mercantile concerns off the hands of Mr. Lemon’s executors in 1760, having acquired the command of capital by his marriage with Miss Elliot, niece of Mr. Allen, of Bath. The late Mr. John Vivian acquired also a large fortune residing in Truro; and of persons now living, several might be added to the list.

Mr. Richard Hussey has been noticed in the parish of Feock as an eminent lawyer, and likely to have attained some of the highest honours of the profession; he died unmarried in 1770. His father, who practised in Truro as an attorney, was the son of the Reverend John Hussey, vicar of Okehampton in Devonshire.

The late Mr. John Thomas may also be included among those who have acquired fortunes and displayed ability at Truro: after retiring early in life to Chiverton, a paternal property in Perran Zabuloe, where he built an excellent house, Mr. Thomas was placed in the honourable office of Vice-Warden, which he executed with great credit for more than thirty years.

Among persons distinguished for talents, one cannot omit Mr. Samuel Foote; he was born here about the year 1720, although the family seat was Lambessa, in the adjoining parish of St. Clement. His mother was the sister of Sir John Dinely Goodere and of Samuel Goodere, a Captain in the Navy, whose history almost equals in depth of misery the well-known tragedy of Penryn; and it is a curious circumstance that Mr. Foote’s first publication is a complete narrative of this most melancholy affair, in a pamphlet signed with his name, and addressed to Henry Combe, Esq. then Mayor of Bristol, in 1741. Mr. Foote’s life and adventures are before the public in various forms.

Recently two natives of Truro have distinguished themselves throughout Europe by a most important geographical discovery. The Mr. Landers, as is well known, descended a large river from the interior of Africa to the sea, at what is called the Bite of Benin, where the river loses itself by flowing in divided streams through a delta created by the deposit of alluvial debris, brought down from the highlands by the force of its own current.

A monument is now constructing on an elevated piece of ground at the southern extremity of the town, in memory of the brother, who has most unfortunately lost his life in a second expedition, intended for the establishment of a friendly and commercial intercourse with the inhabitants of countries thus brought within our reach.

An anecdote seems worth preserving relative to an invention, completely in anticipation of the use now made of steam for propelling vessels in all parts of the world. The mere idea of using this gigantic power instead of the human arm for moving boats and ships through the water, must have occurred to thousands; the mode of effecting the application is the real invention.

About sixty years ago Mr. Charles Warrick resided at Truro, a young man of some family and fortune, and bred to the law; a person of singular and eccentric habits, displaying much ability and genius in some cases, with an apparent want of both in others. Mr. Warrick partook of a taste very common in places situated on navigable rivers, for spending a large portion of his time on the water, or in making contrivances relative to navigation; and he constructed a boat with slender ribs, covered either with canvass or with paper soaked in substances that excluded water: on each side he appended a wheel connected together by an axis turned in the middle into the form of a staple, or what is called a double crank. In this boat he frequently paddled from Truro to Falmouth Harbour, moving the crank with his hands, and out-running all other boats; but no one thought of applying the construction to larger vessels, nor had he, in all probability, the slightest notion, that within half a century similar wheels and cranks, moved by steam-engines, would impel vessels of many hundred tons burden through the most tempestuous seas, and against winds and tides, over extensive oceans, with a safety and a precision almost equal to land conveyance.

As illustrative of the changes in all respects, that have taken place in the last three-quarters of a century, the following curious relation, although trifling in itself, may be allowed to find a place.

A family about to embark at Falmouth, no longer ago than the year 1748 or 1749, hired a coach and horses in London to convey them there, a system of travelling practised on the continent up to the present time; the driver having delivered his charge, made known his desire for obtaining, what he perhaps denominated a back-freight, on easy terms, and a party of young men availed themselves of the opportunity, stipulating, however, that in the event of their reaching a town at any part of the day where cockfighting would take place in the evening, the coach should lie by to afford them an opportunity of being present at the diversion.

Truro has not been measured as a distinct parish, and is therefore included in Kenwyn.

Annual value of the Real Property, as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 6958 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 1119 4 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 2358 | 2482 | 2712 | 2925. giving an increase of 24 per cent. in 30 years.

It must be observed, that the amount of Real Property, the Poor Rate, and the Population, relate only to the ward rather than the parish of St. Mary, constituting Old Truro. In a note attached to the last Population Abstracts, it is said that the whole town is supposed to have contained 8,468 inhabitants in the year 1831.

The present Rector of Truro is the Rev. E. Dix, who was presented by the Earl of Mount Edgcumbe in 1833. The net value of the living, as returned in 1831, was 135l.

The town of Truro stands on the same kind of argillaceous slate that prevails in the adjoining parishes of Kenwyn and St. Clement’s.

[6] Brady on Boroughs, p. 42.

[7] Brady, p. 43.

[8] Brady, p. 43, from Dugd. Bar fol. 610.

[9] Brady, ibid.

[10] Brady, p. 44.

[11] Brady, p. 44.

[12] Ibid.

ST. TUDY.

St. Tudy, alias St. Tidy or Tudy, is situate in the hundred of Trigg, and hath upon the north Michaelstow, east Brewar, south St. Mabyn, west St. Kew. For those names, they are all synonymous, and signify St. Udye, or St. Udith, (or the Holy Udith,) referring to the name of St. Udith, the tutelar guardian and patroness of this church, and by the name of Mama Tedy or Tidy,[13] i. e. Mother Udith, it was taxed in the Domesday Book 1087, which plainly shows here was an endowed rectory church dedicated to her before that time. In the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester, into the value of Cornish Benefices, Ecclesia de St. Tudy, in decanatu de Minor Trigshire, was valued 1294 for its revenues, cs. In Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, £31; the patronage in ――――; the incumbent Trelawny. This parish was rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax for one year, by the name of St. Udy, £144.

The history of St. Udith is as followeth: she was the natural daughter of King Edgar, by the lady Wolfchild, who was afterwards made Lady Abbess or mother of the maids of the Nunnery of Wilton in Wiltshire, wherein she demeaned herself so well as to her conduct, piety, and purity, that, as Capgrave tells us, she obtained the reputation of a saint, though the author of Polychronicon, Liber 6, chapter 9, tells us, that Bishop Ethel wold sharply reproved her, for deviating from her rule, and being too curious in her attire; to whom she replied that God regarded the heart more than garments, and that sin might be covered as well with rags as robes; to which the Bishop answered, that, though our corrupt mortal bodies were covered with silk, silver, and gold, it could neither procure a minute’s life or health for us, nor hide our sins from God’s sight, but were rather an argument of our pride and vanity, than sincerity or humility.

After the brother of St. Udith, Edward the Martyr, was slain, St. Dunstan had a mind to make her Queen of England to defeat Etheldred the lawful heir, but her piety or policy would not permit her to accept the proffer: she died Anno Dom. 984, and was buried in the church of Denis of her own building at Wilton. She is commonly called Udith the younger, to distinguish her from St. Udith her aunt.

Hengar was formerly the seat of the Billings, alias Trelanders, whose daughter and heir was married to John Trelawny of Coldrinick, esq. by whom she had no issue; after his decease she was married to Dr. Lower, Physician in Ordinary to King Charles the Second, by whom he had three daughters, one married to Edward Morice of Werrington, esq. (by whom she had no issue); after his decease she was married to the honourable Major-General Charles Trelawny, governor of the Royal Citadel of Plymouth, now in possession of this place. Another daughter was married to Captain Mitchell; the third to ―――― Lower of St. Winnow.

Pen-vos, alias Pen-vose. It is now the dwelling of Humphrey Nicoll, esq. Commissioner for the Peace, that married ―――― Cudworth.

In this parish as I take it, or St. Kew, is still to be seen the ruins of a once famous and treble intrenchment of our ancestors the Britains, called Dameliock Castle, and taxed by the name of Dimelihoc, in the Domesday Book 1087, wherein Gothlois, (i. e. purple back or spear,) Earl of Cornwall immured or fortified himself against Uter Pendragon’s soldiers: in which place he was by them slain about the fifth century, as our annalists tell us (see Dundagell).

Damelyock, alias Daimelack, as a monosyllable in British, Scotch, and Irish, signifies the hazard, skirmish, or battle house or place. The lands about this fort and castle, since its first erection, have been enclosed and cultivated, so that now it is comparatively defaced, but not so much as to obscure this treble ditch, camp, or intrenchment, from the sight of spectators or observators, or to obliterate its ancient name aforesaid; but query, whether this Dameliock Castle be not in St. Kew and St. Teath?

Those Billings, alias Trelawders, mentioned on the other side, were gentlemen of blood and arms of three or four descents, and at Hengar, alias Hanger or St. Mabyn, married with the daughters of Blewet of Colon (who gave for their arms, Gules, a chevron between three eagles displayed Vert), Babb of Tingraze in Devon, Hockyn of Helland, and Helston in Cornwall, and gave for their own arms, in a field Or, on a bend Sable three stag’s or buck’s heads couped at the neck Or, attired and armed of the Field. The which Billing, heir of St. Mabin, was married to Hamley of Treblethick 1630.

Note further, that Tredinick of St. Breock gave the same arms as Billing or Trelawder of Hengar, only differenced with the colour of the stag’s or buck’s heads, viz. in a field Or, on a bend Sable, three buck’s heads attired or armed Argent.

St Tudy, in the hundred of Trigg, hath to the northwest St. Kew, to the north that and St. Teath, to the east Michaelstow and Brewer, to the south St. Mabin.

In anno 1291, 20 Edward I. this church by the name of St Tudy, was valued (Tax. Ben.) at cs. having never been appropriated.

This church is a rectory, valued in the King’s Book very high, £31; the patronage in Christ Church College, Oxford; the present incumbent Mr. George Allanson (vicar likewise of Budock and Gluvias) who succeeded ―――― Collier.

The manor of Tinten, id est [as the name appears below to be Tynton, Din Don, Tin Ton, the hill house. W.]

In the extent of Cornish acres, 12 Edward I. (Carew, fol. 47 b.) this is valued in twelve.

This was anciently the seat of the family of the same name. Johannes de Tynten is named among the knights of the county of Cornwall, 17 Edward II. when John de Treiagu was Sheriff (Ibid. fol. 51). Johannes de Tynton (probably his father, for this was no knight) was one of those that had £20 per annum of land or rent or more, in the county of Cornwall, 25 Edward I. John de Tinten held one fee Mort. [of the honour of Morton] in Tynten, and in Trewinneck, 3 Henry IV. (ibid fol. 42 b.)

The church of this parish is adorned with several splendid monuments, one to Mr. Anthony Nicoll, who distinguished himself in the Civil War, and another representing a mother and three daughters kneeling, with various arms emblazoned over them, Reskymer, Courtenay, Mohun, Trelawny, &c.

St. Editha, the patroness of this church, as Mr. Hals conjectures on the assumed authority of Domesday Book, must have acquired a high degree of sanctity at a very early period of life, having died in her twenty-fourth year, after passing her time from childhood in the convent at Wilton, of which her mother was abbess; and, therefore, as it is observed in the Roman Martyrology, “She may be said rather not to have known the world than to have left it;” but she fasted, wore hair-cloth next her skin, and chose to perform every office that was most disgusting or loathsome. In recompense, her beatitude was attested, according to William of Malmesbury, in a most decisive manner; who says, that while Canute celebrated the festival of Whitsuntide at Wilton, he spoke with ridicule of St. Editha, adding, that he never could believe the daughter of King Edgar could be a saint, who had always addicted himself to acts of tyranny, and to the indulgence of bad passions. Ethelnodus, the archbishop, then present, contradicted the king, and proceeded to open the tomb of the virgin saint; when, raising herself up so as to sit, she seemed to attack the contumaceous king; and he, terrified, fell prostrate on the ground, apparently without life; but recovering, he expressed great joy, that by a renovation of his existence he found himself in a situation to be penitent for his fault.

The presentation to this rectory is in the Dean and Canons of Christ Church. The Rev. Charles Hodgson, late student, presented in 1817, is the present incumbent.

The whole parish appears to be well cultivated, notwithstanding that it adjoins the granite district of St. Breward or Simonward, and it is agreeably diversified by hill and dale.

It appears from Mr. Lysons that the manor of St. Tudy belonged to the family of Nicoll, but that it was sold together with Penrose, the family seat, to Mr. Trehawke of Leskeard, by whom they have been devised to Samuel Kekewich, esq.

The manor of Tinten, like so many others, either gave its name to the ancient proprietors, or received it from them. An heiress took it to the Carminows of Boconnoc. The Carminow property passed to the Courtenays, and fell to the Crown on the attainder of the Marquis of Exeter. This manor was included by King Henry the Eighth in the exchange given for the honour of Wallingford.

The manor of Kellygreen belongs to Walter Raleigh Gilbert, esq.

Tremeer was a seat of the Lowers, the birth-place of Sir William Lower, the author of various works.

The Phœnix in her flames, a Tragedy. Polyenetes, or the Martyr, a Tragedy. Horatius, a Roman Tragedy. The Enchanted Lovers, a Pastoral. The Amorous Fantasme, Tragi-Comedy. Noble Ingratitude. Journal of the Travels of King Charles the Second in Holland; and others.

He died in 1662.

Here also was born Richard Lower, M.D. brother of the former, who lived to the year 1690. This gentleman published various medical works, and some papers in the Philosophical Transactions. One of his works, “Tractatus de Corde, item Motu et Calore Sanguinis et Chyli in eorum transitu,” reached a third edition in England, and was reprinted abroad.

Hengar is a handsome seat, very pleasantly situated on a rising ground, and at a small distance from the house a prospect is obtained of great extent and beauty, in consequence of an admixture of all the varieties of scenery which distinguish Cornwall――granite mountains, undulating hills of the slate formation, deep valleys with streams of water, and trees, and finally the sea. This place was the occasional residence of Matthew Michell, esq. acquired under the will of Samuel Michell, a Colonel in the Guards, who died there in 1786, after attaining his eighty-fifth year. Mr. Matthew Michell has left this place with all his property to his widow, who is again married to a gentleman of the name of Searle.

St. Tudy measures 2881 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property, as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 4286 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 398 8 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 502 | 512 | 605 | 658 giving an increase of 31 per cent. in 30 years.

This parish no where reaches so far as the granite hills. Its eastern part is composed of rocks which pass into the porphyritic series of St. Breward; the western part rests on the same kind of rocks as those of the adjoining parish of St. Teath.

[13] No such name appears in the index to Domesday Book; nor should we expect it. On the contrary, this place is probably the Tewardevi of the Domesday survey. Edit.

TYWARDRETH.

Tywardreth is situate in the hundred of Powder, and hath upon the north Lanlivery and Luxillian, south the British Channel, east Giant and Fowey Town, west St. Blazey. The name signifieth the house upon the sand; and by the same name of Tywardrai, it was taxed in the Domesday Book 1087. In the inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester into the value of Cornish Benefices 1294, Ecclesia de Tywardreth, in decanatu de Powdre, was valued at cvis. viiid.; in Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, £9. 6s. 8d.; the patronage formerly in the abbat of Tywardreth, now Rashleigh; the incumbent ―――― Woolridge; the rectory in Rashleigh; and the parish rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax 1696, for one year £205. This church is wholly appropriated or impropriated to the prior or abbat of Tywardreth, before the statute of Richard II.; and the vicar was paid only with £11 modus or stipend per annum, out of the Duchy Exchequer of Lestwithiel. It was the chief alien priory in those parts, which name of alien priors or abbats arose soon after the Norman Conquest, when certain Englishmen, Normans, and French, gave lands in England to Monasteries beyond the seas; upon which the monks built convenient houses for increasing the number of those under their own rule, and to inspect their revenues and tithes, in which houses they planted a suitable number of monks, under a superior or steward. This priory or abbey was therefore accordingly made subject to the Abbey of St. Sergius and Bacchus of Angiers in France, soon after the Norman Conquest (to whom also is dedicated their church of Luxillian).

The history of whom is as followeth: These saints were Christians and Noblemen of the City of Constantinople; the one Primicerius, and the other Secondicerius; that is to say, Sergius the First, and Bacchus the Second, Secretaries of State to the Emperor Maximian; who for that they would not join with him in sacrificing to the Roman gods or idols, were cruelly tormented by the common hangman, and lastly had their heads chopped off, 7th October 310. There is pious mention of those saints in the Second Nicene Council, Martyrologers, and otherwise; and many churches are dedicated to them in Constantinople, and other parts of Christendom; and the place in Asia where St. Sergius suffered, is called Sergiopolis to this day.

This abbey was first founded by William Earl of Morton and Cornwall, according to the rule of Augustine and Benedict. It was afterwards re-edified and greatly augmented in its revenues by Robert de Cardinham, tempore Richard I. 1190, (see the Monasticon Anglicanum of Dugdale); for which reason he is by some persons taken to be the founder thereof.

This Robert de Cardinham I take to be the same person mentioned by the name of Robert de Cardinam, (Survey Cornwall, page 44), who held by the tenure of knight service seventy-one knight’s fees of Morton in Cornwall, tempore Richard I.

This abbey or priory house and church of Tywardreth, was dedicated to St. Andrew the Apostle and Martyr of Christ, whose history followeth. He was born at Bethsaida in the province of Galilee, elder brother of St. Peter, and disciple of St. John Baptist, and was present when he pointed at Jesus, saying, “Behold the Lamb of God that taketh away the sins of the world;” whereupon he left St. John Baptist and followed Christ. Who, for that, after our Saviour’s Crucifixion, he would not sacrifice to the Roman Gods or Idols, at the command of Egeus Proconsul of Rome, sent governor into the province of Achaia, was crucified as his Lord and Master was, 30 November, Anno Dom. 60, in the reign of the Emperor Nero.

His body was afterwards translated to Constantinople, from thence to Italy, and lastly to Amalphy in Naples, where it still remains.

Now, by reason these alien priories transmitted to their superiors beyond the seas the news and state of affairs in this land, whereby the designs and undertakings of our princes were divulged to their enemies in their French wars; therefore all those sort of religious houses of this kind were suppressed by Act of Parliament, tempore Edward III. Richard II. Henry V. and Henry VI.; and amongst them in Cornwall, Minster, alias Tolcarne, in Trigmajor, and Minster in Kerryer; St. Neot and St. Bennett’s in Lanyvet in Pider were put down, and their lands confiscated to the Crown; but this priory of Tywardreth, for its loyalty or integrity, or for some other reason of security, stood firm till the general dissolution of all those religious houses, 26 Henry VIII. when the revenues of this abbey, according to Dugdale, was £123. 9s. 3d. Speed £151. 6s. 8d. as is set down in their Monasticon Anglicanum.

Mena-belly, alias Mena-billy, in this parish, is the dwelling of Jonathan Rashleigh, esq. Commissioner for the Peace and Taxes, and some time Member of Parliament for Fowey, that married Carew of Anthony, his father Sawle, his grandfather Bonython, his great-grandfather Lanyon. Originally descended and denominated from the local place of Rashleigh house, in or about Raneleigh parish in Chulmleigh Hundred in Devon.

In this parish, towards the sea coast, is that famous camp or treble intrenchment, called Castle Dore, consisting of a threefold trench cast up of earth, in which heretofore our ancestors the Britons fortified themselves against their enemies; out of which, as common report saith, tempore Charles II. some dreamers of money hid in this camp or place, upon search made, accordingly found such treasure as they much enriched themselves thereby.

Trewardreth is in the hundred of Powder; for the name, it signifies the village or the house upon the sand. It is a vicarage, not valued in the King’s Book, as having been but lately endowed; the late incumbent was Mr. May, likewise Rector of St. Mewan, who died this year (1732).

In the year 1291, 20th Edward I. the rectory of this church was valued at £5. 6s. 8d. being appropriated to the priory here; and the vicarage at 13s. 4d.

In 3 Henry IV. William de Campo Arnulphi [or Champernoun] held here one fee, from whom the prior held three acres and a half in the same. There are what are still called the priory lands. But to go further back, as Robert de Cardinam was the founder of this priory in the time of Richard the First, according to Bishop Tanner in his Notitia Monastica, this must be one of the seventy knight’s fees, which the said Robert held in this county, 6th Richard I. who by consequence must then have been lord of this manor. In Domesday Book it is, by the name of Tiwardrai, numbered among the manors which William the Conqueror gave to Robert Earl of Morton, when he made him Earl of Cornwall.

Leland says of this place, Tywardreth, “A praty town, but no market, lieth a quarter of a mile from the east side of the bay; there is a parish church, and there was a priory of black monks, a cell sometime to a house in Normandy. Some say Campernulphus was founder of this priory; some say that Cardinham was founder. Arundell of Lanherne was of late taken for the founder.

“I saw a tomb in the west part of the church of this priory, with this inscription:

Hæc est Tumba Roberti filii Wilhelmi.

“This Robert Fitz William was a man of fair lands, tempore Edwardi tertii Regis Angliæ.”

The parish church and tower bear on the exterior an appearance of antiquity. Internally, much decoration was displayed, and especially by a rood-loft which has been recently taken down. These alterations of our ancient churches are justly lamented by all persons capable of admiring the beauty and imposing splendour of Gothic architecture, but they seem to have almost inevitably grown out of the change of purpose to which churches are applied. Originally, the chancel, protected by the rood loft and by a veiled entrance, was destined for the astounding miracle of repeatedly transforming bread and wine into the actual body and blood of Christ, while the outward or less sacred part of the edifice, was used for processions and scenic exhibitions; accompanied by dirges or by triumphant choruses, adapted either to the death or to the resurrection of our Saviour. In modern times, on the contrary, a room is required so constructed as to admit of whole congregations joining with an individual in prayers, or of listening to his instruction.

The monastery has so completely disappeared, that its precise locality was not remembered; but a gentleman of the neighbourhood having taken considerable pains to ascertain whatever could yet be discovered about it, made the following communication to the Gentleman’s Magazine in 1822.

“The ancient priory of Tywardreth has long been so entirely levelled with the ground, that it is not very easy even to ascertain its site. Some time ago the present vicar obtained leave to dig the ground on its supposed site in search of stones for erecting a vicarage house. The place where he made an excavation for this purpose appears to have been the east end of the priory chapel; and as some measurements were taken at the time, and I have, with the permission of the landlord, opened the ground in several places, partly with the hope of ascertaining the form of the chapel, and partly of throwing some light on its architecture, the following particulars may not be unacceptable.

“The chapel appears, so far as could be ascertained by measurement, to have been eighty feet long, by fifty-seven wide, with a semicircular end towards the east, strengthened by four buttresses of wrought Pentewan stone, two feet wide, and ornamented by four pilasters; within the shafts are a single half-column, fourteen inches in diameter. At each angle was a handsome piece of architecture, as it was described to me, of which pilasters, resembling those already described, formed a part, but with the base five inches wide, and the mouldings in proportion.

“In the vicarage garden, adjoining the west end of the chapel, a fragment of a stone arch was found, with a fleur-de-lis elegantly carved in deep relief; the same devise appears on the church stile, and in a coat of arms in one of the windows of the church, and appears from Tanner to have been part of the arms of the priory. The wall of the chapel is the south wall of the churchyard.

“The chapel was paved with beach pebbles, and was built partly of common clay slate raised on the spot; the wrought stones were of compact hard porphyry, from Pentewan Quarry in the parish of St. Austell, and hornblende from the cliff between Duporth and Charlestown in the same parish. All the carved work is executed with much skill and taste.”

Several charters granted to this monastery are preserved in Dugdale’s Monasticon. The earliest is in the 19th year of Henry the Third, A. D. 1234, as follows:

“Henricus Dei gratia Rex Angliæ, Dominus Hiberniæ Dux Normandiæ et Aquitaniæ, et Comes Andegaviæ, omnibus Archiepiscopis, &c. salutem. Inspeximus cartam Roberti de Cardinam, in hæc verba:――

“Robertus de Cardinam omnibus Sanctæ Matris Ecclesiæ filiis salutem. Sciatis me, pro Dei amore et animæ meæ salute, concessisse et præsenti carta mea confirmasse ecclesiæ sanctorum martyrum, Sergii et Bachi Andegavi, et ecclesiæ Sancti Andreæ de Tywordrait et Monachis ibidem Deo servientibus et servituris, omnes donationes et concessiones quas antecessores mei, seu quicunque fideles de feodo meo ipsis fecerint,” &c.

The seal of the convent is understood to have been a saltire, or St. Andrew’s cross Or, between four fleurs-de-lis, which accounts for the sculptures noticed above.

St. Andrew became the patron saint of Scotland, and popular throughout the whole island, after an Abbat, said to have borne the name of Regulus, had brought some of his relics to a place then called Abernethy, but where a Monastery, a University, and a city, have since arisen to commemorate the Apostle.

The priory of Tywardreth appears to have been suppressed with the other alien houses, but afterwards to have been re-established as an independent society, or made denizen according to the legal phrase, having at the time of the general dissolution the Priory of Minster attached to it as a cell, which had been originally dependent with itself on the Abbey of St. Sergius and St. Bacchus at Angiers, the former capital of Anjou, and now of the department of the Maine and Loire.

A very curious correspondence between Thomas Cromwell, Vicar-General and Vicegerent of the King’s Supremacy on the one part, and Thomas Collyns the last Prior on the other, is said to exist among the papers and documents preserved by the Arundells of Lanhearn, and of Wardour Castle in Wiltshire.[14]

In one of the letters Cromwell is understood to have complimented the Prior on the possession of every active virtue, especially as displayed in the good government of his convent; he assures him that the King is fully sensible of his merits; and in consideration of his great age and faithful services, the King out of special grace and favour would allow him not only to resign the painful office of governing such a society, but would admit of his recommending a successor.

Collyns’s answer is full of thanks to the Lord Vicegerent, and of gratitude to the King, whose approbation he esteemed above all worldly matters, and next to the conscious satisfaction of having discharged faithfully his duties towards the Almighty in the station to which it pleased God that, without any merits of his own, he should be advanced. He offered his most humble and grateful thanks to the King for the great favours profferred to him; but that, feeling his health and strength sufficient for enabling him to continue the discharge of duties which the King had approved, he owed it to his conscience not to withdraw from them.

This brought a letter from Cromwell, declaring that the horrible savour of his sins, his crimes, and his iniquities had ascended before the Lord; and that, unless he immediately relinquished an office which he had most grossly abused, an ecclesiastical commission would proceed to inquire into his misdeeds, and to punish him accordingly. This latter is understood to have produced either an immediate surrender of the priory, or Collyns’s resignation preparatory to it. He was elected in 1506, and died in 1539, as appears from his tombstone in the chancel.

The site of this priory was granted in 1542 to Edward Seymour, then Earl of Hertford, afterwards Duke of Somerset, and Protector. It subsequently became the joint property of the St. Aubyns and the Pendarveses of Roscrow. The late Lord Dunstanville inherited the latter portion, and acquired the former by purchase.

It seems that a manor of Tywardreth, which in early times must have been paramount over the others, passed from Ricardus Dapifer to the Cardinhams. Mr. Lysons says it was sold towards the latter part of the 13th century, by Isolda de Cardinham to the Champernownes, for a hundred pounds. From this family it passed to the Herles and Bonvilles, and fell to the Crown on the attainder of the Duke of Suffolk in 1554. It belonged to the family of Rashleigh, in the early part of the subsequent century; with whom it still remains, including the entire impropriation of the great and small tithes.

Menabilly has been the seat of that distinguished family for a period of at least two hundred years. At the last visitation of the Heralds in 1620, Jonathan Rashleigh of Fowey, who married Alice, daughter of ―――― Bonithan of Kertleowe, is said to be alive, having two sons. The eldest John Rashleigh, aged 34, and Jonathan Rashleigh the second. John Rashleigh, ancestor of these two brothers, in the fifth degree, is stated to have been of Barnstaple.

Individuals of this family have represented Fowey during the reign of Queen Elizabeth, Charles the First, Charles the Second, and King William; and since the accession of King George the Second, up to very recent times, scarcely a Parliament has been assembled that could not count a Rashleigh among its members.

Mr. Jonathan Rashleigh was elected Member for Fowey in 1728, and continued to represent that town in eight successive Parliaments, and in the last with his eldest son.

This gentleman married Mary, daughter of Sir William Clayton of Surrey, and died in 1764, leaving a very numerous family, all of whom have been distinguished as persons of ability, of integrity, and of honour, followers of the best advice said ever to have been given by a parent.

Αιεν αριστευειν, και ὑπειροχον εμμεναι αλλων, Μηδε γενος πατερων αισχυνεμεν.

Mr. Philip Rashleigh, the eldest brother, represented Fowey during a length of time almost equal to that of his father. He greatly improved the family seat, but especially distinguished Menabilly by placing there the most extensive and magnificent collection of Cornish minerals, enriched by others from every part of the known world, that could any where be seen. And Mr. Rashleigh has given to the public, in two thin quarto volumes, fifty-three coloured plates, with descriptions of the most choice or rare specimens. The work is entitled, “Specimens of British Minerals, selected from the Cabinet of Philip Rashleigh, with general descriptions of each article,” printed by Bulmer and Co. the first volume in 1797, and the second in 1802. At the end of the second volume is added a Geological Plate, being a section of the stream work at Porth in the parish of St. Blazey, about a quarter of a mile from high water-mark, containing the position and measurement of ten distinctly marked deposits, with subdivisions, accompanied by descriptions of each; the whole extending to a depth of 44 feet: and what adds to the value of this section, the stream work was destroyed by a very high tide about the period when the volume was published.

In addition to this scientific collection, Mr. Rashleigh constructed a grotto at some distance from the house, encrusted on the inside by some common but splendid minerals, exhibiting also the position of lodes, their heaves, their slides, &c. and this was liberally thrown open to all persons applying for admission.

Mr. Rashleigh married very late in life, and dying without children, left his ample estate to William, the eldest son of his next brother, the Reverend Jonathan Rashleigh, Rector of Silverton in Devonshire.

Mr. William Rashleigh succeeded his uncle in the representation of Fowey, but voluntarily retired from public life to enjoy domestic happiness, with the esteem and regard of every one who has good fortune to be numbered among his acquaintances.

Polkerris, a small harbour near Menabilly, as indeed is indicated by the first syllable of the name, has been improved, perhaps as a matter of fancy, by the Rashleigh family. Mr. Jonathan Rashleigh built a pier capable of giving shelter to coasting vessels and boats; and his son the late Mr. Philip Rashleigh continued a sean fishery for the benefit of the neighbourhood.

Kilmarth, which formerly belonged to a family called Baker, is also the property of Mr. Rashleigh; the house is placed on a very elevated piece of ground near the road leading from St. Austell to Fowey.

Treveryan once belonged to a branch of the Courtenays: it passed by a purchase to John Thomas, esq. by whom the house was built. Mr. Thomas devised it to the Reverend John Thomas Thomson, who died at Penzance in 1811; and the estate now belongs to his son Henry Thomson, esq. resident at Lostwithiel, a magistrate, and late a captain in the Cornwall militia.

Tywardreth measures 2967 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1813 4539 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 735 15 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 727 | 741 | 1238 | 2288 giving an increase of nearly 215 per cent. in 30 years.

This great increase in the number of inhabitants is occasioned by that parish and the neighbourhood becoming a mining district.

Present Vicar, the Rev. Thomas Pearce, presented by W. Rashleigh, esq. in 1820. The net value of the living, as returned in 1831, was 135l.

The extreme northern part of this parish, in an angular form, extends upon the granite, surrounded on all sides by the granite of Lanlivery. The remaining parts of the parish are composed of schistose rocks, which next the granite are of the porphyritic series, but become of a doubtful nature in the southern extremity; these latter belong perhaps to the calcareous series, as do also some of the rocks in the adjoining parish of Fowey. The felspathic rocks next the granite, like those of St. Austell, are metalliferous, as is proved by the important mines of Lanescot and Fowey Consols.

[14] A list of the Priors of Tywardreth, and extracts from a Calendar of the Priory, now in the possession of Lord Arundell, have been recently published in vol. III. of “Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica,” 1835.

ST. VEEP.

St. Veep is situate in the hundred of West, and hath upon the north St. Wenow, east Lanreth, south Lanteglos, west Fowey river or haven. It was the church of the Abbat or Prior of St. Carock’s monastery in this parish, for whom William Earl of Morton built and first endowed it.

In the Domesday Book 1087, this district was taxed under the jurisdiction of Lanreth. In the inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester 1294, Ecclesia de Wepe or Weep, in decanatu de West, was rated cs. In Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, £5. 0s. 6d. by the name of St. Wepe. The patronage formerly in the prior of St. Carock, now in Wrey; the incumbent ―――― Tyncomb; the rectory in possession of ―――― Wrey; and the parish rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax 1696, for one year, £229.

In this parish is the priory called Carock St. Pill, in which place William Earl of Morton and Cornwall founded and endowed an house of Cluniac monks, and dedicated the same to St. Sergius.

In this cell of St. Syriac lived that celebrated author Walter de Exeter, a Benedictine Monk 1292, as Isaack in his Memorials of Exeter calls him, with greater probability than that he was a Dominican friar, as Bale saith, or a Franciscan friar as Mr. Carew tells us (Survey of Cornwall, page 59); who, at the request of Baldwin of Exeter, writ the life of Guy Earl of Warwick, who was the son of Syward Baron of Wallingford, and married Felicia, daughter and heir of Rohand Earl of Warwick; which Guy, at the request of King Athelstan, fought a combat with Colbrand the Danish giant, and slew him, since which time his valour and conduct hath been very famous.

And Walter of Exeter for this book, and his skill in other histories, hath by Bale given him this character:――“In historiarum cognitione non fuit ultimus,” that he was none of the meanest historians of his time; though Mr. Carew saith he only deformed the history of Guy of Warwick.

The house and chapel aforesaid, except the windows, is now quite dilapidated, the burying place made a garden, and a new dwelling house erected near it with the stones thereof on its barton lands, now pertaining to the heirs of Carter and Sillye. The fee-farm rent of £5 per annum is paid to the king or prince, and is exempted from payment of tithes.

In this parish at Botowne, i. e. cow town, is the dwelling of ―――― Hawke, gentleman.

St. Veep, in the hundred of West, is bounded to the west by the river Fowey, to the north by St. Winnow, to the east by Lanreath, to the south by Lanteglos.

This is a vicarage, valued in the King’s Book, £5; the patronage in Sir Bourchier Wrey, Bart.

In anno 1201, 20 Edw. I. the rectory of this church was valued (Tax. Ben.) at cs. being appropriated to the Priory of Montacute in Somerset; but “vicar ejusdem taxatur nihil propter paupertatem.”

The chief, or at least one of the most noted estates in this parish, is

THE MANOR OF MANELY OR MENELY.

This, in the extent of Cornish acres, 12 Edw. I. is valued in twelve. (Carew, fol. 49.) In 3 Henry IV. Matilda de Hewish held half of a small fee of Mort. [Morton honour] in Manely. (Ibid. fol. 42.)

The church of this parish is situated on an elevated ridge of land, and is therefore conspicuous to a considerable distance. It contains several monuments, and in the churchyard is a memorial of Nicholas Courtenay, one of the family to whom lands in this parish, parcel of Montacute priory, were granted by King Henry the Eighth.

There are two places in St. Veep especially deserving of attention. One the site of an ancient monastery constituted on the smallest scale.

Tanner has given a list of the various names by which this little priory appears to have been called in early times. St. Syriac, St. Ciriac, St. Carricius, St. Kerrocus, St. Cyret, and St. Julette. It was a small cell of two monks only, dependent on Montacute; and being mentioned by Gervase of Canterbury, it is known to have existed at the least so early as the time of King Richard the First.

The church of St. Currie, or Karentocus, was given to the monks of Montacute by their founder.

This cell occurs but once in Pope Nicholas’s Taxation.

Prior de Sancto Karabo (or by a various reading S^{to}. Karoko) habet de redditu in decanatu de Westweleschire, et Major Tregeschire, £2.

In the valuation returned to King Henry the Eighth, and preserved in the Augmentation Office, this small establishment is said to possess a revenue of £11. 1s.

It appears to have been valued as a separate house from the parent establishment, although the return states, Cella Sancti Kaboci in comitatu prædicto, dicto Prioratui de Monte Acuto appertinens, unde Laurencius Castelton est Prior, est dative et removabile dicti Prioris de Monte Acuto.

The site was granted in the 37th of Henry VIII. as parcel of the possessions of Montacute, to Laurence Courtenay.

St. Cyric’s Creek, by which this house stood, is said to have derived its name from a saint so called, who was buried there, perhaps in the very place where the small monastery stood. The place has long since acquired the appellation of St. Cadix; it belongs to the coheiresses of the family of Wymond.

It is certainly a curious circumstance, that a work which engaged the attention and even the admiration of England for a long period of years, should have emanated in any way from a remote cell, consisting of two monks. Mr. Carew assigns 1292 for the date of this work; but Mr. Warton says, in his History of English Poetry, that a life of Guy Earl of Warwick was written by Giraldus Cambrensis, who died about the year 1220; but the history of our renowned champion has been composed in Norman French, and in old English, both in prose and in verse; moreover, the first part of the romance describing the adventures of a preux chevalier combating à la outrance to recommend himself to the favour of his lady love, is clearly by a different hand, and even of another age from the second part, which represents him deserting the idol of his affection; journeying to Palastine; and on his arrival back to England, instead of repairing to Warwick Castle, the abode and rich inheritance of his wife the Lady Felicia, retiring to a cell, and taking alms at the castle gate, on the supposition that a powerful and malignant demon, the creation of perverted imagination in those times of ignorance, and blasphemously named after the Divinity, might be propitiated by such disgusting observances, and by human misery. The monk of St. Cyric may therefore have blended, enlarged, abridged, versified, or rendered into prose the achievements of Sir Guy, and his performance may have been peculiarly suited to the taste of his age.

The second place to be noticed is Trevelyan, the original seat of the very ancient and respected family that has resided for the last three hundred years at Nettlecombe in Somersetshire, which they acquired by a marriage with the heiress of Whalesborowe. The names of Whalesborough and of Trevelyan occur among the Sheriffs of Cornwall in the time of the Plantagenets, and also together as representatives of the county; and the name of Trevelyan may be found in the same lists for the county of Somerset. It is extraordinary that of this ancient seat one half only belongs to the family. It would almost suggest the suspicion of the other part being lost from want of attention, when the intercourse between distant places was interrupted by difficulties unknown to modern travellers. Few traces remain of the ancient mansion.

Mr. Lysons notices several manors in this parish, with their descents or sales, but without any thing that can make them interesting, except perhaps the notice that a manor called Manely Coleshill formed a part of the ample estate possessed by Lord Chief Justice Trevilyan.

Mr. Howell and Mr. Rashleigh are proprietors. The advowson of the vicarage is divided, and in private patronage.

The Rev. Nicholas Every the present incumbent.

It is said that the cavalry commanded by King Charles the First was stationed at St. Veep when the infantry of the opposite army capitulated at Fowey. This station was probably selected for the purpose of preventing a retreat to Plymouth; which however the cavalry effected by passing the river some miles higher up, but not without much blame attaching to many officers on the royalist side, and especially to General Goring.

St. Veep measures 2394 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 4087 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 477 17 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 506 | 511 | 585 | 697 giving an increase of 38 per cent. in 30 years.

Net Value of the benefice in 1831, £215.

Since the above was written, Mr. Every, Vicar of this parish, and a magistrate in the prime of life, is no more.――1836.

The rocks of this parish belong to the calcareous series, and are similar to those of Lanreath and Lanteglos.

VERYAN.

Veryan is situate in the hundred of Powder, and hath upon the north Tregony and Ruan Lanyhorne, east Caryhayes, west Philley, south the British Channel.

Sure I am that in the Domesday Book 1087, this church or district was taxed under the name and jurisdiction of Elerchy, situate upon the lands of the Bishop of Bodman, now the Bishop of Exeter’s manor of Elerchy; and by the same name it was taxed in the inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester 1294, where we read Ecclesia de Elerky in decanatu de Powdre £10. vicar’ ejusdem 40s.; and in Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, alias St. Verian as aforesaid, £19; the patronage in the Bishop of Exeter; the incumbent ――――; the rectory in possession of ――――; and the parish rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax 1696, for one year, £216. 9s. by the name of Verian.

Note further, that Cæsar in his Commentaries mentions several places in Gallia, called Elerci and Aulerci, from whence this word came into Britain. Those were of four sorts, viz. Aulerci Eburorices, now Eureæ in Normandy, Aulerci Diablentres, Aulerci Cenomanni, now Mans, and Elerci Branovices.

In this parish is the dwelling by lease of Richard Trevanion, gent. captain of a foot company in the militia, that married ―――― Maunder, his father ――――, his grandfather Arundell, originally descended from the Trevanions of Tregarthin and Caryhayes, and giveth the same arms with them. His son Richard, that married ―――― Verman, was bred up in the school of Mars, under King William III. in his wars, wherein he accompanied him as captain of a foot company in all his Irish and Flanders war; and lastly, was posted to the command of Pendenis Castle in Cornwall, where he died. His son Nicholas was also bred up in the marine regiments of King William III. and afterwards had the command of the ――――, a third-rate man-of-war, and demeaned himself so well therein, in point of valour and conduct, that after King William’s death, he was knighted by Queen Anne, and is now one of the commissioners at the dock of Plymouth for the Admiralty.

In this parish also at ――――, by lease, is the dwelling of John Robins, esq. some time Commissioner for the Peace and Taxes, that married ―――― Thomas, his father ―――― Lawry, his grandfather ――――, and giveth for his arms, of a supposed allusion to his name, Argent, a fess nebulé, between three Robin Red-breasts Proper; whereas, robin in Cornish is Robert in English, and roobron is red-breast.

In the Domesday Book are taxed also the vokelands of two other manors, which I take it are now dismembered and situate in this parish, viz. Treviles, or Trefilies, and Govile.

Veryan is in the hundred of Powder, and is bounded to the west by St. Just, [by Gerrans,] by Philleigh, by Ruan Lanyhorne, and by St. Cuby, [by Ruan Lanyhorne and the Fal,] to the east by St. Ewe and St. Michael Carhays, to the south by Gerrans and the sea [rather by the sea only, Gerrans being only west and south-west].

The name of this parish is a corruption, or rather abbreviation of St. Symphorian, of which name there are two; one, saith Mr. Willis (Not. Parl. vol. II. page 119), “born (as the Legenda Aurea tells us) in Augustinum, the head city of Burgundy, where he suffered martyrdom on the 22d of August, about the year 270.” The other [Mr. Willis’s own words are these, “though besides this person, I find mention made of another St. Simphorian, in Leland’s Collectanea, vol. I. a martyr, buried with St. Wolfran a Bishop at Grantham, to whose memory that church is dedicated. This St. Wulfran’s festival [was] celebrated the 15th of October.” (Note, that in many fines, records, &c. this parish is called Sancta Symphrogia, or Simphrosia, who was wife to Getulius, a rich citizen of Rome, and suffered martyrdom with him and seven of her sons at Rome, A. D. 136, under Adrian. See Le Seur, Hist. de l’Eglise et l’Empire, vol. I. page 516).

This church is a vicarage, valued in the King’s Book, £19; the patronage in the Dean and Chapter of Exeter; the incumbent Mr. Fincher; the sheaf in Mr. Richard Kempe of Tregony, by lease [from Mr. Weston, who had a lease transmitted, I believe, from his father, Bishop Weston]; who resigning in 1734, was succeeded by Mr. Question.

But the antient name of this parish was Elerky, and so it is still called in the King’s Book, as it is too in Taxatio Benefic. 20 Edw. I. “Ecclesia de Elerky 10 lib. vicar’ ejusdem, xl. solid.” from the great

MANOR OF ELERKY.

In Domesday Book it is called Elerchi, which signifies the swan’s house or swannery; for Elerk in Cornish is a swan, and there are the remains of a large pool under the house, which seems to have been designed to that end.

It is in the said book inserted among the manors given by William the Conqueror, to his half-brother Robert Earl of Morton and Cornwall.

Francis Tregian, esq. among the rest of his estates, forfeited his half of this manor.

The original name of this parish was the same with the name of the manor Elerchi, or Elerky; that the appellation of the manor in Domesday Book, this in the present time, and both derived from the manerial house. This house stood upon a rising ground, nearly opposite to the church, and on the west of it, which is now covered with several houses of a mean condition, and yet marked as something considerable to the eye, by a grove of tall trees upon it. The great house, which the ancestors of these trees shaded, has been long down, I suppose; and the mean houses on the ground have been constructed of the poorest remains of it. It was bounded on the south by the lane leading down to its own mills, still called Elerky Mills, and distinctively noted as higher and lower; and on the east and north by its lively brook, without a name, that divides the glebe from the manor, then environs the house, and finally runs to the two mills below. The manor is accordingly noticed so late as the 5th of Charles the First, to have two mills within it. These mills even now proclaim their original relation to each other, by the restrictions which the higher is under to the lower, in not being able to keep up the water from the other, beyond a certain space of time. And the house thus environed by the brook could not have been very small, as it was the mansion of a district, which in the 12th of Edward the First was reckoned at forty-two acres, when so many are valued in much less, and when so few are valued in more; but whence is the original name of this house derived? Mr. Tonkin derives it from Elerk (C.) a swan, and makes Elerky to signify the swannery, adding, that “there are the remains of a large pool under the house, which seems to have been designed to that end.” In all that part of antiquarian researches where the eye is to be assisted by the imagination, and the past to be collected from the broken appearances of the present; every active and lively mind is apt to cry out against the creative fancies of the antiquarian poet, and to exclaim in the language of Shakspeare,

――――As imagination bodies forth The form of things unseen, the Poet’s pen Turns them to shapes, and gives to airy nothing A local habitation and a name.

But this spirit of exclamation should be checked. What depends in any degree upon imagination, may by minds without imagination be easily turned into ridicule. What is only to be inferred by slow and painful collation of circumstances, will be ridiculed at once by those who are too brisk to be slow, and too lively to take pains. And the very ingeniousness of antiquaries themselves, will at times be a snare to them also, by inducing them to cut short the labour of investigation, to ridicule the dull laboriousness of conjecturing industry, and to leap over the difficulty which it will not take the trouble to remove. On the whole, therefore, I think Mr. Tonkin’s etymology of Elerky to be the only one which is easy and natural, and his reference to “remains of a large pool under the house,” to be sufficiently grounded. There has evidently been something of the kind there. A little dam below would easily make one now. The remains were probably more in Mr. Tonkin’s time than they now are. And these corroborating, and corroborated by the positive import of Eala, (I.) Alarch (W.) and Elerk, Elerchy (C.) a swan, and the undoubted signification of the latter when thus combined Elerch Chy (C.) for a swan’s house, compel us to adopt the etymon.

But this name has been entirely superseded in popular use by the name of the saint. So much was the spiritual patron of a church considered and talked of, that his name was used to the total neglect of the other. But who was the saint of this church? Symphorian, says Mr. Tonkin; and Mr. Tonkin is right. It seems odd indeed to suppose such a corruption of a name as this; Symphorian changed into Veryan. But we see in Leland, (Itin. ii, 112), that the parish of Trevenny at Tintagel in this county, “is of S. Symphorian, ther caullid Simiferian.” This is exactly in point. Symphorian was called in this parish, as well as in Trevenny, Simiforian or Simiferian, in order to accommodate it more to our liquified pronunciation. It would then be sure to be abridged soon, for the more rapid pronunciation of it, by leaving out the first half of the name, and taking only the last, just as Elizabeth is popularly abbreviated into Bet. The name would thus be Phorian, Ferian, Voryan, or Verian; as we have an estate in the parish before, denominated Tre-Veryan, and as the ordinary appellation of the parish is St. Veryan in a record above, and in common conversation Veryan. And the time of observing the parish feast coincides with all, and confirms it; Symphorian, of Autun in Burgundy, having suffered martyrdom the 22d of August; and the feast in honour of his martyrdom being observed accordingly. Eight years ago the feast was agreed, for the sake of the harvest, to be postponed one month; as, upon the same principle, the memory of the parishioners says, it had been previously postponed one fortnight. It is now kept on the first Sunday in October, was previously kept on the first in September, and originally on the third Sunday in August.

Nor can the name of St. Symphrogia, or Simprosia, which is said to occur as the title of the parish “in many fines, records, &c.” be any thing else than a corruption of St. Symphorian. And as a full evidence, I find the picture of St. Veryan and his wife were within memory to be seen in the eastern window of the church.

The square tower of Veryan church appears from its position on the side of the church, and at the south-western end of the chancel, to have been an addition to the church. After the lord had deserted Elerkey for Ruan, the lord’s chapel was lengthened out into a belfry, with a tower over it. The architecture of this tower seems to a passing eye different from that of the church itself. And within, I doubt not, evident traces will appear on examination, of the posteriority of the tower to the church.

There is very little to add respecting Veryan. Mr. Lysons states that the manor of Elerkey, which gave its secular name to the parish, now lost in that of the patron saint, belonged with Ruan Lanihorne to the family of Archdeknes, from them it passed to the Lucys and Vaux, &c. and that it was finally purchased by the late Mr. Francis Gregor in 1790.

The Dean and Chapter of Exeter have the great tithes, and they are patrons of the vicarage; and, what is perhaps without example in reference to so fluctuating a body, three successive vicars have stood in near relationship to each other. The Reverend Mr. Mills was succeeded by his son-in-law the Rev. Jeremiah Trist, and Mr. Trist by his son, the Rev. S. P. J. Trist, who was instituted in 1829. The net income of the benefice in 1831 was £339.

In the charter of William Earl of Morton, founding his priory of Montacute, among the endowments is the following: “Et in Cornubia Ecclesiam de Lerky,” which cannot be any other than Veryan, by its original name.

The late Mr. Trist built a very excellent house on his own land adjoining to the glebe.

Veryan measures 4864 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 6625 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 1255 12 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 1007 | 1082 | 1421 | 1525 giving an increase of 51½ per cent. in 30 years.

This extensive and interesting parish is entirely situated within the boundaries of the calcareous series. The prevailing rock is a blue argillaceous slate, the surface of which, when perfect, is either glossy and irridescent, or finely striated: it alternates with several kinds of massive or coarsely lamellar rocks, into which it gradually passes. These rocks present the following varieties: a fine grained rock abounding in scales of mica; a variety of greenstone or cornean quartz rocks; and dark-coloured limestone.

This suite of rocks offers many objects worthy of a minute inquiry, far beyond the limits of these short notices.

A very excellent account is given of the Veryan limestone by S. J. Trist, esq. in the first volume of the Transactions of the Geological Society of Cornwall.

Mr. Trist says,

The limestone occurs on the coast at Pendower Beach, and may thence be traced for a mile and a half inland.

It comes to the surface, in three different places, nearly equidistant from each other, but at different elevations, the most inland being probably a hundred and twenty, or thirty feet above the level of the sea. In each instance it creeps out at the brow of a hill, and no where appears in the vale below, where it would seem originally to have stretched across the valleys, but to have been subsequently carried away, together with the accompanying matter, by diluvian action.

In breadth it extends over a superficies of 350 yards, but alternates with an argillaceous schist, the lime itself never exceeding three feet in thickness, and that only in the upper beds of the strata. The lime scarcely amounts altogether to one eighth of the whole mass.

According to an analysis made by the Rev. William Gregor, a good specimen of this stone consists of about nine parts in ten of carbonate of lime.

Mr. Trist then gives a comparative statement of the results from calcining this limestone, and the well-known limestone of Plymouth, that 200 Winchester bushels of lime from the kiln, provincially called shells or foreright lime, are produced from 11 tons of the Veryan limestone, by the consumption of 46 Winchester bushels of culm, more universally known as Welsh stone coal; but that 14½ tons are required of the Plymouth limestone to give the same quantity of lime from the kiln, with the consumption of 56 bushels of culm, which would make the Plymouth limestone inferior to that of Veryan, in about 32 per cent. as to quality, and about 22 per cent. more in regard to fuel. As a cement, its quality is remarkably good. Small spherical masses of oxide of iron occur in great abundance; they are, in the opinion of Mr. Gregor, pyrites in a state of decomposition, the sulphur having escaped.

The colour of the rock is blue, and it is frequently traversed by veins of calcareous spar.

In the schist which immediately reposes on the limestone, mica appears in considerable abundance, and the whole is strongly impregnated with lime. It is of a soft crumbling nature, decomposing on exposure to the atmosphere, and in that state it is much esteemed as a manure.

The floor on which the lime rests (probably the whole alternating formation) is an argillaceous schist, with veins of manganese, which have been partially wrought.

Mr. Greenough has laid down on his map a broad line extending about E. N. E. from Gerrans and Veryan, crossing St. Blasey Bay and ending near Looe, with the inscription, “calcareous matter along this line”.

WARBSTOW.

Warbstow vicarage is in the hundred of Lesnewith, and hath upon the north Jacobstow, east Tremayne, south Trenegles, west Davidstow.

In the Domesday Book this district was taxed under the name and jurisdiction of Treveliad, now Trevelian.

This church was not endowed at the time of the first inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester, 1294, and therefore not named therein. It now goes in consolidation and presentation with Trenegles, and is also taxed together with it. The patronage in the Duke of Cornwall; the incumbent Wood; the rectory in possession of ――――.

Warbstow, in the hundred of Lesnewith, hath to the west Otterham, to the north Jacobstow, to the east part of Devonshire and Tremain, to the south Davidstow and Trenegles.

The true name of this parish is St. Warbury-stow, St. Warbury’s Place, from St. Warbury alias Warburg. She was the daughter of Wolpher King of Mercia, son to the famous Penda. The church celebrates her memory the 21st of June, a holy virgin, to whom Leofrick dedicated a church in Chester, which Hugh Lupus, the first earl of Chester of the Norman blood, repaired and granted to the monks, and it is now the cathedral there. [N. B. a Saxon Saint in Cornwall, introduced by the Saxons on their early settlement on this eastern and detached part of Cornwall.] This [church] is now attached to Treneglos, and passes in the same presentation; the present incumbent being Mr. Charles Porter.

In this parish is a noble fortification, which perhaps might give occasion of dedicating it to such a Saint as carried it with it such a warlike sound [or, as the fact assuredly is, the fortification was called Warborough, and the parish from it, Warborough-stow or Warbstow. W.] I measured, and took a more particular view of it than I had formerly done, this present year 1731.

This part of Cornwall abounds in military antiquities, but it has been far less carefully examined than other districts of the county; judging from the present aspect of the country, one is induced to wonder that camps or fortresses should ever have been established there, or that stationary armies could by possibility have received support.

The Editor recollects having seen the entrenchment many years ago; that it struck him as much resembling the Roman works in Dorsetshire; and as being of dimensions far more extensive than those of the usual earthworks in Cornwall.

St. Walburge, the patroness of this parish, was the daughter of St. Richard, a King of the West Saxons, who is said to have died at Lucca in the year 722, on his way as a pilgrim to Rome.

His daughter having become a nun in the monastery at Wimbourn Minster, was permitted by the Abbess Testa to depart with several other females who had taken the vows, for the purpose of assisting her relation St. Boniface in his conversion of the Germans, and in establishing the angelic life among the women of this country.

Crediton in Devonshire had the honor of St. Boniface’s birth about the year 680, and Exeter has to boast of his education under the pious Abbat Wolphard. At about twenty-six years of age he undertook the conversion of Germany, but was driven back by the war of Charles Martel. He was, soon after his return, elected Abbat of Nutcell, a place subsequently destroyed by the Danes, and never restored; he left this high situation, however, and, fortified by the Pope’s blessing and encouragement, he went a second time into Germany, where he succeeded to so great a degree as to found the Archbishopric of Mentz; to receive a plenitude of power with the gift of a pall from Rome, so as to establish Bishoprics at his discretion; and with an alteration of his name, which from an unfortunate association in the English language, seems to us very contrary to what was intended. The original name of the primate, the apostle of Germany, was Winfrid, but that sounding neither sufficiently soft nor harmonious in Teutonic ears, Boniface was substituted in its place.

The saint is distinguished by an invention perfectly singular within the period of authentic history; he enriched the alphabet with an additional letter, the (w) double u.

Having ascended to the pinnacle of terrestrial glory, he at last obtained the crown of martyrdom through the medium of an ignorant mob excited by the priests, whose craft he had destroyed.

Little is recorded of St. Walburga except the general piety of her life and the miracles performed by various minute subdivisions of her relics, which sufficiently attested her beatitude. There is a church dedicated to St. Walburga at Bristol.

The great tithes of this parish are in the Eliot family. The vicarage is in the gift of the Crown, being annexed to Treneglos.

Mr. Lysons says, that the chief manor in this parish, called Fentrigan or Ventrigan, belonged to the Priory of Tywardreth, and that it was one of those given to the Duchy of Cornwall in exchange for the honour of Wallingford. Another manor called Donneny or Downniney belonged to Oto Colyn, who died possessed of it in 1466, and has since passed through the families of Champernownes and Arscotts to that of Molesworth.

Warbstow measures 3557 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 1727 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 241 16 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 330 | 323 | 439 | 481 giving an increase of 45½ per cent in 30 years.

The rocks of this parish are similar to those of the adjacent parishes of Otterham and Tremaine.

WARLEGGON.

Warleggan or Warleggon rectory is situate in the hundred of West, and hath upon the north Temple, east St. Neot, south St. Pineck, west Cardinham.

In the Domesday Book 1087, this place was distinguished and taxed by the name of Cabell-an, id est, the chapel, (ab-Capella-an, Cornish Latin) or Neot’s-ton, and at-Cabillian, now Cabilla, i. e. the chapel in this parish tempore Henry III. and Edward I. Petrus filius Ogeri tenet quadraginta acras terræ per serjantiam in Cabillian, in com. Cornub. per unam capam de gresenge, in adventum dicti Regis in Cornubiam, i. e. a grey cape coat with a cape or capouch.

At the time of the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester into the value of Cornish Benefices 1294, Ecclesia de Warliggan was rated xxs. In Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, Warliggan was valued 5l. 17s. 6d. The patronage is in Gregor, in right of his manor of Warliggon; the incumbent Trigg; and the parish is rated to the 4s. per pound Land Tax of one year, by the name of War-liggan, 55l. 4s.

Tren-Gove, alias Tren-Goffe, in this parish, synonymous words signifying a stout, strong, robust, or courageous smith, so called for that some such mechanic person heretofore lived in this place, or was lord thereof, gave name and original to an old family of gentlemen, from thence surnamed de Trengoffe, according to Verstegan’s rhyme, by me set down under Angove in Illogan parish:

“From whence came Smith, let him be Lord or ’Squire, But from the smith that forgeth in the fire?”

One of whose posterity sold those lands to Tubb, in whose issue it remained for several descents; till by them sold to Parker, whose son or grandson sold the same to John Trengoff, alias Nance, Esq. now in possession thereof, some time Commissioner for the Peace and Taxes; a younger branch of those Trengoves or Trengoffs that sold this barton to Tubb aforesaid, and were so transnominated from living at Nance in Illogan, whereof they had a lease. This gentleman married Chester, his father Heale; and giveth for his arms, Argent, a cross hammed (i. e. couped) Sable.

Worleggon, in the hundred of West, hath to the west Cardenham, to the north Temple, to the east St. Neot’s, to the south Bradock.

As for the name, I take it to be an abbreviation of Warth-la-gan, the higher place on the downs, or the higher downy place, which will agree very well with the situation of this church and parish, which lies high, and mostly coarse ground, though some of it be now much improved. [War Le Gan, upon the down, forms a nearer etymon. W.]

This is a rectory, valued in the King’s Book £5. 18s. 6d. the patronage in Francis Gregor, Esq.; the incumbent Mr. Daniel Bandry; [who was succeeded by Mr. Samuel Gurney, of Tregoney. W.]

In an. 1291, 20 Edw. I. this church was valued (Tax. Benef.) at xxs. having never been appropriated.

THE MANOR OF WARLEGGON,

[Which gave name to the parish, and took it from its own house, being built upon a down. W.]

Mr. Lysons states, that the manor of Warleggon, carrying with it the advowson of the rectory, has been long in the Gregor family. Another manor of the same name, belonging to the Corytons, was purchased by John Trengove, otherwise ―――― Nance, Esq. in the year 1680, from whom it has descended to James Wyard Gooch, Esq. of Orford in Suffolk.

The manor of Carborro or Carburrow has been for a considerable time in the family of Arscott Bickford, Esq. of Deansland in Devonshire.

The church and tower of this parish suffered most severely from lightning so recently as in the year 1818, when on Saturday the 14th of March, according to the accounts then published, the tower was almost shivered to pieces, and a part falling on the church, nearly destroyed the whole interior, as well as the roof.

The improvidence and carelessness of mankind, in respect to contingent dangers, more especially when they are unconnected with individual interest, is not in any instance more manifestly displayed than in what regards precautions against the tremendous effects of lightning. Tower after tower has been struck in the county of Cornwall, and scarcely one is provided with a simple metallic rod, which would obviate all danger; and, more astonishingly still, vessels of war, with hundreds of persons on board, and merchant vessels, laden with the richest cargoes, are allowed to proceed on voyages, exposed to the danger of utter destruction from this cause, on account of a reluctance to incur an expense almost imperceptible in the general outfit, if no value were placed on human life. On this subject the reader may be desired to consult the writings of William Snow Harris, Esq. F.R.S. of Plymouth, one among the distinguished natural philosophers of modern times.

Warleggon measures 1807 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 1,127 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 175 16 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 166 | 228 | 296 | 274 giving an increase of 60 per cent. in 30 years. Present Rector, the Rev. D. Clements, instituted 1833; the net income of the living in 1831 was £125.

This parish, like the adjoining and parallel parish of Cardinham, commences in the northern part on granite, and in proceeding southward gradually passes from rocks of the porphyritic series into those of the calcareous series.

WEEK ST. MARY.

Week St. Mary is situate in the hundred of Stratton, and hath upon the north Marhamchurch, west Jacobstowe, south North Pendyrwyn, east Tamerton.

In the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester 1292, Ecclesia de Wi-Wyke, in decanatu de Trigmajorshire, was valued cvis. viiid.

In Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, by the name of Wike St. Mary, £17. The patronage was formerly in ―――― that endowed it, now alternately in Rashleigh and ――――; the incumbent ――――; and the parish rated to the 4s. per pound Land Tax, 1696, for one year, by the name of Wike St. Mary, £170. 11s. 6d. It is called Wike St. Mary (to distinguish it from St. Mary Magdalen’s church at Lanceston), this being dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, as its tutelar guardian.

This Wike St. Mary was the birth-place of that famous minion of fortune and example of charitable benevolence Thomasine Bonaventure. Whether so called from her success in worldly affairs, or from her ancestors, is altogether unknown to me; most certain it is she was born of poor parents about the year 1450, tempore Henry VI. but not so poor but that her father had a small flock of sheep that depastured on the wastrell of Wike St. Mary downs or moor, whereof she was the shepherdess, (see Carew, p. 282, Lord Dunstanville’s edition,) who on a certain day in that place doing this office, it happened that there passed by a London mercer or draper that traded in this country, who was going to visit his customers in those parts, and gather up such monies as there were due from them to him for such wares as he sold. This gentleman, at first sight, observing the beauty of Thomasine, desired to talk with her, and, after some discourse, found her discreet answers suitable to the beauty of her face, much beyond her rank and degree. Then inquiring into her circumstances, as to her riches, and understanding that she was poor, and she likewise inquiring into his wealth, and where he lived, which was as aforesaid; whereupon he told her, if she would go to London and reside with him as a servant, he doubted not but it would be very conducive to her wealth and preferment.

Thomasine replied, that she was under the guardianship of her father and mother, and that she could not accept his proposal without their consent; but if they were made acquainted therewith, and approved thereof, and he appeared to them to be such a person as he pretended, she knew nothing to the contrary but that she might embrace his offer.

Whereupon this Londoner forthwith applied himself to her parents, and gave verbal assurances, that if they would permit their daughter Thomasine to go to London, and become a servant to him, she should not only have good wages and be well used, but in case he happened to die while she was with him, he would so effectually provide for her that she should not have occasion to try the friendship of any other person afterwards; and to strengthen those his proposals, he produced some of his acquaintance and debtors in those parts, who satisfied her parents as to his reputation and integrity for performance of what he promised.

Upon which report Thomasine’s parents consented to his request, so that soon after she was conveyed or carried up to London, and entered as a servant in this gentleman’s house, when she demeaned herself very well, to the good liking of himself and family; when it so happened that in a few years after, this tradesman’s wife sickened of a mortal distemper and died, and some time after Thomasine and her master were solemnly married together as husband and wife, who then, according to his promise, endowed her with a considerable jointure in case of her survivorship; and about two years after, having no issue, he died; and by his last will and testament further made her his sole executrix, leaving her a rich widow whom he took a poor servant.

This dower, together with her youth and beauty, procured her to the cognizance of divers well deserving men, who thereupon made addresses of marriage to her, but none of them obtained her affection but only Henry Gall, an eminent and wealthy Citizen of London, to whom, after he had made another augmentation of jointure in case of her survivorship, she was accordingly married, and lived in great amity and reputation with him as a wife for some years, till in fine this Mr. Gall sickened of a mortal distemper whereof he died, and left Thomasine a richer widow than he found her, aged about thirty years.

After which the fame, virtue, wealth, and beauty of the said Thomasine spread itself over the City of London, so that persons of the greatest magnitude for wealth and dignity there courted her; and amongst the rest it was the fortune of John Percivall, Esq. to prevail with her to become his wife; after which it happened that he was chosen Carver at the table of the feast of Sir John Collet, Knt. Lord Mayor of London, the 2d of Henry VII. anno Dom. 1487, at which time, according to the custom of that City, Sir John drank to him in a silver cup of wine, in order to make him Sheriff thereof for the year ensuing (in conjunction with Hugh Clopton, Esq.); whereupon he covered his head, and sat down at the table with the Lord Mayor of London, and was accordingly one of the Sheriffs thereof. Afterwards, in 14 Hen. VII. 1499, the said John Percivall, was elected Lord Mayor of London, and knighted by that King, at which time Thomas Bradberry and Stephen Jenings were Sheriffs thereof.

By this gentleman our Thomasine had a third augmentation of jointure and wealth, together with the title of Dame or Lady, which she lived many years to enjoy after the death of Sir John Percivall, Knight. After which, Dame Thomasine, having no child by either of her three husbands, spent the remainder of her days, till about the year 1530, when she died, in works of piety and charity; as repairing highways, building bridges, endowing or providing funds for poor maids, relieving prisoners, feeding and apparelling poor people, with her treasure and riches; and especially in this parish of Wike St. Mary, where she was born, she founded a chantry and free school to pray for her soul, the souls of her father and mother, her husbands and relatives. To this chantry and school she added a small library, with a fair house for lodgings for the schoolmaster, and chanters or singing men, and others, parts of which are yet extant; and endowed the same with £20 lands for ever. In which place, during the latter part of the reign of Henry VIII. many gentlemen’s sons, both in Cornwall and Devon, had their education in the liberal arts and sciences, under one Cholwell, a good linguist, as Mr. Carew saith.

But, alas! afterwards, in the Parliament of the fourth of November, first of King Edward VI. 1550, all colleges, free chapels, chantries, fraternities, and guilds, throughout this kingdom, being dissolved and given to that King, this chantry and free school underwent with others the common downfall, and its revenues vested in the Crown, from whence it passed to ――――, now in possession thereof.

There are two fairs kept yearly in this parish on the 8th of September and the 10th of December.

The church is situated on an eminence, and is therefore conspicuous at a considerable distance in all directions; it is large, and built in the usual manner of western churches with three aisles of equal height; but the tower is so lofty as to exceed in height (according to report) any other in the county, even those at Probus and St. Mabyn.

The church town is large; and the inhabitants preserve a shadow of former traditionary importance by electing an annual mayor, who used at least to receive some voluntary obediences from his townspeople in the settling of small differences between them.

The etymology of the prefix Week seems to be less obscure than most other additions to proper names. Week is in Cornish literally, sweet, an epithet frequently applied to female Saints.

An alms, Sir Priset! the drooping pilgrim cries, For sweet St. Mary and your Order’s sake.

To St. Agnes.

Then cast, sweet Saint! a circle round, And bless from fools this holy ground.

These lines are from modern compositions, but made in imitation of others much older.

St. Mary Week is, therefore, sweet or beloved St. Mary; indeed Treweek is known to mean sweet, beloved town or village. The Saxon wick is never, I believe, lengthened into week.

Mr. Lysons says,

The church town is in all ancient records called the borough of Week St. Mary, and the occupiers of certain fields are still called burgageholders.

The ancient manor of Week St. Mary appears to have been merged in that of Swannacot, which belonged to the late Lord Dunstanville by inheritance from his great grandmother, heiress of the Heles.

The manor of East Orchard Mauvais was purchased from Mr. Dennis Rolle by the late Sir John Call.

There is a place near the church town called Castle Hill, believed to be the site of an ancient fortress.

The advowson of the rectory belongs to Sidney-Sussex College in Cambridge, having been given to that Society in exchange for another immediately connected with his residence by Lord Carteret, who inherited the disposal of this preferment from the family of Grenville.

Week St. Mary measures 5,167 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 3,012 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 367 11 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 566 | 612 | 782 | 769 giving an increase of 36 per cent. in 30 years. Present Rector, the Rev. Walter Gee, presented by Sidney-Sussex college in 1821; net value of the living in 1831, £388.

The rocks of this parish are of the same nature as those of Poundstock and Jacobstow.

WENDRON.

This parish has been already described under the name of Gwendron, in the second volume.

ST. WENN.

St. Wenn is situate in the hundred of Pider, and hath upon the north St. Breock, east Withiell, south Roach, west St. Colomb Major; but whether named from its tutelar guardian and patron, Sanctus Wina, or Wena, the Bishop of Winchester, anno Dom. 660, translated to London anno Dom. 666, who died 670; or from Anwena or Unwena, Bishop of Dorchester, anno Dom. 786, I know not.

This place is that San Vene, or Wena, taxed in the Domesday Book, and the only church or district in all that book in Cornwall to which was added the pronoun Saint, of which I have spoken elsewhere. In the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester into the value of Cornish Benefices, Ecclesia de Sanct. Wenne in decanatu de Pidre 1294, was rated at vil. xiiis. iiiid. Vicar’ ejusdem xiiis. iiiid. In Wolsey’s Inquisition, 1521, £16. 6s. 8d. The patronage was formerly in the Prior of Bodman, who endowed it; afterwards, when that Priory was dissolved, in the Crown; from whence it passed to Prideaux of Netherton, by him sold to Rashleigh, now in possession thereof. The incumbent Bedford; the rectory in Rashleigh; and the parish rated to the 4s. per pound Land Tax, 1696, for one year, £126. 4s.

About the year 1663, the tower and bells of this parish church were struck down with thunder and lightning, and broken to pieces in a stormy night, and a great part of the roof of the church broken in.

(Here is another deficiency in the manuscript.)

And in particular those lands to the Lord Botreaux, by whose heir it passed in marriage to Hungerford, from Hungerford to Hastings, from Hastings to Edgecomb, from Edgcomb to Parkinge, from Parkinge to Vivian of Truan, from Vivian to Hals (the writer hereof), now in possession thereof.

Of this family was Michael de Tregury, a man of great learning, made first governor or professor of the University founded at Caen in Normandy by King Henry V. He was afterwards by him made Archbishop of Dublin, where, after twenty-two years’ residence, he died, 1471, and lies buried in St. Patrick’s Church there, with this bold epitaph:

Præsul Metropolis Michael hic Dublinensis Marmore tumbatus, pro me Christum flagitetis.

i. e. Michael, the Metropolitan Bishop of Dublin, lyes under this marble tomb, for whome Christ shall earnestly intreate or desire.[15]

Lan-cor-la, in this parish, was formerly parcel of the manor of Ryalton, the Prior of Bodman’s lands, who endowed this church upon part of the said manor’s lands, with a considerable glebe, at least eighty statute acres of ground.

This little barton of Lancorla was anciently the voke lands of a considerable manor, now all dismembered, held, by the Records of the Exchequer and Carew’s Survey of Cornwall, page 46, by the tenure of knight’s service.

It is now by lease in the possession and dwelling of the writer hereof, from Sir Jonathan Trelawny, Bart. Sir John Seyntaubyn, Bart. and Sir George Cary, of Clovelly, knight, as heirs to Jenkin of Trekeninge, to whom it came by purchase from Botreauxes and Parkinge’s heirs and assigns.

This manor of old contained fifteen Cornish acres of land, before dismembered tempore Edward I. that is to say, 638 statute acres, and was privileged with the jurisdiction of a Court Baron or Leet, and had a steward or bailiff pertaining thereto as dependant on Ryalton aforesaid.

Checkenock, now Killignock (S. T.) in this parish, was another district taxed in the Domesday Book 1087, from whence was denominated an old family of gentlemen surnamed de Killignock, where they flourished in good fame for many generations, till the time of Henry VIII. when the only daughter and heir of Thomas Killignock was married to Richard Nanskevall, alias Typpet, of St. Colomb, which marriage brought these lands into his possession, where for three or four descents his posterity flourished in genteel degree, till the latter end of the reign of King Charles II. when Matthew Typpet, Gent. that married Ringwood, of Braddock, having encumbered his estate with much debts, sold this place and the manor of Borlace Varth to Mr. Joseph Hawkey, his attorney-at-law, to pay costs in defence of actions brought against him by his creditors; and his other lands to Bligh, Vivian, and Hals, the writer of these lines, and left his son and heir a beggar. The arms of Typpet, ―――― three tippets, as I remember.

Tre-with-an, in this parish, i. e. the Tree Town, or Town of Trees, tempore Henry IV. was the land of Stephen de Trewithan, who held in this place and elsewhere, by the tenure of knight service, 25 Edward III. £20 per annum in lands of Barkley’s manor of Tremore (Survey of Cornwall, p. 52), from whose posterity, tempore Queen Mary, it passed by sale to Renphry, whose son sold it, tempore James I. to Parkings, whose great-grandson Francis Parkings is now in possession thereof. The arms of Parkings are, in a field ―――― three pigeons ――――.

In this parish stands Damelsa Castle, a treble entrenchment of earth on a high mounted bank or hill, on the south side of, and contiguous with, Damelsa House and lands. Probably it was erected before the Norman Conquest, to resist the incursions of the Danes, since those three rampiers consist of rude stones and earth after the British manner, as a hedge, not a wall. (See Castle an Dinas, in St. Colomb). For after the Conquest aforesaid, castles in England were generally built of lime and stones after the manner of the French. Probably it was demolished tempore King Stephen or King Henry II. when, many hundreds of those castles by their decree were pulled down in this island, as our chronologers all tell us.

In this parish, at Treganatha, i. e. the Spinster’s Town or dwelling, is held annually a fair or mart on St. Mark’s day, April 25, and another on August 1.

St. Wenn is in the hundred of Pider, and hath to the west St. Colomb Major and St. Ennodor, to the north St. Breock, to the east Withiell, to the south St. Roche. This parish takes its name from St. Wenna, its female patroness.

This is a vicarage, valued in the King’s Book £16. 6s. 8d. The patronage in Philip Rashleigh, Esq. the incumbent Mr. John Bedford.

In an. 1291, 20 Edward I. the rectory here was valued (Tax. Ben.) at vil. xiiis. iiijd. being appropriated to the Abbey of Tewkesbury in Gloucestershire; and the vicarage at xiiis. iiijd.

The manor of Borlase, id est, the green summit or rising [as Bar Glas or Las (C.)] This lordship was given by King William II. surnamed Rufus, to ―――― Lord of the Castle of Palfer in Normandy, ever since which his posterity have flourished here and at Treluddero, &c. in great esteem, by the name of Borlace (V. Upton de re militari). [N. B. This is a singular, perhaps a single, instance of a Norman or Saxon family assuming a Cornish name. Indeed I suspect it not to be true; and what is more certain, that species of apples which in Cornwall we call a Borlase, and more commonly a Treluddera, pippin, appears plainly to have taken its name from this family and that place, and serves as a good opening for explaining all those other names of apples which are merely Cornish in themselves like this. WHITAKER.]

It seems that Great Skewish, in this parish, belonged to a family of that name, one of whom was an author at a period so early as the reign of Henry the Sixth, when he compiled an abridgment of the Chronicles and the Wars of Troy; but in all probability the work has never been printed, since it is not noticed by Warton; nor is the author’s name to be found in the catalogues of our public libraries.

But the glory of this parish is Michael Tregury, Archbishop of Dublin.

Six or seven years ago, my attention having been drawn to this individual, who may justly be considered an honour to Cornwall, I applied to the Very Reverend J. R. Dawson, Dean of St. Patrick’s, through his brother the Right Honourable George Robert Dawson, when the Dean most kindly and liberally supplied me with a drawing of Archbishop Tregury’s tomb, as it is restored by the celebrated Doctor Swift, and furnished me with all the particulars known of my distinguished countryman.

I procured a wood engraving to be made of the drawing, and sent it, with whatever I could collect of Tregury, to the Gentleman’s Magazine, a reprint of which will here be inserted:

[Illustration: SEPULCHRAL EFFIGY OF ARCHBISHOP TREGURY, IN THE CATHEDRAL OF DUBLIN.]

Mr. URBAN, Tredrea, Cornwall, March 2, 1831.

You will much gratify me, and, I may venture to add, many other correspondents, by inserting in your most excellent repository, which has now survived one century with a spirit and vigour that give promise for its continuing through another, some particulars of an individual sprung from this county, who must have been a man of talent and of learning sufficient for adding lustre to any origin; but who is now almost entirely forgotten, his family having long since become extinct, and the records of the University, of the Church, of the Diocese, and of the Province over which he presided, having in great measure perished in the devastations of the civil war, and especially of those aggravated by religious dissensions.

Mr. Lysons, in his History of Cornwall, states, that in the parish of St. Wenn is situated Tregury, Tregurra, or Tregurtha, the seat of a family so called, of whom was Michael de Tregury, Archbishop of Dublin, who died in 1471. The last heir male of the elder branch of this family died in the reign of Henry the Fifth, leaving three daughters coheirs, who sold this barton to the family of Botreaux, from whom it passed successively, by inheritance or sale, through the families of Hungerford, Hastings, Edgcumbe, Parkins, and Vivian, to Mr. William Hals, who wrote the Parochial History of Cornwall, and resided here in the latter part of his life. The estate, now called Tregotha, is the property of Thomas Rawlings, Esq.

This brief notice of the Archbishop scarcely made any impression on my mind beyond a mere recollection of the circumstance, when a Cornish gentleman informed me that he had observed a monument to this Prelate in the Cathedral at Dublin. I then took the liberty of applying, through Mr. Dawson, Member for the County of Londonderry, to his brother the Dean of St. Patrick’s, who not only gave me every information and reference that is known to exist, but also a drawing of the monument, of which I have sent a wood engraving.――Since this was engraved, I have seen a tracing tracing from an old drawing in the possession of Sir William Betham, Ulster King at Arms, which shows that the sides of the original altar-tomb were adorned with trefoil-headed arches rising from short pillars.

It appears that few records are extant of the Prelates and Dignitaries of Dublin prior to the Reformation, in places where they might most reasonably have been expected to be found; and the monument itself would have perished but for the care and attention of the celebrated Doctor Jonathan Swift, who, with the Chapter, exactly a hundred years ago, rescued it from a dilapidated chapel, and carried the monument to its present situation in the Cathedral.

Michael Tregury attained his reputation for learning at the University of Oxford. He was Junior Proctor in the year 1434, under which Anthony Wood gives the following notice of him in his “Fasti.” He “was now Fellow of Exeter College, and about these times Principal of several Halls successively that stood near to the said College. But the King, having a special respect for him (being now accounted the utmost ornament of the University), made him Prefect or Governor of [the College at] Caen in Normandy, lately erected by King Henry the Fifth of England; which office he performing with singular applause, became at length, through divers preferments (of which the Deanery of St. Michael of Pencryche[16] was one) Archbishop of Dublin in Ireland.”

The foundation of the College or University of Caen, is again mentioned by Wood in his Annals, under 1417. In consequence, he says, of discontents regarding preferment and tithes, “the corruptness of provisions, and especially the wars between England and France, many dispersed themselves to other places. And because Normandy, Angiers, Poyctou, Aquitaine, Bretagne, Gascoigne, and other places that were subject to the Crown of England, could not for that reason exercise their Scholastical Arts at Paris publicly and without murmurings, they receded to Caen in Normandy,[17] and studied there, which place Henry the Fifth, of England, made an University, causing one Michael Tregorie, an Oxford Doctor, sometime Fellow of Exeter College, to be governor and reader there, to the end that the doctrine of the University of Oxford might dilate itself and take root in those parts.”

The following memoir is extracted from Ware’s History of Ireland, vol. I. p. 359:

“Before the close of the same year (1449), Michael Tregury, a native of Cornwall, and Doctor of Divinity of the University of Oxford, was consecrated Archbishop of this See. He was a man of such great eminence for learning and wisdom, that in the year 1418, King Henry the Fifth invited him over to Caen in Normandy, to take upon him the government of a College, which that Monarch had then founded in the said city; to whom he joined, out of the Mendicant Friars, learned professors in all sciences.[18] There he is said to have discharged the trust committed to him with great applause, both by his public prelections and writings. A catalogue of his works may be seen in Bale and Pits. At last, upon the death of Talbot in 1449, he was promoted to this See by a papal provision, and was the same year, on the 10th of February (English style), restored to the temporalities by King Henry the Sixth, whose Chaplain he was: [But was obliged to submit himself to the King’s favour, and renounce every clause in his Bull prejudicial to the Crown.[19]] He was called into the Privy Council immediately, and had twenty pounds per annum[20] granted him by the King, pro sano consilio, for giving good counsel, as his predecessors, Archbishops of Dublin, who were of the Council, had; and in 1453 King Henry the Sixth, for securing an arrear of two years and a half, and the growing salary, granted him a custodium on the manor of Tassagard, and the town of Ballachise, parcel thereof, to continue during the time he should be Archbishop of Dublin.[21]

“In certain Annals ascribed to Dudley Firbisse, there is a mention made under the year 1453, that an Archbishop of Dublin was taken prisoner at sea. I must leave the passage to the credit of the Annalist, not having met any hint of it elsewhere. There is extant in the Black Book of the Archbishop of Dublin (p. 82), a copy of a Bull of Pope Pius the Second, dated the 23d of November 1462, and directed to the Bishop and Archdeaconry of Ossory, commanding them to pronounce excommunicated, Geofrey Harold, Thomas and Edmund his sons, Patrick Birne, Thady Sheriff, Thomas Becagh, Robert Burnell, and other laymen of the city and diocese of Dublin, for laying violent hands on this Prelate, and committing him to prison; and that they should keep them under excommunication until they went to Rome for absolution, with the testimonials of the Bishop and Archdeacon. The reason of this insult is no where mentioned, that I can find. He repaired the manor house of Tawlaght, and died there in a very advanced age, on the 21st of December 1471; having governed this See about twenty-two years. His remains were conveyed to Dublin, attended by the clergy and citizens, and buried in St. Patrick’s Church, near St. Stephen’s altar [as he had directed by his will], where heretofore might have been seen a specious monument, adorned with his statue, of elegant workmanship, on which are inscribed the following verses, penned without the aid of the Muses:

‘Præsul Metropolis Michael hic Dubliniensis Marmore tumbatus, pro me Christum flagitetis.’

And at the head of the statue,

‘Jesus est Salvator meus.’

“This monument was found under the rubbish in St Stephen’s Chapel; the cover of it was preserved by the care of the Rev. Dr. Jonathan Swift, Dean of St. Patrick’s, and the Chapter, who in the year 1730 fixed it up in the wall, on the left hand, as you enter the west gate, between the said gate and the place where heretofore the Consistory Court was held; and they have placed this inscription over it: ‘Vetus hoc Monumentum, è ruderibus Capellæ Divi Stephani nuper instauratæ erutum, Decanus et Capitulum hùc transferri curaverunt, A.D. 1730.’

“The will of this Prelate, dated the 10th of December 1471, is extant among the manuscripts in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin (B. 52), whereby he deviseth his two silver gilded saltsellers (salsaria) with their covers, to make cups for St. Patrick’s, to serve in divine offices. He also bequeathed his pair of organs to the said Church, to be used at the celebration of divine service in St. Mary’s Chapel. ‘I devise also (says he) that William Wyse, whose industry for this purpose I choose, shall in my stead visit with a decent oblation St. Michael’s Mount in Cornwall, which by vow I am bound to perform either by myself or proxy;’ and also orders him to give some largesses towards building the neighbouring churches near where his friends dwell.

“The registry[22] of the Dominican Abbey in Dublin gives an account, that above fifty persons went out of the Diocese to Rome in 1451, to celebrate the jubilee then held under Pope Nicholas the fifth, and that this prelate gave them recommendatory certificates to the Pope; that seven of the number were pressed to death in the crowd, besides what died in their return. This squares with the relation given by Mathias Palmerius, in his additions to the Chronicle of Eusebius, ‘That there was so great a concourse of people from all parts of the Christian world at this jubilee, that at Hadrian’s Mole almost two hundred perished in the press, besides many who were drowned in the Tiber.’ They who returned sate in 1453, brought the melancholy news, that Constantinople was taken by the Turks, and the Emperor Constantine Palæologus slain. Our Archbishop was so afflicted at the account, that he ordered a fast to be kept strictly throughout his diocese for three days together, and granted indulgences of an hundred years to the observers of it; and he himself went before the clergy in procession to Christ Church cloathed in sackcloth and ashes.”

The works of Tregury are thus noticed by Pits, in his volume “De illustribus Angliæ Scriptoribus:”

“Multa scripsisse perhibetur, quæ Gallis inter quos vixit vel Hibernis apud quos obiit, magis quàm Anglis e quibus natus est, nota esse poterunt. Hos tamen paucos titulos sequentes invenio:

Super Magistro Sententiarum lib. iv. De Origine illius Studii lib. i. Quæstiones Ordinarias lib. i. Contra Henricum Albrincensem lib. i. Yours, &c. DAVIES GILBERT.

De Restitutione Temporalium Archiepiscopatus Dublinensis.

[Rymeri Fœdera, tom. xi. p. 260.]

Rex Cancellario nostro, vel ejus deputato, seu Custodi Magni Sigilli nostri in terrâ nostrâ Hiberniæ, qui nunc est vel qui pro tempore fuerit, salutem. Cum dominus Summus Pontifex, nuper vacante ecclesiâ metropolitanâ Dublinensi, per mortem bonæ memoriæ Richardi ultimi Archiepiscopi ejusdem loci, dilectum Capellanum nostrum Magistrum Michaelem Tregorre, sacræ theologiæ professorem, in Archiepiscopum illius loci præfecerit et pastorem, sicut per literas bullatas ipsius domini Summi Pontificis nobis inde directis nobis constat, Nos, pro eo quòd idem Archiepiscopus omnibus et singulis verbis in dictis literis bullatis contentis nobis et Coronæ nostræ prejudicialibus coram nobis renunciavit, et gratiæ nostræ humiliter se submisit, volentes cum eo agere gratiòse, cepimus fidelitatem ipsius Archiepiscopi, et temporalia archiepiscopatûs illius, prout moris est, restituimus eidem; et ideo vobis mandamus quòd eidem Archiepiscopo, seu ejus in hac parte attornatis, deputatis, seu procuratoribus, temporalia prædicta infra terram prædictam, cum pertinentiis, per brevia nostra inde in cancellariâ nostrâ terræ nostræ prædictæ, tot et talia quot et qualia sibi in hac parte necessaria fuerint, seu quomodolibet opportuna, sub magno sigillo nostro ejusdem terræ debitè conficienda deliberari demandetis, habenda in formâ prædictâ, cum suis juribus et pertinentiis universis. Teste Rege apud Westmonasterium, decimo die Februarii.

Et mandatum est militibus, liberis hominibus, et omnibus aliis tenentibus de Archiepiscopatu prædicto infra terram nostram prædictam, quod eidem Michaeli tanquam Archiepiscopo et domino suo in omnibus quæ ad Archiepiscopatum prædictum pertinent, intendentes sint et respondentes, sicut prædictum est. In cujus, &c. Teste, ut supra.

Pro Archiepiscopo Dubliniæ.

[Rymeri Fœdera, vol. xi. p. 325.]

Rex omnibus ad quos, &c. salutem.

Sciatis quòd, cùm venerabilis in Christo pater Michael Dublinensis Archiepiscopus habere et percipere debeat viginti libras per annum, de nobis pro suo sano consilio utilitatem et politicum regimen terræ nostræ Hiberniæ concernente, nobis impenso et impendendo tempore quo Archiepiscopus ibidem extiterit, prout ejus prædecessores, Archiepiscopi loci prædicti, ac de consilio nostro et progenitorum nostrorum Regum Angliæ existentes, habere solebant de nobis et progenitoribus nostris prædictis pro hujusmodi consilio suo,――dictoque nunc Archiepiscopo summa quinquaginta librarum, de dictis viginti libris annuis (videlicet, a quarto die Novembris, in anno regni nostri vicesimi-noni usque quartum diem Februarii in anno regni nostri tricesimi-primi, scilicet per duos annos integros et unum dimidium annum, per quod tempus ipse venerabilis pater Archiepiscopus Dublinensis extitit, et sanum suum consilium ad utilitatem terræ nostræ prædictæ impendit,) per nos debita jam existat,――volentes eundem Archiepiscopum tam de dictâ summâ quinquaginta librarum contentari, quàm de viginti libris annuis hujusmodi, pro tempore quo ipsum Archiepiscopum ibidem fore contigerit percipiendis et habendis, ipsum Archiepiscopum securiorem fieri et reddi, de gratiâ nostrâ speciali ac de mero motu et certâ scientiâ nostris, commissimus eidem nunc Archiepiscopo custodium manerii sive dominii de Tassagard cum pertinentiis, necnon villæ de Ballachize, parcellæ manerii prædicti, cum pertinentiis, in manu nostrâ certis de causis existentium, habendum et tenendum eidem Archiepiscopo, unà cum proficiis, commoditatibus, curiis, juribus, emolumentis, et pertinentiis suis quibuscunque, per totum tempus quo ipsum Archiepiscopum Dublinensem fore contigerit, reddendo inde nobis per annum, pro custodiâ prædictâ, durante tempore illo, ad Scaccarium nostrum in Hiberniâ, tales et tantas denariorum summas, de qualibus et quantis nobis pro custodiâ manerii et villæ prædictorum cum pertinentiis modo responsum existet; et ulteriùs volumus et præfato Archiepiscopo concedimus quòd ipse centum solidos annuatim de denariorum summis, quæ per ipsum Archiepiscopum de custodiâ prædictâ deberi contigerint, in manibus suis propriis habeat et retineat, quòdque ipse dictam summam quinquaginta librarum inde sic levaverit, perciperit, et in manibus suis retinuerit.

Et insuper quòd ipse Archiepiscopus annuatim, durante toto termino prædicto, quo ipse Archiepiscopus ibidem et de consilio nostro fuerit, de hujusmodi denariis, de custodiâ prædictâ nobis per ipsum Archiepiscopum debendis et extunc proveniendis, in manibus suis propriis habeat et retineat viginti libras per annum, habendas, percipiendas, et retinendas in satisfactionem dictarum viginti librarum per annum, quas ipse Archiepiscopus pro consilio suo prædicto de nobis per tempus prædictum percipere debet, quamdiù ipse Archiepiscopus Dublinensis extiterit, pro sano suo consilio nobis impendendo; et ulteriùs concedimus præfato Archiepiscopo quòd ipse, in solutione dictarum denariorum summarum et custodiæ prædictæ, ad Scaccarium prædictum de omnibus hujusmodi summis, quas ipse Archiepiscopus, prætextâ harum literarum nostrarum patentium, habuerit, perciperit, aut retinuerit, de tempore in tempus, debitam habeat deductionem et allocationem; aliquo statuto, actu, ordinatione, sive restrictione in contrarium factis, editis, seu provisis, sive aliquâ aliâ re, materiâ, vel causâ non obstantibus. In cujus, &c. Teste Rege apud Westmonasterium, nono die Maii [1453].

Per Breve de Privato Sigillo.

St. Wenn measures 3,858 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 2963 0 0 Poor Rates in 1831 228 5 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 358 | 452 | 589 | 649 giving an increase of 81 per cent. in 30 years. Present Incumbent, the Rev. R. P. Gilbert, instituted in 1810.

The rocks of this parish resemble those of the northern half of St. Columb Major.

[15] Mr. Hals has very inaccurately translated the last words of the second line. The Archbishop requests the readers of the Epitaph earnestly to entreat Christ for himself.

[16] The Deanery of Penkridge in Herefordshire was not, however, an early preferment of Tregury, it having been annexed to the see of Dublin as early as the reign of King John.

[17] “Jo. Rous, in lib. de Regibus, MS.”

[18] “Pits, de Script. 663.”

[19] See the act of restitution of his temporalities, at the close of this letter, p. 148.

[20] By Sir George Shuckburgh’s Tables, printed in the Philosophical Transactions for 1798, this sum would be equal to almost six and a half times as much as the same nominal sum at the commencement of the present century; that is, 130l. a year.

[21] See the letters patent hereafter, p. 149.

[22] Ware’s MSS.

WHITSTONE.

Whitstone is situate in the hundred of Stratton, and hath upon the north part of Bridgerule and Marhamchurch, west Wike St. Mary and Tamerton, south Werrington and St. Stephen’s.

In the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester 1294, Ecclesia de Witeston, in decanatu de Trigmajorshire, was valued at £4. 6s. 8d. In Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, £14. 11s. 0½d. The patronage in the Bishop of Exeter, who endowed it; the incumbent Tregena or Hosken; and the parish rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax, 1696, for one year £124. 12s. 6d. tempore William III.

The barton of Benett, in this parish, was formerly the seat of George Heale, esq. Sheriff of Cornwall, 4 and 5 of Charles I. that married ――――; as also of Edmund Hele, esq. his son, Sheriff of Cornwall, 22 Charles I. whose son dying without issue, those lands and much other descended to his daughter Lucy, the wife of John Basset, of Tehidy, esq. now in possession thereof. The name Hele, Heale, is Saxon English, and signifies the same as hell in British, viz. a hall, either of a dwelling house or refectory, or a place of judicature or prætorium, a tabernacle or a tent.

The arms of Heale are Gules, a bend lozengy Ermine.

Whitston is in the hundred of Stratton, and hath to the west St. Mary Week, to the north Marhamchurch and Bridgerule, to the east the river Tamar, between it and Devon, to the south Tamerton.

The name of the parish is derived from a white rock, on which part of the church is founded. It is a large white stone in the south side of the church; the part which appears is of an oval form. This account I had from Mr. Nicholas Hoskins, jun. and vicar of Boyton, son to the rector of this.

In anno 1291, 20 Edw. I. this church was valued (Tax. Benef.) at £4. 6s. 8d. having never been appropriated.

This church is a rectory, valued in the King’s Book, £14. 11s. ob.; the patronage in the heirs of Sir John Arundell; the incumbent Mr. Nicholas Hoskins.

THE MANOR OF WHITESTONE.

This, in Domesday Book, is called Witestan, being one of the manors given by William the Conqueror to Robert Earl of Morton, when he created Earl of Cornwall the said Robert.

In the extent of Cornish acres, 12 Edw. I. (Car. f. 48), this, by the name of Wilston and St. Petnell (St. Petronel, I suppose), is valued in two.

The 3 Henry IV. (Idem, f. 40 b.) John de Cobbeham held one fee in Wiston and Serpeknol, which I take to be the same with the former, only wrong spelt.

[The name of the parish is not derived, I apprehend, from any white stone on which the church is founded. From the very description here given of it, it could never have given name to the church itself. Only “part of the church is founded” on it. Nor is this part “founded” on it. There is only “a large white stone in the south side of the church;” and this is plainly built up in the side, as it is said to be “of an oval form.” The reference of the name to this stone, therefore, has been merely the idle play of intellect, in those who in antiquarian matters did not know how to exert their understandimg seriously. The real name of the church is “St. Petnell, St. Petronel, I suppose.” The church then could not give name to the parish. And the parish actually received its name from the manor, as the manor received it from its manerial house, this being built upon a white rock, that very rock assuredly from which the white stone in the wall of the church had been brought. W.]

The church and tower of this parish, like several others in the north-eastern part of Cornwall, are fine objects in themselves, and are placed on commanding situations.

There are several monuments to former residents and proprietors in the parish. Among these is one to the memory of George Hele, of Bennetts, esq. who died in 1652, and of his son Warwick Hele, who died in 1650. The family of Hele had resided for many generations at Bennetts, which came into the Basset family in the latter part of that century, by the marriage of John Basset, esq. of Tehidy, with Lucy Hele. Their great-grandson, the late Lord Dunstanville, was in the habit of visiting Bennetts for several weeks at a time. This place had been leased for lives to a respectable family of the name of Webbe, probably soon after it came to Mr. John Basset.

The advowson of the living belonged to the Arundells of Lanherne and Wardour, who sold it about fifty years ago; and, after passing through various hands, it came to the Rev. John Kingdon, who is also the incumbent, instituted in 1793. The net value of the living in 1831 was £231.

Whitstone measures 3429 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 1832 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 205 13 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 345 | 397 | 466 | 481 giving an increase of 40 per cent. in 30 years.

Whitstone, like all the other parishes in this division of Cornwall, is situated on the calcareous series, more particularly on the compact schistose varieties of dunstone.

ST. WINNOW.

St. Wennoe is situate in the hundred of West, and hath upon the north Braddock and Cardenham, west the Foye river or sea, south St. Veepe, east Lanreth.

In the glass windows of this church, the Patron Saint is called after the Latin St. (Sanctus) Winotus, but further knowledge of him I have not.

In the Domesday Book 1087, this district was taxed by the name of Tre-vocar-Winoe. In the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester, 1294, Ecclesia de Sancto Winotho was valued lxs. In Wolsey’s Inquisition 1521, it was rated 5l. The Patronage in ; the incumbent Laurence; the rectory in possession of ――――; and the parish rated at 4s. per pound Land Tax, 1696, for one year, £210. 8s. 8d.

In this parish is a chapel of ease dedicated to St. Nectan, vulgo vocat. St. Knighton, or Nighton, whose revenues in the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester 1294, were thus rated, Capella de Nectan, in decanatu de West, vs. This Nectan was born in Devon about the year 940, a man of singular piety and holiness, as most of those days afforded, who lived a monkish or eremitical life, at Hartland, in Devon, where he died about the year 1010. After his death his relics (see Rawlegh’s Relicta Nomen viri) were enshrined and set up in the same little chapel where he served God there; in which place Githa, wife of Godwin Earl of Kent (or rather Goditha his daughter, afterwards married to Edward the Confessor), as Malmesbury informs us, 1030, built and endowed a monastery of secular priests, which might marry wives; valued at the suppression, 26 Hen. VIII. at £350 per annum; and the reason of this her pious foundation is said to be, for that she was fully persuaded that her husband, Earl Godwin, escaped the danger of a shipwreck in a raging tempest at sea by his merits and intercessions.

Galfrid de Dynham, Lord of Hartland, was a great benefactor to this monastery, and changed the Secular Priests into Black Canons Augustine, who were prohibited marriage by their rule. See the Monasticon Anglicanum, tome II. p. 285, concerning Nectan and Hartland.

This barton and manor of St. Winow gave name and original to an old family of gentlemen, from thence surnamed de St. Winow, of which family was that Philip de St. Winow, who had £20 lands and upwards in this place, held by the tenure of knight service, 25 Edward III. 1352 (Survey of Cornwall, p. 52,) from whose heirs it passed by descent or purchase about Henry VIth’s time to ―――― Upton, which Upton was originally descended either from the Uptons of Upton and Colombton, or Lupton, in Brixham parish, in Devon, whose elder brother’s estate passed by his daughter and heir in marriage to the Wingfields; as also the estate of this Upton of St. Winow did by marriage with his daughter and heir to William Lower, esq. of Trelaske, in Lawanack, Sheriff of Cornwall 16 Henry VIII. 1525. William Lower, esq. his son, or grandson, was Sheriff of Cornwall 20th of Elizabeth; he married one of Reskimer’s heirs, and had issue Nicholas Lower, esq. afterwards knighted, Sheriff of Cornwall 8 Charles I. Sir Nicholas married ――――, and had issue one only daughter, that became his heir, and was married to Sir William Drummond, knight, who had issue by her two daughters that became his heirs; the one married to Charles Trevanion, of Caryhayes, esq. and to ―――― Roper, esq. now Lord of this place in fee. The possession by lease in Stephen Robins, esq. Sheriff of Cornwall about the year 1700, who married ―――― Robins, his father William of Probus, and giveth for his arms the same as Robins of Verian.

Tethe, in this parish, alias Eade or Ethy, was the seat of some of the Courtneys of Boconnock, from whose heirs it passed by purchase, as I am informed, to John Trevill, esq. Sheriff of Cornwall 18 Charles II. whose three daughters and heirs carried those lands, together with themselves, in marriage, to Burthog, Savery, and Arscott; but Arscott’s lady dying under age, he purchased this barton and manor of Tethe, or Ethy, from Burthog and Savery, whose younger son Denis Arscott, esq. Sheriff of Cornwall 4th King George, was then in possession thereof.

Tre-vego, alias Tre-vega, in this parish, that is to say, the town upon the top of a stiff hill or precipice, according to the natural circumstances of the place, is the dwelling of Warwick Hankey, esq. barrister-at-law, that married Jane, daughter of Giles Risdon, of Babeleigh, esq.

In this parish stands Lar-an Bridge, i. e. the Floor Bridge.

The tutelar saint of this parish is St. Winnocus (Moreri’s Dictionary, vol. I. voce Bergh St. Vinoc), who was born in Armorica, or Little Britain, and having associated himself about the year 680 with St. Bertin, Abbat of Sithien, established a monastery at a place in Flanders, and died there the 6th of November 717, which place has been once called from him Bergh St. Winnox, a town being built there and surrounded with walls in 950; since that it has been regularly fortified, belongs to the French, and is about four miles from Dunkirk.

This is a vicarage, valued in the King’s Book at £5.; the patronage in the Dean and Chapter of Exeter; the incumbent Mr. Thomas Laurenc.

In 1291, 20 Edward I. this church was valued (Tax. Benef.) at cxs. being appropriated to the Chapter of Exeter; and the chapel of St. Nectan at vs.

The Church of St. Winnow is beautifully situated on the eastern bank of the river, at its most beautiful part, between Lestwithiel and Fowey. The church, with its tower, are fine objects as seen from the river, which does not yield in this spot to the Dart itself. The Church contains several monuments.

The vicarage house and glebe partake of the splendour of the scenery; and during the life of their late proprietor, the Reverend Robert Walker, were among the most attractive spots in Cornwall. Mr. Walker, possessed of strong abilities, had an ardent desire to discharge all the duties attached to him as a clergyman and as a country gentleman, in a manner the most beneficial to all with whom he had any concern; in the relations of private life he was equally estimable; and as a most decisive proof of his real merits and high deserts, it may be truly said, that, although he was induced on principle to take a strong part in politics, he had not a single personal enemy.

The chapel, dedicated to the Recluse of Hertland, has still divine service occasionally performed in it, although it does not form any practical division of the parish.

The history of Ethy has been brought down to the period immediately preceding its possession by the Edgecumbe family; the house has been occupied of late years by several gentlemen, and especially by one who has done honour to the nation by his naval and military services, and to Cornwall as a private man. Admiral Sir Charles Vinicombe Penrose distinguished himself on so many occasions, that to enumerate them all would be to write a life. Two, which do not relate immediately to the more obvious features of the military profession, may, however, be selected.

In the year 1797, when the navy of England underwent the greatest disgrace it has ever experienced, by the prevalence of a mutiny which threatened our safety as a country, this excellent officer preserved his ship in due subordination.

In the year 1814, when the Duke of Wellington invaded France from the Pyrenees, and his passage was disputed across the Adour, Admiral Penrose, uniting to scientific acquirements the skill and the bravery of an English seaman, constructed a bridge of boats where it was thought impossible to place them, and thus greatly contributed to the success of this important part of the combined attack.

In the Parliamentary Edition of the Taxatio Ecclesiastica of Pope Nicholas IV. p. 145, the entries respecting St. Winnowe are as follow:

£. s. d. Eccl’ia de S’c’o Winnico 2 10 0 Vicar’ ejusdem 1 0 0

This parish measures 5,501 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 4304 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 603 14 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 671 | 782 | 906 | 1048 giving an increase of 56 per cent. in 30 years. Present Vicar, the Rev. Percival Frye, who succeeded the Rev. W. Molesworth in 1834, on the presentation of the Dean and Chapter of Exeter. Mr. Molesworth had been instituted in 1816. The clear value of the benefice in 1831 was £197.

The rocks of this parish are similar to those of the adjoining parishes, Broadoak, Boconnoc, and St. Veep.

WITHIEL.

Withiel is situate in the hundred of Pider, and hath upon the north St. Breock, east Lannyvet, south Roach, west St. Wenn. As for those names, they are synonymous in Cornish, and signify in that phrase, a place of trees, which heretofore it was; and is so called, for that this church is situate upon the manor of Withell Goose, i. e. Tree Wood, or a place heretofore consisting in its voke lands of a wood of trees (neither is it altogether destitute of wood and trees to this day, though within the memory of man, much of them have been cut down for buildings and charcoal there, and all the parish over).

At the time of the Norman Conquest, this district was rated in the Domesday Book by the name of Ber-neves (still the voke lands of a manor in this parish, of which, see more under), as also Trenant or Trenance. In the inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester into the value of Cornish Benefices, Ecclesia de Withell, in decanatu de Pider, was rated at £4. In Wolsey’s Inquisition, 1621, £10. The patronage was formerly in the Prior of Bodman, who endowed it out of his manor of Withell Goos aforesaid; which lands and patronage, when that Priory was dissolved, fell to the Crown, from whence it passed to Glanvill of Killivor; from Glanvill to Vivian of Truan; from Vivian of Truan, by marriage of his daughter, to Vivian of Trelowarren, now in possession thereof; the incumbent ―――― Wood; and the parish rated to the four shillings per pound Land Tax 1696, for one year, tempore William III. £18. 4s. 2d.

Thomas Vivian, Prior of St. Pedyr at Bodmyn, Bishop of Megara, a city of Achaia in Greece, on the borders of Attica, built the rectory house in this place, as appears from his paternal coat armour, and that of the arms of Megara bishoprick, lately extant in the glass windows thereof, tempore Henry VII. and VIII.

Bor, Ber, or Bur-nevas or Nefas, is still the voke lands of an ancient dismembered manor, taxed as aforesaid, otherwise Buro-neves.

Tre-nance in this parish, i. e. the valley town, or town in the valley, was also rated in the Domesday Book 1087, as then the voke lands of a manor, which place gave name and original to an old family of gentlemen surnamed de Trenance, one of which family married Littleton’s heir, and afterwards removed to Lanhydrock, whereof they were lords, tempore James I. when Littleton Trenance, esq. sold that barton to the Lord Robartes, as a younger branch of this family, living at Black Haye in this parish, sold Trenance to Mapowder; and Mapowder sold it to Bone; Bone gave it to Harris of St. Stephen’s; and Harris sold it to Hawkins, now in possession of part thereof. The other moiety of this little barton of Trenance, is in possession of the Arundells of Lanherne.

John Trenance of Black Haye, gent. had issue by ―――― ―――― only three daughters, married to Elford of Roach or St. Dennis, Buckingham of Probus, and Randolph of this parish; the which Mr. Elford is now in possession thereof [who sold it to Pomery his son-in-law, who leased it to Mr. Trewerne, Rector of Withell.[23]]

The arms of Trenance, out of a supposed allusion to their name, after the Latin, is taken as a corruption of Tre-ensis, i. e. three swords; whereas, Trenance is the name of a local place, and signifies as aforesaid, and Try-clothes, Try-glodes, is three swords.

Bryn, i. e. a hill or lofty place, tempore Edward IV. was the lands of Beare of Killygarth, by whose daughter and heir it came in marriage, together with his other lands, to Peter Bevill, a younger branch of Gwarnack house; whose son, Sir William Bevill, dying without issue male, his brother, Philip Bevill, became his heir; who had issue only one daughter named Elizabeth, which was married to Sir Bernard Grenville of Stowe, knight, in whose issue by her, the name, blood, and estate of this Bevill is terminated. The which Sir Bernard, and his lady big with child, for health and diversion residing at Bryn aforesaid, the said lady happened to fall into childbirth, and there was well delivered of her first-born son, who afterwards was baptised at the font by the name of Bevill; which afterwards proved to be that famous and renowned though unfortunate hero, Sir Bevill Grenville, knight, slain at Lansdowne in Somerset, on the part and behalf of King Charles I. against the parliament army.

Bryn is still the lands of Grenville, and by lease in possession of Robins, who as I have heard, hath since purchased the fee thereof from Grenville’s heirs.

Withiel is in the hundred of Pider, the manor and manorial house, I believe, being denominated only from the personal name of its owner, Withiel.

In anno 1291, 20 Edward I. this church was valued (Tax. Ben.) at £4. being appropriated to the Priory of Bodmin.

This is a rectory, valued in the King’s Book £10.; the patronage in Sir Francis Vyvyan, Bart.; the incumbent Mr. Richard Trewren, who succeeded Mr. William Wood in 17――.

The 12 Edward I. this manor, in the extent of Cornish acres, was valued in fifteen. (Carew, fol. 46 b.)

Withiel does not present any thing in addition to what has been said of it.

Mr. Lysons does not give any information of the least interest respecting property in the parish. The larger portion belongs to the Vyvyans of Trelowarren, as well as the advowson. A younger brother of that family, the Rev. Vyal Vyvyan, is the present incumbent, and this gentlemen has greatly improved the house.

There is a monument in the church to the Reverend Richard Trewren, his wife, and two daughters, one the widow of Mr. Ustick of Pendavey, which place he sold to the Molesworths of Peranrow. Mr. Trewren was a brother of the family of Tredreva in Constantine: he married Catherine Davies, a sister of the Editor’s grandfather.

This parish measures 2,517 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 2,109 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 72 5 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 283 | 299 | 339 | 406 giving an increase of 43½ per cent. in 30 years. Present Rector, the Rev. Vyell Francis Vyvyan, presented by his brother Sir R. R. Vyvyan, Bart, in 1825. The net income of the living returned in 1831 was 324l.

This parish has the same geological structure as St. Wenn, to which it adjoins.

[23] This is a more recent insertion.

ZENNAR.

Zennar is situated in the hundred of Penwith, and hath upon the north the Irish sea, north-east Tywidneck, south Maddarne. For the name, if it be compounded of Sen-nar, it signifies Holy Pool or Lake; otherwise, if it be a corruption of Se-nar or Seynar, English Cornish, it signifies the sea lake, or creek of the sea; and the church is situated in a valley near the sea, with a rivulet of water flowing by it.

At the time of the Norman Conquest, this district was taxed under the jurisdiction of Trenwith, or of Alvorton. When the first inquisition into the value of Cornish Benefices was made, this church was not endowed, if extant; however, in Wolsey’s Inquisition (1521), it was rated by the name of Zennor or Sennor £5. 5s. The patronage in the Bishop of Exeter. This parish was rated to the four shillings in the pound Land Tax in 1696, for one year, at £86. 10s.

This church, I take it, was endowed by the Prior of St. Michael’s Mount, and was formerly wholly impropriate. This parish is comparatively scattered all over with stones and rocks of great bigness; yet amongst those are found very many fertile plots of ground for corn, grass, and barley, as also many tin lodes, tending to the great profit of the farmers and tinners thereof.

In this parish are the ruins of an old free chapel called Chapel Jane, that is the narrow chapel.

Zennar is in the hundred of Penwith, is bounded to the west by Morva, to the north by the main ocean, to the east by Tawednack, to the south by Madderne.

This parish takes its name from its tutelar saint.

This is a vicarage, valued in the King’s Book £5. 5s. the patronage in the Bishop of Exeter; the incumbent Mr. Oliver.

This parish is beautifully situated, mainly consisting of a belt nearly a mile wide, between the sea on one hand, bounded by high and rocky cliffs, and on the other hand by a chain of granite mountains.

The belt of land, including the church town, is very fertile, particularly abounding in milk and honey, which we early learn to consider as proofs of the most abundant soil.

The church and tower are neat and plain, and it is probable that Mr. Hals’s conjecture respecting its ancient dependence on St. Michael’s Mount, may be correct, since one or more of the bells are said to bear an inscription declaring them the gift of the prior of the Mount.

Mr. Tonkin says, that the name is taken from a patron Saint, but no such saint can be found; and the parish feast is kept on the nearest Sunday to the 6th of May, when the festival is observed by the Church of Rome, in commemoration of the virtual martyrdom and miraculous preservation of St. John the Evangelist; when, by the order of Domitian, he was cast into a caldron of boiling oil before the Latin or Lateran Gate of Rome, where the church of St. John Lateran has since been built, the chief sacred edifice in Rome previously to the construction of St. Peter’s, and celebrated for the assemblage of various general councils of the Catholic Church, thence denominated Councils of Lateran. It is probable, therefore, that this parish may be under the protection of the divine and beloved Apostle.

Towards the western extremity of the parish a bold promontory stretches out into the sea, called Trereen Dinas, but in recent times, from some fanciful resemblance, the Gurnet’s Head. This is by much the finest and most romantic point on the north side of the Land’s End, and it would rival the promontory nearly opposite to it on the south, called by the same name, Trereen Dinas, or Castle Trereen, if that were not composed of granite and crowned by the Logging Rock; while in Zennar the sea shore and the cliffs are every where green stone, surrounding the granite.

For a description of this headland, see the Second Volume of the Transactions of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall, p. 200. The Editor was so much struck with the appearance of this bold formation, that he purchased the manor of Treen and Baswedneck chiefly for the purpose of acquiring the property of a mass of rocks so geologically interesting.

The impropriation of the great tithes belongs to George John, esq. of Rosemorron, and of Penzance.

Zennar measures 3,647 statute acres. Annual value of the Real Property, as £. s. d. returned to Parliament in 1815 2,137 0 0 Poor Rate in 1831 187 5 0 Population,――{ in 1801, | in 1811, | in 1821, | in 1831, { 544 | 671 | 715 | 811 giving an increase of 49 per cent. in 30 years. Present Vicar, the Rev. W. Veale, collated in 1824 by Dr. Carey, the Bishop of Exeter. The net income of the living, as returned in 1831, was £179.

The greater part of this parish is situated on granite, which presents the varieties common to the Land’s End district. The northern part, in the form of an irregular band, consists of schistose rocks, with the exception of a small patch a little to the north of the church, and another which extends from Polmear Cove to the western boundary of the parish. These slates are for the most part felspathic, and, at their points of junction with the granite, exhibit some beautiful illustrations of granitic veins in the slate.

Note, that Penzance, by a mistake, is not numbered among the parishes [nor is Tregoney]; so that the real number of them must be 204 [or rather 205].

GENERAL REMARKS ADDED HERE BY MR. WHITAKER.

It is stated by Carew:

Fol. 8. “They [the Cornish Tinners] maintaine these workes [“two kind of Tynne workes, Stream and Load”] to have beene verie auncient, and first wrought by the Jewes with Pick-axes of holme, boxe, and hartshorne: they prove this by the name of those places yet enduring, to wit Attall Sarazin, in English, the Jewes’ Offcast, and by those tooles daily found amongst the rubble of such workes.” So, in the stream-work now prosecuted at Carne between Truro and Penrin, were found two stems of deer-horns, which I inspected at Tregothnan in Nov. 1792, and which had been plainly shaped into pickaxes. One of them was even tinged strongly at the picking end, with the stain of some metallic matter on which it has been employed.

Not far from them was found a brass instrument, that had clearly, from the shade still remaining upon the covered part, once had a handle clipping it round the middle, and leaving out the two ends for striking. July 19, 1794, was promised by Lady Falmouth a sketch of all three, done by the hand of the Rev. Mr. Hennah, Rector of St. Austle; but, as he had pronounced the brass instrument to be no celt, and as I proved it to be one, he never sent the sketch.

“There are also taken up in such works,” adds Carew, “certaine little tooles’ heads of brasse, which some terme thunder axes; but they make small show of any profitable use. Neither were the Romaines ignorant of this trade, as may appeare by a brasse coyne of DOMITIAN’S, found in one of these workes,” stream or load, “and fallen into my hands.”

Fol. 56. “Most of the inhabitants can [speak] no word of Cornish, but very few are ignorant of the English; and yet some so affect their owne, as to a stranger they will not speake it: for, if meeting them by chance, you inquire the way or any such matter, your answer shal be, Meea navidua cowzasawsneck, I can speake no Saxonage.” W.]

THE ISLANDS OF SCILLY.

Neither Mr. Hals nor Mr. Tonkin has noticed these islands.

It may be proper, therefore, to add a few observations on their ancient history, of which however very little is known.

That the Phœnicians, and after them the merchants of Carthage, traded with the Britons for tin, is established without the slightest doubt; but no possible absurdity can be greater than the supposition that voyagers, having sailed through the Mediterranean Sea, and passed between the Pillars of Hercules into the exterior ocean, and navigated through this boundless and dreaded expanse of water for about a thousand miles, should then stop short at trifling islands, or rather rocks, and that too year after year during centuries, with the country before them, actually in sight, from whence the valuable commodity which they sought must have been manifestly taken, and where they would have been sure of an improved market for the commercial articles to be given in exchange. Yet, relying on the literal interpretation of passages from ancient authors, who never visited the land of tin, nor possibly ever conversed with the adventurous sailors who had been there, persons of account have gravely asserted that the rocks of Scilly were the ancient Cassiterides; while others, to render this strange supposition somewhat less absurd, have glossed it with the miracle, probably invented by Florence of Worcester, of a large tract of country between these existing islands and the Land’s End, having been engulphed within times of recent memory.

Perhaps this mode of induction, directly opposed to common sense and to experience, may be a remnant of the hallucination which bound itself round men’s minds at the period when the stores of ancient learning were first poured on modern Europe; under this delusion they were not contented with ascribing a high degree of merit to the artists, to the writers, to the architects of Greece and Rome; nothing short of absolute perfection was believed to exist in each, and this servile appeal to authority is not even yet quite obsolete, although the time for such delusions being in the slightest degree advantageous either to literature or to science, has long since passed by.

The traders who frequented these remote shores would naturally mistake land in the great unbounded ocean for mere islands, and their vague descriptions, purposely made obscure, proved so successful that Julius Cæsar was not aware when he landed on the coast of Kent that he was arrived in the country producing tin.

The rocks of Scilly, having inhabitants, were visited by monks and anchorites, who formed establishments there, and gradually associated themselves into a small priory; but, so early as the time of King Henry the First, their monastery, with all its appendages, was given to the Abbey of Tavistock. The grant is extant.

“Henricus Rex Anglorum Willelmo Episcopo Excestriæ et Ricardo filio Baldwini, et Justiciæ suæ de Devenesira et Cornegallia, salutem. Sciatis me dedisse in perpetuam elemosinam Osberto Abbati et Ecclesiæ de Tavystok, et Turoldo Monacho suo, omnes Ecclesias de Sullye cum pertinentiis suis, et terram sicut unquam Monachi aut Heremitæ melius eam tenuerunt tempore Regis Edwardi, et Burgaldi Episcopi Cornegalliæ. Et volo et præcipio quod ipse Turoldus et omnes Monachi de Sully sicut proprii Præbendarii mei habeant firmam pacem cum omnibus quæ ad eas pertinent,” &c.

There is also a confirmation by Reginald de Dunstanville, illegitimate son of King Henry the First, who was created Earl of Cornwall in 1140, and died without male issue in 1175.

“Reginaldus Regis Filius Comes Cornubiæ, omnibus Baronibus suis et Ballivis suis Cornubiæ et Scilly, salutem. Sciatis me, pro anima Henrici Regis patris mei, et mea, et pro Carta ipsius quam vidi, concessisse et confirmasse in liberam et perpetuam elemosinam Monachis de Sully, sicut propriis Præbendariis Patris mei, omne WREC quod in Insulis, quas ipsi totas tenent, advenerit; præter cœtum et navem integram, hoc est, in Rentemen et Nurcho et insula Sancti Elidii et Sancti Sampsonis, et Sanctæ Teonæ. Et prohibeo super forisfactum meum, sicut prohibuit pater meus per cartam suam, ne quis eis aliquam injuriam faciat aut molestiam. Quoniam nolo ut de aliquo tenemento suo in Scilly aut libertate aut consuetudine, quam eis concessi, alicui amodo intendant nisi michi[24] et Abbati Tavistochiæ.

“Teste Radulpho de Bosco-Roardi apud Dorecestriam.”

There is also another document, entitled,

“Confirmatio B. Episcopi Exoniæ de Decimis de Sully.”――It is probable that the person indicated by B, was Bartholomew Iscan, consecrated in 1161, and died in 1184.

“Omnibus fidelibus ad quos præsens scriptura pervenerit, B. divina miseratione dictus Episcopus Exoniæ salutem in Domino. Noverit universitas vestra me vidisse et legisse cartam Ricardi de Wicha, in qua confitetur se concessisse, et in liberam et perpetuam elemosinam dedisse omnes decimas suas de Sully (et nominatim de cuniculis, quas injuste aliquandiu detinuerat, eo quod de rebus hujusmodi decimas dandas esse non putavit,) Abbati et Conventui Tavistochiæ, et Fratribus Monasterii Beati Confessoris Nicholai de Sully, pro salute animæ suæ, et parentum suorum, necnon et Reginaldi quondam Comitis Cornubiæ Domini sui; et hanc donationem super altare Beati Rumoni Tavistochiæ per Librum Evangeliorum manu propria obtulisse in præsentia B. Abbatis et conventus ejusdem loci et multorum aliorum.

“Quoniam autem tam Monasterium Tavistochiæ, quam tota terra prædicti Ricardi de Sully ad meam pertinet Diocesim, ego sicut Episcopus diocesanus prænotatam ipsius Ricardi donationem, auctoritate episcopali, præsenti scripto, et sigilli mei, sicut eam quam gratam et ratam habeo, appositione confirmo.

“Hiis testibus, B. Archidiacono Cornubiensi, &c.”

There is also a letter of protection from King Edward the First for the prior of St. Nicholas, within his island de Scilly. This letter is addressed among others, to the constable of his camp in the island of Enmour in Scilly.

Enmour may well be a corruption of Ennis Moor, the great island, possibly the secular name of St. Mary’s.

In the time of Edward the Third, this priory or cell to Tavistock must have been of very little importance, since in the 19th year of his reign, it appears by the following entry in the Abbreviatio Rotulorum Originalium, that two monks only were resident. Since, for some reason which it is difficult to discover, secular priests were to be stationed in Scilly during the continuance of a war with France, instead of the monks, which gave rise to the following agreement:

“Abbas et Conventus de Tavistok finem fecerunt cum Rege per viginti solidos, pro licentia habenda, quod ipsi duos capellanos sæculares pro animabus progenitorum Regis, quondam Regum Angliæ, et hæredum suorum, in Insula de Sulley celebraturos, loco duorum Capellanorum commonachorum suorum, quos ibidem ex causa prædicta invenire solebant, durante guerra inter Regem et homines de Francia mota, invenire possint.”

Since the Reformation the tithes have been appropriated, and passed with the different leases of the lands. Remains of the convent, most properly dedicated to St. Nicholas, are still to be seen on the island of Trescow. St. Nicholas was the patron of mariners, and frequently preserved vessels in a miraculous manner when his aid had been fervently invoked; perhaps the right of wreck was given to the convent for the pupose of attaching an increased degree of merit to their prayers in favour of ships likely to be dashed against those rocks.

St. Nicholas had also delegated to him from Heaven the peculiar care of infants, as a reward for his early piety, which induced him, in the first month, to abstain from taking the nourishment afforded by his mother’s breast on Wednesdays and Fridays, and on all occasional fasts appointed by the church.

He was Archbishop of Myra, a city of Lycia, in Lesser Asia, where he died in 342; but in 1087 his relics were forcibly taken from thence, and conveyed to the town of Bavi in Italy, towards the opening of the Adriatic, and where they continue to perform the most wonderful cures, more especially in all cases of infants.

The Scilly Islands first became objects of public attention in the great civil war, and especially towards the latter part of these struggles. After the death of King Charles the First, Sir John Grenville, subsequently created Earl of Bath in memory of the battle at Lansdown, where his father fell in the arms of victory, having collected a small force, kept possession of St. Mary’s island, where they either constructed or enlarged lines, rather than a fortress, which still remain. Their opponents encamped themselves on Trescow, till at last, as relief was clearly impossible, the cavaliers surrendered, but not till they had evinced their honour and true feelings as gentlemen, by refusing to accept any terms from a foreign power, and preserving the integrity of England, although it was in the hands of their deadly foes.

Unfortunately for these islands, they remain public property, or as it is termed, belong to the Crown; and a system has prevailed, at least from the time of Queen Elizabeth, one of the very worst that could be devised, of granting them at an annual rent, and for a short term of years, to private gentlemen; renewed, indeed, in the same line for more than two hundred years, first to the family of Godolphin, and then to the family of Osborne, which succeeded to the property of the former, but always with an uncertain tenure and the impossibility of encouraging others to expend capital on any permanent undertaking.

A better system has, however, been at last adopted, although very inferior to the plain, simple, and natural one of making the land freeholds in the hands of individuals.

Either the former lessee for years no longer wished to retain a source of small patronage, rendered of little importance by well-known changes, or the government resolved on doing something beneficial for the inhabitants and for the country; at all events, a lease for lives has now been granted to Mr. Smith, a gentleman of ability and information, the eldest son of a respectable country gentleman, under certain conditions, and among them a stipulation for essentially improving the harbour by the construction of a pier, the government contributing a certain sum towards the expense, and the lessee undertaking to complete the work. Mr. Smith, it is understood, means to reside there; and great expectations are entertained of the benefit likely to result.

Such a cluster of rocks, from eight to nine leagues west-south-west off the main land, must always be dangerous to ships returning from distant voyages; but the risk has been very greatly diminished by the excellent light on St. Agnes. There is, however, one rock called the Wolf, somewhat more than a third of the distance of Scilly from the Land’s End, on which a light-house might be erected; and the losses of lives and of property on this rock, which lies immediately in the way of all coasting vessels, more especially of those from Ireland, are supposed by many competent judges to exceed the losses occasioned by all the other western rocks taken together.

Before lights were placed on the coast, and the soundings laid down with accuracy, and the nature of the ground described, and before astronomical observations were brought to practical perfection, the wrecks were, perhaps, quadruple to what they are at present, and with not one fourth of the vessels at sea: among the innumerable wrecks that have taken place at Scilly, the most remarkable is that of the Victory, a first-rate ship of war, commanded by Sir Cloudesley Shovel, returning from a series of exploits, which continued adding to his reputation even when they failed of obtaining success. This ship, with two others of a smaller size, struck on the rocks of Scilly in the night following the 22d of October 1705, when between fifteen hundred and two thousand men are supposed to have perished; and there is a tradition of one man having escaped, and of his relating some anecdotes of obstinacy, and even of violence, on the part of the Admiral, discreditable to him as a man, and the immediate causes of the calamity; but these additions induce me entirely to disbelieve the whole tale.

The Scilly Islands are composed of granite, similar to that of the Land’s End district, and intersected by small lodes of tin, but not of a size sufficiently large to have produced at any period a quantity worthy of mercantile account.

The land does not rise into lofty hills, nor are the rocks on a scale of magnificence; and the people have been so much absorbed in trade and in intercourse with strangers from all nations, that they are without any legendary histories or peculiarity of manners.

Although St. Mary’s, Trescow, and St. Agnes’, St. Martin’s, Bryher, and Sampson, have alone permanent inhabitants, yet a great many more islands are dignified with specific names. Among these one rock is honoured with the appellation of Scilly; and this trifling circumstance has given rise to theories about changes and devastations by the sea, by earthquakes, &c. when the name has clearly been given in the same spirit as that which induced seamen to declare that the cord attached to the water bucket is the only rope belonging to a ship.

Alterations in the laws respecting Customs and Excise, with increased vigilance as well as greater activity, both at sea and on shore, have materially interfered with the most lucrative trade of these islanders. They are, however, tolerably well supported by their agriculture, which is said to afford more corn than they consume; by their fisheries, particularly of ling, which are exported after being pressed and dried almost without salt; and finally, by the resort of ships in great numbers when the wind happens to be in opposition to their intended voyages.

Doctor Borlase has written a separate treatise on the Scilly Islands, and described in it the scanty remains of their supposed Druidical antiquities.

At the time of the last census (in 1831) the population was as ascertained to be

Statute Acres. St. Mary’s 1311 said to measure 1640 Trescow 470 880 St. Agnes’ 289 390 St. Martin’s 230 720 Bryher 128 330 Sampson 37 120 ―――― ―――― 2465 4080 The small islands are estimated at 150 ―――― 4230

A recent benefit has been given to Scilly by the legislature, in respect to their police and to the administration of justice. The sole authority previously existing in the islands resided in a court possessing very limited power, and that undefined, so that no case of any magnitude could be acted on in any other way than by sending the parties over to the main land; an Act of Parliament has now enabled the executive government to appoint magistrates who may act in Scilly, without qualification by the possession of freehold property, in as ample a manner as other justices of the peace may act for the county at large.

St. Agnes Light House. Lat. 50° 18′ 27″. Long. 6° 19′ 23″. In time 25m. 8s. W.

Time of high water at the New and Full Moon, 10 minutes after 4.

[24] Michi for Mihi, Ducange.――Ed.

APPENDIX.

CONTENTS.

Page

I. Number of acres in each of the Hundreds of Cornwall, and the population in 1831 177

II. Tables relative to the population of Cornwall, at various periods 178

III. List of plants, illustrative of the mild climate of Cornwall 180

IV. Addition to the Parochial History, containing an account of the parish of Broadoak 184

V. Observations on an ancient manuscript, entitled Passio Christi, written in the Cornish language, and now preserved in the Bodleian Library; with an account of the language, manners, and customs of the people of Cornwall. By William Scawen, Esq. Vice-Warden of the Stannaries. (From a manuscript in the library of Thomas Astle, Esq. 1777.) On the manuscript itself. On the description of the Passion contained therein. On the tongue in which the Passion is described, and the properties thereof, and how it relates to and concerns the people and places of Cornwall 190

VI. Extract from the Itinerary of William of Worcester, relative to Cornwall; with a notice of his life and character 222

VII. The Itinerary of John Leland, so far as relates to Cornwall 256

VIII. Extracts from Drayton’s Poly-Olbion, relative to Cornwall 293

IX. On the etymology of names of places within the county. Communicated by the late Thomas Hingston, Esq. M.D. 312

X. Tanner’s Notitia Monastica for Cornwall, from Nasmith’s edition. With additions by Sir Henry Ellis, F.R.S. Sec. S.A. 319

XI. Some documents relative to the Priory at Bodmin, from a MS. in the British Museum 337

XII. Account of the different Earls of Cornwall; extracted from the Baronage of Sir W. Dugdale 346

XIII. On the Hundreds of Cornwall. Extracted from Tonkin’s MSS. 375

XIV. Epitaph of Richard Carew of Antony, Esq. the Historian of Cornwall 378

Index to Carew’s Survey of Cornwall 381

Copious Index to the present Work 393-571

I.

The number of acres in each of the hundreds, according to Mr. Hitchins’s measurement, and the population from the last Parliamentary Statements, including Voltersholm, and the other small pieces of Cornwall artificially placed in Devonshire and the Islands of Scilly.

Acres. Population. Powder 128,115 Penwith 74,867 East 112,647 Powder 61,911 Pyder 92,713 Kerrier 56,074 Penwith 90,957 East 35,086 Kerrier 89,051 Pyder 25,689 West 81,558 West 18,254 Lesnewth 61,132 Trigg 13,057 Trigg 54,574 Stratton 8,815 Stratton 48,934 Lesnewth 8,277 ――――――- ――――――- 759,681 302,030 ――――――- ――――――-

The three south-western hundreds, Penwith, Kerrier, and Powder contain nearly two-thirds of the whole population.

And of the two divisions of Cornwall, the East division is in round numbers about twice as large as the West division, while the West division has twice the population of the East.

II.

The population of Cornwall is given for the years 1700 and 1750, at 105,800 and 135,000; but I know not on what authority. The years 1801, 1811, 1821, and 1831 are from the Parliamentary publications founded on the actual census on each occasion.

POPULATION OF CORNWALL.

In 1700 | In 1750 | In 1801 | In 1811 | In 1821 | In 1831 ――――――- | ――――――- | ――――――- | ――――――- | ――――――- | ――――――- 105,800 | 135,000 | 194,500 | 216,667 | 257,447 | 301,017

The per-centages of increase taken for 30 years, at the rate between each interval, are 15¾ per cent., 24 per cent., 38¼ per cent., 67¾ per cent., and 60 per cent.

At the rate of increase from 1700 to 1750, 1000 would become in a century 1628, and would double in 140 years. At the rate of increase from 1750 to 1801, 1000 would become in a century 2046, and would double in 96,8 years. At the rate of increase from 1801 to 1811, 1000 would become in a century 2943, and would double in 64,2 years. At the rate of increase from 1811 to 1821, 1000 would become in a century 5610, and would double in 40,2 years. At the rate of increase from 1821 to 1831, 1000 would become in a century 4776, and would double in 44,3 years.

The population of Cornwall being in 1831, according to the actual census, 301,017, if it continued to increase accordingly for a century at the rate ascertained between 1811 and 1821, the number of people in 1931 would amount to one million six hundred and eighty-eight thousand six hundred and fifty!

A Table exhibiting the amount to which the population of a thousand persons would amount in a century, and also the time of its doubling for each 5 per cent. of increase in 30 years, the period given for each parish from the Parliamentary Return.

――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――+――――――――――――-+―――――――――――― A thousand, with the following increase,| Will become | Will double in thirty years | in a century| in ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――+――――――――――――-+―――――――――――― 5 per cent. increase in thirty years | 1176 | 426 years. 10 per cent. | 1374 | 218 15 per cent. | 1593 | 148 20 per cent. | 1836 | 114 25 per cent. | 2104 | 93,2 30 per cent. | 2398 | 79,2 35 per cent. | 2719 | 69,3 40 per cent. | 3070 | 61,8 45 per cent. | 3451 | 56 50 per cent. | 3863 | 51,3 55 per cent. | 4310 | 47,4 60 per cent. | 4791 | 44,2 65 per cent. | 5308 | 41,5 70 per cent. | 5874 | 39,2 75 per cent. | 6458 | 37,2 80 per cent. | 7094 | 35,4 85 per cent. | 7773 | 33,8 90 per cent. | 8495 | 32,4 95 per cent. | 9264 | 31,1 100 per cent. | 10080 | 30

III.

The Editor has been favoured with the following list of plants illustrative of the mild climate of Cornwall.

The native plant of greatest curiosity is the Erica Vagans, Erica Didima of Withering, Erica Multiflora of Ray and Hudson. This plant spreads over the whole serpentine formation of the Lizard, and observes its limits almost to a foot. It is said to appear again at Clickitor near Liskeard, where the serpentine formation is also found.

The Ligusticum Cornubiense, remarkable only from its extreme rarity, grows near Bodmin, in a place called Margaret’s Wood.

The Tamarix Gallica grows in great abundance about the Lizard, apparently wild, but it is said to have been brought there from St. Michael’s Mount in the early part of the last century; and St. Michael’s Mount having been long a cell to Mount St. Michael in Normandy, the shrub may very probably have been introduced by the monks. It powerfully resists the sea winds, and grows freely on the banks of earth or sand surrounding inclosures near the shore. The wood is so solid as to sink in water.

The Panicum Dactylon grows on the bank of gravel lying between the sea, and the road leading from Marazion to Penzance.

The Sibthorpia Europæa may be found in great plenty about half a mile inland from thence, in a stream flowing westward by the road near Gulval church town. This plant was named by Linnæus in honour of Humphry Sibthorpe, M.D. Professor of Botany at Oxford from 1747 to 1784. The hybrid variety or monstrosity of the Antirrhinum Linaria, called Peloria, is said to grow at the foot of Mabe Hill on the old road leading from Helston to Penryn. The Erica Ciliaris has recently been found at Carclew, near Penryn, the seat of Sir Charles Lemon, M.P. for the county.

And many of the cryptogamia flourish in a degree unknown in other countries, among which the magnificent Osmunda Regalis may be selected as a specimen.

A List of Plants that are growing in the open air at Pendarves, most of which have stood several years without protection.

Agapanthus umbellatus, many years. Aristolochia sempervirens, two years. Anthyllis Hermannia, three or four years. Alvysoa citra odora, several years. Acacia armata, two years. Aster argophyllus, four years. Benthamia pasifera, one year. Bocconia cordata, several years. Bouvardia triphylla, three or four years. Bignonia grandiflora, three years. Brugmansia suaveolens (datura arborea,) two years. Calceolaria, five or six species. Coronilla glauca and valentina, several years. Calendula tragus, several years. Cineraria populifolia, several years. Chrysocoma cernua aurea, several years. Collectia spinosa (from Chili), two years. Canna indica and bicolor, two years. Camellia Japonica, several varieties, two years. Capraria lanceolata, two years. Cobœa scandens, two years. Charlwoodia australis (Dracæna australis) covered in frosty nights last winter with a mat, and is now growing very strong, and is nearly six feet high. Clethra arborea, three or four years. Daphne odora, five or six years. Dolichos lignosus, two years. Duvaura undulata and dependens, one and two years. Encomus punctata, several years. Eriocephalus africanus, five or six years. Ericomus fragrans, two years. Eriobotrya japonica (loquat), three or four years. Echium grandiflorum and glaucophyllum, three or four years. Echium nervosum, stem six inches diameter, five feet four inches high, twenty-five feet in circumference, and from thirty to forty spikes of flowers. Edwardsia grandiflora, one year. ―――― microphylla, two years. Escallonia rubra and montividiensis, two years. Fuschia gracilis, nine feet six inches high, circumference forty feet, diameter thirteen feet ten inches. Fuschia conica, globosa, coccinea, maxima, apetela, adolphina, robertsia, virgata, &c. Gazania rigens, two years. Globularia longifolia, two years. Gnaphalium ericoides, stœchas, fetidum, four years. Geranium, many varieties, four years. Hippia frutescens, three or four years. Heliotropium corymbosum, two years. Hoya carnosa, two years. Hypericum monogynum, several years. Hydrangea hortensis, six feet six inches high, circumference forty-five feet. Justicia adatoda, two years. Jasminum revolutum, ten or twelve years. Lobelia crinus (rock work), three or four years. Lithospermum erubescens, two years. Leonitus leonurus, eight feet high, spreading eighteen feet on a low wall, three or four years. Melaleuca hypericifolia, five or six years. Maurandia Barclayana and semperflorens, two years. Melianthus major and coccineus, several years. Oxalis, several species. Othonna pectinata, two or three years. Ornithogalum longibracteatum, two years. Psoralea spicata, pinnata, and aculeata. Petunia nyctaginiflora, and phœnicia, two years. Passiflora cœrulea racemosa, two years. Richardia Æthiopica (Calla), many years. Salvia cardinalis, grahami, involucrata, &c. Saxifraga sarmentosa, several years. Thunbergia coccinea (on a wall), three years. Tradescantia crassula, three years. Teucrium latifolia and frutescens, three years. Vergilia Capensis, seven feet three inches high, diameter five feet, two years. Vestia lycioides, eight feet high, three years. Verbena chamoidryoides and pulchella, two years. Polygala speciosa and myrtifolia, three or four years. Olea fragrans, ten to twelve years (south wall). Physalis edulis, three or four years. Diosma ericoides, three to four years.

The Acacia lophantha, dealbata, and several other plants, have been planted out during the last spring, and will probably stand out the winter as well as the above.

IV.

Since the parish of Broadoak was printed, an additional sheet of Mr. Hals’s manuscript has been communicated to the Editor by his friend the Rev. Richard Polwhele. It contains an account of the important military events which distinguished that parish and the neighbourhood, in 1644, and it is therefore printed as a curious addition to what has here been given in the body of the work, on the same subject. Mr. Polwhele has also sent another sheet relative to St. Stephen’s near Saltash, but that does not contain anything of the least importance.

These two sheets appear to have been separated from the work at Exeter by the carelessness of the bookseller in whose hands the whole had been lodged, and this confirms the suspicion of more important losses having taken place at the same time.

BROADOAK.

Broadoak is situate in the hundred of West, and hath upon the south Boconnock, west St. Winnow, east St. Pynock, north Cardinham; and by the name of Bradock it was taxed in Domesday Roll, 20 William I. 1087; which word, if it be single, signifies a rebel or traitor, one that betrays the trust and fidelity reposed in him by another; otherwise if it be commonly understood of Brad-ock or Brodock, it signifies broad trees of oak (Saxon).

In the Pope’s Inquisition into the value of Benefices before-mentioned, 1294, Capella de Bradock in decanatu de Westwellshire, appropriata Domui de Lanceston, was valued at xiiis. ivd. from whence it appears the church was endowed by the college of St. Stephen’s or Lanceston; in Wolsey’s Inquisition or Valor Beneficiorum at £8. 13s. 4d.; the patronage in the Bishop of Exon, the incumbent Pearce, the rectory in possession of ――――; and this parish was rated to the 4s. per pound Land Tax for one year, 1696, £57.

Here let it be remembered that Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex, General of the Parliament Army, being in Devon, received orders from his masters, 1644, to march from thence with the same towards Plymouth, in order to raise the siege thereof, it being then greatly distressed by Sir Richard Grenville, as was the west part of that county, who immediately set forward with his army, and marched on towards that place; yet not so quickly but that Grenville had notice of his motion, and, fearing he was not strong enough to engage his great army, he by night privately dislodged from the siege of Plymouth with his own regiment, Colonel Fortescue’s, Colonel Carew’s, and Colonel Acland’s; and the better to shun or avoid his enemy, marching down by way of Plympton, he turned aside towards St. Botolph’s and Saltash Passage, where with boats he passed over his troops, and so entered over the Tamar river into Cornwall; which Essex understanding as soon as he came to Plymouth, having thus raised the siege and relieved the town, forthwith marched after Grenville as far as Lestwithell and Bradoak Downs, himself quartering at Lanhydrock, the Lord Robartes’s house, and sending out troops of horse westwards if possible to attack him. In the mean time, King Charles I. being then in Somerset with his army, and having notice of those facts of Essex’s, forthwith marched out of Somerset through Devon with his army for Grenville’s relief, and entered Cornwall by way of Polston bridge, the 11th of August 1644; from thence advanced to Lanceston, and so directly to Liskeard, which place for some time he made his head quarters, where the townsmen and contiguous countrymen shewed themselves very zealous and loyal towards his service, especially for that the town or borough and manor of Leskeard was his son the Duke of Cornwall’s lands, in right of his Duchy of Cornwall.

Soon after which the country people gave private notice to the King, that on a certain day the quarter-master, General Dalbier, Lieutenant-Colonel Charleton, Colonel Allured, Colonel Barkley, and some other officers of Essex’s army were to dine at the Lord Mohun’s house, not far from Lestwithell.

At the day appointed the King dispatched a party of horse, and by surprise took them all prisoners (except Dalbier, who made his escape) and brought them all prisoners to Leskeard, where soon after Prince Rupert arrived at the King’s army, which gave great hopes of a notable victory over Essex; and, in order to give him battle, the King soon after drew forth his army from Leskeard, and marched west to Bradock Downs in this parish, opposite to St. Winnow and Boconnock Downs, where Essex lay encamped, on the east side of Lestwithell town, and there pitched his camp and standard, he himself, Prince Rupert, and Grenville quartering at the Lord Mohun’s house; from whence he sent a letter August 16th, as he had sent another before from Leskeard by the Lord Beauchamp’s nephew, to Essex, for a treaty of peace, to which he received no answer; then he sent another letter to him in the name of the officers of his army, to which Essex sent a negative answer directed to the Earl of Forth, purporting that he had received a letter from his lordship, and other commanders of the King’s army, by which a treaty with him was desired for a general peace, which he could not admit of without a breach of the trust reposed in him by the Parliament, having no power by his commission to treat in a matter of such importance.

Whereupon happened several skirmishes between the cavaliers and parliament troops; and in particular that challenge and sharp charge between Colonel Straughan’s for the Parliament and Colonel Digby’s for the King, was most remarkable. Straughan’s troop consisted of a hundred young men from sixteen to twenty years of age, on whose faces, as was said, never razor had past in order to shave their beards, all double, if not treble armed for this encounter. This troop of Straughan’s was led forth by himself on Bradock and St. Winnow Downs, having nothing on his head but a hat, and on the trunk of his body nought but a white linen shift, where they braved it for some time as was said before, giving defiance to a like number of the King’s party in sight of the King and both armies; whereupon soon after dislodged the Lord Digby’s troop for the King, to accept and fight this challenge of Straughan’s, who with great resolution and bravery advanced towards him, and gave the first onset or charge, but firing their pistols at too great distance, it did little harm to his adversary, whilst instantly Straughan, like a firebrand of hell, with a led horse by his side, had before commanded his boys, as he called them, to take their adversary’s fire, which they then did with unspeakable hardiness, and rushed on to the very horse heads of Digby’s troopers, that before had spent their shot, himself leading the fore front to the very points of their swords, when he discharged his double-barrelled pistols, and was in like manner seconded by his troopers, who had all the same sort of pistols, and most of them laden with three or four bullets each, which proved so fatal and disastrous a blow to Digby’s troopers, that the one half of them were slain on the spot or mortally wounded; and it was further observable, that scarce horse or man that escaped went not off without some hurt or damage, as I was told by one Mr. William Maye, a gentleman that was one of Digby’s troop, and sorely wounded in this battle, the marks of which through his hands, arms, and legs were visible, though cured to a large degree, till his dying day, 1672; and much the like account I had of this battle or combat from Mr. William Upcott, of Truro, and Mr. Joseph Upcott, of Morval, brothers, that were parcel of Straughan’s troop, who there took some of the King’s horses alive, their riders being slain, upon whose furniture was his proper arms, the star and the letters C. R.

But, alas! notwithstanding this success of Straughan’s troop, the King with his army had so hemmed in or surrounded Essex in his head quarters at Lestwithell, that he could not long subsist or have relief for his soldiers, for the Lord Goring and Sir Thomas Basset, Knt. stopped all provision with a great body of horse, that was coming to him by way of St. Blazey from the west, as Sir Richard Grenville did the like by way of St. Colomb, Bodmin, and Lanhydrock from the north; whereupon it was resolved by Essex’s council, that he should desert his army, and privately by night in a boat go down the river to Fowey, and from thence take ship for Plymouth, which expedient was accordingly put in execution, and the General Essex, the Lord Robartes, and some others the next day got into Plymouth, being the 31st of August 1644. On the same day Sir William Balfour with two thousand five hundred of the Parliament horse, with divers officers, viz. Colonel Nicholas Boscawen, his Lieutenant-Colonel James Hals, of Merther, Henry Courtenay, of St. Bennet’s in Lanyvet, Colonel John Seyntaubyn, of Clowans, and his Lieutenant Colonel Braddon, Colonel Carter, and several other officers and gentlemen of quality, early in the morning forced their passage over St. Winnow, Boconnock, and Bradock Downs, though the body of the King’s army, which lay encamped on the heath in those places, maugre all opposition to the contrary; from thence they rode to Leskeard, from thence to Saltash Passage, and from thence to Plymouth safely the same day, amidst their own garrison and confederates.

Notwithstanding this desertion of the general and other officers as aforesaid, Major General Skippon (a Londoner), like a good commander, resolved to live and die with his soldiers; and in order to their preservation, being at least twelve thousand men, he led them down the banks of the river on the west side thereof towards Foye, in order to transport them over the passage or river to Lanteglos, or ship them from thence for Plymouth, all other roads and high ways being stopped up by the King’s army as aforesaid, during which march Skippon’s men were sorely distressed in the rear by the King’s soldiers, so that five of their field pieces were taken in the lanes, whereupon the next morning his men made a stand, and with a brigade of horse that never deserted the infantry, charged the King’s troops with great courage and animosity, and beat them out of the field which they had lost the day before, with some loss; whereupon immediately the King sent Captain Brett with the Queen’s troop to attack them, who in the King’s sight charged Skippon’s brigade with that fury and violence as forced them to retire from the field aforesaid, whereby not only he regained the ground that was lost, but got some other fields from his party, and then returned in good order, having lost only four men, himself being shot in the arm, for which brave adventure the King knighted him on the spot. After which the Parliament soldiers were so dispirited that they could hardly be brought to stand to their arms; upon which dismay Colonel Butler and a trumpeter came to desire a parley with the King, which was forthwith granted, and a treaty followed on the first of September, when the Commissioners on the King’s part were Prince Maurice and the Earl of Bramford, for Essex’s soldiers Major-General Philip Skippon, Colonel Christopher Whichcott, and others, by whom a cessation of hostility was agreed upon in these terms――

V.

Observations on an Ancient Manuscript, entitled Passio Christi, written in the Cornish Language, and now preserved in the Bodleian Library; with an account of the Language, Manners, and Customs of the People of Cornwall. By William Scawen, Esq. Vice-Warden of the Stannaries. (From a Manuscript in the Library of Thomas Astle, Esq. 1777.)

On the Manuscript itself. On the description of the Passion contained therein. On the tongue in which the Passion is described, and the properties thereof, and how it relates to and concerns the people and places of Cornwall.

CONCERNING the manuscript itself, (which is the ground of the fabric) the first thing that presents itself is the outside, which is not polished, but in a homely, humble simplicity, and written upon a rough old vellum, which may be supposed to be before parchments here came much into use; and by the rude pictures set out therewith, it may seem to be before the art of painting became better amongst us.

Next to behold the chirography thereof, written in no other than the old Court Hand, not of the best form, but seeming somewhat older than we find it in other places, and some of the letters and characters different from the common Court Hand.

As to the speech itself, it is such as the common speakers of the Cornish now used here do not understand, nor any but such as will be at the pains to study it, no more than the common speakers of the vulgar nation of the Greeks do at this day Homer’s Iliad. So the Lord’s Prayer in the year 700 was thus in English: Vren fader thic arth, &c. In 900, Thu ure fader the eart on heofenum.

As to the antiquity thereof, we observe the name of our Saviour is all along written IHS, after the old form used in crucifixes, and then also the name written Chrest, not Christ. So we find it written in Tacitus, Suetonius, and in some other Roman authors it may be found. So Christians were called Chrestians, as Tertullian observes, Apol. c. 3.[25] And so the vulgar in Cornish speak it Chrest, and not Christ.

In this old piece are no words antiently intermixed of the Saxon tongue or Angles, which shews, in all probability, that it was written before their time at least, if not much further off; whereas, the common speech of it now carries much of those latter figures, to the disfiguring of the face thereof. But of all other intermixion, it seems to receive in it (with a kind of delight) the tongue of the Romans, by whom the people were easily brought to take up that tongue which they brought with them, and afterwards more and more by degrees in succeeding times, the Roman speech was interwoven with the Cornish, out of a natural propensity to it, as that tongue came to be used of all other nations afterwards, as was observed before.

Another argument there is (and that which is to be admired and rejoiced at) that in this old piece of the Passion, there is nothing heretical, little of error to be found, or savouring of ill opinions; which is strange, since it has passed through so many ages, in which so many ill broods have been hatched, and, amongst others, one of our own, the Pelagian heresy, a brat bred here amongst us at Bangor. Nor is there any mention made of any monastical persons, or several orders of men so living. Nothing that refers to Monks, Friars, Priors, or to any other orders, secular or sacred, nor any thing said in approbation or dislike of any such thing.

There is nothing in it savouring of the old bards or their poetry, nor having references to Merlyanisms, but a bare and sober relation of matter of fact.

II. As to the description of the Passion and Resurrection of our Saviour, I cannot again but admire, that it is so unpolluted with the Arian or Pelagian heresies. There are, it is true, some inoffensive and harmless traditions, and a word may be let slip of the Virgin Mary; and in those traditions you may observe the concurrence of others.

And, first, concerning this Longis: it is to be inquired whether he be not that Longinus mentioned in our Calendar on the fifteenth of March, or that Longinus on the first of December; for of Longinus there is the same history to be found in Picinellus his Mundus Symbolicus;[26] whose words are, D. P. Comestor ad Longinum vitiosos et caligantes fuisse oculos, cum vero fluentem in Christi latere sanguinem casu illis admovisset, videndi acumen recepisse. In eandem Septentiam canit S. G. Nazian-zenus.[27]

Ubi fixit hastam, defluentis sanguinis Tinctam liquore, et ecce! ut utraque manu Hausit, oculosque hoc ungit hinc ut scilicet Detergat oculum nocte, que cera legit, &c.

When into Christ he thrust his tainted spear, Lo! unto both his hands the blood flow’d there, Wherewith he anoints his eyes and then saw clear, Which like the night till that time blinded were.

Mr. Lassells, in his Voyages into Italy, tells us, that the picture of Longinus stands under the top of the spear with which Christ’s side was pierced, in the cupola at St. Peter’s church at Rome. It may be conjectured, that this tradition owes its origin to the literal sense of that prophecy; “they should look on him whom they had pierced.”

For the wood of the cross, (another of the traditions,) Genebrard’s account thereof, as reported by Purchas in his Pilgrimage, p. 30, comes somewhat near it, which is, that Seth went to the Cherub which kept Paradise, and received three grains of the Tree of Life, whereof we read in the Apocalypse, “The leaves shall heal the nation.” With these three grains was an oil made, wherewith Adam was anointed, and the stones put into his mouth, whence sprang the tree whereof the cross of our Lord was made, hidden by Solomon in the Temple, and after in the pool of Bethesda; according to which, in a church window at St. Neot’s, is one pictured putting something under another’s tongue, with this inscription, Hic Seth ponit tria grana sub lingua Adæ. If any list to see further about the timber whereof the cross was made, let him read Mr, Evelyn’s Sylva, c. 3, Num. 17. As to that of the smith’s wife, in forming the nails for the crucifixion, perhaps they might think, that as the first woman had the first hand in the transgression, so a woman must be employed in the last act of this tragedy. We may observe,

1. What true and manifest notions these antient people had, and faithfully retained, of the Trinity, and the reverence they gave them.

2. How distinctly and clearly they did set forth, in those dark days they lived in, the several distinct attributes of the Deity, assigning power to the Father, wisdom to the Son, goodness to the blessed Spirit.

4. How well they agree and adhere to the doctrine of the true church of Christ, in the points maintained by us concerning the loss and fall of man and mankind, and the restoration of him, and concerning the eternal decree and purpose of God, in the salvation of man, notwithstanding his fall.

We may observe by the Resurrection, thus shortly declared as it is, that it appears plainly that those people were not Nullyfidians.

Nor were they Solyfidians.

They placed the foundation of their happiness in belief.

And the superstruction thereupon in good works.

Lastly, we cannot think they were any way inclinable to the minds of those scoffers at the day of judgment, which St. Peter meets with in his second Epistle, 2, 9, and 10. Our people acknowledged, that at the Great Day of account a punishment shall be upon the wicked, and a glory expected to be given to the godly. Thus far as a taste only of what is contained therein.

III. On the tongue in which the Passion of our Saviour is thus described, we have, among other things, such as these observables:

1. The Idiom. 2. The Innocency and Cleanness. 3. The Wisdom. 4. Significances of it.

1. For the Idioms. They put the substantive before the adjunct or adjective. 2. The preposition sometimes comes after the noun. 3. It is usual to change a letter in the beginning, middle, or end of a word or syllable, and sometimes to omit in each for sound sake. 4. They contract several words into one for sound sake, and that very short also; with many other changes, of which it is hard to know or find any certain rule now, but some may be made out upon reading, due observation and experience had on this that follows; and for the pronunciation, the Cornish is not to be gutturally pronounced as the Welsh for the most part is, nor mutteringly as the Armorick, nor whiningly as the Irish (which two latter qualities seem to have been contracted from their servitudes), but must be lively and manly spoken, like other primitive tongues.

2. For the Innocency of it. What is most remarkable is, that it hath a most excellent defective qualification in it, peculiar to itself; for, whereas all other tongues abound in execrable oaths, the old Cornish have none at all, not so much as reproachful terms. The word that comes nearest to an oath with them is Areire, Areiaree, which is Mary, Mary, spoken by way of wonder. The next good defective qualification is, that there are no great titles in it, which Nutricule Tyrannidis.

3. For the Wisdom, Proverbs (which contain usually the wisdom of a nation) they have had, but we cannot find them in any great plenty. Yet some there are worthy observing, as these:

Cows nebas, cows da, nebas an yeveren an gevella. Speak little, speak well, little of public matter is best.

Cows nebas, cows da, hada veth cowsas arta. Speak little, speak well, and well will be spoken again.

Taw Tavas. Be silent tongue.――To call one Tavas Tavas, Tongue Tongue, is as great a reproach as you can put upon any one.

Reys yw meeras dueth ken lemmell uneth. Look twice before you leap once.

Neb na gare y gwayn coll restewa. He that loves not gain loss befall him.

Neb na gare y gy an gwra deveeder. He that loves not his dog will make him a choaked sheep.

Non ges goon heb lagas na kei hebs scovern. There is no down without eye, nor hedge without ears.

Na reys gara anvor goth ragan vor noweth. Do not leave the way old for the way new.

Guel gw gwetha vel goofen. Better keep than ask.――This is spoken of a wariness and precaution concerning lending.

Grova da rag, tha hannen te yn gurd. Do good, for thyself thou dost it.

4. Significancy of the Tongue. Adam gave names to the creatures, according to their natures; but the people of this land, having no better guide, have given names upon long experience had, and much observation made of the nature of things, and those do mostly appear now as to places and families. I shall adventure upon some instances:

Lanceston, alias Dunhevet. Camden would fain have it to be Fanum Stephani; indeed St. Stephen’s, which is a mile off, seems to be the mother church, Lanceston the daughter church. Others would have it to be Lancelot’s Town, one of the Champion Knights of King Arthur, but that is further from truth. The Chief Justice Foster, talking with me about it, would fain have Dunhevet to be the most ancient name, from Dune a town, and Hevet above it, which there is accordingly. I told his lordship we must fetch the derivation higher, from the Cornish original (and not from the Saxon), and that is Leostofen, which is a place of large extent, or a broad end, which is properly so according to the situation thereof, at the broad end of the county, from whence it grows towards the west still narrower, like to the point of a wedge. I read in a good author, that Radulphus, brother to Alfius, Duke of Cornwall, was founder of Lanceston. I think he means the castle there, not the town.

The names of places above, and from those places downwards, have suffered much violence along the river from Devon side, by reason of the mutations formerly spoken of; but from thence we shall take notice of some that have received their names antiently, passing down the river of Tamar (and on some of the branches thereof) where, by the way, I may say I am astonished at some of our late Geographers, who, in enumerating the famous bridges in all this have omitted altogether ours in Cornwall, of which, among land, other lesser, we have three that are very eminent, one of which, Wadebridge, stands further west; the two others, besides many smaller, are on the river of Tamar; one Horsbridge, the other called Newbridge. But much more I wonder at their omission among the rivers of the famous river of Tamar, a river, after the Thames, not behind any of note in this kingdom, which I mention the sooner, because it is most properly ours in Cornwall; for though it be great and very navigable far up, yet it arises in and floats only in this little county of Cornwall, and its whole course contains within the same, and it is the boundary thereof from other parts, wherein other streams do flow, Linnar, Fiddy, &c. and before it falls into the Estuarium, where it gives entertainment from Devon on the other side to Tavy, Plym, Yeom, and others, where they all lose their names in Tamar. And I do much more wonder that it should be printed by some others, that this famous river should fall into the sea near the Land’s End, whereas this alone possesses the whole honourable harbour of Plymouth (more than sixty miles distant from the Land’s End), and stands appropriated to the interest of Cornwall, belonging to the Duke thereof, the Prince of Wales. And to return to what I said last, in coming down from this broad end of the county to that famous harbour, though our next bordering neighbour Devonshire and the saints, have stolen away from us many of the antient British names, and intruded upon us many strange ones, yet some left us here and there of the antient speech all along, upon the river and the branches thereof, which I am obliged to memorize.

Lawhit, in Glamorganshire, is said to be Fanum Iltuti, to which the Ton being added in Cornish, makes it up. Iltutus was an ancient British Monk in King Arthur’s time. Landue may be the church or chapel of St. David, though Landuan in Cornish is the black church or chapel. And for Lezant, that is the holy saint, meaning St. Michael, to whom that church was dedicated.

As Cargreene, which is a rock in the gravel standing in a green place. Carbeele or Carbilly, a rock mentulæ formæ. Carkeele of the same signification.

Landulph, where St. Dulpho is memorized by the church’s name, and the well there so called St. Dulpho’s well. Halton, i. e. Haelton, a green place near the water.

Pillaton, a round or clue by a green.

Larrake I did formerly suppose to have been from Laun or Lun, which is usually set for a church or chapel; but on better consideration I think otherwise of it now, because I find several other places hereabouts written Larrake, which have no reference to church; and because the manor antiently was written and called Larrake, which is antienter than the church, and it signifies a place of content in Cornish.[28]

Blerrake I take to be of the same signification too; a little from which latter place, if content may be had from a prospect, it is there in my opinion. A place formerly called Ballahow, now the fairest and amplest I know any where, excepting such as are dignified by the sight of a metropolis, or such places of eminency, though it stands not on a promontory, and but a little from the sea in a plain, though but a rough one, and from it you may look directly into the sea, as far as human eye-sight can enable you.

Towards the sea-shore on the one side, you have in eye the Start in Devon, and westward the Lizard, for your boundaries. Towards the land northward, the wild moors of Devon, called the East Moors, and the other side the West Moors in Cornwall. Between those you may observe the vale countries of both, two rich valleys, one in Devon side, and the other in Cornwall, and take the sight of Tamar as their boundaries, and you will wonder, looking at it from above, to know how to think that river should find a way through those countries to the sea, especially if you consider that you seldom see water in those tracts of land by which it passes, yet you see also as it passes Plymouth the royal citadel, Plymton, Millbrooke, and abundance of small villages and boroughs in a country on each side pleasant, and the whole prospect not obscured by hills, or any thing else by which you may be hindered from the sun in any part of the day; besides this overlooks the Eddy-rock or stone, a dreadful place about a league out in the sea, where many hundred of ships have been wrecked, being in the trade way to the harbour from the west; yet I have heard some antient skilful mariners to aver, that if a good artist should go about to strike on this rock purposely, he would not be able to do it, so far doth chance go beyond art.

Cuttenbrake is a concealed head, and E. Trematon, a place on three hills.

Inesworth, which is Ineswartha, the island above, or the higher island, in respect to the situation of the island of St. Nicholas below, where the saint hath gotten the mastery again.

Ints or Ince, which is a proper name for an island, though this be joined, as Insworth is, by a short neck to other parts of the parish of St. Stephen’s. Here passing, we come by the mouth of the river to Pembernose, which is in Cornish the head of the night, or midnight, as if it were said that there is safe coming in there at any time; and from thence we pass to the uttermost point westward, called Penlee, which is the headland to the leeward; and so sailing along by the sea side to the two Gayers, the East and West Gayers near Ramehead, which may give nomination to families of that name in the west, which are now worn out there, and have had a good recruit in Plymouth, and from thence a better in London, by a late Lord Mayor, there so called, but taking his descent from Cornish original, according to the word.

Rame is a long ridge of rocks, and here called Ramehead, because it is so formed towards the sea like a ram’s horn, which hath turnings in it to put mariners in mind thereof: in Cornish Pendenhar. Sailing along from thence by the sea side, we come to Millan Dreth, that is, a mill on the sea sand at Loo,[29] or Lough, which is a common name with most nations for a low or watery place, and so Port-Loo, and Port-pinnion, the little port, nigh to which also is Denloe, or Delough; and stepping a little from thence in the land, is Minhinnitt, which is a hill on a highway, and so indeed it is rightly styled; and the well of St. Lollo, and the foot of Liskeard. Near to it is Liskeard (a near neighbour thereto), some say a place affected; others take it from the Cornish word Leskeveres, like length, like breadth, a square, so it anciently was, and so fortified, as the castle walls yet in part remaining show. Some would not have us go so far back, but would have us take it from a physician so named, and a miracle supposed to be wrought by him there, and this may be right also; but then we must suppose that to be St. Luke the physician, and some ground there is for that also, for the most antient street thereof is to this day called St. Luke’s street. Luke’s Day also is their day of feasting, and for choice of their Governor. This agrees well enough with the former as the fortification of it; and towards the sea again we come to Lestwithiel. Some hold that to be lion’s tail or lion’s train; others take it to be ‘enough together.’ The place, though now grown much in decay, hath formerly been held the only shire town, and where the Knights of the Shire have been still chosen, and the Convocation of the Stanneries held, &c. A great hall was lately there, which was used for those purposes in my knowledge, belonging to the Dukes of Cornwall, who did the like when under them; and here also they kept their court and residence, near to which stands yet their castle Restormell, in Cornish a bellyfull of money, a place of honey; besides which the Dukes had seven others, Liskeard, Tintagell, Lanceston, and Trematon, which is in Cornish three hills on a green top, though that came to the Crown by attainder. As for the river Vz or Vzell, which some speak of, I suppose is a mistake; the river there is the river of Fowey, in Cornish Foath, which hath its head spring in the moors above it, Venton Foath, in English called Foycombwell and Aqua de Fowey. As it comes further down near Foath, is a town or place called Tywardreth, in Cornish, a town on the sand, or above the sand, which agrees well with its situation, where heretofore there stood a priory, the buildings whereof are now decayed. I may not forget as next to Foath the town of Polruan, which is now a small village of fishing, but heretofore famous, standing on the top of an ancient hill, where are the ruins of a spacious fair church, called yet by the name of St. Saviour’s, Polruan is in Cornish, a frosty bottom, or frosty pool, this being seated over against Foath; between those two towns heretofore there went athwart the river a chain of iron from a small castle on each side, for their security against foreigners by sea, but by their neglect of preserving it in time of peace, was stolen away from them by some boats that came from Dartmouth in Devon, and carried there, where the river is of equal breadth, and the harbour is much like that of Fowey, and hath over against the town of Dartmouth a little town called King’s Way, which answers to Polruan against Fowey. The Fowey men have attempted the restitution of their chain, but never could obtain it, because they had been so careless, it being the means of their own preservation formerly. Between these two neighbouring towns of Fowey and Polruan, standing one against the other, in the harbour between them, there used to be antiently a solemn contention of justing performed upon the river every May-day, upon two boats singled out of equal strength, from the one side and from the other, to encounter each other upon the water, there being a stage made on each of them, upon the end of the boat, for the several champions to stand on. Several boats were to row with six oars a-piece, rowing fiercely against one another. The champions were arrayed only in white, slightly but better armed about the breast and neck, and holding a lance rebated in the form of an oar (according to their trade); but a fierce attempt they make upon each other, and one or both of them is usually carried by the push to sound the depth of the harbour, and then a new supply of others for fresh encounter is called for again.

This I have seen to be performed in my time, and it usually drew abundance of people together to behold the sport from the hills on both sides, and from the town, with many others, with boats likewise upon the river, and not without need, to receive up and recover their dejected champions, who end their encounters in peace, not without liquor, the element of their contention.

Mevagissy, or Mevagissey, a hill to keep mares in.

Penwarn, a head beloved.

Bodrigan, a hill by the ebbing of the sea.

Dudman or Gubman, a place where much ore is cast in.

This spot of land called Bodrigan, a spacious fair barton looking towards the sea, was not very long since possessed by gentry of the same name, whose estate was great; and being forfeited to King Henry the Seventh, part thereof was given to Trevanion, a noble family of this county; but this Bodrigan, with many other lands, to Edgcombe, that Sir Richard Edgcombe, of whom let me deliver my judgment, that he was a witty, valiant, wise, good man, and a good commonwealth’s man. Witty, as appears by his hiding himself and throwing his cap and coat away for his preservation, O quantum est subditis casibus ingenium. Valiant, in that he was made a Knight Banneret at Bosworth field. Wise, in that he was made choice of for one of the Commissioners for the happy treaty of marriage of Margaret, the King’s eldest daughter, with James the Fourth, King of Scots, a happiness to the kingdom at this day. A good man, and not a pilferer of the people (as many were in those days); otherwise he would be named in Perkin Warbeck’s Declaration, set down by Chancellor Bacon. A good commonwealth’s man, as appears by that stately and costly fabric of Newbridge built by him.

Peale, a spire, lies to the north of Tolpenwith a mile, and it is the true Land’s-end. This spire, called the Pele, stood on a little island; between it and the shore there is room for a boat to pass with oars; the spire was ten fathom or more above the ordinary flux of the sea, very narrow on the top, hardly room for a man to sit on it; in the floor it was and is fourteen feet square. In the year before King Charles the First was beheaded, it was prodigiously cut off in the floor by a storm, and falling broke in three pieces.

Herles, truly interpreted Hercules’ Pillars, are a ridge of rocks a quarter of a mile in length, standing like pillars divided into small islands, and distant from the Pele a mile. From these by the north coast we come to St. Ives, in Cornish Port Eer of Geer, a port with a pool. Paddestow, so called by Saxon Angles, being Patherickstow. Another place near by, called Little Petherick, which partakes not of the Cornish at all; for in the Cornish it is Lethanneck, a place of much sea-sand, which agrees well with the site, much sea and much sand there is driven. A little above which is the house of Edmund Prideaux, esq. my kinsman, now called Place, formerly Guarandre, or Warthantre, i. e. above the town or above the sand; but that we may do right to latter times also, we find much mention to be made also of Patrickstow, and that St. Patrick, after much time spent in Ireland, and endowments of learning by long study were obtained, he came into Cornwall, and built a monastery there not far from the river of Severn, which comes home to that which is said by Archbishop Usher, as also to the name of the place. Locus ubi Petrocus consedit in Cornubia, Petrocstow, hodie Padstow nominatur, prius Laffeneck. Antiq. p. 292; and after thirty years went to Rome, &c. By other authors it is said, that at Bodmyn his body was buried but stolen from thence, and carried by one Martinus to the abbey of Menevy or Mein, in Little Britany; but upon complaint to the king it was restored, and brought back undiminished to the Prior of Bodmyn. b. §. p. 293. But whether this were to be understood of St. Patrick, the apostle of Ireland, it is altogether to be doubted, since as to the burial of his body there hath been so much contention that that should be at Glastonbury; but another Patrick there was, perhaps a third, and one of note too, stiled Sænor Sæenex Patricius, as appears by the learned primate. He is said to be at the same time, and that he was Domesticus Sancti Patricii. Another there was also at some hundred years distance. With one of these it may better accord than with the great Patricius, who it may be said, had his name Dignitatis causa, as was usual with the Romans and Athenians, his parental name being Moun or Muun.

The town of Stratton, in Cornish Straneton, a green dispersed with houses. Near this town is the place where the Cornish forces, on behalf of King Charles the Second, obtained the glorious victory over the rebellious army, anno 1643. In memory of which battle Sir Ralph Hopton was created Baron of Stratton, who afterwards dying without issue, the same title was conferred upon Sir John Berkley, both which lords were commanders in the Cornish army at that time.

There is a pretty vulgar fiction that Tamar, Tamara, being a subterraneous nymph, was courted and sought after by Tavy and Tawrage, who found her sitting under a bush at Morewinstow, the furthest part of Cornwall in the north. They being weary in searching after her, sat down by her and slept; she perceiving them to be fallen asleep, steals away from them suddenly and goes directly to the south. Tavy being first awakened, goes away silently after her, not acquainting his co-rival therewith. Tawrage that awakened last, finding them both gone, in haste rusheth out, and angrily runs away towards the north, foaming and fretting all along as he goes, till he loses himself in the Sabrina; whilst Tavy, on the Devon side, sends out some of his small streams to visit and court her, and to observe which way the nymph went, but she having got the start of him, leaves not of her speed till she comes into the Sound.

ANTIQUITIES CORNUONTANIC.

The causes of the Cornish Speech’s Decay.

1. The first and great cause of the decay of the Cornish speech was their want of a character, which not only contributed to the decay of the tongue, but to the vanquishing of the nation of the Britons, they being thereby disabled upon emergent occasions to write or communicate with one another against their invaders, and so “dum pugnabant singuli vincuntur universi,” as Tacitus says; and he also observes, “non aliud adversus validissimas gentes pro Romanis utilius quàm quod in commune non consulebant.”

What would have become of the Roman tongue, when the Goths and Vandals broke in upon Rome and all Italy, mixing the Roman tongue with their Runa-Gothica, if there had not been learned men (amounting to 160 elegant classical authors in Augustus his time) who preserved the tongue in their works?

I know it hath been and yet is the judgment of learned men, that the old Britons never had any character, yet I hope they will give me the liberty of declaring the reasons of my dissenting. I. It hath always been supposed that Ireland had a character; now Ireland was always accounted a British Island, however; yet I cannot positively affirm that the character which the Bishop of Tuam sets forth as British be really so, there seeming to be little difference between that and the old Saxon; neither can I consent to what he saith, that the Saxons, whom he calls their neighbours, learned their very characters from Ireland.

2. Though we may depend on Cæsar’s[30] authority, that Druidum doctrina non fuit literis mandata, sed memoriæ fuit, ne aut in vulgus proficiscentur, aut juventus qui eam perdiscebant negligentia aut in curia remitterent, which reasons, in my judgment, rather demonstrate that they had a character to communicate their doctrines by, if they had pleased to use it. II. The great use made of the Roman tongue, the laws of their conquest extending to letters and speech, as well as to territory; and where there is a delight, there are things best retained. Romanam Linguam Britanni non abnuebant, ut eloquentiam concupisserent. Tacit.

Fertur habere meos, si vera est fama, libellos Inter delicias pulchra Vienna suas. Dicitur et nostros cantare Britannia versus. Martial.[31]

Afri, Galli, Hispani avido arripuerunt et inducto novo paulatim oblituerunt veterum sermonem. Lips.

III. The great loss of Armorica, near unto us, by friendship, by cognition, by interest, by correspondence. Cornwall has received princes from thence, and they from us. We had heretofore mutual interchanges of private families, but as to our speech we are alike careless. We can understand words of one another, but have not the benefit of conferences with one another in our ancient tongue. I have met with some Friars born and bred there, who, one would think, should be able to discourse of their own pristine tongue, and of their own birthplaces, yet found them, though not totally ignorant that such things had been, yet insensible and careless of their former condition. They could tell me that my name Scawen, was in their tongue Elders, as here it is; that there are those that bear the same name, and one of them a bishop; but when he writ it he changed it to Sambucus, shewing thereby a mind declared to a new, rather than an inclination to his old name, and relation to his country speech.

IV. But, least the tender lamentations of those losses should be thought to put us out of memory of the loss of our tongue, the matter which we have in hand, we are here to mention a fourth cause, and that which most concerns this Peninsula of Cornwall, which is the giving over of the Guirremears,[32] which were used at the great conventions of the people, at which they had famous interludes celebrated with great preparations, and not without shews of devotion[33] in them, solemnized in open and spacious downs of great capacity, encompassed about with earthen banks, and in some part stone work of largeness to contain thousands, the shapes of which remain in many places at this day, though the use of them long since gone. These were frequently used in most parts of the county, at the conveniency of the people, for their meeting together, in which they represented, by grave actings, scriptural histories, personating patriarchs, princes, and other persons; and with great oratory pronounced their harangue, framed by art, and composed with heroic stile, such as have been known to be of old in other nations, as Gualterius,[34] an ancient father, hath been mentioned to be. This was a great means to keep in use the tongue with delight and admiration, and it continued also friendship and good correspondency in the people. They had recitations in them poetical and divine, one of which I may suppose this small relique of antiquity to be, in which the passion of our Saviour, and his resurrection, is described. They had also their Carols at several times, especially at Christmas, which they solemnly sung, and sometimes used, as I have heard, in their churches after prayers, the burden of which songs, “Nowell, Nowell, good news, good news of the Gospel,” by which means they kept the use of the tongue the better.

V. I cannot find that the British have boasted of many miracles done among them; if any such antiently there were, they were deprived of the memory of them by the Romans. I cannot affirm with so much reason (as some of our neighbours have done with confidence) who say, that at the last digging on the Haw for the foundation of the citadel of Plymouth, the great jaws and teeth therein found, were those of Gogmagog, who was there said to be thrown down by Corineus, whom some will have to be the founder of the Cornish;[35] nor am I able to assert, that some great instruments of war in brass, and huge limbs and portraitures of persons long ago, as some say that have been in some of the western parishes, were parts of giants, or other great men, who had formerly had their being there. But we may rather think those to be imaginary things or devices of old bards said to be there, though we have no certain memory of them neither. Nor may we think it strange that such things may be spoken of, since we may well credit some good historians, that write that Alexander, after that he had returned from his journey to India, caused a great representation to be made on the ground on the western side of the river Indus, of a huge campaign almost immeasurable, with tents, cabins, and platforms, and arms also, for horses, racks, and mangers, of such height as were not to be reached at; and that there were also scattered about the ground bits and bridles for horses, of extraordinary length and bigness, and that all this “ut de magnis majora loquantur,” and to make men think upon him and his miraculous acts with the more admiration.

VI. The sixth cause is, the loss of the ancient records, not of the Duchy or the Earldom of Cornwall, (which some affirm were burnt, and others lost in the ancient ruins of the castles of Rostormell, and other such,) but of those of whole Cornwall, whilst one of the four dynasties of this island, (or, as Pancirollus,) one of the five.

VII. The seventh cause is desuetude, or want of a continued use; and it is no wonder, if, after so many losses, the true use of the tongue vanished away or grew not into contempt. Speeches are compounded of words, and both of them of one nature, and continued according to their use, and of one of them it may be said as of the other

Multa recensentur quæ nunc cecidere, cadentque Quæ nunc sunt in honore vocabula, si volet usus.

Words many and tongues we recount, Which being fallen do oft remount, And those that are now priz’d by us, May fall to ground for want of use.

VIII. A general stupidity may be observed to be in the whole county. As to other matters monumental, there is little mention made of our antient stately fabrics amongst us, now ruinated; as to the founders of them, castles, battles fought, and other things: and as to churches (though we have abundance of fair ones for so small a county, where there is no city nor any great town in it) excellent foundations, but who the builders were we have no intelligence, only a great many false tutelaries of them we hear of. Little of the monasteries hath been said by those that have written copiously of others elsewhere. Scarcely anything of the ancient bishops here, or of the bishop’s see; only we know it to be said antiently, that it was removed from Bodmyn to St. German’s,[36] and that it was about anno 1000, Danorum turbine, from a country more open, to a place more woodland. The cathedral indeed might have been better memorized by Godwin in his Catalogue of Bishops, and enumeration of all the bishopricks; yet little is said of it or the four several chapels in several distinct places of the parish thereto belonging; and as for the monastery nothing at all. It is strange too that Mr. Camden should say, “Germani viculum nihil aliud est hodie, quam piscatorum casulæ:” whereas, there are no such things belonging to such a trade there seen, but instead thereof a cathedral, maintained at the great cost of the inhabitants, (though a great part, by an accident, about one hundred years since fell down,) a good monastical house yet undemolished, and hospitably inhabited, to the relief of poor people. The bishop’s seat and house are yet eminently extant in a Cornish name. The borough of St. German’s enjoys still the privilege of sending burgesses to Parliament by prescription. Pity it is that St. German, who came hither to suppress the Pelagian heresy, should have so bad a going off; for an old fable remains yet in report, that St. German being ill used fled away, leaving a sad curse behind him, to the cliffs at Rame near the head; where bewailing his misfortunes, the compassionating rocks in the cliffs shed tears with him, at a place ever since called St. German’s Well. True it is, such a spring there is, but the occasion of it cannot be more truly affirmed than the other part of the story that follows, viz. That he should be carried thence into remote countries by angels in a fiery chariot, the tract of whose wheels were said to be seen in those cliffs, but they are invisible. Thus much for the site of the place. As to the person of St. German, who perhaps never saw the place, I need not turn over old fabulous legends, nor a better sort who have written his life heretofore, but I may have liberty to relate what I have from the better hands of learned persons.[37] That besides his disputation and confutation of Pelagius at Verulam, and thereby freeing the church and nation from those heresies by a public edict from the Emperor Valentinian, whereby they were no more troubled with them afterwards, he the said St. German did other great works for this land, viz. 1st. the institution of schools of learning among the Britons; Dubritius and Iltutus being both of them his disciples. Dubritius was made Archbishop of Carlehon; Iltutus sent to Lan Iltut, a church bearing his name to this day; and one Daniell, made Bishop of Bangor; from these famous men the monastery of Bangor, and other monasteries in this land, were so well furnished with learned men, at the coming in of St. Austin from the Pope, they stood upon discreet and honourable terms.

2. The introduction of the Gallican Liturgy into use in the churches of Britany, which was ever different from the Romans, and thereby a happy means to have kept this nation from so much acquaintance with the Pope, as they had with him afterwards, to their great trouble. It is also said that St. Patrick, who carried over into Ireland the education monastic, and good principles therewith, and is held to be the Apostle of Ireland, spent many years under the discipline of St. German, when he came hither; who, after he had been employed in the embassy to the Emperor at Ravenna, died there one year before the Saxons’ arrival.

All this time we are left in the dark concerning the fabric of the Monastery of St. German’s, which could not be built till two or three hundred years perhaps after the Saxons got a perfect dominion here over the land, but we may believe that that and the cathedral might be dedicated to his memory afterwards, in respect of the many good works he had done elsewhere.

IX. As we have had an ill registry of monumental matters, so for five or six centuries past (before the two last), I doubt we had but few learned men here, which induces me to put that to the ninth cause of the decay of the Cornish tongue. After the suppression of the Druids, and that Christianity was received, yet learning decayed some while amongst the people, the best of them being carried abroad by the Romans and never returned; and then the supposed Saints coming in after them, made no reparation thereof, but by their supposed miracles, with which they entertained the people. So they had very few learned men amongst them, places of breeding and obtaining learning being remote, scarcely approachable, and the nation in continual troubles and dangers; and for latter times such learned men as came to us, seeing our own neglect of our tongue, have thought it not fit to take the pains to inquire into it, as a thing obscure and not fit to be studied by them, and so suffered to decay insensibly by them and the inhabitants.

X. The Cornish tongue hath mostly resided for some ages past in the names of the people, the gentry chiefly, and in the names of places, observed to be significant mostly as to the site, &c. or for some things eminent about them. Concerning both these, I must take liberty to shew how the speech has been invaded, and eaten up by intrusion, much of which hath been about churches and their sites, as well as by neglectful inobservation; for those Saxon saints have hungrily eaten up the antient names, which, when they could not well digest for hardness of the words, many catched up others from those whom they fieigned to be the tutelaries of those places, churches, and fountains, and supposed miracles wrought thereabouts, as St. Kaine, St. Gurrion, St. Tudy, St. Ive, St. Endellion, St. Kue, Landulph, St. Ust, St. Just, St. Marthren, &c. Of St. Mardren’s Well,[38] (which is a parish west to the Mount) a fresh true story of two persons, both of them lame and decrepit, thus recovered from their infirmity. These two persons, after they had applied themselves to divers physicians and chirurgeons for cure, and finding no success by them, they resorted to St. Mardren’s Well, and according to the ancient custom, which they had heard of, the same which was once in a year, to wit, on Corpus Christi evening, to lay some small offering on the altar there, and to lie on the ground all night, drink of the water there, and in the morning after, to take a good draught more, and to take and carry away some of the water, each of them in a bottle, at their departure. This course these two men followed, and within three weeks they found the effect of it, and by degrees their strength increasing, were able to move themselves on crutches. The year following they take the same course again, after which they were able to go with the help of a stick; and at length one of them, John Thomas, being a fisherman, was, and is able at this day, to follow his fishing craft. The other, whose name was William Cork, was a soldier under the command of my kinsman, Colonel William Godolphin, (as he has often told me) was able to perform his duty, and died in the service of his majesty King Charles I. But herewith take also this: one Mr. Hutchens, a person well known in those parts, and now lately dead, being parson of Ludgvan, a near neighbouring parish to St. Mardren’s Well, he observing that many of his parishioners often frequented this well superstitiously, for which he reproved them privately, and sometimes publicly in his sermons; but afterwards, he the said Mr. Hutchens, meeting with a woman coming from the well with a bottle in her hand, desired her earnestly that he might drink thereof, being then troubled with cholical pains, which accordingly he did, and was eased of his infirmity. The latter story is a full confutation of the former, for if the taking the water accidentally thus prevailed upon the party to his cure, as it is likely it did, then the miracle which was intended to be by the ceremony of lying on the ground and offering, is wholly fled, and it leaves the virtue of the water to be the true cause of the cure. And we have here, as in many places of the land, great variety of salutary springs, which have diversity of operations, which by natural reason have been found to be productive of good effects, and not by miracle, as the vain fancies of monks and friars have been exercised in heretofore.

Howbeit, there are some old names yet remaining of places of prayers or oratories, and the ruins shewing them to be such, as V. Gr. Paderda, which is prayers good, (of which many places are so named); Eglarose, the church in the vale, supposed antienter than the names of their churches. Their sites are eminent and ancient, standing towards the east, though no mention made how they came to be in decay, but supposed to be after the Saxon churches came to be erected, and miracles supposed to be wrought by those whose names they bear. Churches’ sites took new names, whereas the old Cornish names remain in all other places of the parishes generally; yet the names of the four old castles remain, and of manors also for the most part, and some other things in the Cornish, and do so continue the better, by reason of men’s particular interest in them: and so are the eminent hills likewise, especially towards the sea, and the hundred or hamlet names of the country remain so chiefly in the western parts; those on the eastern, standing towards the borders, have their names wrested away by neighbourhood, as are other things by like accidents in the eastern parts of the county; other names have been encroached upon by fantastical or vainglorious builders calling their houses after their own names, and others upon vain toys; but these are not many. Moreover, concerning the loss of our speech, and the names of families, I must here (but tenderly though) blame the incuriosity of some of our gentry; who, forsaking the etymologies of their own speech, have studied out new derivations of their names, endeavouring to make themselves as it were descended from French or Norman originals, in adopting or adapting their names thereunto; whereas, their own names in the Cornish are more honourable, genuine, and true; from the Conquest, forsooth, those would have their descent, (no illustrious thing in itself) whereas the ancestry of many of them have been here long before. How finely many have cozened themselves thereby, might be shewn, if it would not be offensively taken, by taking up of coat armour as from French originals. The art of heraldry hath been drawn out to us in French terms and trickings, mostly begun when our kings had most to do in those parts, and so from thence it hath continued ever since; and our Cornish gentry, finding the English so much addicted thereunto, have followed in that tract the same mode, and would fain have themselves understood such, when they were much better before than those French or Latin terms could make them, in which many of the English may be blamed as well as we; for the herald’s art hath many mysteries in it under their French and Latin terms, and many mistakes may be thereby to us and others who are not well acquainted with them, but in those that concern our own tongue, it is evident many have wronged themselves, and more may do so if not well heeded.

The grounds of two mistakes are very obvious. 1st. Upon the Tre or Ter. 2dly. Upon the Ross or Rose. Tre or Ter in Cornish commonly signifies a town, or rather place, and it has always an adjunct with it. Tri is the number. 3. Those men willingly mistake one for another; and so in French heraldry terms, they use to fancy and contrive those with any such three things as may be like or cohere with, or may be adapted to any thing or things in their surnames; whether very handsome or not, is not much stood upon. Another usual mistake is upon Ross, which, as they seem to fancy, should be a rose; but Ross in Cornish is a vale or valley. Now for this their French-Latin tutors, when they go into the field of Mars, put them in their coat armour prettily to smell out a rose or flower (a fading honour instead of a durable one); so any three such things, agreeable perhaps a little to their names, are taken up and retained from abroad, when their own at home have a much bttter scent and more lasting.

Some, however, amongst us, have kept themselves better to the antiquities of their Cornish names in their coat armour, as that honourable family Godolphin,[39] in keeping still displayed abroad his white eagle, from the Cornish Gothulgon. Richard, king of the Romans, Emperor elect, supplied his Cornish border with silver (perhaps tin) plates, deducing them from the antient earls of Cornwall, as borne by them before the Norman Conquest, and, in honour to them and himself, still bearing the same afterwards. Chiverton, whose name in Cornish is a house on a green place or hill, he beareth a coat thereunto accordant, a castle with a green field under it; which may be well thought on as to the name in[40] Cornish, though, in the heraldry it had been more complete. V. a castle A. as I apprehend; Scaberius, which is sweepers or sweeping, A. 3 broom besoms V.; Gavergan, a goat; Keverel, a he-goat, or he-goats; that creature taking most delight, as it is observed, in the cliffs thereabout. These are better significations taken from home, than the other that are foreign; and yet the assumption of a coat from any particular act of a man’s own, is better than such as have reference barely to names, without some special signification therewith.

I had thoughts formerly, and made preparation to give many more instances, where many amongst us have been mistaken in those two particulars; but since it is a hard thing to convince men of old errors, and a harder to make a question against any concerning their gentelicions and the old forms thereof, though intended more for their honour, I shall forbear the further prosecution thereof; but in this, however, I shall do them right, that they, i. e. their ancestors, in this way thus trodden, have walked generally as antiently as any other gentry of this nation, and to my seeming, it had been better if they had stood still super vias antiquas avorum suorum, since most of those ancient families who have strayed abroad as aforesaid, have yet some of them, and many more had, lands and places of their own names in their possession long enjoyed; and a nearer passage it had been to their journey’s end, viz. their honour, if they had not adventured abroad: a testimony whereof we have in that great contention which happened in the time of King Edward III. between Carminow of this county (a family to which most of the ancient gentry here have relation) and a great person[41] of the nation, for bearing of one and the same coat armour, Azure, a bend Or. After many heats about it, a reference was made of it by the king to the most eminent Knights of that time, of which John of Gaunt, King of Castille, was one, before whom Carminow proved his right by the continual bearing thereof, and that before the Conquest, which was not disapproved nor disallowed, but applauded: yet, because the other contendant was a baron of the realm, Carminow was adjudged to bear the same coat still, but a file in chief for distinction sake. The decision was no way dishonourable, and the remembrance of the contention continued to the glory of his posterity, to which his motto in Cornish seems to have an allusion――in English, “A Straw for Whifflers or Dissemblers;” or as some have said to be, “A Fig Cala Rag Whetlow;” but we may take the same better, I think, from the very name of Carminow being in Cornish a rock immoveable, as a sign of his resolution, from thence, or formerly taken up.

Having gone through this passage, which I know not how it may be taken by my countrymen, let me make this observation, that since the gentry here have thought fit, or endeavoured by mistake, to forsake the antiquity of their Cornish names, and thereby their greatest interest, might perhaps prognosticate that their language, which was their ancient glory, should in revenge forsake them, as now it hath almost done; and I shall proceed to assign some other causes of the decay thereof.

XI. The vicinity, or near neighbourhood with Devon. I may say that vicinity only with the Devonians, we having none else, which next to the corruption of tongues by time and superstition to saints, hath most devoured the names of places, especially on the borders of Cornwall with Devon; and there is the worst language commonly spoken, and spoken rudely too, which corrupts not only their own country tongue but ours also, in the places that are nearest to them, and those infect others nearest to them. The names of the places are thereby also much altered in the Cornish, which antiently they had generally, and the particulars that do yet appear, do stand as marks only to shew that what were formerly had are now much eaten away, on the borders especially. ’Tis observed also elsewhere in this county furthest west, where the Cornish hath been most spoken, that the English thereabouts is much better than the same is in Devon, or the places bordering on them, by being most remote from thence from whence the corruption proceeds.

XII. Our gentry, and others, antiently kept themselves in their matches unmixt, commonly at home in their own country, both sons and daughters desiring much to do so, whereby they preserved their names here, and races the better; and when their names changed, it hath been observed to be to the places of their abode, sometimes willingly, sometimes by accident. So it hath continued the Cornish names to the places, and consequently the tongue. But indeed of late our gentry have frequently sought out foreign marriages in other counties, whereby, though it may be confessed they have brought in much wealth, and have goodly inheritances abroad, yet their offsprings have been dissipated, and their affection less intire to the county, the country-men, and country speech; yet it is to be observed, that not many of them have been very prosperous or of long continuance in other counties, where they cannot muster up very many of our names of gentry, Prideaux, Trevilian, Tregonwell, Penruddock, and a few others excepted, which shews that our Cornish are like those trees that thrive best and live longest in their own peculiar soil and air, which yet is fruitful and durable to those that come in amongst us. Not only gentry, which are very many, that have great inheritance by their matches here with Cornish families, but many others also, which seldom leave this country when they have been planted here.

XIII. The coming-in of strangers of all sorts upon us, artificers, traders, home-born and foreigners, whom our great commodities of tin (more profitable to others than ourselves) and fishing, have invited to us to converse with, and often to stay with us; these all, as they could not easily learn our tongue, for which they could not find any guide or direction, especially in these latter days, nor the same generally spoken or affected amongst ourselves, so they were more apt and ready to let loose their own tongues to be commixed with ours, and such, for the novelty sake thereof, people were more ready to receive than to communicate ours to any improvement to them. But ministers in particular have much decreased the speech; this country being far from academies, strangers from other parts of the kingdom have sought, as they still do, and have had their promotions here, where benefices are observed to be very good, and those have left their progenies, and thereby their names, remaining behind them, whereby the Cornish names have been diminished, as the tongue also: so that, as the reputed saints heretofore where they seated themselves, have robbed the places where their churches now stand for the most part of the Cornish names they had before, so the ministers since those times coming from other places, and other strangers, have filled up in many places the inhabitants and places here with their new names and titles brought amongst us, to the loss of many of the old. Here too we may add what wrong another sort of strangers have done to us, especially in the civil wars, and in particular by destroying of Mincamber, a famous monument, being a rock of infinite weight, which, as a burden, was laid upon other great stones, and yet so equally thereon poised up by nature only, as a little child could instantly move it, but no one man or many remove it. This natural monument all travellers that came that way desired to behold; but in the time of Oliver’s usurpation, when all monumental things became despicable, one Shrubsall, one of Oliver’s heroes, then governor of Pendennes, by labour and much ado caused to be undermined and thrown down, to the great grief of the country, but to his own great glory as he thought, doing it as he said, with a small cane in his hand. I myself have heard him to boast of this act, being a prisoner then under him.

XIV. Another cause I shall mention as a great loss of the tongue, though it be a great and wonderful advantage to the people otherwise: the orders of the church and state, commanding all the people young to learn the Lord’s Prayer, Belief, &c. in the vulgar tongue, supposing that to be intended the English, if a mother, surely a stepmother to us. Younglings take in that most, and retain longest, wherewith they are seasoned and bred up in their education.

Herein we must complain also of another new neglect to our speech, that the like care was not taken for us as for our brethren in Wales, in the making of the late act of Parliament for the uniformity of the Common Prayer, by which the five Bishops for Wales were commanded to see the Service Book to be printed in the Welch tongue. If it had been so here it had been a good counterpoise for the loss formerly mentioned concerning the young people; this might also perhaps have saved us some labour in this our undertaking, and it would have been of good use for some of our[42] old folks also, for we have some among these few that do speak Cornish, who do not understand a word of English, as well as those in Wales, and those may be many in some of the western parts, to whom Mr. Francis Robinson, parson of Landawednack told me, he had preached a sermon not long since in the Cornish tongue, only well understood by his auditory. This should have been taken into consideration by our gentlemen burgesses in that and other Parliaments, and by our bishops also; but better it had been if our ancient bishops when they fled hither from their invaders, had brought with them a character of their ancient speech, or left books written therein; or, in defect thereof, they or any other had done for us as Ulphius the bishop did for the Goths when they came to be seated in Italy, who there invented new Gothic letters for his people, and translated the Holy Scriptures into that language for them. This indeed had deserved our greatest thanks from our bishops, as no doubt they had them from those persons who received so great a benefit by their former and latter kindness therein; nor let that good old bishop Ulphius be censured (as he seems to be) for doing a superfluous work, because he might perhaps know that the then service of the church was celebrated in the Greek and Latin tongues, but rather let him be commended for his zeal in religion, and his love to his country and to his country people then with him, dwelling with strangers in another land, that continued so mindful of them and their speech, as we have been neglectful of ours. He by that means continued that tongue in use; we by his example might have regained ours, if the like care had been taken; but our people, as I have heard, in Queen Elizabeth’s time, desired that the Common Liturgy should be in the English tongue, to which they were then for novelty’s sake affected, not out of true judgment desired it. But, besides negligence, fatality is to be considered; fatality is a boundary beyond which nothing can pass; it hath been eminent in kingdoms and states, and those have had commonly fatal periods, as to a time determined five hundred years commonly. But more usual it is, that upon such mutations of kingdoms there have happened losses and mutations of tongues; it may therefore be the more wondered at, that this of the British, being none of the learned tongues to which the Lord had intrusted the writing of his Sacred Scriptures, should have here lasted so long through so many mutations, and that there is yet such a record thereof, as our old manuscript imports, with the purity of the doctrine therein contained, and some other small things in the Bodleian Library.

XV. The little or no help, rather discouragement, which the gentry and other people of our own have given in these latter days, who have lived in those parts where the tongue hath been in some use. In the time of the late unhappy civil war, we began to make some use of it upon the runnagates that went from us to the contrary part from our opposite works, and more we should have done if the enemy had not been jealous of them, and prevented us. This may be fit to be improved into somewhat, if the like occasion happen, for it may be talked freely and aloud to advantage, to which no other tongue hath reference. The poorest sort at this day, when they speak it as they come abroad, are laughed at by the rich that understand it not, which is by their own fault in not endeavouring after it.

XVI. The want of writing it is the great cause of its decay; for, though there wanted a proper character for it, yet we might have written it in the character now in use, but I never saw a letter written in it from one gentleman to another, or by any scholar; which is to be wondered at, and blamed as a thing unbecoming such as ought to be studious in every thing that is ancient: but since I began to set about this work, I prevailed upon those that translated it to write me several letters, which they at first found very hard to be done; but after some practice it seemed easier.

Here I cannot but lament the want of such persons, books, records and papers, which were late in being, and not now to be had, and my misfortune in not having translated them, that most unhappily escaped me; one was the manuscript of Anguin, who had translated out of Cornish into English ―――― his relations, after his decease, (having suits before me as Vice-Warden of the Stanneries for tin bounds) promised me the favour of those translations, but before their return to their houses, their people tearing all about for their controverted goods, had torn to pieces all those papers. In another place I was promised the sight of a Cornish Accidence; but that by another such-like accident was totally spoiled by children before it could be brought me. I have heard also that a Matins in Cornish was amongst the books of Dr. Joseph Maynard, but I could never attain to it. But besides the no helps by which I lie in this labyrinth, I have likewise had discouragements amongst ourselves at home. I have been often told that, besides the difficulty of the attempt, it would be thought ridiculous for one to go about the restoring of that tongue which he himself could not speak nor understand truly when spoken, to which I have made answer with these two following instances: one is of a countryman of ours, Langford by name; who being blind was yet able to teach others the noble science of defence, only he desired to know still the length of the weapon of his fellow combatant, with a guess of his posture, and this he practised with good success. The other is of one Grizling, of whom Mr. Camden says, that he being deaf could see words; that is, that notwithstanding his deafness he could answer any man’s question that set at table with him by the motion of his lips. This man I have seen also, and he would complain of such men as in those days wore great munchadoes, as they then called them, i. e. nourishing of much hair, by which he was hindered somewhat of the observation of their lips.

I may place these two men, one blind, the other deaf, for these qualities among the observable things of the county, knowing them to be true,――if the mentioning these examples in their comparison do not excuse me from being laughed at by those men that have censured me for my attempt.

Hic facit Adam et dicit Deus.

Dol ony onen ha try, Tas ha Sap yn Trynyte Ny ad eura ty then abry, haual dagan fare whare Ny a euhyth yn the vody sperys sans hylly beene Han been nans pan yn kylly, then dozty a del arte

Adam saf yn van yn clor, ha tryt the gyk ha the woys Preder my theth wull a dor, haual theym an pen then troys Myns us yntryr hag yn mor, evarnethe kemer halloys Yn bysma rag dry astor ty a veea bys mafy toys.

Adam del of Den aras, bos guythys a uronty af thys Kybar Paradys myathas saen gara un dra a govys War bup, frut losoen ha has, avo hynny hy teays Sacu yn frut ny fyth kymmyas, yea proen askyens hyulkis.

Nara tybbryth a henna, yen hyneuis pren askyens Ynnes a lena tya, hag a fyth marroeu vernens.

In English thus:

So are we one and three, Father and Son in Trinity, We make thee to us of clay like to our face anon, We will breath in thy body spirit holy, and ointment on his head, And life when lost to the earth thou must again.

Adam rise thou up in strength, and turn to flesh and blood; Think I came all of earth like me from head to foot; All that’s on land and sea upon them take thou authority, In this world from bring forth thou shalt have thee allowed.

Adam so of God’s grace but keep what’s granted thee; Take Paradise I appoint, only leave the thing thou ought. On each fruit herb and seed that in it is growing, Except the fruit thou shalt not take――that’s the tree of knowledge forbidden.

Do not eat of that’s named the tree of knowledge, Out from thence thou must and shalt die the death.

By this small part of a greater piece given (as I conceive) for Welsh, by a Welsh gentleman, it appears how near the Cornish and Welsh tongues are affined.

ANGLICK. CORNWALLECK.

Our Father which art in Ny Taz oz yn neau, bonegas heaven, hallowed be thy yw tha hanaw, tha name, thy kingdom come, gwtakath doaz, tha bonogath thy will be done on earth as bo gwrez en nove porarag it is in heaven; give us this en neau, roe thenyen day our daily bread; and dythma gon dyth bara giuians forgive us our trespasses, as ny gan cabu ura chen; we forgive them that trespass ledia ny ara idn tentation, against us; and lead us buz diluer ny thact deog. not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.

I believe in God the Father Mea greez en du Taz olgologack Almighty, maker of heaven y wrig en neu han and earth; and in Jesus noare. Ha yn Jesu Crest Christ his only son our y vabe hag agan arlyth avy, Lord, who was conceived by conseviys daz an Speriz the Holy Ghost, born of the Sanz, geniz thurt an voz Virgin Mary, suffered under Mareea, sufferai dadn; Pont Pontius Pilate, was crucified, Pilatt, ve gocis dan vernans dead, and buried. He ha bethis, ha thes kidnias descended into hell; the the yffarn, y sauas arta third day he rose again from yn trysa dyth, ha deriffians the dead; he ascended into da neau ha seth war deghow heaven, and sitteth at the dornyndue taz olgologack right hand of God the Father Thurt ena eu za Almighty, from thence doaz tha juga yn braw han he shall come to judge the vazaw. quick and the dead.

I believe in the Holy Me a greez yn Spiriz Ghost, the Holy Catholic Sanz, Sanz Cathalick Eglis, Church, the forgiveness of yn Communion yn Sanz, yn sins, the resurrection of the geiyanson pegh, yn derivyans body, and the life everlasting. yn corff, han bowians ragnuera andellazobo.

[25] Dr. Hammond’s Exposition to the Apocalypse.

[26] Tit. Dij et Homines, 1. 3. p. 457, cap. 163.

[27] Gr. Naz. in Trag.

[28] Here passing down the river, I would willingly have given by the way an account of the antient Cornish name of that eminent place now called Mount Edgcombe, but by reason that the present, and some other generations, have been so much inclined to the name it now bears, and the other generations before them had given it the name of West Stonehouse, as in relation to that on the eastern side of the river East Stonehouse, where the mansion of those gentlemen formerly was, (according to which I have seen an entry of it, Cum Perco et Passagio, in an antient Ouster le main) I could not attain to it.

[29] Off from Seaton, a valley between Ramehead and Loo, there is to be seen in a clear day in the bottom of the sea, a league from the shore, a whole wood of timber on its side, uncorrupted.

[30] Cæsar de Bello Gallico, lib. VI. ch. 14. Neque fas esse existimant, ea literis mandare cum in reliquis Græcis utantur literis. Id mihi duabus de causis instituisse videntur; quod neque in vulgum disciplinam efferi velint; neque eos, qui discant literis, confisos minus memorise studere.――Ed.

[31] The two first lines are from Lib. VII. Ep. 88. The last line from Lib. XI. Ep. 3.――Ed.

[32] Signification of which word in Cornish is “speeches great.”

[33] And so were the other devotions exercised, sub Dio, as you may see by the discourse of Ed. Jones.

[34] Gualterius, mentioned by Archbishop Laud in a speech in the Star Chamber.

[35] These bones must evidently have been found in a Cavern, the nature of which has been most ably ascertained and described by Doctor Buckland; and the Rev. Richard Hennah has examined another cavern of precisely the same nature, comprising bones of various large Mammalia, in the limestone formation, not far from Plymouth.――Ed.

[36] At St. German’s, the place of the author’s nativity, endowed by King Etheldred with lands, liberties, and privileges, but what or where non patet.

[37] Archbishop Usher, in Primordiis. Bishop of St. Asaph. Dr. Stillingfleet, Orig. Britt.

[38] Bishop Hall, in his Mystery of Godliness, says, that a cripple, who for sixteen years together was fain to walk upon his hands, by reason the sinews of his legs were contracted, upon monitions in his dreams to wash in St. Mardren’s Well, was suddenly so restored to his limbs, that he saw him both able to walk and get his own maintenance.

[39] Godolanac, in the Phœnician, is a place of tin.

[40] So Molenneck, signifying Goldfinches, a chevron Sable, between three goldfinches Proper.

[41] Lord Scroope.

[42] Amongst which, as one of the fresh antiquities of Cornwall, let not the old woman be forgotten, who died about two years since, who was 164 years old, of good memory, and healthful at that age, living in the parish of Gwithian, by the charity mostly of such as came purposely to see her, speaking to them (in default of English) by an interpreter, yet partly understanding it. She married a second husband after she was 80, and buried him after he was 80 years of age. Her maiden name no one could remember, nor perhaps she herself. She was usually called after her two husbands’ several names severally and sometimes together, as it is usual for the meaner sort of people to do. As for her maiden name, she might say with a wench in Petronius, “Junonem meam iratam habeam si unquam meminerim me virginem fuisse.”

VI.

WILLIAM OF WORCESTER’S ITINERARY.

As no account of William of Worcester is to be found in the common Biographical Dictionaries and Encyclopedias, it has been thought proper to prefix a short notice of his life and character to the following extract from his Itinerary:

William was the son of William of Worcester, and of Elizabeth, the daughter of Thomas Bottoner. His surname he took indifferently from either; and he is consequently sometimes denominated William Worcester, and William Bottoner. Bishop Tanner describes him as descended of a knightly family, but upon what evidence is not known; yet from certain passages in the Itinerary his father would seem to have been a substantial householder.

He was born in the parish of St. James at Bristol in the year 1415; and as he speaks of a stone vault in that city as having been built in 1428, at his own expense, it is probable that he lost his father, and came to his inheritance at a very early age. Of his childhood nothing is known; but there is some reason to suppose that he was taught the rudiments of learning by Robert Lane, whom he has commemorated as a very eminent schoolmaster at Bristol when he was a youth. In 1432 he first went to Oxford, where he was admitted of Hart Hall, now Baliol College.

It is said, that he was supported at the University by the celebrated Sir John Fastolf; the same who, in his own day, had great renown for his valour and munificence, and who was afterwards exposed to dishonour by Shakspere, with a trifling variation of his name, and a considerable distortion of his character. But it may be presumed that Worcester was indebted not so much to his bounty as to his protection; for if we may judge of Worcester’s patrimony from the few notices he has given us of his father’s property in Bristol, it is not likely that his own means would have been inadequate to the small expense of a collegiate course in those simple times; and we may therefore believe, that the connection which subsisted between Worcester and Fastolf, was merely a compliance with the general custom of the age, when youths of gentlemanly birth and competent fortune sought the patronage and entered the household of wealthy and powerful men. But, however this might have been, it is certain that he afterwards lived with Sir John at Caister, in Norfolk, where he acted as the knight’s secretary and confidential friend, and subsequently as one of his executors.

At Oxford Worcester prosecuted his studies with great diligence and success; and we are informed that he became eminent for his knowledge of history, medicine, and astronomy. On these subjects he is said to have written many books: yet it is likely that they were rather extracts and memorandums, than original and formal compositions. Besides these, he executed some translations from the classics; and we learn from his Itinerary, that on the tenth of August 1473, he presented the Bishop of Winchester with a translation of Cicero on Old Age. He tells us, however, that this gift was not sufficient to conciliate the good prelate’s regard; but he seems to insinuate, that the failure was owing less to the faults of the performance, than to the intervention of an enemy. Yet, whatever he might have suffered from the malice of his neighbours, it is possible, that the offering itself was considered of small value; and it might have been the less esteemed, if it be true, that the same treatise had been already rendered into English by John Tiptoft, the accomplished and unfortunate Earl of Worcester.

But it is on very slender evidence that this nobleman is said to have translated Cicero on Old Age. He had left in manuscript a translation of Cicero on Friendship; and when Caxton printed it, many years after his death, with an anonymous version of the essay on Old Age, in the same volume, he was at once supposed to have been the author of both; but the translation, thus published without a name, was professedly executed in honour of Sir John Fastolf, the friend and patron of William of Worcester; and as it is well known that many of his dependant’s literary performances were undertaken expressly for his sake, and, as at the same time William of Worcester might have been easily confounded with the Earl of Worcester, there is considerable probability that William, and not the Earl, was the author of the translation in question, and consequently William could not have suffered on a comparison with him in the manner suggested. Nor is it sufficient objection to this inference, that the productions of a writer, whose style has been chosen as an example of the barbarous taste of the age in which he lived, were not likely to be imputed to one whose extraordinary attainments had won the admiration of the polished and fastidious scholars of Italy; for whatever might have been the Earl’s superiority in classical knowledge, it does not appear that he had cultivated his native tongue with greater care than his contemporaries; and William of Worcester might not have fallen below him in the rude and unsettled English of that time.

Of William’s writings, of whatever kind, very little is now extant; and though for a few things the credit which he deserved has been given to others, it has been reasonably conjectured, that he has enjoyed in return the merit of some performances of which he was not the author; but however he might have laboured in the promotion of learning, he loved the acquisition of it so well, that he was accustomed to say, he found more pleasure in his books than some men derived from their estates; and to the attainments which he had made at the University, he added, by the help of one Giles, a Lombard, some acquaintance with French and Poetry.

Yet study was insufficient to satisfy him without observation: τὸ εἰδέναι δίττον ἔλεγεν εἶναι· τὸ μὲν ἐπιστήμῃ, τὸ δὲ τῇ πείρᾳ. He consequently sought to enlarge his knowledge by travelling; and he has been considered worthy of respect as the earliest topographer of England, “Primum Angliæ perlustratorem ne flocci facias;” but however this may be, he is certainly the first traveller who has left us any memorials of a journey into Cornwall; and the interest and value which his observations derive from this circumstance, have made them worthy of a place in the present Appendix.

The book, in which these notices are found, is entitled Itinerarium, sive Liber Rerum Memorabilium Willelmi Botoner dict. de Worcester. It had existed in manuscript only, till the year 1778, when it was published at Cambridge, from the original autograph in the Library of Corpus Christi College, by James Nasmith, formerly a Fellow of that Society. Besides this, indeed, there is another manuscript of the journal in the same library, but it is only a copy of the former, made by the procurement of Archbishop Parker; and as it is very incorrect, it is of no value in itself, and could have been of little use to the editor.

This Itinerary seems to have been a memorandum book, which the author kept with him on his journeys, not only into this county, but to other parts of this kingdom; and accordingly we find it stored with desultory notices of separate facts, and distant places, and abounding with trifling and unconnected observations, which seem to have been associated on the same page, only as the book was accidentally opened, and recorded rather from some present impulse, than with any settled and ultimate design. Nothing can be more rude than the style, or more worthless than many of the statements; and whatever might have been the writer’s real intention, it is very certain that his remarks, in the condition which they have actually come down to us, could not have been meant for publication. It might have been his purpose, when leisure and opportunity should serve, to arrange and expand the hasty and unconnected notes thus made by the way; but the brevity of the greater number would have insufficiently secured him against perplexities and mistakes; and as he might have erred occasionally through the acknowledged failure of his memory, or the unconscious influence of his imagination, it is possible that a careful and regular composition subsequently made, might have been less useful, than even the confused and scanty memorandums we possess.

Worcester came into Cornwall in the year 1478. Mr. Whitaker says, that it was in 1440. How he could have committed such a mistake, it is difficult to conceive, as the date is expressly recorded in the Itinerary itself. Mr. Polwhele, indeed, appears to have erred likewise; for, according to him, William’s journey was performed in 1473; but this is evidently nothing more than a misprint. In one of our county histories, the journey is stated to have occurred in 1460: it is probable, however, that the writer had never seen the Itinerary.

He set out from Norwich, on Monday the 17th of August, and reached London on the Thursday following. On the first of September he came to Bristol, and took his departure for Cornwall on the next day. He arrived at Launceston on Sunday the 13th, and on Monday pursued his journey towards the west. Near Bodmin his horse fell with him, but it does not appear that he received any injury. On Tuesday night he slept at Polwhele; and having visited the preaching friars at Truro on Wednesday, he came in the evening to Marazion. The next morning, Thursday 17th of September 1478, he attended mass in the chapel on the Mount. In the afternoon of the same day, he departed for Penryn; and going thence to Bodmin, he returned eastward, through the towns on the south coast. The towns and villages on the north coast of Cornwall he did not visit; and the statements which he makes respecting them, were merely the result of his inquiries. He seems, indeed, to have been as diligent in seeking information from others, as in making observations of his own; and no persons, whether smiths, ropers, or ferrymen, were considered unfit to furnish him with the knowledge which he wanted for his journal. Amongst those in Cornwall, from whom he learned most, was his cousin, Robert Bracey, at Fowey; but it is likely that he depended mainly upon the secular and regular clergy, who entertained him on the road, and gave him access to their chronicles and registers.

With regard to the nature and purpose of this journey, from the manner of the record itself, it would not be easy to conjecture, whether it was undertaken with feelings of devotion or of curiosity. The coldness of the whole narrative, and the careless brevity with which the accomplishment of the acknowledged object is related, were scarcely consistent with a fervid and lively devotion; and the insertion of so many facts and observations, which must have been useless when they were written, and now owe their value to their subsequent antiquity, while the documents of early times, and the traditions of the people, were almost wholly neglected, could not have happened under the influence of an active and judicious curiosity. And besides this, when William of Worcester was in Cornwall, it was impossible for an intelligent visitor to overlook the state of our ecclesiastical architecture. Many of our present churches had been recently built, and others were then building; and some account of their style and condition, of their founders and builders, and of the circumstances attending their erection, would have been far more amusing to his contemporaries than what he wrote, and of unspeakable interest in after times. And any other man, we may suppose, would have found something to say of the manners and habits of the people, and of their mines and fisheries; but from William of Worcester we know only by implication or accident, that he travelled in an inhabited country.

Yet without devotion he would not have visited the Mount, and without curiosity he would have made no observations by the way. The shrine of St. Michael, which had been the resort of superstitious people in remote times, had lately recovered its ancient reputation, after an interval of some accidental obscurity; and pilgrims were again attracted by the privileges conferred on it in the eleventh century, and were coming even from distant places in considerable numbers. William of Worcester was one of these; and as his penitence had brought him so far, it might be thought that his admiration would have delayed his return.

But the hospitalities of a place so ‘kind to strangers,’ the natural beauties of the Mount, and the venerable antiquity and romantic traditions of the castle and monastery, were not enough to detain him for a day; and with scarcely any regard to such things, he stayed but a few hours. In that short space he could not occupy himself with many inquiries; and we have received from him only a few bare facts, which he appears to have recorded rather as the justification of his pilgrimage, than with any precise knowledge of their value.

His subsequent pursuits, and the time of his death, are not known, nor have we any account of the number and the fortunes of his children. It is certain, however, that he was married; and he is reported to have taken a wife in opposition to the wishes of his patron. For Sir John Fastolf had designed for him some ecclesiastical preferment, and had consequently advised him to obtain orders in the church. Tanneri Biblioth.――Paston Letters.――Lelandus de Script. Brit.――Henry’s Hist. of Engl.

Incipiunt notabilia per W. Worcestre scripta in viagio de Bristolia ad Montem Sancti Michaelis in anno Christi 1478.

Castellum Tregtheney-Pomerey de Devonia edificatum stat juxta Mousehold, per 7 miliaria ultra Montem Sancti Michaelis.

Castellum Trethyn dirutum in fine occidentalissima Cornubiæ.

Turris castelli Karnbree, Sir John Bassett, chevalier, stat.

C. Helston dirutum: comes Cornubiæ Edmundus.

C. Trurew dirutum: comes Cornubiæ.

C. Treclysten dirutum.

C. Morisk, ubi comes Cornubiæ Edmundus manebat.

C. Fust, quondam Ricardi comitis Anarwit in Carnanton, dirutum.

C. Dynas super altum montem dirutum, et fons in medio castri ubi Tador dux Cornubiæ maritus … matris Arcturi fuit occisus, juxta villam Sancti Columpnæ.

C. Carloogus, dirutum, in villa prope Sanctum Columpnæ.

C. Keynok dirutum cum tribus wardis.

C. Laner dirutum in villa Laner.

C. Godollon dirutum in villa Lodollon.

C. Tregheny stat, pertinet Pomereys, in Trefeny burgagio super le South.

C. Lanyhorn stat in villa Lanyhorn quondam Archedes.

C. Dirford dirutum prope Golonant villa.

C. Frampton aliter Castrum Trevyan dirutum prope Seynt Terbyn.

Castrum Tyntagelle fortissimum dirutum prope Camelford, ubi Arthurus fuit conceptus.

Castrum vocatum Botreaux castel distat per duo miliaria ultra Tyntagele castelle.

C. Hyllysbery dirutum per 4 miliaria ultra Tyntagele.

C. Lescars stat, domini Principis.

C. Bynamy stat, domini J. Colshill chevalier.

C. Restormalle stat prope Lastydielle, in parco principis, quondam Edmundi comitis Cornubiæ ubi manebat.

C. Lanceston villa per comitem Cornubiæ fundatum.

C. Tremyton quondam principis prope Saltash.

Falmouth villa: ecclesia Penryn.

Turris Fowey Treweryestowe.

Turris apud Pollrewen.

C. Bodleet dirutum prope Tremedart villa ubi Colsell chevalier habet mansionem.

C. Kellysberve dirutum prope Bokehelle villa.

C. Polwhele dirutum in villa Polwhele ubi Other Phelip manet.

C. Morysk juxta Truro dirutum.

Turris Blekennok ab antiquo prope Lastydyall nupe Hugonis Curteney.

Turris in parochia Sanctæ Columbæ quondam Johannis Tregose armigeri, per 8 miliaria ex parte occidentali Bodman.

Itinerarium Cornubiæ ad occidentalissimum finem.

Prima inceptio comitatus provinciæ Cornubiæ est apud Polston-brygge per unum miliare ex parte orientali de Lanceston.

Polston-brygge per 1 miliare ex parte orientali de Lanceston.

De Lanceston usque Lyscard 10 miliaria.

De Lyscard usque Low 5 miliaria.

A Low usque Pollerewan 5 miliaria.

A Pollerewen usque Bodennek 2 miliaria.

A Bodenhac usque Fowey ex altera parte aquæ de le havyn de Fowey distat jactu unius arcus sagittæ.

A Fowey usque Trewardreth prioratum villæ ejusdem 2 miliaria super mare.

A Trewardreth usque Colonant super mare 2 miliaria.

A Colonant usque Lastydielle 3 miliaria super mare Fowey.

A Lastydielle usque Bodman 3 miliaria infra terram.

A Bodman usque Padisco super mare boriale 8 miliaria.

A Padisco usque Seynt Columbe infra terram in medio comitatus 5 miliaria.

A Seynt Columbe usque Methsholle infra terram 5 miliaria.

A Meschylle usque Graundpond 5 miliaria circa partem meridionalem comitatus Cornubiæ infra terram.

A Grantpont usque Treghonyburgh 5 miliaria in patria.

A Tregonye usque Trewrwborough super meridionalem partem versus mare australe infra patriam 5 miliaria.

A Tregran usque Seynt Mandyt 6 miliaria super mare meridionale ultra brachium maris.

A Seynt Mandyt usque Trewrewborough ovyr the water 5 miliaria, vocatum brachium maris de Falmouth.

A Trewrewborough usque Penryn 6 miliaria super le south see.

A Penrynborow usque Helstonborowgh 8 miliaria super costeras maris per circa 3 miliaria de le south see.

A Hellestonborow usque Marchasyowe juxta montem Sancti Michaëlís super litus maris 6 miliaria.

A Markysyow usque Pensans duo miliaria.

A Pensans usque Moushole 2 miliaria: Porthennys.

A Porthenys usque le Londys-ende 4 miliaria.

Finis Cornubiæ.

Sylla vocata Islond continet in longitudine 1111 miliaria et latitudo 4.

Seynt Mary island continet in longitudine 4 miliaria et latitudine 4 miliaria; pertinet abbati Tavystock.

Insula Rascow pertinet abbati Tavystock, continet in longitudine 3 miliaria et in latitudine 3 miliaria, inculta, cum cuniculis et avibus vocatis pophyns [puffins].

Insula Seynt Lyda (fuit filius regis ――――.) continet in longitudine et latitudine 1 miliare.

Insula Rat Island continet in longitudine 1 miliare et dimidium et in latitudine tantum.

Insula vocata le Blak-rok continet ex omni parte unum miliare, et ibi sunt cuniculi et aves, sed antea culta.

Insula septima vocata ――――.

1239. Ecclesia fratrum ordinis Sancti Francisci villæ de Bodnam fundatur per Edmundum primum comitem Cornubiæ 13 kalend. jullii; et ibi isti obitus inveniuntur.

1299. Obiit dominus Thomas de Cancia die 12 Januarii.

Obitus dominæ Johannæ de Kaermynaw.

1329. Richardus Rex Alemaniæ obiit 3 die Aprilis.

1314. Jacobus Penerell obiit.

1349. Johanna de Carmynaw obiit.

1342. Elizabet Peuerell obiit.

Johannes filius Radulphi domini de Kayryshays, primus fundator ecclesiæ fratrum, obiit 3 die junii.

1346. Margeria de Treverbyn obiit 9 die junii.

1372. Dominus Hugo Peuerelle miles obiit 21 die junii.

Innocentius papa tercius obiit 16 die jullii.

1349. Margaretta Sergeaux obiit primo die augusti, et hic est sepulta.

Johannes Manne et Isabella consors ejus die 2 augusti obiit.

Johanna mater Ricardi Regis Angliæ. obiit die 8 augusti.

1369. Dominus Thomas de Carmynaw.

[These obits are more fully extracted again in p. 239.]

Longitudo Ecclesiæ monalium postea canonicorum Sancti Petroci, quondam Regis Cumbrorum gencium, de Bodmania, continet 57 passus, et latitudo ejusdem continet 30 steppys.

Latitudo capellæ Beatæ Mariæ continet circa 24 steppys.

Longitudo ecclesiæ parochialis de Bodman cum choro continet 90 steppys. Latitudo vero ejusdem continet 40 steppys.

Abbathia ecclesiæ canonicorum de Bodman fundata primo per Athelstanum regem, et secunda vice per ――――. Warwast episcopum Excestriæ, qui fuit filius sororis Willelmi conquestoris, et 3ᵃ vice per Graundson episcopum.

Sanctus Petrocus, rex patriæ Cumbrorum, id est partis borialis regni Angliæ, reliquit regnum fratri suo juniori; jacet in pulchro scrinio apud Bodman ecclesiam coram capella Beatæ Mariæ.

Fons principalis fluminis de Falmouth and Peryn incipit apud montem de Nevyle per duo miliaria ex parte orientale de villa de Trewrew, id est per 8 miliaria de Peryn et Falmouth.

Ecclesiam prioratus de Trewardreth prope Fowey, monachorum ―――― fundavit.

Flumen fontis portus Falmouth vocatus Sowker incipit juxta Seynt Stevyns ――――. Zugher per 6 miliaria ex parte occidentali de Trewrew: et aliud flumen incipit apud villam Seynt Stevyn per 8 miliaria de Trewrew ex parte orientali, et vadit per Trurew usque Penryn.

Universis sanctæ matris ecclesiæ presentes litteras inspecturis vel audituris salutem: noverit universitas vestra quod sanctissimus dominus papa Gregorius, anno ab incarnatione domini millessimo septuagessimo, ad ecclesiam montis Sancti Michaeli in tumba in comitatu Cornubiæ gerens eximæ devocionis affectum, pie concessit ecclesiæ predictæ, quæ ministerio angelico creditur et comprobatur consecrari et sanctificari, omnibus fidelibus, qui illam ecclesiam cum suis beneficiis et elemosinis exepecierunt seu visitaverint, tertiam partem penetenciarum suarum eis condonari. Et ut inconcussum et inviolabile fine tenus permaneat; ex autoritate Dei patris omnipotentis et Filii et Spiritus sancti omnibus successoribus suis interdixit, ne quid contra hoc decretum usurpare presumant. Ista verba in antiquis registris de novo in hac ecclesia repertis inventa, prout hic in valvis ecclesiæ publice ponuntur. Et quia pluribus istud est incognitum, ideo nos in Christo Dei famuli et ministri hujus ecclesiæ universitatem vestram, qui regimen animarum possidetis, ob mutuæ vicissitudinis obtentum requirimus et rogamus, quatenus ista publicetis in ecclesiis vestris, ut vestri subditi et subjecti ad majorem exortacionem devocionis attencius animentur, et locum istum gloriosius perigrinando frequentent ad dona et indulgencias predicta graciose consequenda.

Apparicio Sancti Michaelis in monte Tumba, antea vocatale Hore-rok in the wodd; et fuerunt tam boscus quam prata et terra arabilis inter dictum montem et insulas Syllye, et fuerunt 140 ecclesiæ parochiales inter istum montem et Sylly submersæ.

Prima apparicio Sancti Michaelis in monte Gorgon in regno Apuliæ fuit anno Christi 391.

Secunda apparicio fuit circa annum domini 710 in Tumba in Cornubia juxta mare.

Tertia apparicio Romæ fuit, tempore Gregorii papæ legitur accedisse: nam tempore magnæ pestilenciæ, &c.

Quarta apparicio fuit in ierarchiis nostrorum angelorum.

Spacium loci Montis Sancti Michaelis est ducentorum cubitorum undique oceano cinctum, et religiosi monachi dicti loci, Abrincensis antistes Aubertus nomine, ut in honore Sancti Michaelis construeret ――――; predictus locus opacissimâ primo claudebatur sylvâ, ab oceano miliaribus distans sex, aptissimam prebens latebram ferarum, in quo loco olim comperimus monachos domino servientes.

Memorandum, longitudo ecclesiæ Montis Sancti Michaelis continet 30 steppys.

Latitudo continet 12 steppys.

Longitudo capellæ novæ edificatæ continet 40 pedes, et est 20 steppys;

Latitudo continet circa 10 steppys.

Ab ecclesia usque pedem montis ad aquam maris continet 14 tymes 60 steppys.

Longitudo maris inter villam Markysyoo usque pedem montis Sancti Michaelis continet per estimacionem mille CC id est 700 steppys, Anglice x tymes lxx steppys.

Nomina principalium fluminum in Cornubia.

Thamar aqua famosissima in Cornubia.

Tavy incipit a ―――― et vadit per Tavystok.

Plym incipit in Dertmore per 14 miliaria in parte boriali, et vadit usque portum vilæ Plymton.

Erm, magnum flumen incipit in Dertmore, et currit usque villam ―――― de le south see.

Yalm water incipit in Dertmore, et vadit ad villam ―――― per 18 miliaria ―――― le more super montem villæ Terwent juxta Camelford valde altum.

Avyn water incipit in Dertmore, et vadit per ―――― in portum ――――.

Dert aqua magna incipit in Dertmore, et est major flumen omnium fluminum, et currit per Toteness per spacium xx miliariorum de fonte, et. deinde currit usque Dertmouth havyn.

Tengmouth, id est Kenton, aqua incipit in Dertmore, et currit per xx miliaria, per ――――, et cadit in mare apud Tengmouth.

Exwater incipit apud Exmore per 30 miliaria ex parte boriali Excester, currit per Bamton, qui distat usque Kyrton per spacium 15 miliariorum, a villa Kyrton usque civitatem Excetyr currit per spacium 7 miliariorum, et ab Excetyr currit usque Topsam, sunt 3 miliaria, et de Topsam currit usque villam Exmouth-havyn per spacium vi miliariorum et ibi cadit in mare meridionale.

Sancta Norwinna virgo jacet in ecclesia, [quæ] stat per ii miliaria de Seynt Nichtons, ubi deo fontes duorum fluminum oriuntur, viz. Thamar flumen qui seperat Cornubiam et Devoniam, et terminat apud le havyn de Saltash juxta Plymouth per tria miliaria, et dictum flumen Thamar currit per Lanceston prope tria miliaria dictæ villæ, et de Ferywater vocat. Calstokyath per tria miliaria de Tavystok usque Kaenrrovn, et deinde usque portum Salt-ash, ubi cadit in portu maris, in toto currit circa 40 miliaria: et alterum flumen vocatur Torge et currit per Haderlee Toryton Bydyford; et cadit in mare apud portum sive Hamonem de Appuldore-port, et sic currit per terram in circuitu per estimacionem 40 miliaria ex parte boriali.

Flumen aquæ de Newbrygge per 5 miliaria ultra Tavystock vocatur Lyner et ejus fons incipit ――――.

Mons Sancti Michaelis

Markysho 7 miliaria usque

Hellyston, usque

Truro 8 miliaria, et usque

Graundpond sex miliaria, et usque

Owstalle 6 miliaria, et usque

Lastydiell 8 miliaria

Lyscard x miliaria usque

Tavystoke, et a dicta villa usque

Okynham 16 miliaria, et a dicta villa ――――.

Tavy aqua sub monasterio Tavystoke currit; incipit in forest Dartemore scita per duo miliaria ex parte orientali villæ de Tavystoke; sed dicta aqua sive fons incipit in dicta foresta ultra 8 miliaria villæ Tavystoke, et vadit per abbathiam de Bokelond per 4 miliaria de Tavystok, et inde per parochialem ecclesiam de Beereferrys ubi les sylver mynes fodiuntur, et abinde cadit in aquam de Tamar infra spacium miliaris supradicti portus.

Pons aquæ Lyners vocat Newbryge distat ex parte meridionali et orientali de Tavystoke per 5 miliaria, id est, a villa de Lescard eundo versus monasterium Tavystoke.

Okyhampton.

Stykylpath distat a Okynton 3 miliaria, et ibi est fons vocatus Tow-water, et incipit per tria miliaria ex parte meridionali, et vadit per mare septemtrionale per Ydy usque Barstaple.

Zeele villa sequitur prope Stykylpath per unum miliare.

Crokornwylle distat per 10 miliaria de Okynampton inter dictam villam et Crokyniwelle, et distat ab Excestre 10 miliaria.

Excestre civitas.

Informacio Thomæ Peperelle de Tavystoke notarii publici.

Sanctus Ramonus episcopus Hiberniæ jacet in scrinio in ecclesia abbathiæ de Tavystoke inter chorum et capellam Beatæ Mariæ; et ejus dies translacionis agitur 5 die januarii, vigiliæ epiphaniæ, et ejus dies obitus agitur die 28 Augusti.

Sanctus Barnocus, anglice Barnoc, heremita, jacet apud Bramton per 4 miliaria ex parte norwest de Berstaple; fuit filius regis Calabriæ; ejus dies agitur 7 die januarii.

Sanctus Herygh, frater Sancti Vuy, episcopus, jacet in quadam ecclesia scita sub cruce ecclesiæ Sancti Pauli Londoniarum; ejus dies agitur in vigilia omnium sanctorum, id est ultimo die octobris.

Sanctus Vuy, frater Sancti Herygh, jacet in ecclesia parochiali Sancti Vuy prope villam Lalant super mare boriale per tria miliaria de Mont-Myghell; ejus dies agitur die primo februarii.

Sancta Hya, id est Seynt Hy, soror Sancti Herygh et soror Sancti Vuy, virgo jacet in ecclesia parochiali villæ Seynt Hy super mare boriale circa 12 miliaria ab ultimo fine occidentalis regni Angliæ; et ejus dies agitur tertio die februarii.

Castrum quadratum de Lydiford fundatum fuit antiquis annis preteritis per primores Cornubiæ tum conver ――――.

Pons profundissimus tocius Angliæ sub ponte et strictus ――――.

Flumen pontis altissimi sub castro de Lydyford per sex miliaria de Tavystoke, et 6 usque Tokynton; currit de Dertmore fons ejus per 10 miliaria ex parte boriali maris prope villam Seynt Nyghtow, et currit usque aquam portus de Plymouth.

Castrum prenobile de Okehampton prope villam Okehampton per 12 miliaria de Tavystoke versus orientem et Excestriam, quondam Thomæ Curteny comitis Devoniæ, edificatum per Thomam primum comitem.

Fons fluminis de Okehampton currit sub castro supradicto, incipit apud Cremere in Thertmore, et currit usque Lydiford villam et ad Barstaple, incidens in mare boriale portus Barnstaple.

Sancti Michaelis archangeli apparicio in castello Angeli Romæ die 8 Maii.

Sancti Michaelis in monte die 16 Octobris.

Sanctus Gyermocus episcopus, dies ejus agitur die Sancti Johannis in festo natalis: per tria miliaria de monte Sancti Michaelis.

Sancta Branca virgo, dies ejus agitur die primo ―――― jacet in ecclesia prædictæ sanctæ per IIII miliaria montis Michaelis.

Sancta Matheriana virgo jacet in ecclesia parochiæ de Mynstre per dimidium miliare de Botreaux castelle, et per III miliaria de Camelford: fecit unum miraculum de quodam homine extra sensum, ac una muliere et quadam puella in festo Sancti Jacobi, uno anno preterito, et ejus festum agitur circa 9 diem aprilis, secundum relacionem ―――― rectoris parochiæ villa de Mynster.

In libro Kalendarii principalis libri Antiphaner ecclesiæ Thomæ prioris canonicorum de Bodman inveni scriptum de bona manu.

Sanctus Codocus confessor, 24 die Januarii, C littera.

Sanctus Pieranus episcopus, 5 die Martii, A littera.

Sanctus Wenedocus, et Felicitatis virginis, 7 die Marcii.

Sanctus Constantinus rex et martir, 9 die Marcii, E. littera.

Sanctus Woronus confessor, die 7 Aprilis, F. littera.

Sanctus Ydrocus confessor, die 5 Maii, F. littera.

Sanctus Karantocus episcopus et confessor, 16 die die Maii, C. littera.

Sancta Potenciana virgo, die Sancti Dunstani archiepiscopi.

Sanctus Germanus episcopus et confessor, die 27 Maii.

Dedicatio ecclesiæ conventualis Bodman 24 die Augusti.

Sanctus ―――― heremita die 21 Augusti, B. littera.

Exaltacio Sancti Petroci die exaltacionis sanctæ crucis.

Sanctus Laudus 21 die septembris.

Translacio Sancti Petroci die 8 octobris, A littera.

Sanctus Johannes archiepiscopus Ebor. die 25 octobris.

Sanctus Withinocus episcopus et confessor, die 7 Novembris C littera.

Sancta Menna martir, die XI novembris.

Sancta Menefreda virgo non martir, die 24 novembris F. littera.

Sanctus Osmundus episcopus 4 die decembris.

Sanctus Servacius episcopus.

Sanctus Senseus jacet in parochia Sancti Justi juxta Hellyston circa 4 miliaria.

Memorandum quod villa Lawnceston est principalis et major latititudo tocius comitatus Cornubiæ, quia distat a mare boriali per 9 miliaria ex parte orientali, 20 miliaria de mare Severn ex parte boriali, et similiter decem miliaria a mare ex parte meridionali.

Flumen aquæ de Bodman incipit in prioratu Sancti Petroci de Bodman; le Carn-Water nominatur a quodam homine vocato Carn, qui fecit pontem in villa Bodman; et cadit in aquam vocatam Dynmere per unum miliare versus boriale mare de Bodman; et sic vadit per villam Pascow per 12 miliaria de Bodman versus mare boriale, ubi capit in portu maris borialis post transitum super Dynmerbrygge [qui] continet 6 archuatas, et per Wadebrygge qui continet 12 archuatas de lapidibus constructas.

Memorandum de ortu foncium et aquarum fluminum in comitatu Cornubiæ et Devoniæ.

Excestre aqua incipit ――――.

Tyngmouth flumen, aqua proxima versus Myghellmont, incipit apud ――――.

Flumen Deerso, quod vadit ad hamonem villæ Totenese, et sic usque Dartemouth.

Flumen Plymouth.

Flumen Tavystoke incipit circa 3 miliaria ex parte boriali Tavystoke, cadit in Ashwater.

Flumen Plinmouth.

Flumen pontis Riale incipit in parte boriali Launceston per tria miliaria, cadit in Ashwater; prima aqua Tamar, ubi est passagium per decem miliaria ad mare meridionale.

Flumen aquæ vocatæ Low-log incipit in le mere ex parte boriali Lyscard et Lascydialle-brigge, et cadit in mari apud portum Low.

Flumen aquæ de Fowey vadit per Reppynbrygge per 6 miliaria citra Fowey; incipit apud fontem vocatum Few per IIII miliaria ultra Lascidyelle.

Flumen aquæ Trywardreth prope Fowey incipit in parochia villæ Seynt Austell et cadit in Trewardreth bay.

Flumen aquæ Trywoodreth vadit per Valemouth portum.

Flumen portus Barleford.

Insula de Greef scita est in Cornubia juxta prioratum monachorum de Trewdreth, juxta villam de Fowey per tria miliaria ex parte occidentali; et dicta insula jacet ex opposito patriæ Britanniæ vocatæ le Foorne. Et insula Ushand jacet in le seebord, anglice south et north, per distanciam latitudinis de le narrow see vocatum aliter le channel de Flaunders per spacium v kennyngys, et quilibet kennyng continet VII leucas, id est 21 miliaria, unde sunt cv miliaria; hæc habentur per informacionem Roberti Bracey consanguinei mei apud Fowey.

Insula Camber est ex opposito Wynchelsea et Rye, distat a firma terra de Wynchylsee per 3 miliaria, et continet ex omni parte circa duo milliaria, et est in media dictæ insulæ capella Sancti Antonii.

Insula parva, anglice a rok, vocata Edestone, scita sowth et north ex opposito Plymouth, aliter dicta le forland de Raume opyn upon Plymmouth, et jacet in le narrow-see per circa 15 miliaria.

Insula Sancti Michaelis de Loo jacet anglice opyn upon villæ Loo, videlicet per 5 miliaria ex parte orientali de Fowey, et a firma terra in mari per unum miliare, et continet in circuitu per 4 miliaria, et in latitudine ex omni parte per 1 miliare.

Insula montis Sancti Michaelis continet in circuitu circa unum miliare, et distat a firma terra per jactum unius sagittæ; et insula Ushand in Britannia est in meridionali parte insulæ de Mont-Myghelle.

Pentybers-rok, maximus scopulus, in aqua Severn scita, ex parte occidentali portus de Padistow ac castri Tyntagelle per 4 miliaria, et distat a firma terra per unum miliare, et ibi nidificant aves vocatæ ganettys, gullys, seemowys, et cæteræ aves marinæ.

Insula Sancti Nicholai in portu de Plymouth scita continet in longitudine ―――― et latitudine ――――.

Et ibi est capella Sancti Nicholai fundata.

Bodman Villa.

Longitudo ecclesiæ prioratus canonicorum Bodman continet 64 virgas.

Latitudo ejus continet 17 virgas.

Companile continet in latitudine 7 virgas.

1239. Ecclesiam fratrum Sancti Francisci de Bodman Richardus comes Cornubiæ, filius fratris Henrici tercii, fundavit; et anno Christi 1352 dedicata est ecclesia per Johannem de Grandissono Exoniensem episcopum.

In martirologio fratrum minorum Bodman.

Scriptum est, lex gratitudinis requirit, ut beneficia beneficiis recompensentur, unde Beatus Augustinus libro soliloquiorum dicit, beneficium accepisti, et auctorem ejus non agnoscis; dominus in manifesto, et largitor in occulto, ista arguunt ingratitudinem: et quia labilis est humana memoria, ne multiplicia beneficia facta in ecclesia monasterii Sancti Benedicti de Hulmo, diocesis Norwicensis, per Johannem Fastolf chevalier, ideo dignum duxi dicta hic in scripto redigere ut patebit inferius.

Nobiles et generosi in kalendario fratrum Sancti Francisci de Bodman.

Edmundus et Johannes comites Cornubiæ.

Johannes filius Radulphi de Bodman.

Dominus Johannes de Arundell chevalier.

Dominus Willelmus Seregeaux.

Dominus Hugo Peverelle.

Dominus Thomas de Cantia.

Dominus Johannes Beaupree.

Dominus ―――― Trewynt.

1369. Dominus Thomas Carmynew miles.

Dominus Willelmus Sergeaux.

Dominus Willelmus Trelothyk.

Dominus Baldewynus de Bello prato.

Dominus Edmundus Hywys armiger.

Dominus Walterus Blewet.

Willelmus Blundelle.

Dominus Thomas de Cantia, obiit anno Christi 1299.

1360. Domina Sibilia Daime obiit.

Richardus rex Alemaniæ, comes Cornubiæ, 3 die Aprilis obiit.

1314. Jacobus de Peverelle obiit.

1346. Margeria de Treverbyw obiit.

1327. Hugo de Peverelle miles obiit.

Walterus episcopus Exoniensis obiit die 23 Jullii, precipuus benefactor fratrum Sancti Francisci.

1349. Domina Margareta Sergeaux, obiit primo die Augusti.

Johannes Mowne armiger, die 2ᵒ Augusti.

Dominus Radulphus de Wytheel.

Domina Alicia Fittzwater.

Edmundus comes Cornubiæ, primo die Octobris.

Johannes Rodeney miles.

Edmundus Clevedon miles.

Willelmus Chambron anno Christi 1353.

In registro apud Bodman ecclesiam fratrum minorum.

Magna pestilencia per universum mundum inter Saracenos, qui pagans, et postea inter christianos; incepit primo in Anglia circa kalend. Augusti, et parum ante Nativitatem Domini intravit villam Bodminiæ, ubi mortui fuerunt circa mille quingentos per estimacionem; et numerus fratrum defunctorum a capitulo generali Lugduniæ celebratum anno Christi 1351, usque ad aliud sequens capitulum generale, fuit de fratribus tresdecim milia octingenti octaginta tres, exceptis sex vicariis.

Informacio Roberti Bracey apud Fowey.

Sancta Kynburga virgo, 25 die Junii, in Kalendario Bodman.

Sanctus Vylloc, heremita et martir, natus de Hibernia, de parochia Lanteglys, ubi Walterus episcopus Norwicensis fuit natus in dicta parochia per unum miliare villæ de Fowey, et dictus sanctus habet festum ejus custoditum die jovis proxime ante festum pentecosten.

Polrewen villa } Bodennek villa } sunt in parochia Lanteglys scitæ Lanteglys villa } super aquam de Fowey.

Memorandum quod Walterus episcopus Norwicensis fuit natus in dicta villa, et fuit filius molendinarii.

Sanctus Wyllow fuit decapitatus per Melyn ys kynrede prope locum ubi episcopus Norwici Walterus fuit natus, et portavit usque pontem Sancti Wyllow per spacium dimidii miliaris ad locum ubi dicta ecclesia fundatur in suo honore.

Sanctus Barnic episcopus, callid Anglice Seynt Barre, sepelitur in ecclesia de Fowey, et ejus festum per III dies proxime ante festum sancti Michaelis, id est per XIII septimanas proxime ante festum Natalis Domini.

Sanctus Hyldren episcopus jacet in parochia Lansalux juxta parochiam Lanteglys; ejus festum agitur primo die Februarii, id est vigiliæ purificationis Beatæ Mariæ.

Sanctus Sirus presbiter jacet in ecclesia prioratus religiosorum Sancti Keryk per unum miliare villæ de Fowey, et cella pertinet prioratui de Montague.

Sanctus Mancus episcopus jacet in ecclesia Lanretho prope villam de Fowey infra duo miliaria; ejus festum agitur die jovis proxime ante festum pentecosten.

Sanctus Juncus jacet in ecclesia de Plynt prope villam de Loo, per 6 miliaria de Fowey, et 14 miliaria de Plynton.

1457 circa, Nicholaus Radford, manens apud Pogh-hylle circa 4 miliaria de Kyrton, juris peritissimus de concilio domini Bonevyle contra Thomam Corteney comitem Devoniæ, fuit occisus per Thomam filium comitis seniorem, in loco seu domo dicti Radulphi [sic, qu. Radford]; et dictus Thomas filius postea comes fuit, et fuit capitaneus apud Wakefeld, ubi Ricardus dux Ebor, Georgius comes de Richmond ―――― fuere occisi.

Versus in tabula ecclesiæ Tavystok.

Cum sine spe timor, mox desperatio torquet, Et nisi spes timeat, subita presumpcio damnat, Ergo timor sine spe, nec spes valet absque timore, Sic inferre potest, hic amat, ergo timet, Est amor ergo timor, sed non convertitur inde.

Ordulphus dux Cornubiæ tempore Edgari regis fundavit monasterium de Tavystoke.

Versus in kalendario ecclesiæ Tavystoke.

Quo quis a dextris te percute sive sinistro.

Hic perempti sunt pirati sine numero et 12 apud Sulham.

In kalendario ecclesiæ monasterii Tavistoke.

Sanctus Petrocus confessor, 4 die Junii.

Sanctus Nin martir, die 15 Junii.

1264 Sancti Simonis de Monte-forti, die 4 Augusti.

Sancti Adelwaldi episcopi, die 2 Augusti.

Sancti Elidii episcopi, 8 die Augusti, jacet in insula Syllys.

Dedicacio ecclesiæ Sanctæ Mariæ de Tavystoke, 21 die Augusti.

Sancta Elena regina, die 25 Augusti.

Sanctus Genosius, die 25 Augusti.

Sanctus Rinnom episcopus, die 30 Augusti.

Nō + memoria de sancto Hermeto, 28 die Augusti.

Nō + memoria de sancto Aidiano martire, 8 die Septembris.

Nō + sancto Maurio cum sociis VI M^1 III^c XXVI.

Longitudo ecclesiæ monasterii Tavystoke continet preter capellam Beatæ Mariæ 126 steppys; et ejus latitudo continet cum 14 steppys latitudinis navis ecclesiæ 21 steppys.

Longitudo navis dictæ ecclesiæ tantum usque ad chorum continet 60 steppys.

Longitudo chori 42 steppys; longitudo capellæ cum transitu circa 36 steppys.

Longitudo ecclesiæ parochialis Tavystoke continet 90 steppys; et ejus latitudo continet 26 steppys.

Longitudo ecclesiæ parochialis Lyscard continet 74 steppys.

Latitudo ejus continet 34 steppys.

Longitudo claustri novi 45 steppys.

Insulæ de Sully sunt sub approtasmento Pii papæ anno 1462, 6 idus Julii anno 3^o pontificatus Pii papæ, ad instanciam abbatis Tavystoke, et domini Johannis Colfylle militis, domini principalium insularum, et dictus abbas est rector dictarum insularum.

Memorandum quod comes de Oxford per V annos preteritos die Martis in crastino Sancti Michaelis, tempore quo Fortescue armig. fuit vicecomes Cornubiæ, applicuit ad castrum Mont. Mychelle cum LCCC hominibus. Et contra XI millia hominum armatorum ex parte domini regis E. quarti dictum comitem obsedebant per XXIII septimanas, videlicet usque diem sabbati proxima ante diem martis carniprivii voc. le clansyng days pro ―――― cum domino rege demittebat fortalicium eundo ad dominum regem.

De fundatione Collegii Penryn.

1471. Die jovis, vigilia parascheven, obiit Magister Trewynnard, natus in villa Seynt Ives, quondam socius collegii Exoniensis Oxfordiæ, postea prepositus collegii Sancti Thomæ villæ de Penryn per ―――― annos continuavit.

Locus Collegii predicti in Penryn ab antiquo vocabatur Glasneyth in lingua Cornubiæ, anglice Polsethow, aliter dictus puteus sagittarii.

Falmouth havyn pertinet villæ Penryn.

Fundacio collegii predicti per Walterum episcopum Excestriæ in anno Christi 1265.

In anno millesimo domini ducenteno.

Atque sexagesimo post cum quinto pileno.

Mem. quod dominus Johannes Anger fuit vicarius magistri Michaelis Trewynnard.

Mem. quod longitudo eeclesiæ videlicet navis continet 36 steppys meos; et longitudo chori continet circa 60 steppys.

Inceptio tabulæ fundacionis Collegii Penryn.

Placet mihi dicere vel stanti scriptura, Res auditas ponere pro gente futura.

Itinerarium.

Le north-see. Villæ principales super mare boriale sitæ.

Primo Seynt Hyes villa versus orientem ex parte boriali maris distat a Musholt 8 miliaria.

De Seynt Hyes usque Lananta 2 miliaria.

De Lananta usque Redruth borough 8 miliaria.

De Redruth super mare usque Seynt Columb 18 myles.

De Seynt Columbe usque Wade-brygge [pons longus est] prope Padistow 5 miliaria.

De Wade-brygge [18 archys longitudinis] usque Tyntagell borough 8 miliaria.

De Tyntagell usque Botrowse-castell 3 miliaria.

De Botrowse-castell usque Camelford 3 miliaria.

De Camelford usque Stratton prope castellum Lynamy, domini Johannis Colvyle, 12 miliaria.

De Stratton usque Kylkhampton super mare VI myles.

De Kylkhampton usque Almanteston et Downehedborow 12 miliaria infra patriam.

De Almanteston usque Polston-brygge versus orientem duo miliaria; et ibi inceptio comitatus Cornwalliæ.

Mem. de Seynt Hyes villa, et omnes villæ proxime sequentes sunt scitæ super mare boriale versus orientem præter villam de Launceston.

Memorandum, quod pons Wade-brygge scita super et prope villam Wade, ex parte meridionali villæ de Paddistow, continet 18 arches; et longitudo pontis est north et south.

Pons magnus est scitus super aquam Tamar, est scitus inter Kylkhampton et Lanceston super le Freshwater.

Pons vocatus Polston-brygge scitus super flumen Tamarwater, sequitur per unum miliare de Lanceston ex parte orientali, continet circa 6 arches, per patriam edificatus.

Memorandum in patria comitatus Cornubiæ est.

Item, pons vocatus Greston-brygge scitus super aquam Thamar per tria miliaria ex parte orientali de Lanceston in medio patriæ.

Pons vocatus Hautes-brygge proxime sequitur super aquam Thamar prope villam Dyrynton, per unum miliare ex parte orientali de Derynton.

De Hawtys-brigge usque Kellyngton villam sunt 5 miliaria, et aqua fluminis Thamar transit usque Seynt Germayn, et deinde usque Kaergrowne, et de Kaergrowne usque Asth, ubi cecidit in mari inter Plymoth et Saltash.

Memorandum quod aqua Thamar incipit apud fontem inter villam Seynt Nyghtens et Torynton.

Memorandum de lez havyns Cornubiæ.

A Pensans usque Plymmouth havyn, et specialiter pertinentes ad havyn de Falmouth sunt 147 portus et crykes.

Imprimis circa villam Falmouth sunt 147 havyns infra spacium 70 miliaria a Tavystoke versus occidentem usque portum Markysew versus occidentem et Pensans.

Pensans havyn distat, videlicet ab occidentalissima parte Angliæ proxime les isles de Syllye, per 2 miliaria ad villam vocatam Markysyow, distat per 20 miliaria usque

Truro, distat per 4 miliaria usque

Falmouth [et] Penryn, distat per 4 miliaria usque

Seynt Austyn, distat per 6 miliaria usque

Thewrew, [Tywardreth] a Frensh priorie, distat per 10 miliaria usque

Collant, distat per 5 miliaria usque

Lastydyelle, distat per 4 miliaria usque

Fowey, distat per 10 miliaria usque

Bodennek, per 2 miliaria a

Bodennek Botroux castell, distat usque Low 5 miliaria.

A Low havyn distat usque Plymouth [et] Saltash 11 miliaria.

A Saltash usque Corgrowne tria miliaria.

Corgrowne prope Tavystoke abbotys ―――― ibi sunt salmones per duo miliaria de Corgroyn.

Plymouth.

Distat par 3 miliaria de Saltash usque Plymouth.

Hinc finit les havyns de Cornewayles.

Mem. from Pensance to Seynt Yves jette 6 myle.

Item, from Seynt Yves usque Lalant havyn 2 myle.

Item, from Lalant havyn to Patystoe havyn.

Item, from Patystoo havyn to Barstaple.

Item, from Barstaple to Ilfercombe.

Item, from Ilfercombe to Briggewater.

Item, from Bryggewater to Uphylle.

Item, from Uphylle to Mynett.

Item, from Mynehed to Bristow.

Oxford ultra Faryndon 12 myles.

Faryndon ultra Bassett-Sutton 15 myle,

Bassett Sutton per 15 myle de Clak.

Clak distat 15 miliaria de Bath,

Bathe 15 miliaria.

Well.

Glastynbery distat usque Brygewater 9 miliaria.

A Bryggewater ad Taunton 7 miliaria.

Pons pulcherrimus ultra Tanton per 1 miliaria.

A Taunton usque Wellynton 5 miliaria.

A Wellynton usque Culmyton 10 miliaria.

A Colmyton usque Excestre 10 miliaria.

Excestre.

Sanctus Justus martir jacet in parochia Sancti Yoest, distat a Pensans versus occidentem per 5 miliaria super litus occidentalissimæ partis Angliæ, et de villa Mousehold ultra versus insulas Syly per IIII [xxx] miliaria.

Sanctus Borianus martir est in parochia Sancti Boriani, distat ultra villam Pensansper 4 miliaria super littus maris.

Castrum Restormel est scitum inter villam Lastydielle et Lanceston.

Lanceston villa est per 16 miliaria ex parte north-west.

A Excestre ad Montem Michaelis, prima villa Baytyns, ad Crocornwell 10 miliaria.

A Crokornwell to Okynton-castell 10 miliaria.

De Okynton usque Launceston 15 miliaria.

A Launceston usque Bodman per ―――― more 20 miliaria.

A Bodman usque Machell 14 miliaria.

A Machell usque Rydryth citra Helleston 12 miliaria.

A Redryth usque Montem Sancti Michaelis 12 myles.

Memorandum quod Truro scita est citra Rytheryth versus orientem per 7 miliaria.

1. Mount Mygell ultra Excestre 100 miliaria.

2. Seynt Mychel de Rock per 30 miliaria ultra montem Sancti Michaelis et per 5 miliaria ultra Bodman.

3. Seynt Mychel Rowtor per tria miliaria de Camelforth, per 8 miliaria de Bodman.

4. Sanctus Mychaelis de Brenton, ibi est capella per 2 miliaria ultra Tavystoke versus Lanceston.

5. Sanctus Mychels borough per 7 miliaria de Taunton citra.

Sanctus Michaelis de Montague prope Yevell, et per 2 miliaria de Crokehorn, altissimus mons.

Sanctus Myghell prope Glastynbery voc. de Torre.

6. Sanctus Michaelis Trewin per 5 miliaria ultra Lastendon super altum montem.

Fycetyr xx m. to

Okynton, and 15 m. to

Lanceston, et est pons voc. Polston bryge per unum miliare citra Lanceston, ubi Cornubia incipit.

Bodman 20 m. and to Metshald [Mitchel] 16.

Metshow 16 myle, and 16 m.

to Redryth, and to the (?) 10 myle, and to

Mount Myghell 16 myles, Markysowe.

Calstoketrach proper per unum miliare voc. Howtesbrygge per 4 miliaria de Kellyngton.

Fowey moor per 12 miliaria longitudinis, et infra 8 miliaria est Trewynt villagium.

Plymouth 20 miliaria to Okyngton.

Plymton est castell, ys 3 miliaria de Plymton citra Plymouth.

In ecclesia fratrum predictorum villæ Truro.

Sanctus Vincentius frater ordinis predicti 5 Aprilis.

Sanctus Illugham de Cornubia jacet prope Redruth prope villam Truro burgagium.

1465. Rad’s Reskymer arm. obiit.

Radulphus de Albo Monasterio chevalier.

Johannes Ardell chevalier.

Johannes Beaupre chevalier.

Radulphus de Bello-prato chevalier obiit 1329.

Dominus Otho de Godrygan.

1464. Matilda Ardelie, obiit die 5 Novembris.

1264. Penryn villa prope Falmouth. Ecclesia collegii, ubi magister Michaelus fuit principalis prepositus canonicorum et vicariorum ibidem, fundata fuit per Walterum le goode episcopum Excestriæ; et episcopum cognomine Graundson [qui] fuit alter ejus fundator in beneficiis dictæ post dictum Walterum.

Longitudo dictæ ecclesiæ, navis videlicet ejusdem, continet circa 50 steppys.

Latitudo brachiorum ecclesiæ continet per estimationem tantum 50 steppys.

Longitudo chori ecclesiæ cum circuitu ejusdem continet circa 50 steppys ultra per estimacionem.

Apud Mount Myghylle.

Memorandum Mountes-bay lyeth froe le setre yn the est party to the poynte of Moushole yn the west party; and the chef rode of the bay for see men that comyth thes way ys called Gooveslake cum a yense neekly.

In kalendario ecclesiæ Mont Myghell.

Sanctus Wilfridus episcopus in crastino Sancti Georgii.

Sanctus Petrocus confessor 4 die Junii.

Sancta Hylda virgo 25 die Augusti.

Sanctus Hermes confessor ―――― Cornubia 28 die Augusti.

Translacio Sancti Berini episcopi 4 die Septembris, id est die Sancti Cuthberti.

S――――. Majore martir die XI Novembris.

Sanctus Nonnita mater Sancti David jacet apud ecclesiam villæ Alternoniæ per 6 miliaria de Lanceston, ubi natus fuit Sanctus David.

Brokannus in partibus Walliarum regulus fide et morum etc. per Gladewysam uxorem ejus genuit 24 filios et filias, et hiis nominibus vocabantur.

Nectanus.

Johannes.

Sudebrent.

Menfrede.

Delyan.

Tetha.

Maben.

Wentu.

Wensent.

Marwenna.

Wenna.

Julliana.

Yse.

Morwenna.

Wymip.

Wenheden.

Cleder.

Kery.

Jona.

Heley.

Lanant.

Rerhender.

Adwenhelye.

Tamalant.

Omnes isti filii et filiæ postea fuerunt sancti et martires vel confessores, et in Devonia vel Cornubia heremeticam vitam ducentes; sicut enim inter omnes quorum vitæ meritis et virtutum miraculis Cornubiensis vel Devoniensis irradiatur ecclesia, beatus Nectanus primo genitus fuit, ita cæteris omnibus honestate vitæ major fuit, et prodigiorum choruscitate excellentior extitit.

Fuit in ultimus Walliarum partibus vir dignitate regulus, fide et morum honestate preclarus, nomine Brokannus, a quo provincia ipsa nomen sortita nuncupatur Brokannok usque in presentem diem; hic itaque Brokmannus, antequam ex uxore sua Gladewysa filium vel filiam genuisset, in Hiberniam profectus est, uxorem suam et omnia sua relinquens; timuerat enim, ne si cum uxore sua remaneret, generacionem ex ea procrearet, qua impediretur ne libere Domino servire potuisset. Mansit igitur in Hibernia 24 annis, bonis operibus intendens; postea autem visitare patriam suam volens, rediit in Walliam, ubi uxorem suam adhuc viventem invenit. Post aliquantulum autem temporis sicut Deus preordinaverat, licet ipse homo non proposuisset, uxorem suam cognovit, ex qua postea 24 filios et filias genuit. Videns Dei virtutem cui nemo resistere potest, ait, “Jam Deus in me vindicavit quod contra disposicionem voluntatis ejus venire frustra disposui; quia enim 24 annis ab uxore mea ne sobolem procrearem illicitè effugi, dedit mihi pro quolibet anno illicitæ continentiæ sobolem unam quia jam 24 filios et filias post 24 annos ab eadem uxore suscepi.” Prædicti autem 24 filii et filiæ, quos predictus Brokannus ex uxore sua Gladewysa genuit, hiis nominibus vocabantur, Nectanus et cætera.

Et venerandus vir Nectanus per quæque nemorosa dispendia investigando querere ab hiis repertus latronibus in loco, qui adhuc hodie dicitur Nova Villa; ibi jam ecclesia in ejus honore construitur. 15 kal, Julii capite truncatus est, et caput suum propriis accipiens manibus per medium ferme spacii stadium usque ad fontem quo morabatur detulerit, ibique sanguine circumlinitum sudori cuidam lapidi imposuit, cujus adhuc cædis et miraculi sanguinolenta in eodem lapide remanent vestigia.

1189. Pridie nonas Julii obiit Henricus rex secundus Angliæ, sepultus est in Normannia.

Henricus rex ―――― dedit maritagium Isabellæ filiæ Ricardi Strangbow Willelmo Mariscallo primo, et sic factus est comes tocius Pembrochiæ, et dominus tocius hereditatis.

1200. Abbathia de Voto in Hibernia; Willelmus Marescallus fundavit.

1175. Ricardus comes de Strangbow obiit.

1148. Gilbertus Strongbow obiit.

1287. Conventus ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ de Tynterna intravit dictam ecclesiam ad celebrandum in nova ecclesia.

Et quinto nonas Octobris in anno sequenti conventus intravit in choro, et prima missa celebrata fuit ad magnum altare.

Mem. quod in Anglia sunt 52,080 villas per Domesday invent.

Item, sunt in Anglia XV milia XI ecclesiæ parochiales.

1242. Gilbertus Marescallus obiit et sepultus est apud novum templum London 5 kalend. Julii, et obiit in quodam torneamento apud Warewyk; et eodem anno Walterus quartus filius Willelmi Marescalli successit in hereditatem antecessorum suorum, et factus est comes Pembrochiæ.

Et obiit anno Christi 1246, videlicet 5 kalend. Decembris apud castrum Godrici.

1246. Ancelinus quintus frater obiit, et apud Tynternam sepultus decimo kalend. Januarii.

1438. Die jovis voc. Maundy-Thursday magister Johannes Benet rector de Pytney obiit.

Viagium Thomæ Clerk de Waar, incipiendo octavis Sancti Johannis Baptistæ circa annum Christi 1476, equitando ad Montem infra 10 dies, et revertendo ad Waare per alios 10 dies.

Waare.

Watford.

Bekynfeld.

Henely.

Redyng.

Kyngyslere.

Andever.

Salisbery.

Sheftysbery.

Shyrborn.

Yevylle.

Crokehorn.

Cherd.

Honyton.

Excetyr.

Crocornwille.

Okynton.

Lanceston.

Bodman.

Machehole.

Rooderyth.

Marchew. Margew distat per unum quartum miliaris de Monte Michaelis.

Longitudo ecclesiæ canonicorum regularium Sancti Augustini villæ de Allaunston continet 100 de steppys meis.

Et in latitudine continet 24 de steppis meis.

Mem. Episcopus Warwaste fundavit ecclesiam canonicorum regularum de Launceston.

Ecclesiam Seynt Germyns.

Ecclesiam ――――.

1236. Henricus rex Angliæ duxit Elianoram filiam comitis Provinciæ apud Cantuar. idibus Januarii die dominica.

In ecclesia de Lanceston.

Sanctus Nectanus martir die Junii ut ibidem et Lanson.

Sancta Monnetta 3 die Jullii.

Sancta Elena mater Constantini imperatoris.

Sanctus Pyranus episcopus de Cornubia 18 die Novembris.

In Hibernia. Translacio Sancti Genesii Lesmorensis archiepiscopi 6 vel 5 nonas Maii.

Translacio capitis Sancti Genesii martiris 14 kal. Augusti.

Villa de Launceston, in ecclesia canonicorum de Launceston.

Natale Sanctæ Satinolæ virginis 4 nonas Augusti.

In Britannia, natale Sancti Genesii martiris, qui ob. capitis truncationem ―――― in ecclesiæ canonicorum Lancesdon.

Castrum de Morteyn in Lancesdon fundatum per comitem de Morteyng.

Et fuerunt III fratres sub nomine Sancti Genesii, et unusquisque caput suum portabat; unus archiepiscopus Lismore.

Nomina liberorum tenentium in Acle,[43] tempore comitis Rogeri Bygod, qui est dominus manerii et patronus ecclesiæ, circa annum Christi ――――.

Johannes tenet I mesuagium, XII acras terræ, r. per annum IIs.

Hugo le Ris t. IX acras terræ, r. XVIIId.

Willelmus de Burgo tenet I mesuagium, r. VIs.

Thomas de Burgo r. pro communi habendo IIIId.

Rogerus Plantyng t. XXXVI acras I rod, r. IXs. VId.

Ricardus Stywar et Robertus de Ecclesia tenent X acras terræ, r. XVIId. ob.

Hugo de Caylly tenet ――――.

Willelmus de Monte Caviso tenet ――――.

Godwynus Segge r. ad festum Sancti Martini per certam convencionem IIs.

Edūs Oberdam t. ―――― et reddit per annum XVIs. VId. ob. q.

Willelmus Cosus t. X acras terræ I rod. r. IIs. Id. ob.

Placita et perquisita valent per annum Cs.

Est ibi forum quod affirmatur ad XLs.

Est ibi columbare, valet per annum VIIIs.

Turbaria per estimacionem per annum IIIIl.

Item duo molendina valent per annum IIIIl.

Item possunt sustentare L averia in manerio tempore hiemali, et per totum annum LX porcos.

Item herbagium castri valet IIIl.

Item valor III mariscorum per annum XXXVl.

Item valor gardini per annum Xs.

Item valor prati et pasturæ per annum XIXs. XId.

Item redditus assis’ valet VIIIl. IXs. VId. q.

Item valor tocius terræ arabilis de dominico valet per annum XXIIIl. XIXs. VId.

Item est ibidem consuetudo, quod quilibet habitans in villa, non habens terram nec domum dabit comiti per annum id. et estimatur per annum IVs.

Item sunt ibidem in dominico CCIX acræ et XII pertic. terræ arabilis in diversis culturis dominii.

Item sunt III marisci viz. de Holm, mariscus de Hesty, et mariscus de Hallycote.

Est ibidem parcus, in quo possunt sustentare CXX averia per annum, et valet pastura cujuslibet VId.

Sanctus Mybbard heremita, filius regis Hiberniæ, aliter dictus Colrogus, ejus corpus jacet in scrinio ecclesiæ de Kardynan, distat per duo miliaria de Bodman, ex parte orientali et meridionali, et per 4 miliaria de Lastydyelle ex parte boriali et per 7 miliaria de Lescard ex parte occidentali, secundum relacionem uxoris ―――― ecclesiæ, qui fuit natus in parochia; et ejus dies agitur die jovis proxima ante festum pentecostes.

Sanctus Mancus, consodalis ejus, heremita jacet in parochia de Lanteglas; at villa vocata Bodennek est in dicta parochia, et ejus festum agitur die jovis proxima ante festum pentecostem.

Sanctus Wyllow heremita fuit consocius Sancti Manii et Sancti Mydbard et ejus festum tenetur die jovis proxima ante festum pentecosten, et ipse jacet in parochia Alleretew [Lanteglos] per unum miliare de Bodennek.

Die lunæ 16 Augusti incepi viagium de Norwico usque Myghell-mont in Cornubia.

Martis 18.

Mercurii 19.

Jovis 21 die Augusti applicui Londoniis hora meridionali.

Veneris 21 London.

Sabbato 23 London.

Dominica 23.

Lunæ 24.

Martis 25.

Mercurii 26, hora quinta post meridiem equitavi de Londoniis versus episcopum Wyntoniensem apud Waltham et Wynchester, et reposui apud Wandesworth.

Jovis.

Veneris 28 die applicui ad dominum episcopum hora prandii, et post meridiem equitavi usque Southampton cum Thoma Danvers.

Veneris predicto applicui Southampton et ibi pernoctavi.

Sabbato 29 Augusti, applicui apud Romsey-abbey in meridie, post repastum meum cum magistro North apud Nusselyng.

Dominica 30 die Augusti fui apud Salysbery per medietatem diei ante meridiem.

Dicto die fuit apud Wylton-abbey ad missam Sanctæ Edithæ.

Dicto die dominica applicui apud villam Cheverelle per duo miliaria citra le Vyes, ubi quidem homo vocatus Philippus Pur pernoctavit me sua curtesia.

Lunæ applicui ――――.

Lunæ ultimo die Augusti equitavi per villam de Vyes, Yakysbery, et ultimo apud Manerium de Crofton, quondam Katermayno in parochia de Helmerton, ubi feci negotium Thomæ Danvers armigeri.

Postea equitavi per villas de Stanley-abbey et Chypenham, et applicui usque Castelcombe.

Martis die primo Septembris, Sancti Egidii, equitavi per Mershfelde versus Bristolliam, applicando ibi hora circa 6 post meridiem.

Mercurii primo Septembris, Bristolliæ.

Jovis 2 Septembris, incepi equitare de Bristollia primo per aquam usque ―――― et postea equest. usque Aust-clyf ibidem pernoctando.

Veneris 3 die Septembris de Aust-clyff per aquam usque Chepstow navigando, ad prandium applicando usque abbathiam de Tyntern.

Sabbati 4 die Septembris, fui ibidem.

Dominica 5 die Septembris fui Tyntern-abbey tota die.

Lunæ 7 die Septembris equitavi de Tyntern in mane.

Lunæ predicto fui apud Chepstow.

Lunæ predicto applicui ultra aquam per Aust-clyff usque Westbery.

Martis 7 die Septembris nativitatis Beatæ Mariæ apud Westbery audivi divina servicia.

Martis predicto post meridiem applicui Bristolliæ.

Mercurii 9 Septembris, de Bristollia hora meridionali applicui usque Wells pernoctando.

Jovis 10 Septembris, applicui Glastynbery, et applicui post meridiem usque Chedsey villam per duo miliaria de Bryggewater.

Veneris 11 Septembris, applicui Bryggewater.

Veneris predicto, jantavi apud Taunton ―――― et applicui ad noctem ad villam de ―――― per 12 miliaria de Taunton.

Sabbati 12 die Septembris jantavi apud Kyrton, ubi est collegium.

Sabbati prædicto applicui ad villam Okenton, ubi est castellum comitis Devoniæ, pernoctando ibidem.

Dominica 13 die Septembris de Okenton usque villam de Launceston cum castro, et pernoctavi tota die et nocte.

Locutus fui de doctore Ewen et certis cronicis.

Lunæ 14 die Septembris, exaltationis sanctæ crucis, de prioratu Launceston equitavi per le Moore post meridiem, ubi equus meus occidet, applicando ad Bodman, loquendo cum fratre Mowne etcet.

Martii 15 die Septembris apud Bodman loquendo cum ―――― Bernard, et equitavimus per villam Trewro, pernoctando cum Otys Philip valetto coronæ regis.

Mercurii 16 die Septembris fui apud Trewro, et apud fratres predicantes videndo martilogium, et applicavimus usque villam Markysew prope Montem Michaelis ad noctem.

Jovis 17 die Septembris Sancti Lamberti, audivi missam apud Myghell-mont.

Jovis predicto, post meridiem reequitavi usque villam Penryn.

Veneris 18 Septembris, pernoctavi usque villam Penryn, ubi est collegium, et applicui ad Bodman.

Dominica 20 Septembris, equitavi de Bodman usque villam Lastidyelle, et applicui usque villam Bokehenney et ―――― et Fowey, loquendo et pernoctando cum Roberto Bracey.

Lunæ 21 equitavi per Lyscard apud Ferram, et applicui per le moore vocat. Dertmore, et per aquam vocatam le Hach ―――― et applicui usque abbathiam Tavystoke, pernoctando.

Sanctus Cradokus est honoratus in ecclesia capellæ prope Patistow in comitatu de Cornewaylle propter vermes destruendos bibendo aquæ fontis ibidem.

Castrum Restormalle prope villam prope Lastudielle, et Castrum Lastudielle in Cornubia, ambo fundantur per Ricardum regem Alemaniæ fratrem regis Henrici tertii per relationem Benedicti Bernard armigeri.

Il port de argent, ung lion de gulys rampand armee de azur.

The felde argent, le baton zable, le lyon gulys.

Le champ de azur, et ung egle displayed de argent, oveque ung test le beke de rouge.

Pontes Cornubiæ a villa Excestre transeundo versus usque le Mount.

Brygge Excet’ vocat. Exbrygge.

Oklynton brygge per 20 miliaria de Excestre.

Lydford brygge per 6 miliaria de Okynton.

Hawtys brygge per 8 miliaria de Lydford.

Launceston brygge borialis super aquam Thamar, ubi Hawtys brygge.

Wade-brygge de xvi peres per 20 miliaria de Launceston in le northa syde Comewayle.

Memorandum inter Lyscard et Bodman est Reperend brygge per unum miliare de Bodman.

Tregheney brygge per 20 miliaria de Metsholle versus le Myghell Mont, et per 30 miliaria de Lanceston westward.

Lowbrygge ut maximus pons circa vi arcuum sita est inter Plymouth et Fowey, scilicet in villa de Low, qui est estward.

[43] Acle is in Norfolk, and this portion of the extracts from Worcestre’s very indigested collections, together with some other passages, ought to have been omitted, but they were not noticed in time. Edit.

VII.

THE ITINERARY OF JOHN LELAND, SO FAR AS RELATES TO CORNWALL.

(Hearne’s Edition, vol. II. fol. 69.)

From Depeford to Lanstoun a xij miles by hilly and much morisch groude baren of wodde. Or ever I cam to Lanstoun by a mile I passid over a bridge of stone, having 3 arches and a [one] smaul, caullid New Bridge; thorough the which the ryver of Tamar rennith, that almost from the hed of it to the mouth devidith Devonshir from Cornewaule. This New Bridge was of the making of the Abbates of Tavestok, and mainteinyd by them; for Tavestoke Abbay had fair possessions thereaboute.

The Ryver of Tamar risith a 3 miles by north-est from Hertelande and thens cummith to Tamerton, a village on the est ripe yn Devonshire; and ther is a bridg over Tamar of stone: and from this bridg to Padestow xx miles. Yalme Bridge of stone 2 miles lower. New Bridge 2 miles lower. Pulstun Bridge 2 miles lower. Greistoun Bridge a 2 miles or more lower. Tavestoke about a 4 miles from Greston Bridg; and Grestoun Bridg, being about a 3 miles from Launston, is the way from Launston to Tavestok. Hawte Bridg. Another bridg caullid New Bridg. Caulstoke Bridg next the se, begon by Sir Perse Eggecumbe. Lideford Bridge is not on Tamar.

After that I had enterid a litle into the suburbe of Launstoun, I passed over a brooke caullid Aterey, that rennith yn the botom of the stepe hil that Launstoun stondith on. This water, as I there lernid, riseth a x miles of by west-north-west towards Bodmyne; and, passing by Launstoun, goith in Tamar by est, as I did gather, a litle above Pulston Bridg. After that I had passid over Aterey, I went up by the hille thorough the long suburbe, ontylle I cam to the toun waul and gate, and so passid thorough the toun, conscending the hill ontylle I cam to the very top of it, wher the marketplace and the paroche chirch of S. Stephane, lately reedified, be. The large and auncient Castelle of Launstun stondith on the knappe of the hill, by south a litle from the paroche chirch. Much of this castel yet stondith; and the moles that the kepe stondith on is large and of a terrible highth, and the arx of it, having 3 severale wardes, is the strongest but not the biggest that ever I saw in any auncient worke in Englande. Thir is a litle pirle of water that servith the high parte of Lanstoun.

The Priorie of Launstoun stondith in the south-west parte of the suburbe of the toun, under the rote of the hille, by a fair wood side; and thorowgh this wood rennith a pirle of water, cumming out of an hil therby, and servith al the offices of the place. In the chirch I markid 2 notable tumbes, one of Prior Horton, and another of Prior Stephane. One also told me there, that one Mabilia, a Countes, was buried ther in the Chapitre House. One William Warwist, Bishop of Excestre, erected this Priorie, and was after buried at Plymtoun Priory that he also erected. Warwist, for erection of Launston Priory, suppressid a collegiate Chirch of S. Stephan having Prebendaries, and gave the best part of the landes of it to Launstoun Priory, and toke the residew hymself. There yet standith a Chirch of S. Stephan, about half a mile from Launstoun on a hille, wher the Collegiate Chirch was. Gawen Carow hath the custody of the Priory. There is a Chapelle by a west-north-west a litle without Launstowne, dedicate to S. Catarine; it is now prophanid.

From Launston to Botreaux Castelle, vulgo Boscastel, first a 2 miles by enclosid ground having sum woodde and good corne. Thens an 8 miles by morisch and hilly ground and great scarsite of wood, insomuch that al the countery therabout brennith firres and hethe. And thens a 2 miles to Boscastel by enclosid ground metely fruteful of corne, but exceding baren of wood, to the which the bleke northern se is not there of nature favorable. The toun of Boscastelle lyith apon the brow of a rokky hille by south-est, and so goith doun by lenght to the northe toward the se, but not even ful hard to it. It is a very filthy toun and il kept. There is a chirch in it, as I remembre of S. Simpherian. The Lorde Botreaux was lord of this town, a man of an old Cornish linage, and had a manor place, a thing, as far as I could ―――― of smaul reputation, as it is now, far onworthe the name of a castel. The people ther caulle it the Courte. Ther cummith down a little broke from south-est out of the hilles therby, and so renning by the west side of the towne, goeth into Severn se betwixt 2 hylles, and ther maketh a pore havenet, but of no certaine salvegarde. One of the Hungrefordes maried with one of the heires generale of Botreaux, and so Boscastel cam to Hungreford. Then cam Boscastelle, by an heir generale of the Hungrefords, unto the Lord Hastinges. Hastinges Erle of Huntendune and the late lord Hungreford had a lordship of the Botreaux in partition, caullid Parke; and ther is a manor place or castelet. It is a vi miles from Botreaux by south.

Ther is no very notable toun or building from Botreaux by est-north-est, along apon the shore upper on Severn to Hertland point, but Strettoun, and that is a xij miles from Botreaux, and ther is a praty market. It stondith about a mile from the se. There is a place near to Stretton caullid Ebbingford, but now communely Efford, wher John Arundale of Trerise was borne, and hath a fair manor place, in the which Syr John Chaumon now dwellith, that maried the mother yet lyving of John Arundale of Trerise.

Olde Treviliane, a man of pratie land, but cumming of a younger brother of the chife house of that name, dwellith toward Stretton, at a place caullid ――――. Hertland Point is a x miles upper on Severn from Strettoun.

From Botreaux to Tredewy village, on the shore about a mile, and ther cummith downe a broke rising in the gret rokky hilles therby.

From Tredewi to Bossinny, on the shore about a mile. This Bossinny hath beene a bygge thing for a fischar town, and hath great privileges grauntid onto it. A man may se there the ruines of a gret numbre of houses. Here also cummith down a broke, and this broke and Tredewy water resort to the se at one mouth betwyxt ij hilles, wherof that that is on the est side, lyith out lyke an arme or cape, and maketh the fascion of an havenet or pere, whither shippelettes sumtime resorte for socour. A frere of late dayes toke apon hym to make an haven at this place, but he litle prevailid theryn. There ly 2 blake rokkes as islettes at the west-north-west point or side of this creeke; the one, saving a gut of water, joyning to the other. And yn these brede gulles, be al lykelihod.

From Bossinny to Tintagel Castel on the shore a mile. This castelle hath bene a marvelus strong and notable forteres, and almost situ loci inexpugnabile, especially for the dungeon, that is on a great and high terrible cragge, environid with the se; but having a drawbridge from the residew of the castelle onto it. There is yet a chapel standing withyn this dungeon of S. Ulette, alias Uliane. Shepe now fede within the dungeon. The residew of the buildings of the castel be sore wether-beten and yn ruine; but it hath beene a large thinge. This castelle stondith in the paroche of Trevenny; and the paroch therof is of S. Simphorian, ther caullid Simiferian.

Passing a mile from the chirch of S. Symphorian by hilly and hethy ground, I cam over a brooke that ran from south-est-north to Severn se, and about half a mile beyound the mouth of this brook lay a great blak rok like an islet yn the se not far from the shore.

Porthissek, a fisschar village, lyith about a 3 miles from the mouth of th’afore sayd brook, lower by west on Severn shore. There resortith a broke to Porthissek, and there is a pere and sum socour for fisschar botes.

Porthguin, a fisschar village, lyith a 2 miles lower on the shore, and there is the issue of a broke and a pere. And a 3 miles lower is the mouth of Padestow Haven. From Dindagelle to S. Esse village a 4 miles; meately good ground about S. Esses selfe. From S. Esse to Trelille village 2 miles. From Trelille to ―――― wher Master Carniovies, alias Carnsey, hath a praty house, fair ground, and praty wood about it.

Thens 3 miles by good corne grounde, but no wood, to Wadebridge. Wher as now Wadebridge is, ther was a fery a 80 yeres syns, and menne sumtyme passing over by horse, stoode often in great jeopardie.

Then one Lovebone, vicar of Wadebridge, movid with pitie, began the bridge, and with great paine and studie, good people putting their help thereto, finishid it with xvij fair and great uniforme arches of stone. One told me that the fundation of certein of tharches was first sette on so quick sandy ground that Lovebone almost despairid to performe the bridg ontyl such tyme as he layed pakkes of wolle for fundation.

The ryver of Alawne rennith thorough Wadebridge, evidentley seen at lower.

The first memorable bridge on Alane is caullid Helham Bridge ―――― miles lower then Camilforde, but Alane is almost a mile from Camilford Toun.

Dunmere Bridge of 3 arches a 2 miles lower. Here doth Alaune ryver ren within a mile of Bodmyn.

Wadebridge a 3 miles lower by land and 4 by water. This is the lowest bridg on Alane.

Ther cummith a broke from S. Esse 5 myles from Wadebridge, and a litle above Wadebridge goith into Alane by the est side of the haven. This broke risith a 2 miles above S. Esse by est-north-est. There cummith a brooke from Mr. Carnsey’s house, and goith into Alane, by the est side of the haven a 3 miles lower than Wadebridge: and here is a creeke at the mouth of this brooke that ebbith and flowith up into the land.

In the way passing from Dunmere Bridge toward Bodmyn, there rennith a praty broket thoroug a bridge of one stone arche, a very litle way beyond Dunmer Bridge: and a litle lower goith into Alane bynethe Dunmer Bridge by the west ripe of Alane. This litle broke servith the milles, and rennith by the est ende of the town of Bodmyn.

There cummith a brooke into Alaune about a 2 miles byneth Dunmere bridg on the west ripe. This brooke riseth by south-est: and at S. Lawrence, scant a mile owt of Bodmyn, I passid over a bridge on this water in the way to Michale.

From Wadebridge to Padestow, a good quick fischar toun but onclenly kepte, a 4 miles. This toun is auncient, bering the name of Lodenek in Cornische, and yn Englisch, after the trew and old writinges, Adelstow, Latine Athelstani locus. And the toune there takith King Adelstane for the chief gever of privileges vnto it. The paroch Chirch of Padestow is of S ――――. There use many Britons with smaul shippes to resorte to Padestow with commoditees of their countery and to by fische. The toun of Padestow is ful of Irisch men. Padestow is set on the weste side of the haven. Padestow toun is a ―――― miles from the very haven mouth. From the mouth of Padestow Haven to S. Carantokes a ―――― miles.

From Wadebridge to Dunmere a 3 miles, and thens a mile to Bodmyn. Bodmyn hath a market on every Saturday, lyke a fair for the confluence of people. The showe and the principale of the toun of Bodmyn is from west to est along in one streate. There is a chapel of S ―――― at the west ende of the toune. The paroch chirch standith at the est end of the town and is a fair large thyng. There is a cantuarie chapel at th’est ende of it. The late Priory of Blake Chanons stoode at the est ende of the paroch chirchyard of Bodmyne. S. Petrocus was Patrone of this, and sumtyme dwellyd ther. There hath bene monkes, then nunnys, then seculare prestes, then monkes agayn, and last canons regular, in S. Petrokes chirch. Willyam Warlewist, Bishop of Excestre, erectid the last fundation of this Priory; and had to hymself part of th’auncient landes of Bodmyn monasterie. I saw no tumbes in the Priory very notable, but Thomas Vivianes, late Prior ther, and Suffragane by the title of the Bishoprike of Megarensis.[44] The Shrine and Tumbe of S. Petrok yet stondith in th’est part of the chirche. There was a good place of Gray Freres in the south side of Bodmyn town. One John of London, a merchaunt, was the beginner of this house. Edmund Erle of Cornewaul augmentid it. There lay buried in the Gray Freres Sir Hugh and Sir Thomas Peverelle, knightes, and benefactors to the house. There is another Chapel in Bodmyn beside that in the west ende of the toune, and an Almose House, but not endowid with landes.

From Bodmyn to S. Laurence, wher a poor Hospital or Lazar House is, about a mile. One of the Peverelles gave a litle annuitie onto this house. Here I passid over a stone bridge, and under it rennith a praty broke that cummith out of the hylles from south-este, and goith into Alane a 2 miles above Padestow by the weste ripe, and by the meanes of the se and creke it ebbith and flowith up into the creke of this river. From S. Laurence I passed by morisch ground al baren of woodde a vj m[iles], leving about this vj miles ende S. Columbes, about a 2 miles off on the right hond.

And ther about I left Castelle an dinas on the same hand, a good mile of. But I saw no building on it, but an hille bering that name.

Thens to Michel, a litle thorough fare, a 2. or 3. miles, by morisch ground, all baren of wood.

Thens a 5 miles to a litle village and paroch church, callid Alein. And hereabout there is very good corne.

And so a myle to Gwernak, Master Arundale’s house. This Arundale gyveth no part of the armes of great Arundale of Lanheran, by S. Columbes; but he told me that he thought that he cam of the Arundales in Base Normandy, that were lordes of Culy Castelle, that now is descended to one Mounseir de la Fontaine, a Frenchman, by heir generale. This Arundale ys caullid Arundale of Trerise, by a difference from Arundale of Lanheron. Trerise is a lordship of his, a 3 or 4 miles from Alein chirch. Arundale of Trerise had to his first wife one of the 2 doughters and heires of Boville, alias Beville, and Graneville had the other; and they had betwixt them litle lak of 400 markes of landes by the yere in partition.[45] The house that John Arundale of Trerise dwellith yn was Bovilles, and this Boville gave the Ox in Gules in his armes. There is yet one of the names of the Beviles, a man of a c. li land purchased by the grandfather of ―――― Beville now living. This Beville hath ―――― [ed] ―――― [brother of Sir John] Arundale of Trerise ――――.

Armes in Castel Cairden.

Sir William Godolchan and Strowdes daughter his wif, of Pernham in Dorsetshire.

Sir William Godolchan and Margaret Glynne his first wife. Margaret was one of the 3. heires of Glyn of Morevale, by Low [Looe] water toward S. Germans. Vivian of Trelowarren[46] maried the second daughter and coheire of Glynne. Richard Kendale of Worgy had the 3.

William Godolchan the sunne, and Blanch Langdon his wife. Langdon dwellith at Keverel by S. Germanes.

S. Albine his stok cam out of Britaine. There is another house of the S. Albines in Somersetshire.

Grainville.

Milatun dwellith at Pergroinswik.

Campernulphus, alias Chambernon, d’n’s de Trewardreth, et fundator prioratus monachorum, qui post D’ni erant ejusdem manerii. Campernulphus nunc dominus de Modbyri in comitatu Devoniæ. He was lord of Bere toward Excestre.

Men of { Carow of Mohuns Otery. fair { Carow of Hacham by Torbay. landes. { Carow of Antony in Cornewaulle by Aisch.

{ Vivian. al 3. in Menek { Reskimer. of faire living. { Erisi, at Erisi in Menek.

Cowlin at Treneglis.

Cavel, maried Sir William Godolcan sister.

Petite was a man of very fair landes in Cornewaulle; and among other things he was lord of the isle of Pryven that now descendith to Kiligrew.

Bewpray, id est, de Bello prato.

Archedecon.

Tresinny, at Penrine, a man of 40 mark landes; most part of it lyith about Padestow.

Ex vita Sanctæ Breacæ.

Barricius socius Patritii, ut legitur in vita S. Wymeri. S. Breaca nata in partibus Lagoniæ et Ultoniæ.

Campus Breacæ in Hibernia in quo Brigida oratorium construxit, et postea Monaster. in quo fuit et S. Breaca.

Breaca venit in Cornubiam comitata multis Sanctis, inter quos fuerunt Sinninus Abbas, qui Romæ cum Patritio fuit, Maruanus monachus, Germmochus rex, Elwen, Crewenna, Helena.

Breaca appulit sub Revyer cum suis, quorum partem occidit Tewder.

Breaca venit ad Pencair.

Breaca venit ad Trenewith.

Breaca ædificavit eccl. in Trenewith et Talmeneth, ut legitur in vita S. Elwini.

Pencair, an hille in Pembro paroche, vulgo S. Banka.

Trenewith, a little from the paroch [church] of Pembro, wher the paroch church [was] or ever it was set at Pembro.

Talmeneth, a mansion place in [Pembro].

Cairdine, an old mansion of the Cowlines, wher now William Godolcan dwellith.

Carne Godolcan, on the top of an hille, wher is a diche, and there was a pile and principal habitation of the Godolcans. The diche yet apperith, and many stones of late time hath beene fetchid thens; it is a 3. miles from S. Michael’s Mont by est-north-est.

Cair Kinan, alias Gonyn and Conin, stoode in the hille of Pencair. There yet apperith 2 diches. Sum say that Conin had a sun caullid Tristrame.

S. Germocus, a chirch 3 miles from S. Michael’s Mont, by est-south-est, and a mile from the se; his tumb is yet seene ther. S Germoke’s chair in the chirch yard. S. Germoke’s welle a litle without the chirch yard.

Garsike, alias Pengarsike, nere the shore a 3. miles by est from S. Michaeles Mont.

Milatun hath part of Mewis landes in Devonshire, by one of the heires generall of Mewis, of Mewis Urth, a daughter and heire of the Godalcans, married to Henry Force. Yonge Milatun hath sir Godalcan’s daughter to his wife. One of the Worthes wives gave a late this land with a daughter of hers to one of the Milatuns of Devonshire.

Markesju,[47] a great long toun, burnid 3 aut 4 anno Henr. 8 a Gallis. The paroch chirch a mile of. A pere by the Mount. Markjue and the Mount be both S. Hillaries paroche. There was found of late yeres syns spere heddes, axis for warre, and swerdes of coper, wrappid up in lynin scant perishid, nere the Mount in S. Hilaries paroch in tynne works.

Comes Moritoniæ et Cornubiæ made a celle of monkes in S. Michel Mont. This celle was ons gyven to a college in Cambridge. Syns given to Syon. A fair spring in the Mont.

Ludewin, alias Ludevaulles, wher, as sum suppose, was a castel, a mile by west from Markesju; it longid to the Lord Brooke.

Pensandes, 2 miles of by west; there is a litle peere.

Newlin, a mile lower on the shore; there is a peere. Newlin is an hamlet to Mousehole. Mousehole a mile lower. There is a peer. Mousehole in Cornish Port-enis (Portus insulæ). A bay from Newlin to Mousehole, caullid Gnaverslak. A litle beyond Mousehole, an islet and a chapel of S. Clementes in it. There hath bene much land devourid of the sea betwixt Pensandes and Mousehole. An old legend of St. Michael speaketh of a tounelet in this part now defaced, and lying under the water.

King Ethelstane, founder of S. Burien’s College, and giver of the privileges and sanctuarie to it. S. Buriana, an holy woman of Ireland, sumtyme dwellid in this place, and there made an oratory. King Ethelstane goyng hens, as it is said, onto Sylley, and returning, made ex voto a College wher the Oratorie was.

Tredine Castel ruines at the south-west point of Penwith; manifesta adhuc extant vestigia. I hard say that one Myendu was lord of it. Myendu signifieth blak mouth or chimne.

Ryvier Castel, almost at the est part of the mouth of Hayle River on the north se, now as sum think drounid with sand. This was Theodore’s castle.

Combe Castelle, ubi tm (?) loci vestigia, and Pencombe a little foreland, about a mile upper than Kenor on Severn. Basset hath a right goodly lordship caullid Treheddy by this Cumb. There cummith a good brooke down by Combe.

Cayl Castelle a mile by est from River in S. Filake’s Paroche.

Nikenor,[48] a 2 miles from Ryvier, sumtyme a great toun now gone. 2 paroche chirchis yet seene a good deale several one from the other, sumtyme in the towne, but it is now communely taken to be in S. Guivian’s paroch; and there cummith a broket to the sea.

Carnbray, on a hil, a castelet or pile of Basset’s, a mile west of Revier town. There was sumtyme a park, now defacid.

SCYLLEY.

There be countid a 140 Islettes of Scylley, that bere gresse exceding good pasture for catail. S. Mary isle is a 5 miles or more in cumpace; in it is a poore toun, and a meately strong pile: but the roues [roofs] of the buildinges in it be sore defacid and woren. The ground of this ile berith exceeding good corn: insomuch that, if a man do but cast corn wher hogges have rotid, it wyl cum up.

Iniscaw longid to Tavestoke, and ther was a poore celle of monkes of Tavestoke. Sum caulle this Trescaw: it is the biggest of the Islettes, in cumpace a 6 miles or more.

S. Martines isle.

S. Agnes isle, so caullid of a chapel theryn. The isle of S. Agnes was desolated by this chaunce in recenti hominum memoria. The hole numbre almost of v. housoldes that were yn this isle cam to a mariage or a fest into S. Mary isle, and goinge homewarde were al drownid.

Ratte islande.

Saynct Lides isle; wher yn tymes past at her sepulchre was gret superstition.

There appere tokens in diverse [of] the islettes of habitations now clene doun.

Gulles and puffinnes be taken in diverse of these islettes, and plenty of conyes be in diverse of these islettes. Diverse of these islettes berith wyld garlyk. Few men be glad to inhabite these islettes, for al the plenty, for robbers by the sea that take their catail of force. These robbers be French men and Spaniardes. One Davers, a gentilman of Wilshir, whos chief house is at Daundesey, and Whittington, a gentleman of Glocestreshire, be owners of Scylley; but they have scant 40 markes by yere of rentes and commodites of it.

Scylley is a kenning, that is to say, about an xx miles from the very westeste pointe of Cornewaulle.

Petites principal house was at Ardeverauian in Falmouth Haven by the peninsula, caullid Ardeverameur. Petites landes be now descended to Arundale of Trerise, Granville, knight, and Killigrew.

Thomas Levelis about S. Burianes.

Kiwartun at Newlin by Mousehole.

John Godolcan at Mousehole.

Cavelle is S. Cua paroch at Trearach.

Carnsew at Brokelly in S. Cua paroch.

Nicolle in S. Tedy paroch by Bokelly.

Trecarelle, at Trecarelle by Launston.

From Mr. Godolcan to Pembro, wher the paroch chirch is [i. e. appertains] to Mr. Godolcan. The personage impropriate to Heyles in Glocestreshir. The south se is about a mile from Pembro.

From Mr. Godolcan to Lanante a 4 miles. Passage at ebbe over a great strond, and then over Heyle river.

No greater tynne workes yn al Cornwall then be on Sir Wylliam Godalcan’s ground.

Heyle Haven shoken [choaked] with land of tynne works.

Heile ryver cummith of 4 principale heddes or brokes; one riseth by south, and other by south west; another by south-est; the 4 by north-est.

Mr. Mohun hath a fair lordship by S. Erthe’s, caullyd ――――.

Trewinard, a gentilman dwelling at Trewinard yn S. Erth paroch. S. Erth, a good mile above Lenant. S. Erth bridge, a good mile from Lannante, of 3 archis a litle byneth the paroche [church?] that stondith on the est side of the haven. This bridge was made a 200 yeres syns, and hath a 3 arches. Afore ther was a fery. Ther cam to this place ons, the haven beyng onbarrid, and syns chokid with tynne workes, good talle shippes.

There was a castel caullid Carnhangives, as apperith, or manor place, now clene doun, not far from the bridg. Dinham, as sum say, was lord of this place, and to the court thereof be longging many knightes and gentilmens services.

The toune of Lannant [now Lelant] is praty. The church thereof is of S. Unine.

S. Fës [St. Ive’s] a 2 miles or more from Lannant. The place that the chief of the toun hath and partely dooth stonde yn, is a very peninsula, and is extendid into the se of Severn as a cape. This peninsula, to compace it by the rote, lakkith litle of a mile. Most part of the houses in the peninsula be sore oppressid or overcoverid with sandes, that the stormy windes and rages castith up there. This calamite hath continued ther litle above 20 yeres. The best part of the toun now standith in the south part of the peninsula, up toward another hille, for defence from the sandes. There is a blok house and a fair pere in the est side of the peninsula; but the pere is sore chokid with sande. The paroch chirch is of Iva, a nobleman’s daughter of Ireland, and disciple of S. Barricus. Iva and Elwine, with many other, cam into Cornewaul, and landid at Pendinas. This Pendinas is the peninsula and stony rok wher now the toun of S. Ives stondith. One Dinan, a great lord in Cornewaul, made a chirch at Pendinas, at the requist of Iva, as it is written yn S. Ive’s legende.

Ther is now at the very point of Pendinas a chapel of S. Nicolas, and a pharos for lighte for shippes sailing by night in those quarters. The town of S. Ive’s is servid with fresch water of brokettes that rise in the hilles thereby. The late Lord Brook was lord of S. Ive’s, now Blunt lord Monjoy, and young Poulet.

S. Piranes in the Sandes, is an xviij. miles from S. Ive’s upward on Severne; and S. Carantokes is a 2 miles above that on the shore. Els litle or no notable thing on the shore for so farre. The shore from S. Ives is sore plagued to S. Carantokes with sandes. There dwellith a gentilman of a 50 markes land by yere, caullid Glynne, yn S. Ive’s.

From Mr. Godalcan’s to Trewedenek, about a 4 miles, wher Thomas Godalcan [yonger] sun to Sir Willyam, buildith a praty house, and hath made an exceding fair blo-house mille in the rokky valley therby.

Alle the brookes that cummith from the hilles thereabout gather to[ward] this botom, and go into Lo Poole a 2 [miles beneath.] Lo Poole is a 2 miles in lenght, and betwixt it and the mayn se, is but a barre of sand: and ons in 3 or 4 yeres, what by the wait of the fresch water and rage of the se, it brekith out, and then the fresch and salt water metyng makith a wonderful noise. But sone after, the mouth is barrid again with sande. At other tymes the superfluite of the water of Lo Poole drenith out thorough the sandy barre into the se. If this barre might be alway kept open, it wold be a goodly haven up to Hailestoun. The commune fisch of this pole is trout and ele.

Hailestoun, alias Hellas, stondith on an hill, a good market toun, having a mair and privileges; and coinage twis a yere for tynne blokkes. There hath bene a castelle. One paroch chirch at the north-west ende of the towne. An hospital of S. John yet stonding at the west-southwest of the town, of the foundation of one Kylligrew. The fresch water that goith to Lo Poole cummith down on the west side of the toun, but not even hard by it. Wike Mille water cummith within about half a mile on the east side of the towne.

From Hailstoun to Mogun Bridge, about a 2 miles dim. Thorough this bridge rennith at ebbe a litle brooke that riseth a ―――― miles upper by weste. It ebbith and flowith aboute a mile above this bridge. I saw on the left hand, a litle beside this bridge, the principal arme of Hailford Haven, caullid Wike, the wich flowith about a 3 miles upland by north to Wike Mille; and this arme is beten[49] with 2 litle fresch brokes bering the name of Wyke. A flite shot beyond this bridge I cam to a causey of stone, in the midle whereof was a bridge having but one arche. It flowith above this bridge; and at the ebbe there resortith a broke thourough this bridge, that cummith down from south-weste. A litle beneth these bridges both thes brokes in one run into Wik water. These bridges be a 4 miles or more from the mouth of Heilford Haven. About a 2 miles beneth this confluence rennith up on the est side of the haven a creeke of salt water, caullid Poulpere, and hemmith in a peace of Mr. Reskymer’s Parke at Merdon, so that with this creke, and the main se water of the haven, upon a 3 partes the parke is strenkthyd [surrounded]. Poul Wheverel about half a mile lower, having a brooke resorting to it. There is on the same side half a mile [lower] another creke callid Cheilow, alias Chalmansak. There be 4 crekes, (eche of thes crekes hath a broket resorting to them,) on the south-west side of the haven thus named. Pencastel the first, from the mouth, 4 miles beneth the bridges, whither shipes do resorte; and here is a trajectus from the one side of the haven to the other. This is a mile from the haven mouth, and here the shippes cummunely do ly. [2.] Caullons, half a mile upward. Then [3.] Mogun, a 2 miles higher, wher the bridge is, with the broken stone. S. Mogun’s Chirch upon Mogun Creeke. [4.] Gaire, wher the bridge is, with the causey and one arch, so that this brekith as a creke out of Mogun.

S. Mawnoun chirch, at the very point of the haven on the side toward Falmouth, a se marke. Gelling creeke, agayne S. Mawnoun’s on the other side, hard without the haven mouth. Gilling creke brekith at the hed into 2 crekes.

S. Piranes, alias Keverine, wher the sanctuarie was, a mile from S. Antonies, and not a mile from the main se.

The patronage of S. Antonies longid to Trewardreth. S. Antonies chirch or chapel beside at ―――― sand. S. Antonies standith in the point of the land of Gilling creke, and the mouth of Hailford haven. Mr. Reskimer hath a maner caullid by his own name a mile from Moreden. There hath bene a fair house, but it felle to ruine in tyme of mynde. Mr. Reskimer berith in his armes a wolphe. One of the Reskimers gave land to S. Keverines, for sustentation of certein poore folkes. S. Keverine’s, 2 miles from Gilling creeke, and not a mile from the se. S. Keverine’s longgid to Bewle Abbay in Hampshir, and had a sanctuarie privilegid at S. Keverin’s.

From Gaire bridg to Tremain, wher Mr. Reskimer now dwellith, a good mile. This litle house longgid to Tremain, and in tyme of mynde cam by heire general to one Tretherde. This Tretherde hath, beside, landes and a praty maner place at ―――― John Reskimer’s mother was Tretherth’s [daughter.] There is in Devonshir one of the Tremayns a man of fayre landes.

From Tremayn over Heilford Haven to Morden, where Mr. Reskimer hath a ruinus maner place, and a fair park well woddid; wherof 3 partes is within the principal streme of the haven, and a creke caullid Poole Penrith, hemmid yn. Morden [is] in Constentine paroch.

Then I rode half a mile and more from Morden over the fresch water, that riseth no far distance off yn the hilles, and goith strait into Poulpenrith creeke. About half a mile farther, I rode over an arme of the broke that cummith doun to Poulwitheral creeke; and sone after I rode over the greater arme of the same broke, the salt arme lying in the bottom hard under it.

Then I rode a 4 miles by morey and rokky ground. And then within the space of half a mile, I cam to S. Budocus church. This Budocus was an Irisch man, and cam into Cornewalle, and ther dwellid. A litle from the chirch there enterid betwixt ij hilles on the shore a short creke lyke an havenet, but it was barrid.

And a quarter of a mile farther I cam to Arwennak, Mr. Keligrewis place, stonding on the brimme or shore within Falemouth Haven. This place has been of continuance the auncient house of the Killigrewes. There was another house of the Keligrewis descending out of this, and it was in the toun of Penrine. Now both these houses be joynid yn one.

The very point of the haven mouth, being an hille wheron the King hath builded a castel, is caullid Pendinant, and longgith to Mr. Kiligrewe. It is a mile in cumpace, and is almost environid by the se; and where it is not, the ground is so low, and the cut to be made so litle, that it were insulatid. From S. Mawnon to Pendinas by water a 4 miles.

There lyith a litle cape or foreland within the haven, a mile dim. almost again Mr. Kiligrewis house, called Penfusis. Betwixt this cape and Mr. Kiligrew’s house, one great arme of the haven rennith up to Penrine toun.

Penrine 3 good miles from the very entery of Falmouth haven, and 2 miles from Penfusis. There dwellith an auncient gentilman, callid Trefusis, at this point of Penfusis.

Levine Prisklo, alias Levine Pole, betwixt S. Budocus and Pendinas; it were a good haven but for the barre of sande.

The first creke or arme that castith out on the northwest side of Falemuth, goith up [to] Penrin, and at the ende it brekith into 2 armes, the lesse to the College of Glasenith, i. viridis nidus, or wag-mier, at Penrin; the other to S. Gluvias, the paroch church of Penrine therby.

Out of eche side of Penrine creke, breaketh out an arme or ever it cum to Penrin. Stakes and foundation of stone sette in the creeke at Penrine, afore the toun, a little lower than wher it brekith into armes. A gap in the midle of the stakes, and a chain.

Good wood about the south and west syde of Penrith. One Walter [Brounscombe], Bishop of Excestre, made yn a more caullid Glesnith, in the bottom of a park of his at Penrine, a Collegiate chirch, with a provost, xij prebendaries, and other ministers. This college is strongly wallid and incastellid, having 3 strong towers and gunnes at the but of the creke.

Betwixt the point of land of Trefusis, and the point of Restronget wood, is Milor creek, and there is S. Milor’s church, and beyond the church is a good rode for shippes. Milor creke goith up a mile. Good wood in Restronget.

The next creek beyond the point in Stronget Wood is caullid Restronget, and going ij miles into the land, it brekith into 2 armes; and St. [Feock’s] Church standith in the land betwixt; and on the arme is a stone bridg caullid Carr Bridg in the way thens to Truru. Betwixt Restrongith Creke, and the creke of Truru, be two creekes. Truru Creeke is next, and goith up a 2 miles creking up from the principal streme. This creke brekith withyn half a mile of Truru, and castith yn a creke westward by Newham Wood. This creke of Truru, afore the very toun, is devidid into 2 partes, and eche of them hath a brook cumming doun, and a bridge, and the toun of Truru betwixt them both. The White Freres house was on the west arme, yn Kenwyn streate. Kenwen streat is severid from Truru with this arme; and Clementes streat by est is seperate on the est side from Truru with the other arme. One paroche church in Truru self. Kenwen and Clementes streates hath several chirches, and bere the name of the sainctes of the paroch chirches. Coynage of tynne at Midsomer and Michelmas at Truru. Truru is a borow toun and privilegid. Ther is a castelle a quarter of a mile by west out of Truru, longging to the Earl of Cornwale, now clene doun. The site therof is now usid for a shoting and playing place. Out of the body of Truru creke on the est side, brekith a crek estwarde a mile from Truru, and goith up a mile dim. to Tresilian Bridge of stone. At the entry and mouth of this creeke is a rode for shippes, caullid Maples Rode. Here faught a late xviij sail of Marchant Spaniardes, and 4 shippes of warre of Depe. The Spaniardes chac’d hither the French men.

A mile and a half above the mouth of Truro Creke, caullid La Moran Creke, of the church of S. Moran. This creke goith into the land a quarter of a mile from the maine streme of the haven. The mayne streame goith up 2 miles above Moran creeke, ebbing and flowing; and a quarter of a mile above is the toune of Tregony, vulgo Tregny. Here is a bridge of stone aliquot arcuum apon Fala ryver. Fala river riseth a mile or more off Rochehille, and goith by Granborrow, [“Pons grandis,” i. e. Granpound] wher is a bridge of stone over it. Graunpond, a 4 miles from [Roche,] and 2 litle miles from Tregony. Mr. Tregyon hath a maner place richely begon and amply, but not endid, caullid Wulvedon, alias Goldoun. Fala ryver, is betwixt Graunpond and Tregony.

From Tregony to passe doune by the body of the haven of Falamuth, to the mouth of Lanyhorne creeke or pille on the south-est side of the haven, is a 2 miles. This creke goith up half a mile from the principale streame of the haven.

At the hed of this creeke standith the castelle of Lanyhorne, sumtyme a castel of an 8 toures, now decaying for lak of coverture. It longgid as principal house to the Archedecons. Thes landes descendid by heires general to the best Corbetes of Shropshir, and to Vaulx of Northamptonshir. Vaulx part syns bought by Tregyon of Cornewaul. From Lanyhorne pille is a place or point of land of 40 acres or therabout as a peninsula, and is caullid Ardeuerameur, and is a mile from Lanyhorne creke; and the water or creke that cummith or rennith into the south-south-est part is but a litle thyng, as of an half mile. The creke that hemmith this peninsula up into the land, yn on the west-south-west side, is the mayn land betwixt Crameur creke and this.

From the mouth of the west creke of this peninsula to S. Juste creeke a 4 miles or more. From S. Juste pille or creeke to S. Mauditus creeke is a mile dim.

The point of the land betwixt S. Juste creke and S. Maws is of sum caullid Pendinas, and on this point stondith, as yn the entery of S. Maws creek, a castelle or forteres late begon by the king.

[Vol. iii. p. 46. Inscriptions made [by Leland] at the request of Master Trewry at the Castelle of St. Maw’s.

Henricus Oct. Rex Angl. Franc. et Hiberniæ invictiss. me posuit præsidium Reipubl. terrorem Hostib.

Imperio Henrici, naves, submittite vela.

Semper honos, Henrice, tuus laudesque manebunt.

Edwardus famâ referat factisque parentem.

Gaudeat Edwardo duce nunc Cornubia felix.]

This creke of S. Maws goith up a 2 myles by est-north-est into the land, and so far it ebbith and flowith; and ther is a mylle dryven with a fresch brook that resortith to the creke. Scant a quarter of a mile from the castel on the same side, upper into the land, is a praty village or fischar town with a pere, caullid S. Maw’s; and there is a chapelle of hym, and his chaire of stone a little without, and his welle. They caulle this Sainct there S. Mat ―――― he was a bishop in Britain, and [was] paintid as a scholemaster.

Half a mile from the hedde of this, downward to the haven, is a creke in a corner of a poole with a round mark, made in charte, on the which is a mille grinding with the tyde. A mile beneth that, on the south side enterythe a creke half a mile, and this is barrid by a smaul sand banke from the main sea. A mile beneth this, and almost agayn S. Maw, a creeke or poole goynge up a litle in ―――― at the but of this is a myle. And a celle of S. Antone longging to Plympton Priory, and here, of late dayes, lay 2 chanons of Plympton Priory.

All the crekes of Fala welle woddid.

From S. Antonies Point at the mayn se to Penare Point a 3 miles dim.

Grefe Islet lyith scant half a mile est of Penare, wherein breadeth gullis and other se foules. This Grefe lyith north from the Forne, a point or foreland in Britain, bytwene the wich is the entery of the sleve of the ocean. And betwixt Forne and Grefe is a v. kennynges; and here is breviss. trajectus by estimation from Cornewaulle into Britaines continent.

About a myle by west of Penare is a forte nere the shore in the paroch of S. Geron’s. It is a single dikyd, and within a but shot of the north side of the same apperith an hole of a vault broken up by a plough yn tylling. This vault had an issue from the castelle to the se. And a litle by north of the castelle a 4 or 5 borowes or cast hilles. A mile dim. from this there is another in the syde of an hille ―――― a quarter ―――― from the lordship of ―――― thy, sumtyme the Archdekens, now Corbettes and Tregions.

Dudeman Foreland or Point is about a 3 miles from Grefe. No wood on the very cost from S. Antonies Point to Dudeman. Inward yn the land is some woode ―――― This chapelle land or point is in the park of Bodrugan; and yn this park was the house of Sir Henry Bodrugan, a man of auncient stok, atteyntid for takyng part with King Richard the 3 agayn Henry the 7; and after flying into Ireland, Syr Richard Eggecomb, father to Sir Pers Eggecombe, had Bodrigan and other parcelles of Bodrigan’s landes. And Trevagnon had part of Bodrigan’s landes, as Restronget and Newham, both in Falamuth Haven.

From Chapel land to Pentowen, a sandy bay, witherto fischar bootes repair for a socour, a 2 myles. Here issuith out a praty ryver that cummith from S. Austelles, about a 2 miles dim. off. And there is a bridge of stone of the name of the town. This ryver rennith under the west side of the hille, that, the poore toun of S. Austelles stondith on. At S. Austelles is nothing notable but the paroch chirch.

From Pentowen to the Blake Hedd a mile. There is a fair quarre of whit fre-stone on the shore betwixt Pentowen and Blak Hed, whereof sum be usid in the inward partes of S. Mawe’s forteresse. The residew of morstone and slate. And Pendinas Castelle is of the same stone except the wallinge.

And in the cliffes between the Blak Hed and Tywartraith Bay is a certeyn cave, wheryn apperith thinges lyke images gilted. And also in the same cliffes be vaynis of metalles as coper and other.

There is, a mile from the entery of Tywartraith Bay up yn the land at the but ende of it, a paroch chirch of S. Blase, and ther is a new bridge of stone of the sainctes name over a broke that ther cummith into the bay.

Tywardreth, a praty toun but no market, lyith a quarter of a myle from the est side of the bay. Ther is a paroch chirch, and ther was a priory of blak monkes, a celle sumtyme to a house in Normandy. Sum say Campernulphus was founder of this priory. Sum say that Cardinham was founder. Arundale of Lanhern was of late taken for founder. I saw a tumbe in the west part of the chirch of the priori, with this inscription:

Hæc est Tumba Roberti filii Wilihelmi.

This Robert Fitz William was a man of fair landes tempore Edwardi 3. reg. Ang.

From Tywardreth toun to Fawey town a ij miles. The point of land on the est side of Tywardreth Bay is caullid Penarth Point. From Penarth to the haven mouth of Fawey is a 2 miles. Ther is at the west point of the haven of Fawey Mouth a blok house devised by Thomas Treury,[50] and made partely by his cost, partely by the town of Fawey. A litle higher on this point of the hille is a chapel of S. Catarine. And hard under the roote of this hille a litle withyn the haven mouth, is a litle bay or creke bering the name of Catarine.

About a quarter of a mile upper on this the west side of Fawey haven is a square toure of stone for defence of the haven, made about King Edward the 4. tym; and litle above this tower on the same side is Fawey Town, lying alonge the shore, and builded on the side of a great slatey rokkid hille. In the midle of the toun apon the shore self is a house buildid quadrantly in the haven, which shadowith the shippes in the haven above it from 3 partes of the haven mouth, and defendith them from stormes. The name of the toun of Fawey is in Cornisch Conwhath. It is set on the north side of the haven, and is set hangging on a maine rokky hille, and is in length about a quarter of a mile. The towne longgid to one Cardinham, a man of great fame, and he gave it to Tywartraith Priorie, of the which sum say that Cardinham was founder; sum say Campernulph of Bere. But at this gift Fawey was but a smaul fischar toun. The paroch chirch of Fawey is of S. Fimbarrus, and was impropriate to the priorie of Tywartraith. The glorie of Fawey rose by the warres in King Edward the first and the thirde and Henry the v. day, partely by feates of warre, partely by pyracie, and so waxing riche felle al to marchaundice, so that the town was hauntid with shippes of diverse nations, and their shippes went to all nations. The shippes of Fawey sayling by Rhie and Winchelsey, about Edward the 3. tyme, wold vale no bonet beyng requirid; wherapon Rhy and Winchelsey men and they faught, when Fawey men had victorie, and therapon bare the armes mixt with the armes of Rhy and Winchelsey, and then rose the name of the ‘Gallaunts of Fawey.’ The French men diverse tymes assailid this town, and last most notably about Henry the vj. tyme, when the wife of Thomas Treury the 2. with her men repellid the French out of her house in her housebandes absence. Wherapon, Thomas Treury buildid a right fair and stronge embatelid tower in his house, and embateling all the waulles of the house, in a maner made it a castelle, and onto this day it is the glorie of the town building in Faweye. In Edwarde the 4. day, 2. stronge towers were made a litle beneth the town, one on eche side of the haven, and a chayne to be drawen over. When warre in Edward the 4 dayes seasid bytwene the French men and Englisch, the men of Fawey, usid to pray [spoil], kept their shippes and asaillid the Frenchmen in the sea agayn King Edwardes commandement; wherapon the capitaines of the shippes of Fawey were taken and sent to London, and Dertemouth men commaunded to fetche their shippes away, at which tyme Dertmouth men toke them in Fawy, and toke away, as it is said, the great chein that was made to be drawen over the haven from towre to towre.

From Fawey town end by north in the haven is Chagha mille pille, a litle uppeward on the same side. A good mile above Chagha mille pille is on this west side Bodmyn pille, having [a landing place] for wares, then to be caried to Bodmyn.

A quarter of a mile from Bodmyn creek mouth up into the haven on the same side is Gullant a fischar tounlet.

From Gullant to Lantian pille or creek about half a mile: it goith up but a litle into the land. Lantiant lordship longid to the Erle of Saresbyri. Barret, a man of mene landes, dwellith bytwixt Gullant and Lantient pille.

From Lantiant pille to Bloughan pille or creke nere a mile; it crekith up but a litle.

From Bloughan to Lostwithiel scant a mile on the principal streame of Fawey river. It hath ebbid and flowen above Lostwithiel; but now it flowith not ful to the toun. In Lostwithiel is the shir haul of Cornewaul. Therby is also the coynege haul for tynne. The town is privilegid for a borow; and there is wekely a market on Thursday. Richardus Rex Rom. comes Cornubiæ privilegid this town. The paroch chirch is of S. Barptolome. There comithe a broket from west throghe the side of Lostwithiel, and goith est into Fawey ryver, dividinge Penknek from Lostwithiel.

Penknek is yn Lanleverey paroch.

Carteis, a gentleman of almost an 100 mark land, dwellith betwyxt Bloughan and Penknek by Lostwithiel.

The park of Restormel is hard by the north side of the town of Lostwithiel. Tynne workes in this parke. Good woode in this parke. Ther is a castel on an hil in this park, wher sumtymes the Erles of Cornewal lay. The base court is sore defacid. The fair large dungeon yet stondith. A chapel cast out of it, a newer work then it, and now onrofid. A chapel of the Trinite in the park, not far from the castelle.

The castel of Cardinham, a 4. miles or more by north from Lostwithiel. To this castelle longith many knightes services. Arundale of Lanherne. The Lord Souch, Compton and ―――― partith Cairdinham’s landes.

The ryver of Fawey risith in Fawey more about a 2. miles from Camilford by south, in a very wagmore in the side of an hil. Thens to Draynesbridge, of flat more stones. Thens to Clobham bridg, drownid with sand, ij miles and more. Thens to Lergen bridge of 2 or 3 arches, a mile lower. Thens to Newbridg of stone archid, a 2 miles. Thence to Resprin bridge of stone archid, alias Laprin, about 2 miles. Thens to Lostwithiel bridge of five arches, two miles. A litle above Lostwithiel bridge of stone, the ryver of Fawey brekith into 2 armes; wherof at this day the lesse goith to the ston bridge, the bigger to a wodde bridge even again[st] and but a litle way of from the stone bridge; and after a praty way lower the armes cum again to one botom. The great part of Fawey water is by policie turnid from the ston bridg for choking of it, and for to put the sande of from the botom of the toun. The stone bridge, in tyme of memorie of men lyving, was of arches very depe to the sight; the sande is now cum to within a 4 or 5 feete of the very hedde of them. The sande that cummith from tynne workes is a great cause of this, and yn tyme to cum shaul be a sore decay to the hole haven of Fawey. Barges as yet cum with marchanties within half a mile of Lostwithiel.

From Lostwithiel doun along Fawey ryver to S. Winnous, an abbate chirch, a good myle. By the wich chirch of old tyme enhabitid a gentilman, Joannes de S. Winnoco. After the Lordes Hastinges wer owners of it; and then sold to Guiliam Loures gret-grandfather now lyving. This Lower hath to wife one of the 2 daughters of Thomas Treury. By this chirch is a warfe to make shippes by. Much good wood at S. Ginokes, and on the other side of the haven agayn it. From S. Guinows chirch to the point of S. Winows wood, half a mile. Here goith yn a salt crek half a mile on the est side of the haven, and at the hed of it is a bridge caulled Lerine bridge, and the creke berith also the name of Lerine.

At the north side of this Lerine creke, almost at the hedd, is Teuthey, Laurence Courteneis house. It longgid ons to Stonnard, sins to Cayle, and now last to the Courteneis of the house of Devonshir descendinge. From Lerine creke to S. Carac pille or creeke, about half a mile lower on the said est side of the haven; it goith a mile dim. up into the land.

In midle of this creke on the north side was a litle celle of Saint Cyret and Julette, longging to Montegue Priory. From the mouth of S. Carak pille to Poulmorlande pille about a mile. It goith scant a quarter of a mile up into the lande, and at the hedde goith into 2 armes.

From the mouth of Poulmorlande to Bodenek village half a mile, wher the passage is to Fawey, and from ―――― Mr. Mohun hath a maner place, caullid the Haul, on an hil above this village.

From Bodenek to Pelene Point a quarter of a mile, and here enterith a pille or creeke half a mile up into the land.

At the hed of this pille is a chapel of St. Wilow, and by it is a place caullid Lamelin, lately longging to Lamelin, now to Trelauny by heir general. Trelauny’s house is at Meneheneth by Liscard. On the south side of this creke is the paroch church, caullid Lanteglise juxta Fawey, being the paroch chirch of Bodenek and Poulruan. From the mouth of this creke to Poulruan, a good fischar town, a quarter of a mile. And at this Poulruan toun is a tower of force, marching again the tower on Fawey side. Ther was ons, as it is said, a chaine to go over the haven from tower to toure. The haven mouth of Fawey is a 2 bow shottes of.

The very point of land at the est side of the mouth of this haven, is caullid Pontus crosse, vulgo Paunch crosse.

From Lostwithiel to Castledour, now clene doun, 3 good miles by plentiful ground of corn and grasse. Castledour longgid to the Erle of Sarisbyri.

A mile of is a broken crosse thus inscribed, CONOMOR ET FILIUS CUM DOMINA CLUSILLA.

From Pontus Crosse to Poulpirrhe about a six miles, wher is a little fischar toun and a peere, with a very litle creke and a broke. Ther is a crikket betwixt Poulpirrhe and Low. From Poulpirrhe to Low creke dry at half ebbe a 2 miles. On eche side of the entery of this creke is a toun, the one caullid Est Low, the other West Low.

Est Low is a praty market toun. There is a great bridge of a 12 archis over Low creke, to go from the one toun of Low to the other. Good wood about Low creke.

Ther is a maner place caullid Trelaun about this Low creke, sumtyme Bonvilles, now the Marquise of Dorsetes. Salmon taken yn this creke. Kendale and Code, gentilmen, dwelle yn Morel paroche on the est syde of this creke.

From Low creeke to Seton bridge of stone of a 2 archis, and Setoun ryver a 3 miles.

From Seton to Ramehed, about a 9 miles.

From Fawey over the haven to Bodenek, a fischar town, wherby Mr. Mohun hath a manor place.

Thens a 5 miles by very pleasaunt inclosid ground prately wooddid, plentiful of corn and grasse.

Then a 3 miles by mory and hethy ground.

Then 2 miles by hilly and woddy ground to Liscard.

About half a mile or 1 cam to Liskard, I passid in a wood by a chapel of owr Lady, caullid “our Lady in the Park,” wher was wont to be gret pilgrimage. This chapelle of ease longgith to Liskard, and so doth 2 or 3 more.

Liskard stondith on rokky hilles, and is the best market town at this day in Cornwaul, saving Bodmin. In this toun the market is kept on Monday. The paroch chirch is of S. Martin, stondith on an hil, and is a fair large thing. The personage is impropriate to ――――. Ther was a castel on an hille in the toun side, by north from S. Martin. It is now al in ruine. Fragments and peaces of waulles yet stond. The site of it is magnificent and looketh over al the toun. This castelle was the Erles of Cornwaul. It is now usyd somtym for a pound of cattell. This towne knowledgith fredom and privileges by the gift of Richard King of Romanes, and Erle of Cornewaul. Ther is a goodly conduct in the midle of the town very plentiful of water to serve the town.

From Liskard to Fowey 10.

From Liskard to Launstoun 12 miles.

From Liskard to Lostwithiel 10.

From Liskard to Bodmin 10.

From Liskard to Low Market 7.

From Liskard to S. Germanes a 6 miles.

From Liskard to Plymmouth a 12 miles.

Cumming out of Liskarde, about half a mile, I left Cortyder, a goodly lordship and an old maner place, on the right hond; it is a hunderith pounde by the yere. This is now fawllen onto heir-general in partition. Cotyder, and the lordship of Tregelley, now caullid Minheneth lordship, longgid (as Mr. Trelawney told me) to one Heling or Eling. Cotyder cam after hime, therof named Cotyder ―――― had male ―――― and Cotyder, now Beket hath Cotyder self ――――. Corington and another of them had ――――.

From Liskard to Minheneth 2 miles, wher is a fair large old chirch. The personage of it is impropriate to ――――. From Mynhenet to the ruines of Bodulcan’s place a 2 miles. The maner of Minheneth was sumtime caullid Tregelly, wherof the name and sum ruines yet remaine. Trelawney now lyving, is the 4. of that name that hath be lord of Minheneth. Ther was one Sir John Trelawney, sn auncient gentilman, father to the first Trelawney of Minheneth, but be likelihod he had an elder sun; for Trelawney now living hath none of the landes, but it is descendid to heires generales.

Half a mile off, a great brooke, after the course of a 4 miles, resorting to Liner and S. Germanes creke a this side S. Germanes.

Another broket a quarter of a mile beyond, that resortith to the other.

Thens to Natter Bridge of 2 or 3 archis, 4 miles. It stondith on Liner Ryver. This ryver, as far as I could lerne, riseth by north-est up towardes the quarters of Launstoun.

The soile betwixt Minheneth and Natter bridge very good and enclosid, and metely wel woddyd. From Natter bridge to S. Germanes about a 2 miles.

The town of S. Germanes on the side of Liner as I came to this bridge. S. Germanes is but a poore fischar town. The glory of it stoode by the priory. S. Germanes stondith about a 3 miles in Liner creke from the mayne strond of Tamar haven.

From Liner bridge to Asche aboute a 4 miles by much like grounde. Asche is a praty market toun, and is set from the toppe of a rokky hille, as by west to the roote of the same, and very shore of Tamar haven by este. The tounes men use boothe marchandise and fischar. Thir is a chapel of ease in Asche. The paroch chirch is caullid S. Stephan’s, about half a mile off by south, the personage wherof is impropriate to Windesore College.

By S. Stephanes, and in S. Stephanes paroch is the graunt and auncient castelle of Tremertoun, apon a rokky hille, wherof great peaces yet stond, and especially the dungeon. The ruines now serve for a prison. Great libertees long to this castelle. The Valetortes, men of great possession, wer owners, and, as far as I can gather, builders of this castel, and owners and lordes of the toun of Aische.

These crekes I notid on the west side of Tamar. Fyrst, I markid in sight above Asche toun, a 2 miles or more, the principal arme of Tamar haven going up into the land about a 10 miles from that place to Caulstoke bridge, witherto it almost ebbith and flowith. And shippes cum up within a mile of this bridg to a place caullid Morleham. And this place is but a 3 miles from Tavestoke. Tavestoke is countid to be but 10 miles from Asche to go the next way. Betwixt the 2 miles from Asche to the mayne arme of Tamar in sight I markid, descending in the haven, 3 crekes breking out into the land, wherof the first lyith by north-west creking up into the land. The second lyith west-north-west. The 3 plaine west, and this crekid to the land scant half a mile. Scant a mile lower lyith Liner creke, goyng up onto S. Germanes.

The toune of Asch stondith bytween these 2 crekes. Then brekith a litle creke out caullid John’s or Antony. And at the mouth, about S. Nicholas, brekith in a creek goyng up to Milbrok, 2 miles up in land from the mayn haven. This Milbrok is a riche fischar toun.

Penle, a fore land, lyith 3 miles lower from this creke into the ――――. And the promontorie of Ramehed a mile lower.

Morwel, the Abbat of Tavestok house, about a mile from Morleham.

Tamar a litle from Morwelle.

From Tavestok to Greston bridge a 6 miles, and then a 3 miles to Launston.

Tamar a 2 miles and more from Tavestok.

Calstok bridge, or New Bridge, two miles from Milbrok, the first creeke. S. John the next. Liner the 3. The 4 a litle above Aische. The 5 without fail is the maine streame of Tamar.

From Reddon the land lying south-west on S. Nicholas Isle to Cair Grene, wher Tamar turnith west a 6 miles. Tamar, going a mile west, for the most part after goith north.

Creekes from the mouth of Plym and Tamar upon the est side of the haven.――The Mylle bay. The Stone-house creke. Kaine place creke, wher is a maner place of Mr. Wise’s. The creeke ―――― having a mille at the hed, it is in lenght a 2 miles. A 4 mile upper, a creke going up to Mr. Budokes side, wher is his manor place, and S. Budok chirch. Ther dwellith by this creke also Copston of Warley, a man of xx C. markes of lande as it is saide. Then is the uppermost, wher Tave water cummith onto Tamar. And on the est side of this creeke is Bukland. And on the west side is Bere, wher the Lord Brokes house and park was. Bere is a mile from the creke mouthe. Bukland is a two miles from the creke mouthe. The towne of Plymmouth is about a 3 miles from the passage of Asche. The trajectus self at Asch half a mile.

The ground betwixt the Passage and Plymmouth hath good corn but litle wood. Perse Eggecombe had a manor by Ramehed. Perse Eggecombe hath a goodly house in Cornwalle on Tamar at the mouth of Plimmouth haven.

THE MYDDEL PART OF CORNEWALE. (Vol. vii. fol. 117.)

By the ryver of Tamar from the hedde north-north-est yssuyng owt towarde the sowthe, the contery being hilly, ys fertile of corne and gresse, with sum tynne warkes wrougth by violens of water.

Hengiston, beyng a hy hylle and nere Tamar, yn the est part, baryn of his self, yet is fertile by yelding of tynne both be water and dry warkes.

The myddel of Cornewale to the est part hy montaynes, rochel ground, very baren, with sum tynne warkes yn them.

Cornewal thoroughowt from the east part to the west, nerer to the north part then to the sowth, ys hy montaynes baren ground. Fruteful from Launston to Bodman, yn a drye somer good for pasturage for catel, wyth sum tynne werkes.

Looke for Dosmery Poole almost by S. Annes hille.

From Bodman to Redruthe village, nerer to the north se then to the sowth, be by montaynes, baren also, yelding bare pasture and tynne.

From Redruth to Carne Godolghan the contery ys hylly, very baren of gresse, and plenteful of tynne.

From Lanant to S. Juste, alias Justinian, beyng the very west poynt of al Cornewayle, the north part ys montaynes and baren growne, but plenteful of tynne. The very west poynt, as yt is cawled now in Cornysch, ys Penwolase, id est infimum caput.

THE NORTH PART OF CORNEWALE.

Fro Stratton, not very far from the hedde of Tamar, to Padstow, the contery by the north se ys rather hylle then montaynenius, and is very fertile of gras and corne. And the clives of the sayd northe se, betwne the places aforesayd, hath good fyne blew slates, apt for howse kyveryng, and also hath diverse vaynes of leade and other metalles not yet knowen.

Also abowt Camelford ar certen old mynes, wrought yn tymes past, but of what metalle yt ys now onknowen. Withyn a myle above that poore village sowth, runneth the ryver that goyth ynto the Severn Se at Paddistow, and it is the greatest ryver on the north side of Cornewale, and ys cawled yn the commune spech there Dunmere, and yn the Kyngges grawnt of privilege to the Chanons of Bodmynne, and the burgeses of the same towne, Alan, yt may fortune for Alaune. Sum historyes cawl it Cablan. By this ryver Arture fawght his last field, yn token whereof the people fynd there yn plowyng, bones and harneys.

Wythyn iiii. myles of the sayd Camylford, apon the north clif ys Tintagel, the which castel had be lykekod iii. wardes, wherof ii. be woren away with gulfyng yn of the se, insomuch that yt hath made ther almost an isle, and no way ys to enter ynto hyt now but by long elme trees layde for a bryge; so that now withoute the isle rennith alonly a gate howse a walle, and a fals braye dyged and wallid. In the isle remayne old walles, and in the est part of the same, the ground beyng lower, remayneth a walle embateled, and men alyve saw theryn a postern dore of yren. Ther is in the isle a prety chapel, with a tumbe on the left syde. Ther ys also yn the isle a welle, and ny by the same ys a place hewen owt of the stony grownd to the length and brede of a man. Also ther remayneth yn the isle a grownd quadrant-walled as yt were a garden plot. And by this walle appere the ruines of a vault. The ground of this isle now nuryshyth shepe and conys.

Paddistow, a haven towne of one paroch of fysscher men, wher shyppes cum not yn but at the flowyng water. The grownd by the se cost from Paddestow to Saynct Anne’s Hille, wheron ys no maner of buylding, the ground sumwhat hilly ys fruteful of corn and gresse, but with lytle tynne.

In the est part of Paddestow haven be ii ―――― [ro]kketes that ―――― yth se ――――. The est ―――― ys cawled ―――― tyre, and so ys the land that lyeth agaynst yt.

Apon an viii myles from Paddestou ys a lytle howse of canons secular, cawled Crantoke.

Fro Sainct Anne’s Hil to Lanant, a village, the contery by the north se ys sumwhat hilly, sanday, and baren, and yn sundery places of the same, wel replenyshed with tynne.

By Conarton cummith a rywer, cawllid Dour Conor, and goith to the se, not far from Lanant ryver mouth.

From Lanant by the north se to S. Just, alias Justinian, wher ys no thyng but a paroch chirch and divers sparkeled [i. e. scattered] howses at the west poynt of the shore, cawlid ――――.

In the mouth of the ryver that cummyth by Lanant ys the rokket Godryve, wheryn bredith se fowle.

The ground ys but baren, but yt hath yn divers places good tynne warkes.

By al the north se yn Cornewale be sundry crekes, wher as smawle fisshers’ bootes be drawne up to dry land, and yn fayr wether the inhabitans fysche with the same.

At Paddestow Haven, Lanant, and S. Ives, the balinggars and shyppes ar saved and kept for al weders with keyes or peres.

Dosmery Poole, stonding yn the east part of the same, sumwhat toward the sowth, is of lenght by estimation ii. arow shottes, and of bredth one, stonding on a hille, yn the est part of the which poole ys a vale of xiiii. or xv. fadome depe by estimation, and owt of this poole issueth a ryver, the which runnyng by the space of a myle and a dim. ys of ii. fadome deep, and is cawled Depe Hatche. Looke wher he issueth ynto the se.

Also yn the sayd hilly grownd and mooresch be redde deere, the wich when they be schafed take the sayde poole for soyle.

Ther be of the Isles of Scylley CXLVII, that bare gresse (besyde blynd rokkettes) and they be by estimation a xxx myles from the west part of Cornewale. In the byggest isle of the Scylleys, cawled S. Nicholas Isle, ys a litle pyle or fortres, and a paroch chyrche, that a monke of Tavestoke yn peace doth serve as a membre to Tavestoke Abbay. Ther be yn that paroch abowt a lx. howseholdes. Ther is one isle of the Scylleys cawled Rat Isle, yn the which be so many rattes, that yf horse or any other lyving beast be browght thyther they devore hym. Ther is another cawled Bovy Isle. Ther is another cawled Inisschawe, that is to sey the Isle of Elder, by cause it berith stynkkyng elders. There be wild bores or swyne.

From S. Just to Newlin eastward the grownd ys sumwhat hilly and fertyle of gresse, with tynne werkes both weete and dry, without havyn or creeke, savyng yn dyvers places ther remayne capstaynes, lyke engins as shyppes doth way ther ancres by, wherwith they draw ther bootes up to dry land, and fisch but yn fayr wether.

Also yn the sowth-west poynt betwyxt S. Just and Newlyn ys a poynt or a promontory almost envyronid with the se, wheryn ys nothyng but as yt were a hil enclustered with rokkes as yt had bene yn tymes past a castel, (Castel Treuyne) and for the declaration therof there remayne yet toward the land ii. wardes clene fawllen downe, but the stones of them remayne ther very fayre and well quadrated. The ruine of the fortelet yn the poynt ys at thys day a hold irrecuperable for the fox.

Ther lyith betwixt the sowth west and Newlyn a myle or more off the se, S. Buryens, a sanctuary, wherby, as nere to the chyrch, be not above viii. dwellyng howses. Ther longeth to S. Buryens a deane and a few prebendarys, that almost be nether [never?] ther. And S. Buryens ys a iiii. myles fro the very sowth-west poynt.

Newlin ys a poore fischar towne, and hath alonly a key for shippes and bootes, with a lytle socur of land water. Within a arow shoot of the sayd key or pere, lyith directly a lytle low island, with a chapel yn yt. And this lytle islet bereth gresse.

Mowsehole ys a praty fyschar town yn the west part of Montes-bay, lying hard by the shoore, and hath no savegarde for shyppes, but a forced pere. Also yn the bay be est the same towne ys a good roode for shyppes, cawled Gnaves Lake.

Pensants, abowt a myle fro Mowsehole, stonding fast in the shore of Mont-bay, ys the westest market towne of al Cornwayle, and no socur for botes or shyppes, but a forsed pere or key. Ther is but a chapel yn the sayd towne as ys yn Newlyn. For theyr paroche chyrches be more then a myle off.

Marhasdeythyou, [Marketjew,] alias forum Jovis, ys a fischar towne, with a market, and standeth fast apon the shore of the bay, directly agaynst the foote of S. Michael’s Mont northward.

In Marhasdeythyow ys but a poore chapel yn the mydde of the poore town, and a lytle chapel yn the sand nere by the towne toward the Mont. Be the west end of the towne ys a lake, or a rivulus, the hedde wherof risith withyn a myle of Lanant northwordde fro Marhesdeythyou. Betwyxt the hedd of this rivulus and the nerest part of the ryver of Heyle, that cummeth yn to the se at Lanant is not a myle. And the grownd of bred [breadth] betwene the ful se marke at forum Jovis, and the ful se marke of Lanant ryver, is not ii. myles.

The cumpace of the roote of the mont of S. Michael is not dim. myle abowt. The sowth-sowth-est part of the mont is pasturable and breedith conys. The resydue hy and rokky. In the north-north-est ys a garden with certen howses with shoppes for fischar men. The way to the chyrche enteryth at the north syd from half heb to half fludde to the foote of the mont, and so ascendeth by steppes and greces westward, and thens returneth estward to the utter ward of the chyrch. Withyn the sayd ward is a court strongly walled, wheryn on the sowth syde is the chapel of S. Michael, and yn the east syde a chapel of our Lady. The capytaynes and prestes lodginges be yn the sowth syde, and the west of S. Mich. chapel. The Mont is enclosid with the se fro dim. flud to dim. ebbe; otherwyse men may cum to the Mont afoote. Ther be found from the inward part of the ―――― yvers ―――― re stones ―――― wes and ―――― ois v miles ―――― the se. In the bay betwyxt the Mont and Pensants be fownd neere the lowe-water marke rootes of trees yn dyvers places, as a token of the grownde wasted. The cumpace of the bay ys from Lyzart poynt to Newlyn abowt a xx. myles.

Wythyn iii. myles of Lyzart Poynt ys a lytle isle withyn the bay, cawled Inispriuen, and conteyneth ii. acres of grownd, wheryn be byrddes and conies. The ground fro Newlin to Loo Poole by the sowth se ys not very fertile, but hath good tynne workes. Fro the poynt of Lyzart to Hayleford haven the grownd is fertile of corn and gresse by the sowth se. Also wythyn iii. myles of the sowth se betwene Haylford and the est syde of Montes-bay is a wyld moore, cawled Gunhilly, i. e. hilly hethe, wher ys brood of catayle. Also yn the west syde of the poynt of Hayleford haven, and withyn the land of Meneke or Menegland, is a paroch chirch of S. Keveryn, otherwis Piranus; and ther is a sanctuary with x. or xii. dwelling howses, and therby was a sel [cell] of monkes, but now goon home to ther hed hows. The ruines of the monastery yet remenith.

Wythyn ii myles of the hedde of the ful se marke of Heyle ryver ys Heylston, a market town, withyn the which ther is a cowrt for the coynage of tynne kept twys yn the yeer. Yn the town is both a chapel and a paroch, and yet apperith in the town vestigia castelli yn the west part. And a ryver runnyng under the same vestigia of the castel yssueth toward the sowthe see, stopped ther with sowth-est wyndes casting up sandes maketh a poole cawled Loo, of an arow shot yn brede, and a ii. myle in cumpas yn the somer; in the wynter, by reason of fluddes, flowing to Heylston toun; wherby the mylles ner Heylston beyng stopped, men be constrayned to cut the sandy banke betwyxt the mowth of the poole and the se, wherby the water may have yssne, and the mylles grynd, by the which gut so opened, the se floweth and ebbeth yn to the poole, wherby se fysch enteryng with a sowth-est winde ys closed yn the poole, the gut beyng agayn choked and fylled with sand, and so after taken with trowtes and eles drawen yn the same poole.

The cowntery fro Newlyn to Heylston ys meetely fertyle of gresse and corn, and plentuus of tynne by the sowth se. Fro the mowthe of Heylford to Falemuth be water ys iiii. myles.

Falemuth ys a havyn very notable and famose, and yn a maner the most principale of al Britayne; for the chanel of the entre hath be space of ii. myles ynto the land xiiii. fadum of depes, which communely ys caullyd Caryk-rood, by cawse yt ys a sure herboro for the greatest shyppes that travayle be the ocean. At the entre of the haven lyith a blynd roke covered at ful see nerer the west side of the haven then the east, cawled Caregroyne, i. e. Insula vel rupes potius vitulorum marinorum, alias Seeles. Seles when they cast theyr calves, they cum to lond, and lay theyr fœtum in a dry banke, the which they may com to, and ther they suffer theyr fœtum to tary a whyle or they bring hym to the se. In the est syde of the sayde haven entereth a creek flowing by the space of ii. myles ynto land, and ys fed at the hedde with fresche water. Apon the sowthe syde of this creke ys a selle longing to the howse of Plymton, cawled S. Antony’s, having but ii. chanous. On the very north shoore of the sayd creeke towardo the havyn’s mowth ys a poor fischar village, called S. Mausa, alias la Vausa; and nygh to this village toward the same haven ys a fortelet lately buylded by the contery for the defens of the haven. In the west syde of the haven is a creeke that flowith up fro the haven’s mowth ynto the land above iii. myles, at the very hedd of the which standeth a prety town of marchandyse and vytayle market. Withyn the towne ys a colleg wel walled and dyked defensabley cawled S. Thomas, wher be seculer chanons and a provost. Also yn the towne ys a chapel, and a quarter of a myle owt of the town ys the paroch chyrch; also viii. myles and more above the sayd haven’s mowth is a market towne est-north-est, cawled Trureu, wheryn is a mayre, and also coynag for tynne, with a paroch chyrch and a blake freers. Also on the sowth-est syde, at the hedde of the olde ful-se marke of Falemuth, is a market toune xii myles. and more up ynto land, cawled Tregoney, wheryn is an old castel and a paroch chyrch of S. James, standing in a more by the castel, also a ch[apel?] standing yn the myddes of the towne; and at the est end of the town a paroch chyrche.

S. Austol’s, a poore village with a paroche chyrch, is vi. myles east fro Tregoney.

Trewardreth Bay hath at the hedde on the est side a poore village with a paroche chyrch, and a priory yn the same town of Cluny monkes.

From Falemuth to Trewardreth by the sowth se the ground is metely fertyle of corn and gresse, and no tyn werkes from Falemuth to Dudman Foreland.

In the mydde way betwene Falemuth and Dudman is an islet or roke beryng gresse, cawled Grefe, a ii. acres about, but standyng yn the myddes torring upright. Ther bredeth yn the isle se fowle.

Fro Dudman Foreland to Trewardreth, the contre sumwhat baren of gresse and corne, and replenishid with tynne werkes, with vaynes yn the se clyves of coper. From Trewardreth to Fowey town ys ii. myles. Bytwene thes townes by the sowth se ther is plenty of corn and gresse, but no tynne werkes.

The town of Fowey ys a market town, walled defensably to the se cost, and hath gates also. Yn the town is but one chyrche, but the howses of the towne be well buylded of stone and yl enhabited. Also at the entery of the haven on the west syd is a blokke howse and a chapel of S. Catarine, be the same. Also ther is on the same syd a towre with ordenans for defens of the haven.

On the west syde, a ii. myles up yn the haven, ys a fyssher towne cawled Gullant.

At the hedd of the ful se marke of this haven, and a quarter of a mile more, is the toune of Lostwhythyel, havyng a market, and ys the shyre towne of Cornewal. For ther the shyre is kept by the shryfe ons yn the moneth. Also at this town is quynag of tynne twys a yere. And by the shyre hawle appere ruines of auncyent buyldinges. It is evydently knowen that yt hath flowed to Lostwhythiel; but the spuing of the sandes of the tynne werkes hath stoppe yt now. The litle rownd castel of Restormel standith in the kinges parke ny to Lostwithiel. At the est syde of the haven’s mowth of Fowey stondith a towr for the defens therof, and a chapel of S. Savyor a lytle above the same. Ny by the sayd towr standith a fysshar village, cawled Polruan.

A myle beyond Polruen on the est syde of the same haven, stondith a poore fisshar village, caullid Bodennek, Ther is the passage or trajectus to Fowey.

ii. myles above Bodennek ynto the land northward is a creke apon the north syde, wheryn ys a sel of ii. blake monkes of Montegu, and is dedicat to S. Sirice and Julit.

By est the haven of Fowey apon a iiii. myles ys a smawle creke, cawled Poul Pier, and a symple and poore village apon the est syde of the same, of fisshar men, and the bootes ther fishing by, saved by a peere or key.

In the est syde also of this Poul Pyrre, ii. myles of, is another creke cawled Loow, being but a tyde creke. For at low water benethe the bridge a man may both wade and ryde over in the somer. Ther is on eyther side of this smaule creke a smaule fissher villag hard on the se shore, the one cawlled Est and the other West Loow, Est Loowe being a market towne, and yn eyther of them a chapel. Also yn the sayde creekes mouth, neere sumwhat to the sowthe-west, is a lowe isle cauled S. Nicholas Isle, not a quarter of a myle far the mayn shore, and conteyneth a vi. or viii. acres in cumpace, and fedeth shepe and conies, nurishing also broode of se byrdes. Ther is a bridg sumwhat above thes ii. vyllages of x. or xii. stone arches, over the which men passe when the se ys yn.

Fro Fowey haven to Lowe creeke the grownd ny the see syde ys very fertile of corne and gresse, and no tynne werkes.

From Loowe Creke to Tamar ys a xii. myles toward the towne of Plymmuth. Yn the west syde of Tamar, withyn iii. myles of the haven muth of Tamar, is a symple fisshar towne called Mylbrooke. Also apon another creke west of the sayd ryver, and nerer up, is a towne cawled S. Germayns, wherin is now a priori of Blake Chanons, and a paroche chirche yn the body of the same. Beside the hye altare of the same priory on the right hand ys a tumbe in the walle with an image of a bishop; and over the tumbe a xi. bishops paynted with their names and verses as token of so many bishoppes biried there, or that ther had beene so many bishoppes of Cornwalle that had theyr seete theer. And at this day the bishop of Exceter hathe a place cauled Cudden Beke, joyning hard apon the sowth-est side of the same toun.

North-est of S. Germaynes, vi. myles apon the ryver of Tamar, is a market town cawled Asshe. And neere to the same, westward withyn ii. myles, ys a rownd castel of the kinges, cawled Trematon, as a man showld say the secund forteres on Tamar. At the towne of Asshe is a passage or fery of a quarter of a myle over.

Also ii. myles fro Asshe northward ynto the land is a smaul village cawled Caregrin. Est of this is Bere Parke and hous in Devonshire, dividid from Caregrin tantum Tamara.

From Low to Tamar by the sowth se the grownd is fertile of corn and gresse, but withowt tynne warkes.

Launston, otherwys cawlled Lostephan, yn old tyme cawlled Dunevet, stondith ii. myles beyownd Powlston Bridge on Tamar westward. The sayde town Dunevet, otherwise Lawnston, is a walled towne ny yn cumpas a myle, but now ruinus. On the north side of the towne a castel stonding on a hye hille withyn the sayd towne, hath iii. rownde wardes. Part of the castel stonding northwest, ys parcel of the walle of the town. Ther be withyn this town iii. gates and a postern; also a gate to go owt of the castel ynto the old parke. Sum gentelmen of Cornewal hold ther landes by castel-gard, that ys to say for reparation of this castel and towne; and withyn this castel ys a chapel, and a hawle for syses and sessions, for a commune gayle for al Cornwayle is yn this castel. Withyn this towne is a market, a mayre and burgesses, with a chapel of Mary Magdalen to theyr uses.

In a vale at the foote of the hil of the sayde town, abowt an arow shot fro the castel northward, is a priory of chanons regular dedicate to St. Stephan.

North-est, almost half a myle of the sayde priory, is a lytle village apon a hille, and a paroche chirche of S. Stephen yn yt. The opinion is that the chanons first dwelled on this hille, and cam thens downe to a better and a warmer site. In the priory chirche yarde standeth also a paroche chyrche.

The wall of Dunevet ys hy, larg, and strong, and defensably set.

By the north side of the priory runneth a litle ryver.

In Dunevet be ii. conduites of derived water.

[44] Again noticed thus: “Ther lay buryed before the high altare in a high tumbe of a very darkesche gray marble, one Thomas Veviane, Prior of Bodmyn and Suffragane Megarerutis Episcopus. He dyed not long sins,” Vol. iii. fol. 1.

[45] In the margin are the following notes on the Arundells:

“Humfre Arundale, a man of mene landes, brother to old Arundale of Lanheron.

“Humfre Arundale, a man of mene landes, nephew to Arundale.

“Sir John Arundale, sun and heir to Arundale of Lanheron.

“Syr Thomas Arundale, brother to Sir John.

“―――― Arundal, brother to Syr John and Thomas, hath land of his father’s ――――e.

“Arundale, of ―――― in Falmuth haven, cum out of the house of Lanheron. Cariehayes, where Trevagnion now dwellith, was once the Arundalles.”

[46] In the margin are the following notes on the Vivians:

“Vivian’s grandfather was a man of mene land.

“Vivian’s father was a galant Courtier set forth by Somerset Lord Herbert.

“Vivian now being heir, hath sum more land then his father had, and yet he hath scant an hunderith markes by yere.

“This Vivian hath an uncle, a lawier, a man of mene landes.

“The heir of the eldest house of the Vivians is now lord of Tredine Castelle at the southe-west pointe of Cornewal.

“There was found, in hominum memoria, digging for the fox, a brase [pot] ful of Roman mony.”

[47] Market-jew or Marazion.

[48] In a side note “Cenor, and of sum caullid Kenor, ubi pauca vel nulla vestigia.”

[49] That is, fed or supplied: as a fire was fed with betars.

[50] Leland repeats this statement: “Thomas Treury now living made a blocke house on S. Catarine’s Hill bottome.” Hearne’s edit. vol. iii. p. 34, note.

VIII.

DRAYTON’S POLY-OLBION.――CORNWALL.

MICHAEL DRAYTON was born of a gentleman’s family in Warwickshire in the year 1563. His ancestors are said to have migrated from Drayton in Lancashire.

Michael exhibited a strong genius for poetry at an early age. He studied at Oxford, but without taking a degree. In 1588 he appears to have served in a military capacity; as he describes the glorious victory over the Invincible Armada, as seen by himself, from the shore near Dover. He died in 1631, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

Mr. Drayton was a very voluminous writer of Poetry. We have from him――

Heroic Epistles after the model of Ovid. The Barons’ Wars in the Reign of Edward the Second. The Battle of Agincourt. The Shepherd’s Garland. Elegies. The Man in the Moon, the Owl, Odes, and various other small Poems.

But his greatest work is the Poly-Olbion, in twenty Cantos or Songs, of which the first is here given, with the Author’s Notes or Illustrations, as it contains a description of Cornwall, commencing with a Dialogue between St. Michael’s Mount and the Bar of Hayle, which must have passed immediately over Tredrea the Editor’s House.

The singular title of his great work is derived from the Greek Πόλυς many and also very; and Ολβιὸς happy; some neuter substantive understood, perhaps the Latin Regnum; and founded on one of the idle fancies current in the middle ages, which derived Albion (a name of this island) in some way or another from Ολβιὸς.

Michael Drayton commences his national poem with the western point of the Country, and his First Song is as follows:

THE ARGUMENT.

The sprightly Muse her wing displays, And the French islands first surveys; Bears up with Neptune, and in glory Transcends proud Cornwal’s promontory; There crowns Mount-Michael, and descries How all those riverets fall and rise; Then takes in Tamer, as she bounds The Cornish and Devonian grounds. And whilst the Devonshire nymphs relate Their loves, their fortunes, and estate, Dert undertaketh to revive Our Brute, and sings his first arrive: Then northward to the verge she bends, And her first song at Ax she ends.

Of Albion’s glorious isle the wonders whilst I write, The sundry varying soils, the pleasures infinite, (Where heat kills not the cold, nor cold expells the heat, The calms too mildly small, nor winds too roughly great, Nor night doth hinder day, nor day the night doth wrong, The summer not too short, the winter not too long,) What help shall I invoke to aid my muse the while? Thou Genius of the place (this most renowned isle) Which lived’st long before the all-earth-drowning flood, Whilst yet the world did swarm with her gigantic brood, Go thou before me still thy circling shores about, And in this wand’ring maze help to conduct me out: Direct my course so right, as with thy hand to show Which way thy forests range, which way thy rivers flow; Wise Genius, by thy help that so I may descry How thy fair mountains stand, and how thy vallies lie; From those clear pearly cliffs which see the morning’s pride, And check the surly imps of Neptune when they chide, Unto the big-swoln waves in the[51] Iberian stream, Where Titan still unyokes his fiery-hoofed team, And oft his flaming locks in luscious nectar steeps, When from Olympus’ top he plungeth in the deeps: That from[52] th’ Armoric sands, on surging Neptune’s leas, Through the Hibernic gulf (those rough Vergivian seas) My verse with wings of skill may fly a lofty gait, As Amphitrite clips this island fortunate, Till through the sleepy main to[53] Thuly I have gone, And seen the frozen isles, the cold[54] Deucalidon, Amongst whose iron rocks grim Saturn yet remains, Bound in those gloomy caves with adamantine chains. Ye sacred[55] bards, that to your harps’ melodious strings Sung th’ ancient Heroes’ deeds (the monuments of Kings) And in your dreadul verse ingrav’d the prophecies, The aged world’s descents and genealogies; If, as those[56] Druids taught, which kept the British rites, And dwelt in darksome groves, there counselling with sprites (But their opinions fail’d, by error led awry, As since clear truth hath shew’d to their posterity) When these our souls by death our bodies do forsake, They instantly again do other bodies take; I could have wisht your spirits redoubled in my breast, To give my verse applause to time’s eternal rest. Thus scarcely said the Muse, but hovering while she hung Upon the[57] Celtic wastes, the sea-nymphs loudly sung: ‘O ever-happy isles, your heads so high that bear, ‘By nature strongly fenc’d, which never need to fear ‘On Neptune’s watry realms when Eölus raiseth wars, ‘And every billow bounds, as though to quench the stars: ‘Fair Jersey first of these here scatter’d in the deep, ‘Peculiarly that boasts thy double-horned sheep: ‘Inferior nor to thee, thou Guernsey, bravely crown’d ‘With rough-embattled rocks, whose venom-hating ground ‘The hard’ned emeril hath, which thou abroad dost send: ‘Thou Ligon her belov’d, and Serk, that doth attend ‘Her pleasure every hour; as Jethow, them at need, ‘With pheasants, fallow deer, and conies that dost feed: ‘Ye seven small sister isles, and Sorlings, which to see ‘The half-sunk sea-man joys; or whatsoe’er you be, ‘From fruitful Aurney, near the ancient Celtic shore, ‘To Ushant and the Seams, whereas those nuns of yore ‘Gave answers from their caves, and took what shapes they please: ‘Ye happy islands set within the British seas, ‘With shrill and jocund shouts, th’unmeasur’d deeps awake, ‘And let the Gods of sea their secret bowr’s forsake, ‘Whilst our industrious muse Great Britain forth shall bring, ‘Crown’d with those glorious wreaths that beautify the spring; ‘And whilst green Thetis’ nymphs, with many an amorous lay ‘Sing our invention safe unto her long-wisht bay.’ Upon the utmost end of Cornwal’s furrowing beak, Where[58] Bresan from the land the tilting waves doth break; The shore let her transcend, the[59] promont to descry, And view about the point th’ unnumbred fowl that fly; Some rising like a storm from off the troubled sand, Seem in their hov’ring flight to shadow all the land; Some sitting on the beach to prune their painted breasts, As if both earth and air they only did possess; Whence climbing to the cliffs, herself she firmly sets The bourns, the brooks, the becks, the rills, the rivulets, Exactly to derive; receiving in her way That streightned tongue of land, where at Mount-Michael’s bay, Rude Neptune cutting in, a cantle forth doth take; And on the other side, Hayle’s vaster mouth doth make A[60] chersonese thereof, the corner clipping in; Where to th’industrious Muse the Mount doth thus begin: ‘Before thou further pass, and leave this setting shore, ‘Whose towns unto the saints that lived here of yore ‘(Their fasting, works and pray’rs, remaining to our shames) ‘Were rear’d, and justly call’d by their peculiar names, ‘The builders honour still; this due and let them have, ‘As deign to drop a tear upon each holy grave; ‘Whose charity and zeal, instead of knowledge stood: ‘For surely in themselves they were right simply good. ‘If credulous too much, thereby th’ offended heaven, ‘In their devout intents yet be their sins forgiven.’ Then from his rugged top the tears down trickling fell; And in his passion stirr’d, again began to tell Strange things, that in his days time’s course had brought to pass: That forty miles now sea, sometimes firm fore-land was; And that a forest then, which now with him is flood, Whereof he first was call’d the Hoar-rock in the wood; Relating then how long this soil had laid forlorn, As that her Genius now had almost her forsworn, And of their ancient love did utterly repent, Sith to destroy herself that fatal tool she lent, To which th’ insatiate slave her intrails out doth draw, That thrusts his gripple hand into her golden maw; And for his part doth wish, that it were in his pow’r To let the ocean in, her wholly to devour. Which Hayle doth overhear, and much doth blame his rage; And told him (to his teeth) he doated with his age. For Hayle (a lusty nymph, bent all to amorous play, And having quick recourse into the Severn sea, With Neptune’s pages oft disporting in the deep; One never touch’d with care, but how herself to keep In excellent estate) doth thus again intreat; ‘Muse, leave the wayward Mount to his distemper’d heat, ‘Who nothing can produce but what doth taste of spight, ‘I’ll shew thee things of ours most worthy thy delight. ‘Behold our diamonds here, as in the quarrs they stand, ‘By nature neatly cut, as by a skilful hand, ‘Who varieth them in forms, both curiously and oft; ‘Which for she (wanting power) produceth them too soft, ‘That virtue which she could not liberally impart, ‘She striveth to amend by her own proper art. ‘Besides the sea-holm here, that spreadeth all our shore, ‘The sick-consuming man so powerful to restore, ‘Whose root th’ eringo is, the reins that doth inflame, ‘So strongly to perform the Cytheræan game, ‘That generally approv’d both far and near is sought; ‘And our Main-Amber here, and Burien trophy, thought ‘Much wrong’d, nor yet prefer’d for wonders with the rest.’ But the laborious muse, upon her journey prest, Thus uttereth to herself; ‘To guide my course aright, ‘What mound or steddy mere is offered to my sight, ‘Upon this out-strecht arm, whilst sailing here at ease, ‘Betwixt the southern waste, and the Sabrinian seas, ‘I view those wanton brooks, that waxing still do wane; ‘That scarcely can conceive, but brought to bed again; ‘Scarce rising from the spring, (that is their natural mother) ‘To grow into a stream, but buried in another.’ When Chore doth call her on, that wholly doth betake Herself unto the Loo; transform’d into a lake, Through that impatient love she had to entertain The lustful Neptune oft; whom when his wracks restrain, Impatient of the wrong, impetuously he raves: And in his rageful flow, the furious King of waves Breaks foaming o’er the beach, whom nothing seems to cool, Till he have wrought his will on that capacious pool: Where Menedge, by his brooks, a[61] chersonese is cast, Widening the slender shore to ease it in the waste; A promont jutting out into the dropping south, That with his threatning cliffs in horrid Neptune’s mouth, Derides him and his pow’r: nor cares how him he greets. Next Roseland (as his friend, the mightier Menedge) meets Great Neptune when he swells, and rageth at the rocks (Set out into those seas) inforcing through his shocks Those arms of sea that thrust into the tinny strand, By their meandred creeks indenting of that land, Whose fame by every tongue is for her minerals hurl’d, Near from the mid-day’s point, thro’ out the western world. Here Vale a lively flood, her nobler name that gives To[62] Falmouth; and by whom it famous ever lives, Whose entrance is from sea so intricately wound, Her haven angled so about her harb’rous sound, That in her quiet bay a hundred ships may ride, Yet not the tallest mast be of the tall’st descry’d; Her bravery to this nymph when neighbouring rivers told, Her mind to them again she briefly doth unfold: ‘Let[63] Camel of her course and curious windings boast, ‘In that her greatness reigns sole mistress of that coast ‘Twixt Tamer and that bay, where Hayle pours forth her pride, ‘And let us (nobler nymphs) upon the mid-day side ‘Be frolic with the best. Thou Foy, before us all, ‘By thine own named town made famous in thy fall, ‘As Low amongst us here; a most delicious brook, ‘With all our sister nymphs, that to the noonsted look, ‘Which gliding from the hills, upon the tinny ore, ‘Betwixt your high-rear’d banks, resort to this our shore; ‘Lov’d streams, let us exult, and think ourselves no less ‘Than those upon their side, the setting that possess.’ Which Camel over-heard: but what doth she respect Their taunts, her proper course that loosly doth neglect? As frantic, ever since her British Arthur’s blood, By Mordred’s murtherous hand was mingled with her flood. For as that river best might boast that conqueror’s breath, So sadly she bemoans his too untimely death; Who after twelve proud fields against the Saxon fought, Yet back unto her banks by fate was lastly brought: As though no other place on Britain’s spacious earth Were worthy of his end, but where he had his birth: And careless ever since how she her course doth steer, This mutt’reth to herself, in wand’ring here and there: ‘Even in the aged’st face, where beauty once did dwell, ‘And nature (in the least) but seemed to excell, ‘Time cannot make such waste, but something will appear, ‘To shew some little tract of delicacy there, ‘Or some religious work, in building many a day, ‘That this penurious age hath suffer’d to decay; ‘Some limb or model dragg’d out of the ruinous mass, ‘The richness will declare in glory whilst it was: ‘But time upon my waste committed hath such theft, ‘That it of Arthur here scarce memory hath left.’ The Nine-ston’d trophy thus whilst she doth entertain, Proud Tamer swoops along with such a lusty train, As fits so brave a flood, two countries that divides: So to increase her strength, she from her equal sides, Receives their several rills; and of the Cornish kind, First taketh Atre in; and her not much behind Comes Kensey: after whom, clear Enjan in doth make, In Tamer’s roomthier banks, their rest that scarcely take. Then Lyner, tho’ the while aloof she seem’d to keep, Her sovereign when she sees t’ approach the surgeful deep, To beautify her fall, her plenteous tribute brings; This honours Tamer much, that she whose plenteous springs Those proud aspiring hills, Bromwelly and his friend High Rowtor, from their tops impartially commend, And is by[64] Carew’s muse the river most renown’d, Associate should her grace to the Devonian ground, Which in those other brooks doth emulation breed. Of which, first Car comes crown’d with ozier, segs and reed: Then Lid creeps on along, and taking Thrushel, throws Herself amongst the rocks; and so incavern’d goes, That of the blessed light (from other floods) debarr’d, To bellow underneath she only can be heard, As those that view her tract, seems strangely to affright: So Toovy straineth in; and Plym, that claims by right. The christning of that bay, which bears her nobler name. Upon the British coast[65] what ship yet ever came That not of Plymouth hears, where those brave navies lie, From cannons thund’ring throats that all the world defy? Which to invasive spoil, when th’ English list to draw, Have check’d Iberia’s pride, and held her oft in awe. Oft furnishing our dames with India’s rar’st devices, And lent us gold, and pearl, rich silks, and dainty spices. But Tamer takes the place, and all attend her here, A faithful bound to both; and two that be so near For likeliness of soil, and quantity they hold, Before the Roman came; whose people were of old Known by one general name, upon this point that dwell, All other of this isle in wrestling that excell: With collars be they yok’d to prove the arm at length, Like bulls set head to head, with meer deliver strength; Or by the girdles graspt, they practise with the hip, The[66] forward, backward, falx, the mar, the turn, the trip, When stript into their shirts, each other they invade Within a spacious ring, by the beholders made, According to the law. Or when the ball to throw, And drive it to the goal, in squadrons forth they go; And to avoid the troops their forces that fore-lay, Through dikes and rivers make, in this robustious play; By which the toils of war most lively are exprest. But, Muse, may I demand, Why these of all the rest, (As mighty Albion’s eld’st) most active are and strong? From[67] Corin came it first, or from the use so long? Or that this fore-land lies farth’st out into his sight, Which spreads his vigorous flames on every lesser light? With th’ virtue of his beams, this place that doth inspire, Whose pregnant womb prepar’d by his all-powerful fire, Being purely hot and moist, projects that fruitful seed, Which strongly doth beget, and doth as strongly breed: The well-disposed heaven here proving to the earth A husband furthering fruit, a midwife helping birth. But whilst th’ industrious Muse thus labours to relate Those rillets that attend proud Tamer and her state, A neighbourer of this nymph’s, as high in fortune’s grace, And whence calm Tamer trips, clear Towridge in that place Is poured from the spring, and seems at first to flow That way which Tamer strains; but as she great doth grow, Rememb’reth to foresee what rivals she should find To interrupt her course; whose so unsettled mind Ock coming in perceives, and thus doth her perswade: ‘Now Neptune shield, bright nymph, thy beauty should be made ‘The object of her scorn, which (for thou can’st not be ‘Upon the southern side so absolute as she) ‘Will awe thee in thy course. Wherefore, fair flood, recoil, ‘And where thou may’st alone be sov’reign of the soil, ‘There exercise thy pow’r, thy braveries and display: ‘Turn, Towridge, let us back to the Sabrinian sea, ‘Where Thetis’ handmaids still, in that recourseful deep, ‘With those rough Gods of sea continual revels keep; ‘There may’st thou live admir’d, the mistress of the lake.’ Wise Ock she doth obey, returning, and doth take The Taw; which from her fount forc’d on with amorous gales, And eas’ly ambling down through the Devonian dales, Brings with her Moul and Bray, her banks that gently bathe; Which on her dainty breast, in many a silver swathe, She bears unto that bay where Barstaple beholds How her beloved Taw clear Towridge there enfolds. The confluence of these brooks divulg’d in Dertmoor, bred Distrust in her sad breast, that she so largely spread, And in this spacious shire the near’st the center set Of any place of note, that these should bravely get The praise from those that sprung out of her pearly lap: Which, nourish’d and bred up at her most plenteous pap, No sooner taught to dade, but from their mother trip, And in their speedy course strive others to outstrip. The Yalm, the Awn, the Aum, by spacious Dertmoor fed, And in the southern sea b’ing likewise brought to bed; That these were not of power to publish her desert, Much griev’d the ancient Moor; which understood by Dert (From all the other floods that only takes her name, And as her eld’st, in right the heir of all her fame) To shew her nobler spirit it greatly doth behove. ‘Dear mother, from your breast this fear (quoth she) remove; ‘Defy their utmost force; there’s not the proudest flood, ‘That falls betwixt the Mount and Exmore, shall make good ‘Her royalty with mine, with me nor can compare: ‘I challenge any one to answer me that dare; ‘That was, before them all, predestinate to meet ‘My Britain-founding Brute, when with his puissant fleet ‘At Totness first he touch’d; which shall renown my stream, ‘(Which now the envious world doth slander for a dream:) ‘Whose fatal flight from Greece, his fortunate arrive ‘In happy Albion here whilst strongly I revive, ‘Dear Harburn, at thy hands this credit let me win, ‘Quoth she, that as thou hast my faithful handmaid been, ‘So now, my only brook, assist me with thy spring, ‘Whilst of the godlike Brute the story thus I sing. ‘When long-renowned Troy lay spent in hostile fire, ‘And aged Priam’s pomp did with her flames expire, ‘Æneas (taking thence Ascanius, his young son, ‘And his most rev’rend sire, the grave Anchises, won ‘From shoals of slaughtering Greeks) set out from Simois’ shores, ‘And through the Tyrrhene sea, by strength of toiling oars, ‘Raught Italy at last; where King Latinus lent ‘Safe harbour for his ships, with wrackful tempests rent: ‘When in the Latin court, Lavinia young and fair, ‘Her father’s only child, and kingdom’s only heir, ‘Upon the Trojan Lord her liking strongly plac’d, ‘And languish’d in the fires that her fair breast embrac’d: ‘But Turnus (at that time) the proud Rutulian King, ‘A suitor to the maid, Æneas malicing, ‘By force of arms attempts his rival to extrude: ‘But by the Teucrian power courageously subdu’d, ‘Bright Cytheræa’s son the Latin crown obtain’d; ‘And dying, in his stead his son Ascanius reign’d. ‘Next Sylvius him succeeds, begetting Brute again: ‘Who in his mother’s womb whilst yet he did remain, ‘The oracles gave out, that next-born Brute should be ‘His parents’ only death: which soon they liv’d to see. ‘For, in his painful birth his mother did depart; ‘And ere his fifteenth year, in hunting of a hart, ‘He with a luckless shaft his hapless father slew: ‘For which, out of his throne their King the Latines threw. ‘Who wand’ring in the world, to Greece at last doth get, ‘Where whilst he liv’d unknown, and oft with want beset, ‘He of the race of Troy a remnant hapt to find, ‘There by the Grecians held; which (having still in mind ‘Their tedious ten years’ war, and famous heroes slain) ‘In slavery with them still those Trojans did detain; ‘Which Pyrrhus thither brought, and did with hate pursue, ‘To wreak Achilles’ death, at Troy whom Paris slew, ‘There by Pandrasus kept in sad and servile awe: ‘Who when they knew young Brute, and that brave shape they saw, ‘They humbly him desire, that he a mean would be, ‘From those imperious Greeks his countrymen to free. ‘He, finding out a rare and sprightly youth, to fit ‘His humour every way, for courage, power, and wit, ‘Assaracus, (who though that by his sire he were ‘A Prince among the Greeks, yet held the Trojans dear; ‘Descended of their stock upon the mother’s side, ‘For which he by the Greeks his birth-right was deny’d) ‘Impatient of his wrongs, with him brave Brute arose, ‘And of the Trojan youth courageous captains chose, ‘Rais’d earth-quakes with their drums, the ruffling ensigns rear, ‘And gath’ring young and old that rightly Trojan were, ‘Up to the mountains march, thro’ straits and forests strong: ‘Where taking-in the towns pretended to belong ‘Unto that[68] Grecian Lord, some forces there they put: ‘Within whose safer walls their wives and children shut, ‘Into the fields they drew, for liberty to stand. ‘Which when Pandrasus heard, he sent his strict command ‘To levy all the power he presently could make: ‘So to their strengths of war the Trojans them betake. ‘But whilst the Grecian guides (not knowing how or where ‘The Teucrians were intrench’d, or what their forces were) ‘In foul disorder’d troops yet straggled, as secure, ‘This loosenees to their spoil the Trojans did allure, ‘Who fiercely them assail’d: where staunchless fury rap’d ‘(The Grecians in so fast, that scarcely one escap’d; ‘Yea, proud Pandrasus’ flight himself could hardly free. ‘Who, when he saw his force thus frustrated to be, ‘And by his present loss his passed error found, ‘As by a later war to cure a former wound, ‘Doth reinforce his power, to make a second fight; ‘When they, whose better wits had over-matcht his might, ‘Loth what they got to lose, as politicly cast ‘His armies to intrap, in getting to them fast ‘Antigonus as friend, and Anaclet his peer ‘(Surpriz’d in the last fight) by gifts who hired were ‘Into the Grecian camp th’ insuing night to go, ‘And feign they were stol’n forth, to their allies to show ‘How they might have the spoil of all the Trojan pride; ‘And gaining them belief, the credulous Grecians guide ‘Into th’ ambushment near, that secretly was laid: ‘So to the Trojans hands the Grecians were betray’d; ‘Pandrasus self surpriz’d; his crown who to redeem ‘(Which scarcely worth their wrong the Trojan race esteem) ‘Their slavery long sustain’d did willingly release: ‘And (for a lasting league of amity and peace) ‘Bright Innogen, his child, for wife to Brutus gave, ‘(And furnisht them a fleet, with all things they could crave ‘To set them out to sea. Who launching at the last ‘They on Lergecia light, an isle; and, ere they past, ‘Unto a temple built to great Diana there, ‘The noble Brutus went; wise[69] Trivia to enquire, ‘To shew them where the stock of ancient Troy to place. ‘The Goddess, that both knew and lov’d the Trojan race, ‘Reveal’d to him in dreams, that farthest to the West, ‘He should descry the isle of Albion highly blest; ‘With giants lately stor’d; their numbers now decay’d: ‘By vanquishing the rest, his hopes should there be staid: ‘Where from the stock of Troy, those puissant Kings should rise, ‘Whose conquests from the West, the world should scant suffice. ‘Thus answer’d; great with hope, to sea they put again, ‘And safely under sail, the hours do entertain ‘With sights of sundry shores, which they from far descry: ‘And viewing with delight th’ Azarian mountains high, ‘One walking on the deck, unto his friend would say ‘(As I have heard some tell) so goodly Ida lay. ‘Thus talking ’mongst themselves, they sun-burnt Afric keep ‘Upon the leeward still and (sulking up the deep) ‘For Mauritania make: where putting-in, they find ‘A remnant (yet reserv’d) of th’ ancient Dardan kind, ‘By brave Antenor brought from out the Greekish spoils ‘(O long renowned Troy! of thee and of thy toils, ‘What country had not heard?) which to their General then ‘Great Corineus had, the strong’st of mortal men: ‘To whom (with joyful hearts) Diana’s will they show. ‘Who eas’ly being won along with them to go, ‘They all together put into the watry plain: ‘Oft times with pirates, oft with monsters of the main ‘Distressed in their way; whom hope forbids to fear. ‘Those Pillars first they pass which Jove’s great son did rear, ‘And cuffing those stern waves which like huge mountains roll ‘(Full joy in every part possessing every soul) ‘In Aquitain at last the Ilion race arrive; ‘Whom strongly to repulse when as those recreants strive, ‘They (anchoring there at first but to refresh their fleet, ‘Yet saw those savage men so rudely them to greet) ‘Unshipt their warlike youth, advancing to the shore. ‘The dwellers, which perceiv’d such danger at the door, ‘Their King Groffarius get to raise his powerful force: ‘Who must’ring up an host of mingled foot and horse, ‘Upon the Trojans set; when suddenly began ‘A fierce and dangerous fight; where Corineus ran ‘With slaughter thro’ the thick-set squadrons of the foes, ‘And with his armed ax laid on such deadly blows, ‘That heaps of lifeless trunks each passage stopt up quite. ‘Groffarius, having lost the honour of the fight, ‘Repairs his ruin’d powers; not so to give them breath: ‘When they, which must be freed by conquest or by death, ‘And conquering them before, hop’d now to do no less ‘(The like in courage still) stand for the like success. ‘Then stern and deadly war put on his horrid shape; ‘And wounds appear’d so wide, as if the grave did gape ‘To swallow both at once; which strove as both shall fall, ‘When they with slaughter seem’d to be encircled all: ‘Where Turon (of the rest) Brute’s sister’s valiant son ‘(By whose approved deeds that day was chiefly won) ‘Six hundred slew outright through his peculiar strength: ‘By multitudes of men yet over-prest at length, ‘His nobler uncle there, to his immortal name, ‘The city Turon built, and well endowed the same. ‘For Albion sailing then, th’ arrived quickly here ‘(O! never in this world men half so joyful were, ‘With shouts heard up to heaven, when they beheld the land!) ‘And in this very place where Totness now doth stand, ‘First set their Gods of Troy, kissing the blessed shore; ‘Then foraging this isle, long promis’d them before, ‘Amongst the ragged cliffs those monstrous giants fought, ‘Who (of their dreadful kind) t’ appall the Trojans brought, ‘Great Gogmagog, an oak that by the roots could tear: ‘So mighty were (that time) the men who lived there: ‘But, for the use of arms he did not understand ‘(Except from rock or tree, that coming next to hand ‘He raz’d out of the earth to execute his rage,) ‘He challenge makes for strength, and offereth there his gage. ‘Which Corin taketh up, to answer by and by, ‘Upon this son of earth his utmost power to try. ‘All doubtful to which part the victory would go, ‘Upon that lofty place at Plimmouth call’d the Hoe, ‘Those mighty wrestlers met;[70] with many an ireful look ‘Who threatned, as the one hold of the other took: ‘But, grappled, glowing fire shines in their sparkling eyes, ‘And, whilst at length of arm one from the other lies, ‘Their lusty sinews swell like cables, as they strive: ‘Their feet such trampling make, as tho’ they forc’d to drive ‘A thunder out of earth, which stagger’d with the weight: ‘Thus, either’s utmost force urg’d to the greatest height, ‘Whilst one upon his hip the other seeks to lift, ‘And th’ adverse (by a turn) doth from his cunning shift, ‘Their short-fetcht troubled breath a hollow noise doth make ‘Like bellows of a forge. Then Corin up doth take ‘The giant ’twixt the grains; and voiding of his hold ‘(Before his cumbrous feet he well recover could) ‘Pitcht headlong from the hill; as when a man doth throw ‘An axtree, that with slight deliver’d from the toe ‘Roots up the yielding earth; so that his violent fall ‘Strook Neptune with such strength, as shoulder’d him withal; ‘That where the monstrous waves like mountains late did stand, ‘They leapt out of the place, and left the bared sand ‘To gaze upon wide heaven: so great a blow it gave. ‘For which, the conquering Brute on Corineus brave ‘This horn of land bestow’d, and markt it with his name ‘Of Corin, Cornwal call’d to his immortal fame.’ Clear Dert delivering thus the famous Brute’s arrive, Inflam’d with her report, the straggling rivulets strive So highly her to raise, that Ting (whose banks were blest By her beloved nymph dear Leman) which addrest And fully with herself determined before To sing the Danish spoils committed on her shore, When hither from the east they came in mighty swarms, Nor could their native earth contain their numerous arms, Their surcrease grew so great, as forced them at last To seek another soil, as bees do when they cast; And by their impious pride how hard she was bested, When all the country swam with blood of Saxons shed: This river, as I said, which had determin’d long The Deluge of the Danes exactly to have song, It utterly neglects; and studying how to do The Dert those high respects belonging her unto, Inviteth goodly Ex, who from her full-fed spring Her little Barlee hath, and Dunsbrook her to bring From Exmore; when she hath scarcely found her course, Than Creddy cometh in, and Forto, which inforce Her faster to her fall; as Ken her closely clips, And on her eastern side sweet Leman gently slips Into her widen’d banks, her Sovereign to assist; As Columb wins for Ex clear Wever and the Clist, Contributing their streams their mistress’ fame to raise. As all assist the Ex, so Ex consumeth these; Like some unthrifty youth, depending on the court, To win an idle name, that keeps a needless port; And raising his old rent, exacts his farmers’ store The landlord to enrich, the tenants wond’rous poor: Who having lent him theirs, he then consumes his own, That with most vain expense upon the Prince is thrown: So these, the lesser brooks, unto the greater pay; The greater, they again spend all upon the sea: As, Otrey (that her name doth of the otters take, Abounding in her banks,) and Ax, their utmost make To aid stout Dert, that dar’d Brute’s story to revive. For when the Saxon first the Britons forth did drive, Some up into the hills themselves o’er Severn shut: Upon this point of land for refuge others put, To that brave race of Brute still fortunate. For where Great Brute first disembark’d his wand’ring Trojans, there His offspring (after long expulst the inner land, When they the Saxon power no longer could withstand) Found refuge in their flight; where Ax and Otrey first Gave these poor souls to drink, opprest with grievous thirst. Here I’ll unyoke awhile, and turn my steeds to meat: The land grows large and wide: my team begins to sweat.

NOTES.

From which he first was call’d the Hoar-rock in the wood.

That the ocean (as in many other places of other countries) hath eaten up much of what was here once shore, is a common report, approved in the Cornish name of St. Michael’s mount; which is Careg Cowz in Clowz, i. e. the Hoar-rock in the wood.[71]

And our Main-amber here, and Burien trophy――――

Main-amber, i. e. Ambrose’s stone (not far from Pensans) so great, that many men’s united strength cannot remove it, yet with one finger you may wag it. The Burien trophy is 19 stones, circularly disposed, and, in the middle, one much exceeding the rest in greatness: by conjecture of most learned Camden, erected either under the Romans, or else by King Athelstan in his conquest of these parts.

Were worthy of his end, but where he had his birth.

Near Camel about Camblan, was[72] Arthur slain by Mordred, and on the same shore, east from the river’s mouth, born in Tintagel castle. Gorlois Prince of Cornwal, at Uther-Pendragon’s coronation, solemnized in London, upon divers too kind passages and lascivious regards twixt the King and his wife Igerne, grew very jealous, in a rage left the court, committed his wife’s chastity to this castle’s safeguard; and to prevent the wasting of his country, (which upon this discontent was threatned) betook himself in other forts to martial preparation. Uther (his blood boiling in lust) upon advice of Ulfin Rhicaradoch, one of his Knights, by Ambrose Merlin’s magic personated like Gorlois, and Ulfin like one Jordan, servant to Gorlois, made such successful use of their imposture, that (the Prince in the mean time slain) Arthur was the same night begotten, and verified that[73] Νόθοι τε πολλοὶ γνησίων ἀμείνονες. altho’ Merlin by the rule of Hermes, or astrological direction, justified that he was conceived three hours after Gorlois’ death; by this shift answering the dangerous imputation of bastardy to the heir of a crown. For Uther taking Igern to wife, left Arthur his successor in the Kingdom. Here have you a Jupiter, an Alcmena, an Amphitryo, a Sosias, and a Mercury; nor wants there scarce any thing, but that truth-passing reports of Poetical bards have made the birth an Hercules.

Known by one general name upon this point that dwell.

The name of Dumnonii, Damnonii, or Danmonii, in Solinus and Ptolemy, comprehended the people of Devonshire and Cornwal; whence the Lizard promontory is called Damnium in[74] Marcian Heracleotes; and William of Malmesbury, Florence of Worcester, Roger of Hoveden and others, stile Devonshire by name of Domnonia, perhaps all from Duff neint, i. e. low valleys in British; wherein are most habitations of the countrey, as judicious Camden teaches me.

Or that this foreland lies furth’st out into his sight, Which spreads his vigorous flames――――

Fuller report of the excellence in wrestling and nimbleness of body, wherewith this western people have been and are famous, you may find in Carew’s description of his country. But to give reason of the climate’s nature for this prerogative in them, I think as difficult as to shew why about the Magellanic streights they are so white, about the Cape de Buon Speranza so black,[75] yet both under the same tropic; why the Abyssins are but tawny moors, when as in the East-Indian isles, Zeilan and Malabar, they are very black, both in the same parallel; or why we that live in this Northern latitude, compared with the Southern, should not be like affected from like cause. I refer it no more to the Sun, than the special horsemanship in our Northern men, the nimble ability of the Irish, the fiery motions of the French, Italian jealousy, German liberty, Spanish puft-up vanity, or those different and perpetual carriages of state-government, Haste and Delay, which, as[76] inbred qualities, were remarkable in the two most martial people of Greece. The cause of Æthiopian blackness and curled hair was long since judiciously[77] fetcht from the disposition of soil, air, water, and singular operations of the heavens; with confutation of those which attribute it to the Sun’s distance. And I am resolved that every land hath its so singular self-nature, and individual habitude with celestial influence, that human knowledge, consisting most of all in universality, is not yet furnish’d with what is requisite to so particular discovery. But for the learning of this point in a special treatise Hippocrates, Ptolemy, Bodin, and others have copious disputes.

Of Corin Cornwal call’d, to his immortal fame.

So, if you believe the tale of Corin and Gogmagog: but rather imagine the name of Cornwall from this promontory of the Land’s End, extending itself like a[78] horn, which in most tongues is Corn, or very near. Thus was a[79] promontory in Cyprus called Cerastes, and in the now Candy or Crete, and Gazaria (the old Taurica Chersonesus) another titled[80] Κρίου μέτωπον: and Brundusium in Italy had name from Brendon or[81] Brention, i. e. a Hart’s-head, in the Messapian tongue, for similitude of horns. But[82] Malmesbury thus: “They are called Cornwalshmen, because being seated in the western part of Britain, they lie overagainst a horn (a promontory) of Gaul.” The whole name is as if you should say Corn-wales; for hither in the Saxon conquest the British called Welsh (signifying the people rather than strangers, as the vulgar opinion wills) made transmigration: whereof an old[83] rhimer:

The vewe that wer of hom bileved, as in Cornwaile and Wailes, Brutons ner namore ycluped, ac Waleys ywis.

Such was the language of your fathers between three and four hundred years since.

[51] The western or Spanish ocean.

[52] Bretagny coasts.

[53] The farthest isle in the British ocean.

[54] The sea upon the north of Scotland.

[55] The old British poets.

[56] Priests among the ancient Britons.

[57] The French seas.

[58] A small island upon the very point of Cornwall.

[59] A hill lying out as an elbow of land into the sea.

[60] A place almost surrounded by the sea.

[61] A place almost surrounded by the sea.

[62] The bravery of Falmouth haven.

[63] This is also called Alan.

[64] A worthy gentleman who wrote the Description of Cornwall.

[65] The praise of Plymouth.

[66] Terms of art in wrestling.

[67] Our first great wrestler, arriving here with Brute.

[68] Assaracus.

[69] One of the titles of Diana.

[70] Description of the wrestling betwixt Corineus and Gogmagog.

[71] Carew de Scrip. Corn. lib. 2.

[72] Dictus hinc in Merlini vaticinio, Aper Cornubiæ.

[73] Euripid. Andromach. Bastards are often times better than legitimates.

[74] Τὸ δάμνιον ἅκρον.

[75] Ortelius theatro.

[76] Thucydid. α et passim de Athen. et Lacedæm. et de Thæbis, et Chalcide. Vide Columell. i. de re rustic, cap. 4.

[77] Onesicrit. ap. Strabon. lib. ιε.

[78] Cornugallia dicta est H. Huntingdonio, aliis.

[79] Strabo lib. ζ. and ι. Stephan. Melan. Plin. Georg. passim.

[80] Ram’s-head.

[81] Seleucus apud Stephan. Βρεντησ. and Suidas in Βρενδ.

[82] De gest. reg. 2. c. 6.

[83] Robertus Glocestrens.

IX.

CORNISH NAMES.

(Communicated by T. Hingston, Esq. M.D.)

It is commonly understood, that those places in Cornwall, which have the word San or Saint as the antecedent component of their names, are so denominated after some martyr or confessor of early times. This is a very obvious and indisputable fact. But it is by no means certain, that in every instance of the kind, the saint conferred his name on the place: for in many cases, the converse seems to have been practised; and contrary to what is generally imagined, I believe that the place bestowed its name on the saint. Thus, for example, in St. Stephen, and St. Allan, two saints are equally commemorated; but Stephen, by his own name, which he possessed independently of accidental circumstances; and Allan, by a name, superseding that which he had received at his baptism, and subsequently derived from the place of his retirement.

The want of this distinction has occasioned unspeakable labour and perplexity in the investigation of Cornish antiquities. Books and documents have been examined, and enquiries made in vain, after names, of which no record exists; and which, even in their own day, were scarcely known beyond the narrow district, in which they were venerated. In some instances, indeed, the objects of such researches might have been illustrious before their retirement; but if, in that case, their acts and sufferings were chronicled, the history was in effect abolished, when their identity was lost in the assumption of a new name.

Thus many of our early saints took refuge here, from the persecutions, to which the Christian faith was exposed in Ireland; and their history has been chiefly sought in the hagiographies of that country. But the greater number of them, on coming into Cornwall, complied with this custom, common, indeed, with all men at that time, of changing the name with the residence; and accordingly, instead of that, by which they had been formerly known, and might have been recorded, they adopted or received another, as choice or accident determined their settlement. Hence we have St. Hy, or St. Iä, the Island-saint; St. Uny, (or perhaps more correctly St. Unan) the Down-saint; St. Dennis, the Hill-saint; St. Allan, the Moor-saint.

But not only have these, and similar appellations, been erroneously regarded as the baptismal and proper names of the saints, whom they commemorate; but the accidental corruption of some of them has led to still greater mistakes; and from the mere coincidence of sound, the saint whose memory was to be preserved, has been identified with some other person, for whom that honour could not have been intended. Thus the town of St. I’s, or with the genitive at full length, as it was commonly written, St. Ies, has for many generations been called St. Ives, though the correct form was frequently used till the close of the seventeenth century. In consequence of this corruption, the place has been said to have derived its name from some bishop Ivo, either the Persian, who gave his name to St. Ives, in Huntingdonshire, or the celebrated Ivo, bishop of Chartres. But St. I was a female from Ireland.

The case of St. Dennis seems to be of the same kind; though in that instance the error is not owing to a corruption of the name, but to the similarity of the sound. St. Dennis signifies the Saint on the Hill, or more strictly, the Hill-saint; and the church stands at this day on the summit of a hill. But the good man, who lived there, has been considered the same person as St. Dionysius, or St. Dennis, the areopagite.

I cannot help suspecting, that some error of this sort has occurred in the case of Paul-parish near Penzance, which is reported to have taken its name from St. Paul de Leon. Now that portion of the Mount’s bay, by which this parish is bounded on the east, is called The Lake; and this lake, which might have been correctly so denominated in ancient times, is at the foot of the hill, on which the present church stands; and it is, therefore, probable that some man of eminent piety once resided near it. In that case, he was called the Lake-saint, which rendered into Cornish, becomes St. Pol. For this reason, I believe that the common account is wholly untrue; and that, as in many other instances, the name of the saint, and through him, of the parish, originated entirely in a local accident.

I may state here, that some parishes have a popular name, arising not unfrequently from very trifling circumstances; and this name has, in some cases, entirely superseded the more legitimate denomination, under which the church was consecrated and registered. Thus, to give one example, the parish at the Lizard is called Landuwednac, which signifies the Black-and-white-church. This appellation was suggested by the peculiar appearance of the church and tower, which are built of black and white stones, arranged alternately, in the manner of a chessboard.

Amongst the names of our Cornish towns, there are three remarkable above the rest for having been very diligently examined, and very little understood. Upon these it may be proper to make a few observations.

Of Truro Tonkin says, that ‘it is so called from its three principal streets; for Tri, three, and Ru, a street, have been turned to Truro merely euphoniæ gratia.’ Tonkin ought to have suspected, that Tri, occurring as the first syllable in the name of a town, was not likely to mean three, because Tri or Tre signifies a dwelling place, or an assemblage of dwellings, and therefore, a town. He might have supposed too, that the place was called Truro, before its three principal streets were built, or designed; since it does not appear to have ever had any other name, and we cannot believe, that it was so denominated by anticipation. For in those rude times, towns were not commonly laid out upon a definite plan: but the houses were erected according to the taste or convenience of the builders; and the streets seem to have been formed, almost as accident might determine.

But Whitaker says, that Tonkin’s etymology, which was adopted from Camden, is altogether absurd; and he consequently undertakes to find a better. For this purpose he assumes, that Truro takes its name from its castle. Now he imagines, that the castle was denominated Trevereu, and that the name was subsequently familiarized to Treuro. In that way, he thinks, the etymon at once presents itself; and we are accordingly informed, that Truro signifies the castle on the Uro. This, however, is to take a course the reverse of that pursued by etymologists in general: for they seek the meaning of a word in its primitive form, but Mr. Whitaker in its corruption. There is also another objection, which may be considered equally conclusive; for, as Mr. Polwhele says, we have no such river in Cornwall as the Uro.

Mr. Polwhele himself has proposed a third explanation, which, however ingenious, I think equally unsatisfactory. He suggests, that Truro may be a town of Roman origin; and that the name is a corruption of Trevorou, the town-on-the-ways. But if it were so, we should not be wholly without any evidence of the fact. Proof would be found in some obscure tradition, some historical record, or some local circumstance; and the name itself, upon which alone this opinion is grounded, would be more completely consistent with it. When the Romans founded a town, it was not their custom to give it a name exhibiting no trace of their own language; but Trúro is unquestionably Cornish; and besides that, as persons skilled in such matters would easily see, it is no very natural corruption of Trevórou. Polwh. Hist. of Cornwall, vol. I, p. 189; vol. II, p. 215.

Yet that it is a corruption, is certain. In the charter granted by Reginald Fitzroy, in the reign of Henry II. the name of the town is written Trivereu. It is of this word, therefore, that Truro is a corruption; and if we can determine its signification, we shall ascertain the etymon of Truro. Now nothing can be better known, than that Rivereu, or Riverô, in the ancient language of this county, had the same meaning as the kindred word rivers, in English: and with regard to the initial T, it can be scarcely necessary to say, that it stands for Tre, or its archaic form Te, a town. The word, therefore, in the primitive and proper mode of writing it, is Trerivero; and consequently, the name as it appears in Reginald’s charter, is itself an example of that liability to change, by which the same word was subsequently converted to Truro. But the alteration in that case was so slight, that the composition of the word was scarcely obscured; and so natural, that its corruption could not have been prevented. For it was hardly possible in common speech to avoid the elision, which turns Trerívero into Trívero; as this again has been contracted to Trúro. The word Truro, then, signifies the Town-on-the-rivers, or as we should now say, Riverton. And this interpretation is illustrated and confirmed by the local peculiarities: for the town is intersected by two rivers, which originally were its boundaries――the Cenion on the south, and the Allan on the east.

With respect to Marazion or Marketjew, I need not examine what has been said about Sion, Jerusalem, and the Jews; for it is wholly unfounded and absurd. Marghas, or in its softer form Maras, signifies a market, and Iän, of or belonging to an island. Hence Marasían means the Island-market. This name is derived from St. Michael’s Mount, which is in fact an island; and to its monastery the market belonged. Marghasjew, as it is called in Elizabeth’s charter, or as we now speak, Marketjew, signifies Thursday-market: the charter, by which the privilege of a market was granted to the monks by Robert, earl of Cornwall, having appointed it to be kept on the fifth day of the week. In Domesday the town is called Tremarastol, which signifies the Market-town-of-the-monastery. These three names, therefore, mutually explain one another; and their signification is confirmed by the historical facts.

Penzance is said to signify “the Saint’s head, or rather the Head of the bay.” Polwh. Hist. of Cornwall, vol. ii. p. 39. I believe that Mr. Polwhele quotes this from Tonkin. But did Tonkin himself expect that his readers would be satisfied with an etymology so indeterminate and contradictory? Yet this is the usual mode of explaining Cornish words. Camden says, that Penzance, or as he more correctly spells it, Pensans, means the Head of the sands. But Whitaker declares this to be unworthy of Camden; and he therefore gives us an improved interpretation of his own. For this purpose he reads Tonkin backwards; and as that writer renders Pensans the Head of the bay, Whitaker asserts it to be the Bay of the Head! And this is unworthy of Whitaker. He says, the phrase is equivalent to Mount’s bay. But it was never imagined before, that the Cornish word Pen could signify such an object as St. Michael’s Mount; and still less can it be supposed that a town would be denominated a Bay. Yet the real signification of Pensans lay at his feet; for nothing can be more obvious and easy. The name is derived both from the little chapel of St. Anthony, which he himself describes, and from the point of land, on which that chapel stood. For there the town took its beginning; and there, of course, it found a name――that of the place which it occupied. Now a point of land was in Cornish called Pen; and when it chanced to be distinguished by the erection of a chapel, it would naturally be denominated sacred or holy, which was expressed by the word san, or if it was a terminal syllable, sans. Hence Pensans signifies Holy-head; and in allusion to this, John the Baptist’s head is in the town-arms.

But Mr. Whitaker would not have committed this error, if he had been heedful of a principle, observed in the composition of Cornish words, which can never be safely overlooked, in any attempt to investigate their meaning. The ancient names of places in Cornwall mostly consist of two substantive nouns, one of which has the force of an adjective, and qualifies the other: as Penrose, Penpraze, Polwhele. The component parts of such words have always been treated as if they had been associated by caprice, or accident; and the same elements have been represented as adjectives or substantives indifferently, according to the fancy or convenience of the interpreter.

But in truth, the ingredients of all these compounds are combined and distinguished by a settled rule. It is generally supposed, that in all instances the word used substantively precedes that which is employed adjectively. In many cases, however, it does not: and as, therefore, the qualifying noun cannot with certainty be discovered by its position, they who suppose it to occupy uniformly the second place, can be right only by chance; and we are consequently to look for some other mark, by which it may be easily and invariably known. That mark is the accent. Thus we say Pensáns: and so, if we admit, what Mr. Whitaker supposes, that Pen may signify a hill, and sans a bay, the word in that case would mean the Bay-hill, and not as he says, the Hill-bay.

But as this accent lives only in common speech, and the peculiarities of the English manner have already considerably disturbed it, those who have occasion to write any Cornish words, and especially the cultivators of our history and antiquities, should always mark the accented syllable: for there is no other way of making this rule of interpretation available; and of preventing perplexities for the time to come, still greater than those, which have already existed. But besides the natural and inevitable tendency of the predominant English to change the pronunciation of Cornish words, there is a kind of whim or fashion amongst some, who know nothing of these things, by which the corruption is wilfully hastened; and while they confidently say Pénrose, Pénprase, and Nánkivel, they presume to correct those, who with more knowledge or less affectation, are accustomed to speak otherwise.

X.

TANNER’S NOTITIA MONASTICA FOR CORNWALL, FROM NASMITH’S EDITION, FOLIO, 1787, WITH ADDITIONS.

(For these additions I am indebted to Sir Henry Ellis, F.R.S. Sec. S.A. one of the Editors of the New Edition of Dugdale’s Monasticon. EDIT.)

I. ST. ANTONY, or Antonine.

In this county were two priories of this name, which are often confounded by some of our writers.

1. BENEDICTINE CELL. One was a cell of Black monks of Angiers, belonging to Trewardreth priory[84], and being mentioned in Gervase of Canterbury’s catalogue must be as early as K. Richard I.st’s time. The rectory here, as parcel of the possessions of Tywardreith, was granted, 6 Eliz. to William and John Killigrew.

2. AUSTIN CELL. The other, St. Anthony’s near St. Mawes, was a small priory of two Austin canons subordinate to Plimpton[85], and as parcel of the same was granted, 38 Hen. 8. to Thomas Goodwin.

II. ST. BENNETT’S, in the parish of Lanivet.

NUNNERY. The tower whereof is yet standing.[86]

III. ST. BLAISE near Fowey, in the deanry of Poudre.

ALMSHOUSE. An old almshouse.[87]

IV. BODMIN, olim Bosmanna.[88]

1. AUSTIN CANONS. The body of St. Petroc being removed[89] to this place, there was a church built to his memory, and the episcopal see for Cornwall was therein placed by K. Edward the elder and archbishop Plegmund, A.D. 905.[90] Here K. Æthelstan is reported to have met with old Saxon, or rather British, monks following the rule of St. Benedict, to whom he granted so great privileges and endowments, that he is accounted founder of the monastery here, about A.D. 926. That settlement was destroyed by the Danish pirates, A.D. 981, yet the Religious continued here under several shapes,[91] and much alienations of their lands, both before and after the Conquest, till about the year 1120, when one Algar, with the king’s licence and the consent of Will. Warlewast bishop of Exeter, re-established this religious house, and placed therein Regular canons of the order of St. Austin, who continued till the general suppression, when it was styled the priory of St. Mary and St. Petroc,[92] and was valued at 270l. 0s. 11d. per ann. Dugd. 289l. 11s. 11d. Speed. The site, with the demesnes, were granted, 36 Hen. 8. to Tho. Sternhold, one of the first translators of the Psalms into English metre.

Vide Mon. Angl. tom. i. 213. ex Leland. Collect. vol. i. p. 75, 76. Et ibid. p. 227. cartam Ethelredi regis de episcopo Cornubiæ apud S. Petrocum, et libertatibus eidem concessis. Ibid. tom. ii. p. 5. cart. 57 Hen. 3. m. 9. confirm. cartam Eadredi regis priori et canonicis de Bodmine, de manerio de Niwetone. Leland. Itin. vol. ii. p. 114. vol. iii. p. 12. In Itinerario Will. de Worcestre, p. 100. 111. de fundatione et dimensione ecclesiæ; p. 107. excerpta ex kalendario principalis Libri Antiphoner: p. 111. nomina nobilium et generosorum in kalendario memoratorum: p. 112. ex registro. Cart. Antiq. D. n. 40, 41. Cart. 36 Hen. 3. m. 18. pro manerio de Neweton. Cart. 13 Ed. 1. n. 9. et 66. pro piscaria in Alan, bosco in Bodan, et aliis libertatibus. Cart. 6 Ed. 2. n. 1. Cart. 9 Ed. 3. n. 41. pro emptione stanni: Pat. 19. Ed. 3. p. 2. m. d. de visu franci plegii infra villam: Pat. 48 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 12. de XL s. redd. exeunt. de burgo, et boscis de Kingswood et Kelleritho. Pat. 3 Ric. 2. p. 2. m. 25. Pat. 1 Hen. 4. p. 8. m. 34. Pat. 1 Hen. 6. p. 3. m. 24. Pat. 3 Hen. 6. p. 1. m. 11. Pat. 3 Ed. 4. p. 1. m.

2. HOSPITAL. About a mile from Bodmin is St. Laurence,[93] a poor hospital or lazarhouse,[94] on the east; well endowed for nineteen leprous people, two whole men and women, and a priest to minister unto them.[95]

Vide Leland. Itin. vol. ii. p. 115. vol. iii. p. 12.

3. ALMSHOUSE. At the west end of the town was a chapel and an almshouse,[96] but not endowed with lands.[97]

Vide Leland. Itin. vol. ii. p. 115.

4. GREY FRIERS. A house of Grey friers on the south side of the market-place, begun by John of London a merchant, and augmented by Edmund earl of Cornwall.[98] After the dissolution this friery was granted to one William Abbot, 37 Hen. 8. and in Q. Elizabeth’s time it was made the house of correction for the county.[99]

Vide Leland. Itin. vol. ii. p. 115. vol. iii. p. 12. Stevens’[100] Supplement, vol. i. p. 154. In Itinerario Will. de Worcestre, p. 99. de fundatione et excerpta quædam ex kalendario. [Harl. MS. 6964. p. 77. Hoveden, Script. post Bedam, fol. 324. Domesd. tom. i. fol. 120. b. 121. MS. Cole, Brit. Mus. vol. xxvii. 184 b. H.E.]

V. ST. BURIEN, in the deanry of Trigge Minor.

COLLEGE. King Ethelstan is said to have built and endowed a collegiate church almost at the Land’s End,[101] and to have granted the benefit of a sanctuary and other privileges to the same, in honor of St. Buriena or Beriana a holy woman from Ireland, who had an oratory and was buried here. At the Conquest here were Secular canons,[102] as there were a dean and three prebendaries at the time of making the Lincoln taxation 20 Ed. 1. and also down to 26 Hen. 8. though this deanery was seized into the king’s hands temp. Ed. 3. by reason that Mr. John de Maunte then incumbent, was a Frenchman; and as alien, was given, 24 Hen. 6. to King’s college in Cambridge, and afterward by K. Edward 4. (anno regni 7.) to Windsor college;[103] yet neither of those societies long enjoyed, or had any benefit from it; for it was all along, and still continues, an independent deanry, in the gift of the crown or of the duke of Cornwall, of exempt jurisdiction as a royal free chapel.[104] The deanry or rectory, 26 Hen. 8. was valued at 48l. 12s. 1d. per ann. Prebenda parva 2l. 8s. 4d. Prebenda de Respernel 7l. 6s. 8d. Prebenda de Tirthney 7l.

Vide Coke’s Institutes, vol. i. p. 344. Roll’s Abridgement, p. 2. f. 341. Prynne’s Papal Usurpations, vol. iii. p. 933. Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 18. vol. vii. p. 117. In bibl. Harleiana, ms. 980. p. 212. of the exemption of the dean from episcopal jurisdiction and proceedings thereon, 26 Ed. 3. ms. 7048. p. 343. collectiones e chronico eccl. S. Burianæ. De exemptione hujus ecclesiæ a jurisdictione episc. Exon. plac. term. S. Hill; 8 Ed. 2. ms. penes V. cl. Andr. Fountaine equ. aur. p. 167, &c. Fragmentum registri hujus collegii tempore Roberti Knollys decani, viz. ab anno 1473. ad annum 1485. ms. haud ita pridem in bibl. RR. P. DD. Joannis Moore episc. Eliensis, nunc in bibl. publica acad. Cantab. Ee. v. 34. Cart. 15 Joan. m. 2. n. 42. Cart. 30 Ed. 1. n. 26. pro mercato die Sabbati, et feria in vigilia, die, et crast. S. Martini in hieme apud S. Burien. Pat. 9 Ed. 2. p. 1. m. 10 vel 20. Plac. coram rege, 12 Ed. 2. Mich. rot. 128. Ibid. 17 Ed. 2. Trin. rot. 90. Pat. 1 Ed. 3. p. 3. m. 13. de prebenda de Trethin, &c. Claus. 11 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 13. Plac. coram rege, 13 Ed. 3. … rot.. Escaet. Corn. 20 Ed. 3. n. 32. Pat. 20 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 15. Pat. 31 Ed. 3. p. 3. m. 9. Pat. 24 Hen. 6. p. 3. m. 28. pro appropriatione hujus decanatus collegio S. Nicholai in Acad. Cantab. Pat. 1 Ed. 4. p. 3. m. 24. [MS. Lansd. Brit. Mus. 966. Ex Chronico quodam Ecclesiæ Sanctæ Burianæ in Cornub. MS. penes Matth. Hutton, S.T.P. fol. 11. b. Harl. MS. 6958. pp. 219, 220, 224, 241, 253. 6959. pp. 260, 286. 6960. pp. 25, 68. 6961. pp. 48, 86, 198, 205. 6962. pp. 20, 98, 128. 6963. pp. 72, 122. MS. Cole, vol. xxvii. fol. 184 b. Domesd. tom. i. fol. 121. Mr. Moyle’s Works, i. p. 247. H. E.]

VI. CONSTANTYN, in the deanry of Kerryer.

This seems to have been a church of more than ordinary note, by what is said in Domesday Book under the title Ecclesiæ aliquorum Sanctorum; scil. “S. Constantinus tenet dim. hidam terræ, quæ fuit quieta ab omni servitio T. R. E. sed postquam comes terram accepit, reddebat geldum injuste, sicut terra villanorum.” This church was afterwards appropriate to the dean and chapter of Exeter, who are still the patrons of it.

[Domesd. tom. i. fol. 121. H. E.]

VII. ENDELLION, in the deanry of Trigge Minor.

COLLEGE. In the parish church here, dedicated to St. Endelienta, were three prebends or portions before 20 Ed. 1.[105] and subsist to this day, and have incumbents under the titles of Bodmin or the King’s prebend, Marney’s prebend, and Trehaverock prebend, taxed each at 5l. per ann. 26 Hen. 8.

VIII. ST. GERMANS.

AUSTIN CANONS. Here was a collegiate church of ancient foundation in honor of St. German, one of the famous French bishops, who came over into Britain to oppose the Pelagian heresy. K. Ethelstan is said to have made one Conon bishop here, A.D. 936, though it seems more probable that the episcopal see for Cornwall was not fixed here till after the burning of the bishop’s house and cathedral church at Bodmin; after which K. Canute more amply endowed this church of St. German; and, about A. D. 1050. Leofric, who was bishop here and of Crediton, having united both bishopricks in the church of St. Peter at Exeter, changed the Seculars[106] here into Regular canons.[107] The yearly revenues of this priory were valued, 26 Hen. 8. at 243l. 8s. Dugd. Speed 227l. 4s. 8d. Clare, ms. Valor. The site was granted, 33 Hen. 8. to Kath.[108] Champernoun, John Ridgway, &c.

Vide Mon. Angl. tom. i. p. 213. ex Leland. Collect. i. 75. Ibid. tom. ii. p. 5, 6. inquis. 32 Ed. 3. ex rot. pat. 7 Ric. 2. p. 1. m. 24. de fundatione et dotatione. Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 40. vol. vii. p. 122. Cartas, &c. penes Edw. Elliot de eadem. Fin. 6 Hen. 3. m. 5. de mercat. ibid. Cart. 6 Ed. 2. n. 1. Pat. 17 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 32. de mercato et feria in villa S. Germani, et de lib. war. in Lamash: Pat. 31 Ed. 3. p. 3. m. 8. pro ten. in Lanrake: Plac. coram reg. 37 Ed. 3. rot. 9. Pat. 38 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 46. Pat. 43 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 23 vel 43. Pat. 2 Rich. 2. p. 1. m. 47. pro ten. in Pollersek, Trewint, Todisford, Lancottock, &c. Pat. 9 Ric. 2. p. 1. m.. rex restituit prioratum S. Germani (qui fuit de fundatione Leofrici episc. et quem rex recuperaverat in curia sua adversus Jo. Grandison episc. Exon.) episc. Exon. et successoribus: Pat. 16 Ric. 2. p. 1. m. 27. de redd. in Trethinek, Morna, &c. Pat. 11 Hen. 6. p. 1. m. 17. pro ten. in Frogwell, Tenepath, &c. [Stowe’s Annals, edit. 1592. p. 120. Domesd. tom. i. fol. 120 b. H. E.]

IX. HELSTON, in the deanry of Kerrier.

HOSPITAL. A priory or hospital at the west-south-west end of the town, of the foundation of one Kellegrew,[109] dedicated to St. John Baptist.[110] It was endowed only with 12l. 16s. 4d. per ann. Dugd. 14l. 7s. 4d. Speed.

Vide Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 23. Registrum Edm. Stafford episc. Exon. f. 135.

X. ST. KARENTOC, or Crantoc, near Padstow, in the deanry of Pider.

COLLEGE. Here were Secular canons[111] temp. Edw. Conf. who continued till the general dissolution, when its yearly revenues were valued at 89l. 15s. 8d. which were divided amongst the dean, nine prebendaries,[112] and four vicars choral.[113] This collegiate church was dedicated to St. Carantocus, said to be a disciple of St. Patric, and was in the patronage of the bishop of Exeter,[114] but now in John Buller of Mowall, esq.

Vide in Prynne’s Papal Usurpations, vol. ii. p. 736. Claus. 34 Hen. 3. m. 15. Pat. 29 Hen. 3. m. 7. Pat. 43 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 31. Pat. 44 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 23.

[Domesd. tom. i. fol. 121. H. E.]

XI. LAMMANA.

BENEDICTINE CELL. The abbey of Glastonbury had sometime a cell here, dedicated to St. Michael.

Vide Adami de Domerham historia de rebus gestis Glastoniensibus, p. 423. ut prioratus de Basselake et de Lamena ad ordinacionem conventus pertineant. Et in Auctuario eidem historiæ annexo, p. 599. cartam Hastuti filii Johannis de Solenneio de insula de Lamana: p. 600. Roberti de Cardinay de uno ferlingo terræ de Trewodlowan: p. 601. Rogeri filii Willelmi de terra de Lamman: p. 602. compositionem inter conventum Glaston et conventum de Lanstaventone de decimis in dominico Odonis de Portlo; p. 603. cartam Ricardi comiti Cornubiæ de Lammana.

XII. LANACHEBRAN, or Lan-a-Kebran, alias St. Kevran,[115] in the deanry of Kerrier.

CISTERTIAN CELL. Here was a society of Secular canons, at or about the time of the Conquest, dedicated to St. Achebran:[116] and afterwards here was a cell of Cistertian monks, subordinate to Beaulieu abbey in Hampshire,[117] and the manor here, as parcel of the possessions of Beaulieu, was granted, 2 Eliz. to Francis earl of Bedford.

Vide in registro W. Bronscomb episc. Exon. ordinationem vicariæ S. Keverani, quam abbas de Bello Loco habet in proprios usus. Pat. 2 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 27. Plac. coram rege, 16 Ed. 3. Pasch. rot. 230. Pat. 18 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 4. Pat. 19 Ed. 3. m …. Pat. 49 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 10. pro privilegiis allocandis.

XIII. LAUNCELS, in the deanry of Trigge Minor.

CELL to the abbey of Hertland.[118]

XIV. LAUNCESTON, olim Lanstaveton, i. e. Fanum S. Stephani.

1. AUSTIN CANONS. There was a college of Secular[119] canons before the Conquest, in the church of St. Stephen,[120] about half a mile from this town, which being given to the bishop and church of Exeter by king Henry I.[121] it was suppressed before A.D. 1126. by Will. Warlewast bishop of Exeter, who in lieu of it founded in the west suburb under the castle hill,[122] a priory for canons[123] of the order of St. Austin, which was also dedicated to St. Stephen, to which he gave the best part of the college lands.[124] The yearly revenues of this monastery were rated, 26 Hen. 8. at 354l. 0s. 11d., q. Dugd. 392l. 11s. 2d. q. Speed.[125]

Vide in Mon. Angl. tom. ii. p. 107. quæ Leland. in Itin. vol. ii. p. 110. habet de Launceston: et cart. 13 Hen. 3. p. 1. m. 10. recit. per Inspex. cart. R. Joan. anno regni primo. Lelandi Collect. vol. i. p. 76. ejusdem Itin. vol. ii. p. 109. vol. iii. p. 132, 133. vol. vii. p. 123. In Itin. Will. de Worcestre, p. 134. dimensiones ecclesiæ, de fundatione, excerpta ex kalendario. In Auctuario ad Adamum de Domerham, p. 602. compositionem inter abbatem et conventum Glaston, et priorem et conventum de Lanstaventone de decimis in dominico dom. Odonis de Portlo. Registrum hujus prioratus, penes magistrum Ric. Escot de hosp. Lincoln. Registrum prioratus de Launceston, ms. in bibl. Bodl. Oxon. Tanner. 196. Pat. 13 Hen. 3. m. 7. pro maner. de Cloveston. Pat. 3 Ed. 1. m. 24. de terris in Tottesden: Pat. 11 Ed. 1. m. 1. vel 2. Pat. 1 Ed. 3. p. 3. m. 14. vel. 15. Pat. 16 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 1. Pat. 1 Ric. 2. p. 2. m. 3. pro ten. in Newport; Ibid. p. 3. m. 19. Pat. 6 Ric. 2. p. 3. m.. Pat. 12 Ric. 2. p. 2. m. 24. pro mess. voc. Shiphouse in Treburdesk: Pat. 16 Ric. 2. p. 2. m. 31. de mess. et terris in Newland, Landren, Leskard, &c. Pat. 19 Ric. 2. p. 2. m. 35. pro vicariis S. Tallini, de Tallam S. Mellorii, &c. Parl. 4 Hen. 4. petitionem contra priorem de vicariis de Lyskeret, Larkinham, et Tallum. Inquis. Corn. 1 Hen. 5. n. 51. de Bernhay: Pat. 2 Hen. 5. p. 3. m. 32 vel 33. Rec. in scacc. 10 Hen. 6. Trin. rot. 5. Pat. 19 Ed. 4. m. 5 vel 6.

2. ST. LEONARD’S HOSPITAL. An hospital for lepers in this town, dedicated to St. Leonard, is mentioned[126] pat. 6 Ric. 2. p. 3.

3. FRIERY. Mr. Carew[127] mentions a friery to have been here, besides the abbey or priory.

[MS. Lansdown. Brit. Mus. 939. fol. 21 b. Ex Registro Priorat. de Launceston MS. apogr. inter Libros olim Will. Griffith. Domesd. tom. i. fol. 120, 120 b. Harl. MS. 6958. pp. 180, 182. In Thorpe’s Cat. of MSS. 1833. No. 281. is a “Survey of the lands belonging to the Priory at Launceston, at the Dissolution of the Monasteries, 1539, 31 Hen. VIII. a contemporary Record, a long roll, upon paper, in fine condition, £16 16.” H. E.]

XV. LESKARD, or Minhenned, near Leskard.

HOSPITAL. Here was anciently a house for lepers,[128] for there is an indulgence granted by Edm. Stafford bishop of Exeter, to all those who should contribute to the hospital of St. Mary Magdalen at Leskard, about A.D. 1400.[129]

XVI. ST. MARTIN’S.

NUNNERY.[130]

XVII. MARY WEEK, in the deanry of Trigge Minor.

COLLEGE. A college[131] and school here, as Carew.

XVIII. ST. MAWES.[132]

In the cart. roll of the fifteenth year of K. John, m. 2. n. 42. there is a grant of a hundred shillings per ann. out of the church of St. Berian in Cornwall to the monks of St. Matthew. I have not yet found any monastery elsewhere in England dedicated to that Apostle.

XIX. ST. MICHAEL’S MOUNT.

ALIEN PRIORY. A priory of Benedictine monks placed here by K. Edward the Confessor,[133] but before A.D. 1085. annexed to the abbey of St. Michael in periculo Maris in Normandy, by Robert[134] earl of Moreton and Cornwall. After the suppression of the alien priories, this was given first by K. Henry 6. to King’s college Cambridge, and afterward by K. Edward 4. to Sion abbey in Middlesex. At the first seizure of it by K. Edward 3. the farm of it was rated but at 10l. per ann. but at the time of K. Henry 8. the lands belonging to this house, as parcel of Sion, were valued at 110l. 12s. 0d. ob. per ann.

Vide in Mon. Angl. tom. i. p. 551. cartam S. Edwardi R. et cartas Roberti comitis et Liurici episc. Exon. Ibid. in tom. ii. p. 901, 902, 903. cartam Edmundi comitis Cornwal recitantem et confimantem donationes Ricardi patris: Cart. Alani comitis Britanniæ de x s. annui redditus de feria de Merdreshem: Cartam Ricardi regis Romanorum de feriis in Marhasgon: Cartam Conani ducis Britanniæ de Wath: Et bullam P. Adriani, A.D. 1155. confirmantem omnes possessiones tam in Normannia quam in Anglia cum anathemate. Du Monstrier, Neustriam piam, p.. Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 17. In Itin. Will. de Worcestre, p. 101. indulgentiam concessam visitantibus hanc ecclesiam: p. 103. dimensiones ecclesiæ: p. 129. excerpta ex kalendario. In Madox’s Formulare Anglicanum, p. 59. Rogeri de Daledich confirmationem donationis VIs. VIIId. percipiend. annuatim de fœdo de Wiscomb per Henricum de Wiscomb factæ. In Dr. Archer’s account of the religious houses in the diocese of Bath printed at the end of Hearne’s Hemingford, p. 637. of a pension of xl. marks out of the rectory of Mertock. In Rymeri Fœder, &c. vol. viii. p. 102. 340, 341. pat. 5 Hen. 4. p. 1. m. 21. pro restitutione hujus prioratus, qui dicitur “esse tempore guerræ fortalitium toti patriæ circumjacenti.” Registrum hujus prioratus olim penes Will. com. Sarisb. Excerpta ex isto registro penes V. cl. Joannem Anstis arm. Computos, &c. in officio Curiæ Augment. sub titulo Syon Monasterium. Rot. fin. 13 Ed. 2. m. 3. de terris in Lambedon: Pat. 14 Ed. 2. p. 1. m. 12. de terris in Ottriton monachorum. Pat. 22 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 30. de ten. in Trevemeny, Polker, et Breglis: Pat. 30 Ed. 3. p. 3. m. penult. Pat. 10 Hen. 6. p. 1. m. ult. Pat. 20 Hen. 6. p. 4. m. 3. de concessione hujus prioratus rectori et scholaribus S. Nicholai Cantab. Pat. 1 Ed. 4. p. 2. m. 8. Ibid. p. 3. m. 1. Claus. 2 Ed. 4. n. 13. quiet. clam. præpositi S. Nich. Cantab. abbatissæ S. Salvatoris de Syon de hoc prioratu. [Domesd. tom. i. fol. 120 b. Harl. MS. 6965. p. 86. MS. Cole, vol. xxvii. fol. 184 b. Tanner mentions a Register of this House, “penes Will. Com. Sarisb.” This Register is still at Hatfield in Lord Salisbury’s possession. It came as a Title Deed there, Sir Robert Cecil having purchased the manor of Mt. St. Michael. H. E.]

XX. MINSTER, or Talcarn[135], in the deanry of Trigge Minor.

ALIEN PRIORY. An alien priory to the abbey of St. Sergius and Bachus at Angiers.

Vide Mon. Angl. i. p. 1036. ex pat. 48 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 3. “Prior de Minstre habet apud Pilesfunte de redditu xx. sol.” Taxat. Lincoln; In Bundell. benef. alienig. 48 Ed. 3. “Minster prior alienigena habet in proprios usus ecclesias de Minster et Bodecastell:” In the account of knight’s fees in Mr. Carew’s Survey of Cornwall, f. 41. b. “Prior de Ministre tenet. i. par. feod. mort, in Polifant, 3 Hen. 4.” Year Books, 32 Hen. 6. 13, 14.

XXI. NEWPORT near Launceston.

HOSPITAL. Here is an old hospital for lazars, dedicated to St. Thomas, which was well endowed and governed in Mr. Carew’s time.[136]

XXII. NYOTT, olim Neotstoke,[137] or Neotstow, or St. Guerir, in the deanry of West.

MONASTERY DESTROYED. Here was a monastery[138] or college[139] founded in honor of St. Neotus, brother[140] to K. Alfred, who was here buried, which continued till after the Conquest. The church here belonged to Montacute priory in Somersetshire.

Vide in Joanne Glastoniensi, p. 111. historiolam fundationis hujus monasterii. Stevens’ Supplement, vol. i. p. 217. [Domesd. tom. i. fol. 121. H. E.]

XXIII. PETROCSTOW, or Padstow, olim Loderic, or Laffenac, or Adelston,[141] in the deanry of Pydre.

MONASTERY DESTROYED. St. Petroc, a religious man born in Wales, but coming from Ireland, is said to have built a monastery on the north coast of Cornwall, about A.D. 520 and to have been there buried;[142] his body was afterward removed to Bodmin.

[Harl. MS. 6964. p. 77.――H. E.]

XXIV. PENRYN, alias Glaseney, in the parish of Gluvias and deanry of Kerrier.

COLLEGE. Walter Bronescomb the good bishop[143] of Exeter,[144] about the year 1270,[145] built a collegiate church on a moor called Glasenith, at the bottom of his park at Penryn, to the honor of the blessed Virgin Mary and St. Thomas of Canterbury. It consisted of a provost, a sacrist, eleven prebendaries,[146] seven vicars,[147] and six choristers; and was certified, 26 Hen. 8. to be worth 210l. 13s. 2d. per ann. in toto. 205l. 10s. 6d. clare.

Vide in Mon. Angl. tom. iii. p. ii. p. 56. pat. 18 Ed. 2. p. 2. m. 17. appropriationem ecclesiæ S. Alune in Cornubia. Lelandi Collect. vol. i. p. 115. ejusdem Itin. vol. iii. p. 27. vol. vii. p. 120. In Itin. Will. de Worcestre, p. 122. 128. de fundatione collegii de Penryn. In bibl. Harleiana, ms. 862. f. 118. instrumenta spectantia ad ecclesiam collegiatam de Glasney. Registrum hujus collegii, penes ―――― Parsons un. audit. scaccarii, A.D. 1706. postea penes Jacobum Mickleton de hosp. Grayensi arm. Videtur esse idem cum registro penes Joannem Row nuper de medio Templo London, arm. unde quamplurima excerpsit V. cl. Joannes Anstis arm. Pat. 8 Ed. 2. p. 2. m. 2. 17. 20 et 27. Pat. 10 Ed. 2. p. 1. m: 19. de vicariis ecclesiæ. Fin. 2 Ed. 3. m. 6. in cedula: Pat. 2 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 36. pro ten. et eccl. in Lamerock: Pat. 26 Ed. 3. p. 3. m. 21. pro eccl. S. Justi in Penwith approprianda: Pat. 43 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 40. d. Pat. 44 Ed. 3. p. 1. m; 10. et p. 2. m. 3. Pat. 45 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 40. d. Pat. 8 Hen. 4. p. 2. m. 9. pro ten. in Trewtham pro cantaria apud Bodryganes alter in hoc collegio. [Harl. MS. 6958. p. 294. 6960. pp. 166. 184. 234. 6961. p. 225. Ducarel’s Extr. from the Lamb. Registers in Brit. Mus. vol. ix. p. 218. H. E.]

XXV. ST. PIERAN in Zabulo, in the deanry of Pydre.

COLLEGE. In the days of K. Edward the Confessor here were a dean and canons,[148] endowed with lands, and the privilege of a sanctuary.[149] The church[150] was given by K. Henry 1. to the bishop and church of Exeter, who still enjoy the great tithes and the advowson of the vicarage.

[Domesd. tom. i. fol. 121. H. E.]

[Hearne mentions PORT ELIOT in the margin of his copy of Tanner’s first edition, and says it was sometimes a Priory, and at the Dissolution K. Henry VIII. bestowed it upon one of the ancestors of Richard Elliot mentioned in Norden’s Descr. of Cornwall. H. E.]

XXVI. ST. PROBUS, in the deanry of Powder.

COLLEGE. Here was a collegiate church of Secular canons before the Conquest,[151] which was given to the bishop and church of Exeter by K. Henry 1.[152] Here was once a dean:[153] Four prebendaries or portionists occur here upon the Lincoln taxation, and some time after;[154] but, 26 Hen. 8. the glebe and tithe of St. Probus, as part of the endowment of the treasurership of the cathedral church of Exeter, to which it still belongs,[155] is valued at 22l. 10s. per ann.[156]

[Domesd. tom. i. fol. 121. H. E.]

XXVII. SALTASH, in the deanry of East.

ABBEY. The abbey[157] of Saltash in com. Devon, is mentioned in the Year Books, 2 Hen. 4. Mich. 45.

XXVIII. SYLLY.

BENEDICTINE CELL. In the biggest of the Sylly islands, called Iniscaw,[158] was a poor cell of two Benedictine monks dedicated to St. Nicholas, belonging to Tavistock abbey, even before the Conquest, and confirmed to them afterward by K. Henry 1. Reginald earl of Cornwall, &c.

Vide in Mon. Angl. tom. i: p. 516. cart. 1 Joan. p. 2. m. 65. Pat. 19 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 5. et ibid. p. 1002. Cartas RR. Hen. 1. Ed. 1. Reginaldi com. Cornub. et Barthol. episc. Exon. ex registro Tavestochiensi. Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 19. Cart. 1 Joan. p. 1. n. 155 et 219. de decimis forestsæ de Guffaer.

XXIX. ST. SYRIAC,[159] St. Cyriac,[160] St. Carricius,[161] St. Karrocus,[162] St. Cyret, and Julette.[163]

CLUNIAC CELL. Hare was a small religious house of two Benedictine[164] or Cluniac[165] monks, as early as K. Richard 1st’s time,[166] cell to Montacute[167] in Somersetshire; and as parcel of the possessions of that priory it was granted, 37 Hen. 8. to Laurence Courtney.

Vide Mon. Angl. tom. i. p. 670, 671. tom. ii. p. 910. Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 37. vol. vii. p. 121. Pat. 15 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 5. de concessione hujus cellæ Willelmo comiti Sarisb. per priorem et conv. de Monteacuto. [Report to the Originalia, vol. iv. fol. 155 b. Brit. Mus., where it is called St. Caroch.]

XXX. ST. THETHA, St. Teath or St. Etha, in the deanry of Trigge Minor.

COLLEGE. The parish church here is sometimes on the records called collegiate,[168] and consisted of two prebendaries[169] or portionists,[170] who seem to have been collated by the bishop of Exeter.

XXXI. TREBIGH, or Turbigh.

KNIGHTS HOSPITALERS. A preceptory of Knights Hospitalers of St. John of Jerusalem, to which Henry de Pomerai and Reginald Marsh were considerable benefactors [Mon. Angl. tom. ii. p. 551.] It was valued at 60l. per ann. [ms. Le Neve] but this with Ansty [Wilts.] was valued, 26 Hen. 8. at 90l. 1s. 9d. in toto. 81l. 8s. 5d. clare. [ms. Valor, in off. Primit.] This among other possessions of the old Knights, then undisposed of, was regranted to the Hospitalers upon their restoration, 4 et 5 Phil. et Mar. and after their dissolution, 16 Eliz. to Henry Wilby and Geo. Blyth.

XXXII. TREGONY, in the deanry of Powder.

ALIEN PRIORY. The advowson of the priory of Tregony, as belonging to the abbey de Valle in Normandy, is mentioned fin. div. com. 52 Hen. 3. n. 18. This priory with the advowsons of the churches of Tregony and Biry were made over A.D. 1267, by the abbat and convent de Valle in diœc. Bajoc. to the prior and convent of Merton.[171]

Vide inter munimenta eccl. cath. Exon. cartam abbatis et conventus de Valle, de resignatione hujus prioratus. [Bishop Lyttelton in a letter to Browne Willis, copied in MS. Cole, Brit. Mus. vol. xl. p. 59. says, “In the last edition of the Monastica Notitia the author queries if there was any Priory at Tregony in Cornwall. I find the original resignation thereof of the Abbat de Valle in Normandy to the Bp. of Exon, Peter Quivil, for the use of the Priory of Merton, together with the advowsons of the parish churches of Tregony and Bury, dated 1267.” H. E.]

XXXIII. TRURO.

BLACK FRIERS. In the latter end of K. Henry 3d’s reign,[172] a convent of Black friers settled in Kenwyn street.[173] Rauf Reskimer left a benefaction, 2 Ed. 4. to this house, of which his ancestors had been founders. It was granted, 7 Ed. 6. to Edward Aglianby.

Vide Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 27. vol. vii. p. 120. In Itin. Will. de Worcestre, p. 128, excerpta ex kalendario. Pat. 49 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 26. pro manso elargando. Claus. 2 Ed. 4. n. 101. d.

XXXIV. TRUWARDRAITH,[174] Tuwardraz,[175] or Tywardreit, in the deanry of Powder.

ALIEN PRIORY. An alien priory of Benedictine monks[176] belonging to the abbey of St. Sergius and Bachus in Angiers,[177] founded before A.D. 1169. by Champernulphus or Chambernon of Bere,[178] lord of the manor of Tywardreith, or by the ancestors of Robert de Cardinan,[179] perhaps Robert Fitz William. It was seised by the Crown during the wars with France, and its farm then fixed at fifty marks per ann.[180] but being afterwards made denisen it continued till the general suppression, about which time herein were seven monks,[181] whose revenues were rated at 123l. 9s. 3d. per ann. Dugd. 151l. 16s. 1d. Speed. It was dedicated to St. Andrew, and granted 34 Hen. 8. to Edward earl of Hertford.

Vide in Mon. Angl. tom. ii. p. 586, 587. Cart. 33 Ed. 1. n. 38. recit. per inspeximus tres cartas Hen. 3. viz. primam recitant, cartam Roberti de Cardinan confirm, donationes antecessorum, secundam de ecclesia de Austel, tertiam de libertate sanctuarii S. Austeli. Lelandi Collect. vol. i. p. 76. ejusdam Itin. vol. iii. p. 14. 32, 33. vol. vii. p. 120. In Libro Nigro Scaccarii, p. 131. de 1 fœd. mil. tent. de comite Reginaldo. In Rymeri Fœder. &c. vol. iv. p. 248. vol. viii. p. 106. Cart. 9 Ed. 2. n. 16. pro merc, et fer. apud Fowey, et lib. war. in Tywardreith, Trerant, Tremaynon, et Carigog. Claus. 4 Ed. 3. m. 27. de ten. in Fawy. [Harl. MS. 6959. p. 185. 6960. p. 34. 6961. pp. 30. 89. Repert. to Originalia, Brit. Mus. vol. iii. p. 273. MS. Cole, vol. xxvii. fol. 184 b. Lysons, Mag. Brit. Cornw. Gent. Mag. 2d vol. for 1822. Supp. p. 602. A great number of original grants, deeds, &c. relating to this priory from its foundation to its dissolution are at Wardour Castle, in the possession of Lord Arundel of Wardour; and extracts from a Calendar, with a list of the priors, has been lately published in the Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica, vol. iii. pp. 106-111. H. E.]

For TALCARN see MINSTRE in this county.

ST. MARY DE VALLE is omitted, as it probably was not in ENGLAND, see under Minstre note[135].

[84] Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 24. Taxat. Lincoln. p. 367. In registr. Bronscomb. the vicarage of St. Antonine in the patronage of Tywardreth.

[85] Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 30. vol. vii. p. 119. et Taxat. Lincoln. p. 638.

[86] Tonkin, Quære.

[87] Camden, edit. Gibson.

[88] i. e. “Mansio monachorum.” Leland. Collect. vol. i. 75.

[89] Hoveden, p. 567, 568.

[90] Will. Malmsbur. de Pontif. lib ――――

[91] What Leland saith of this monastery [Itin. vol. ii. 114.] is very observable, viz. “That in St. Petroc’s church at Bodmin were first monks, then nuns, then Secular priests, then monks again, then canons; the last foundation was by Will. Warlewast bishop of Exon.” Mr. Speed further adds, that after the canons were Grey friers (but these last were in a distinct house of their own in this town; vide infra) he also tells us of a priory of Black canons founded by K. Ethelstan to the honour of S. Petrorsi at Bonury in this county, which in all probability was the same with this of St. Petroc at Bodmin.

[92] This priory church is said to be now the parish church, [Tour through Great Britain, vol. ii. p. 4.] and the priory stood at the east end of the churchyard. [Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 12.]

[93] Mr. Willis’ Parochiale, p. 179. has St. Laurence chapel and hospital in the parish of Lanivet and deanry of Pider.

[94] Leland. Itin. vol. ii. p. 15. ms. Davies.

[95] Magn. Brit. Antiq. et Nov.

[96] Quære, Whether this was St. Antony’s or St. George’s hospital; for the will of John Killigrew, proved A.D. 1500, gives legacies “Pauper ibus S. Antonii de Bodmyn; pau peribus S. Georgii de Bodmin pauperibus S. Laurentii juxta Bod min.” Lib. Moore, Qu. xx.

[97] Leland. Itin. vol. ii. p. 115.

[98] Ibid.

[99] Carew, f. 124. a.

[100] Mr. Stevens has erroneously placed this house in Devonshire.

[101] Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 18. Camden. Britan, edit. Gibson, ad Burien.

[102] Domesday, Cornwall. “Canonici S. Berianæ tenent Eglosberry, quæ fuit libera T. R. E. Ibi est una hida, &c.”

[103] Mr. Ashmole’s History of the Garter, cap. 4. et Mon. Angl. tom. iii. p. ii. p. 73.

[104] The dean is instituted and takes the oaths before the king as ordinary.

[105] In Taxat. Lincoln, ms. “Ecclesia S. Endelientæ taxatur prout sequitur: Prebenda dom. Pagani de Liskered in eadem lxs. prebenda H. de Monkton ivl. xs. prebenda dom. Reginaldi ivl. iis.”

[106] Thus the inquisition, Mon. Angl. ii. p. 5. but Leland, Coll. i. p. 75. saith, the Regulars were introduced by Bartholomew bishop of Exeter, who lived temp. Hen. 2.

[107] They were Benedictine monks according to Ryley, Plac. Parl. p. 466. But that is not right, for here were a prior and eight Black canons at the dissolution. Vide Willis, ii. Ap. p. 7.

[108] Mr. Mores saith John Champernoun, sed quære.

[109] Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 23.

[110] Ms. Valor. “St. Mary Magdalen,” Registr. Stafford, f. 135.

[111] Domesdei, “Canonici S. Carentoci tenent Langorock, et tenebant T.R.E. Sunt iii. hidæ, &c.”

[112] So in my ms. Valor.

[113] Eight prebendaries, without a dean. Tax. Lincoln, ms. A dean and ten prebendaries. Ms. Le Neve.

[114] Prynne, ii. p. 736. many grants of the deanery and prebends here by the kings appear upon the rolls, but seem to be made during the vacancy of the see of Exeter. “A.D. 1315. Feb. 22. Walterus episc. Exon. contulit Joanni de Sandale cancellario regis præbendam in ecclesia S. Karantoci.” Wharton de decan. Lond. p. 216.

[115] In the former edition this church was confounded with that of St. Pieran: the late learned prelate Dr. Charles Littleton bishop of Carlisle informed Dr. Tanner of the mistake, and the account of both churches inserted in this edition are agreeable to the information communicated by him.

[116] Domesday, “Canonici S. Achebranni tenent Lannachebran.”

[117] Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 25. vol. vii. p. 118. Tax. Linc. ms.

[118] Carew’s Survey, f. 118. a.

[119] Leland. Collect. vol. i. p. 76. not Regular canons of the order of St. Austin, as Magn. Brit. Antiq. et Nov. p. 333.

[120] Domesday, “Canonici S. Stephani tenent Lanstaveton. Ibi sunt iv. hidæ terræ, &c. De hoc manerio abstulit comes Moriton unum mercatum, quod ibi erat T.R.E.”

[121] Plac. coram rege, 2 c. 2. Hill, rot. 20.

[122] Leland. Itin. vol. ii. p. 109.

[123] Not friers, as Magn. Brit. Antiq. et Nov. p. 333.

[124] “And took the residew himself,” saith Leland [Itin. vol. ii. p. 110.] But in the recital of the donors and donations of this priory, made in the charter of king John, there is no mention at all of this bishop; but therein Reginald the son of K. Henry I. and earl of Cornwall seems to make the greatest figure, and he was certainly a considerable benefactor, if not founder of this new house, as he is said to be by Camden.

[125] Here could not be less than twelve canons, for the prior and eleven subscribed to the supremacy, A. D. 1534. as Willis’ Abbies, vol. ii. p. 53.

[126] And also in the register of Edm. Lacy bishop of Exon, marked Lacy, vol. iii.

[127] Survey, f. 81. b. f. 116. b.

[128] Carew, f. 68. a.

[129] Lib. præced. B. 85.

[130] Carew’s Survey, f. 81. b.

[131] Quære, Perhaps the same with St. John Baptist chantry in this church. Willis’ Abbies, vol. ii. p. 54.

[132] St. Matthew’s in Tanner. St. Mawes appears in the Exeter Registers and in Leland’s Itin. to be no other than a corruption of St. Mauduits. See Lacy’s Register, vol. iii. Leland Itin. vol. iii. 19. and Willis, Rot. Parl. vol. ii. p. 166.

[133] Domesday, “Ecclesia S. Michaelis tenet Triwal, Brismar tenebat T.R.E. Ibi sunt ii. hidæ, quæ nunquam geldaverunt, &c. de his ii. hidis comes Moriton abstulit i. hidam.”

[134] Not William, as Mr. Camden and Mr. Speed; this last author mentions the monasteries of S. Michael de Monte, and S. Michael de Magno Monte, as distinct religious houses in this county, for which I have not yet met with any other authority.

[135] That Talcarn is the same with Minstre appears from the registers of the bishops of Exeter; where in the register of Bishop Branscomb, fol. 27. b. mention is made of “Talthar or Talcarne a cell to Tywardreth;” and in Bishop Stapeldon’s register, fol. 82. b. it is stiled “ecclesia de la Minstre alias de Talcarne.” Gervase of Canterbury, among other Cornish monasteries in his time, reckons Talcarn and St. Mary de Valle as cells of Black monks to Algiers, but I know not where the latter was situated, unless it was the same with S. Michael de Valle a priory in Guernsey. Mr. Burton and Mr. Speed have also these two houses, but they mistook the reading in the ms. of Gervase of Cant. who, in the column of the orders, hath, against these two and St. Anthony “mon. n. de Angs,” which they translated “Black monks of the Angells,” an order nowhere else to be met with. Black monks of Angiers seems most probable, and that they were cells to that foreign abbey, as Tywardreth certainly was, on which Talcarn appears to have been dependent.

[136] Survey, f. 68.

[137] Cressy’s Church History, p. 768. Leland. Collect, vol. iii. p. 13.

[138] Domesday, “Clerici S. Neoti tenent Neotestou, et tenebant T.R.E. Ibi sunt ii. hidæ, quæ nunquam geldaverunt: iv. bordarii, &c. Totam hanc terram præter i. acram, quam presbiteri tenent, abstulit comes ab ecclesia.”

[140] John of Glastonbury saith of St. Neot, that he was “dignis parentibus editus;” but his whole narrative is inconsistent with his being of royal birth.

[141] Latest edition of Camden’s Britannia, col. 23.

[142] Cressy’s Church History of England, p. 224. from archbishop Usher and Capgrave.

[143] Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 27.

[144] Not of Oxford, as Speed.

[145] Not A.D. 1288. as Mr. Camden and Speed; because bishop Bronscomb the founder died in 1280.

[146] One of these prebends was annexed to the dignity of the archdeaconry of Cornwall. Leland saith there were twelve prebendaries. Itin. vol. iii. p. 27.

[147] “Thirteen vicars.” Cart. fund. “Prebendaries, and other ministers. This college is strongly walled and incastell’d, having three strong towers, and guns at the but of the creke.” Leland, Itin. iii. 27.

[148] Domesday, “Canonici S. Pierani tenent Lanpiran, quæ libera fuit T.R.E. De hoc manerio ablatæ sunt ii. hidæ, quæ reddebant canonicis T.R.E. firmam quatuor septimanarum, et decano xx. sol.”

[149] Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 24. ms. in bibl. Cotton. Julius, C. vi.

[150] Plac. coram rege, 2 Ric. 2.

[151] Domesday, “Canonici S. Probi tenent Lantrebois. Ibi est una hida.”

[152] Plac. coram rege, 2 Rich. 2.

[153] “A.D. 1258. dom. episc. Exon. contulit custodiam decanatus ecclesiæ S. Probi magistro Henrico de Bolish.” Reg. Bronscomb. episc. Exon.

[154] Pat. 3 Hen. 4. a grant of a prebend in the church of S. Probus; four had pensions at the suppression.

[155] And so it seems to have done, even at the time of the Lincoln taxation, 20 Ed. 1. where, among the dignities of the church of Exeter, “Thesauraria, præter ecclesiam S. Probi (quæ taxatur in archidiac. Cornub.) xxl.”

[156] Ms. Valor, in offic. Primitiarum.

[157] Quære, Whether it ought not rather to be the rectory of Saltash in Cornwall, which now belongs to Windsor college.

[158] Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 19.

[159] Gervase of Cant. et Speed.

[160] Hen. Sulgrave, ms.

[161] Mon. Angl.

[162] Taxat. Lincoln. ms.

[163] Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 37.

[164] Gervase of Cant. “Monachi Nigri.”

[165] Montacute was of this order.

[166] Because mentioned by Gervase of Cant. The church of St. Carric or Karentocus was given to Montacute by their founder; as Mon. Angl. ii. p. 910.

[167] Leland. Itin. vol. vii. p. 121.

[168] Pat. 25 Ed. 3. p. 1. m.. where is the grant of a prebend in this church by the crown, “Ratione temporalium episcopatus Exon. in manu regis existen.” The advowson of the vicarage is certainly in the bishop of Exeter.

[169] Taxat. Lincoln, ms. 20 Ed. 1.

[170] Portionarius ecclesiæ S. Tethæ Cornub. 25 Ed. 1. Prynne, iii. p. 703.

[171] Ex informatione Reverendissimi Caroli nuper Episc. Carliol.

[172] Their church was consecrated in the second year of bishop Walter Bronscomb. Registr. Bronscomb.

[173] Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 27. where he calls them White friers; but he mentions them as Black friers, Itin. vol. vii. p. 120.

[174] Regist. Exon.

[175] Tax. Lincoln, ms.

[176] Registr. Exon. Ryley, p. 466. et Rot. 22 Ed. 1. but Leland [Collect. i. 76. Itin. vii. 120.] saith they were Cluny monks, by which name the foreign Benedictines were often called.

[177] Registr. Exon. Rymer, iv. 243. claus. 1 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 22. Not to St. Peter super Dynam Sagiensis diœc. as Rymer, viii. 106. et Mon. Angl. i. 1036.

[178] Leland. Itin. vol. iii. p. 14.

[179] Ibid. p. 6. Arundel of Lanhern of late taken to be founder.

[180] Ms. Stow.

[181] Ms. Corp. Christ. coll. Cant.

XI.

SOME DOCUMENTS RELATIVE TO THE PRIORY AT BODMIN.

Award of John Treffry, Thomas Brown, and others, in a Dispute between the Prior of Bodmyn and Richard Flamank, Esq., respecting Lands in Little Boscarn and Dynmur.

(Cart. Antiq. Harl. Mus. Brit. 57. A. 35.)

To all maner men that this present wrytyng comyth to, John Treffry efte Tremur, Thomas Brown, John Coche, and John Wythiell gretyng, Where diverse discencion, discordis and debatis weryn bytwene Alan priour of the priory of Bodmyn and his convent ther in the one party, and Richard Flamank esquier, in that other party, of and yn certeyn landys and tenementis with the appertenaunce in Litell Boscarn and Dynmur, of which landis and tenementis in Litell Boscarn there assise of novel disseisin hangith, and a writte of oyer and terminer of trespas supposed there afore John Hale and Richard Neweton, Justis of assise in the counte of Comwaill, assigned at the suyte of the said Richard agenst the saide priour and other. To whiche the saide Richard and the saide priour have putte ham yn arbitrement, ordinaunce, and juggement of ous forsaide Thomas and John Wythiell arbitrours in the party of the saide Richard chosen, and of ous forsaide John Tremur and John Coche arbitrours in the party of the saide priour chosen, to whiche arbitriment, ordinance, and juggement to stande and perfourme for the party of the saide Richard, Jamys Flamank ys bonden by his obligacion berynge date the Tywysday nexte after the Conversion of Seynt Paule the yeer of reigne of Kyng Harry the Sexte twolthe, to the saide priour in cc. pound. And the forsaide priour ys bounden by his obligacion beryng date the same day and yeere to the saide Jamys yn cc. pound to stande and perfourme in his party the saide arbitriment, ordinaunce, and juggement as yn the same obligacions more pleynly ys conteyned. Be hit to knowe to alle manner men by this present our endentours, that we arbitrours forsaide arbitre, ordeyne, and ajugge in the fourme as ensueth, that ys to wete, that the bounde that comyth thurgh the doune lyinge bytween the lande of the saide priour and the saide Richard, comynge to a stone standynge with oute a diche by Dynmur wode yclepyd Kenediche in the north side of the said diche ther of old tyme beynge abounde, ys and schall be a bounde bytwene the saide priour and his successors and the saide Richard and his heyres; and so goyng don to another stone standyng of olde tyme in a banke of a grype; and fro that stone into another stone beyng of olde tyme a bounde; and fro that stone to another stone by an oke, by ous new pighte, and so the saide diche and the grype beyng several to the saide Richard and to his heires, and so fro the ende of that grype righte to the north west corner of Dynmur brigge by a bounde that we have set, is and schall be the bounde bytwene the saide priour and his successours, and the saide Richard and his heyres. And the saide Rychard and his heyres schal have al the landys withynne the same diche and boundys; and the saide Priour and his successours schal have al the land, wode, and the mill called Dynmur mille, beynge with oute the saide diche, gripe, and boundis, and also the saide Richard and his heyres schall have alle the land bynethe the said brigge; and that the saide priour and his successours schall have fre outefluvie and curse of water fro the saide mille into the water of Alan, in the manner as it rennith nowe; and also the saide priour and his successours schall have fre goynge and comynge for him and for his servaunts to purge and clense alle the saide curse of water, and to caste the stonys and gravell, fenne and slyme, of the same lete, in bothe sidys uppon the lande of the same Richard, there to abide and not to cast ne hele the motys ne the kutte of the treys ther growynge, and yf eny treys wyxen uppon the sides of the same water, in letting other noysaunce of the curse or purgynge of the same water, thenne that the saide priour may do warne the saide Richard and his heyres to kutte and remove al suche treys, And but yf he so do with ynne sevene dayes after suche warnynge, that then it schal be lufful and lawfull to the saide priour and his successours and his servauntes to kutte and remove alle suche treys and leve on the grounde of the saide Richard. And also the saide priour, and his convent schal grante under har comune seal to the saide Jamys for his costages and for to be good frende to the saide priour and his successours havynge an annuyte of syxantwenty schelyng an eghte pans to be take yeerly, terme of his lyf, by the handys of the styward of the saide priour of the saide hous, who that ever be priour, at the festis of Nativite of Seynt John Baptiste and Cristismasse by evene portions, And if it be by hynde by a moneth after every terme forsaide, if it be asket by the saide Jamys other his servauntes that thenne it be lawfull to the forsaide Jamys in al the lands of Wythiellgoos to distreyne; and that distrece so take to imparke and inpounde it unto the tyme of the forsaide syxantwenty schelynge and eghte pans satisfaccion be ymade togeder with the arrerag, And also the forsaide priour and his successours schal holde perpetually onys a yeer, that ys to wetynge at Seynt Vincent ys day the obyt of Richard Flamank, Margaret his wyf, Jamys Flamank, and Elizabeth his wyff, and Anne the daughter of the saide Richard, and for all har good doerys, And also the forsaide Richard and Jamys Flamank and her heires schal leve al maner of suytes the whiche they have other maye have agenst the saide priour and convent and alle other men as twochinge the materys and causes forsaide, And also the saide priour and his successours schal leve al maner of suytes the whiche they haue other mowe haue against the forsaide Richard and Jamys Flamank, and all other men as twochynge the materys and causes forsaide. To whiche arbitriment, ordinaunce, and juggement, we foure arbitratours forsaide, to this our present endentours our seales haue y put her to wytnys. Thomas Moyle maior of the burgh of Bodmyn, John Corke, Thomas Bere of Bryn, John Nicoll, Walter Pole, John Peyntor, Thomas Daunant, and other. I wryte at Bodmyn awendysday nexte after the Conversion of Seynt Paule the year of reigne of our soveraygne lord Kynge Harry the Sexte twolthe.

Award in a Dispute between Thomas Bishop of Megarence and Prior of the House and Churche of our Lady and St. Petrok of Bodmyn, and John Flamank, respecting Rothyn More.

(Cart. Antiq. Har. 44. H. 20.)

To all true Cristen people to whom this present wrytyng indented shal come to see or rede, we William Carnsuyowe esquire, Nicholas Opy, and Cristofer Tredenek sende gretyng in our Lord God everlastyng; and wheere afore this tyme that stryff, debate, and variance hath byn hadde, movid, and yet hangith betwene the reverent fader in God Thomas bisshop of Megarence and prior of the house and church of our Lady and Seynt Petrok of Bodmyn in the right of the said house, of the oon parte, and John Flamank of Bocarun esquire, of the other parte, of and uppon the right, titill, and possession of certain landes called Savelyn More, otherwyse called Rothyn more, sett and liyng in the same more betwene the landes, tenementes and closes of the saide Fader in God of the west parte called Savelyn closes, and the landes, tenements, and closes of the said John Flamank called Rothyn, of the est parte, And for asmoche as the said more so in variance hath be so intrykyd with tynners ther wyrkyng nowe as in tymes passed, so that the bounds and waters rynnyng in the same that sumtyme weere bounds between the said parties, cannot be to us parfectly knowen, wheere vppon the saide parties stande bounde either to other in xl^{ti li} by ther severall oblicacions whois date is the last day of August in the x^{th} yere of the raigne of Kyng Harry the viij^{th}, to abyde the awarde and jugement of us the saide arbitrours of an uppon the premyses. Wheere uppon we the said arbitrours, the fyrst day of September the x^{th} yere of the raigne of Kyng Harry the viij^{th}, at the said more in variance called Rothyn more, called afore us the saide reverent fader in God and the saide John Flamank, and theere and then hyryng ther complynts, aunswers, reioynders, replicacions, and wyttenes in every part examyned by goode deliberacion and avisement, and also by the full aggrement and consent of both parties, fyrst we awarde, judge, and deme that all the tolle tyn that shall be wrought theere after the fest of Seynt Michell the arcangell nexte cornyng after this present date, in the said more, shall be equally divided and departed betweene the saide reverent fader and his successours, priores of the saide house, of the one halfe for ever, and the other halfe to the saide John Flamank and his heyres for ever, wiche shal be wrought withyn the bounds and merkes hereafter folowyng; that is to say, fro Rothyn brygge upward in all the saide More elonges by the water that comyth from Tregewan to the closes of the saide fader in God in the west side of the saide More to the closes and heyges of the saide John Flamank in the est side of the saide more called Rothyn, and so fro the saide brygge uppe alonge in the saide More to a certain bounde and merke theere now redy made by a thorne, viz., a stone of Bodyell gray with a hole in the hede pyzt ther by the said thorne, for a bounde, and no furder; and if hit fortune hereafter any tyn in ther severall grounde to ther owne use and no more in the same to departe. And also we saide arbitrours adjuge and awarde that all the pasture wode, fwell, and other casualties being or growyng within the precyncte of the boundes afore by us rehersyd, to be ocupied and devyded equally betwene the saide fader in God and his successours, and the saide John Flamank and his heyres for ever, and that the saide fader in God and his successours shal not cutt nor selle no wode nor fwell theere growyng, without the aggrement and consent of the saide John Flamank and his heyres, nayther the saide John Flamank and his heyres shal not cut nor selle no wode nor fwell there growyng within the precyncte of the saide bounde without the aggrement and consent of the saide fader in God and his successours priours of the same house. In wetenes wheereof to this our arbitrement we the foresaide William Carnsuyowe esquire, Nicholas Opy, and Cristofer Treederick, have sette our seales and subscribed with our handes. Ygeven at Bodmyn on the fest of Seynte Michell the arcangell in the yere and raigne of Kyng Harry the viij^{th} the x^{th} yere.

Per me WILLIELMUM CARNSUYELLE, Per me NICOLAUM OPY, Per me CRISTOPHORUM TREDENEK.

The Prior of Bodmyn to Mr. Lock, complaining that the Canons refuse to live up to the Rules set them by their Visitor.

(From the Orig. MS. Cotton. Cleop. E. IV. fol. 116.)

Maister Lok, I harttili recommend me unto you; so thankyng you for your gret kyndeness and payne that ye have take for me, which I trust wons God wyllyng to recompens. Syr, I am sore disquieted with a sort of unthryfty chanons, my convent, and there berars, which of long contynuans has lyvyd unthriftili, and agene the gode order of relygyon, to the grete sklaunder of the same, as all the contrey can tell; for the reformacyon thereof, the buschope yn hys late visitacyon gave cartayne and dyvers injuncions commandyng me straytle to see obseruyd and kept; which ar noo harder than our owne rule and profession byndis us, and as alle other relygyus men use and observe where gode relygion is observed and kept. Wherewith they be sore greved, and yntend the most parte of them to depart with capacitise, with owt my concent and wylle, and won of them hathe purchased a capacyte the last terme, without my lycence, which is agene the words of his capacite, wherefor I have restrayneyd his departyng, for no gret los that I showld have of hym, but for the yl example to other; for yf I should suffer this man to depart yn thys manner I shal have never a chanon to byde with me. I am sore threttyned with won Mr. Roger Arundell a gret berar and mayntynar of my bretherne agenst me, and the procurar of there capacites, to be browght before the kyngs graces honourable councell, for that I have not suffered this lewde chanon to depart with his capacite accordyng to there yntent. I pray you harttili to shew this mater to my gode Mr. Secretary desieryng hym, as my speciall trust ys yn hym yf, anney complaints cum to hym, as I dowt not but that there wol, yt may plese hym to refer the examynation of the mater to Sir John Arundell, Sir Peter Eggecumbe, Sir John Chamond, or any other discrete gentilmen yn the contrey what so ever, so that I cum not to London as there purpose ys, which showld be to gret a charge for me to bere, my hous beyng sore yndetted all redye. This gentilman hathe procured a commyssion, as I am informyd, to pull down a were longyng to my pore hows, which hathe stand up thes ccccc yere and more. If nede be I wol wryte more of this mater by Mr. Hill. Thus fare ye as wol as yoʳ gentil harte can thynke, and all my gode frends and loviers, to home pray you have harttili commendid. From 28 Maij by yoʳ owne for ever.

THOMAS prior there.

BODMYN.

(In a Book of Pensions remaining in the Augmentation Office.)

Hereafter ensuythe the namys of the late p^{r}or and convente of Bodmyn, in the countye of Cornwall, w^{t} the annuall pencons assigned unto them by vertue of the Kyngs highnes comyssion the xxvij^{th} daye of February in the XXX^{th} yere of the reigne of oʳ most drade souũeigne lorde Kyng Henry the viij^{th}, the furst payment of the saide pen[~co]ns and e[~v]y of them to begynne at the feaste of th’annūcia[~co]n of o^{r} blessed Lady next comyng for one q^{u}rrt, and so after, that to be payde ev’y halfe yere duryng their lyffs; according to the rate hereafter specyfied――

That is to say,

Furst, Tho[=m]s Wannysworth p^{r}or lxvj^{li} xiij^{s} iiij^{d} Richarde Olyver, supp^{i}o^{r} viij^{li} Richarde Luer, blynde and of th’age of one hundrethe yeres x^{li} & vj dussen wodes yerly. Benett Smythe vj^{li} Tho[=m]s Rosemonde vj^{li} John Wylcoke cvj^{s} viij^{d} Tho[=m]s Marshall cvj^{s} viij^{d} John Dagle cvj^{s} viij^{d} Michell Flemyng xl^{s} John Beste xl^{s} Tho[=m]s Rawlyns, blynde and aged, for his corrody yerly xl^{s} S[=m] of all the pen[~co]ns aforesaide cxviij^{li} xiij^{s} iiij^{d} Jᵒ TREGONWELL, WILLIAM PETRE, JOHN SMYTH.

Fiant pensiones religiosis predictis. RYCHARD RYCHE.

Valor Ecclesiasticus tempore Henr. VIII.

(From the First Fruits’ Office.)

Spiritualia.

Com. Cornubiæ. Bodmin Decim. Garb £7 2 3 Decim. Personal’ 6 4 1 Oblac’ ad Virginem Mariam 0 10 6 Mynfrey Decim. Garb 14 13 6 Cutberte Decim. Garb 17 10 0 Padistowe Decim. Garb 14 9 6 Decim. Pisc 4 0 0 Oblac 2 0 0 Lanhidiok Garb 4 2 0 Oblac 0 2 2 Decim. Personal 0 8 0 Aliis Profic’ ibidem 1 0 0 ―――――――――― £72 2 0

Temporalia.

Bodmyn, Lanhiderok, Fosnewith, et Bree. Redd. et Firm. £74 18 7 Pendewey Redd. et Firm. 24 0 0 Bodynell Redd. et Firm. 7 0 8 Wythiell Redd. et Firm. 11 12 5 Rialton Libera Redd. et Firm. 27 0 0 Infra Redd. et Firm. 22 0 0 Retergh Redd. et Firm. 10 13 4 Elynglase Redd. et Firm. 14 10 0 Padistowe Redd. et Firm. 10 7 5 Com. Devon. Newton Petrok Redd. et Firm. 7 9 6 Holcomb Redd. et Firm. 5 1 0 Vendic. Bosc 3 0 0 ―――――――――――― Summa Valoris, tam Spiritual’ quam Temporal’ £289 11 11 ============

Comput. Ministrorum Domini Regis temp. Hen. VIII.

(Abstract of Roll, 31 Hen. VIII. Augmentation Office.)

BODMIN PRIORATUS.

Com. Cornub. Bodmyn Scit’ cum Terr. Da[=n]ical’ Firm. £8 17 10 Bodmyn Maner’ cum Capell. de Langhidrocke Redd. libor’ Tenenc’ 7 0 0 Redd. tam Custom. quam Convenc’. Tenen 15 19 0 Braye Firma 1 6 8 Langcarne Firma 0 0 1 Newnam Firma 0 0 1 Langhydroke cum Capell. Firma 1 0 0 Bodmyn Terr. D[=n]ical. Firma 13 3 5 Bodmyn Villa Feod’ Firma 5 10 0 Perquis. Cur. 0 19 0 Pendevye Redd. tam Custom. quam Convenc’. Tenen 25 2 8 Perquis. Cur 0 8 0 Bodynyell Maner. Firma 5 0 0 Wythiell Maner. Firma 10 0 0 Rialton et Retargh Maner. cum hundred. de Petherschel al’ Pether Redd. Assis 83 1 7½ Firma Terr. D[=n]ical 15 6 8 Elynglas et Kelsey Maner. in quadam Insula voc’ the Gull Rock Firma 18 17 0 Newton Petrocke et Halcombe Firma 12 10 6 Paddestowe Maner. cum memb. ac cert. Terr. in Lanlesyke. Firma 20 8 6½ Bodmyn Menstre et Paddestowe Decim’ Garb. 54 0 0 Bodmyn Sanct. Cuthbert Decim’ Garb. 19 0 0 Decim’ Prædial et Minut. 6 4 1 Trenowe in Tyntagell Por[~co] Decim’ Garb. 0 6 8 Paddestow Firm. Decim. Pisc. &c. 10 0 0 Eglosayll’ Penc’ 2 0 0

XII.

EARLS OF CORNWALL.

The following account of the different individuals who have held the office of Prince or Earl of Cornwall from the earliest times, till the period of its becoming merely nominal, excepting as to emolument and patronage, with the new appellation of Duke, under the fantastic settlement of King Edward the Third, is derived from Dugdale’s Baronage.

EARLS OF CORNWALL ANTE CONQU:

Anno 499. Of this county was Gorlois Earl, in the time of Uther Pendragon, King of the Britons, of whom this is reported.[182] That Uther determining to solemnize the Feast of Easter at London, with great honor, appointed all his nobles to be thereat, amongst which, this Gorlois then was, together with Igerna his wife, whose beauty did surpass all other British women, so that the king fell in love with her, and courted her with all delicates; which being discerned by the Earl, he retired speedily into his country without leave; the king, therefore, being highly incensed against him for so doing, hasted after him into Cornwall, and fired divers of his towns, and at length besieged him at Dimilioch, provoked him to come out to battle, which he did so inconsiderately, he being one of the first mortally wounded, his followers disperst themselves. After whose death the king took Igerna to wife, and begot on her a son, called Arthur, who became afterwards not a little famous.

Anno 517. The next Earl was Cador,[183] who when King Arthur had besieged Colgrine, the Saxon General in the City of York, understanding that Baldulph the brother of Colgrine, expecting the coming of more Saxons upon the sea coast, designed to fall upon King Arthur in the night time, Arthur having notice thereof by his scouts, sent this valiant Cador with six hundred horse, and three thousand foot, who, meeting the enemy unexpectedly, slew many of them, and routed the rest.

Anno 520. About three years after,[183] upon another invasion of the Saxons, and a great battle fought with them near Bathe in Somersetshire, wherein Colgrine and Baldulph (before mentioned) lost their lives; and Cheldric the other principal leader of them, with the remaining part of their forces, were put to flight, this Earl Cador, by King Arthur’s command, pursued them into the Isle of Thanet, slew Cheldric, and forced the rest to yield themselves to his mercy.

Anno 542. This noble Cador left issue Constantine,[183] whom King Arthur at his death appointed to be his successor in his kingdom of Britain.

The next Earl was Godric,[184] of whom I have seen no other mention than that Egelwold, sometime King of England, leaving no other issue that survived him, but one daughter, named Goldusburgh, (six years of age at his death) committed her to the tuition of this Godric, who afterwards gave her in marriage to Haveloc, son to Birkelan King of Denmark.

In the time of King Æthelred, Ailmer, or Æthelmare, (for so he was also called) was Earl of this county, who being a person of singular piety, founded[185] first of all the Abbey of Cerne in Dorsetshire, in the days of King Edgar, and had so great a veneration to the memory of Eadwan, brother of S. Edmund the Martyr, who led[185] an hermit’s life in Dorsetshire,[186] before mentioned, near to a certain spring called the Silver Well, that with the help of Dunstan (Archbishop of Canterbury) he translated his relics to the old church of Cernel, then the parish church.

After this, scil. in An. 1005 (in the time of King Ethelred,) he founded[187] the Abbey of Eynesham in Oxfordshire, and likewise[188] the Priory of Bruton in Somersetshire, (all Monks of the Benedictine Order) which he amply endowed, as by the authorities which I have here cited will appear; though in that of Bruton, canons of S. Augustine were afterwards placed.

This Ailmer was[189] also Earl of Devonshire, under which title, in the year 1013, when[189] Suane, King of Denmark, overrun the greatest part of the land with his army, and forced King Ethelred to betake himself unto the city of Winchester for refuge, he with all the great men of the West, fearing the tyranny of the Danes, submitted[189] themselves to Suane, and gave hostages[189] for their peaceable obedience unto him. And about three years after this, when King Edmond Ironside fought so stoutly against King Canute, (son to the same Suane) he joining[190] with that traitorous Eadric Streone, Earl of Mercia, and Earl Algar, adhered[190] to Canute.

Of his issue there nothing more appeareth, than that he left a son[191] called Æthelward, who in the year 1018 was killed[191] by King Canute, together with that great traitor Eadric Streone, Earl of Mercia.

ROBERT, EARL OF CORNWALL.

To this Earldom was Robert, Earl[192] of Moreton in Normandy,[192] brother to King William by the mother, shortly[192] after the Conquest advanced, and had other great honours given[192] him in this realm.

In the time of King William Rufus, taking[193] part with his brother Odo, Earl of Kent, in that insurrection on the behalf of Robert Curthose, he held[194] the castle of Pevensey on that account; but so soon as the King laid siege thereto, rendered[194] it up to him, and made his peace.

This Earl having had[195] the standard of Saint Michael carried before him in battle, as the words of his charter do import (under which it is to be presumed he had been prosperous) did, out of great devotion to God and the Blessed Virgin, for the health of his soul and the soul of his wife, as also for the soul of the most glorious King William (for those are his expressions) give[196] the Monastery of S. Michael, at the Mount in Cornwall, unto the Monks of S. Michael de Periculo Maris in Normandy, and to their successors in pure alms.

To the Abbey of Grestein in Normandy[197] founded by Herlwine de Contevill, his father, he was a great benefactor, for he gave[198] thereunto the lordships of Gratings and Broteham in Suffolk, and the tithe of Cambis, as also his lands at Saisinton in Cambridgeshire; which place of Gratings (now Cretings) was a cell to that foreign monastery. He likewise[198] gave thereto the manor of Wilminton in Sussex, where also there was a cell for monks of that religious house; and in Ferlis[198] five hides of lands. In Pevensel he gave[198] them the house of one Engeler; and in his Forest of Pevensel, granted to them pannage and herbage, with timber for repair of their churches and houses, as also fuel for fire.

He gave moreover to that Abbey of Grestein half the fishing of Langeney, and the whole tithe of that fishing, as also the churches of Eldene, Wesdene, and Ferles, and one hide of land at Heetone. But whereas he found that the greatest part of the possessions which belonged to the Priory of St. Petroc at Bodmin in Cornwall, founded by King Æthelstan, had been[199] taken from the same, and enjoyed by canons secular, he therefore seised[199] upon the remainder, and converted them to his own use.

When he departed this world, I do not find; but if he lived after William Rufus so fatally lost his life by the glance of an arrow in New Forest from the bow of Walter Tirell; then was it unto him that this strange apparition happened, which I shall here speak of, otherwise it must be to his son and successor Earl William,――the story[200] whereof is as followeth. In that very hour that the king received that fatal stroke, the Earl of Cornwall being hunting in a wood distant from that place about two ―――― and left alone by his attendants, was accidentally met by a very great black goat, bearing the king all black, and naked, and wounded through the midst of his breast; and adjuring the goat by the Holy Trinity to tell what that was he so carried, he answered, “I am carrying your King to judgment, yea that tyrant William Rufus, for I am an evil spirit, and the revenger of his malice which he bore to the church of God, and it was I that did cause this his slaughter; the protomartyr of England, St. Alban, commanding me so to do; who complained to God of him for his grievous oppressions in this Isle of Britain, which he first hallowed,” all which the Earl related soon after to his followers.

This Earl Robert took to wife[201] Maud, daughter to Roger de Montgomery (Earl of Shrewsbury) which Maud was also a great benefactress to the Monks of Grestine in Normandy, by the gift[202] of Conoc, consisting of ten hides, and two hides in Bodingham, with the church of that place, as also one house in London, with all customs thereto belonging. Moreover, she gave[202] unto them two and thirty hides of land which she had of Roger de Montgomery her father, viz. at Harinton eight, at Mersen eleven, at Hiteford six, at Langeberge two, at Tavistone three and an half, and at Clavendon three yards land.

By this Maud he had issue[203] WILLIAM, who succeeded him in these earldoms of Moreton and Cornwall, and three daughters, whose Christian names are not expressed; whereof the first was wife[203] to Andrew de Vitrei; the Second to[203] Guy de la Val; the third to the Earl of Thoulouse, brother to Raymond Count of St. Giles, who behaved himself so valiantly in the Jerusalem expedition.

The lands whereof he was possessed at the time of the Conqueror’s Survey,[204] were in Sussex, fifty-four manors, besides the borough of Pevensel; in Devonshire seventy-five, besides a church and a house in Exeter; in Yorkshire an hundred and ninety-six; in Wiltshire five; in Dorsetshire forty-nine; in Suffolk ten; in Hantshire one; in Middlesex five; in Oxfordshire one; in Cambridgeshire five; in Hertfordshire thirteen; in Buckinghamshire twenty-nine; in Gloucestershire one; in Northamptonshire ninety-nine; in Nottinghamshire six; and in Cornwall two hundred and forty-eight, having two castles, one at Dunhevet, the other at Tremeton.

William, succeeding Earl Robert his father in the earldom of Moreton in Normandy, and this of Cornwall, being a person[205] of a malicious and arrogant spirit from his childhood, envied the glory of King Henry the First; and not contented with those two earldoms, demanded from King Henry the earldom of Kent as his right, which earldom his uncle Odo (the Bishop) formerly had, giving out[205] privately, that he would not put on his robe, unless that inheritance which he challenged by descent from his uncle might be restored to him, unto which demand, the King at first, considering[205] his own unsettled condition, gave[205] a subtile and dilatory answer; but when[205] he discerned that those clouds, from whence he doubted a storm, were over, he not only denied[205] his request, but began to question him for whatsoever he possessed unrightfully; yet (that he might not seem to oppose what was just) modestly yielding[205] that he should have a lawful trial for the same; but with that judicial sentence, which thereupon ensued, this Earl being highly displeased, in a great rage got over into Normandy, and there besides some fruitless attempts which he made against the King’s castles, having an evil eye towards Richard Earl of Chester (son of Hugh) made[206] no little spoil upon his lands, though he was then but a child, and in the King’s tutelage; from which time, together with Robert de Bellesme, Earl of Shrewsbury, he ceased not[206] to foment a rebellion in those parts. Anno 1103.

4th H. I. 1104. The king therefore discerning these his practises, seised[207] upon all his possessions here in England, razed[208] his castles to the ground, and banished[208] him this realm.

And not long after passing[208] over into Normandy to quench those flames which these two earls had made by joining with Robert Curthose (who thought himself injured, that his younger brother Henry had made himself King,) subdued[208] (anno 1106) all that power which there appeared against him, and at length laid siege to Tenerchebray (a town belonging to this[208] Earl). For the raising whereof Duke Robert with this William, and Robert de Belesme, and many other came[209] with a great army, where a short fight[210] ensued, this earl leading[211] the van, and Robert de Belesme the rear; and of the king’s army, Ranulf de Bajorsis (an eminent baron) the van, and Robert Earl of Mellent the rear. The armies thus disposed, our Earl William made the[212] onset upon Ranulf with extraordinary courage, but could not break through his troops, they stood so stoutly to it. The front on both sides thus maintaining their ground, Helias Earl of Maine, (on the King’s part) fell upon the flank of the enemy’s foot, who being not well armed, were soon shattered, which disorder, being observed by Robert de Bellesme, he began to fly with the rear; whereupon, the King soon obtained an absolute victory, the duke himself being made prisoner, and all his principal adherents, amongst which, this Earl, being taken by the Britains, from whose hands the king and his friends had much ado to get him, was sent prisoner into England, there to be secured during his life.[213] After which, the king causing his eyes to be put out, bestowed[214] his earldom of Moreton upon Stephen of Blois (son of Stephen Earl of Champaine), whom he then honoured with knighthood, who was after King of England.

This Earl William built[215] the castle of Montacute in Somersetshire, and called it by that name from the sharpness of the hill on which he did set it, and likewise founded[216] a priory near thereto, which he amply endowed, annexing it as a cell to the Abbey of Cluny in Burgundy.

He also gave[217] to the Abbey of Bee in Normandy his lordship of Preston in the Rape of Pevensel in Sussex, and was buried[218] in the Abbey of Bermondsey in Southwark; but when he died, I find no mention, nor of either wife or issue that he had.

REGINALD EARL OF CORNWALL.

This Reginald was[219] one of the illegitimate sons of King Henry the First, (begotten, as it is generally believed,[220] on the daughter of Robert Corbet,) and surnamed[221] de Dunstanvill.

In 3 Stephen, he was a stout adherer[221] to Maud the Empress, against Stephen; but afterwards falling off, was in anno 1140 (5 Steph.) made[222] Earl of Cornwall by that king. Howbeit, after this, being surprised in Cornwall, at a certain castle then in the power of the king, by one William Fitz Richard (a person of a noble extraction and ample fortune in those parts) violating his faith to that king, he married the daughter of this William,[223] and thereupon reduced that whole country to his will, grievously oppressing all the king’s party, and not sparing what was sacred, insomuch as he underwent the sentence of ex-communication for so doing by the Bishop of Exeter. The king therefore hearing of these his rebellious practices, marched suddenly thither with a powerful army, and recovering those strong-holds by him gained, committed[224] them to the trust of Earl Alan (of Richmond).

After this, scil. in 6 Steph. he was[225] in that fatal battle of Lincoln, against King Stephen; but ere long, the tide turning, by the success which the king had in taking[226] the Castle of Forandune, in com. Berks, which Robert Earl of Gloucester had built on the behalf of the empress, being by her sent with overtures of peace to the king, he was taken by Philip, a younger son to that earl, who had revolted to the king’s side.

After which time I find no more mention of him till 2 Henry II. that he had the lordship of Meleburne, in com. Somerset, given[228] him by King Henry, as also[229] the manors of Karswill and Depeford, with the hundreds.

In 10 Henry II. he endeavoured (for the king’s honour as it is said) a reconciliation betwixt King Henry and Thomas Becket, then Archbishop of Canterbury; which not taking effect, he was the next year sent[231] to visit him in his sickness, and after that to[232] acquaint him with the judgment given against him.

Furthermore, upon the levying of that aid, in 12 Henry II. for marrying the king’s daughter, he certified[233] his knights’ fees to be two hundred and fifteen and a third part in Cornwall and Devonshire; for which, in 14 Hen. II. he paid[234] two hundred and fifteen marks, 4s. 5d. besides[234] £59. 6s. 8d. for the knights’ fees of Richard (de Redvers) Earl of Devon.

Moreover, in 19 Henry II. upon that rebellion of Robert Earl of Leicester, on the behalf of young Henry (the king’s son), he marched[235] against him (with the Earl of Gloucester) to St. Edmondsbury, and the year following joined with[236] Richard de Luci (at that time Justice of England) in the siege of Leicester, then held out by the forces of the earl, which town they took,[236] though not the castle.

This Earl Reginald, for the health of the soul of King Henry his father, gave[237] to the monks in the Isle of Sully, all the wreck of sea happening upon that island, excepting Wales, and any whole ship. And departing[238] this life at Certesey in anno 1175 (21 Hen. II.) was buried[238] at Reading, having issue four daughters, viz. ―――― married[239] to Richard de Redvers, Lord of the Isle of Wight; Maud, to[240] Robert Earl of Mellent; Ursula, to[240] Walter de Dunstanvill; and Sarah, to[241] the Viscount of Limoges, who had,[241] in frank marriage with her, the moiety of the manor of Thiwernhy in Cornwall.

He also left issue[242] two sons, but illegitimate; the one called[242] Henry FitzCount, begotten[242] on the body of Beatrix de Vaus, lady of Torre and Karswell; which Henry, through the bounty of King Henry the Second, had a grant[242] of the whole county of Cornwall, as also of[242] the manors of[242] Bradeneth and Ocford, with other lands in com. Devon, and the lordship of Karswell, by the gift[242] of Beatrix his mother.

The other son was called[242] William.

Upon the death of this Reginald, the king retained[243] the Earldom of Cornwall in his own hands, and likewise all his lands in England and Wales, for the use of John his own son (afterwards king), excepting[243] a small proportion to his daughters before mentioned.

I come now to Henry (the older of his illegitimate sons) in regard he was a person of note in his time.

This Henry, by the name[244] of Henry FITZ-COUNT, had in 4 Joh. an assignation[244] of £20 (current money of Anjou) for his support in that king’s service at Roan; and about that time gave[245] twelve hundred marks for the lands of William de Traci, which lands Hugh de Curtenai and Henry de Traci afterwards enjoyed.

In 17 Joh. this Henry had from the king a grant[246] of the whole county of Cornwall, with the demesnes, and all other its appurtenances, to farm, until the Realm should be in peace, and the king clearly satisfied whether he ought to hold it by right of inheritance, or as part of the demesne of the crown; and being then made constable[247] of the castle at Lanceston, rendered[247] up the government of the castle of Porcestre, which he had formerly held. Moreover, by the assent[248] of that king, he held[248] the town and castle of Totneis, as also[248] the manors of Corneworth and Lodeswell, which Reginald de Braose formerly had by the grant of King Henry the Second. And 1 Hen. III. obtained another grant[249] of the county of Cornwall, with all its appurtenances, to hold in as full and ample manner as Reginald Earl of Cornwall held it, and not to be disseised thereof, but by judgment of the King’s Court.

In 4 Hen. III. it appears[250] that he stood indebted to the king in five hundred ninety-seven pounds and one mark, which was due by him to King John for the honour of Braeles (alias Broeneis), and that the same year disobeying[251] the king’s commands, as also stubbornly departing[251] the court without leave, the king discharged all his subjects,[251] and in particular those of Cornwall, from having anything to do with him. Howbeit, soon after, through the mediation[251] of the Bishops of Norwich, Winchester, and Exeter, as also[251] of Hubert de Burgh (then Justice of England) and some others, giving[252] up the Castle of Lanceston, and the county of Cornwall, with all the homage and services thereto belonging, as fully as King John enjoyed them at the beginning of the war which he had with his barons, his peace[252] was then made with a salvo jure, &c. saving the right he pretended to for that county, wherein the king was to do him justice when he should come of age.

But that as it seems was never done: for certain it is that the king did not arrive to his full age till long after the death of this Henry, it being evident[253] that he died about two years after, viz. in 6 Hen. III. whereupon command was given to the Sheriff of Cornwall, that he should permit his executors to enjoy all his goods, and likewise the rents of all his lands whereof he was possessed when he went to Hierusalem for the full term, for all those who were signed with the cross.

It is by some thought that this Henry succeeded his father in the Earldom of Cornwall, in regard that King Henry the Third in the first year of his reign granted to him the county of Cornwall, with all its appurtenances, as is above expressed. But considering that the title of earl was never attributed to him after that time, I cannot conceive anything more passed by that grant, than the barony or revenue of that county. For it is observable, that in patent[254] to Richard Duke of Gloucester, by King Edward the Fourth, whereby he grants him Castrum, Comitatum, Honorem, et Dominium Richmundiæ, there passed no more than the mere Seignorie, otherwise he would not have omitted the title of Earl thereof amongst his styles. The like may be noted of Raphe Earl of Westmerland, who had Castrum, Comitatum, Dominium, et Honorem Richmundiæ granted[255] to him by King Henry the Fourth, yet never enjoyed the title of Earl of Richmond.

RICHARD EARL OF CORNWALL.

Of this county, Richard, a younger son to King John (for he calls him[256] filius noster) had the title of Earl in the time of King Henry the Third. Of him the first mention I find is in 16 Joh. the king then directing his precept[257] to Peter de Rupibus, Bishop of Winchester, (at that time Justice of England) for livery (though then very young) of all the lands of Roese de Dovor, whom he had married,[257] she being in the custody[257] of William de Brewer; but not long after this (notwithstanding his tender years) he was, in 1 H. III. constituted governor[258] of Chileham Castle in Kent, and the next ensuing year obtained a grant[259] from the king of the honour of Walingford.

Moreover, in 5 Hen. III. he had a grant[260] of the honour of Eye, to hold during pleasure, (which shortly after was rendered to the Duke of Lovain, the right owner thereof); and in 9 Hen. III. had the like grant[261] of the custody of the county of Cornwall (id est the sherevalty) during the king’s pleasure, Henry de Berkering being his substitute.

In this 9th year of Henry III. he was girt[262] with the sword of knighthood, upon Candlemas Day, with ten other noble persons who were designed for his service; and soon after accompanied[263] William Longespe, Earl of Salisbury, (his uncle,) into Gascoigne, having letters of[263] recommendation from the King to the Archbishop and Citizens of Burdeaux, who gladly welcoming him thither, assisted[263] him with their best advice for recovery of those lost territories; whereupon he raised[264] forces in all those parts, having had from the king (before he set out of England) a grant of the county of Cornwall, with all Poictou, for which respect he was generally called[264] Earl of Poictou; and marching into the country, in a short time subjugated[264] all those places by force which declined to do homage to him, receiving a supply[265] of Welsh from hence, with a large[265] sum of money.

It is reported,[266] that whilst he lay at the siege of the castle of Riole, hearing of the approach of the Earl of March, he divided his army, and with part thereof, keeping the seige with the rest, gave him battle, and obtained an absolute victory, whereby he gained all their baggage, and took many prisoners; and not long after this, having merited so well by these his successful beginnings, upon the third day of Pentecost (id est, 3 calend. Junii, 11 Hen. III.) was advanced to[267] the title and dignity of Earl of Cornwall, at Westminster, with great solemnity.

But within a while after there grew much difference[268] betwixt him and the king his brother, touching a certain lordship given to Waleran Teutonicus (id est, Ties) by King John, which he alleged[268] to be parcel of the Earldom of Cornwall, and caused possession to be taken of it for himself; whereupon, Waleran making a complaint, the king first wrote to him about it, and then sent for him, commanding the render thereof, which he refused to do, challenging the judgment of his peers as to matter of right. Whereat the king took such offence that he required him forthwith to do it, or depart the realm; unto which he answered, that he would not deliver up the land, nor, without the sentence of his peers, go out of the kingdom; and in great discontent departing went[268] to his own house; which breach betwixt the king and him caused Hubert de Burgh (then justice of England, and in chief power at court) to advise the king to surprise him in his bed the next night following, lest he should raise a disturbance in the realm; but being privily advertised of that design, he fled immediately away, making no stop till he got[269] to Reading; and thence hasting to Marlborough, there found his trusty friend William Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke, unto whom having made relation of what had passed, they took their course to the Earl of Chester; and being thus got together, through the power and interest of their friends raised a potent army, making their rendezvous at Stanford, whence they sent a minatory message to the king, but imputing all the fault to Hubert de Burgh, requiring a confirmation of that charter of the forest which had been cancelled at Oxford. The king, therefore, discerning this cloud, appointed a meeting at Northampton upon the third of the nones of August next following, assuring them that he would there do full right unto all; where meeting accordingly, for their better satisfaction (amongst other his condescensions) he gave this Earl Richard his mother’s dowry, with all the lands in England which did appertain to the Earl of Britanny, as also those which belonged to the Earl of Bolein, then deceased[270]; whereupon, he had livery[271] of the whole county of Rutland. And in 15 Henry III. obtained another grant[272] of the inheritance of the honour of Walingford, with the castle and all its appurtenances, as also the manor of Watlington, to hold by the service of three knights’ fees; likewise, of all the lands in England[272] which Queen Isabell (the king’s mother) held in dower, and of those which belonged to Robert de Drewes, and to the Duke of Lorrain (at that time seised into the king’s hands), to hold until such time as the king should restore them.

Moreover, he then procured another grant[272] of the whole county of Cornwall, with the stanneries and mines, to be held of the king and his heirs by the service of two knights’ fees, bearing at that time the title[272] of Earl of Cornwall and Poictou. And before the end of that year, (viz. in the month of April,) the solemnity of the Feast of Easter being finished, took[273] to wife Isabell, Countess of Gloucester, widow of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, and sister to William Mareschal, then Earl of Pembroke; likewise the same year he obtained a grant[274] of the manor, castle, and honour of Knaresburgh, in com. Ebor. to himself and the issue of his body by the same Isabell, to hold by the service of two knights’ fees.

Nor was he less eminent for his military knowledge than for those his great advancements in riches and honour; for in 20 Henry III. ambassadors from the Emperor came[275] to the king to desire that he might be sent to make war on his behalf against the French; but the king (though then married) having no child, answered,[275] that it could not stand with reason or safety that a person so young, and especially at that time being the heir apparent to the crown, should be employed on such an hazardous adventure, offering them the choice of any other. Nevertheless, before[276] the end of that year, this earl (with Gilbert Marshal, then Earl of Pembroke, and divers other great men) took[276] upon him the cross for a journey to the Holy Land; and for the better furnishing himself with money, sold many of his woods; but notwithstanding this resolution, he went not at that time, for the next year following, (viz. 21 Hen. III.) the king being seduced by the advice of aliens, and having wasted his treasure, required[277] a great supply from his subjects, which being granted and put into the hands of aliens to be transported, occasioned[278] high discontents; this earl, therefore, dealt freely with him, and represented to him the danger thereof; and though he found that what he then said availed little, ceased not the next year following to continue[278] his good advice, and in particular to tell him how ill he had done in permitting Simon de Montfort to marry the Countess of Pembroke his sister; which free and plain dealing with the king did not at all alienate his affections from him, for shortly after, viz. in 23 Hen. III. he obtained a grant[279] of the Castle of Lidford and Forest of Dertmore in fee; before the end of which year, meeting[280] with divers of the nobility at Northampton, they did there by oath oblige[280] themselves to go forthwith into the Holy Land for the service of God and the church.

Taking his leave therefore (soon after) of the bishops and divers others of the nobles at Reading, (there met by the appointment of the Pope’s Legate,) many of them wept,[281] in regard he was a person wholly minding the public welfare; whereupon, he told[282] them, that had he not made his vow, he would go rather than stay to see the approaching miseries fall upon this realm; and having prepared[283] all things ready for his journey, came[283] to the Abbey of St. Alban’s, where, in full chapter, he desired[283] the prayers of that whole convent for his good success, then went[283] to London, and took his leave[283] of the king, the legate, and nobles, and so hasted to Dovor; whence, soon after arriving in France, he was nobly received[284] by the king of that realm, and his mother, who sent[284] the marshall to conduct him through that country, and to entertain him in all places honourably thence to Avinion, where he had also free and great entertainment; then to[285] Vienna, whence he intended to take shipping for Arles; and being in those parts, was met by[286] the Earl of Provence, (whose daughter King Henry had married,) and so hasted to[286] the city of St. Giles, there to do his devotions, and receive the benediction of the monks of that place, which done he gave them twenty marks; but before he went thence, there came[287] to him a legate from the Pope (with the Archbishop of Arles) to inhibite[287] him from proceeding further on his journey, which he took so ill (being fully resolved thereon, and fitted accordingly), that he refused[288] both to obey their authority, and to hearken to their dissuasions. Seeing, therefore, all their endeavours in vain, they would have persuaded him to take shipping at the port called the Deadwater, but that he liked not, and so entered[289] the Mediterranean at Marseilles.

In anno 1241, (25 Hen. III.) being come into the Holy Land, he accepted of a truce with the Souldan of Babylon, upon condition[290] that the French who were prisoners there might be released, and that Jerusalem, with all the parts adjacent, should be free from any molestation, as also upon divers other articles honourable to the Christians. And the next year following, viz. 26 Hen. III. returned; the king, therefore, having intelligence thereof, with the queen, met[291] him at Dovor.

Soon after which, a Parliament being held at Westminster, where all the nobles were met, this earl was sent[292] to them by the king (with the provost of Beverley) to desire their advice for the recovery of his inheritance in Normandy and other parts of France. But finding that the king did not incline to follow the counsel of those who sought the general honour and good of himself and the realm, after some sharp dispute with him thereon, he associated himself with the Earls Marshal, Hereford, and some others, and took[293] shipping for France.

Before this time, it was, saith[294] my author, that the king, by the advice of his nobles, having given him the whole province of Gascoigne, he went thither, and showing his charter received the homages of that people, and after some years by another charter had a confirmation of that grant; but afterwards, when the queen was delivered of a son, that she so far prevailed with the king as he should reassume his grant, and give it to the prince, and that thereupon, this earl grew much displeased, insisting still upon his right, though he had thus lost the possession. Moreover, that the king being then in Gascoigne, and finding the people wavering in their obedience, not well knowing which way to lean, he did in great wrath require this earl to resign his grant, and to quit his whole right thereto. Also, that finding him refractory, he gave command that the men of Bordeaux should seize upon him by night and imprison him, which they refused to do, partly in respect of his birth, and partly by reason they had done homage to him. And, furthermore, seeing he could not prevail with them that way, he corrupted some with gifts to effect his desires, viz. to lay hands on him as a rebel, and cast him in prison; also, that having advertisement thereof (then lodging in the monastery of S. Cross at Bourdeaux) he got privily on shipboard to come for England, but without provisions or any necessaries for the journey; and lastly, (to add to his affliction,) that he was so tossed with a fearful tempest, as that being in no little peril of shipwreck, he made a vow to found an abbey for monks of the Cistercian order, in case he should safe arrive in England.

The next thing memorable of him is, that having taken another journey to the Holy Land (with William Longespe, Earl of Salisbury), he returned[295] thence, in anno 1422, (26 Hen. III.) and accompanied[295] the king into Gascoigne, in aid of Hugh le Brun, Earl of March (who had married the king’s mother), and was[295] with him in that battle near Xant against the King of France; after which, the next ensuing year, he married[296] Senchia, daughter of Reymund Earl of Provence, sister to the Queen, the wedding being kept at Westminster with great pomp, whom he endowed[297] at the church door with the third part of all his lands, whereof he then stood possessed, or should afterwards acquire, the castle and manor of Berkhampstead being part; and shortly after, keeping his Christmas[298] at Walingford, entertained the[298] king and most of the nobility there with extraordinary feasting.

In 30 Hen. III. the templars and hospitalers electing[299] many secular persons into their societies for succour of the Holy Land, and defence of those castles then besieged there, this earl sent[299] them a thousand pounds towards that good work. And the same year, in accomplishment[300] of his vow formerly made, founded[300] a Cistercian abbey at Hales (near Winchcombe, in com. Gloc.) causing also the church of Beaulieu (which his father King John had founded) to be then dedicated. Moreover, in anno 1247, (31 Hen. III.) by authority[301] from the Pope, he gathered[301] vast sums of money from those who were signed with the cross. And the next year following, through importunity with the king, obtained[302] that no clipt money should be current.

In anno 1250, (34 Henry III.) passing[303] through France with a pompous retinue, viz.[303] forty knights, all in rich liveries, five waggons, and fifty sumpter horses, (his lady and his son Henry being also with him,) the pope being then at Lyons, sent[304] all his cardinals, except one, besides a number of clerks, to meet him, and conduct him thither, and there receiving him with great respect, feasted[304] him at his own table. Being returned[304] from thence in anno 1251, (35 Hen. III.) on the eve of St. Leonard, he caused the Church of Hales to be dedicated[304] with great solemnity; which, with extraordinary costs, he had so founded, as is before observed. And in 36 Hen. III. obtained a grant[305] of the Manor of Ocham in Rutland (sometime belonging to Isabel de Mortimer), in part of payment of five hundred pounds due to him from the king, upon the marriage of Senchia his wife, to hold to himself and the heirs of his body by her.

Moreover, the next ensuing year, Albert, a clerk, coming[306] over into England from the Pope, made offer to him of the kingdom of Apulia, of which he refused[306] to accept, unless he might have some cautionary places of strength, as also hostages, for securing his possession. And in 38 Hen. III. the king then going into Gascoigne he was joined[307] with the queen in the government here during his absence, in which year he exacted vast sums of money from the Jews for the king’s use.

It is observed,[308] that in anno 1255, (39 Hen. III.) upon a full meeting of the nobles in Parliament at Westminster, the king specially applied himself to this earl by a formal speech for a large supply of money, viz. forty thousand pounds, the pope having also written letters to him for that purpose, signifying that he should therein give a good example to others; but herein he answered neither of their expectations. And being a person of high repute for his heroic and noble endowments, about two years after (in the parliament[309] held at London on the Feast of the Nativity), certain nobles of Almaine being arrived here, represented[309] to the whole baronage of England then met, that by unanimous consent of the princes of the empire he was elected King of the Romans, shewing letters testimonial for further manifestation thereof; soon after which, the Archbishop of Cologne, with divers others of the nobles of that country, came[310] likewise hither, and did homage[310] to him; whereupon, he gave[310] them five hundred marks towards their travelling expenses, as also a rich mitre, adorned with precious stones; which so pleased the archbishop, that he said[310] thus, as he hath put this mitre on my head, I will put the crown of Almaine on his.

In order whereunto, taking leave[310] of his friends on the third day in Easter week, he committed[310] himself to the prayers of the religious, and began his journey towards Yarmouth, there to take shipping, leaving the charge[311] of his castles and lands in England to the Bishop of London, and arriving shortly at Aquisgrave, was there crowned[312] king upon Ascension day.

Having thus received that great honour, he returned[313] thence the next year after, and landed[313] at Dovor upon the day of S. Julian, where the king met him with much joy. After this, during his stay here, he made great preparation for his journey back to receive the crown of the Empire, which the pope underhand endeavoured[314] to obtain for him.

But that which I have next observed to be most memorable of him is, that upon that grand rebellion of those haughty spirited barons, then headed by Montfort Earl of Leicester and Clare Earl of Gloucester, he then adhered stoutly[315] to the king; and in 48 Henry III. marched with him to Northampton, where the chief strength of all their forces at that time were met together, and that he assisted[315] him in the siege and taking of that town, as also that, pursuing their dissipated forces into Sussex, (where the Londoners, with all their power recruited them,) he commanded[316] the body of the king’s army in that fatal battle of Lewes, where he shared with him in the unhappy success of that day, being there taken prisoner. Lastly, that (in anno 1267, 51 Hen. III.) he went[317] again into Germany, and there married[317] Beatrix, niece to the Archbishop of Cologne. And in 55 Hen. III. was made[318] Governor of Rockingham Castle, in com. Northampton, and Warden of the Forest.

Having thus done with the chief of his secular actings and employments, I now come to his works of piety.

Besides his foundation of the Abbey of Hales (whereof I have already made mention) he likewise founded[319] that of Rewley (of the same order) in the suburbs of Oxford; and moreover granted[320] to the monks of Bec, in Normandy, that all their tenants within the precincts of the honour of Walingford should be exempted from suit of court to that honour, provided that his bailiff of Walingford should every year keep a court leet for the manor of Okebourne within the bounds of the priory there (which was a cell to Bec), to see that the king’s peace should be duly kept, and that the benefit arising by that leet should redound to those monks of Okebourne, they entertaining the bailiff of Walingford with three or four horse of his retinue at their charge for that day.

Furthermore, he gave[321] to the canons of the Holy Trinity at Knaresburgh, for the health of his soul and the souls of his ancestors, the chapel of S. Robert at Knaresburgh, with the advowson of the church at Hamstwait, confirming all those grants which King John had given thereto, with divers other lands of great extent. And to the monks of St. Michael’s Mount in Cornwall, gave[322] ten shillings rent due to him for St. James Fair, kept yearly near to the Mount.

Having thus acted a long part on the theatre of this world with great honour, after a tedious sickness[323] at his manor of Berkhampstead, in com. Herts, he died[324] upon the fourth of the nones of April, anno 1172 (56 Hen. III.) whereupon his heart was buried[325] in the Gray Friars at Oxford, under a sumptuous pyramid, and his body[325] in the Abbey of Hales, so founded by him as before hath been observed.

By his first wife Roese de Dovor, he had no issue, she taking another husband, as it seems, when she arrived to years of consent.

By Isabel the second (widow of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester), he had issue four sons, viz. John,[326] Henry,[326] Richard, and Nicholas,[327] (of which Henry I shall say more by and by), John and Richard departing this life in their infancy, and Nicholas, with his mother, in[328] childbed. Also a daughter, who dying[329] in her cradle, was buried[329] near unto John her brother at Reading.

By Senchia, the third wife (daughter to Raymund Earl of Provence), he had issue Richard, who died[329] young, and Edmund,[329] who succeeded him in his Earldom of Cornwall; but by Beatrix,[330] the fourth wife, (niece to the Archbishop of Cologne,) he had no issue.

It is said[331] that he had an illegitimate daughter called Isabel, who became the wife[331] of Maurice Lord Berkeley, and to whom King Henry the Third (calling her his niece), for her better support, in the forty-eighth of his reign, gave the manors of Herotesham and Trotesclive in Kent.[332] There is also this epitaph recorded[333] for him.

Hic jacet in tumulo Richardus Teutonicorum Rex vivens, propria contentus sorte bonorum. Anglorum Regis germanus, Pictaviensis Ante Comes dictus, sed tandem Cornubiensis. Demum Theutonicis tribuens amplissima dona Insignitus erat, Caroli rutilante corona. Hinc Aquilam gessit clypeo, sprevitque Leonem. Regibus omnigenis precellens per rationem. Dives opum mundi, sapiens, conviva, modestus; Alloquio, gestu, dum vixit semper honestus. Jam regnum regno commutans pro meliore, Regi cælorum summo conregnet honore.

Of his two sons, I shall first speak of Henry.

This HENRY, in anno 1257 (41 Henry III.) was[334] knighted by Richard King of Almaine, his father, upon the day of his coronation at Aquisgrave in Germany.

It is said that in 47 Hen. III. having been through plausible and specious pretences seduced by Montfort Earl of Leicester, and some other of the rebellious barons, he was taken off by Prince Edward for the honour of Tikhill, which he then gave[335] him; and the same year received[336] one hundred marks, assigned to him out of the issues of the county of Dorset, by the king’s appointment, to fortify the castles of Corff and Shireborne. But notwithstanding this, it seems that he inclined to them again for the next year following, (viz. 48 Hen. III.) upon the march of Montfort and his party into the counties of Gloucester, Worcester, Salop, and then southwards. This Henry favouring them, was taken by some of the king’s soldiers. Howbeit, shortly after, the king holding a Parliament at London, amongst those who fell off from that rebellious pack he was[338] one, and thenceforth stuck stoutly to the king, marching[339] with him to Northampton, where the chief of their strength being then got together, after a sharp dispute were vanquished.[339]

Moreover, in the battle of Lewes, he was[340] one of the principal commanders in the body of the king’s army, at that time led by Richard King of Almaine his father; and after that fatal overthrow there (through the assistance of the Londoners, who poured out all the strength they could make to their aid), seeing the king and divers of the nobles made prisoners,[340] he joined with Prince Edward in mediating a fair reconciliation betwixt both parties; and, in order thereto, the next day following put himself into the hands of Montfort, and the rest.

But after this I have not observed anything else further memorable of him, other than that in 56 Henry III. being[340] with Prince Edward on his way towards the Holy Land, and partly weary[340] of the length of the journey, and partly desirous[340] to see his father before he died, having leave[340] he came[340] into Italy, and at Viterbium was[340] basely murdered by Guy one of the sons to Montfort, Earl of Leicester, within the church of S. Laurence, at high mass, in revenge of his father’s death, who had been slain in the battle of Evesham, about seven years before, as I have elsewhere fully manifested.

I now come to EDMUND, who, surviving his father, succeeded him in the dignity of Earl.

EDMUND EARL OF CORNWALL.

In 42 Henry III. this Edmund being possessed of the honour of Eye, (his father then living,) upon levying the scutage of Wales, paid one hundred and eighty pounds for ninety knights’ fees and an half belonging thereto.[341] And in anno 1266, (51 Hen. III.) obtained[342] of a certain nobleman, lord of Seyland, a large proportion of the blood of Christ, which he deposited in the abbey of Hales (so founded by his father as aforesaid.)

Furthermore, in 55 Hen. III. accomplishing[343] his full age of twenty-one years, he received[344] the honour of knighthood, upon St. Edward’s Day, and soon after that was invested with the title of Earl of this county by cincture with the sword; before the end of which year he likewise married[344] Margaret the sister of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, and shortly after had livery of the castles of Knaresburgh, Walingford, Okham, and Berkhamstead, of his inheritance.[345]

Moreover, in 13 Edw. I. he obtained a charter[346] for a weekly market every Friday at his manor of Cosham in com. Wilts; and the same year had another[347] for free warren in his lordship of Great Cestreton, and Little Cestreton, in com. Oxon, as also for free chase[348] in his lands of Wasseley and Wymbureholt.

In 15 Edw. I. he had a grant of[349] the castle of Ockham, to hold in fee with the sheriffalty of the county of Rutland. And in 16 Edw. I. being made warden of England during the king’s absence (in the wars of Scotland), marched into Wales, and laid siege to Droselan Castle, the walls whereof he demolished.[350] Furthermore, in 17 Edw. I. he was constituted sheriff[351] for the county of Cornwall in fee. And in 25 Edw. I. obtained the king’s precept[352] to the barons of his Exchequer, that they should not exact more from him for the honour and castle of Walingford, then the service of three knights’ fees, by which it had been granted[353] to his father and his heirs in 15 Hen. III.

This Edmund founded[354] a certain college at Asherugge, in co. Bucks, in honour of the blood of our Saviour, for certain brethren called Bonhomes; and for the soul of Richard King of Almaine his father, gave[355] to the monks of Rewley, in the suburbs of Oxford (being fifteen in number), all his lands in North Osney, as also his manor of Erdington and mills at Karsington, in that county; likewise one acre of land in Bel juxta Roslin, with the advowson of the church of Wendrove, in the hundred of Kerier, in com. Cornub.; also all his woods at Nettlebed, and divers houses in London, situate in the parish of St. Thomas the Apostle, with certain lands in Wylauston, and sixty shillings yearly rent, payable by the monks of Thame, out of the manor of Stoke Talmach; and departed[356] this life ――――. 28 Edw. I. being then seised[356] of the honours of Eye, St. Waleries, and Wallingford, as also of the castle and honour of Knaresburgh, likewise of the manor of Launceton, of the castle and town of Restormell, of the borough of Lostwithiel and castle of Tintagell, with the borough, in com. Cornub., also of the castle and borough of Trematon, with the borough of Ashe and manor of Calistoke, in the same county; of the manor of Fordington in com. Dorset; Mere, with the castle; Corsham, Wilton, and Claiton, in com. Wilts; Little Weldon in com. Northampton; of the castle of Ocham, with the manors of Egelton and Langholme, in com. Rutl., and likewise of the whole county of Rutland. Moreover, he died seised of the city of Chichester, in com. Sussex; of the castle of Berkhamstead in com. Hertf.; and of the manors of Bensington and Watlington, with the four hundreds, viz. the hundred and half of Chitren, the hundreds of Piriton, Lewkenore, Benfield, and Ewelme, likewise of the half hundred of Swabby, the castle and honour of Walingford, and manor of Henley, in com. Oxon.

Upon this, his death, which happened[357] at Asherugge on the calends of October, anno 1300 (28 Edw. I.) without[357] issue, the king, by his letters to the Bishop of Hereford, signified that he resolved to have him buried in the Abbey at Hales upon Thursday after Palm Sunday next ensuing; and, therefore, for the more honourable solemnity of his funeral, purposing to be there himself, desired that bishop to meet him and give his assistance in the celebration thereof. The like letters he wrote to the Bishops of Worcester and Exeter, as also to the abbots of Evesham, Tewkesbury, Winchcomb, Pershore, Eynesham, Cirencester, Osney, Stanley in com. Wilts, Bordesley, Rewley near Oxford, Gloucester, and to the prior of Worcester;[358] but the King’s mind altering, he was interred at Asherugge.[359] At the solemnizing of this great funeral, there was[360] likewise Prince Edward, with the Bishops of Durham and Chester, as also the Earl of Warwick, and divers others of the nobility.

After which, viz. the next ensuing year, I find that, through the mediation[361] of the peers in the Parliament then held at Lincoln, the king was pleased to allow[361] unto Margaret his widow five hundred pounds per annum for her support; and that for the making good thereof these lordships, lands, and rents were assigned,[362] viz. the castle and manor of Ocham in com. Rotel. with the hundreds of Martinesely, Alnestow, and East Hundred; the hamlet of Egilton (part of the manor of Langham); in the same county; also fourteen pounds sixteen shillings and fourpence yearly rent, issuing out of the Court Leets and Sheriffs’ Aid in Keten, Preston, Okeham, Hameldon, and divers other towns in that county; the manor of Baketon in com. Norfolk; the manor of Haghleigh in com. Suffolk; the castle and manor of Eye; the hamlets of Dalingho, Alderton, and Thorndon, in the same county; the manor of Kirketon, with the towns, hamlets, and hundreds of Kirketon, Haselhou, Coringham, and Maule, with the issues of the sokemote of those manors, all in com. Linc.; the manor of Harewell in com. Berks; the manor of Isleworth, with the hamlets of Heston, Twickenham, and Wicton, in com. Middlesex; twenty-one pounds yearly rent out of Queenhithe, in the city of London; the town of Rockingham, and manor of Little Weldon, in com. Northampton; the manor of Glatton, with the hamlet of Holme, in com. Huntingdon; the manor of Fordington, with the hamlet of Whitwell, in com. Dorset; twenty pounds yearly rent of the ferme of the town of Malmsbury in com. Wilts; twenty pounds, fifteen shillings, and sixpence yearly rent of the ferme of the borough of Ivelcester, in com. Somerset; ten pounds, seventeen shillings, and sevenpence yearly rent, out of Old Shoreham, in com. Sussex; the manor of Cippeham, and hamlet of Stor, in com. Bucks, with the manor and town of Henley in com. Oxon.

JOHN OF ELTHAM, EARL OF CORNWALL. (2 EDW. III.)

This John being second son to King Edward the Second, was born[363] at Eltham in Kent, upon the festival of the Blessed Virgin’s Assumption, in anno 1316, the 9th of his father’s reign; and in 16 Edward II. had a grant[364] in fee of the castle, manor, and honour of Tuttebury, part of the possessions of Thomas Earl of Lancaster, then attainted. Also in 1 Edw. III. another[365] in general tail of the manor of Milham in com. Norfolk; and a third[366] in reversion after the death of John de Britannia, Earl of Richmond, to himself and the heirs male of his body, of the honour of Richmond, with all the castles, manors, and lands belonging thereto; shortly after which, viz. in 2 Edw. III. he was advanced[367] to the title of Earl of Cornwall in that parliament which begun at Salisbury after the quindesme of St. Michael. And in 3 Edw. III. the king, then going[368] into France to do his homage for the dukedom of Aquitaine, was constituted[369] his lieutenant here during his absence. In 4 Edw. III. he had another grant[370] in tail general of twenty pounds per annum, by the title of Earl of Cornwall, to be paid out of the issues of that county; likewise of the manor of Hanlegh, and of the castle and manor of Eye, with the hamlets of Dalingho, Alderton, Thorndon, and certain lands in Clopton, in com. Suffolk; also of twenty pounds yearly rent, payable by the Prior of Bromholme, in com. Norfolk, for the manor of Baketone; of certain rents pertaining to the honour of Eye in com. Norfolk, Suff. and Essex; of the guardianship of the castle of Eye, and of the free court in Lincoln belonging thereto; of the castle, town, and honour of Berkhamstead in com. Hertford; of the manor of Risberghe, with the park and manor of Cippenham, in com. Bucks; of the castle, town, and honour of Walingford in com. Berks, with its members; of the honour of St. Walerie, in com. Oxon, and other counties; of the mills at Oxford, with the meadow there called Kingsmede; of the manors of Boudon and Haverbergh in com. Leicester; of the manor of Byflete in com. Surrey; and of the town of Rokyngham in com. Northampton, all of which were then valued[371] at two thousand per annum. Besides which, he then also obtained a grant[371] of the hundreds of Hertsmere and Stow in com. Suffolk, and of the yearly ferme of Queenhithe in the city of London.

In 5 Edw. III. upon[372] the king’s expedition into Scotland, he was again appointed[373] his lieutenant here during his absence. And in 7 Edw. III. had another grant[374] in tail general of the hundreds in Cornwall; likewise of the town of Lestwithiel, with all the issues and profits of that county, then belonging to the king, viz. of the ports, wreck of sea, prizes, and customs, as also of the yearly ferme of the city of Exeter, with the profits of the water of Sutton, in com. Devon, and of the stannaries and coinage thereof in that county; likewise of the river of Dertmouth, with the profits of the mines in Cornwall, and of the town of Yvelchester in com. Somerset.

In 8 Edw. III. he obtained license[375] for to have a market every week, upon the Thursday, at his manor of Wintringham in com. Lincoln, as also for two fairs, one on the eve, day, and morrow of St. Philip and St. James, and six days next ensuing; the other on the eve and day of All Saints, and six days following; likewise for two fairs at Kirketon, the same, one on the eve and day of the translation of St. Thomas the Martyr, and six days after; the other on the eve and day of St. Andrew the Apostle, and six days ensuing; and in 9 Edw. III. was[376] in that expedition then made into Scotland; so likewise in 10 Edw. III. at which time the king having intelligence that the French had promised to aid the Scots, he marched[377] himself into that realm with a great army, and fortified the castle of Stryvelyn, with a great ditch, as also the town of St. Johnston’s, at which place this John Earl of Cornwall, then[378] also being and falling sick, departed[378] this life without wife or issue, and was afterwards honourably buried in St. Edmund’s chapel, within the abbey church of Westminster, where his monument still remaineth.

A list of those individuals who have held the Lands and the Patronage of the ancient Princes of Cornwall, with the Nominal Office of Duke, since the settlement made by King Edward the Third.

1. EDWARD PLANTAGENET, the Black Prince, created by Charter, confirmed in Parliament, A. D. 1337, with this clause:

Habend. et tenend. eidem Duci et ipsius ac heredum suor. Regum Angl. Filiis primogenitis, et Ducib. dicti loci in Regno Angl. hereditarie successur.

Which has been thus translated:

To have and to hold to the same Duke, and to the first begotten sons of him, and of his heirs, Kings of England, and to the Dukes of the said place in the Kingdom of England, hereditarily to succeed. (See Lord Dunstanville’s Edition of Carew, pp. 433-441.)

2. RICHARD PLANTAGENET, afterwards King Richard the Second, in opposition, as it would seem, to the words of the grant, as his father had never been King of England.

3. HENRY PLANTAGENET, son and heir of King Henry the Fourth, afterwards King Henry the Fifth.

4. EDWARD PLANTAGENET, son and heir of King Henry the Sixth, murdered in 1471.

5. EDWARD PLANTAGENET, son and heir of King Edward the Fourth, nominally King in 1483, but murdered the same year.

6. EDWARD PLANTAGENET, son and heir of King Richard the Third.

7. ARTHUR TUDOR, son and heir of King Henry the Seventh, died in his father’s lifetime.

8. HENRY TUDOR, afterwards King Henry the Eighth.

9. HENRY FREDERICK STUART, son and heir of King James the First, died in his father’s lifetime.

10. CHARLES STUART, afterwards King Charles the First.

11. CHARLES STUART, afterwards King Charles the Second.

12. GEORGE AUGUSTUS, afterwards King George the Second.

13. FREDERICK LEWIS, son of King George the Second, died in 1751, in his father’s lifetime.

14. GEORGE WILLIAM FREDERICK, afterwards King George the Third.

15. GEORGE AUGUSTUS FREDERICK, afterwards King George the Fourth.

[182] Math. Westm.

[183] Mat. Westm.

[184] H. Knighton, col. 2320. n. 30.

[185] Monast. Anglic. vol. i. p. 254 b.

[186] Ibid. p. 254 a. n. 50.

[187] Ibid. p. 258 and 259.

[188] Monast. Anglic. vol. 2, p. 206 a.

[189] Math. Westm. in anno 1013.

[190] Matth. Westm. in anno 1016.

[191] R. Hoveden, fol. 250 b. n. 20.

[192] W. Gemet, p. 288 D. Ord. Vit. p. 660 B.

[193] S. Dunelm. col. 214, n. 30. W. Gemet. p. 293 D.

[194] Ord. Vit. p. 765 A.

[195] Monast. Angl. vol. 1, p. 551 a. n. 60.

[196] Monast. Angl. vol. 1, p. 551, a. n. 60.

[197] Rob. de Monte.

[198] Monast. Anglic. vol. 2, p. 982, n. 20 and 30.

[199] Ibid. vol. 1, p. 213, a. lin. 35.

[200] Mat. Paris, p. 54, n. 10 & 20.

[201] Ord. Vit. p. 578 D.

[202] Monast. Angl. vol. 2, p. 982, n. 30 & 40.

[203] Chron. Norm. p. 995 C.

[204] Domesd. lib.

[205] W. Malms, fo. 88 b. n. 40.

[206] Ibid. fol. 89 a.

[207] S. Dunel. col. 229. W. Malms. fol. 89, n. 10. Mat. Paris, p. 60, 1. 14.

[208] Ord. Vit. p. 819 D.

[209] Jorval. col. 1002, n. 20.

[210] In Vigil. S. Mich.

[211] Ord. Vit. p. 821 A.

[212] Ibid. B.

[213] Ibid. page 822 A. Mat. Paris, p. 63, 1. 6, Jorv. col. 8221, n. 12.

[214] Ord. Vit. p. 811 A.

[215] Monast. Anglic. v. 1, p. 668 a. n. 40.

[216] Ibid. v. 2, p. 909.

[217] Ibid. p. 954 b.

[218] Ibid. v. 1, p. 668, n. 60.

[219] W. Gemet. 306 D.

[220] Vinc. Discov. p. 130.

[221] Ord. Vit. 915 D.

[222] W. Malmesb. 105 a. n. 30.

[223] Gesta Regis Steph. 950 A.

[224] Ibid. B.

[225] Ibid. 956 A.

[226] Ibid. 968 B. C.

[227] Ibid. 969 A.

[228] Rot. Pip. 2 H. 2. Somerset.

[229] Testa de Nevill, Devon.

[230] R. Hoveden, 282 b. n. 10.

[231] Ibid. 283, n. 30.

[232] Ibid. b. n. 40.

[233] Liber Rub. in Scacc. tit. Cornub.

[234] Rot. Pip. 14 H. 2. Cornub. Devon.

[235] R. Hoved. 307 a.

[236] Ibid. 6 n. 10.

[237] Monast. Angl. vol. 1, 1002, n. 50.

[238] R. Hoved. 313 a. n. 40.

[239] Domitian A. VIII. in Bibl. Cotton. 79 a.

[240] Vinc. Discov. p. 130.

[241] Claus. 16 Joh. m. 21.

[242] Ex vet. Cod. MS. penes Will. Mohun, eq. aur. anno 1583.

[243] Joh. Tinemuth, MS. in Bibl. Bodl. lib. 19, cap. 104. Domitian A. VIII. in Bibl. Cotton. 922.

[244] Rot. Norm. Liberat. 4 Joh. m. 1.

[245] Rot. Pip. 4 Joh. Devon.

[246] Pat. 17 Joh. m. 15.

[247] Ibid.

[248] Testa de Nevill, Devon.

[249] Pat. 1 H. 3. m. 13.

[250] Rot. Fin. 4 H. 3. M. 3.

[251] Pat. 4 H. 3. p. 1, m. 6.

[252] Pat. 4 H. 3. p. 1, m. 6.

[253] Claus. 6 H. 3. m. 7.

[254] Pat. 1 E. 4. p. 1, m. 5.

[255] Pat. 1 H. 4. p. 1, m. 17.

[256] Claus. 16 Joh. m. 23.

[257] Claus. 16 Joh. m. 23.

[258] Pat. 1 H. 3. m. 6.

[259] Pat. 2 H. 3. m. 3.

[260] Pat. 5 H. 3. p. 1, m. 6.

[261] Pat. 9 H. 3. m. 7.

[262] M. Paris, in ann. 1225, p. 323, n. 30.

[263] Ibid. n. 40.

[264] Ibid. n. 50.

[265] Ypod. Neustr. in ann. 1226.

[266] M. Paris, 324, and Ibid. n. 10.

[267] Annal. S. Augustini Cant.

[268] M. Paris, 337, n. 10.

[269] Ibid. n. 30.

[270] Ibid, n. 40.

[271] Claus. 11 Hen. 3. m. 3.

[272] Cart. 15 H. 3. p. 1, m. 4.

[273] M. Paris, in an. 1231, p. 368, n. 20.

[274] Cart. 19 H. 3. m. 19. Pat. 19 H. 3. m. 14.

[275] M. Par. in An. 1230, p. 421, n. 50.

[276] Ibid. 431, n. 30.

[277] Ibid. 445, n. 30 and 40.

[278] Ibid. 445, n. 30 and 40.

[279] Cart. 23 H. 3. m. 1.

[280] Ibid. 516, n. 40.

[281] Ibid. in an. 1140, p. 526, n. 20.

[282] Ibid. n. 30.

[283] Ibid. n. 40.

[284] Ibid. n. 50.

[285] Ibid. 537.

[286] Ibid. n. 10.

[287] Ibid. n. 20.

[288] Ibid. n. 20.

[289] Ibid. n. 30.

[290] M. Westm. in eodem An.

[291] M. Paris, p. 579, n. 50.

[292] Ibid. 581, n. 20.

[293] Ibid. 595, n. 50.

[294] Ibid. p. 837, n. 20.

[295] M. Westm. in an. 1243.

[296] Mat. Paris 606, n. 40.

[297] Pat. 28 H. 3. m. 10.

[298] Mat. Paris, in an. 1244, p. 613, n. 20.

[299] M. West, in an. 1245.

[300] Ibid. in an. 1246. Monast. Anglic. vol. 1, 928, n. 10.

[301] Mat. Paris 734, n. 20.

[302] Ibid. 749, n. 10 & 20.

[303] Ibid. p. 773.

[304] Ibid. 777, n. 30 and 40.

[305] Claus. 36 H. 3. m. 16.

[306] M. West, in eodem an. M. Paris.

[307] M. Westm. in an. 1253.

[308] Mat. Paris, p. 913, n. 40.

[309] M. Westm. 239, n. 50.

[310] Ibid. 947, n. 40.

[311] Ibid. n. 55.

[312] Ypod. Neustr. in an. 1257.

[313] Mat. Paris, 983, n. 50.

[314] M. Westm. in eodem an.

[315] Mat. Paris, 984, n. 10. Ibid. 993, n. 50.

[316] Ibid. 995, n. 40 and 50.

[317] Ex Coll. R. Gl. S.

[318] Rot. Fin. 55 H. 3. m. 2.

[319] Mon. Angl. vol. 1, 934 a, n. 50.

[320] Ibid. 583 b.

[321] Mon. Angl. vol. 2, 834, n. 10.

[322] Ibid. 901 b. n. 60.

[323] Ex Coll. R. Gl. S.

[324] Mat. Paris, 1007, n. 30.

[325] Mon. Angl. vol. 1, 934 a. n. 60.

[326] Ex Coll. R. Gl. S.

[327] Mat. Paris, p. 523, n. 40.

[328] Ex Coll. ut supra. Mat. Paris, ut supra.

[329] Ex Coll. R. Gl. S.

[330] Plac. de Banco T. Mich. 2 Edw. 1. rot. 67.

[331] Vinc. Discov. p. 136.

[332] Claus. 48 H. 3, m. 4.

[333] Vinc. Discov. ut supra.

[334] Mat. Paris, 956, n. 10.

[336] Matt. Paris, 992, n. 20.

[337] Claus. 47 H. 3. m. 5.

[338] Matt. Paris, 992, n. 50, and 993.

[339] Ibid. n. 50.

[340] Ibid. 996, n. 10 and 20.

[341] Rot. Pip. 42 H. 3. Norf.

[342] Lel. Coll. vol. 1, 289.

[343] Esc. 56 H. 3. n. 32.

[344] Ex Coll. R. Gl. S. M.S. in Bibl. Bodl. [K. 84, Cant.] f. 65 b.

[345] Rot. Fin. 56 H. 3. m. 14.

[346] Cart. 13 E. 1. n. 39.

[347] Pars altera, de eodem an. n. 1.

[348] Ibid. n. 19.

[349] Rot. Pip. 15 Ed. 1, and 19 Edw. 2. Roteland.

[350] Thos. Wals. in an. 1288.

[351] Rot. Pip. 17 Ed. 1. Cornub.

[352] Claus. 25 Ed. 1. m. 10.

[353] Claus. 25 Ed. 1. m. 10.

[354] Lel. Coll. vol. 1, p. 78.

[355] Mon. Anglic., vol. 1, 934 b. and 935 a. Mon. Angl. vol. 2, 334 b. n. 10.

[356] Esc. 28 E. 1. n. 44.

[357] Ex Coll. R. Gl. S.

[358] Claus. 29 Edw. I. in dorso m. 17.

[359] Mon. Ang. vol. 2, 346 b.

[360] E Coll. R. Gl. S. ut supra.

[361] Th. Wals. in an. 1301.

[362] Claus. 30 E. 1 m. 15.

[363] T. Wals, p. 84, n. 20.

[364] Cart. 16 E. 2. n. 34.

[365] Cart. 1 Ed. 3. n. 25.

[366] Pat. 1 Ed. 3. p. 3, m. 5.

[367] T. Wals. p. 110. Claus. 4 E. 3. m. 7.

[368] T. Wals. 112, n. 20.

[369] Pat. 3 E. 3. p. 1, m. 16.

[370] Cart. 4 E. 3. n. 12.

[371] Cart. 4 E. 3. n. 18.

[372] T. Wals. 114, n. 10.

[373] Pat. 5 Ed. 3. p. 1, m. 16.

[374] Cart. 7 Ed. 3. n. 7.

[375] Cart. 8 Ed. 3. n. 44.

[376] Rot. Scoc. 9 Ed. 3. m. 3.

[377] Rot. Scoc. 10 Ed. 3. m. 16.

[378] Pat. 10 Ed. 3. p. 2, m. 40.

XIII.

THE HUNDREDS OF CORNWALL.

PREFIXED to Tonkin’s MS. of the Parochial History of Cornwall (with additions in notes by J. Whitaker) are the following notes:

Carew (Edition 1769) fol. 30. The Cornish “pay in most places onely fee Morton releeses, which is after five markes the whole knight’s fee (so called of John, Earle first of Morton, then of Cornwall, and lastly King of this land); whereas, that of fee Gloucester is five pounds.”

Mem. Mr. Hawkins tells me that there is a camp near Trutheun, in Bishop’s Wood, not large.

The MS. is in the possession of the Rev. Mr. Pye, Rector of Truro, and had been recovered by him from imminent destruction, as he told me, at a house formerly belonging to Mr. Tonkin, and then inhabited by Mr. Fortescue. A MS. in folio, and another in quarto, had been left in a cupboard of the kitchen, and applied to culinary purposes. Mr. Pye’s attention was arrested by seeing part of the quarto wrapping round some plumb cake; he therefore begged the rest. And he found the Folio had been used entirely, and the quarto up to the letter P. and page 406. With this account he made me (as I thought) a present of the MS. I therefore wrote some additions of my own upon the blank places of it. He afterwards desired me (as I thought) to lend it him awhile. But when I sent for it back again, he denied he had ever meant to give it me; and I thought myself obliged in honour to waive all claim to the property, and to borrow it for transcription. But I then erased my own remarks from the whole, and have here added many, very many others. October 26th 1790. J. W.

LES-NEWITH. New Court. (Dr. Pryce).

I notice this first, because it points out the scope and drift of the other names. It is so called from the Court of the Hundred, Les-Newydh (C.) New Court, as being a new Hundred, and this new Court giving name to the place at which it was kept, near Tintagel.

So called from Stratton, the seat of its Court, and therefore the head of the hundred. The hill full of fresh springs of waters (Dr. Pryce).

POWDRE.

So called from the Court House (I apprehend) called (I suppose) Pou Dre (C.) the house of the province. Pou Dar, the borough, country, or hundred of Oaks. (Dr. Pryce.)

PIDRE.

Called from its house near the four burrows, which has alwas given name to the street in Truro, leading towards it, as the house was so called from its being at the four burrows, Pidyr Carnon perhaps. The fourth hundred. (Dr. Pryce.)

TRIG.

From its house called Trig (C.) a dwelling, and situate at the ebb of the sea, or on the sea shore. (Dr. Pryce.)

EAST AND WEST.

Hundreds, formed by the English since the Conquest of Cornwall, and so named by them from the relative situation of their respective Court Houses.

KERRIER.

From Curhar (C.) I believe a jail, a prison; the Court House of the Hundred, I apprehend, having always a prison a jail for it.

The coast or border of the country, Kur-Urian (Dr. Pryce); which signify, even in Dr. Pryce himself, Kur, the coast or border of a country, and, Urian, the border, boundary, or limit of a country: so that Kerrier, thus explained, is the same thing doubly.

PENWITH.

The head of the breach or separation, as the Land’s End is from Scilly. (Dr. Pryce.)

From its Court House, on the promontory, called Penwith or Land’s End; and this promontory, so called as Dr. Pryce thinks from Pen, and With the head of the separation from Scilly; but rather as With (says Nennius) signifies Divortium, and means the Isle of Wight, the headland of the Isle opposite, just as this very promontory was called by the ancients Anti Vesteeum, the point opposed to Vesteeum.

XIV.

EPITAPH OF RICHARD CAREW, OF ANTONY, ESQ.

The circumstances under which it has happened that no correct copy has hitherto been printed of the epitaph of Carew, in the church of Antony, are remarkable. The learned Camden was solicited to supply it originally, as is shown by his Epistolæ, p. 106; but Richard Carew, Esq. the son of the deceased, appears to have preferred a more circumstantial composition, at the same time that he retained several of Camden’s expressions. Hugh C――――, Esq. who wrote the Life of the Historian prefixed to the Survey of Cornwall, quoted the epitaph, not from the monument, but from Camden’s Epistolæ; and he was followed by Mr. Polwhele and Mr. Lysons, under the impression that it was the actual inscription on the tomb, nor was the deficiency supplied in the handsome reprint of Carew’s Survey by Lord de Dunstanville. It is believed that Mr. C. S. Gilbert was the first to copy it, but very inaccurately, in his Historical Survey of Cornwall, ii, 388; and the first perfect copy is the present.

“FUI, NON SUM ―――― NON FUISTIS, ESTIS, ERITIS.

RICARDO CAREW de Antony Armigero; Thomæ Carew, ex Elizabetha Edgecombe, Filio; Wimondi Carew, Mil: Bain: ex Martha Denni, Nepoti. Johannis Carew, ex Thomasina, Pronepoti; Alexandri Carew, ex Joanna Hatch, Abnepoti; Nato An: Sal: 1555 Pacis Præsul: 1581 Cornub: Vicecom: 1586 In re milit: Regias Vices functo 1586 In Colleg: Antiquariorum elect: 1598 Religioso, Ingenioso Viro, Docto, Eloquenti, Liberali, Magnanimo, Integerrimo, Græce, Italice, Germanice, Gallice, Hispanice ΑΥΤΟΔΙΔΑΚΤΩ Injuriarum beneficiis placidis retaliatori, In libris versato, necnon librorum auctori candidissimo, de Principe et Patria ob assidua et fidelia officia, semper opt: merito, eruditorum, pauperum, oppressorum sublevatori benignissimo, qui, post 65 annorum bene et feliciter emensum spatium, inter privatas solitas diurnas ad D: OP: MAX: supplicationes in Bibliotheca placidè in Christo obdormivit 6^o. Nov: 1620. Richardus Carew Filius, Patri opt. merito, officiosi obsequii ergo cum lachrimis posuit. Uxorem duxit Julianam Arundell de Trerice 1577 Johannem primogenitum, Anton: et Filias Gertrudam, Annam, et Annam ad superos premisit. Filios Richard: Johann: Hobbin: Georg: Wimond: reliquit superstites.

“The verses following were written by Richard Carew, of Antony, esq. immediately before his death (which happened the sixth of November 1620) as he was at his private prayers in his study (his daily practice) at four in the afternoon; and being found in his pocket, were preserved by his grandson Sir Alexander Carew, according to whose desire they are here set up in memory of him.

Full thirteen fives of years I toyling have o’erpast And in the fourteenth, weary entered am at last. While rocks, sands, stormes, and leaks, to take my bark away By grief, troubles, sorrows, sickness did essay, And yet arriv’d I am not at the port of death, The port to everlasting life that openeth. My time uncertain, Lord! long certain cannot be, That best to mee’s unknown, and only known to thee. O! by repentance and amendment, grant that I May still live in thy fear――and in thy favour dye.”

INDEX

TO

CAREW’S SURVEY OF CORNWALL.

Achym, arms of, 132 Adams, Richard; has twins at an interval of ten weeks, 101 Adelred, K. of Wessex, 96 Admiral-Vice, of the Cornish Coast, 87 Alan, King of Bretagne, 96 Albo Monasterio, Ralph, (temp. Edw. 2), 50 Alneto, John de, (temp. Edw. 2), 51 Anglicus, Roger, (temp. Rich. 1), 49 Antiquaries, College of, xviii Antony, East 102. Seat of the Carews, ix. The author buried there, xxiv Apport, John, 97 Archdeaconry of Cornwall, 81 Arscot, of Norton, arms of, 118. Mr. Tristram, 118-88 Arthur, King, 61 Arundell, ancient family of, 64. A Cornish rebel, 98. John, Bishop of Exeter, 59 John de, 52. Sir John, 118. Ralph de, 52. Sir Thomas, 61. Of Clifton, Pedigree, 113. Of Lanhearne, Pedigree and arms, 144. Of Talverne, Pedigree, 142. Sir John, 142. John, 142. Thomas, 88. Of Trerice, Pedigree, 145. Sir John, 62, 146, 147. John 83, 88, 146, 147 Ashtorre, 113 Assembly, places of, for the county, 86 Athelstan, King of England, 96-159 Atwel, a Divine and Physician, 60 Audley, James Touchet, Lord, 98

Bailiffs, 86 Banquetting House, 107 Barons of Cornwall; names of some barons and other notables of Cornwall in the reigns of Richard 1, Henry 3, Edward 2, 49 Barret, ancient family of, 64, 127 Basset, ancient family of, 64. Of Tehidy, arms of, 154. William, (temp. Edw. 2), 51 Beacons, 85 Beasts, for venery, 22. For meat, 23. For use, 24 Beauchamp, ancient family of, 64 Becket, arms of, 117 Bedford, John Duke of, 146 Beggar’s Island, 107 Bellet, ancient family of, 64 Bellocampo, Stephen de, (temp. Hen. 3), 50 Belloprato, Ralph, (temp. Ed. 2), 51. Stephen, 52 Belowdy, 143 Bendyn, Robert, (temp. Ed. 2), 51 Bevill, ancient family of, 64. Reginald de, 52. Of Killigarth, Pedigree and arms, 131. Sir William, 83. His strange servant John Size, 130. Of Gwarnack, 140 Bishops, 80 Blackdon, Leonard, 83 Blederick, Prince, 96 Bligh, arms of, 117 Bloyen, Ralph de, (temp. Ed. 2), 51 Bloyhon, Ralph, 52 Bluet, ancient family of, 64 Blundus, Alan, (temp. Rich. 1), 49 Bodmyn, 123. Free school, 124 Bodrugan, 141. Otto de, (temp. Ed. 2), 51 Body, Mr., 98 Bonaventura, Thomasine, her school at St. Mary Wike, 119 Bond, of Earth, pedigree and arms, 111 Bone, Edward, the deaf and dumb servant of Mr. Peter Courtney, 140 Bonithon, of Carclew, pedigree and arms, 150 Bonville, Lord, 63 Boroughs, Sir John, 99 Boteraus, William, senior, 52. William, junior, 52 Boterell, William, (temp. Rich. 1), 49 Botreaux, Barons, 63. Castle, 120. Reginald de, (temp. Ed. 2), 50, 52. William de, (temp. Ed. 2), 50 Boussening, a remedy for insanity, 123 Bray, ancient family of, 64. Lord, 63. John, 62 Bret, William de, 52 Bridges in Cornwall, 53 Brooke, Lord, 63 Brunn, Robert le, 52 Buckingham, Duke of, 97 Bude, Bay of, 118 Buildings in Cornwall, 53 Buller, of Tregarrick, pedigree of, 131. Arms of, 132. Shillingham, house of Mr., 111

Calveley, Sir Hugh, 135 Camden, Mr. mentions Mr. Carew’s Survey of Cornwall, with approbation, in the 1st edition of his Britannia, xvii. A member of the Society of Antiquaries, xviii. His Epitaph on the Author, xxv Camel River, the Site of King Arthur’s last battle, 122 Camelford, 122 Campo Arnulphi, Henry de, (temp. Ed. 2), 50. Rich. de, (temp. Ed. 2), 50. William de, 52. See Champernowne Cardin, Robert de, (temp. Rich. 1), 49 Careticus, King of the Britons, 96 Carew, alias Karrow, ancient family of, 64. Pedigree of, 102. Arms of, 104 Carew, Richard, Esq. the author, his life, ix. &c. Went to Oxford, x. Disputes there with Sir Philip Sidney, x. Removed to the Middle Temple, xi. Not employed in Foreign Embassies, xii. His writings upon the Latin and English languages, and translations from the Spanish, xvi. Breeds bees, xvi. Writes a description of Cornwall, xvii. Justice of the Peace in 1581, xvii. Sheriff of Cornwall in 1586, xvii. Deupty Lieut. of Cornwall, and Colonel of a Regiment of Militia in 1599, xviii. Member of the College of Antiquaries in 1589, xviii. His oration on his introduction, xviii. Publishes his survey of Cornwall in 1602, xx. Its dedication to Sir Walter Raleigh, xx. His kinsman, xxi. A letter from him to Mr. Camden, xxii. Intended, but never published, a 2d edition of his Survey of Cornwall, xxiii. Intimate with Sir Henry Spelman, xxiv. Extolled by him and by John Dunbar a Scottish Poet, xxiv. His death, xxiv. Buried at East Antonie, xxiv. His monument there, and epitaph by Mr. Camden, xxvi. [See p. 378.] His office in Cornwall, 83-88 Carew, Sir George, ambassador to the King of Poland, xi-xiii. To the King of Sweden, xii. A master in Chancery, and Secretary to the Lord Chancellor, xiii Carew, Dr. (the same Sir George), 59, 61 Carew, Thomas, father of the author, ix Cargreen, 113 Carmineu, Robert de, (temp. Henry 3), 50 Carminou, John de, (temp. Ed. 2), 51. Oliver de, (temp. Ed. 2), 51. Roger de, 52 Carmynow of Fentengollan, 142 Carnsew of Bokelly, family and arms, 127. William, 83 Carybullock, 115 Castellan Dinas, 143 Causand bay, 98 Cavel family, 127 Cavendish, Mr., 115 Cerdic, King of Wessex, 96 Cereseaux, Richard de, (temp. Ed. 2), 51, 52 Chamond, of Launcels, pedigree and arms, 118 Chamons, D., 88 Champernowne, John, obtains the Priory of St. German from King Henry 8, 109. See Campo Arnulphi. Chandos, Lord, 114 Chaumont, ancient family of, 64 Cheesewring, 129 Cheyndut, Ralph de, 52 Chiverton, arms of, 117. Thomas, 88 Chiwarton of Chiwarton, arms of, 159 Chough, Cornish, 36 Church-ale, 68 Civilians of Cornwall, 59 Clerk of the market, 87 Clifford, Sir Nicholas, 157 Clyes, Rawe, a blacksmith and quack, 60 Code, arms of, 132 Cola, Roger, 52 Colan, Little, 144 Colleges, 81 Condi, death of Louis Prince of, 125 Constables, 85 Copper, found in Cornwall, 6 Corington of Newton, arms of, 117 Corn, dressing the ground, breaking, sanding, 19. Crops, kind of grain, 20 Cornish, Agnes, her wonderful preservation from drowning, 107 Cornish chough, 36 Cornubia, Walter de, 52 Cornwall, Mr. Carew’s Survey of, published 1602, xx. An account of, by Sir John Doddridge, xxii. Map of, by Mr. Norden, xxiii. Name of the shire, shape, 1. Climate, length and breadth, boundaries, 2. Conveniences of site, 3. Its inconveniences, 4. Temperature, soil, its form and quality, 5. Hills, 6. Minerals, 6, &c. See Minerals, metals 6, &c. Tin mines 7, &c. See Tin. Mats, manufactured, 19. Corn, 19, &c. see Corn Fruits, 20. Fuel, woods, timber, worms, snakestones, 21. Rats, mice, foxes, others, fallowdeer, 22. Parks, red-deer, sheep, cattle, 23. Horses, mules, birds, 24. Waters, see Waters. Islands, havens, 26. Sand, ore wood, shells, and nuts, shipping, wreck, 27. Salmon, trout, and peal, 28. Haven, fish 29, &c. see Fish. Oysters, 30. Fish on the coast, 31, &c. see Fish. Sea-fowl, 35. Cornish chough, 36. Inhabitants, 36. Tenements, 36, &c. see Tenements. Members sent to Parliament, 90. History and Topography, 96 Cornwall, Dukes of 76, &c. 79. Coffin of a Duke of, found at Trematon, 110. Earls of, 78. Richard Earl of, 122 Cornwall, John of, 58. Michael of, 58. Godfrey of, 59 Cornwall, John, 97 Coroners, 87 Corporations, 86 Cosowarth of Cosowarth, pedigree of, 144. Arms of, 145. John, 145. Edward, 145 Cotton, Sir Robert, a Member of the College of Antiquaries, xviii. Their meetings held at his house, xix Courtenay, ancient family of, 64. Of Ladocke, pedigree and arms, 139. Mr. Peter, 88-139. His deaf and dumb servant Edward Bone, 139. Hugh, Earl of Devon, 97. Peter, Bishop of Exeter, 97 Courtenay, Edward, 97. Philip de, 97 Craneigh, Burchard, his fining house, 130 Crasthole, 108 Cuddenbeake, 109 Cumberland, Earl of, 115 Cuttayle, a house of the Edgecumbe’s, 114

Danny, family of, 108 Darcy, Lord, 114 Dart of Pentuan, 140 Daubeny, Lord, 155 Davies, Mr., 115 Deer, fallow, 22. Red, 23 Denham, Lord, 64. Oliver de, 52 Denis, ancient family of, 64 Devon, Earls of, 64. Thomas, Earl of, 97. Hugh Courtney, Earl of, 97 Diamonds, found among the Cornish rocks, 7 Divines, 59 Dodderidge, Sir John, a member of the Society of Antiquaries, xviii. Publishes an account of the Duchy of Cornwall, xxii Dog, a charitable, 113 Dones, Henry de, (temp. Henry 3), 50 Dosmery pool, 122 Draenas, Robert de, (temp. Hen. 3), 50 Drake, Sir Francis, 115-156 Dreams, 9 Dudman, a foreland, 141 Dukes of Cornwall, 76-79 Dunstanvill, Alan de, (temp. Rich. 1), 49 Dynham, John de, (temp. Ed. 2), 51

Earls of Cornwall, their houses, 78-80 East Wibilsher, hundred of, 93-94. Knights’ fees and acres (temp. Hen. 4), 41. Survey of, 98 Ebbingford, a house of the Arundels of Trerise, 118 Edgecumbe of Mount Edgecumbe, pedigree and arms of, 100. Elizabeth, ix. Peter, 83-88. Sir Piers, 141. Sir Richard, ix, 61, 99, 114, 141 Edmund-Magnus, son of King Harold, 97 Edward 3rd, King, 97 Edward, the Black Prince, 114 Egbert, King of Wessex, 96 Elizabeth, Queen, learned and a patroness of learning, xix Erchideakene, Thomas le, 52 Erisy of Erisy, arms of, 152 Essex, Earl of, 115 Estre, William del, 52 Exeter, Walter Brounscomb, Bishop of, 150. Peter Courtenay, Bishop of, 97. John Graundson, Bishop of, 150 Exon, Walter of, 59

Fairs, 53 Falmouth haven, 149 Feasts 68. Saints, 68 Ferrers, William de, (temp. Ed. 2), 51 Fish, 29. Haven fish, 29. How taken, by weares, bakings, saynes, tucks and tramels, 30. On the coast, 31. Saynes, 32. Fumados, train, pilchard, 33. Plusher, lestercocks, bait, starfish, blubber, 34 Fish pond, Mr. Carew’s salt water, 104 Fitz-Geffry, Charles, extracts from his Affanise, xii, xiv Flamanc, Mark le, (temp. Hen. 3), 50 Flammock, family of, 127. Thomas, 97 Flandrensis, Stephen, (temp. Rich. 1), 49 Flemming, Roger le, 52 Forts, 84 Foxes, 22 Foy, 134. Gallants of, 135 Franchises, 86 Frobisher, Sir Martyn, 115 Fryeries, 81 Fysac, Peter de, 52

Gaol, county, 90 Garrisons, 85 Gentlemen, Cornish, 63 Gifford, Robert, 52 Gilbert, Earl of Strigill, 97 Gilbert, Sir Humfrey, 115 Glasney College, 150 Glyn of Glynfoord, arms of, 132 Godolphin of Godolphin, pedigree and arms, 153. Sir Francis, 83, 85, 88, 153. Fights some Spanish invaders, 156, &c. Sir William, 61, 62 Godwin, son of King Harold, 97 Gold in small quantities found in Cornwall, 7 Gordon, Lady Katherine, 155 Government, 76. Spiritual, 80. Temporal, 82. Martial, 82. Civil, 85 Grampound, 140 Greinvile, ancient family of, 64. Of Penheale, pedigree and arms of, 116. Bernard, 83, 88. John, 62. Roger, 62. Sir Richard, 62, 111, 115 Grenefild, William de, Archbishop of York, 59 Grenevyle, Richard de, 52 Grenvile, Richard de (temp. Hen. 3), 50 Griffin ap Conan, Prince of Wales, 97 Grisling, a deaf man, understanding speech by sight, 113 Guard of sea coast, 84 Guary miracle, 71

Hacumb, Jordon de, (temp. Hen. 3), 50 Halgaver Court, 126 Hall walk, 132 Hamoaze, 100 Handcock, Edward, 88 Hanter Davis, a rock with ebbing and flowing water, 151 Harris of Trecarel, arms of, 116. Of Lanreast, arms of, 132. Arthur, 83, 88. Christopher, 83, 88. John, 83, 88 Harvest dinners, 68 Havens, 26 Hawkins, Sir John, 115, 156 Hawks, 25 Hay, Walter, (temp. Rich. 1), 49 Hearle, arms of, 143 Hechin, arms of, 112 Helford, 151 Helston, 150 Hendor, John, 63, 88 Hengsten, 115 Henpoint, 113 Henry 1, King, 97 Henry 7, King, 97, 99 Henry, Prince of Wales, Sir John Dodderidge’s account of Cornwall dedicated to him, xxiii Herbs, 10 Heriots, 37 Hill of Penwarne, arms of, 140. Mr. Otwell, 83, 88, 140 Hills of Cornwall, 6 History of Cornwall, 96 Holcomb of Fentengollan, 142 Horses, 24 Hospitals, 81 Houses, religious, 81 Hundreds, 86 Huntingdon, John Earl of, 146 Hurlers, 129 Hurling, 73 Husbandmen, 66 Huwyse, Richard de, 52

Inhabitants, 36 Inswork, 101 Intercourse, 53 Islands, 26 Ivor, son to the King of Bretagne, 96

James 1, King, unlearned and pedantic, xix Joseph, Michael, 98 Judges, 89 Jurisdiction for tin, causes, charter, 16. Officers, supreme, lord warden, vice warden, 17. Inferior, stewards, gaylour, 18. Juries, great, petty, 18. Witnesses, 18 Justices of the peace, 88

Kan, Thomas de, 52 Karrow, alias Carew, ancient family of, 64 Katherine, Lady, wife of Prince Arthur, 114 Keckwitch of Catchfrench, pedigree and arms of, 109 Kekewiche, George, 88 Kellerion, John de, 52 Kempthorne of Tonacumb, arms of, 118 Kendal of Treworgy, pedigree and arms, 132. Mr. William, 137 Kennals, Dr., 59 Kenrick, King of Wessex, 96 Kerier, hundred of, 90, 95. Knights’ fees and acres, 3rd Henry 4, 44. Survey of, 149 Killigrew of Arwenacke, pedigree and arms, 150. Sir Henry, 61 Kilter, a Cornish rebel, 98 Kingston, Sir Anthony, 124 Knights’ fees and acres in Cornwall, anno 3 Henry 4, 39, &c. Knolles, Sir Robert, 156 Kylgat, John de, 52 Kymyell, Henry de, 52

Lacell, Galfred de, (temp. Rich. 1), 50 Lagherne, arms of, 153 Lambron, John de, (temp. Ed. 2), 51. John de, 52 Land’s End, 159 Langdon of Chevereul, arms of, 110 Langherne, 149 Language, 55 Lanhadron Park, 140. An oak there with leaves speckled white, 140 Lansladeron, Serlo de, 52 Lanyne, arms of, 153 Lauelis, family, 159 Launceston, 116 Lawhitton, 115 Lawyers, common, 59 Lazar houses, 68 Learned men, 58 &c. Lercedekne, Thomas, (Edw. 2), 51 Lerchedekne, Sir John, 102 Lesnewith Hundred, 92, 93. Knights’ fees and acres, anno 3 Henry 4, 39. Survey of, 120 Lice, 22 Limestone found in Cornwall, 6 Liskeard, 128 Longevity, 63 Looe, East, 127. West, 127 Lopoole, 152 Lostwithiel, 137. Ancient custom there, 137 Lower, arms of, 117. Of St. Winowe, 132. Thomas, 88, 132. William, 62 Lyner, river, 102

Malet, ancient family of, 64 Manaton, arms of, 117 Marcajew, 156 Margaret, Queen, wife to Henry 6, 97 Markets, 53 Marney, Lord, 63 Mats, manufactured, 19 May, arms of, 128, 132 Measures, 54 Members sent to Parliament, 90 Meneag, 152 Mesvile, William de, 97 Mesy, Roger de, (temp. Hen. 3), 50 Metals found in Cornwall, 6 Meules, Roger de, 52 Milbrook, 101 Militia, Cornish, 83 Minerals of Cornwall, stones, pebbles, slate, limestones, 6 Miners, ancient family of, 64 Mines, tin, 8, &c. see Tin. Mohun, ancient family of, 64. Of Hall, pedigree and arms, 133. Sir Reginald, 63, 83, 88, 132, 133. Sir William, 63 Montford, Earl, 97 Montgomery, Count, 115 Morton, William Earl of, 154 Mount Edgecumb, 99 Mount’s bay, 156 Mousehole, 156 Moyle of Bake, pedigree and arms, 109. Robert, 88 Mules, 24 Murth, 131

Names, general, 54. Personal, 54 Nansperyan, arms of, 153 Nants, formerly Trengove, of Nants, arms of, 154 Nantswell, superstitious practice there, 144 Naphant, Sir John, 61 Nazaleod, 96 New Kay, 148 Nichols, family, 127 Nobility of Cornwall, 63 Norris, Sir John, 115 Northampton, John, Lord Mayor of London, 121 Nottingham, Earl of, 115 Nunneries, 81

Oak, in Lanhadron Park, with leaves speckled white, 140 Oliver, William, (temp. Rich. 1), 49 Ordnance and munition, 84 Orewood, 27 Other-half-stone, 128 Otters, 22 Oxford, Earl of, 114. John de Vere, Earl of, 155 Oysters, 30

Padstowe, 143 Parcks, Humphrey, 83 Parishes, 41 Parker, Sir Nicholas, 83, 88, 150. His arms, 150 Parks, 23 Pearls, Cornish, 7 Pebbles, found on the Cornish coast, 6 Pendennis fort, 149 Peng, Henry de, (temp. Edw. 2), 51 Penkevel, family of, 127. Arms of, 142 Penrose, Mr., 152. His arms, 152 Penryn, 150 Penwith hundred, 90, 94. Knights’ fees and acres, anno 3 Henry 4, 39. Survey of, 153 Penzance, 156. Burned by a Spanish invasion, 156 Percy, Sir Thomas, 135 Pernwarne, arms of, 153 Petit, Michael le, 52 Peverell, Hugh, 52 Peyton, Mr. Thomas, 142 Physicians, 59 Pider hundred, 91, 95. Knights’ fees and acres, 43. Survey of, 143 Plymouth haven, 98, 114 Polpera, 131 Polwhele, arms of, 143 Pombre, Henry de la, (temp. Hen. 3), 50 Pomeray, ancient family of, 64. Henry de la, 52, 154. Arms of, 142 Ponds, 26 Poor, 67 Population, 57 Porter, arms of, 112 Porternis, 156 Portugal, Don Antonio, King of, 115 Posts, 85 Powder hundred, 91, 95. Knights’ fees and acres, anno 3 Henry 4, 43. Survey of, 134 Power, Sir H., 157 Prake, a miller of Bretagne, 131 Prideaux, arms of, 143. Mr. Nicholas, 88, 143 Pridias, Thomas, de 52 Pridyas, Roger, (temp. Ed. 2), 51 Princes, Cornish, 76 Probus steeple, 140 Pryories, 81 Pyn, John de, (temp. Ed. 2), 51

Quoykyn, Roland de, 52

Raleigh, Sir Walter, 62, 83, 115. Lieutenant-General of Cornwall, xviii. Mr. Carew’s Survey of Cornwall dedicated to him, xx. Kinsman to Mr. Carew, xxi Raleigh, Carew, son of Sir Walter, xxi Ramehead, 98 Rashleigh, arms of, 136 Rates, 86 Rats, 22 Recreations, 68 Regiments of militia, 83 Reskimer, arms of, 151 Reskymmer, Roger de, (temp. Ed. 2), 51. Richard de, 52 Resorgan, a Cornish rebel, 98 Restormel castle, 137 Richard 3rd, King, 97 Richard Earl of Cornwall, 97 Rivers, 26 Roche, 138 Roche, Odo de la, 52 Roderick, King of the Britons, 96 Romane, John, 63 Roscarrock of Roscarrock, family and arms of, 127 Roseland, 141 Rouse, ancient family of, 64. Of Halton, pedigree, 113. Arms, 114. Anthony, 83, 88 Royalties in the Dukes of Cornwall, 79 Rufe, Ralph de, (temp. Rich. 1), 49

St. Agnes, 148 St. Aubyn, ancient family of, 64. Of Clowance, pedigree and arms of, 152. Thomas, 88 St. Burien’s, 159 St. Columb’s, 144 St. George’s Island, 128 St. German’s, 108 St. Ives, 154 St. Kayne’s well, 129 St. Keveren parish, 98 St. Maw’s castle, 142, 149 St. Michael’s mount, 154 St. Neot’s, 129 St. Nicholas island, 99 St. Nunne’s pool, boussening insane people at, 123 St. Peran in Zabulo, 148 St. Wynnoko, Philip de, 52 Salisbury, Earl of, 114 Salmon, trout, and peal, 28 Saltash, 112 Salt mills, 26 Salt water pond for fish, Mr. Carew’s, 104. Mr. Bevill’s, 137 Sand, 27 Sarum, William Earl of, 97 Saulay, or Saule, ancient family of, 64 Sawle, arms of, 143 Sayers, Mr., 142 Scarlet’s well, 126 Schools, free, 61 Scilly, 85 Sea, 26 Sea fowl, 35 Seaton, 110 Sessions, quarter, 88 Shells and nuts, 27 Shipping, 27 Shooting, 72 Sidney, Sir Philip, x Silver formerly found in Cornwall, 7 Sisters, nine great stones so called, 143 Size, John, the strange servant of Sir William Bevill, 130 Skewich, John, 59 Slate found in Cornwall, 6 Smith, of Tregonnock, Mr. Thomas, his pedigree and arms, 110 Snakestones, 21 Soleigny, John de, (temp. Rich. 1), 49 Sor, Osbert le, 52 Springs, 26 Spurre, arms of, 117 Statesmen, 61 Steviock, 108 Stonehouse, West, 100 Stones found in Cornwall, 6 Stow, Mr. a member of the College of Antiquaries, xviii Stow, a house of the Greinvile’s, 118 Stratton, 117 Stratton hundred, 92, 94. Knights’ fees and acres, anno 3 Henry 4, 40. Survey of, 117 Stukeleigh, Thomas, 115 Suffolk, Earl of, 114 Swallows, 25

Taluran, John de, (temp. Ed. 2), 51 Tanner, arms of, 142 Temple, parish, 127 Tenements, customary, duchy tenure, conventionary tenants, 36 Thurlebere, John de, 52 Thurnay, Simon, 58 Tide-well, spring, 138 Tin, the chief product of Cornwall, 7. Tin works of two kinds, load works, stream works, 8. New working, 9. Color, bigness, adventurers in the tin works, the captain, labourers, tools, manner of working, 10. Conveyance, loose earth, rocks, damps, water, engines, adits, manner of dressing, breaking, stamping, drying, 11. Crazing, washing, blowing, sharing block tin, melting, 12. Severall, wastrell, bounds, doales, measure, towns and times for coinage, 13. Postcoinage, officers, coinage price, usury of London merchants, 14. Of country dwellers, 15. Jurisdiction, 16, &c. See Jurisdiction. Preemption, 17 Tintogel castle, 120 Townsmen, 65 Tracy, Thomas de, (temp. Henry 3), 50 Treasure not found, 136 Trebegean, 159 Tredeleberg, Henry de, (temp. Rich. 1), 49 Tredenick, arms of, 149 Trees, for fruit, 20. Fuel, timber, 21 Treffrey of Foy, pedigree and arms of, 134. Mr. William, 83, 88, 134 Trefusis of Trefusis, arms of, 150. Mr. John, 16 Tregian of Wolveden, pedigree and arms, 140 Tregny, 141 Tregodeck, arms of, 117 Tregonwel, Sir John, 61 Tregose, arms of, 151 Tregoyes, Lords, 63 Tregury, Michael, 59 Treiagu, John de, (temp. Ed. 2), 50 Trelawney of Poole, pedigree and arms, 117. Sir Jonathan, 83, 88 Trem, Walter de, 52 Trematon castle, 111 Tremayn, Mr. Richard, 140. His arms, 141 Trenaga, Richard de, 52 Trenance, pedigree and arms, 148 Trenowith, Sir Henry, 141 Trevanion of Caryhayes, pedigree and arms, 141. Mr. Charles, 83, 87, 88, 141 Trevisa, arms of, 117. Of Crocadon, arms of, 114. John, 59 Trewardreth, 136 Trewynard, Martin, 21 Trewynt, Stephen de, 52 Trewythen, Stephen de, 52 Trigge hundred, 92, 93. Knights’ fees and acres, anno 3 Henry 4, 42. Survey of, 123 Tristram, Sir, 61 Trivet, Thomas, 59 Truro, 141 Tynten, John de, (temp. Ed. 2), 51 Tynton, John de, 52

Valletort, Reginald de, (t. (Ric. 1), 49. Philip de, temp. Hen. 3), 50 Veale of Bodmin, 62 Vivian, Mr., 142. His arms, 142. Hannibal, 83, 88 Volunteers, 84

Wadebridge, 143 Wallingford castle, 80 Warbeck, Perkyn, 98, 124, 155 Waters of Cornwall, fresh springs, rivers, ponds, sea, 26 Waunford, Thomas de, 52 Weights, 54 West Wibilsher hundred, 92, 94. Knights’ fees and acres, anno 3 Henry 4, 42. Survey of, 127 Wibilsher hundred, East and West, see East and West Wideslade of Tregarrick, a Cornish rebel, 98, 131. His son, called Sir Tristram, 131 Wike, St. Mary, 119 Williams of Probus, a farmer and patriarch, 140. John, a physician, 60 Wise, William, (temp. Hen. 3), 50 Wivel, house of Mr., 111 Wolsey, Cardinal, 61 Woodcocks, 25 Woods, 21 Worms, 21 Wotton, 110 Wray of Trebigh, William, 88, 117. His pedigree and arms, 117 Wray, George, 62 Wreck, 27 Wrestling, 75

Yeomanry, 66

References from the folios of the original edition of Carew’s Survey to the pages of Lord Dunstanville’s edition.

Edition by Lord Original Edition. Dunstanville. Folio Page 5 11 10 31 15 47 20 62 25 82 30 94 35 106 40 121 45 129 50 136 55 147 60 171 65 180 70 188 75 197 80 205 85 214 90 223 95 230 100 239 105 248 110 260 115 271 120 282 125 292 130 304 135 315 140 326 145 345 150 362 155 378 160 387

INDEX.

Abbat, derivation of, ii. 61 ―――― of St. German’s, ii. 59 Abbe Tone, or abbey town, ii. 59 Abbitown, now St. German’s, i. 32 Abbot, Mr. i. 125 Abbytone, ii. 62 Abchurch, St. Mary, rectory, London, i. 72 Aberdeen, i. 247 Abergavenny, Lord, i. 87 Abernethy, now St. Andrew’s, iv. 105 Abingdon abbey, i. 342 Abraham, i. 414 Acacia armata, iv. 181 ―――― dealbata, iv. 183 ―――― lopantha, iv. 183 Achaia in Greece, iv. 161 Achelous, the river god, ii. 161 Achym, William, monument to, iii. 292.――Thomas, family arms, and etymology of the name, iv. 23 Acland, Sir John, iii. 271. Sir Thomas, 42, 274. Sir T. D. 271.――Of Killerton, iv. 16. Colonel, 185.――Family, ii. 416 Acre, comparison of the Cornish, Saxon, and Norman, iii. 388 Acres, the number of in Cornwall, Appendix I. iv. 177 Act of Parliament for improving Truro, iv. 80 Acton castle, iii. 311 Acton of Acton Scot, i. 400 Addis, i. 417.――John and William, iii. 38 Adelredus, Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415 Adelstowe, iii. 277, 278 bis Adis of Plymouth, i. 420 Adlington, John, iv. 77 Admiralty, Nicholas Trevanion, commissioner of the, iv. 116 Adobed, Reginald, i. 134 Adour, river, iv. 159 Adredus, Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415 Adrian, Emperor, i. 393――iv. 117 Adrian, Pope, ii. 212 Adriatic sea, iv. 172 Adulphus, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415 Advent, alias St. Anne parish, i. 62, 129, 132――ii. 401 bis, 408――iii. 222 ADVENT parish, by Hals, situation, ancient state, boundaries, etymology of name, saint, church patron, land tax, i. 1. By Tonkin, name, Trethym. By Whitaker, etymology, saint’s history 2. By Lysons, villages, manor of Trelagoe. By the Editor, statistics. Geology by Dr. Boase 3 Adwen, St. history of, i. 2 Æschylus, iii. 34 Africa, iii. 187 bis Agapanthus umbellatus, iv. 181 Agar, Mrs. i. 384.――Hon. C. B. ii. 381. Mr. 57. Mrs. 197, 258, 348.――Mr. iv. 44 Agincourt, battle of, iii. 316 Agnes, St. iii. 312, 313 ―――― St. church, iii. 176 ―――― St. island, ii. 358――iv. 173, 174. By Leland, Appendix, 266. Its extent 175.――Lighthouse upon, ii. 358――iv. 175. Its latitude and longitude, and time of high water 175 ―――― St. parish, ii. 234, 235, 317, 402――iii. 380 AGNES, St. parish, by Hals, situation, ancient state, land tax, church, i. 4. Saint’s history 5. Feast, Carne Buryanacht, St. Agnes ball 6. Manors and seats, Mithian 7. Trevellis, Trevawnance 8. By Tonkin, etymology of Pider, Kyvere Ankou, Trevannence; the same from Lysons, Breanis, description and productions 10. By Lysons, harbour at Trevannence Porth 11. Market, Porth Chapel, Chapel at Mola, almshouses and schools 12. By the Editor, remarks on the Tonkin family, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 13. The beacon 14 Agnes’ St. ball or plague, i. 6 ―――― St. beacon, i. 10. Geology 14. Position and height 15 ―――― St. well, i. 12 Agonal, iii. 434 Agricola, Tacitus’s Life of, iii. 162 Agricolaus, i. 52 Ahab, King, i. 329 Aikin, Miss, ii. 77 Ailmer, Earl of Cornwall, i. 73――iii. 462 Ainton, Thomas de, iii. 354 Aire, a farm of Mr. Stephens’s where he and his family shut themselves up from the plague and escaped, ii. 271 Alan River, i. 74, 94, 115, 153, 367, 371, 372 ter., 373, 375――ii. 402 ter.――iii. 277, 334 Albalanda family, ii. 300, 302, 303 bis, 305――iii. 213 Alban, St. the Briton, ii. 64, 75. His Shrine 74 Alban’s, St. town, why named, general council of British clergy at, St. German preached at, ii. 64. St. German’s chapel at 65 ―――― St. battle of, ii. 260――iii. 234 Albemarle, Duke of, ii. 27, 28, 94. His letter of thanks to Capt. Penrose 28 Albigenses, i. 311 Albiniaco, Philip de, ii. 428 Alderscombe, account of, ii. 347, 351 Aldestowe, iii. 278 bis Aldwinick, ii. 77 Aldwyn, Bishop of Lindisfarne, i. 290 bis Alein, by Leland, iv. 262 Alexander, John, ii. 160 ―――― the Third, Pope, iii. 115 Alexandria, ii. 81――iii. 187 bis.――St. Catharine born at, ii. 37 Alfred, King, i. 290 ter.――ii. 155――iii. 74, 241, 262. The Great, visited St. Neot, who appeared to him after death 262. Founded Oxford by his advice 263 Alfridus or Alfricus, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415 Alfwaldus, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415 Algar, Earl of Cornwall, i. 73 bis, 74, 94 bis, 95――iii. 462 Algarus, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415 Algerine pirates stranded in Mount’s Bay, iii. 97 Algiers, governor of, ii. 100 Alien priories, their origin, iv. 99. Suppression 101 All Saints’ day, ii. 150, 287 All Souls’ college, Oxford, ii. 147, 227, 228――iii. 123, 155, 252, 344 Allan family, ii. 286 Allan, St. name explained, iv. 313 Allanson, Rev. George, of St. Tudy, iv. 95 Allen, Ralph, history of, i. 56 ―――― Mr. of Bath, ii. 33. Thomas 233 ―――― St. iv. 24, 75 ―――― St. parish, i. 202, 393, 404, 417――ii. 315, 318――iii. 267, 313. Living of 300 ALLEN, St. parish, by Hals, situation, ancient state, i. 15. Endowment, first fruits, patron, incumbent, impropriation, land tax, Gwarnike 16. Etymology 17. Treonike, tale of a stolen child, families originating from church offices, Tretheris chapel 18. By Tonkin, Gwairnick, Boswellick, Nancarrow 19. Gwerick, Trerice, Trefronick, Talcarne. By Lysons, Villages of Lane and Zela 20. By the Editor, name and feast, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 21 Allett, i. 415 Allin, John, iv. 18 Allington, South, manor, iii. 436 Allworthy, Fielding’s, i. 57 Almes Pool Meadow, ii. 41 Alonzo, King of Castille, i. 311 Aloysoa citra odora, iv. 181 Alps, iii. 121, 186.――Miniature model of, ii. 150 Alpsius, Duke of Devon and Cornwall, ii. 420 Alric, Earl, stole the body of St. Neot, iii. 263 Als, John de, i. 144 Als manor in Buryan, ii. 118 Alse, i. 144. De Alse of Lelant ibid. Alsius, Duke of Devonshire and Cornwall, iii. 415 Altar cloth, curious, i. 157 Altarnun parish, i. 62, 129, 159, 167, 174, 196, 197, 201, 257, 304, 308, 317――ii. 36――iv. 48, 68, 69, 70 Altarnunæ, Alternun, iii. 36, 39, 260, 335.――Alternunn, ii. 229, 377 ALTARNUN parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, i. 21. Ancient state, first fruits, patron, incumbent, land tax, etymology, nunnery 22. Trelawny, Peter Jowle 23. Instances of longevity 24. By Tonkin, etymology. By the Editor, St. Nun, St. Nun’s well 24. St. Nun’s day, extent, villages, fairs, church-tower, statistics. Geology by Dr. Boase 25. Stone quarry, Endsleigh cottage 26 Alured, Col. iv. 186 Alvacot village, iv. 41 Alverton manor, ii. 282――iii. 78, 90, 91, 92, 426. Account of 79, 90.――Lord of, ii. 130 Alvorton, iv. 164 Alwalfus, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415 Alwolfus, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415 Amadis, John, of Plymouth, i. 348 Amall manor, iv. 52 Amalphy in Naples, St. Andrew’s body at, iv. 101 Amaneth, ii. 203, 211 Amator, St. Bishop of Auxerre, ii. 73 bis Ambrose, St. ii. 279 ―――― Well, i. 247 Ambrosius, Aurelius, i. 326 Amellibrea belongs to the Editor, ancient buildings there, iv. 54 America, iii. 183.――Packets for, receive their despatches at Falmouth, ii. 11. Separated from England 245. War with 245, 267.――No heaths in, iii. 173 ―――― South, i. 164――iii. 205 Ammonian harmony, iii. 408 Amorites, Kings of, ii. 285 “Amorous Fantasme, a Tragi-Comedy,” iv. 98 Amural, ii. 367 Amy, Cotton, of Botreaux Castle, Anne, Grace, and Mr. i. 134.――Edward and Rev. James, ii. 49.――Cotton, iii. 235, 236. Edward 232. Grace 235, 236. Rev. James 232, 235, 236. Mr. 235.――Family, iv. 62 Amye, sister of King Arthur, i. 332 Amyll manor, iv. 55 Amys, of Botreaux castle, the coheir of, iv. 45 Anabaptists, iv. 73 Andegavia, now Angiers, i. 335 ter. Andrew, Anne, and John, ii. 253.――Richard, iii. 387 ―――― of Trevellance, Jane or Anne, John, iii. 326, 333 ―――― Thomas, ii. 189――iii. 387.――Mr. ii. 354 Andrew, St. the Apostle, his history, iv. 100. Occasion of his adoption as patron of Scotland 105 ―――― St. church in Stratton, ii. 427 ―――― St. church, Holborn, ii. 267 ―――― St. monastery, university, and city, iv. 105 ―――― St. priory, i. 167 Andromache, iii. 420 Anecdotes of Heraldry by a Lady, iii. 137 Angarder chapel, iii. 314 Angarrack, iii. 343 Ange, Rev. Mr. ii. 24 Angelo, St., Marq. of, in Spain, descended from the Tregians, iii. 381 Angiers in France, iv. 100, 144 Anglesey, i. 295 bis Angove, iv. 128 ―――― family, ii. 236, 241 bis. Abel 241. Reginald 236, 240. Etymology 236.――Richard, iii. 387 Anhele Nunnery, Truro, ii. 315 An Marogeth Arvowed, account of, iii. 430 Anhell, iv. 73 Anjou, Angiers the capital of, iv. 105 “Annals, Firbisse’s,” iv. 146 Anne, Princess, called Anne Eat-all, said to have died from overeating, ii. 15 ―――― Queen, ii. 98――iii. 62 bis, 145, 176, 201, 249, 297 ter.――iv. 21 bis, 23, 116.――The Pitt diamond offered to, i. 68.――Her last Parliament, ii. 98, 287, 348 ――――’s, Queen, bounty, ii. 93 ―――― St. i. 157 ―――― St. parish, see Advent Annual celebrations natural, ii. 288 Annunciation, i. 157 Ansbury, diocese of, ii. 81 Anson, Commodore, iii. 205 Anthology of Greek Epigrams, iv. 87 Anthony family, ii. 275 Anthony parish, ii. 250――iii. 436 ―――― East manor, i. 33――ii. 252 ter.――Description of, i. 37 ―――― East parish, ii. 252――iii. 101 ―――― St. iii. 113. The patron of fishermen 91 ―――― St. of Egypt, history of, i. 28, 29. Festival 31 ―――― St. of Padua, history of, i. 29. Festival 31 ―――― manor, iii. 209 ―――― parish, ii. 1, 2, 17, 50 bis, 319――iii. 110 bis, 128, 380, 456 ANTHONY St., in Kerrier parish, feast, i. 31. Boundaries, situation, ancient state, first fruits, incumbent 32. Land tax, East Anthony, and family of Carew 33. Intsworth 36. By Tonkin, East Anthony. By Editor, Rt. Hon. Reginald Pole Carew, statistics 37. Church monuments, population, incumbent, Geology 38 ―――― in Kerrier Parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, patron, i. 38. Incumbent, land tax, Saint, Trewothike, Roscruge, Denis and Great Denis 39. By Tonkin, Little Dinas, the last place that held out for Charles 1st. By Editor, statistics, antiquities, Geology 40 ―――― in Powder parish, ii. 275, 281――iii. 395. Rocks similar to those in Gerans, ii. 58 ―――― in Powder parish, situation, boundaries, i. 26. Ancient state, history, Rules of Canons Augustine 27. First fruits, patron, land tax, saint’s history and name, Plase, St. Anthony Point 28. By Tonkin, Boswartha, Porth. By the Editor, history of St. Anthony of Egypt, and of St. Anthony of Padua 29. Legend of the latter, by Dr. Darwin 30. Feast, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 31 ―――― Point, i. 28 ―――― Prior of, ii. 51 bis. Priory 277 Anthyllis hermannia, iv. 181 Anticiodorum, St. German, Bishop of, ii. 59 Antiocheis, i. 342 Antiochesis, i. 325 Antiquarian Society, communication of Mr. Arundell upon Theodore Paleologus to, ii. 365 “Antiquities of Cornwall,” ii. 338――iv. 30 Antirrhinum monspessulanum, iii. 63 Antis, John, i. 319 Antonies, St. by Leland, iv. 270, 289 Antron, account of, iii. 445 ―――― of Antron, family, iii. 445 Antwerp, iii. 67. Nuns from, received at Lanhearne 150 Antyer Deweth, iii. 431 Anvilla, Robert de Edune, iv. 77, 82 Anwena, Bishop of Dorchester, iv. 137 Apeley, i. 223 Apennines, ii. 213 Apollo, i. 295 Apparition, treasure discovered by, i. 162 Aquitaine, i. 335――iv. 145 Arabia, iii. 187 Arcedekne, Thomas de, i. 340.――Alice, John and Thomas, Lords, of Warine Family, iii. 405 Archæologia, iii. 244 Archdeacon of East Anthony, Thomas, Walter, and arms, i. 33. And of Haccomb, Philippa, and Sir Warren 33, 64, 262 Arche, Sir Richard, i. 168 Archedecon family, iii. 44. Thomas, Lord de 405 Archer of Trelaske, N. S. ii. 243――iii. 38 bis. Mr. and his brother 338. Family and their monuments 37 ―――― of Trelowick, John, i. 417. John 420. Rev. Mr. 417. William, arms 420 Arcturus, i. 342 Ardent, a 64 gun ship taken by the French and Spanish combined fleets in Plymouth Sound, ii. 246 Ardeverauian, by Leland, iv. 266 Ardevermeur, by Leland, iv. 273 Ardevon parish, ii. 208 Ardfert, diocese of, iii. 434 Argand lamps in the Lizard Lighthouses, ii. 359 Arian clergy, i. 338 ―――― heresy, iii. 59 Arianism, i. 115, 252――iii. 64. St. Dye opposed to, ii. 131 Arians, i. 294――ii. 63. St. Hilary, a violent opponent of 168, 169. Furious hostility of St. Ambrose against 279.――St. Martin opposed them, iii. 122 Aristolochia sempervirens, iv. 181 Aristophanes, ii. 265 Aristotle, ii. 408 Arius, i. 305.――His heresy, ii. 63 Armagh, St., Malachy Archbishop of, ii. 225 Armes in Castle Cairden, iv. 262 Armorica, i. 115――iii. 336 bis.――Or Little Britain, iv. 157 Armorican tongue, iii. 114 Arms of Achym, iv. 23 ―――― Albalonda, ii. 303 ―――― Arcedekne, i. 33――iii. 405 ―――― Archer, i. 420 ―――― Arthur, King, i. 336 ―――― Arundell, i. 162, 405――iii. 142, 149, 270 bis――iv. 72.――Crest, i. 405 ―――― Baldwin, iii. 66 ―――― Barret, ii. 89 ―――― Basset, ii. 239 ―――― Bastard, i. 320 ―――― Beare, i. 405――iv. 22 ―――― Beauchamp, ii. 130 bis ―――― Beel, ii. 252 ―――― Bellot, i. 302 ―――― Bennet, iii. 3 ―――― Berkeley, ii. 11――iv. 14 ―――― Betenson, iii. 23 ―――― Bevill, i. 17――iv. 22, 72 ―――― Bickton, i. 412 ―――― Billing, iv. 95 ―――― Blewet, i. 210 bis――iv. 95 ―――― Bochym, ii. 131, 302 ―――― Bodrigan, ii. 107 bis――iii. 119 ―――― Boggan, ii. 320 ―――― Bone, ii. 353 ―――― Bonithon, i. 302――iii. 226 ―――― Borlase, i. 18――iii. 84 ―――― Boscawen, i. 140 ―――― Bosistow, iii. 35 ―――― Bowden, ii. 303 ―――― Bray, ii. 311 ―――― Budeoxhed, i. 348 ―――― Buller, iii. 249 ―――― Caddock, Earl of Cornw., i. 203 ―――― Call, i. 162 ―――― Camelford borough, ii. 404 ―――― Carlyon, i. 54 ―――― Carmenow, iii. 129――iv. 72 ―――― Carne, i. 10 ―――― Carnsew, ii. 337 ―――― Carrow, i. 35 ―――― Carter, i. 223 ―――― Carverth, ii. 94, 337 ―――― Cavall, ii. 335 bis ―――― Chamond, ii. 414 ―――― Champernown, ii. 254 quat. ―――― Cheyney, iv. 43 ―――― Chynoweth, i. 292 ―――― Coke, i. 395, 396 ―――― Coplestone, ii. 293 ―――― Coren, iii. 3 ―――― Coryton, iii. 162 ―――― Coswarth, i. 211 ―――― Cottell, ii. 352 ―――― Courtenay, iv. 96 ―――― Crane, iii. 387 ―――― Damerell, iii. 61 ―――― D’Angers, iii. 226 ―――― Davies, i. 361 ―――― Davis, i. 144 ―――― Dawnay, iii. 437, 438 ―――― Dinham, i. 170 ―――― Dodson, i. 412 ―――― Dundagell borough, i. 323 ―――― Edgecumbe, iii. 103――iv. 72 ―――― Egleshayle, i. 374 ―――― Erisey, ii. 116――iii. 419 ―――― Ferrers, iii. 134 ―――― Fitzroy, ii. 11 ―――― Fitz-William, ii. 410 ―――― Flammock, i. 85 ―――― Fowey town, ii. 38 ―――― German’s, St. priory, ii. 63 ―――― Glynn, i. 172――ii. 142 ―――― Godolphin, i. 124――ii. 335 ―――― Grosse, iii. 249 ―――― Hare, i. 406 ―――― Harris, ii. 122 ―――― Hawes, ii. 300, 316 ―――― Hawkins, i. 45 ―――― Heale, i. 107 ―――― Heart, ii. 152 ―――― Hele, iv. 152 ―――― Helston borough, ii. 156 ―――― Hemley, i. 384 ―――― Hext, i. 44 ―――― Hill, ii. 136――iii. 191 ―――― Hobbs, ii. 54 ―――― Hoblyn, i. 223 ―――― Hooker, iii. 203 ―――― Howeis, ii. 304 ―――― Ives, St. borough, ii. 258 ―――― Ives, St. town, ii. 271 ―――― Keate, i. 224 ―――― Kekewich, i. 372――ii. 410 ―――― Kelliow, ii. 399 ―――― Kellyow, i. 320 ―――― Kemell, i. 265 ―――― Kempe, ii. 54 ―――― Kendall, i. 319 ―――― Kestell, iii. 112, 113 ―――― Killigrew, ii. 7 ―――― Killiton borough, ii. 310 ―――― King, i. 204 ―――― King John, iv. 71 ―――― Lambron, iii. 316 ―――― Lamellin, ii. 411 ―――― Lanyon, ii. 142, 143 ―――― Laughairne, ii. 316 ―――― Leveale, i. 143 ―――― Ley, i. 396 ―――― Littleton, iii. 227 ―――― Long, i. 378 ―――― Looe, West, borough, iv. 21 ―――― Manaton, ii. 231 ―――― Marney, iii. 65 ―――― Matthew, ii. 337 ―――― Mawe’s, St. borough, ii. 276 ―――― Mawgan, iii. 148 ―――― Megara bishopric, i. 75, 94 ―――― Milliton, i. 125 ―――― Mohun, i. 351――iv. 96 ―――― Molesworth, i. 370 ―――― Morton, iv. 3 ―――― Moyle, ii. 67 ―――― Murth, iv. 25 ―――― Mydhop, i. 320 ―――― Nance, ii. 239――iv. 129 ―――― Nanfan, i. 408 ―――― Nanskevall, or Typpet, iv. 139 ―――― Nansperian, i. 349 ―――― Neville, cognizance, ii. 38 ―――― Nicholls, ii. 339 ―――― Noye, iii. 145, 151 bis ―――― Opie, i. 399 ―――― Oxford, i. 58.――City, ii. 404 ―――― Paleolagus, ii. 365 ―――― Parker, i. 136――ii. 12 bis ―――― Parkings, iv. 140 ―――― Payne, ii. 198 ―――― Paynter, i. 349, 350 ―――― Pendarves, i. 161――ii. 93, 98 ―――― Pendre, i. 143 ―――― Penkivell, i. 297 ―――― Penrose, iii. 443 ―――― Penwarne, iii. 75, 77 ―――― Peter, iii. 176 ―――― Peverell, i. 368 ―――― Polkinghorne, ii. 142 ―――― Polwhele, i. 205 ―――― Pomeroy, i. 297 ―――― Porter, iii. 66 ―――― Prideaux, ii. 242――iii. 56, 279 ―――― Prout, iii. 66 ―――― Pye, iii. 449 ―――― Quarme, i. 256, 422 ―――― Rame, iii. 374 ―――― Randyll, i. 421――ii. 353 ―――― Rashleigh, i. 43 ―――― Ravenscroft, i. 374 ―――― Renaudin, iii. 303 ―――― Reskymer, iii. 133――iv. 96 ―――― Richard, King of the Romans, ii. 8――iii. 169 ―――― Robarts, Earl of Radnor, ii. 380 ―――― Robins, iv. 117 ―――― Robinson, iii. 422 ―――― Rogers, iii. 76 ―――― Romans, see Richard ―――― Roscrow, ii. 337 ―――― Rosogan, i. 400 ―――― Rous, i. 313 ―――― Sandys, iii. 158 bis ―――― Sargeaux, ii. 395 ―――― Scawen, ii. 68 ―――― Scobell, i. 44 ―――― Scobhall, i. 44 ―――― Scrope, iii. 129, 130 ―――― Searle, i. 37 ―――― Seccombe, i. 417 ―――― Serischall, iii. 225 ―――― Seriseaux, iii. 225 ―――― Seyntaubyn, i. 262 ―――― Silly, iii. 237 ―――― Slanning, iii. 76 ―――― Smith, i. 250 ―――― Speccott, i. 379 ―――― Spour, ii. 227 ―――― Sprye, i. 28 ―――― Tencreek, i. 255 ―――― Thomas, ii. 337――iii. 326 ―――― Thoms, iii. 125 ―――― Tonkin, i. 9, 13――iii. 315 ―――― Treago, i. 249 ―――― Treby, i. 412 ―――― Trecarrell, iii. 438 ―――― Tredenham, iii. 361 bis ―――― Tredinick, i. 116――iv. 95 ―――― Treffreye, ii. 43 ―――― Trefusis, iii. 318, 227 ―――― Tregagle, iii. 265 ―――― Tregarthyn, ii. 110 ―――― Tregeare, i. 263, 264 ―――― Tregian, iii. 357 ―――― Tregonell, i. 247 ―――― Tregony borough, i. 296 ―――― Tregoze, i. 39 ―――― Trehaire, iii. 355 ―――― Trehawke, iii. 169 ―――― Trelawder, iv. 95 ―――― Trelawney, i. 23――iii. 169, 295――iv. 96 ―――― Trembleth, iii. 405 ―――― Tremere, ii. 385 ―――― Trenance, iv. 161 ―――― Trencreek, i. 256 ―――― Trengove, iv. 129 ―――― Trenowith, ii. 107 ―――― Trenowth, iv. 72 ―――― Trenwith, ii. 259 ―――― Trethurfe, ii. 353 ―――― Trevanion, iii. 200 ―――― Trevillian, i. 198 ―――― Trevisa, i. 314 ―――― Trewhythenick, i. 207 ―――― Trewinard, i. 136, 346 ―――― Trewolla, ii. 110 ―――― Trewoofe, i. 142 ―――― Trewoolla, i. 206 ―――― Treworthen, iii. 269 ―――― Trewren, i. 237 ―――― Tripcony, ii. 124 ―――― Typpet, iv. 139 ―――― Uter Pendragon, i. 326 ―――― Vaughan, i. 39 ―――― Vere, ii. 185 ―――― Vincent, i. 205――ii. 227 bis ―――― Vivian, i. 76, 94, 222 ―――― Vyvyan, iii. 135 ―――― Walesborough, iii. 116 ―――― Wayte, i. 244 ―――― Webber, ii. 336 ―――― William, i. 53, 396 ―――― Williams, iii. 145 bis, 355 bis, 356 ―――― Winter, ii. 304 ―――― Woolridge, i. 256 ―――― Worth, iii. 60 ―――― Wrey, i. 411 ―――― Yeo, ii. 87 Army, argument upon, ii. 76 Arrish Mow, ii. 57 Arscott, Denis, iv. 157. Tristram 41. Mrs. 157. Family 127, 157 ―――― of Devon, ii. 336 ―――― Mevagissey, Rev. John, iii. 195 ―――― Tetcot, i. 370, 375 Arsenic, process of extracting, iii. 305 Arthur, Francis, i. 282 ―――― King, i. 305, 323, 339 ter., 341, 372, 404――ii. 50, 214, 259, 308, 403 bis.――His parentage, i. 326, 331. Birth 332. History 333. Death 337. His arms 336. Lines upon him 325. Merlin’s prophecy of him 333. His tomb, and finding of his body 337. Lord Bacon’s opinion of him 340.――The British Hector, slain near Camelford, in battle against Mordred, verses upon, ii. 402. Born on the same shore. Stone bearing his name 403――The spot where he received his death wound marked by a stone, iii. 236 ―――― King, acts of, iii. 163 ―――― Prince, Romance of, i. 342 ―――― Duke of Brittany, heir of Richard’s crown, ii. 178 ――――’s admirals, i. 338 ―――― castle, i. 343 ―――― round table, i. 338 ―――― stone, account of, i. 220 ―――― table and tressels of gold, i. 338 Artificial reef, iii. 379 Artire river, iii. 457 Artocarpus, or breadfruit tree, iv. 45 Arun river, iii. 206 Arundell, or Arundale in Sussex, iii. 206 ―――― i. 113, 121, 125, 167, 198, 210, 213, 298, 317 quat., 318, 319, 386, 392, 420, 421 bis. Humphrey 301. John de 405. Sir John 213. Sir John 218. Margery 38. Renphry 125, 418. Sir Renphry 213.――Family, ii. 128, 354, 415. Their property in Cornwall, sale of 147. Rev. F. V. J. 140, 365. Rector of Landulph 387. General 192, 193, 196, 197. Geffery 195. Humphrey, Governor of St. Michael’s Mount 198. Humphrey the rebel 326. Jane 124. John 9. Lord, sale of his property 128. Richard Lord, governor of Pendennis castle 14. William 123. Mr. 123, 124.――Sir John, iii. 332, 396. Richard 267. Thomas 141. Lord 343, 344. Miss 80, 369. Mr. 201. Family 83, 85, 137, 240, 269, 333, 343, 445. Arms 142. Monuments to 151. Origin of name 142, 150. Property 353.――Sir John, iv. 153. Lord 106. Miss 116. A younger branch of the family 16. Arms 72 ―――― of Caryhayes, heir of, iii. 202 ―――― Clifton family, ii. 372. Lived at Clifton ibid. Alexander, Sir John, Mary 375. Thomas, Sir Thomas 371, 373. William 375 ―――― St. Colomb Major, Elizabeth, iii. 318 bis. Thomas ibid. ―――― Gloucestershire, iii. 142 ―――― Lanherne, i. 218, 223, 405 ter. Edmond 121 bis. John, Bishop of Exeter 218. Sir John 415. Sir John or Renfry 120. Lord 170. Renfry 218. Crest 405.――Humphrey, ii. 191, 192. Sir John 145, 146 ter. Family 127, 147, 148, 149.――Sir Edmund, iii. 316. Edward 318. Elizabeth 140, 316 bis, 317. John 140 quater. Sir John, bis. Sir John, Sheriff 141. John, Bishop of Litchfield and Coventry, memoir of, ib. Sir John, the last possessor 142, 150. Sir John 143 bis, 148, 196, 201, 316 bis, 339. John de 269. Ralph 268, 269 bis. Renfry and Renfry 141. Sir Renfry 316 bis. Renfry 316. Richard B. 141. Miss 141. Mr. 140, 357. Family 104, 140, 145, 268, 274, 391. Character of 150. Arms 149, 270. Lines on 149. Name 142. Called “The Great Arundells” 140, 149, 150.――Family, iv. 3, 103, 106, 161 ―――― Lanheme and Wardour family, iv. 154 ―――― Menadarva, i. 161, ter. John ib. Arms 162.――Family, iii. 85 ―――― Sythney, i. 65 ―――― Talverne, i. 222. John 65. Sir John 123. Sir Thomas 346, 356.――Tolverne Grace, iii. 183. Sir John ib. 325 ter. Family 104, 142, 149――ii. 256, 257, 276 bis, 279, 280, 336. Sir John, obtained a pardon for Lady Killigrew 6. Sir Thomas 170 ―――― Tregarthin and Caryhayes, iv. 116 ―――― Trembleth, i. 213, 405.――Mr. ii. 146.――In St. Ervan, Sir R. iii. 149. Family 140 ―――― Tremodart in Duloe, Thomas, iv. 34 ter. Family 34 bis ―――― Trerice, i. 17, 19, 20 bis, 210, 211, 319. John 161. Sir John 415. Lord 415.――John, father of Richard, called John of Tilbury, governor of Pendennis castle, besieged there by parliament forces, ii. 13. Sir John 185. Sent to reduce the Earl of Oxford at St. Michael’s Mount 183. Stormed it, killed, and his troops repulsed, his fortune told 184. Richard, his marriage 13.――Anne, iii. 199, 201. John 199, 201, 269. Sir John 213. Sir John, story of 274. Sir John, called “The Tilbury” and “John for the King” 270, 274. John Lord 267, 325. Monument to Margaret his wife 271. Ralph 270. Sir Richard first Lord, and his grandson 274. Miss 141. Family 104. Arms and vault 270.――Family, iv. 13, 16 ―――― Trethall, John and Prudence, ii. 320 ―――― Trevethick family, iii. 142, 149.――Or Trevithick, Thomas, i. 223 bis. Family 223 ―――― Wardour, Lords, iii. 142, 149, 150 bis. Lord 352 bis. Henry 8th Lord, sold his Cornish property 151 Arundell castle, iii. 142 bis. ―――― Ederick, Saxon Earl of, iii. 142 ―――― town, iii. 142 bis. Arundo aremaria, iii. 6 Arwennak, by Leland, iv. 270 Arwinick, i. 398――iii. 75.――Manor, etymology, ii. 4, 17. Inhabitants, house built by Sir John Killigrew 5. Present possessor 6 Arwinike, i. 136, 137 Arworthal manor, account of, iii. 302 Asa, William, ii. 192 Asan, brother-in-law of Thomas Paleolagus, ii. 367 Asaph, St. Jeffery of Monmouth, Bishop of, i. 342 Asche, by Leland, iv. 281 Ashburnham, Lord, iv. 14 Ashmolean museum, i. 300――iii. 50, 52 Asia, the Lesser, iv. 172 ―――― Minor, the castles of, ii. 423 Asparagus officinalis, iii. 260 Asperville, Oliver de, iv. 28 Asshe, by Leland, iv. 291 Assium, or Assissum, i. 80, 81, 174 Aster argophyllus, iv. 181 Astle, Thomas, ancient MS. in his library, iv. 190 Astley, ii. 186 Astronomer royal, ii. 222, 223 Atery, ii. 418 Athanasian Creed, i. 252 Athelstan, Bishop of Cornwall, his see, iii. 415. His successors ibid. ―――― the 2nd Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415 ―――― King, i. 139, 240――ii. 59, 60, 61, 69, 158――iii. 277, 278 bis, 322 bis, 430, 433, 462――iv. 40. Separated Devon from Cornwall 104 Athenodorus, St. History of, i. 386, 388 Atlantic Ocean, i. 388――ii. 283――iii. 98, 426, 429, 430 Attall Saracen, i. 414 Attica, iv. 161 Atticus, a Greek geographer, ii. 172 Attornies, Cornish, ii. 253 Atwell, Rev. Hugh, i. 421.――John, ii. 189 Auburne, Nicholas, ii. 189 Aubyn, St., family, i. 32, 93――iv. 54, see Seynt Aubyn Audley, James Touchet, Lord, i. 86, beheaded 87 Augmentation office, ii. 412, 425――iii. 286, 293――iv. 113.――Copy from, ii. 429. Roll preserved in 87 Augo, William de, Archdeacon of Cornwall, ii. 426 Augustine, i. 410 ―――― St. i. 312.――Relates miracles of St. Hilary, ii. 169 ―――― black monks of, iii. 111 ―――― bull, iv. 100 ―――― canons, i. 27, 73 bis――iii. 456. College of in St. Colomb 141. Priory of 458 ―――― friars, i. 83 Augustinum, iv. 117, or Autun 121 Augustus, Emperor, i. 386 ―――― title of, assumed by the Emperor Charles VIII. 369 Auld Lang Syne, iii. 298 Aulerci, several places in Gallia so called, iv. 116 ―――― Branovices, ib. ―――― Cenomanni, now Mans, ib. ―――― Diablentres, ib. ―――― Eburorices, in Normandy, ib. Auncell, Richard, ii. 209 Aurelian, Emperor, i. 214 bis, 236, 388 Aurivale, ii. 428 Austell, William de, and his arms, i. 42 ―――― St. parish, i. 52 bis, 59, 106, 128, 152, 416, 418, 423――ii. 314――iii. 47, 55, 58 bis, 198, 253, 391, 394, 395, 450, 455――iv. 54, 104, 110 AUSTELL, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient state, etymology, history of church, patronage, incumbent, i. 41. Impropriation, value of Benefice, land tax, divisions, Treverbyn 42. Penrice, Menagwins 43. Roseundle, Roscorla, Trenaran, Merther, story of Mr. Laa 44. Hawkins family, Towington, Upcott family 45. By Norden, Polruddon. By Tonkin, Tewington 46. Pentwan, Pelniddon, Trenorren. By the Editor, rise owing to mines and china clay 47. Villages, church and tower, font, almshouse 48. Antiquities, statistics, incumbent, Geology by Dr. Boase 49. Elvan courses, streamworks 50 Austell, St. river, i. 47 ―――― town, i. 41, 45, 48――ii. 47――iii. 121, 190, 195, 196.――Market and fairs, i. 42. Formerly a village, great road through, export, harbour at Seaporth 47. Railroad finished 1832, 48.――Road to Fowey from, iv. 109 Austelles, St. by Leland, iv. 274 Austen, J. T. representative of the Treffrye family, a spirited and judicious miner, ii. 46 ―――― place in Fowey, J. T. iii. 348 bis. Austin canons, cell of in Lancell’s parish, ii. 415 bis. ―――― St. iii. 167, 284, 285.――Bishop of Rochester, ii. 279, 287, 288 bis. ―――― Abbey, Canterbury, iii. 114, 115 Austol’s, St. by Leland, iv. 289 Austria, Leopold Archduke of, made Richard 1st prisoner, ii. 178 Auvergne, ii. 86 Auxerre, diocese of, ii. 75 ―――― St. Amator, Bishop of, ii. 73 bis. ―――― St. German, Bishop of, ii. 63, 64 ―――― oratory of St. Morice at, ii. 75 Auxona, R. ii. 64 Avalde, i. 407 Avallon, i. 337 bis. Avant, i. 223 Ave, etymology, i. 182 Ave-Mary lane, ib. Avery family, i. 204 bis, 224.――Captain, a celebrated buccaneer, supposed to have buried treasure, ii. 128.――Mr. iii. 235 bis.――William, iv. 77 Avoh beacon, iii. 394, 401 Avon river, in Somersetshire, ii. 292, 293 Avranches, Augustine, Bishop of, ii. 208 Axceolanum, or Hexham, the see of, iv. 42 Axminster, i. 328 ―――― hundred, iv. 15 Aylesbury, i. 258 Ayleworth, Captain, iii. 183 Ayre, St. iii. 55 Ayscough, Sir George, his engagement with the Dutch, ii. 25. Entertained at Le Feock by Captain Penrose 26. Sailed to the Sound 27 Ayscough’s Catalogue, iii. 154 Ayssheby, ii. 430

Babb of Tingraze, Devon, iv. 95 Babylon, iii. 434 Babylonish captivity, iii. 69 Bacchus and Sergius, Saints, Abbey at Angiers, iv. 99, 105. Their history 100 Bacon, Lord Chancellor, i. 340. His History of Henry VII. 87 ―――― Sir Nicholas, Lord Chancellor, married a daughter of Sir Anthony Cooke, ii. 16 Badcock, Henry, iii. 86 bis. Rev. Henry 117. Margery and Mrs. 86 Badgall village, ii. 377 Bagg, James, iii. 358 Bagge, Fisart, a sea captain, ii. 36. Sir James, of Plymouth 13 Bagwell, i. 209, 407 Baines, Mr. ii. 124.――Captain, iii. 91 Bake, ii. 76. Account of 67 Baker, Nicholas, ii. 423.――The Chronicler, iii. 163, 182.――His Chronicle, ii. 60, 182, 342――iii. 144.――Family, iv. 109 Baldue mine, account of, ii. 309 Baldwin of Colquite, arms of, iii. 66 ―――― Exceter, iv. 111 Bale, i. 295――iii. 277――iv. 111, 145.――His writings on Britain, ii. 62 Balfour, Sir William, iv. 188 Baliol College, Oxford, i. 318 bis――ii. 147――iii. 97, 344 Ballachise, iv. 146 Balls, Mary, ii. 365. Mary, wife of Theodore Paleolagus 372. William, her father ib. William 365. No traces of the family remaining 372 Baltic sea, iv. 21 Bampfield, ii. 293 Banbury, Richard, iii. 382 ―――― borough, Mr. Praed, M.P. for, iii. 10 Banda, in the East Indies, capture of, ii. 216 Bandy, Rev. Daniel, of Warleggon, iv. 129 Banfield, Mr. iii. 125 Bangor, Stanbury, Bishop of, iii. 255 ―――― monastery, i. 289 Bankes, Anne, F. and Henry, iii. 220 Bant, William, iii. 42 Baptist, St. John, iii. 82 Baragwaneth, John, iv. 55 Barbadoes, iii. 183.――Colonel Kendall, governor of, iv. 23 Barbiague, i. 153 Bards, druidical, i. 192 ―――― verses on Arthur’s sepulchre, i. 337 Barham, Dr. iii. 11, 100 Baring, Alexander, i. 151――ii. 314 Barnet heath, anecdote of the battle of, ii. 182 Barnewell, George, iii. 102 Barnstaple, iv. 107 Baron, family, Jasper, Mr. iii. 377 Baron of Lestwithiel, Mr. iii. 24 ―――― of Trelynike, Christopher, i. 379 Baronius, i. 206, 214.――His agonal, iii. 434 Barret family, John, ii. 89. Roger 192. Mr. and arms 89 Barrett, Mr. ii. 89 Barrow, an ancient, i. 187 ―――― John, ii. 192 Barrows, the five, iv. 32 Barry, ii. 119 bis. Bartholomew hospital cased with Bath stone, i. 58 Bartholomew, “De Propriet. Rerum,” i. 163 ―――― St. his feast, ii. 220――iii. 324.――Act of Uniformity to be professed before, ii. 220. Two thousand clergy deprived of their benefices upon, in 1662, 307 Bartine castle, i. 230 Barton, etymology of, ii. 152, 153 ―――― Charles, iii. 154 Basil, Emperor, his menology, ii. 36 ―――― St. his Sermon in praise of St. Julyot, ii. 274 Basill, account of, i. 198. Etymology 199 Basingstoke hundred, ii. 208 ―――― manor, ii. 208 Baskeville, i. 206 Basset, i. 160, 266. Sir Francis 114.――Francis, ii. 413. Sir Francis, ordered to defend St. Michael’s mount, the mount granted to him 213. His cup, given to the corporation of St. Ives 259, 271. Thomas, William 428.――Richard, iv. 28. Sir Thomas 187 Basset of Pencoose, William, i. 391 ―――― Trewhele, John, i. 391 ―――― of Tyhiddy, Sir Francis, i. 163 ter. John 86. J. P. 259.――Family, ii. 199, 234, 235, 238 bis, 239, 241, 242. Hon. Frances 250. Francis 98, 235, 242 bis, 243 ter. Sir Francis 235 ter., 236, 243 bis, 245, 246, 247, 248 ter. Baron 249. George 239. John 188, 235 ter., 243. John P 239, 242, 244. Sir John 239. Lady 240. Lucy 243. William 235 bis. Mr. 236. Rev. Mr. 234. Mrs. 242. Arms 239.――Francis, iii. 38 ter., 229, 381, 445. Francis, Lord De Dunstanville 239, 271. John 239. J. P. 380. Margaret 445. William 381. Lady 390. Miss 8. Mr. 133, 381 bis. Seized by Mr. Boscawen 217. Mrs. heir of the Pendarves family 303. Family 384, 390.――John, iv. 152, 154 bis. Family 154 ―――― Umberleigh, i. 368.――Sir John, ii. 239 ―――― signature to Magna Charta, ii. 242 Bassett, ii. 176 Bastard, i. 319. Sir William 319. Arms 320 Baswedneck manor, iv. 166 Bate, Sarah, i. 355 Bath, i. 56――ii. 215, 295――iii. 123, 252 ―――― Battle of Lansdowne, near, ii. 349 ―――― John, Earl of, i. 104.――Earl of, governor of Pendennis castle, ii. 14. John, Earl of 6. Bought St. Mawe’s castle 277. Sir John Grenville, created Earl of 345. John Grenville, Earl of 339, 340. His iniquitous proceedings to recover property sold by his father 333. Earls of 340 ―――― three brothers named, iv. 3 ―――― oolite, a house at Truro, built of, ii. 33 ―――― and Wells, Thomas Ken, Bishop of, one of the seven, iii. 299 ―――― stone transported to Truro and London, and St. Bartholomew hospital cased with, i. 58 Bathsheba, i. 329 Bathurst, Allen and Jane, iii. 249 Batten, John, character of, and of Rev. J. H. iii. 95. Family 94 and 95 Battin, account of, ii. 227 ―――― of Battin family, Miss, ii. 227 Battle Abbey Roll, iii. 142 ―――― deanery of, i. 147 Bauden, i. 247, 397 ―――― of Gudden, Reginald, strange story of, ii. 300 Baudree, i. 243 ―――― Rev. Mr. iii. 182 Bavi, in Italy, iv. 172 Bawden, i. 8――ii. 316 ―――― of Looe, Mr. iv. 32 Bawdry, Rev. Daniel, of Quethiock and Worlegan, iii. 372 Baxter, etymology of, iv. 8 quin. Bay of Biscay, ii. 246 Bayley, Rev. J. vicar of St. Mervyn, iii. 179 Bayliff family, ii. 259, 260 ―――― of Blackmore, iii. 213 Bayton parish, iii. 118 Beachey head, iii. 10. High water at 98 Beacon, a Danish intrenchment, ii. 56 ―――― etymology and purpose of, iii. 394 Beale, Matthew, i. 2――iv. 44 ―――― of St. Teath, i. 2 Bealtine, in Cornwall, fires on May day, in honour of the sun, iv. 8 Bear, i. 224 ―――― Grace, William, ii. 396 Beare, Mr. ii. 261.――Thomas, iv. 22. William 22 bis. Miss, Mr. and arms 22 ―――― of Killigarth, iv. 161 ―――― Trenarall, George, and his arms, i. 405 Bearford, ii. 256 Beauchamp family, ii. 130 quat. Guy 130. John 123, 133. Joseph 133. Stephen 130. William 130 bis. Arms 130.――Lord, and his nephew, iv. 186 ―――― monument at Gwennap, ii. 135 ―――― of Bletsho, ii. 130 ―――― of Chyton, Luke and Peter, iii. 315 ―――― of Hatch, ii. 130 ―――― Earl of Warwick, arms, ii. 130 ―――― of Trevince, Peter, iii. 303 Beauford, John, i. 216 ―――― of Lantegles, i. 105 ―――― James, i. 222 ―――― John, Duke of Somerset, John his father, and Margaret, iii. 65 Beaulieu or Bewley abbey, Hants, ii. 190, 191, 327. King John’s reasons for founding it, Latin 327. English 328. Afforded sanctuary to Queen Margaret and Perkin Warbeck 329 Beaumont, ii. 119 bis. William 195. William Lord 185.――Mrs. Dorothy and her daughter, iii. 38 Beauties of England and Wales, i. 183, 194――iii. 244 Beavill of Guarnack or Killygarth, ii. 332 bis. Becagh, Thomas, iv. 146 Becanus, Goropius, i. 192 Becher, the introducer of reverberatory furnaces, iii. 343 Becker, i. 366 Becket, St. Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury, iii. 177.――His day 177, 179. His death 177. His church in St. Mervyn 177. One of his murderers 246 ―――― of Curturtholl, iii. 170 bis. Arms 170 Bedack or Bessake manor, account of, ii. 353, 354 bis. Beddoes, Dr. iii. 94. His life, chemical experiments, and character 251 Bede, the Venerable, iii. 167, 364――iv. 42, 43.――Has preserved a letter of Pope Gregory in his Ecclesiastical History, ii. 288 Bedeverus, i. 335 Bedford, i. 294――ii. 76 ―――― Earl of, i. 65. Francis Russell, Earl of 65. Duke of 26 ―――― Daniel, ii. 160.――Rev. Mr. 276. Miss, iii. 196.――Rev. John of St. Wenn, iv. 137, 140 Bedfordshire, i. 369――Chalk hills in, iii. 10. The Cornwalls 22 times sheriffs of 449 Bedingfield, Sir Robert, iii. 140 Bedoke or Besake in Lasake, iii. 359 Beel arms, ii. 252 Beer, Mr. ii. 259 Beere, Mr. iii. 65 Bees, St. in Cumberland, iii. 158 Beiltine in Ireland, see Bealtine Belfour, i. 113 Belimaur, father of Cassibelan, i. 10 Bell rock, near the Forth, lighthouse upon, iii. 378 Belloprato, Rodolphus de, ii. 107 Bellot, i. 301, 302. Anne, Christopher 349. Francis 356. Renatus 302, 303. Arms 302.――Rev. Mr. of Maddern, iii. 78. Family 423 ―――― of Bochim, i. 357. Of Bochym 356――ii. 227 Bells, ceremony of christening, iii. 210 Benalleck chapel, i. 242 Benedict’s, St. monks, i. 73 Benedictine abbey, ii. 81 ―――― monastery, i. 341 ―――― monks, iv. 25.――Priory of, on St. Michael’s mount, ii. 174, 176.――Walter de Exeter said to be one, iv. 111 ―――― nuns, i. 73, 176.――Monastery of, in France, iii. 141 ―――― rule, iv. 100 Benedictines, priory of, at West Conworthy, iii. 103 Benedictus Abbas, i. 96 Benett’s, barton, iv. 152, 154 ―――― St. in Lanyvet, iii. 111 Bengal, iii. 188 Benham, Lord, i. 124 Beni, i. 77 Benin, bight of, iv. 90 Bennet, Rev. Joseph, ii. 338. His father 339. Richard 192.――R. G. iii. 274.――Adam and Anne, iv. 75. Rev. John 40 ―――― of Renton, Devon, John, iv. 75 ter. ―――― of Hexworthy, Edward, iii. 2 bis, 3; Honor and Richard 3. Family 2. Arms 3 ―――― St. Monastery in Lanivet, ii. 338 bis. Interesting remains, history involved in obscurity, attached to Bodmin priory 386. Made defence in civil war, modern vicissitudes 387.――Pider, an alien priory, iv. 101 Bennett, i. 276――ii. 212 ―――― George, ii. 377 Benthamia passifera, iv. 181 Bere, George, i. 406 ―――― of Leskeard, i. 406 ―――― Alston, Devon, ii. 118 Berengarius of Angiers, i. 110, 111 Bergh in Flanders, iii. 33 ―――― St. Winnox or Winoe, iv. 157 Beriman, George, iv. 55 Berimus, St., Bishop of Dorchester, ii. 60 Berkeley, James Lord, i. 313.――Charles, Viscount Falmouth, ii. 11. Lord Berkeley of Stratton 23, 117. Sophia, his daughter 23, 117. Viscount Falmouth’s arms 11. Barbara, iii. 201. Thomas, Lord 163. William, Lord B. of Stratton 201. Judge 144. Family 90.――Sir John, iv. 14 quat. Lord Berkeley of Stratton, and arms 14. Family, ii. 192――iv. 139 Berkley, of Bruton, Somersetshire, Sir Maurice, iv. 14 Berkshire, ii. 139 Bernard, i. 410 ―――― St. ii. 225 Bernard of Bodmin, Benedict and John, iii. 324 Bernevas, iv. 160 Berriman, Henry, i. 273, 276 Berry, John, ii. 196 ―――― court, Barton, account of, ii. 232 ―――― park, iv. 31 bis, 32 Berrycomb, i. 93 Berryhill, i. 93 Bertin, St. Abbot of Sithian, iv. 157 Berwick, ii. 76 ―――― John de, iii. 2 Berwoldus, Bishop of Cornwall, ii. 60 Bespalfan chapel, i. 225 Best, i. 391 ―――― of St. Wenn, Edward, his booty at Penzance, iii. 82 Betenson, family and arms, iii. 23 Betham, Sir William, iv. 144 Bethsaida, St. Andrew born at, iv. 100 Bettesworth, John, LL.D. and John, iii. 205 ―――― of Clithurst, Thomas, iii. 206 ―――― of Fyning, in Rogate parish, Sussex, Thomas, iii. 205. Family 206. Nine descents 205 Bettison, Richard, iii. 358 Beverley, i. 141 Bevill, John, i. 406. Sir Richard 16. John 17. Descent of the family 16. Arms 17.――Elizabeth, iv. 22, 162. John 22. Peter, Philip, and Sir William 22, 162. Arms 22, 72 ―――― of Gwarnack family, iv. 22, 162 ―――― family, monument to one of them, iv. 36 ―――― of Killigarth, in Talland, ii. 343 Bewes of Carnedon, Thomas, iii. 459 Beyworthye, ii. 430 Bicketon, account of, i. 410 Bickford, i. 223, 349 ―――― of Deansland, Devon, Arscott, iv. 130 Bickton, account of, i. 412 ―――― of Bickton, arms, i. 412 Biddulph, Sir Theophilus, of Westcombe, Kent, iii. 162 Bideford, ii. 221 ―――― bridge, erection of, ii. 341 Bigberry of Bigberry, Sir William, i. 346 Bignonia grandiflora, iv. 181 Bikesleya, Osbert, ii. 427 Billett, ii. 212 ―――― Rev. Mr. iii. 171 Billing of Hengar, family and heir of, iv. 94, 95. Gentlemen of blood and arms, their marriages and arms, Tredinick gave the same, iv. 95 Billinge, Sir Richard, iii. 140. Richard 141, 150 Bilson, iii. 206 Bindon or Bindown hill, iii. 250, 253――iv. 32 Binerton, ii. 260 Binks, Philip, ii. 189 Binmerton, chapel at, i. 288 Binony manor, iv. 16 bis. Biny, i. 329 Birch of Pembrokeshire, Sir Robert, and his daughter, iii. 326 Bird, Mr. monument to, and Mr. of Devon, iii. 426 Birge, Berty, i. 149 Birkhead, Mr. i. 8 Birne, Patrick, iv. 146 Birthdays, celebration of, ii. 228 Bishop, Rev. Mr. i. 224. Family 213.――Rev. Mr. ii. 130.――Mr. memoir of, iii. 143 Bishop’s book, iii. 380 ―――― jurisdiction, Temple parish lies out of, iv. 149 ―――― Tawter, iii. 415 Bishops, committal of seven to the Tower, iii. 297, 298. Feelings excited by it 298. List of their names 299. Song on the subject 298 Blacaler, John, ii. 195 Black, Ensign, i. 267, 275 ―――― Book of the Archbishops of Dublin, iv. 146 ―――― canons, i. 73 ter. ―――― friars mendicant, i. 83 ―――― Haye, iv. 161 Black jack, ii. 310 ―――― monks, iii. 232 ―――― prince, ii. 155, 176――iii. 239 ―――― rock, ii. 1, 2 ―――― island, iv. 72, 230 Blackburn, i. 153 Blackheath, Kent, iii. 388.――Rebel camp at, i. 87 Blackston, i. 109. Of London 204 Blake family, ii. 362. General 26. His defeat of Van Tromp and De Witt, and his own defeat by Van Tromp 25. Entertained by Captain Penrose, illiterate 26. His origin 27 Blake of Ford castle, Northumberland, Anne, and Sir Francis, iii. 200, 201 Blakiston, Sir M. Bart., iii. 138 Blanchard manor, ii. 304. Account of by Hals 300. By Tonkin 302. Tin-mines in 302 Blandinberg, ii. 127 Blase, St. by Leland, iv. 275 ―――― St. church, iii. 372 bis. Blatchford, Mr. iii. 14 Blathwayte, i. 221. William 221 Blayble farm, ii. 256 Blaze, St. i. 41 ―――― History of, by Hals, i. 52. By the Editor, Patron of cloth manufacture 55, and of Ragusa 55. His feast 53 Blazey, St. bay, iv. 124 ―――― bridge, i. 60――iii. 57, 59 ―――― highway, i. 56 ―――― parish, i. 41, 152――ii. 314, 393, 398――iii. 55, 58 ――iv. 99 BLAZEY, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient state, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, rector, saint’s history, i. 52. Fair, Rosilian, principal inhabitants 53. By Tonkin, Roselian, Trenawick, Trengreene 54. By the Editor, saint’s history, broadcloth manufacture 55. Birthplace of Ralph Allen, Esq., his history 56. Statistics and Geology by Dr. Boase 59 Blekennock town, iv. 229 Blencowe, Mr. Justice, iii. 417 Bletius, Prince of Wales and Cornwall, iii. 80 Blewet of Colon, Miss, and arms, iv. 95, see Bluet ―――― of Cornwall, i. 210. Colon 210. Robert 210 bis. Arms 210 ―――― of Hampshire, arms, i. 210 Blewet of Holcomb Rogus, i. 210 Blewett, George, iv. 214, 215 bis. John 215, 216. Mr. 216, 219. His large property 219. Family monuments 219 Blewett of Marazion, George, ii. 83 Bligh, John, i. 216. Family 78, 396.――Captain William, of the Bounty, iv. 45. Family 139 ―――― of Botadon, i. 237 ―――― of Botathon, William, ii. 304 ―――― of Carnedon family, iii. 459 Blissland, i. 103, 129, 167, 174――ii. 56, 151 ―――― church, robbery of, i. 61 ―――― manor, jurisdiction and possessors, i. 61 ―――― parish (or Bliston) in Trigshire, iii. 125, 224――iv. 48, 49, 50 BLISSLAND parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, i. 60. Value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land-tax, ancient state, jurisdiction of manor, possessors, tin-mines 61. By Tonkin, etymology 61. By the Editor, statistics, two incumbents in 115 years, Geology 62 Blockhead, ii. 331 Bloflemmen parish, iii. 463 Blois of Penryn, John, Roger, and family, iii. 62 Bloughan Pille, by Leland, iv. 277 Blount, Elizabeth, i. 64 Blount’s Tenures, i. 153――iii. 442――iv. 7 Bloyse, Mr. ii. 97 Bluet, Edward, i. 316 ―――― of Little Colan, Colan, iii. 318. Elizabeth 319. Richard 318 bis, 319 Bluett, Mrs. i. 315.――Mr. ii. 375――Rev. T. L. of Mullion, iii. 258 Bluisdale, St. Patrick born at, ii. 65 Boaden, ii. 130 Boar of Cornwall, i. 333 Boase, Dr. ii. 340, 352.――Mr. iii. 95. Dr. H. S. secretary to the Geological Society 95, 100, 110 bis, 118. His Geology of Cornwall 371. Family 94 Boats with paddle wheels, iv. 17 Bocarne, i. 369. Etymology 85 Bocconia cordata, iv. 181 Bochym, i. 356. Account of 301, 303 ―――― arms, ii. 131 ―――― of Bochym, John, i. 301. Arms 302.――Robert, ii. 192 ―――― in Cury, ii. 139 Boconnoc, i. 112 bis, 113 ―――― downs, i. 113, 114――iv. 186, 188 ―――― parish, ii. 397――iii. 347――iv. 159, 184.――Living of, iii. 67, 451 ―――― or Boconnock manor, iii. 437.――By Hals, possessors from Edward III., i. 63. By Tonkin, etymology 67. By the Editor, finest seat in Cornwall, and description 68. Governor Pitt’s purchase of 68 BOCONNOCK parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, antiquity as a manor, no endowed church 1294, patronage, land tax, i. 63. Statistics, poor rate, and Geology 72 Bocunyan, ii. 151 Bodanan tenement, iv. 43 Bodcuike, iii. 449 Boddenham, i. 91 Bodecastle, iii. 233 Bodenek, and trajectus, by Leland, iv. 279, 280, 290 Bodenick, ii. 411. Account of 410 Bodeworgy, i. 213 Bodilly Vean, ii. 137 ―――― Veor, ii. 137 Bodleat castle, iv. 229 Bodley, John, ii. 196 Bodman or Bodmin bishopric, i. 73――ii. 95.――Bishop of, i. 231, 250――ii. 299――iv. 116 ―――― borough, i. 367, 368――iv. 46.――Boyer, mayor of, ii. 198. George Hunt, M.P. for 381.――William Peter, M.P. for, iii. 333. S. T. Spry, M.P. for, ii. 35――iii. 446 ―――― Martin, Canon of, i. 97, 98 ―――― church of St. Peter at, i. 74, 76. Steeple 75 ―――― downs, ii. 187 ―――― manor, iii. 238. With Keyland in Bodman and Lostwithiel parishes 359 ―――― market, iii. 16 ―――― parish, i. 133, 167, 174――ii. 60, 379, 384――iii. 58 BODMIN parish, situation, boundaries, ancient name, etymology, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, school-house, secular church, now in ruins, i. 76. Bonehouse, British entrenchment 77. Court leet, Crown rent 78. Franciscan friary of St. Nicholas, to what uses converted 79. Its font, founder, his history 80. Miracles 82. History of the order 82. Lancar 83. Suicide of Mr. Mount Stephens 84. Bocarne 85. Flammock’s rebellion 86. Bodmin, the rendezvous of Perkin Warbeck’s forces, and of Arundell’s rebels 88. By Tonkin, etymology 91. By Whitaker, church, school 91. Market, Grey Friars, bones found there 92. Chapels and almshouses of St. Anthony and St. George 93. Priory church, and Vivian’s tomb 94. By the Editor, church and monastery of St. Petroc 95. Histories by Whitaker and Wallis, story from Benedictus Abbas 96. Translated 98. By Wallis, benefice and patron, dimensions and history of church, destroyed by lightning, pinnacles dangerous, chapel of St. Thomas, tower at Berry, church and churchyard 100. Prior Vivian’s tomb, donation of organ. By the Editor, carving in the church 101. Painted window, statistics, and Geology 102 ―――― priory of St. Peter or St. Petroc, i. 73, 116, 232――ii. 332, 382, 386――iii. 24, 238, 277, 279――iv. 137, 162.――Dissolved its property and royalty, i. 74.――Documents relating to, Appendix XI. iv. 337.――House, i. 74 ―――― Prior of, i. 74, 230, 231 ter., 246, 250, 289, 294, 371, 373, 405――ii. 62, 151――iii. 175, 237, 279――iv. 137, 138, 160.――Roger, i. 97, 98. List of priors 75.――Thomas Vivian, iii. 279 ―――― races, ii. 35 ―――― railroad to, from Wade bridge, i. 376 ―――― road, ii. 390 ―――― stone, iii. 21 ―――― town, ii. 51, 151, 154 bis, 187, 188 bis, 192, 193 bis, 195――iii. 26, 189, 278――iv. 187.――Erected into a coinage town, wholesale market, borough writs, principal inhabitants, precept for elections, i. 78. Importance, weekly market, fairs, number of churches 79. Decay 93. Record and council rooms, floor giving way 100. Discovery of records 101.――Burnt by the Danes, ii. 60. County gaol built at 431. Two brothers left for London to seek their fortunes 34. John Robarts, Viscount of 379. Robert Robarts, Viscount of 379 bis. Esteemed by Charles II. 380.――A Bishop’s see, iii. 408. See transferred there 267. Bishop of 456. St. Petroc’s church in 277. Monastery at 278 Bodmyn by Leland, iv. 261 Bodregen of Trengreene, i. 55 Bodrigan, Sir Henry, i. 417, 418, 421 ―――― family, ii. 106, 114. Variances with the Haleps 109. Arms 107. Sir Henry 115, 317. His escape from Bosworth field, and wonderful leap, Sir Richard Edgecumbe’s escape from him 108. His history by the Editor, his property divided between Edgecumbe and Trevanian, attacked near his own house 115. His manor of Newton given to Trevanian 318. Isabel 398. Otho 107 quat. William 398. Arms of William 107.――Sir Henry, iii. 294. Mr. 393. Family 190, 203, 293. Struggle with the Edgecumbes for each other’s property, lost theirs at Bosworth 204.――Family, iv. 21, 71 ―――― de, family, monument to, iii. 292 ―――― of Restronget, Wm. de, and family, attainted, iii. 226 ―――― manor, account of, ii. 106, 114 ―――― leap, ii. 108 Bodrigge in Kellark, ii. 143 Bodrigy, account of, ii. 343 Bodrugan, Henry de, family, ii. 363.――Arms, iii. 119 ―――― by Leland, iv. 274 Bodrugons, ii. 100 Bodville, Charles, Earl of Radnor, iv. 73 Bodwanick village, ii. 355 Body, Mr. ii. 192 Boerhaave, iii. 49 Boggan, Zacharias, Mayor of Totness, his arms, ii. 320 Boggans, ii. 320 Bohelland farm, story of a melancholy and dreadful murder at, ii. 100 Bohemia, John of Luxemburg, King of, ii. 72 Bohun, Humphrey de, Earl of Hereford and Essex, and Margaret, i. 63 Bohurra manor, ii. 276――iii. 209 Boia, i. 107 Boii, i. 107 Bojil village, ii. 81 Bokelby in St. Kew, iii. 61 Bokelly, account of, ii. 335 Bokiddick village, ii. 385 Bolerium, supposed to be Land’s End, ii. 21 ―――― cove, iii. 259 Boligh family, John, ii. 398. William 398 Bolitho, Messrs. ii. 125.――Family, iv. 67 Bollandists, iii. 33 Bolleit, i. 141. Geoffrey de 142 Bolton, Duke of, ii. 257, 363――iii. 46, 118. Henry the last Duke 47.――His heirs, iv. 58 Bolytho, Alexander, ii. 160 Bombay, iii. 188 Bonaventure, St. i. 81 ter., 82. His Hymns 82. His Life of St. Francis 81 ―――― Thomasine, her history, name, birth, iv. 132. Went to London, married her master, a rich widow twice 133. Thirdly, her death, founded many works of piety and charity 134 Bond, ii. 256――iii. 246 bis, 250 ter., 252, 293, 378――iv. 25, 37, 38.――His History of Looe, iii. 378.――His Topographical Sketches, i. 178, 321――ii. 295 ter.――iii. 45, 120, 121――iv. 25.――Henry, i. 383 ―――― of earth, ii. 101 ―――― of Looe, Thomas, iii. 348 Bone, Richard, ii. 353 bis, 354. Arms 353.――Family, iv. 161 bis. Bonealvy, ii. 430 Boniface, his life, iv. 126. The name 127 ―――― Pope, ii. 288 Bonifant, John, ii. 189 Bonithan of Kertleowe, Alice, iv. 107 Bonithon of Bonithon, Jane, iii. 225, 228. Her character 225. Richard 225, and Richard 225 bis. Simon 225 bis. Family arms 226 bis. Monument at Milor 228 ―――― James, of Grampound, iii. 229 Bonvill, ii. 71, 292 ―――― of Killygarth, ii. 341 Bonville, Sir William, Lord Bonville, iii. 294, 295, 350 ter. Taken at the battle of St. Alban’s and beheaded 294. Sir William his son, and William his grandson, Lord Harrington, both killed at the battle of Wakefield 294.――Family, iv. 107 Bonython, account of, i. 302. Etymology 303 ―――― family, i. 125.――Charles, ii. 120. Family took the name of Carclew 337.――Miss, iv. 101 ―――― of Bonython, i. 302. Charles, M.P. 302 bis. His suicide 303. John 302. John, Dr. John 303. Richard, his suicide, Roskymer 303. Thomas, arms 302 ―――― of Carclew, i. 143, 302 ―――― John, Richard, and the heiress, iii. 303 Booth, John, Bishop of Exon, i. 218.――Henry, ii. 196 Bordeny abbey, i. 200 Borel, i. 192 Borew, account of, i. 420 Borlase, i. 16, 141 bis, 198, 398 quater. ―――― Dr. historian of Cornwall, i. 180, 184, 228 bis, 229 quat., 341, 360 bis――iii. 84, 89, 137, 196, 244, 309 bis, 323, 324, 329 bis, 340, 366 bis――iv. 29, 30, 31, 175. Rev. William, LL.D. ii. 218, 219, 285, 361. Vicar of St. Just 386 ter.――Biographical notices of, iii. 51.――His Antiquities, ii. 285, 424――iii. 31, 80, 89, 244, 365, 386. His Collections 373. His diploma 50. His speculations on the Druids 31. His estimation among his countrymen 408. His MSS. 232. His Natural History of Cornwall 329, 366, 386. Pope’s letter to him 53. His works 49, 52. Their effects 49. His death 54. His sons 53, 54. His son 196.――His account of a Celtic superstition, ii. 206, and of St. Kebius 338.――His Map, iv. 24. His Natural History 30 ―――― Humphrey, i. 398. John 59. Nicholas 398. James 18. Arms 18.――Ann, ii. 218 bis. Rev. Geo. 219. J. B. 218. Rev. Walter 218. LL.D. 302. Vice-warden of the Stannaries 285. Rev. Mr. 299. Family 282, 285, 286.――Humphrey, iii. 317. Nicholas 358. Samuel 88, 90. Dr. Walter 54. Vicar of Madden 82. His biography 84. Built the house at Castle Hornech 84. Dr. William, Rector of Ludgvan 49. Family 83, 88, 90, 94. Arms 84.――Family, iv. 141 Borlase of Borlase in St. Wenn, ii. 282 ―――― of Newland, ii. 282 ―――― of Pendene, John, ii. 282. John, M. P. 285. Arms 282. Of Pendeen in St. Just, John father of the two doctors, iii. 84, 88 ―――― of Sythney, ii. 282 ―――― of Treludderin, Nicholas, i. 199 ―――― of Treludra, i. 20, 397 bis. ―――― of Treludrow, Humphrey, iii. 238, 268. Memoir of 268. Family property 271 bis. ―――― manor, iv. 140 ―――― Pippin, iii. 268――iv. 141 ―――― Varth manor, iv. 139 Borough system, i. 389 Borthy, i. 386 bis. Ralph de 386 Bosawsen, iii. 322 Boscastel, by Leland, iv. 257 Boscastle, iii. 234 ―――― harbour, ii. 50 Boscawen, Admiral, i. 148. Edward 384. Hugh 58. Hugh, Hugh 297. Hugh Viscount Falmouth 141. Right Honourable Hugh 294. John de, Lawrence 140. Nicholas 113. William 297. Arms 140. Family 145, 386. Admiral, ii. 285. Bridget 68. Hugh 68. Hugh kept a school 32. Hugh created Viscount Falmouth 11. Right Hon. Hugh 277. P. C. to William, III. 54. Family 136, 255, 303, 304, 357.――Hugh, iv. 77. Colonel Nicholas 188. Family 1 bis ―――― of Boscawen Rose, i. 254. Lawrence 254.――St. Burian, fam. iii. 213. Their marriages 213, 216 ―――― of Nansavallen, Charles, ii. 299. Charles, M.P. 303 ―――― of Tregothnan, Bridget, Hugh, i. 205. Hugh 249. Hugh 384. Hugh 395, 396. Hugh, ii. 137. Right Hon. Hugh 299, 302, 303 bis. John 302. Nicholas 304.――Bridget and her great dowry, iii. 216. Admiral Edward, memoir of 218. Elected for Cornwall 219. Edward, his death 219. Edward Earl of Falmouth 220. Has rebuilt the house at Tregothnan 221. Lord Boscawen Rose took the first class degree at Oxford 221. G. E. third Viscount 220. Hugh 209, 212, 213 ter., 214, 215, 236, 397, 464 bis. Hugh 216. Supported Wm. III. 216. Arrested James’s adherents 217. Raised to the peerage 217. V. Falmouth 397. Hugh, second Viscount, and his character 217. Nicholas 213. Colonel Nicholas, in the rebel army 183. Richard 213. W. G., his death 219. Dr. Walcot’s verses on 220. Family 61, 208, 258, 305, 419. Antiquity 215, name 215, obtained Tregothnan 215. Benefactors of their neighbourhood, their part in the Civil War and in the Revolution 216. Family 305, 419 ―――― of Trevellick, i. 254 ―――― downs, i. 141 ―――― Ros, i. 140. Etymology and possessors 145.――Rose, in St. Burian, iii. 215 ―――― Rose, Lord, son of the Earl of Falmouth, iii. 221 ―――― Un, i. 141 bis Bosence, account of, i. 360 Bosinney borough, iv. 20 Bosistow, account of, iii. 35 ―――― Mr. of Treadreath, family and arms, iii. 35 Bosithney, i. 323 ter. Boskednan, i. 141 Boskenna, i. 148 bis Boskenso manor, iii. 77 Bosquet’s Book, i. 214 Bossiney, account of, i. 340.――Or Bosinny by Leland, iv. 258 ―――― cove, i. 343 ―――― manor exchanged for Wining Winington, ii. 128 Bostock, Edward, iv. 26 Boston, America, iii. 72 bis. The people ungrateful to Mr. Peters 73 Bostowda, ii. 330 Bosvigo, ii. 318 Boswallow, account of, i. 392 Boswaydel, etymology, ii. 353 Boswellick, i. 19 Bosworgy, account of, i. 224 Bosworth field, ii. 108 bis, 115 bis――iii. 206 Boswortha, i. 29 Botallack mine, and garnets at, ii. 291 Botallock, account of, mines valuable, ii. 285. Produce copper below the tin 286 Botelett manor, ii. 397 Botolph’s, St. passage, iv. 185 Botowne, iv. 111 Botreaux, iv. 48 ―――― castle, iii. 39, 234, 235 bis.――iv. 228.――Port of, iii. 235, 236 ―――― William de, i. 340. Family 368.――Lord and family, ii. 397.――William de, iii. 232. William 353.――Lord, iv. 138. His heir 138, 139 ―――― of Botreaux, William Lord B. and his daughter, iii. 234. Family 234 ―――― of Penheale, i. 378. Richard, William 378 ―――― honor of, iii. 234, 235 Botusfleming parish, i. 162――ii. 361, 363, 364 BOTUSFLEMING, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, i. 103. Ancient state, value of benefice, land tax, Muttenham, i. 104. Father Peter’s rhymes, etymology by Tonkin, by Editor, singular occurrence 105. Statistics, rector, Geology 106 Bouchier, Foulk, of Tavistock Lord Fitzwarren, i. 170. Lady Frances 411. Henry, sixth Earl of Bath 411. Rev. Henry, and his daughter 396. Richard, fifth Earl of Bath 411.――Jane and Captain Richard, iii. 187 Bourdeaux, Joseph of Exeter, Archbishop of, i. 325 Bouvardia tryphilla, iv. 181 Bowden family, Reginald and arms, ii. 303 ―――― of Trelisick, John, i. 399 ―――― marks, i. 11 Bower, Rev. J. of Lostwithiel, iii. 29 Bowles, P. P. iii. 279 Boy Bishop, monument of, in Salisbury Cathedral, ii. 313 Boyeer, i. 88 Boyer, Mayor of Bodmin, ii. 198 Boyle, Edmund Earl of Cork, ii. 385. Family 354. Their share of the Courtenay property 385 Boyle’s Biographical Dictionary, iv. 87 Boyton, Robert de, ii. 412 ―――― parish, ii. 234, 417, 429 bis――iv. 39, 40, 42, 61, 153 BOYTON parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, antiquity, value of benefice, land tax, etymology, Bradridge, i. 107. Northcott, history of Agnes Prest 108. Mount Calvary, a Cornish poem 109. Doctrine of transubstantiation, etymology by Tonkin 110. By the Editor, place of Agnes Prest’s martyrdom, statistics, vicar, Geology 111 Brabyn family, i. 223, 225.――Mr. executed, iii. 184 Braciano, Duke of, ii. 371 Braddock or Bradock parish, iii. 59, 347. Living of 451.――Rectory, i. 72 Braddon, Henry, and Captain William, ii. 87. Mrs. 338. Family, account, of 87.――Mr. iii. 252.――Lieut. Colonel, iv. 188 ―――― of Treglith, William, iv. 62. Mr. 62 Brades, Barton of, ii. 153 Bradford, ii. 429 ―――― Rev. Mr. i. 292. Family 289 Bradley, Dr. life of, ii. 376 Bradoak or Bradock downs, i. 113, 114――iv. 185, 186 bis, 188 ―――― parish, i. 167――iv. 129, 155 BRADOCK St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, antiquity, value of benefice, endowment, land tax, i. 112. By Tonkin, patron, incumbent, manor 112. By the Editor, living consolidated, residence removed, patron 112. Bradock down, the scene of a royal victory in 1623, and of Lord Essex’s escape in 1644, 113. Exasperation of the royalists, expulsion of rebels from Cornwall, King’s farewell to the sheriff 114. Statistics, and Geology 115 Bradridge, i. 107 Bradryche, ii. 429 Brady, Dr. iii. 27――iv. 81.――His Treatise on Boroughs, ii. 200――iv. 81 bis, 83, 84 bis Braghan or Brechanus, St. King of Wales, built the town of Brecknock, was father of St. Keyne, St. Canock, and St. Cadock, ii. 292. Had 24 daughters and 2 sons, all Saints 294 Bralton Clovelly, living, iii. 67 Bramer, Elizabeth W. and John, iii. 86 Bramford, Earl of, a Royal Commissioner, iv. 189 Branell or Brannell manor, ii. 100, 109 bis――iii. 195, 448 ter., 451. Etymology 452. Extent 451 Brannel forest, iii. 451, 452 Brannell’s, Lady, tomb, ii. 114 Branscomb, Walter, Bishop of Exeter, see Brounscomb Branston, Judge, iii. 144 Bray, account of, iii. 250 Bray, Reginald, i. 87.――Francis de, ii. 118. Lord 282, 311. Mary 118. Ralph, Sheriff of Hants 310. Family 282, 284 bis ―――― of Bray in France, ii. 311 ―――― of Bray in St. Just, ii. 310, 311 ―――― of Cornwall, family, ii. 237 ―――― of Killington, Sir Edward, ii. 310. Sir Reginald, arms 311 ―――― manor, account of, ii. 282 ―――― in Morvall, ii. 283 Braydon, Captain, iii. 184 Braye, de, family, i. 163 bis Brazen-nose College, Oxford, ii. 33 Brazilwood, iii. 186 Breaca, St. Life of, iv. 263 Breadfruit tree, the Bounty went out to fetch plants of, iv. 45 Breage, St. i. 263――ii. 353――iii. 431 ―――― St. Church, iii. 285, 444 ―――― St. parish, i. 115, 310, 344, 355――ii. 80――iii. 442.――Register, ii. 81. People of 82. Great Work mine at 83. Geology of, similar to Germow 85 ―――― stone, i. 128 Breath’s cattle, iv. 35 Breca, St. iii. 342 Brechan, St. painting of in St. Neot’s Church, ii. 298 Brecknock, derivation of its name, i. 2. Built by King Braghan, ii. 292 Breda, iii. 454. Lord Hollis, ambassador at 148 Brend, George, iii. 387 Brendon, William, iii. 163 Brentford, Middlesex, i. 68――iii. 144 Brenton, Henry, i. 24 Breock, St. his history, i. 115 ―――― church, i. 74――iii. 177 Breock, St. parish, i. 301, 372, 373, 377, 406――ii. 80, 89, 253 bis, 256, 257――iii. 334――iv. 137, 140, 160 BREOCK, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, saint’s history, value of benefice, i. 115. Ancient state, Pelton manor, Hurston, Tredinick 116. Trevordei, by Tonkin, Etymology of Dunveth, by the Editor, statistics, vicar, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 117 BREOCK, St. in Kerrier parish, or Breage, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, daughter churches, patron, incumbent, land tax, ancient state, i. 118. Pengelly, Godolphin 119. Carew and Sammes on its etymology 120. Pengarwick 124. By Tonkin, a Cornish distich 124. King Germoe’s throne 125. By the Editor, Earl of Godolphin, stanza upon his pedigree 126. Parish covered with mines, Whele Vor Mine, first steam engine in Cornwall, Pengelly, statistics, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase 128 Brereton, Mr. Trelawney, i. 358 Brest, ii. 127 ―――― haven, ii. 171. A formidable combined fleet harbours in 247 Bretagne, iv. 145 Breton, Cape, iii. 218 ―――― millers more hardy than Cornish, ii. 24 Bretons, iii. 336 Brett, captain, iv. 188. Charged the parliament army under Skippon, knighted on the field 188 Brewar, or Brewer, William, Bishop of Exeter, ii. 75――iii. 182 ―――― St. Breward, or Brewer parish, i. 62, 103, 174 bis, 254――iii. 222, 223, 224――iv. 48, 49, 93, 95 Breward, St. or Simon Ward district, iv. 97. Porphyritic rocks in 99 BREWARD, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient state, value of benefice, land-tax, founder of church, i. 129. His history, benefactions, impropriation of this benefice 130. By Tonkin, name of Simon-Ward 130. By the Editor, Lank Major, Lank Minor, Swallock, Hamethy, Roughtor, and Brown Willy 131. Statistics, vicar, patrons, Geology by Dr. Boase, sterility, loneliness of church, west fertile 132 Brewer, i. 1, 60. William, Lord Brewer 129. William, Bishop of Exeter 129, 130 bis Bricot, i. 331 bis, 332 Briddon, Lieut.-col. i. 113 Bridge place, ii. 2 ―――― street, Truro, iv. 80 ―――― end meadow, iv. 31 Bridgerule church, i. 133 ―――― parish, ii. 413, 430――iii. 114――iv. 152 bis BRIDGERULE parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, church in Devon, value of benefice, ancient state, by Tonkin, etymology, i. 133. Tackbere 134. By Editor, Tacabre, pedigree of Gilbert 134. Statistics, vicar 135 Bridges, ii. 292 Bridget, St. chapel at Landew, iii. 42 Bridgewater, ii. 76. St. James’s hospital at, properly St. John’s 412――iv. 254 bis Bridgman, Edward, ii. 196.――Sir Orlando, iii. 159 Brigantes, i. 256 Brightley, chapel at, ii. 348 Brinn in Cornwall, ii. 348 Brismar, ii. 208 Bristol, i. 113, 373――ii. 76 bis――iii. 76, 89, 129.――Jonathan, Bishop of, i. 84.――St. James’s priory at, ii. 147.――Battle before, iii. 200, 204. Sir Jonathan Trelawney, Bishop of 296, 297 ter. 298 quint. One of the seven 296, 299. John Lake, Bishop of 296. Sir R. R. Vvyyan, M. P. for 137.――Henry Combe, mayor of, iv. 90. Mr. Coster, M. P. for 89 ―――― channel, i. 381, 384――iii. 240 ―――― waters, iii. 94 ―――― John de, iii. 354 ―――― frigate, iii. 186.――Commanded by Captain Penrose, ii. 25 Britain, i. 335, 336 bis――ii. 1, 66, 75――iv. 116.――Churches of, i. 294.――St. German travelled through, ii. 65. Various places dedicated to him in 75. Pelagians of 73. Pelagius, an inhabitant of 63.――Its Celtic inhabitants, iii. 49. St. Sennan came to 434 ―――― Edmund of Hadham, Earl of, iii. 65 Britany, i. 115――ii. 90, 123, 127――iii. 102, 281, 285.――Pronunciation in, ii. 128 ―――― Alan, Earl of, ii. 147 British barrows, iii. 319 ―――― camp, i. 369――iii. 111, 319 ―――― channel, i. 26, 38, 41, 52, 135, 388――ii. 26, 36, 39, 50, 59, 105, 106, 126, 171, 250, 319, 378――iii. 11, 102, 118, 129, 190, 240, 257, 283, 421, 423, 429, 430, 436, 441, 442――iv. 19, 21, 23, 99 ―――― Critic, iii. 407 ―――― intrenchments, iv. 53, 94, 140 ―――― minerals, greatest number of specimens from St. Just parish, ii. 291 ―――― monarch, ii. 66 ―――― Museum, i. 283, 300――iii. 154, 233, 408――iv. 33 ―――― music, remnant of, ii. 166 ―――― ocean, ii. 1 bis, 174, 237, 283――iii. 74 bis, 128, 198 ―――― ornaments found, iii. 290 ―――― tongue, iii. 114 Britnall, John, ii. 196 Brito, a poet, his lines on Arundell, iii. 149 Britons, i. 295, 334――ii. 206, 261. Ancient, iii. 52, 365――iv. 168. their manner of writing. Religious ceremonies, and notion of the Deity, i. 193.――Believed in the appearance of St. Michael on their shore, ii. 172. Geruncius, King of 50.――Their names, iii. 130. Cadwallo, King of 284.――Inhabited one side of the Tamar, iv. 40 Britton’s Beauties of England and Wales, i. 183, 194――iii. 244 Britwyn, Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415 Broadgate hall, Oxford, now Pembroke college, iii. 233 Broadoak parish, iii. 348――iv. 159 BROADOAK parish, additional sheet, by Hals, App. 4. Communicated by Mr. Polwhele; and supposed to be separated from the work in the bookseller’s hands. Situation, boundaries, etymology, iv. 184. Value of benefice, incumbent, and land-tax, Essex’s march to raise the siege of Plymouth, Sir Richard Grenville removes, Essex follows him, and encamps on Bradock downs, King Charles marches to Grenville’s assistance 185, and also encamps there, his overtures for peace, rejected by Essex, skirmishes, remarkable challenge 186, and combat, related to Hals by several eye-witnesses, Essex obliged to retire 187. A battle 188. Treaty 189 Brockland advowson in Kent, iii. 115 Bromley of Lefeock, iii. 188 Brook, Sir John, i. 87.――York herald, ii. 155 Brook’s catalogue of Earls of Devon iii. 436 Brounscomb, Walter, Bishop of Exeter, i. 209.――Founded a college, ii. 96. His death 97. Admonished in sleep to build Glasney college 341 Brown, Anne and Rev. James, iii. 301. Dr. William, of Tavistock 184.――James, iv. 4 ―――― Walley, i. 201 ―――― Willey, i. 131, 132, 188, 310――iii. 44 Browne, George, of Bodmin, iii. 353, 459. G. F. C. 459. M. A. Lord Montague 231. William 153.――George of Bodmin, iv. 41 Bruce, Edward, of Edinburgh, and his daughter, iv. 74 Bruges in Flanders, iv. 14 Brugmansia suaveolens, iv. 181 Brune, Rev. C. Prideaux, i. 17――iii. 279 Brunion, iii. 7 Brutton, Elizabeth, i. 403 Bryant of Bushill, John, and family, iii. 351 Bryher island, iv. 174. Extent of 175 Bryn, iv. 161, 162.――Barton of, ii. 94, 332, 335 Buck, L. W. ii. 416 Buckhurst, Lord, ii. 9 Buckingham, George Villiers, Duke of, ii. 382.――Duke of, iii. 183 ―――― of Probus family, iv. 161 ―――― palace, iii. 205 Buckinghamshire, i. 353.――Chalk hills in, iii. 10. Mr. Praed, M. P. for 11 ―――― Earl of, ii. 265, 268, 270――iii. 406 Bucknam, John, ii. 189 Buckwell, Miss, of Tyringham, iii. 10 Buclawranbucke, ii. 429 Bucton, Thomas de, iii. 354 Bude bay, iii. 349――iv. 12, 13 ―――― village, iv. 17. A watering place 18 Budeox, i. 348 Budeoxhed of Budeoxhed, Agnes, i. 348. Elizabeth 348. Philip, Thomas 348. Thomas 347. Winifred 348. Arms 348 Budeoxhed church, i. 348 Buderkvam, i. 242 Budge, ii. 54 Budock church, ii. 3 ―――― parish, i. 236――ii. 1 bis, 2, 3, 92 bis, 94, 96――iii. 74, 77.――Rev. G. Allen, vicar of, iv. 95 BUDOCK parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, antiquity, etymology, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, rector, i. 135. Killigrew monuments, Arwinick, Rosmeran, Trescobays, death of Sir R. Vyvyan, Treon 136. By Tonkin, Swan pool, Trewoon 137. By the Editor, Penwenis, statistics, feast, Geology by Dr. Boase 137. Export of granite, heave at Swan pool, bricks 138 Budock, St. ii. 127, 128 Budocus, St. by Leland, iv. 270 Budok, St. by Leland, iv. 283 Buggin, Robert, ii. 319 Bull, Rev. J. of Lezant, iii. 43 Buller, Adm. Sir Edward, i. 321. Family 74, 221, 230, 246, 266.――John, ii. 397. John T. 394. Family 170.――Francis, monument to, iii. 292. Colonel F. W. 293. James 361. J. F. 291, 383. William, Bishop of Exeter 301. Mr. 253, 361. Family 148 bis, 390, 462. Edward, brother of the judge, and Mrs. iv. 37 ―――― of Downs, James W. iii. 249. Mr. 249, 427 ―――― Rev. John, of St. Just in Penwith, and of Perran Zabuloe, iii. 333 ―――― of Lillesdon, Somersetshire, family, iii. 463 ―――― of Morval, i. 317 bis. John 250. John 411.――John, ii. 85. Mr. 396.――Anthony, iii. 230. Edward, Francis 249. James 229, 248, 249. Jane 229, 249. John 230, 248, 249 bis. John 249, 293, 297, 381 bis, 463. J. F. 248 bis. Arms 249.――Elizabeth and John, iv. 25. Mr. 22 Buller, of Portlooe, Edward, the judge, iii. 333, 117 ―――― of Shillingham, Francis, iii. 212, 215, 248, 381, 463. Francis, story of 463. James 248. John 463, 464. Richard 463. Sir Richard 463 ter. Family 212 ―――― of Shillington, Francis, i. 396 Bullock, i. 28, 44, 78, 84.――Philip, ii. 189 Bullœum, or Buelt, in Brecknockshire, iv. 8 Bullsworthy, Barton, account of, iii. 3 Bulteel, ii. 151, 319.――Miss, iii. 134 Bunerdake, in St. Ives, iii. 359 Bungay, Friar, supposed to have, by magic, raised a mist at the battle of Barnet, ii. 182 Bungred, King of Mercia, i. 49 Burdett, Sir Francis, chief promoter of the Reform Bill, and Miss, iii. 205 Burgess, Mr. ii. 157.――Thomas and Thomas, iv. 77 ―――― of Truro, i. 225 Burgh, etymology of, i. 77 ―――― Hubert de, Earl of Kent, iii. 349 Burghert, married to Grenville, ii. 341 Burgoigne, i. 177.――William, recorder of Exeter, ii. 189 Burgundian court, ii. 188 Burgundy, i. 107, 335――ii. 75――iv. 117 ―――― Margaret Duchess of, ii. 188 Burgus manor, ii. 253 Burian, St. church, i. 149 bis――iii. 30, 431 ―――― deanery, i. 147――iii. 30 ―――― parish, i. 141――ii. 60, 265.――Etymology, i. 142 ―――― St. parish, i. 146, 321 ―――― or Burien, or Buryan, St. parish, iii. 30, 36, 283, 290, 322, 425 bis, 428 quat. BURIAN parish, by Hals, situation, antiquity, etymology, by Camden, i. 138. Founder, a regal peculiar, college, Pope’s usurpation 139. Boscawen Ros, Boscawen family 140. Boscawen downs, Dance meyns, and other ancient remains 141. Bolleit’s stone, Trove 142. Entrenchment there 143. Subterranean vault, royalists concealed there in civil wars, Pendrea 143. Burnewall, lake, aloe 144. By Tonkin, parish extensive, climate warm 144. Improvements of Mr. Paynter, Leigha, Boscawen Rose 145. By Editor, etymology, deanery 146. Ecclesiastical abuses, non-residence, Pendrea, curious shellwork at Burnuhall 147. Shells at Porth Kernow, Boskenna, Vyvyans of Trelovornow, recluses at Boskenna 148. Church, trigonometrical survey, statistics, rector 149. Geology by Dr. Boase, and by Editor 150 Burien’s, St. college, by Leland, iv. 265, 286 Burke, Lady Dorothy, ii. 93 Burleigh, Lord Treasurer, i. 341. Mr. ii. 302 Burlington, Earl of, ii. 326 Burncoose, porphyry found near, ii. 136 Burne, captain, ii. 25 Burnell, Robert, iv. 146 Burnevas, iv. 161 Burnewall, etymology of, i. 144 Burngullo, manor and village, iii. 197 Burnuhall, curious shell-work at, i. 147 Buroughs, of Ward bridge, i. 225 Burrow Bel-les opened, description of, ii. 301 Burthog, iv. 157 Burveton, Walter de, iii. 2 Burwaldus, Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415 bis Bury, St. Edmund, iii. 85 ―――― Pomeroy, i. 296 Buryan parish, ii. 48, 282 bis――iv. 2 Buryana, St. i. 138 Buryas bridge, iii. 99 Buryen’s, St. by Leland, iv. 265, 286 Busvargus, account of, ii. 86 ―――― of Busvargus family, ii. 265, 286 bis Bute, Lord, ii. 245 Butler, Simon, Lord of Lanherne, ii. 145 bis. Rev. Mr. 394 ―――― Symon, iii. 139. Dr. 385, 434.――His Lives of the Saints, i; 146――iii. 330, 332.――Colonel, iv. 189 Bynany Castle, iv. 228 Byron, Admiral John, his marriage, and “Narrative,” iii. 205. Grandfather of Lord Byron the Poet 205. Captain, his duel 152, 156 Byzantine palace, ii. 366

Cabellan, iv. 128 Cabulian, i. 168 bis――iii. 89 Cadbury, i. 337 Cadd, Henry, iv. 18 ―――― or Cadock, Earl of Cornwall, iii. 82, 462. His history, and arms, i. 203. Agnes or Beatrix, his daughter, iii. 463 ―――― St. ii. 292 Cadgwith, ii. 117, 331, 360――iii. 259, 424. Account of by Hals 421. By Editor 423 Cadix, St. iv. 113 Cadiz, iii. 98, 287 Cadwallo, King of the Britons, iii. 284 Caeling manor, iii. 267 Caen in Normandy, university of, iv. 144, 145.――Michael Tregury, its governor, iv. 138, 144, 145 Caer Brane, i. 230 ―――― Broas, iii. 129 ―――― Byan, iii. 129 ―――― Cuby, i. 295 ―――― Iske, i. 328 ter., 342 ―――― Kief, iii. 316, 317 bis ―――― Kynock, account of, iii. 369 ―――― Segont, i. 326 ―――― Voza, iii. 366 ―――― Went, in Wales, iv. 44 Caerton, i. 261.――In Crowan, ii. 141 Cæsar, i. 107, 323, 334――ii. 3――iii. 185 ter.――Julius, i. 397. His Commentaries 193――ii. 237――iv. 116 Cæsars, iii. 369 Cagar quarry, ii. 117 Cainham, in Holderness, Yorkshire, ii. 292 Cair Kinan, by Leland, iv. 264 Cairdine, by Leland, iv. 264 Caitfala, i. 257 Caius, St. Pope, and kinsman of Dioclesian, ii. 302 Calais, i. 169 bis.――The siege of, ii. 159. Foy men assisted at 39, 45 Calamagrestis arenaria, iii. 6 Calavega in Spain, i. 311 Calceolaria, iv. 181 Calenack, smelting house at, ii. 317 Calendula tragus, iv. 181 Calestock Rule, ii. 173 ―――― Veor, ii. 173 Calf, British-Cornish for, ii. 335 Caliburne, i. 334 Caligula, Caius, Emperor of Rome, iii. 184 Calimontana, i. 206 Call, family and arms, i. 162.――Sir William, ii. 231.――George, iv. 41. Sir George 9, 41. Memoir of 9. Sir John 136. Sir William P. 11 Callington borough, John Call, M.P. for, iv. 10 ―――― manor, its possessors, ii. 313 ―――― parish, i. 159, 316――ii. 231 CALLINGTON parish, by the Editor, appendage to Southill, situation, boundaries, members of parliament, markets and fairs, manor, i. 151. Church and town, monuments, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 152 Callmady, ii. 136 Calstock parish, i. 151, 159, 310, 316――iii. 101――iv. 6, 7.――Chapel at 322 CALSTOCK parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, antiquity, founder, patron, first-fruits, incumbent, land-tax, free-fishing granted, salmon wear, i. 153. Cuthele, by the Editor, extensive mines, Cotehele 154. Description of 155. View of the chapel 156. Visit of George III. and Queen Charlotte 157. Garden chapel 157. Battle of Bosworth, Harewood, Sandhill 158. Statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 159. Canal 160 ―――― Ruol, etymology, iii. 325 ―――― Veor, iii. 321 Calvin, iii. 188 Calway, John, iii. 261 Camber island, iv. 238 Camborne or Cambourne parish, i. 128――ii. 56, 250 bis, 337――iii. 248, 367, 387, 389, 390――iv. 5 CAMBOURNE parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, holywell, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land-tax, Pendarves, i. 160. Menadarva, story of Mr. Arundell 161. Roswarne, apparition, crane, Treswithan 162. By the Editor, rapid rise of the town, church tower, market, Pendarves 163. Menadarva, Roswarne, Crane, Mr. R. Trevithick, statistics 164. Geology by Dr. Boase, Delcoath, and Cock’s kitchen mines 165. Soil good near the town, barren further north 166 Cambræa, ii. 225 Cambrensis, Giraldus, iv. 113 Cambridge, i. 72――ii. 76, 104 ―――― university, iii. 72, 454――iii. 270 Cambridgeshire, ii. 97.――Chalk hills in, iii. 10 Camburne de, i. 359. John and John 348 ―――― parish, i. 261――ii. 136, 141 bis, 144, 234, 239 bis Camden, the antiquary, i. 85, 138, 146, 168, 178, 179――ii. 65, 172 ter., 173, 237, 257, 258, 283, 293, 402, 403, 418――iii. 1, 24 bis, 25 ter., 129, 149, 313, 336, 357――iv. 8, 44, 75, 79.――His Britannia, i. 120, 213, 220, 257, 325――iii. 430.――His history lecture at Oxford, ii. 233.――His annals of Queen Elizabeth, iii. 368. His Editor 226 ―――― Lady, i. 72 Camel river, i. 117, 132, 372 ter., 377.――A winding channel, ii. 40. Ran with blood 40 Camelford borough, i. 74, 94, 117, 337, 340――ii. 154, 236, 338――iii. 81, 89, 136, 235――iv. 20.――An adjective, ii. 171.――Battle at, iii. 322. Roman road through 324.――The mayor of, ii. 236. Charles Phillipps, M. P. for 399――iv. 45 ―――― Thomas Pitt, Lord, ii. 405.――Thomas Pitt, first Lord, i. 69. His talents 71. Thomas Pitt, second Lord, his birth and christening, education, history, and character 70. Death 71 ―――― manor, iii. 27 ―――― town, etymology, name, ii. 402. Market and a fair, not a fair town, borough, had its first charter from Richard, Earl of Cornwall 403. Revenue, arms, rent paid to the Duke 404. Dr. Lombard passing through afterwards died at 406 Camellia Japonica, iv. 181 Camellot, i. 337 Camp, vestiges of, at St. Syth’s, ii. 405 “Campaign in the West Indies,” iii. 160 Campion, i. 382 Camps, two ancient, i. 39 Canada, subjugation of, iii. 218 Canarditone, ii. 145 Candlemas day, iii. 7 Canedon priory, ii. 429 Canna bicolor, iv. 181. Indica 181 Cannall Lydgye, account of, ii. 254 Canock, St. ii. 292 Canon of the mass, i. 198 Canons Augustine, i. 73 ter., 168, 209, 217, 382――ii. 61 ―――― monastery of, ii. 2 ―――― priory of, at St. Germans, dissolved, ii. 62 ―――― of St. Augustine at Launceston, ii. 87 ―――― black ii. 70.――Black Augustine, iv. 156 ―――― Clementine, ii. 60 ―――― regular, college of at Glasnith, ii. 136 Canterbury, Archbishop of, i. 139――ii. 428.――Baldwin, i. 342. Robert Kilwarly 83. John Martin 87.――St. Just, ii. 287. St. Mellitus 288.――Theobald, and Simon Mepham, iii. 115. Mellitus 3rd Archbishop of 167. William Sancroft 296. One of the seven bishops 299 ―――― cathedral, iii. 246 ―――― Gervase of, iv. 112 Canute, King, ii. 60, 61, 70. His laws 61, 62.――Ridiculous legend of, iv. 96 Canutus, King, ii. 60 Cape Cornwall, ii. 290 Capgrave, i. 295――iii. 332――iv. 93.――His book of English Saints, ii. 292.――His Aurea Legenda, iii. 167 Capgrove’s Life of St. Neot, ii. 396 Cappadocia, i. 52, 388 Capraria lanceolata, iv. 181 Car, i. 172 Cara Villa, Peter de, ii. 209 Carantochus, St. i. 245 Carantokes, St. by Leland, iv. 268 Carbill, Robert Fitz-Hamon, Earl of, ii. 344, 347 Carborro or Carburrow manor, iv. 130 Carclaze tin mine, i. 50 Carclew Barton, account of, iii. 224, 228, 229. Tin upon 225. Aisle belonging to, in Mylor church 228. Fine woods of 305 ―――― purchased and improved by Mr. Lemon, ii. 85 Carclew of Carclew in Milor, ii. 337 Cardenham parish, ii. 187――iv. 47, 49, 50, 128, 129, 131, 155――or Cardinham, ii. 224, 260, 266 Cardew, Rev. Dr. C. i. 402 ter.――Dr. Cornelius, iii. 18.――Rev. Dr. master of Truro school, his monument in St. Erme’s church, iv. 85 Cardiganshire, iii. 336 Cardinan, Robert de, i. 167, 168 Cardinham, by Leland, iv. 278 ―――― Robert de, iii. 7, 225. Lord of Fowey 27.――Isolda de, iv. 107. Richard de 62. Robert de 101 ter., 102 bis, 103. Family 62, 107 ―――― parish, i. 60, 112, 124――iv. 184 CARDINHAM parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, manor, founder of church, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land-tax, ancient state, i. 167. Pedigree of Cardinham and Denham, daring exploit of John Denham 168. Called to the peerage, chapel built by Lady Denham 170. Glynn 171. Devynock 172. By the Editor, etymology 172. Glynn 173. Statistics 173. Geology by Dr. Boase 174 Caregrin, by Leland, iv. 291 Careswell, ii. 71 Carew, the historian of Cornwall, i. 152, 178, 210, 241, 258, 324, 325, 350, 390――ii. 38, 39, 45 bis, 62, 69, 93, 147, 157, 172 bis, 173, 197, 203, 204, 205, 230, 237, 251, 260, 261, 294 bis, 358, 384, 394 quat., 398, 409 bis, 410, 411, 414 ter., 417, 418, 419――iii. 14, 24, 25, 28, 39, 61, 91, 103, 149 bis, 150, 171, 179, 235, 268, 270 bis, 276, 279, 287, 291, 302, 313, 316, 328, 355, 357 bis, 374, 388, 389, 392, 437, 438 quat., 439 bis, 443, 451――iv. 7, 8, 15, 23 bis, 24 bis, 41, 96 ter., 112, 113, 132, 134, 162.――His history of Cornwall, ii. 296.――His survey of Cornwall, i. 167, 171, 172, 199, 252, 253, 258, 323, 341, 372, 383, 384, 386, 396――ii. 3, 5, 7, 12, 17, 36, 41, 89 bis, 90, 93, 107, 108, 120, 130, 175 bis, 180 bis, 184, 186, 235, 236, 260, 282, 299, 337, 342 bis――iii. 66, 79, 81, 102, 104, 105, 111 bis, 125, 129 bis, 133 quat., 139, 140 bis, 168, 190, 381, 393, 436, 437――iv. 21, 34, 74, 111, 139 ―――― Alexander, i. 33 bis. Sir Alexander 34. Anne 37. John 33, 34. Sir John 33, 153. Sir Nicholas 33. Nicholas, Lord 170, 171 bis. Reginald Pole 37. Richard 33 bis. Richard 38. Sir Richard 34. William 34. Sir W. C. 37. Sir William 86. Mr. 347. Family 33. Pedigree 34. Etymology of name 34, 35.――Sir Edmund, ii. 189. Sir George, commander of the Mary Rose frigate 341. Sir Peter 195. Family 93, 229, 415.――Sir A. M.P. for Cornwall, and his death, iii. 40. John 191. Right Hon. R. P. 439, 440. Sir William 437. Miss 60.――Colonel, iv. 185 Carew of Anthony, John the historian of Cornwall, John his son, and Richard, iii. 193.――Miss, iv. 101. Richard, his epitaph, with comments, App. 14. iv. 378 ―――― of East Anthony, Sir Alexander, i. 352 ―――― of Haccomb, Sir Henry, iii. 373 ―――― of Harrabear, Jane, Thomas, i. 352 ―――― of Penwame, i. 223, 416 Carey, William, Bishop of Exeter, iii. 4, 271 ―――― of Clovelly, Sir George, iv. 139 Cargaul manor, i. 397 Cargol manor, iii. 267, 268, 270. Account of 267 Cargoll parish, i. 15, 246, 250, 396, 403――ii. 52 Cargreen, bargemen of, ii. 375 Carhayes, the Trevanians removed to, no park at, iii. 202. House described 452 ―――― manor, iii. 451 ―――― parish, iii. 448, 451 ter., 453 quint. Rector of 452 ―――― or Carhays, i. 299.――The name, iv. 9 Carike road, i. 26――ii. 1――iv. 72 Carilepho, William, Bishop of Durham, i. 290 Carinthia, law of, iii. 186 Carisius, St. history of, i. 379 Carlian, ii. 308 bis Carloogus castle, iv. 228 Carlynike, account of, i. 255 Carlyon, i. 44. Derivation and arms by Hals 54. By the Editor 55.――Rev. P. of Mawgan, in Pyder, ii. 160. Family 286 ―――― of Menagwins, i. 55 Carlyon of Trengreene, Philip, Thos. bis, i. 55 Carmailoc, ii. 203, 211 Carmelite friars, i. 83 ―――― nuns, iii. 150 Carmellus, i. 83 Carmenow, ii. 293 ―――― family, ii. 127――iv. 3, 41. Arms 72 ―――― Carminow, or Carmynow, Jane, iii. 200, 208. John 208. John, and his daughters 131, 132. Ralph 129. Ralph, his arms, and contest with Lord Scrope for them 129. Traced to the reign of Arthur 138. Distinction awarded him 131. Trial detailed 137. Displeased with the sentence 131. His motto 131, 138. Robert 129. Thomas 131. Sir Thomas 200, 208. William and William 131. Mr. 464. Family 117, 129, 135, 200, 208, 423. Heir of 140. Their sepulchre 132. Ancient monuments 132, 138. Partition of property 423 ―――― of Carmenow, John, and his daughter, iii. 133. Family 214, 419, 421. Their heirs 419 ―――― of Fengollan, or Fentongollan, i. 65.――John, ii. 109. Drove the French from Marazion 171 ―――― manor, account of, iii. 128 Carminow, Philippa, Sir Roger bis. Sir Thomas, i. 241.――Family, ii. 354, 358 ―――― of Boconnock, family and property, iv. 97 ―――― of Fentongollan, John, iii. 132. John 211 bis. John 211. Oliver 211, 212. Thomas 211. The great Carminows 211 ―――― of Menhynyet, iii. 168 ―――― of Penkevil, John, his hospitality, iii. 214. Oliver 215. Thomas 214. Their house pulled down 215 ―――― of Polmawgan in St. Winnow, iii. 212 ―――― of Resprin, John, iii. 214 ―――― of Trenouth, Nicholas, iii. 357 ―――― manor, iii. 137. Etymology of 137 Carmynew of Fentongollan, i. 116, 117 bis ―――― of Resprin 171 Carn Galva, iii. 244 Carnadon prior manor, iii. 440 Carnan bridge, ii. 2 ―――― creek, iii. 224 ―――― river, ii. 24 Carnanton in Pedyr manor, iii. 125, 152. Account of 143. Left to the Willyams family and improved 159 Carnarthen in Illogan, ii. 250 Carnbray by Leland, iv. 266 Cambre, monument to Lord de Dunstanville upon, iii. 389 Carnbrea, i. 165. Carndeaw, etymology of, ii. 335 Carndew, or Camsew manor, account of, iii. 61 Carne, Richard, i. 9, 10. Family 9. Pedigree and arms 10.――Joseph and William, characters of, iii. 95. Mr. 100. Family 94 ―――― of Glamorganshire, iii. 269 ―――― of Penzance, ii. 318 ―――― Bray, account of, ii. 237. Chapel at, account of 283 ―――― Bray castle, in Luggan, ii. 237, 239, 283, 284 ―――― Breanic, i. 10. Geology 14. Position and height 15 ―――― Buryanacht, i. 6 ―――― Godolcan, by Leland, iv. 264 ―――― Kye, ii. 237. Quantities of tin at 238 bis ―――― Mark, tumuli at, ii. 132 Carnedde, i. 192 Carnedon barton, iii. 459 Carnen, ii. 17 Carnesew, sheriff of Cornwall, ii. 186 Carneton, i. 209 Carnhangives, by Leland, iv. 267 Carnkie, i. 165――ii. 250 Carnon branch of Falmouth harbour, iii. 304 bis Carnsew, ii. 94 ―――― in Mabe, iii. 125 ―――― family, ii. 94. Sir Richard and Grace his wife, her monument, iii. 66 ―――― of Bokelly, iii. 61. William 61.――Derivation, ii. 337 ―――― of Carnsew family, iii. 61.――In Mabe, ii. 335, 337. George 335. Sir Richard and two Williams, all sheriffs of Cornwall 335. Arms 337 ―――― of Tregarne, Sir Richard, ii. 335 ―――― of Treon, i. 136, 137. John 137. Thomas 136. Arms 136 ―――― of Trewone, Henry, iii. 61 ―――― manor, i. 136, 137 Carock, St. monastery at St. Veep, prior of, iv. 110 ―――― St. Pill, priory of, iv. 111 Caroline, Queen, ii. 407 Carpenter, Humphrey, jun. i. 303. J. P. 3. Rev. J. P. 204. William, shot at Skewis 269, 270 bis, 271 quat., 272 quat., 273 quint., 274 ter., 275 ter. Family 302 Carpenter of Mount Tavy, near Tavistock, ii. 400. J. P. 400, 406.――John and Patience, iii. 301. Mr. 42.――Mr. iv. 45 Carr, Lady Charlotte, iii. 172 Carraton downs, account of, iii. 44 ―――― hill, i. 196――ii. 154 Carreth, account of, i. 298 Carrow family and arms, i. 35 Carsbroc, ii. 427 Carshayes rectory, i. 72 Carter, i. 223, 224. Honor 216. Richard 215.――Honour, iii. 237. Thomas of Dartmouth, Devon 315.――Colonel, iv. 189. Heirs of the family 111 ―――― of St. Colomb, i. 222. John 223. Richard 222. Arms 223.――John, iii. 325 bis. Richard and family 325 ―――― of Staffordshire, i. 222 Carteret, Ralph de, ii. 209. Lord 348, 352. George Lord, married Grace, heiress of the Granvilles, Countess Granville 346.――Louisa, iii. 225. Lord Carteret 255, 256, 353.――Lord, iv. 16, 136 Carthage, Scipio’s remark on its fall, ii. 426.――Destruction of, iii. 106.――Merchants of, iv. 168 Carthagena, iii. 218 Cartharmartha, account of, iii. 42 Carthew, i. 260, 386, 393, 398 ―――― copper mine at, ii. 256 ―――― Thomas, ii. 255, 256. Mr. etymology of name and arms 255 Cartuther, iii. 172 Cartwright of Aynhoe, Northamptonshire, family, and W. R., M. P. iii. 152 Carvaghe or Carvolghe, in Morvan and St. Tes, iii. 359 Carvath, i. 49 Carvean, iii. 355 bis. Etymology 364 Carverth, account of, iii. 61 ―――― Captain Henry, his history, ii. 94.――Gawan, iv. 77.――Mrs. iii. 86. Mr. 88 bis. Family 61 Carveth, or Carverth in Mabe, ii. 94――iii. 124 ―――― O. A. i. 20.――Family of Thoms assumed the name, Thomas and arms, ii. 94.――John, iii. 82 ―――― of Peransand, Anthony and his daughter, iii. 176. Family 187 Carvinike, account of, i. 386 Carvolgue manor, iii. 243 Carwithinick, i. 241 Cary, Henry, ii. 423 ―――― of Clovelly, Devon, Mary, widow of Sir George, iii. 269.――Family, i. 177 ―――― Bollock or Bullock park, iv. 6, 7, 9. Account of 8 ―――― of Cockington, Robert, i. 108 Carynas, account of, i. 292 Casa gigantas, i. 194 Cassan, iii. 331 Cassibelan, i. 10, 334 Cassibelynn, ii. 3 Cassiolus, Abbot, iii. 434 Cassiter, ii. 2 ―――― street, Bodmin, and its etymology, i. 79 Cassiteridan islands, ii. 2 Cassiterides, i. 199 Castell-an-Dinas, account of, i. 219, 228. Soil 230 Castelle-an-Dinas, by Leland, iv. 262 Castille, Alonzo and Frederick 2nd, kings of, i. 311 Castle Caer Dane, iii. 322. Account of 319 Castle Carne Bray, ii. 237, 239 ―――― Cayle, iii. 342 ―――― Chiowne, description of, iii. 244 ―――― an-Dinas, account of, iii. 47.――or Dunes, iv. 53, 54. In St. Colomb 140 ―――― Denis, i. 220 ―――― Dore, iv. 102. Money found at in consequence of dreams 102 ―――― hill, iv. 136 ―――― Horneck, ii. 218. Near Penzance 285.――Account of, iii. 83 ―――― Kaerkief, account of, iii. 320. Well in 322 ―――― Keynock, ii. 187 ―――― Killy Biry, or Killy Biny, account of, i. 372 ―――― Kitty, i. 329 ―――― Kynoek, i. 77, 88, 94 ―――― Kynven, i. 329 ―――― Terrible, ii. 420 ―――― Treryn, iii. 31. Removing and replacing the rock 31 ―――― Werre, account of, ii. 156 Castledour, by Leland, iv. 279 Castlemaine, Roger Palmer, earl of, husband of the Duchess of Cleveland, ii. 11. Appointed governor of Surat, ib. Castles after the Conquest, generally built of lime and stones, iv. 140 ―――― in Cornwall, list of, iv. 228 Castleton, Lawrence, Prior of St. Syriac’s, iv. 113 Castletown, i. 261 Cat eating the dolphin, i. 395 Catacluse, stone of, iii. 178 bis ―――― Cliffs, pier at, iii. 179 Catcher, William, iv. 77 ―――― of St. Clements, John, iii. 327 bis Catchfrench, ii. 77 bis. Account of 68 Catherine, queen of Charles the Second, iii. 148 ―――― St. ii. 36. Her history 36. Her body found, its miraculous transportation, her wheel 37 ――――’s St. ii. 41 ――――’s St. chapel at Brightley in Kilkhampton, ii. 348 ―――― St. chapel near Launceston, ii. 419 Catholic church, general councils of, iv. 165 Catholic clergy, i. 338 Cattelyn, John de, i. 246 Catullus, i. 183 Catwater, iii. 108 Cavaliers, song of the, ii. 278 Cavall, i. 221 ―――― Mr. arms, ii, Etymology, marriages of heirs, division of lands, ii. 335 Cavedras, smelting-house at, ii. 317 Cavendish, Lord George, ii. 326. Major, monument to 325 Caweth of Caweth in Mabe, family and arms, ii. 337 Cawsand, iii. 108 ―――― bay, iii. 379 ―――― village, iii. 379 Caxton, i. 342 Caxton’s, William, “Fructus temporum,” i. 338 Cayl castle, by Leland, iv. 265 Caynham church, in Ludlow, Salop, ii. 292 Ceall Lidain, iii. 331 Cecil, Sir Robert, ii. 9. William 213. Sir William, lord treasurer, married the daughter of Sir Anthony Cooke 16. Earl of Salisbury 66. Robert, Earl of Salisbury 213 Ceely family, i. 256.――Name changed to Silly, iii. 237 Cell-Cester, i. 326 Celt, a thunderbolt, iv. 32 Celtic, i. 172, 342 ―――― people, iii. 49 Celts of Cornwall, their conversion, ii. 240 Ceriseaux, see Sergeaux Chad, St. patron of Litchfield, Worcester, and Shrewsbury, ii. 391. His death 392. Summerhouse dedicated to 391. Inscription in it 392 Chalk ridges in England, iii. 10 Challons, of Challons-Leigh, Catherine and Robert, ii. 354 Chamberlayne, heir of, ii. 109 Chamberlyne, Lord, iii. 155 Chambers, Mr. iii. 156 Chamond, John, ii. 415. His monument 416. Sir John 414 bis. Richard, remarkable for long life, honours, and numerous relations 414. Thomas and arms, ib. Residence 416. Family 357, 395 bis, 416.――Family, iv. 18 ―――― of Trewhythenick, i. 207 Champernon of Intsworth family, ii. 251, 254. John 251 bis. Sir John 251. Richard 251 bis, 254. Arms 254 ―――― of Madberie, Devon, Richard and Sir Richard, ii. 251 Champernoun, William, iv. 102, 103 Champernown, Jane, ii. 118. John 70 bis. Thomas 118. Family 119.――iii. 47 ―――― of Halewin, ii. 107 Champernowne, i. 348 ―――― Richard, i. 36. Family 293, 313.――Henry, iii. 294. William 276. Mr. 448. Heiress 294. Family 276――iv. 107, 127 ―――― of Beer Ferries, i. 347 ―――― of Clyst Champernowne, Devon, family and arms, ii. 254. ―――― of Darlington, Mr. iii. 8 ―――― of Halwyn, arms, ii. 254 ―――― of Porth Prior, ii. 65 ―――― of North Taunton, near Modbury, arms, ii. 254 ―――― of Umberleigh, near Modbury, arms, ib. Chancellor, Lord, i. 270 bis――ii. 52, 123――iii. 109――iv. 65.――Sir Thomas More, ii. 53.――Richard Lord Scrope, iii. 129 Chancery court, ii. 52 ter., 53――iii. 228 Chancery suits, ii. 120 Chandois, Lord, ii. 223 Chandos, Brook, Lord, ii. 32 Channel, iv. 12 Chapel, old British, at St. Ives, ii. 261 ―――― Carne Bray, iii. 429 ―――― Comb, i. 12 ―――― an Crouse, iii. 312 ―――― garden, iii. 147 ―――― house, iii. 256 ―――― Jane, iv. 164 Chaplin, John, i. 214.――Miss, iii. 11 Chapman, Edward, i. 237. Story of 238.――Edward, iii. 16 Chappell Amble, account of, ii. 336 Chappie, Sergeant, i. 270, 274 Charlemagne, iii. 335 Charles, John, iii. 346 ―――― 1st, King, ii. 21, 25, 27, 66, 71 bis, 213, 235, 258, 277, 305, 333, 335, 344, 396, 404, 405, 410, 411――iii. 61, 81, 134, 142, 144 ter., 146 bis, 151, 154, 157, 161, 183 ter., 199 bis, 213, 243, 269, 303, 315, 318, 358 bis, 463――iv. 75 bis, 107, 114, 119 bis, 152 bis, 156, 162, 172.――His bed-room at Cothele, i. 157.――Identified with the established church after the Restoration, ii. 20. Sir Beavill Grenville’s services to 343. Fired at 411. D’Israeli’s Life and Reign of 78.――At Leskeard, iii. 20, 42. Entertained at Trecarrell 42. Drew up his forces on Carraton Downs 44. His lines in answer to Ben Jonson 146. Le Strange’s life of him 145.――A battle of his army near Stratton, iv. 13. His managers of affairs 14. Lord Sandys raised a regiment of foot and of horse for 58. Marched to Cornwall, quartered at Liskeard 185. Surprised a party at Lord Mohun’s house, made a proposal of peace 186. Battle with Essex 187. Parliamentary generals forced their way through his army, his troops stopped the roads, were driven back, he sent Captain Brett forward, and for his success knighted him on the spot 188. Granted a parley 189. Charles 2nd, King, ii. 3, 5, 8, 21 bis, 25, 28 ter., 38, 44, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 95, 100, 142 bis, 158, 220 bis, 235, 277, 302, 316, 333, 345, 346, 421.――iii. 76, 104, 116, 134, 135 bis, 148 bis, 162 ter., 186, 201, 209, 212 bis, 250 bis, 274, 363, 381, 460, 463, 464――iv. 14, 57, 75, 94, 102, 107, 157.――His restoration, and war with the French and Dutch, ii. 27. Peace with Holland, debt to Captain Penrose 29. Reproved by Mr. Killigrew, his jester 15. Fonder of him than of his best ministers 22 Charles 2nd, ship, ii. 375. ―――― Prince, iii. 185, 363 ―――― 5th, Emperor, i. 411. ―――― 8th, Emperor, bought the empires of Constantinople and Trebizond, ii. 368 ―――― Martel, King of France, iv. 126 Charlestown, i. 11, 48――iv. 104 ―――― in South Carolina, attack upon, ii. 268. Ship nearly reached, driven back ib. Charleton, iii. 438.――Lieut.-colonel, iv. 186 Charlotte, a story of, ii. 103 ―――― Queen, i. 157 Charlwoodia australis, iv. 181 Charters, inviolability of, identified with liberty, i. 389 Chasewater, ii. 304, 310, 317. Almost a town 308 Chatham, William Pitt, Earl of, i. 69 bis. Obelisk to him 71 Chattisham, Suffolk, ii. 149 Cheapside, ii. 191 Checkenock or Killignock, iv. 139 Cheep, Captain, iii. 205 Cheesewring, i. 184 quin., 178――iii. 45 bis.――Description of, i. 185, 186 bis, 190, 193 Cheiney family, iv. 43 Chelsea, ii. 98 Cheni, Robert de, ii. 119 Cheny, i. 383 Chersonesus, ii. 125 Chester, iii. 109 ―――― choir, dedicated to St. Walburg, iv. 125 ―――― Miss, iv. 129 Chevy Chase, ballad of, i. 240 Cheyney, Charles, Viscount Newhaven, iii. 458. John 116.――John de, John, John, and John, iv. 43. Sir John and Sir John, both Speakers of the House of Commons 44. Ralph de, Robert de, and William de, one of them in the Crusades, arms 43 Cheynoy in St. Endellyan, iv. 43 Chiandower, ii. 84, 120, 124, 125. Etymology 125. Tin smelting-house at 82 Chichester, ii. 292.――John Lake, Bishop of, iii. 296. One of the seven 299 ―――― Charles, iii. 276 Chilcot, i. 8, 323 Chilcott, William, iii. 276 Chiliworgy, i. 189 China, ii. 290――iii. 183 ―――― clay or stone in St. Stephen’s in Brannel, iii. 454, 455 ter. Chinese wall, i. 189――iii. 289 Chiowne, iii. 289 Chippenham, i. 257 Chiverton in Perran Zabuloe, iv. 90.――Account of, iii. 333 ―――― Sir Richard, i. 314.――Richard and Miss, iii. 162 Chiwidden, St. the first smelter of tin, iii. 330 Cholwell, Mr. master of Wike St. Mary School, iv. 134 Christ Church College, Oxford, iii. 296, 297 bis――iv. 86, 95.――Rev. J. Bull, canon of, iii. 43.――Dean and chapter of, iv. 97 Christian church divided by heresies, ii. 63 ―――― festivals appointed for the days previously dedicated to pagan rites, ii. 288 Christianitatus, Deanery of, Exon, ii. 319 Christopher’s, St. iii. 183 Chrysocoma cernua aurea, iv. 181 Chrystallography, ii. 47 Chubb, Egidius, iii. 153 Chudleigh rectory, i. 130 ―――― James, ii. 189, 190. John Sheriff of Devon 235.――General, iv. 13 bis. Taken prisoner 15 Chudley family, ii. 395 Chulmleigh hundred, Devon, iv. 101 Chun castle, i. 229 bis Church blown up, i. 215 ―――― of England, iii. 298, 300 ―――― lands confiscated, iii. 155 ―――― tower at St. Enedor, fall of, i. 387 Churches, the different uses of Roman Catholic and Protestant, iv. 103 Churchill, Anne Duchess of Marlborough, i. 127. Lady Henrietta 234. Henrietta Duchess of Marlborough 126. John Duke of Marlborough 126.――Charlotte, iii. 217 Chydiock, coheir of, iii. 140 Chyendur, iii. 324 bis Chyncoos, account of, ii. 316 Chynoweth, i. 289. Account of 291 ―――― of Chynoweth, i. 291. Arms 292.――Anthony, John and his three daughters, and Mrs. iii. 125. Arms 126 Chyton, iii. 326 Chywarton, iii. 324 bis. Account of 325 Chywoon, ii. 104 Cileintenat, Roger, iv. 27 Cineraria populifolia, iv. 181 Cinque ports, ii. 38 Ciriac, Caricius or Cyret, St. iv. 112 Cissa, King of the South Saxons, ii. 284 Cistercian abbey, at Newenham, Devon, iii. 293 ―――― or White Friars, i. 83 Citrane, i. 162 Civil war, iii. 92, 152, 158――iv. 75, 87, 96.――Havoc of, iii. 294. Part taken by Cornwall in 298 Civil wars, ii. 387, 396, 410――iii. 183, 264, 274.――Trees at Tehiddy cut down in, ii. 240 Clahar, iii. 258 Clair, Clear, or Cleer, St. parish, iii. 13, 43, 45 bis, 260, 266, 371 Clanricarde, Earl of, ii. 93 Clare, Earl of, iii. 148. Hollis Earls of 147. John and Gilbert 148 ―――― St. history of, i. 175. Elopes from her parents and becomes an abbess 176 ―――― poor, nuns, i. 176 Clare’s, St. well, description of, i. 177――ii. 315. Treasure supposed to be concealed and discovered there 316 Claremont place, Brunswick-square, ii. 396 Clarenbaldus, King’s chaplain, ii. 426 Clarencieux the provincial herald, iii. 130, 131 Clarendon, Earl of, iii. 200.――Advises the imprisonment of Sir Richard Grenville, gives an unamiable character of him, ii. 345. A partial historian 350 Clarendon press, ii. 163――iii. 251 ―――― province, Jamaica, ii. 120 ――――’s History, i. 114 ――――’s Rebellion, ii. 347 Clares, nunnery of, at Truro, and their well at Edles in Kerrier, iv. 73 ―――― poor, ii. 19. First brought to England 19. Nunnery of, at Liskeard 170 Claret, receipt for making, ii. 186 Clarke, i. 311 bis. Rev. J. E. 316.――Jeffrie, ii. 16. Mr. 162 Classe, G. of Torrington, Devon, ii. 281 Claude Lorraine, picture by, i. 195 Clayton, Mary and Sir William, iv. 107 Clear, St. Cape, iii. 6 Cleare family, their arms, i. 177 ―――― of Mertock, Robert, i. 177 ―――― of Treworgy, i. 177 Cleare, St. of Tudwell, i. 177 Cleather family, i. 19, 198.――John sen., Samuel, and arms, iii. 325 ―――― St. i. 308, 377 ―――― parish, i. 1――ii. 36――iv. 61 bis, 63.――Rocks in, iii. 23 CLEATHER, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, first fruits, incumbent, land tax, history of St. Cletus, i. 197. Basill, the Trevelyans 198. Foye Fenton 199. By Tonkin, Basill 199. St. Eledred 200. By the Editor, Bordeny Abbey, story of Sir John Trevelyan 200. Statistics, vicar, and Geology by Dr. Boase 201 Cleave house, iii. 256 Cleder, i. 2 Cleer, St. parish, i. 381, 413 CLEER, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient state, first fruits, land tax, name, i. 174. Etomology, saint’s history, mendicant friars 175. St. Clare’s well, family of St. Clare, Treworgy, Conock, Tremabe, Treworock 177. Pennant, Wring-Cheese, the Hurlers, and the other halfstone, Dungerth’s monument from Camden 178. From Bond 179. From Polwhele 180. From Hals 181. Bond continued 182. Cheesewring 184. Gumbs house 184. Druidical basons 186. Rock of white marble near Looe, Sharpy Torry 187. View from 188. Extract from Ovid 189. Kilmarth Hill 189. Druids, from the Monthly Magazine 192. Etymology of Kilmarth, cromlech at Trethevic 193. King Doniert, father of St. Ursula, story of Ursula and her nuns, Claude Lorraine’s picture of their embarkation 195. By the Editor, other monuments, King Doniert’s death 195. The Hurlers, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 196 Cleer, St. town, i. 193 Clement 5th, Pope, iii. 115 ―――― 8th, Pope, anxious to reform the Greek Church, ii. 370 ―――― St. Pope and Martyr, iii. 344.――His history, i. 206 ―――― St. island and chapel, iii. 287 ―――― St. parish, i. 393, 404 CLEMENT, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient state, value of benefice, Condura, the Earl of Cornwall, i. 202. Caddock his son, Lambesso 203. Oliver King, ancestry of Samuel Foote, Penare 204. Tresimple Park, Polwhele 205. History of St. Clement 206. By Tonkin, the Polwheles, Penhellick, Trewhythenick, Lambesso 207. By the Editor, Polwhele, Rev. Charles Collins, Penhellick, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 208 Clement’s, St. church, near Temple Bar, iii. 142 ―――― parish, ii. 315, 318――iv. 70, 75, 80, 92――or Clemens, iii. 180, 190, 354 bis ―――― street, Truro, has a church of its own, iv. 76 Clements, Thomas, iii. 246 bis, 247 ter.――Rev. D. of Warleggon, iv. 131 Clemowe, Richard, iii. 387 Clemsland or Climsland manor, account of, iii. 7 Clerk, Henry, i. 213 bis. John 315. Paul 10.――Bernard, ii. 427. Sir George, his seat Pennycuick, county of Edinburgh 20 Clether, St. parish, ii. 377 bis, 378 Clethra arborea, iv. 181 Cletus, Bishop of Rome, his history, i. 197 Cleveland, Barbara, Duchess of, ii. bis.――Marquis of, i. 300 Clicker Tor, ii. 79――iii. 172, 173 bis, 180 Clickitor in Menheniot, iii. 373 Clies family, iii. 83 Clifford, Rosamond, i. 240.――Thomas, D. D. iii. 239 Clifton, iii. 94. Near Bristol 251 ―――― in Landulph, ii. 365, 371, 372――iv. 373 quin., 375. Account of 375 Climerston, ii. 247 Climsland Prior manor, iv. 9, 11 Clinton barony, i. 151 ―――― John 1st Lord, i. 151.――Arabella, ii. 313. General Sir Henry 268. Lord 231 bis.――Margaret, heir of the Earl of Lincoln, iii. 216. R. G. W. Trefusis, and C. Trefusis, Lords and Lady 230 Clive, abbey of, Somersetshire, iii. 349, 350 ―――― Colonel, ruined by a contested election, i. 390.――Family, iii. 94 Cloak, iii. 222 Cloake, Dr., iv. 74 Cloberry, Mr. i. 381.――Miss, iii. 66 ―――― of Carnedon family, iii. 459 Clobery, Lucy, ii. 153 ―――― of Bradstone, iii. 44 Clode, Major, iii. 338 Clodworthy, John, iii. 189 Clome, popular prejudice against in Cornwall, i. 267 Clopton, Hugh, iv. 134 Clotworthy, i. 416 Clowance, i. 266. Description of 288 Clowberry, William, iii. 2 Clowens, account of, i. 261 Cluniac monks, iv. 111 Clutterbuck, Captain, iii. 288 Clyfton in Landulph, Theodore, Paleolagus died at, ii. 365 Clymsland, ii. 429 Clyse, John, iii. 83 Coach, ancient, i. 358 Coade, Edward, iv. 65 Coalition ministry, i. 389.――Of Lord North and Mr. Fox, ii. 245 Coat, Sarah, iii. 461 Cobbeham, John de, iv. 153 Cobham, Lord, i. 87.――Family, iii. 117.――John de, iv. 13 Cobœa scandens, iv. 181 Cock, William, i. 224. Family 234.――John and Robert, ii. 160.――Anthony and John, iii. 382 Cock’s kitchen, i. 165 Cocke, Thomas, iii. 387 Cocks, Anne, Charles, Lord Somers, Reginald, and family monument, iii. 229 Code of St. Wen, John, iii. 325 bis Coffin, Rev. C. P. of Tamarton, iv. 42 ―――― of Hexworthy, Richard, iii. 3 ―――― of Portledge, Richard, and Miss, iii. 3.――Richard, iv. 40 Coffyn, Miss, ii. 236 Cohan, St. iii. 180 ―――― Martyr parish, iii. 181 Coill, King of Colchester, i. 237 Coke, John, i. 20 bis ―――― of Tregaza, Christopher, i. 395. Thomas 394, 395, 396 ―――― of Trerice, John, singular history of, i. 394. Arms 395, 396 Colan parish, iii. 139, 275 ――――, Little parish, i. 230――iii. 267 COLAN parish, or Little Colan, by Hals, situation, boundaries, named from the Barton, ancient state, founder of church, impropriation and value of benefice, patron, rector, incumbent, land tax, family of Colon, i. 209. Coswarth 210. Cudjore 211. By Editor, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 212 Colburn and Bentley, iii. 95 Colchester, ii. 76 Coldnell, John, Bishop of Salisbury, ii. 7 Cole family, ii. 216, 217, 336. Captain Christopher 216. Captain Francis, R.N. 216, 217. John 123. Rev. John, D. D. and Samuel 216.――Rev. Samuel, D.D. of Sithney, iii. 446. Rev. Mr. of Luxilian 56. Mr. 66 ―――― MSS. i. 300 ―――― of Curtutholl, iii. 170 ―――― of Devon, Philip, iii. 211, 215 Coleridge, Rev. J. D. iii. 4 Coleshill family, ii. 256.――Sir John, killed at Agincourt, his infant son heir of the family, iv. 16 Colgan, iii. 434 Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica, iv. 106 Collectio spinosa, iv. 181 Collet, Sir John, Lord Mayor of London, iv. 134 Collier family, iii. 277.――Rev. Mr. of St. Tudy, iv. 95 ―――― of Bosent family, iii. 348 Collins, Edward, i. 403 bis. Rev. Edward 351, 352, 353, 366. Elizabeth 352. Rev. John 208, 353. Wrote a note to Steevens’s Shakpeare 353. John 403.――Rev. John of Redruth, ii. 243.――Edward, iii. 339. Rev. Edward, the Editor’s great grandfather, rector of Sithney, Phillack, and Gwithian 446. The poet 219 Collins of Treworgan, in St. Erme, John, i. 353, 396. Arms 396.――Edward, iii. 343. Family 343, 382 ―――― of Treworgye, Edward, ii. 146, 147. Family 146 ―――― of Truthan, Edward, iii. 165 Colliton, Mr. iv. 23 Collon, Little, i. 212 Collquite or Killyquite, account of, iii. 65 Collrun in Perran Zabuloe, iii. 319 Collarian farm, account of, iii. 47 Collwell, Thomas, ii. 120 quater. Family 120 Collyar, i. 213 Collyer family, i. 135.――Rev. Mr. ii. 92 Collyns, Thomas, prior of Tywardreth, his correspondence with Cromwell, Vicar General to Henry 8th, iv. 105. Described 106. His election, and death 106 Colmady of Longdon, ii. 137 Colomb, St. parish, i. 56, 148, 211, 213, 215, 225, 250, 404――ii. 67, 85, 113, 217, 253.――Or Columb, iii. 149, 160, 324, 395――iv. 53 ―――― St. Lower, i. 209, 249――iii. 267 ―――― Major, St. i. 115, 140, 161, 209, 230, 235, 392 bis, 407――ii. 198――iii. 61, 139, 141, 142, 143, 161――iv. 2, 137, 140, 151 COLOMB Major, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient state, i. 212. Value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land-tax, history and description of church, Arundel chapel 213. History of St. Colomba, Jesus chapel 214. Contest for its revenues 214. Church blown up 215. Subscription for its repair, pinnacle destroyed by lightning 216. Steeple, College of Black Monks 217. History of Bishop Arundell, four free chapels, weekly market 218. Fairs, Castle-an-Dinas, the Coyt 219. King Arthur’s stone, Retallock barrow, the nine maids 220. Truan, pedigree of Vivian 221. Epitaph on Mrs. Vivian, pedigree of Carter 222. Trevithick, Trekyning, Nanswiddon 223. Tresuggan, Trekyninge Vean, Bespalfan chapel 225. By the Editor, the Saint, Nanswhyden, consumed by fire, statistics, feast, Geology by Dr. Boase, Fatwork mine, Manganese mine 227. Castle-an-Dinas by Borlase, tower built on the walls 228. By the Editor 229 Colomb Minor, St. church, i. 74――iii. 177 ―――― Minor, St. parish, i. 245, 251――iii. 269, 275 COLOMB Minor, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, revenues impropriated, vicars stipend, patron, land tax, church well kept, i. 230. Trelvye, Ryalton 231. Mundy family 232. Penitentiaries 233. Towan, Hendræ, Trevithick 234. By the Editor, Rialton, new quay, statistics, feast, Geology by Dr. Boase 235 ―――― St. Porth, i. 235, 388 ―――― St. rectory, i. 218 ―――― St. tower, iv. 229 ―――― or Columb, St. town, i. 218, 227――iii. 280――iv. 187. Road to Launceston from 46 Colomba, St. i. 213 Colomba’s St. day, i. 214 Colon of Colon, i. 209, 210 bis. Jane, Margaret 209. Roger 209 bis. Colon manor, i. 210 ―――― manor, Little, account of, i. 209 ―――― parish, i. 386 Colquite, i. 262――ii. 180――iv. 22 Colshill, i. 262 ―――― of Tremada, John, i. 319 quat. Colshul, of St. Ewe, i. 418. Sir John, bis, Joan 418 Colshull, Joan and Sir John, iii. 316 Colston family, iii. 95 Colt, i. 220 Coltdrynike, account of, ii. 67 Columba, iii. 331 Columbes, St. by Leland, iv. 261 Colyn, Oto, iv. 127 Comb Alan, ii. 402 Combe, Barton, i. 132――iii. 181 ―――― castle, by Leland, iv. 265 ―――― Henry, iv. 90 Comborne, i. 288――ii. 136 bis Come to good, ii. 35 Come to good Sunday, ii. 35 Common Pleas, Court of, in Cornwall, ii. 53 Commons, House of, i. 390 bis, 355――ii. 66, 71, 75, 76, 95, 158, 159 bis, 170.――Resolved not to sit on account of breach of privilege, i. 345.――Sir John Cheyney twice speaker of, iv. 44 Comneni, imperial race of, ii. 366 Comprigney, account of, ii. 318 Conant, St. iii. 396, 397, 398 bis. ―――― or Gonnet’s park and meadow, iii. 396, 397 ――――’s St. well, on Trefrank, iii. 393, 396 Conanus, Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415 Condura or Condurus, Earl of Cornwall, i. 36, 202――ii. 320.――His history, i. 203 Condura manor, ii. 320 Conerton, ii. 260; or Connerton 145 bis ―――― manor, exchanged for St. James’s, iii. 140; or Connorton manor, account of, ii. 145, 147. Exchange of 145, 147, 148 Connock, Mrs. iii. 20 Conock of Treworgy, i. 177. John, etymology of name, arms ibid. ―――― of Wiltshire, i. 177 Conor, etymology, i. 202 ―――― Mr. master of Truro school, iv. 85 Conorton of Lanherne, ii. 148 Conqueror, i. 43――ii. 89――iii. 14, 142 bis, 264, 462――iv. 62. His death 71 Conquest, ii. 70, 147, 238, 343――iii. 150, 226, 443――iv. 81 bis, 140. Consort or West Lower hundred, i. 38 Constans, the schismatic emperor, murderer of St. Martin, ii. 125 Constantine, Emperor, i. 327. History of 237.――St. iii. 175, 178 ―――― or Constanton parish, ii. 136――iii. 59, 74, 77, 124――iv. 2 CONSTANTINE parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, rector, land tax, i. 236. Saint’s history, Trewardevi 237. Story of Mr. Chapman 238. Churches endowed by Constantine and other monarchs 240. Notice of Carmenow from Tonkin 241. By the Editor, Merther, Trewren, Carwithenick 241. Chapels at Benalleck and Budeckvam, statistics, feast, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase 242 Constantine, St. church of, iii. 175, 178 ter. Font at 178 bis ―――― St. his festival, iii. 178, 179 bis ―――― St. well of, iii. 175 Constantinople, ii. 368 bis, 370――iii. 187 bis――iv. 100, 101, 148.――Arius bred at, ii. 63 ―――― emperors of, calling themselves emperors of Rome, ii. 365. Last who reigned at, ib. ―――― empire of, gold to Charles 8th, ii. 368 Constantius Chlorus, Emperor, i. 237 ter. Constat of Bishops of Landaff, i. 382 Convent, the first in Christendom, Franciscan, i. 81 “Conveyancer, Noye’s,” iii. 154 Conworthy, west, iii. 103 Conybeare, Rev. J. E. i. 111 Conyland, ii. 230 Cood, ii. 320 ―――― Michael, iii. 134 ―――― of Pensimple, William, iii. 238 Coode, Anne, iii. 248. John 143, 248. Richard 248. Miss 463. Family 253. Heir of 361. Arms 249. Monuments to 253 Cook, Mr. ii. 377 Cooke, family, i. 18.――Sir Anthony, ii. 373. Sir Anthony of Giddy Hall, Essex 7, 15. His daughters learned, and their great marriages 16. Katherine 7, 15. Oswald 423.――Dr., of London, iii. 187 ―――― of Mevagissey, Joseph, and Paschas, i. 357 ―――― of Treago, John, i. 248. Thomas 259 ―――― of Tregussa, i. 142 Cooper, Anthony Ashley, Earl of Shaftesbury, ii. 379. Bishop 66.――Rev. Dr. Samuel, iii. 72 Copgrave, i. 414, 415 Copleston family, i. 347――iii. 276 ―――― of Copleston, i. 347. John 104 Coplestone family, ii. 292. The great 293, 294. Hereditary esquires of the white spur, and very rich 293. John tried for murder, and John his son, and arms 293 ―――― of Colbrook, Devon, ii. 292 ―――― of Warleigh, Christopher, iii. 250 Copley, Sir Joseph, ii. 76 ―――― of Bake family, iii. 252 ―――― of Sprotborough, ii. 76 Copper, seldom appears on the surface, but is mixed in tin lodes, ii. 134. Mode of selling in Cornwall 318. Veins and branches of native 360 Copyholds, renewals of, iv. 54. Converted in Cornwall into leases for life, ib. Coran, account of, i. 419 Corbean, i. 49 Corbet, Anne, i. 36, 203. Catherine 296 ―――― of Allenaster, co. Warwick, Anne, iii. 456, 463. Robert, her father 463 ―――― of Shropshire family, iii. 404, 405 Cordall, John, iii. 318 bis. John and Ralph 218 Cordelier or Franciscan friars――see Friars Coren of Bullsworthy, John, iii. 3 ―――― of Stephen’s family and arms, iii. 3 ―――― St. ii. 113 Corey, Rev. Richard, i. 377 Corfe Castle, Henry Bankes M.P. for, iii. 221 Corfu, ii. 368 Corington, Sir John, his widow, i. 314 Corinth reduced by the Turks, ii. 367 Cork, i. 115 ―――― county, iii. 331 ―――― Edmund Boyle, Earl of, ii. 385 Corker, Robert, of Falmouth, i. 399.――Mr. ii. 11.――Robert, iii. 444 Corlyer of Tregrehan, Thomas, i. 259 Cornall, Teek, iii. 287 Cornavy, ancient name for Cornwall, iv. 39 Cornburgh, Avery, iii. 405 Cornehouse monastery, i. 407 Cornelius, St. i. 244 Cornelly parish, i. 300, 424 bis――ii. 356――iii. 182, 188, 189, 354 bis CORNELLY parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, consolidation with Probus, i. 242. Patron, incumbent, land tax, impropriation, ancient state, name in 1521, Tredenike 243. By Tonkin, etymology, Trewithenike 243. Saint 244. By Editor, Gregor family 244. Statistics, and Geology by Dr. Boase 245 Corneth, John, ii. 375 Cornish acre, ii. 89, 120 ―――― antiquities, ii. 392 ―――― Britons, King Athelstan’s victory over, iv. 40 ―――― clergy ii. 89 ―――― critics, their mistakes, iii. 320 ―――― crown, iii. 451 ―――― demesnes, iii. 451 ―――― diocese, visitation of, iii. 456 ―――― families educated at Truro school, iv. 85 ―――― historian, ii. 95 ―――― insurrection, iii. 387 ―――― kings, iii. 451 ―――― lawsuits, ii. 53 ―――― men in Charles the second’s service, ii. 29 ―――― minerals, Mr. Williams’s fine collection of, ii. 134 ―――― miners, iii. 229.――Marched against the combined fleet, ii. 245 ―――― names, App. 9, iv. 312 to 318 ―――― office for administration of the sacrament, ii. 31 ―――― people, their insurrection against Henry 8th, ii. 192 ―――― proverbs, i. 354, 368 ―――― rebels, ii. 186. King answers their demands 195 ―――― see, i. 116 ―――― tinners, iv. 167 ―――― tongue spoken late, ii. 31 Scawen’s dissertation upon, iv. 193 to 221 ―――― trials, ii. 53 ―――― vocabulary, iv. 39 ―――― Wonder Gatherer, ii. 173――iii. 392 ―――― works translated, iii. 288 ―――― family, i. 10.――Rev. G. J. ii. 309. William 216. Elizabeth, lived to a hundred and thirteen, iv. 17 ―――― of Trevorike, William, ii. 255 bis. Miss 255. Mr. 256 Cornmarth, ii. 133 Cornua ammonis, plentiful at Keynsham near Bath, ii. 297 Cornwall, Archdeacon of, William de Augo, ii. 426 ―――― archdeaconry, iii. 460 ―――― assizes, i. 173.――Held at Launceston, ii. 422 ―――― Bishop of, i. 18.――ii. 54, 299 bis. Berwoldus 60. Suffragan to the diocese of Exeter at St. German 72.――Bishops, iii. 415 ―――― bishopric of, i. 96. 231.――ii. 95――iii. 456 ―――― cathedral of, i. 73.――Mr. Whitaker’s discussion upon, iii. 408 ―――― county, i. 327, 328, 334――ii. 19――iv. 48, 49.――Afield of political speculation, i. 69. Encroachment of the sea on its coasts 60. Rebellions in 86, 88.――The back door of rebellion, ii. 186. Mr. Rashleigh the first collector of minerals in 47. Recent histories of 47. Smallest parish in 49. Judge Dolben a happiness to 52. St. German in 65 bis. Parochial history of 66. Ancient mining of 82. Romantic scenery of 88. Dunstone prevalent in 88. Service on the King’s coming into 89. First boarding school for ladies in 91. Inundation of sand buried the northern parts of 149. Rebels made prisoners in 197. Executed 198. Seven Saxon Kings dined together in 284. A petrifier of serpents wanted in 292. Fragmentary rocks in 330. Blessings proclaimed to the builders of Bideford bridge in all the churches of 341. Contributed to by most families of note in 341. Successful royal campaign in 345. Gentlemen’s seats in, embellished from Stowe 351. Gold found in 354. Inaccessible situation of 386. Select vestry in all large parishes of 388. Part taken in civil war by 396. Lan used as a prefix in 424. Launceston the capital of 431. Hills and bad roads of 431.――Relics of antiquity in, iii. 52. Vallies in, heaps of rubbish 59. Medicinal waters of 79. No vicarage churches in 114. Granite in 432. Devon dismembered from 104, 462. Unsettled state of 246. First great iron works in 305. The west of, reduced by Athelstan 322. Prince Charles in 363. St Sennan came to 431 bis. Error of some writers upon 6.――Alien priories in, iv. 101. Earthworks in 126. Settlement of the Saxons in 125. Many gentlemen’s sons of, educated at Wike St. Mary’s school 134. The Northern entrance into, was formerly by Stratton 16. Trevalga in the most desolate part of 67. London architecture reaching to 81. Copper ores of, purchased by Mr. Coster 89. Truro the first town in 85. Essex and his army entered, iv. 185 ―――― Custos Rotulorum of, Lord Robarts, ii. 379 ―――― Geological Society of, ii. 291――iii. 424――iv. 122 ―――― History of, Mr. Fortescue Hitchens assisted in compiling, ii. 224 ―――― hundreds of, account of them, App. 13, iv. 317 ―――― Lords Lieutenant of, Earl of Radnor, ii. 380.――Two Earls of Mountedgecumbe, iii. 107 ―――― members of parliament for, ii. 351 ter. Sir John Eliot 71. Sir William Lemon 85.――Francis Basset, iii. 229. Admiral Boscawen 219. Hugh Boscawen 40. James Buller 249. Sir A. Carew 40. Sir William de Ferrers 165. Sir B. Granville 40. Sir William Lemon 229, 249. E. W. W. Pendarves 367. Mr. Praed 9. Thomas de Prideaux 56. Sir Thomas Sereod 165. Nicholas Trefusis 40. Sir W. L. S. Trelawny 301. John Trevanian 200, 201, 204. His letter 204. Sir Richard Vyvyan 136. Sir R. R. Vyvyan 137.――Francis Gregor, iv. 89. John de Tynten 96 ―――― militia, iv. 37.――Charles Phillips, Lieut.-col. of, ii. 399. Jonathan Phillips, Captain in 399.――Mr. Williams, Colonel of, iii 159.――Charles Phillips, Lieut.-col. of, iv. 45. Henry Thompson, Captain in 109 ―――― sheriffs of, ii. 47, 68. Basset 235 ter., 304, 394, 395. Carnesew 186, 335 ter. Chamond 414 quater. Champernon 251. John Enys 97. Grenvill 341 quater. William Harris 139. Orchard 343. Treffry 43 ter.――Mr. Amy, iii. 235. Thomas Le Archideakene 405. Arundell Sir John 141, 274. Sir J. 213. Renfry and Renfry 141. Humphrey Borlase 238, 268. Hugh Boscawen 213. Buller Sir Francis 463. John 249. Richard and Sir Richard 463. Carmenow John 132, 133. Ralph 129. John and J. T. Coryton 346. Stephen Durnford 374. Peter, Sir Peter, Richard, Richard and Sir Richard Edgecumbe 104. John Eliot 337. George Herisey 417. James 419. Richard 417. Richard Gedy 337. Edward Herle 41. John de Mawgan 148. Erasmus Pascoe 343 Richard Penrose 444. Gregory Peter 176. Mr. Popham 446. R. Prideaux 56. Thomas Rawlings 280. John, and Sir John Reskymer 133. Sir John 147. Hugh Rogers 445. Sir Richard Sergeaulx 65. John de Tregaga 211. John Tremayne 101. Charles, Sir Charles, Hugh, Hugh, Hugh, William, Sir William, and Sir Wm. Trevanian 199. Walter de Treworther 269. Francis, Hanniball, Michael, Richard, and Richard Vyvyan 134. John, Thomas, and Thomas Walesbury 116. John Worth 62 Cornwall county, standard of, iii. 332 ―――― Carew’s survey of, index to, iv. 381 ―――― duchy, i. 3――ii. 87, 155, 375, 404――iii. 14, 15, 26 bis, 28, 57, 286――iv. 6, 9, 14, 127, 186.――A manor annexed to, ii. 46.――Robert Corke, receiver of, iii. 444. Holdings 286.――Manor, iv. 6 ―――― Duke of, i. 75, 202, 253, 323, 413――ii. 145, 229, 230, 309, 365, 376, 401, 402――iii. 24, 28, 44, 64 ter., 81, 223, 328, 349――iv. 7, 8, 61, 71, 125. His lands 186. Edward I. 296. Prince Edward 339.――Edward the Black Prince, ii. 422――iv. 71. Frederick Prince of Wales, ii. 84. Solomon, a Christian 338. William 408. Edward the Black Prince, iv. 71 ―――― Dukes of, iii. 14, 15, 24――iv. 72.――Their Exchequer Hall, iii. 26.――Had a castle at Helstone, ii. 402. List of them from the time of Edward III. i. 373 ―――― Duke and Earl of, i. 318――iv. 7, 8, 78 ―――― Earl of, i. 151, 153, 202, 318, 322, 323――iii. 448, 462.――His castle at Truro, now in ruins, iv. 76.――Ailmer, i. 73. Algar 73, 74, 94 bis, 95. Caddock 203, 254. His history and arms 203. Condur 254. Condura 36, 202. Cradock 36. Edmund Plantagenet 253, 254. John 296 bis. John of Elham 256, 339, 341. Piers Gaveston 338. Reginald 36. Richard 36, 340.――Robert 402. Edmund, ii. 138. Prince John, his treason 177. Protected Pomeroy 178. Reginald 420, 428. Richard 109, 138, 403, 422. Richard Plantaganet 155. Richard, King of the Romans 8, 156. Robert 418. Roger 128. William 418.――Ailmer, iii. 462. Algar 462. Cadock 82, 462 bis. Agnes or Beatrix, his daughter 463. Condura 462. Edmund 15, 26, 27. Son of Richard King of the Romans 285. Edward of Caernarvon 302 bis. John 27. King 448. Reginald 353. Richard 14, 15, 26, 27, 47, 268, 350. King of the Romans, &c. 15, 19, 28, 169, 268, 285, 448 bis. A promoter of monastic establishments 285. Robert 14, 27, 44. Earl of Morton, &c. 291, 345, 349, 352, 451 bis. Robert Guelam, Earl of Morton, &c. 462.――Edmund, iv. 4. His history 368. Gothlois 94. John 71 bis. Of Eltham, his history 371. Succeeded to the crown 71. Reginald 169. Incorporated Truro 77. His history 353. Richard 26, 27, 41. His history 356. Robert Earl of Morton, &c. 15, 67, 102, 118. Roger 41. William Earl of Morton, &c. 100, 111 ―――― Earls of, ii. 38, 145, 257 bis, 259, 260, 384, 422――iii. 79, 168, 442, 448, 452, 456――iv. 6.――Held their court at Tintagell castle, ii. 402.――Their history, app. 12. Before the Conquest, iv. 346 to 348. After the Conquest 348 to 373 ―――― Earls of, Norman, iv. 81 ―――― Earldom of, ii. 156, 379, 384――iii. 22, 452.――Raised to a Dukedom, ii. 155. Lost its feudal sovereignty 392 ―――― King or Earl of, i. 322, 323 ―――― Kings of, iii. 326, 452 ―――― Prince of, i. 327 ―――― Princes of, ii. 158――iii. 13 ―――― Launceston Castle, their seat, ii. 418 ―――― See of, reasons for removing, iii. 416 ―――― sovereigns of, iii. 365 ―――― Geffery, iii. 449. Joan 448. John 318. Sir John 27. Richard de 448. William 449. Family 198 Cornwall, of Burford in Shropshire, family, iii. 449 Coronilla glauca, iv. 181 ―――― valentina, iv. 181 Corpus Christi College, Oxford, iii. 406 Corrack road, ii. 281. Account of 284 Corringdon, Rev. Mr. ii. 340 Corsican gold, iv. 33 Cortyder, by Leland, iv. 280 Corvith, in St. Cuby, iii. 362 Cory, Rev. W. ii. 364 Coryton family, i. 410――ii. 32――iv. 130. Johanna, iii. 166. John 346. Sir John 164, 165 bis, 266, 345, 346. John. T., 346 bis, 348. Built a fine house 166. Family 161, 165, 346. Name 165 ―――― of Crockadon, John, i. 315 ―――― of Newton family, i. 315.――John, ii. 231. William 305.――Anne and Catherine, iii. 162. Sir John 162 ter., 176. Sir John’s widow 163. William and Sir William 162. Family 161. Arms 162.――Sir John, iv. 9 ―――― of Pentillie, Mr. iii. 372.――Of Pentilly, J. T. i. 316 Cosawis, or Gosose, ii. 100 Cosens, Nicholas, Sheriff of Cornwall, ii. 317. Family 319 Cosowarth, Miss, i. 387 ―――― Bridget, Sir Samuel, and Nicholas, iii. 135. Miss 116. The estates passed to Vyvyan 135 ―――― of Nanswhiddon, i. 387 ―――― of Penwarne family and heir, iii. 191 Cossa, i. 326 Cossens, i. 313 Coster, Mr. of Bristol, i. 226.――A coppersmith there, took Mr. Lemon into partnership, iv. 89 Coswarth, i. 210. Account of 211 ―――― Bridget and Sir Samuel, i. 222. Arms 211 ―――― of Coswarth, Bridget, i. 211. Dorothy 210. Edward 211 bis. John 210 bis. John 211 quat. Nicholas, bis, Robert, ter. Samuel, Sir Samuel, bis, 211. Samuel 212. Thomas 211 Coswin, account of, ii. 142 Cosworth, Miss and Mr. iii. 193 Coswyn de, John, and family, ii. 142 Cotehele, i. 154, 158 bis, 159――ii. 108, 115.――View of the Chapel at, i. 156.――Thick woods about, iii. 102 ―――― de Cotehele, Hilaria and William, i. 154 Cotele, iv. 70 Cotland, ii. 71 Cottell of Alderscombe, Alexander, and family, ii. 351. Arms 352 Cotterell’s dispute with Le Grice for the lands of the latter, ii. 277 Cottey, Christopher, and Mr. iii. 327 Cottle, Alexander, and his father, iii. 116 Cotton, William, i. 141. William, F. S. A. 228.――Sir John, iii. 235 bis, 237. His sister 237. William 233, 244. William, Bishop of Exeter 233. William, son of the Bishop 234, 235. Family and their monuments 233.――Family, iv. 45, 62 ―――― MSS. 154 Couch, Reginald, ii. 90 Coulson, Henry, and Rev. T. H. ii. 359 ―――― Rev. H. T. of Ruan Major, iii. 420 Coumb, St. Lower, parish, iii. 139 Coumbe village, iii. 255 Council, general, of the British clergy, at St. Alban’s, ii. 64 Councils, ecclesiastical, i. 100 ter. Court barton, iii. 448 bis――ii. 395, 396 ―――― in Lanreath, ii. 394 ―――― in St. Stephen’s, the Tregarthyns removed to, ii. 109 ―――― of chivalry, iii. 129 ―――― leet at Helston, ii. 145.――Of Ryalton, i. 231 bis ―――― manor, ii. 110 ―――― roll, tenure by copy of, ii. 51 ―――― rolls, iii. 234.――Of a manor for three centuries, in possession of the editor, iv. 54 Courtenay, Sir Edward, i. 33. Elizabeth, Florence, and Isabel 65. Jane 33. Maud 65. Peter, Bishop of Exeter 373.――Kelland, ii. 353, 354, 384. Richard and Thomasine 386. Walter 189. William, sheriff of Devon 235. Lord William and Sir William 189. Family 354, 362, 375.――George, iii. 214. Archbishop 171 bis. Monument to a 439. Family 373, 437.――Nicholas, iv. 112. Lawrence 113. Family 41, 97. A branch of at Treveryan 109. Arms 96 Courtenay of St. Benet’s, Henry, i. 113.――In Lanyvet, Henry, iv. 188 ―――― of Boconock, Edward, i. 43. Of Boconock and Haccomb, Emelyn, and Sir Hugh 64 ―――― Earls of Devon, Edward, i. 63, 64 quat.――Edward 11th Earl, iii. 436. Edward 12th Earl 437 ter. Edward 16th Earl 64, 65 bis.――Hugh, i. 63.――Thomas, and Thomas his successor, iii. 350.――William, i. 64 ―――― Henry Marquis of Exeter, i. 43, 64――ii. 375 ―――― of Haccomb, Sir Hugh and Margaret, i. 262.――Sir Hugh, iii. 437 bis ―――― of Moland, Elizabeth and Sir Philip, i. 64 ―――― of Powderham, i. 411 ―――― of Tremere family, ii. 385, 387. Charles and Humphrey 385. Kelland 385 bis. William, ib. ―――― of Trethurfe family, Sir Peter and William, ii. 385――or Trethyrfe, i. 65――iii. 133 ―――― i. 171, 177――ii. 292 ―――― of Boconnock, iv. 157 ―――― of Penkivell, ii. 54 ―――― of Trehane, William, i. 397――ii. 130 ―――― of Tremeer, i. 396――iii. 187 ―――― of Trethurfe, i. 397 Courts of Westminster, Cornwall remote from, ii. 145 Covent Garden theatre, Mr. Dagge manager of, ii. 34 Coventry, Lady Anne, i. 37.――Henry, iii. 252 Coverack, ii. 331 quater. Noted for a lucrative trade 324 ―――― cove, a transport lost in, ii. 325 ―――― pier, ii. 331 Covin, i. 205 Cowley contrasted with Killigrew, ii. 22 Cowling, John, and his daughter, iii. 288 Cowlins of Kerthen, i. 266 Coysgarne, iii. 326 Coyt, in St. Colomb, account of, i. 219 Coytfala, now Grampound, i. 353 Coytpale, i. 257 Cozens, or Cosens, William, iv. 77 Crackington cove, ii. 88 Cradock Earl of Cornwall, i. 36 Craggs, Harriet; and James, Secretary of State, ii. 75 Craig Vrance, ii. 305 Crane, i. 162, 164.――In Cambume, ii. 123 ―――― of Crane, Richard, family and arms, iii. 387 Crantock church, i. 74, 248, 250 ―――― college, i. 247, 250 ―――― parish, i. 230, 249, 289, 293――iii. 267, 343 CRANTOCK parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, i. 245. Ancient state and revenues, impropriation, vicar’s stipend, patron, incumbent, land tax 246. Consecrated well, name of church, Treganell 247. Treago 248. Gannell creek, Tremporth bridge 249. By Tonkin, saint’s name, impropriation, incumbent. By the Editor, collegiate church 250. Statistics, feast, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase 251 Crantoke, by Leland, iv. 285 Crawley, Judge, iii. 144 Creation, i. 260 “Creation of the World,” Mr. Keigwyn’s translation published by Editor, iii. 329 ―――― and “Flood,” i. 109.――Translated, iii. 288 Crediton, Devon, ii. 69――iii. 248, 415.――St. Boniface born at, iv. 126 ―――― Leofric, Bishop of, iii. 416. Livingus, Bishop of 415 ―――― see of, iii. 415 ―――― college, iii. 7 Credys in Padstow, not noticed in Tanner, ii. 388 Creed, Apostles’, in Cornish, i. 252, 260 ―――― church, i. 258 ―――― parish, i. 140, 300, 424――ii. 90――iii. 170, 195, 198, 354, 371, 448, 450, 451 CREED parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, i. 251. Apostles’ creed in Cornish 252. Value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, Tybesta, Grampound borough, privileges 253. Fairs and market, chief inhabitants, Trevelick, Tencreek 254. Pennans, Nantellan, Carlynike 255. Nancar 256. By Tonkin, Trencreek, Granpont, ib. Trevellick, Trewinnow, Pennance 257. Trigantan, the church 258. By the Editor, Tybesta and Grampound ibid. Hawkin’s family 259. Differences of the Cornish creeds, statistics, vicar 260 ―――― rectory house, i. 258 Creeg meer, account of, iii. 319 Cregoe, account of, i. 297 ―――― i. 205. Rev. John 424.――Edward, ii. 54. M. G. 58 Cremble passage, iii. 105 Cressy, battle of, iv. 72 Crewe, Rev. Mr. ii. 86.――Elizabeth-Anne and John, iii. 220. Mr. 185, 211 Crewenna, St. i. 263 Crews, Rev. Mr. i. 253 Crewys, Sir Alexander, i. 347. Mr. of Lesnewith, iii. 22. Mr. 276 Cricklade, i. 258 Criticism, &c. letters on, ii. 76 Croaker of Crogith, i. 299 Croan, i. 371. Account of 376 Crocadon, account of, iii. 162 Crockaddon, account of, i. 313, 316 Crocker, Michael, i. 8 ―――― of St. Agnes, Miss, iii. 80 Croftilborow, iii. 439 Croftshole, iii. 439 bis Crogith, account of, i. 299 Croker, Sir John, ii. 189. Robert 337, 338 Cromlech at Trethevye, i. 193 Cromleigh at Lanyon, iii. 89 ―――― at Malfra, iii. 90 ―――― in Morva parish, iii. 90, 244 ―――― in Zennor parish, iii. 90 Cromleighs, description of them, iii. 90 Cromwell, Oliver, i. 204――iii. 186, 188, 381.――Curious letter from, ii. 47.――His interregnum, i. 204――ii. 277――iii. 421, 449.――His wars with Charles 1st and 2nd, iv. 75.――Richard, iii. 188.――Thomas, his correspondence with the prior of Tywardreth, iv. 105. Described 106 Crook, Judge, iii. 144 Croome family, iii. 192 Cross family, ii. 252, 397 ―――― of Bromfield, Somerset, Mary and Richard, iii. 315 ―――― posts, establishment of, i. 56. Farmed by Mr. Allen 57 Crosses on moor stones, i. 195 Crossman, ii. 54 Crosstown village, iii. 255 Crostetedon, i. 236 Crowan parish, i. 118, 160, 355――ii. 122, 139, 141 bis, 144, 272――iii. 7, 65, 384, 389, 441, 442 CROWAN parish, by Hals, boundaries, ancient state, value of benefice, patronage, rector, incumbent, land tax, endowment, Clowens, pedigree of Seynt Aubyn, i. 261, Tregeare, by Tonkin, etymology 263. Tregeare, Hellegan, Clowance 264. By the Editor, patronage of the church, oversight of Hals, Sir John Seynt Aubyn, Lady Seynt Aubyn’s marriage portion 265. Stoke Damarel, Devonport, advowson, by Lysons, Kerthen 266. Shewis, Henry Rogers’s resistance of the sheriffs, fatal consequences 268. His escape, arrest, trial 269. Evidence 270. Lord Hardwicke’s charge 278. Proclamation 279. His son’s account 280. His death 282. Sir John Seynt Aubyn’s letter on the occasion 284. Monuments in the church, chapel of ease, charity school, statistics, feast, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase, celebrated for mines, beauty of Clowance 288 Crown demesnes, iii. 365 ―――― patronage, ii. 231――iii. 222, 223, 253, 284, 349――iv. 40, 97, 127, 137, 160. Let 40 ―――― “Noye’s Rights of,” iii. 154 Crudge, Adry, i. 357 Cruetheke, iii. 372 Cruff of Borew, i. 421 Crystalline rocks in Linkinhorne, iii. 45 Cubert church, i. 74 ―――― parish, iii. 39, 275, 333 Cuby parish, i. 413――ii. 2――iii. 354, 371, 402, 403, 451.――St. iv. 117 CUBY, St. parish, or Tregony, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, antiquity, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, history of the saint, i. 294. His shrine, privileges of the borough 295. Castle, arms of the borough, family of Pomeroy 296. Crego 297. Attempts of Mr. Trevanion to render the river Val navigable, Carreth 298. Hospital 299. By Tonkin, Crogith, bridge, ruins of the old town, and of St. James’s church, its patron 299. By the Editor, ancient town, castle, and priory 299. Statistics, vicar, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 300 Cudan Beke, i. 32 Cudanwoord, ii. 59 Cudden Point, iii. 311 ter., 375. Curious custom at 311 Cuddenbeck, ii. 68 ―――― borough, ii. 69 Cudjore, account of, i. 211 Cudworth, Mr. iv. 94 Culloden, victory of, caused the fall of the Whigs, ii. 244 Cumberland, i. 289――iii. 246 Cuming, Alexander, iii. 445 Cummin, Rev. Mr. ii. 398 Camming, Sir Alexander, and Mr. iii. 9 Curgenven, Captain and Mrs. iv. 4 Curgurven, Rev. William, iii. 357 Curlyghon or Curlyon, ii. 155. Account of 301 ―――― family, ii. 301 Curlyon family, descendants of Richard, i. 54 Curnow, John, iii. 343 ter. and three daughters 343. Family 54, 343.――John, iv. 55 Curran Boake, ii. 61 Currie or Karentocus, St. church iv. 12 Curthop, i. 298 Curthorp, i. 298 Curtutholl, account of, iii. 170 Curvoza, account of, iii. 362 Cury parish, i. 118, 356――ii. 80, 126 bis――iii. 110, 127, 128, 257, 416, 419 CURY parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, ancient state, family of Bochym, Arundell’s rebellion, i. 301. Family of Bellot, Bonython 302. Bochym, Shewis 303. By Editor, statistics, feast, Geology by Dr. Boase 304 Custendon, i. 236 Custom house establishment at St. Ives, ii. 261.――At Truro, iv. 74 Customs, laws of, iii. 423.――Mr. Lamb, collector of, at Fowey, ii. 47――and excise, laws of, iv. 175 Cuthbert, St. his history, i. 289.――Bishop of Lindisfarne, iv. 42 ―――― St. parish, i. 215, 254――iii. 267, 313 CUTHBERT, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, ancient state, value of benefice, patron, rector, land tax, saint’s history, i. 289. Translation of his relics and the bishopric from Lindisfarne to Durham 290. Holywell, Chynoweth 291. Carynas 292. By Tonkin, plague, holy well 292. Hallanclose, church, Kelsey 293. By the Editor, statistics, feast, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase 293 Cuthill, i. 154 Cutler, Sir John and Mary, ii. 380 Cyric, St. the monk of, iv. 114 Cyric’s, St. creek, iv. 113

Dacia, i. 336 Daddoe, Rev. J. of Merthyr, iii. 189 Dagge, Mr. possessor of Killigarreen; and Mr. and his brother, manager of Covent-garden theatre, ii. 34 Dal, monastery at, ii. 90. St. Sampson’s remains enshrined there 90 D’Albert, Sir Perdiccas, ii. 176 Dalbier, a parliamentary general, iv. 186 bis Dallaway’s Chichester, iii. 205 D’Alneto family, ii. 375 Dameliock castle, i. 328 bis, 329 bis, 330 ter., 331 ter., 332――iv. 94.――Siege of by King Uter, i. 329 Damelsa castle, iv. 140 ―――― house, iv. 140 Damerell, Sir John, iii. 60. Arms 61 Damholt, Lord, French Admiral, ii. 342 Danaus, his daughters, iii. 265 Dance Meyns, i. 141 bis Dandy family, ii. 397 ―――― of Trewenn, William, i. 326 Danell, i. 383 Danes, i. 290――ii. 27――iii. 262, 365――iv. 140. Burn Bodmin, ii. 60. Bishop Stidio’s loss by 61. Arrived in West Wales (perhaps Cornwall), and defeated on Hengiston downs 310. Probably buried in the three barrows 317. Their castles 423.――Destroyed Nutcell abbey, iv. 126 D’Angers of Carclew, Isabella, iii. 225 bis. James 225. Margaret 225 bis. Richard 225. Family 224. Arms 226 Daniel, Nicholas, i. 375.――Richard, iv. 77.――Family, i. 434 Daniell, Thomas, i. 58――R. A. ii. 33 bis, 318. Successful in mining 33. Thomas 33 bis. Built a house at Truro of Bath stone 33. Member for West Looe 34. Samuel, his Chronicle 284.――Mr. succeeded Mr. Lemon, married Miss Elliot, iv. 89 Daniell’s Chronicle, i. 339 Danish barrows, iii. 319 Danish camp, iv. 77. Dissertation upon 78 Danmonia, iv. 39 Danmonii, i. 199 Danvers, Sir John, iii. 316, 317.――Family, i. 121 ―――― of Dantesy, Wilts, Sir John, iii. 317, 318 Daphne odora, iv. 181 Dapifer, Richard, iv. 107 Darell, Thomas, and family, iii. 240 Darley family, and Rev. Mr. ii. 226 Darlington, Lord, proprietor of Camelford borough, sold it since Reform bill, ii. 405 Dart of Dart Ralph, Devon, family, iii. 193 ―――― river, iii. 103――iv. 158 Dartmoor, i. 170, 188――ii. 213――iii. 45, 431. Forest 265――iv. 6.――Hills, iii. 253. Chain of granite hills to Land’s End, from 120. Road across them 121 Dartmouth, ii. 83――iii. 105.――Pirates conveyed to, iii. 41 ―――― William Legge, first Earl of, iii. 206 Darwin, Dr. lines by, i. 30 Daubeney, Giles, Lord, i. 87 ―――― Catherine and Ralph, ii. 251. Lord 189, 191. Sheriff of Cornwall 186 Daungers of Carnclew, Isabel, iii. 303. James 303 bis. Margaret 303 Davenport, Judge, iii. 144 Davey of Creed, i. 144 David, King of Israel, i. 305, 329 ―――― St. iii. 434 bis.――Bishop of Menevia, i. 24, 304, 321, 382 ter. His history by Hals, and by the Editor 305. Legend of 307 Davidstowe barton, account of, i. 305――parish, i. 21, 197, 199, 382――ii. 401――iii. 22, 180, 275――iv. 61 bis, 124, 125 DAVIDSTOWE parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of living, incumbent, land tax, i. 304. History of St. David, barton of Davidstowe 305. By Tonkin, St. David. By Editor, his history more at large 305. Impropriation of tithes, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 307 Davie, John, iii. 387 ―――― of Burnuhall, i. 147 bis, 148 ―――― of Orleigh, Charles, i. 380. Account of his wife, ib. Davies, Henry, i. 282 bis.――Henry, iii. 6. Henry, great uncle to the Editor 307. Rev. George, Rector of Perran Uthno 307 bis. Rev. John, ditto 306, 307. Miss 429. Family 35, 47, 216.――Catherine, the Editor’s aunt, iv. 165. William 55.――Family, ii. 170, 218, 304 Davies of Bosence, i. 360. Catherine 360, 362. Elizabeth 362, 363. Henry 360 bis, 361, 365. John 360 bis, 362 bis. Mary, ib. Philippa, ib. William 361 bis. Arms 361. Crest 365. Monuments at St. Earth 361 ―――― of Burnewall, in Buryan, Christopher bought Noye’s title to the Lanow estate, but constrained to compromise with the Earl of Bath, pleaded his own cause to the admiration of the court, ii. 334 ―――― of Canonteign, Devon, Thomas, iii. 269 ―――― of St. Earth, Catherine, i. 376.――William, ii. 34.――John and his daughter, iii. 159. William 145, 159 ―――― of Gear, i. 364 Davis, Christopher, i. 141, 144 bis. Henry 144. John 292. Arms 144.――Mr. and Dr. late of Plymouth, ii. 111. John 352.――Rev. John, iii. 351 Davis’s British Lexicon, i. 120 Davy, Sir Humphrey, i. 385――ii. 218――iii. 48, 94. Anecdote of 94. His life by Dr. Paris 95.――His grandfather, an architect, ii. 32. Rev. C. W. 270.――Family, iii. 48, 94 ―――― of St. Cuthbert, Mr. and Mrs. and family, iii. 317 Dawnay of Cowick, Yorksh., Sir John, and arms, iii. 438 Dawney of Sheviock, Emelyn, i. 63, 64 bis. Sir John 63.――Emelyn, iii. 436, 437, 438. Henry 438. John 437. Sir John 436. Nicholas 437, 438 ter., 439. William 437. Mr. built the church, and Mrs. the barn 439. Family 436 bis, 439. Arms 437 Dawson, the Right Hon. G. R. iv. 143. J. R. Dean of St. Patrick’s, furnished the Editor with information 141, 143. Captain 31 Day of Judgment, Latin prize poem upon, ii. 154 ―――― John and Peter, i. 216.――Dorothy, iii. 145, 159. John 159. Rev. John of Little Petherick 334. Peter 145 ―――― of Tresuggan, i. 225 Daye, i. 298 Dayman, Rev. Charles, i. 343――ii. 233 ―――― of Flexbury, Rev. Charles, iii. 351. John 353. Family 351 Dead, custom of saluting, i. 183 Deadman Point, ii. 106, 113, 115. Its Geology 115 Dean, rural, oath of, ii. 307 ―――― General, and his death, ii. 26 Deane’s Essay on Dracontia, i. 141 Decumani, i. 234 Deer park, ii. 402 Deerso river, its source, iv. 237 Defoe’s Tour through Great Britain, ii. 346 Degembris manor, iii. 269 Degemue in Kerrier, iii. 422 bis Delabole quarry, i. 118. Slate 343 Delahay, i. 262 De la Mare, Peter, iv. 28 Delcoath, i. 128, 165 bis. Delian, St. history of, i. 382 ―――― collegiate church, i. 328 Dell, Rev. Henry, of Ruan Lanyhorne, iii. 403, 405. Rev. John ditto 403 Delphic oracle, iii. 162 Delves, Sir Bryant Broughton, iii. 9 Delyan, St. Landaff cathedral dedicated to, ii. 65 Democracy vindicated, ii. 77 Denham, Judge, iii. 144. Miss 191. Heir of the family 140 Denham’s town, iii. 361 Denis, Great and Little, i. 39 ―――― St. i. 386, 392 ―――― St. abbey, near Paris, ii. 169 ―――― St. church, iii. 198 DENIS, ST. parish by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, ancient name, land tax, patron, incumbent, i. 308. Saint’s history, ib. Church 309. Robert Dunkin, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 310 Denmark, George Prince of, called George Drinkall, ii. 15 Dennis family, ii. 313――iii. 23. Rev. Mr. 171 ―――― of Leskeard, i. 143. Edward 320. George, ib. ―――― of Orleigh, i. 171 ―――― of Trembath, Alexander, his character, and Miss, iii. 33 ―――― St. name explained, iv. 313 ―――― chapel, iii. 453 ―――― parish, i. 212, 227, 341――iii. 58, 180, 207, 391, 395, 402, 448 bis, 450 ter., 453 ―――― rectory, i. 72 Dennis, St. vicarage, iii. 448, 451, 453 ―――― in Branwell, iii. 202 Dennithorne, Nicholas, ii. 402 Densill, account of, iii. 147 ―――― barrow, iii. 147 ―――― Alice and John, iii. 133 ―――― of Densill, Alice, and Anne, iii. 147. John 147 bis. Serjeant John ibid. Thomas, and family 147 ―――― of Philley, Devon, Rich. iii. 148 Derby, lofty tower at, iii. 363 Despatch transport, lost returning from Spain, ii. 325 Devereux, Robert, Earl of Essex, iv. 185 Devil’s coyts, i. 220 Devon county, i. 113, 168, 170, 327, 334, 342――ii. 19, 71 bis, 77, 109, 110 bis, 115, 122, 137, 149, 177, 293, 340, 413, 415, 417――iii. 56, 254 bis, 256, 279, 336――iv. 39 bis, 40 bis, 125.――Part of, iii. 457.――Insurgents enter, i. 86.――Romantic scenery of, and dunstone prevalent in, ii. 88. Perkin Warbeck marched into 188. Cornish rebels enter 195. Made prisoners in 197. Blessing proclaimed in all its churches for the builders of Bideford bridge, to which most families of note contributed 341. Donne’s map of 221. Granite in, iii. 432. Divided from Cornwall 104. Lord Clinton removed to 230. Werrington parish in 460.――Many gentlemen’s sons of, educated at Wike St. Mary, iv. 134. Charles 1st marched through 185 ―――― bishops of, iii. 415 ―――― member of parliament for, Sir T. D. Ackland, iii. 271 ―――― sheriffs of, ii. 43, 130 bis, 196, 341 bis.――Thomas Arundell, iii. 141. John Cheyney 116.――William, John, and John de Cheyney, iv. 43.――James Chudleigh, ii. 189.――Sir John Damerell, iii. 60. Stephen Durneford 101, 141. Sir Peers, Peter, and Sir Rich. Edgecumbe 103. Sir Richard Edgecumbe 101, 103. Richard Hals and William Wadham 116 ―――― Earl of, iii. 350, 438 bis――A faggot belonging to, ii. 410.――Ordgar, iii. 384, 460; and Elphrida his Countess, iv. 6.――Ordulf, iii. 385. Courtenay, Edward Hugh 10th, i. 63.――Edward 11th, and Edward 12th, iii. 436.――Edward 12th, or the blind, Edward 13th.――Edward 16th, i. 64.――Edward 16th, ii. 189.――William 17th, Edward 18th.――Thomas, i. 64――iii. 350 bis Devonport, i. 266 Devynock, i. 172 Dewen of Marazion, Alice, iii. 54 Dewer, Captain, ii. 219 Deweston, ii. 430 Dewin, Mr. ii. 83 De Witt’s engagement with Blake, ii. 25 Deza, Donna Giovanna, i. 311 Diamond, history of the Pitt, i. 68. Weight, drawing of it, worn by the Kings of France in their hat, stolen at the Revolution, but recovered, placed by Napoleon between the teeth of a crocodile in the handle of his sword 69 Diana, shrine makers of, ii. 53 Dictionnaire Historique, i. 111 Dictionary, first Latin and English, written by Sir Thomas Elliot, ii. 66 ―――― Holwell’s Mythological, Etymological and Historical, iii. 171 Digby, Col. iv. 186. Lord, combat of his troop with Straughans ibid. Dilic, St. i. 2 Dillington, Dorothy, iii. 346 Dillon, Rev. Robert, ii. 123 Dinah’s cave, iii. 282 Dinam, Geoffrey de, ii. 415 bis Dinant, Oliver de, i. 168 bis, 170 Dinas, Little, promontory and fortification, its siege, i. 40 Dingle, Miss, iii. 65 Dinham bridge, i. 168 ―――― family, i. 349. Charles 170. John quin. and Josce 168. Lady Elizabeth 170. Galfred de 168. Jane Lady Zouch, Joan Lady Arundell and Elizabeth Lady FitzWarren 170 bis. Margaret Lady Carew 170 and 171. Arms 170.――Lanhearn descended lineally from, iii. 150.――William, iv. 45. Family 62 ――――’s land, iii. 41 Dinnavall quarry, iv. 45 Dinsull, ii. 172 Dioclesian, Emperor, i. 52. His fortune told by a Druid 192.――St. Alban martyred under, ii. 64 Diodorus Siculus, ii. 4, 20 Dion, ii. 162 Diosma ericoides, iv. 183 Diploma of D. C. L. from Oxford University, iii. 50 Dirford castle, iv. 228 Disne, Le, river, ii. 64 D’Israeli, ii. 78. His Commentaries, his Eliot, Hampden, and Pym 78 Dissenters, their contest with the establishment for Proselytism, ii. 133 Divine Legation, iii. 69 Divinity, James’s introduction to, iii. 155 Dix, Rev. E. of Truro, iv. 92 Dobbins, Mr. iii. 162 Doble, John, iii. 185 Dock, iv. 33 Doddridge’s History, iii. 28.――Of the Duchy of Cornwall, ii. 404.――Of Wales and Cornwall, (Sir John,) iv. 8 Dodman point, ii. 330 Dodson, Robert, iii. 358.――Family, i. 221 ―――― of Hay, i. 411. Arms 412 ―――― of London, i. 412 Dogherty family, ii. 362 Doidge, Rev. Mr. of Tallant, iv. 23 Dolben, Mr. iii. 17.――Mr. Justice, appointed to Cornwall, his administration of the law a happiness to the county, ii. 52. Petition to Charles II. against him 53. His name struck off the commission 54 Dole abbey, in Franche Comté, iii. 281 ―――― Sampson, Archbishop of, iii. 336 Dolichos lignosus, iv. 181 Domesday, ii. 379 ―――― Book, ii. 51, 70, 169, 175, 259, 299, 315, 319, 384――iii. 22, 27, 44, 46, 64, 74, 78, 101, 110, 111, 114, 117, 118, 124, 127, 139, 143, 161, 163, 169, 175, 182, 190, 195, 196, 198, 237, 261, 276, 291 bis, 345, 349, 352, 365, 391, 393, 400, 402, 421, 422, 441, 451, 456, 461――iv. 1, 6, 12, 15, 19, 20, 39, 43, 48, 50, 52, 61, 63, 66, 67, 68, 70, 81, 93 bis, 94, 96, 99, 102, 110, 115, 117, 118 bis, 124, 128, 137, 139, 153, 155, 160, 161 Domesday Roll, ii. 48, 62, 86, 92, 94, 106, 151, 155, 226, 253, 320――iv. 184 ―――― Survey, iv. 62, 93 ―――― Tax, ii. 36, 50, 59, 80, 129, 141, 145, 229, 232, 251, 257, 273, 275, 291, 315, 332, 335, 340 Dominica, St. i. 315 Dominican abbey, Dublin, iv. 147 ―――― chapel and friary at Truro, iv. 73 ―――― friars, iv. 73. Walter de Exeter said to be one 111 Dominicans, i. 176, 312. See Friars Dominick, St. i. 175 bis. De Gusman 310, 315. His history 311 ―――― St. parish, i. 151, 153――ii. 309, 364, 375――iii. 161, 167, 345 DOMINICK, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, saint’s history, i. 311. Dominican friars 312. Halton ibid. By Tonkin, Crockaddon 313. Pentilly 314. Halton, the Saint, a Female 315. By the Editor, Francis Rous, Charles Fitz-Geoffrey, Sir James Tillie 315. New mansion at Pentilly, statistics, rector, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 316 Domitian, i. 198――iv. 165, 167 Doncaster, John, ii. 189 Doniert, i. 178, 179 bis, 180 ter., 182 bis, 195 ter. Donne, Benjamin, ii. 221 ――――’s Map of Devonshire, ii. 221 Donneny manor, iv. 127 Donnithorne, i. 8 Dorchester, St. Berimus, Bishop of, ii. 60 ―――― Oxon, i. 407 Dorset, i. 334 ―――― county, H. Bankes, M.P. for, iii. 221 ―――― Thomas Grey, Duke of, iii. 294 ―――― Thomas Grey, Marquis of, iii. 350 Dosmeny pool, i. 178, 189.――By Leland, iv. 285 Dotson of Roskymer, Henry, iii. 324 bis, 325. John 325 bis Douay college, iii. 143 bis Dovenot, i. 168 Dover castle, ii. 10 ―――― town, ii. 10, 76――iii. 10.――A cinque port, ii. 38. Enlarged and made a packet station 45.――Change of its name, iii. 29. High water at 98 Dower park, account of, ii. 336 Doweringe, Rev. Mr. ii. 291 Down hills, ii. 121 Downes, Rev. Mr. i. 129.――Mr. ii. 119, 120 quat. Downevet borough, ii. 420 Dozmere, account of, and stories relating to, iii. 265. Etymology 266 Dracæna australis, iv. 181 Dracontia, Essay on, i. 141 Drake, Sir Francis, i. 315――ii. 21――iii. 460――iv. 86.――John, ii. 195.――Z. H. iii. 256 ――――’s island, iii. 108 Dranna point, ii. 331 Draper, i. 283 Drayns, East, manor of, in St. Neot and St. Cleere, iii. 359 Drayton’s Polyolbion, App. 8, iv. 293 to 308, and notes from 308 to 311 Drew, Mr. iv. 34.――Miss, i. 39 ――――’s Teignton, Devon, ii. 98 Drift, account of, iii. 427 Drillavale quarry, iv. 45 Drineck, ii. 260 Drinking at St. Colomb, i. 219 Drinkwater, Rev. Mr. i. 398 Drogo, iii. 33 Druid, female, prophesies Dioclesian’s elevation to the throne, i. 192 Druidical antiquities of the Scilly islands, iv. 175 ―――― basons, i. 185, 186 bis, 187, 190. A very large one 191 ―――― learning, iii. 52 ―――― monument, i. 196 ―――― residence, fine site for, i. 192 Druids, i. 183――iii. 49, 290, 385.――Etymology and account of, i. 192 Druis, Celtic, i. 192 Drummond, Lady, i. 313.――Sir Adam and his daughter, iii. 201. Sir William 200.――Sir William and his two daughters, iv. 156 Drus, British and Greek, i. 192 Dry tree, iii. 127, 138 Dublin, i. 295 ter.――iv. 146 ―――― cathedral, iv. 143 bis. Archbishops of 146. Michael de Tregury, Archbishop of 138. Taken prisoner at sea 146. Few records of the prelates and dignitaries 144 ―――― city and diocese, iv. 146 ―――― St. Patrick’s church at, iv. 138, 146 Dubritius, St. Bishop of Landaff, i. 382 Du Cange, ii. 369.――His Glossary, iii. 389 Duchy Exchequer, iv. 99. Leonard Lovice, receiver general 41 ―――― officers, negotiation of Helston with, ii. 164 Duckenfield, Captain, monument to, ii. 325 Duckworth, Admiral, iii. 440 Duddowe, i. 243 Dugdale, ii. 163, 344――iii. 111, 441――iv. 101.――His Baronage, ii. 91――iii. 27.――His Monasticon Anglicanum, i. 217, 300――ii. 62, 96, 208――iii. 78, 232, 332, 372, 446――iv. 6, 26, 100, 105.――His short view, &c. iii. 26. His Warwickshire 317 Dukas’s account of the Paleologi, ii. 368 Dulo parish, ii. 298, 391, 394.――Road to Hessenford from, iv. 30. Or Duloe, ii. 397――iii. 245, 253, 291, 302, 347 DULO parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, ancient state, value of benefice, i. 316. Patrons, incumbent, landtax, rector, story of a Rev. Mr. Forbes, new vicarage house 317. Death of Rev. Mr. Fincher, council against lay impropriation, Trewergy 318. Tremada, Westnorth 319. Trenant, Trewenn 320. By Tonkin, value of benefice, Trenant, ib. By Editor, etymology from Archbishop Usher, and Bond’s Sketches of East and West Looe, history of St. Theliaus, Treworgy, Trenant 321. Statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 322 Dundagell castle, i. 328, 329, 330 bis, 332. Account of 323 ―――― manor, i. 322――iv. 43 ―――― parish, i. 372, 404――ii. 259――iii. 81――iv. 20, 42, 66, 94 ―――― Robert de, i. 323 DUNDAGELL or TINTAGELL parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, manor, ancient name, i. 322. Value of benefice, patron, incumbent, landtax, market, fair, Trebennen, borough arms, court leet, representatives, family of Dundagell, castle 323. Consecrated well and chapel, Pendew, Porth Horne, rock arch over the sea 324. Lines on the castle, and on King Arthur 325. Arthur’s history, King Uter’s surname and arms, his victories 326. Love for Igerne 327. Merlin procures him admittance to her 330. Marries her, his death 332. Merlin’s prophecy of Arthur 333. Arthur’s victories over the Saxons 334, and Romans 335. Round Table, his arms 336. Death, and discovery of his tomb 337. Edward Third’s Knights of the Round Table 339. By Editor, remarks on Arthur and the castle 340. Impropriation of benefice, two other chapels 341. Print of Arthur by Caxton, statistics, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase. Kneighton’s Kieve 343 Dundee, ii. 66 Dunecheine, name for Dundagell, i. 322, 324 Dunechine, i. 342 Dungarvon, fishing nets introduced from, ii. 264 Dungeness, sea fight before, iii. 26 Dungerth, i. 182 ter. His monument 179 bis, 184 ter., 195. Inscription of 180. Vault under it 181. Inscription 180, 182 Dunheved church, iii. 458 Dunhevet castle, ii. 417, 427 ―――― town 417. Inhabitants drawn to Launceston 418 Dunkin, Robert, i. 310――iii. 83 Dunkirk, ii. 55――iv. 157 Dunmeer, i. 368 Dunscombe, Mr. iii. 125 Dunstan, St. iii. 415.――Wished to make St. Udith Queen, iv. 94 ―――― St. parish, London, iii. 251 Dunstanvill, i. 36 Dunstanville barons from Henry I. to Henry III. ii. 249. Barony conferred 249 ―――― Reginald de, ii. 239.――Earl of Cornwall, iv. 169.――Family, ii. 239 ―――― Lord de, i. 114, 137, 164.――ii. 23――iii. 239, 353, 386――iv. 107, 136, 154.――Godrevy, his property, ii. 150. Memoir of 243. Joined Lord North’s party 245. Headed the Cornish miners in defence of Plymouth, and created a baronet 246. French revolution 247. Created a peer, his connexion with the Plantagenets, and private character 249. Marriages and issue 250.――His marriage, iii. 230. His death, and public monument 389.――His edition of Carew, i. 241, 258, 341――ii. 45, 109, 120, 294, 394 bis, 398, 409, 419――iii. 28, 39, 79, 81, 91, 102, 150, 171, 179, 279, 287, 302, 388, 393――iv. 132 Dunster, Reginald de Mohun, Lord of, iii. 293 Dunstone prevalent in Cornwall and Devon, ii. 88 ―――― rock, iii. 256.――Rocks, ii. 234 Dunveth, i. 117 Duporth, iv. 104 Durant, family, iii. 270.――Family and heir, iv. 16 Dureford, monastery at, iii. 206 Durham county, i. 183, 289, 290 ―――― bishops of, Ralph Flambard, and William Carilepho, i. 290 ―――― bishopric, transferred from Lindisfarne, i. 290. Immunities curtailed and restored 291. Arms of 291 Durneford family, iii. 107 ―――― of Devon, Stephen and Miss, iii. 101, 102. Family 101 ―――― of Stonehouse, i. 347 Durnford, Stephen, iii. 374 Dutch fleet, engagements of with English, ii. 25, 26, 28 ―――― man of war, a fight with, ii. 41 ―――― ships driven into Falmouth harbour, ii. 6 ―――― squadron, iii. 287 ―――― war, ii. 27, 28, 42, 94, 267.――Wars, iii. 186 Duvaura dependens, iv. 181 ―――― undulata, iv. 181 Duverdier’s History of the Swiss Cantons, iii. 186 Dye, St. history of, ii. 131, 133 ―――― chapel of, ii. 131, 133 ―――― town of, ii. 131 Dynas castle, iv. 228 Dynham family, i. 167, 168 ter. John 169 bis. Lord 170.――Galfrid de, iv. 156

Eadbald, King of Kent, iii. 281 Eadnothus, bishop of Devon, iii. 415 ―――― brother of Alpsius, Duke of Devon and Cornwall, ii. 420 ―――― Bishop of Devon, iii. 415, 416 Eagle vicarage, ii. 363 ―――― white, Cornish for, i. 120 Earle, Mr. i. 296 EARME, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, antiquity, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land-tax, saint’s history, i. 393. Tregaza, Godolphin blowing house 394. The cat eating the dolphin 395. Truthan, Treworgan, Treworgan Vean, Innis 396. Trehane 397. By Tonkin, Cargaul, Jago family 397. Killigrew 398. Ennis, Polglace 399. Trevillon 400. By Editor, advowson, Mr. Wynne Pendarves 400. Polsew 402. Treworgan, Truthan, Killigrew, statistics 403. Geology by Dr. Boase 404 Earth, St. bridge, i. 360 ―――― St. church, i. 345, 377 ―――― parish, ii. 169――iii. 5, 46, 125 EARTH, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, ancient state, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, rector, land-tax, Trewinard, i. 344. Arrest of a member of parliament, murder by Mr. Trewinard 345. Fatal duel 346. Other murders by gentlemen, Trenhayle 347. Trelizike 348. Gurlyn 349. By Tonkin, name, Trewinard 349. Trelisick 350. By the Editor, name, church, monuments in it 351. Vicars 353. Curious story of Mr. Symonds 354. Glebe, vicarage house, churchyard, bridge widened by the Editor, adjoining parishes 355. Trewinnard 356. Improved by Mr. Hawkins, artificially supplied with a stream of water 358. Trelisick 359. Tredrea, Bosence, Roman intrenchments 360. Monuments of the Davies family 361. Perthcolumb Gear, Tregethes, copper mill at Trewinnard 364. Genlyn, Treloweth, tin smelting house there, Lamb tin 365. Statistics, feast, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase, school 366 East Angles, Sigebert King of, ii. 284 East, hundred, i. 151, 153, 377――ii. 226, 229, 250, 361, 363, 364, 377, 417――iii. 1, 37, 40, 41, 43, 101, 161, 167, 335, 345, 371, 374, 436, 437 bis, 456, 457, 461――iv. 6, 7, 50, 59 bis, 63 bis, 68, 69, 376 ―――― India Company, ii. 227 ―――― Indies, ii. 100 ―――― Saxons, Sebert King of, ii. 284 ―――― St. pool, ii. 281 Eastbourne, Sussex, iii. 33 Eastcot village, iii. 255 Eastwellshire hundred, i. 310, 409――ii. 59, 309.――Etymology, i. 32 Eata, St. bishop of Lindisfarne or Hexham, history of his see, iv. 42. His death 43 Eath, St. parish, ii. 332 Eaton, Rev. D. iii. 463, 464 Ebbingford, Thomas de Waunford, Lord of, iv. 13 ―――― or Efford manor, account of, iv. 16. By Leland 258 Ebchester, i. 183 Ebiorite heresy, iii. 59 Ecclesiastical courts, iii. 155 Ecclesis Gwenwan, i. 321 Echard, ii. 78 Echium grandiflora, iv. 182 ―――― nervosum, iv. 182 Eddystone lighthouse, its situation, iii. 375. History of the first 376. Of the second, fire, accident from the burning lead 377. History and description of the present 378 ―――― rocks, iii. 376 Edeston island, iv. 238 Edgar, King, iv. 93, 97 Edgecombe of Cuttvyle, Sir Pierce, and Hon. Richard, iii. 374. Family 375 Edgecumbe, Hon. Richard, i. 417. Sir Richard 153, 154, 417, 418. William 154.――Peter, ii. 189. Peter sheriff of Devon 235. Sir Peter 187. Sir Richard 100, 108 bis, 115 bis, 187. Sir Henry Bodrigan’s defence against 115.――Hon. Richard, iii. 374. Sir Richard 394. Roger 358. Miss 199. Mr. 107.――Hon. Richard, iv. 75.――Family, i. 154 ter., 157, 421――ii. 362, 393――iii. 190 bis, 203――iv. 71, 136 bis, 143, 158. Arms 72 ―――― of Bodrigan, Richard, ii. 114 ―――― of Mount Edgecumbe, Sir Richard, ii. 114.――Sir Peers, iii. 102, 103. Peter 101, 103 bis, 104. Sir Peter 104. Sir Piers Lord of Cotehele and of East Stonehouse 101. Richard, Richard, Richard, Richard 104. Sir Richard 102, 103, 104. Sir Richard favoured Henry the 7th’s pretensions 101. His narrow escape and subsequent reward 102. Built a chapel and was sheriff 103. His struggle with Bodrigan for plunder 204. On the winning side at Bosworth 204. Family 101, 194. History in Carew 104. Arms 103 Edinburgh, iii. 94 Editha, St. her early death, self denial, legend of, her mother Abbess of Wilton, iv. 96 Editor, ii. 83, 99, 100. A descendant and heir at law of Attorney-general Noye 339. M.P. for Helston 160, 164. On poor law committee 159. Remembers an English fleet of 40 sail pursued up the Channel by an enemy of nearly double 247. Remembers a cloister at St. Bennet’s 387. Has seen an original receipt of a fine for non-attendance at the Coronation of James I. 269. Has heard traditionary accounts of the plague 271. Is indebted to the Rev. J. Smythe for admission to Pembroke College 287. Character he has heard of Mr. Knile 267. Mr. K.’s monument stands on his land 268. His remembrance of Mr. Pitt 154. His memoir of and friendship for Lord de Dunstanville 243, and feelings in writing of him 249. His inquiries on the subject of the vessel driven from Charlestown to St. Ives 268. His remarks on the superstition, monastic institutions, and devastations of the 16th century 425.――The heir of Humphrey Noye, iii. 151. His education 96. His age 273. His connexion with Sir Humphrey Davy 94. Introduced him to Dr. Beddoes 251. Raised a subscription for replacing the rocks at Trereen Dinas, and Lanyon Cromlech 32. Has printed Keigwin’s translations 288. Remembers Sarah Coat, who lived to the age of a hundred and four 460. Possesses the manor of Lamellin 20. An old receipt 6. A MS. of Noye’s 154, and his picture of which he has presented a copy to Exeter College 156. Has also the marriage contract of Humphrey Noye ibid. and a letter of Mr. J. Trevanion’s 204. Found the form of oath for rural deans 307. His visit to Mr. Walker 4. His remarks upon Dr. Borlase 49. Upon the Book of Job 69, and on Hugh Peters 71. His character of Penzance corporation 92. Remarks on the method of making signals 106. On Plymouth breakwater 108. On monasticism, popish mummeries 122, 262, 301, 332, 399, 401. On the succession of animal and vegetable life 174. On the motives of civil wars 203. On etymologies 206. On representation 272. On old age 273. On the Lionesse country 331. On Elizabeth’s laws against papists, and on the reigns of the Tudors 370. On the purchase of advowsons by a society 400. On Hals’s specimen of Homer 420. His character and biography of Mr. Whitaker 406.――Possesses a manor in Towednack parish, iv. 54. Purchased Trereen Dinas 166. His remarks on the alteration of ancient gothic churches, and its cause 103.――His mother and residence, i. 360.――His grandfather, ii. 34. And great-grandfather 146, 160 Edles in Kenwen, iv. 73 ―――― manor, ii. 315. Account of ibid. Edmonds, Everard, iv. 77 Edmondsbury, St. i. 338 Edmund Earl of Cornwall, iv. 4 bis ―――― Ironside, i. 211 ―――― saint and king, i. 407 bis ――――’s, St. chapel, iii. 317, 318 Edmunds, Henry, ii. 30 Edulphus bishop of Exeter, ii. 7 Edward the elder, king, i. 407――iii. 1, 416 ―――― the martyr, king, his death, iv. 94 ―――― the confessor, king, i. 25――ii. 38, 61, 73, 174, 177, 205 bis, 208, 214――iii. 130, 365, 416. Saint 363――iv. 155.――Built St. Michael’s church, ii. 202. His charter to it 208. Translated 209. Placed a priory of benedictine monks there 208 Edward 1st, king, ii. 38, 89, 155, 313, iii. 361 bis, 384, 394, 409, 412, 414, bis, 15, 26, 44, 56 bis, 101, 111, 112, 116, 129, 132, 165, 214, 230, 245, 254, 257, 261, 277, 284, 291 bis, 334, 336, 339, 345, 347, 349, 352, 354, 372, 374 bis, 384, 389, 396, 398, 403, 405 bis, 437, 438, 442, 449, 457――iv. 7, 15 bis, 23, 24, 43 bis, 44, 62, 66, 67, 76, 83, 84, 95, 96 bis, 102, 112 bis, 118, 119, 128, 129, 139, 140, 153 bis, 157 bis, 162 bis.――Frequented Helston, ii. 156 ―――― 2nd, ii. 6, 38, 363, 409, 410――iii. 26, 129, 165, 211, 316, 405 ter.――iv. 3, 96 ―――― 3rd, ii. 4, 6, 38 bis, 45, 120, 146, 155, 176, 177, 209, 302, 316, 336, 341, 409――iii. 15, 27, 56, 60, 65, 79, 115, 129, 130, 133 bis, 140, 199, 200, 212, 270, 316, 323, 372, 381, 405――iv. 6 bis, 8, 13, 21 bis, 43, 101, 103, 139, 156, 171 ―――― 4th, ii. 108 bis, 182 quin., 183, 185, 186, 188, 191, 209, 251, 254, 260, 341 bis――iii. 116, 141, 147, 168, 211, 247, 270, 274――iv. 13, 22 bis, 43 bis, 161.――His commission to punish the Foy pirates, ii. 41 ―――― 6th, ii. 72, 196, 197, 198, 326, 335, 386, 404, 414――iii. 170, 208, 268――iv. 135 ―――― the Black Prince, iii. 27――iv. 4, 8. The first duke of Cornwall, won his plume at Cressy 72 Edwards, John, i. 364, 365.――John, iii. 342. Notice of 340. Joseph 341. Mr. 196. Family, curious tenure of 178 Edwardsia grandiflora, iv. 182 ―――― microphylla, iv. 182 Edwyn, King of Northumbria, iii. 284. His death ibid. Efford, iii. 270.――Near Stratton, ii. 184.――Sir J. Arundell removed from, iii. 274 Egbert, King, iii. 322 Egbright, the 13th King of England or the West Saxons, ii. 310.――His victory, iv. 6 Egerton, Lord, ii. 9 Egeus, Pro-consul of Rome in Achaia, commanded the crucifixion of St. Andrew, iv. 101 Egid, St. ii. 430 Eglesderry in Kerrier, iii. 442 ter. Egleshale parish, ii. 340 Egleshayle church, i. 75, 372. Tower 374 ―――― of Egleshayle, Matthew, and arms, i. 374 ―――― parish, i. 234, 351, 372――ii. 151, 332――iii. 64, 74, 237. Living of 301 EGLESHAYLE parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, ancient state, patron, incumbent, rector, value of benefice, land tax, founder, park, i. 367. Peverell’s crosses, Prior’s cross, Cornish proverb, Pencarrow 368. Camp in Pencarrow-park 369. Kestell 370. Rudavy Croan 371. Epitaph, Tregleah castle, Killy Biry, Ward bridge 372. Piers laid on woolpacks 373. Church tower built 374. By Tonkin, Pencarrow ibid. Padstow harbour, Croan 376. By the Editor, Wade bridge, Pendavy 376. Crowan, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase, vicar 377 ―――― Thomas Longbound, vicar of, i. 373. Vicarage 130 EGLESKERRY parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, i. 377. Impropriation, ancient state, manor of Penheale, mathematical school at Looe 378. Trelynike 379. By Tonkin, saint, small-pox ibid. By Editor, proprietors of Penheale 380. Statistics, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase 381 Egles Merthyr barton, iii. 180. Tenement 209 Eglesros or Egles Ross parish, ii. 275――iii. 402 Eglos Crock church, ii. 256 Egloskerry parish, i. 197, 381――ii. 377, 399, 430――iii. 38, 457, 461――iv. 50, 51, 59, 60 quat., 63 bis, 64, 68, 69 Egypt, iii. 187.――The Saracens in possession of, ii. 37. Deserts of 279 Eldon, Lord Chancellor, iii. 253, 290, 351 Eleanor, Queen, i. 339 Eledred, St. i. 200 Elementa Logicæ, ii. 33 Elerchy manor, ii. 50――iii. 404――iv. 116 bis. House 118, 121 Elerci, several places in Gallia so called, iv. 116 Elercky parish, iv. 116, 118 quater. Etymology 118 Elerky and Ruan Lanyhorne in Ruan and St. Veryan, ii. 359.――Manors, iii. 406 ―――― mills, iv. 119 Elford, Miss, iii. 66.――Family, i. 347, 387――ii. 293, 427 ―――― of Roach and St. Dennis, iv. 161 bis Eliot, Mr. i. 321.――Edward Craggs, ii. 75. Rev. John 354. Sir John 77 quin., 78 quat. Richard 75. Sir Richard 71. Sir Thomas 66, 71. Walter 71. Lord 78, 86. Family 66, 252. Its origin 66.――John, and Sir John the celebrated patriot, iii. 39, 337. Rev. Robert, fifty years rector of Pillaton 346.――Family, iv. 12, 127 ―――― of Berks, ii. 66 ―――― of Cambridgeshire, ii. 66 ―――― of Devon, ii. 66 ―――― of Port Eliot, John, i. 379.――Daniel, ii. 71. Edward 70, 71, 72, 77. John 71. Sir John 66, 70, 71 bis. Katharine and Nicholas 71. Richard 70 bis, 71.――Lord Eliot, iii. 39. William his son 39, 337 Elizabeth, popular abbreviation of, iv. 120 ―――― daughter of King Edward 1st, i. 63 ―――― Queen, i. 344――ii. 6, 7 bis, 44 bis, 56, 66, 68, 69 bis, 213, 215, 227, 233, 293, 314, 341 bis, 342, 344, 414――iii. 8, 16, 20, 67, 103 bis, 104, 105, 119, 134, 199 bis, 212, 234, 242, 287, 293, 294, 311, 317 bis, 318, 325 quater, 357, 358 bis, 360, 369, 370, 445, 463 bis――iv. 20, 41, 107, 172. Gave a charter to Truro 73 ―――― Princess, iii. 27 Ellery of St. Colomb Major, marshal of Lydford castle, iii. 184 Ellett, i. 274. John 272 Elliot, ii. 232 Elliott, Mrs. sister of Ralph Allen, Esq. i. 58. Rev. St. John 12.――Miss, ii. 33.――Miss, niece of Mr. Allen of Bath, iv. 89 Ellis, George, i. 271, 275.――John, iii. 429. Pascoe 83. Arms 429, 432. Family monuments 432 ―――― of Bray, John, ii. 282 ―――― of Tregethes, i. 364 Elmsworthy, account of, ii. 347 Elphrida, Countess of Devon, iv. 6 Elvan courses, i. 159――iv. 5 Ely, Francis Turner, Bishop of, one of the seven, iii. 299 Emelianus, i. 197 Emendationes in Suidam, ii. 265 Enador parish, iii. 267 Enchanted Lovers, a pastoral, iv. 97 Endelient, i. 1 Endellion or St. Endellyan parish, ii. 332, 340――iii. 179, 237, 241――iv. 44, 47 Eneas, i. 153 ENEDELLYAN, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, antiquity, stunt, his history, i. 382. Value of benefice, Roscurok, Trefreke, Tresongar, Pennant, Cheny 383. By Tonkin, Roscarrake, Trefreke 384. By Editor, Port Isaac, church, rectory, and prebends 384. Church, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 385 Enedor, St. parish, i. 209, 212――ii. 353, 355, 356――iv. 20, 140 Enedor-Bosithney borough, iii. 81 England, ii. 373, 407――iii. 450――iv. 172.――Miserable state of, ii. 375. French invasion of 40. Peace of France and Holland with 43. Tobacco sold cheap in 43. St. Mellitus preached in 288. Some Paleologi may still be living in 369. Theodore’s settlement in 370, 372, 373. Duke of Bracciano came to 371. Greek language fashionable in 373.――its water communication interrupted by chalk hills, iii. 10. First impropriation of benefices in 114. St. Sennan, the most westerly point in 431.――Copyholds in, iv. 54. Lands in, given to foreign monasteries 99. Wars between France and 144. St. Dunstan wished to make St. Udith queen of 94 ―――― crown of, iv. 145 ―――― King of, ii. 146――iv. 7 ―――― kings of, ii. 259, 422――iii. 168, 442――iv. 6.――Their eldest son to be Duke of Cornwall for ever, ii. 422.――Arms, iv. 71 ―――― and France, Perkin Warbeck proclaimed King of, ii. 188 English channel, ii. 358, 398, 409 ―――― crown, iii. 451, 452 ―――― Etymological Dictionary, iii. 148 ―――― fleet encounters the Dutch, ii. 25. Refuses quarter, and defeats the enemy 26. Forced into Falmouth harbour ibid. Dismissed without pay 29. Detained at home 246. Cruizing while combined fleets were in Falmouth sound 246 ―――― language, iv. 126. Life of Guy, Earl of Warwick, in old 113 ―――― men, iv. 99. On one side of Tamar 40. Fought against the Turks, ii. 371 ―――― romance, ii. 214 ―――― squadron captured Cadiz, iii. 287 ―――― wars, iv. 75 Enmour, island of, iv. 171 Ennis, account of, i. 399――ii. 218 Enny, St. chapel, and probably well, iii. 426 Ennys, Samuel, iii. 327 Enodoc, St. iii. 240 Enodor, St. iii. 268 ―――― parish, i. 160――ii. 270 ENODOR, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient state, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, rector, saint, his advice to Augustus, Carvinike, i. 386. Pencoll, Gourounsan, Trewheler, flatness of the country, fall of the church tower, mines, two rivers 387. By Tonkin, hundred, history of St. Athenodorus, Summercourt, Penhele, and Fraddon villages, fairs, Michel village 388. Members of parliament, borough system, Reform Bill 389. Illustrious representatives of Michell, right of voting 390. Reform election, Pencoose, Trewhele, Treweere 391. Gomronson, Boswallow, Michell manor, statistics, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase 392 Ensham, abbot of, i. 233 Ensleigh cottage, i. 26 Entrenchment, Roman, at Bosence, i. 360 Eny water, ii. 427 bis Enys, ii. 93 ―――― John, ii. 97. Samuel 31, 97, 100, 317. Family and etymology of name, by Tonkin 97 ―――― of Enys, John, ii. 93, 243. J. S. 57, 99, 243. Built a new house at Enys 100.――Mr. and his character, iii. 38. Family 332 Ephesus, ii. 53 Epigrams, Greek, anthology of, iv. 87 Epimachus, St. ii. 81 Epitaph of Richard Carew of Anthony, with observations upon it, Appendix XIV. iv. 378 Ercedekne, Sir John l’, iii. 373 Ercildowne, Thomas of, ii. 308 Ergan, St. i. 351 Erica ciliaris, iii. 230 ―――― vagans, iii. 173, 260――iv. 180 ―――― A multiflora, grows on all the uncultivated serpentine rock in Cornwall, ii. 331 Ericornus fragrans, iv. 182 ―――― punctata, iv. 181 Eriobotrya japonica, iv. 182 Eriocephalus africanus, iv. 182 Erisey barton, iii. 416.――Account of, ii. 116 ―――― Miss, i. 305.――Richard, ii. 6. Family 116, 117, 170, and arms 116.――De, George, iii. 417. James 419. Richard 383. Richard, story of 417. Miss 135, 417. Mr. anecdote of 418. Family 258, 416, 419. Arms 419 ―――― of Brickleigh, Devon, James, iii. 417 ―――― of Trethewoll, James, i. 408 Erisy, i. 125, 136 bis Erme, St. church, i. 402.――Monument to Dr. Cardew in, iv. 85 ―――― St. parish, i. 207――ii. 2, 93, 146, 353, 355, 356――iii. 354 ERNEY, ST. parish, part of Landrake, church still existing, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, etymology, Eagle vicarage, Lincolnshire, a daughter to Landrake. By Editor, Trelugan manor, Markwell, church entitled to service only once a month, ii. 363. Statistics, rector, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 364 Erroll, James Carr, Earl of, iii. 172 Erth, St. parish, i. 261, 417――ii. 80, 99, 100, 225.――By Leland, iv. 267――The vicar’s sister, iii. 310 Ervan, St. church, i. 74 ―――― St. parish, i. 409――ii. 256――iii. 334, 335 ERVAN, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, ancient state, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, i. 404. Trenbleigh, discovery of a sepulchral urn there, Treranall 405. By Tonkin, Treravall, Trenowith 406. By Editor, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 406 Ervyn, St. parish, i. 407――iii. 175, 179 Escallonia rubra, iv. 182 ―――― montividiensis, iv. 182 Escott, Thomas, iv. 37 Escudifer, a French family, i. 210 Ess family, ii. 153 Esse, Radolpho de, ii. 119 Essex county, Henry Marney, sheriff of, iii. 65 ―――― Earl of, i. 113 ter., 114.――The parliamentary general, ii. 277――iii. 20, 42, 73, 184――iv. 75.――Lord, ii. 411. Marched to relieve Plymouth, then into Cornwall, iv. 185. Hemmed in by the king’s troops, and obliged to retire alone 187. Followed by his principal officers 188. His army 186 Est Low, by Leland, iv. 279 Establishment, church, its contest with dissenters for proselytism, ii. 133 Estcot, Richard, ii. 423 Estwaye, ii. 429 Ethelbert, King of Kent, ii. 284――iii. 284 bis ―――― 2nd, King, i. 407 Ethelburga, Queen of Northumbria, iii. 284 bis Ethelfleda, wife of Earl Alric, iii. 263 Ethelfred, King of Northumberland, ii. 284 Ethelgar, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415 Ethelnodus, Archbishop, iv. 96 Ethelred, King, iii. 384――iv. 94 ―――― 2nd, King, ii. 61 ―――― King of the Mercians, history of, i. 200 bis ―――― King of the West Saxons, i. 240. Buried at Wimborne 200 Ethelwin, St. Bishop of, i. 290 Ethelwold, Bishop, reproved St. Udith, iv. 93 Ethelwulf, i. 240 Ethy, iv. 158 Eton college, ii. 149. First provost of, iii. 255 ―――― school, character of, ii. 243, 244 Eubates, i. 192 Eure river, Yorkshire, iv. 79 Eurex in Normandy, iv. 116 Europe, iii. 310. Tour of 87 Eury, St. ii. 272 Eusebius, his Chronicle, iv. 148 Evall, St. parish, i. 143, 404――iii. 139, 161, 175, 335 EVALL, St. parish by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, rector, land tax, saint, i. 407. Trethewoll 408. By Editor, statistics, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase 409 Evans of Landrini in Wales, iii. 187 Eve, i. 409 ―――― St. parish, ii. 309, 315――iii. 43, 195 EVE, St. parish by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, saint, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, ancient state, manor of Trebighe, knights hospitalers, i. 410. Trebigh 411. By Tonkin, Hay, name of parish, Trebigh, Bickton. By Editor, saint, church 412. Patron, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 413 Eve’s enchantment, ii. 102 Every, Rev. Nicholas of St. Veep, iv. 114. His death 115 Evyland manor, ii. 197 Ewald, St. son of Ethelbert the 2nd, his history, i. 407 Ewan, St. parish, iii. 18 Ewe, St. manor, i. 418 ―――― parish, ii. 105, 115――iii. 198, 202, 207, 451――iv. 117 EWE, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient state, value of benefice, i. 413. Patron, incumbent, land tax, name, saint, murder of St. Hugh by the Jews, consequent persecution of that people 414. Lanhadarn 415. Tregonan, Halliggon, Trevithick 416. Treluick, by Tonkin, patron, Pelsew, Trelisick, Precays 417. Tregonan, Treworick, St. Ewe manor, Lanewa 418. Heligon, Coran, Lanhedrar, Lower Lanhedrar, Trelean, Rosecorla, Trelewick, Tregian, Pensiquillis, Lithony, Borew 420. Tregenno, Levalra, Penstruan, church 421. Monuments, gentry removed, Tremayne family 422. Statistics 423. Rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 424 Ewny parish, ii. 258 bis, 284 ―――― St. chapel, ii. 284 Ewyn, i. 212 Ex river, i. 342 bis Excavation at Pendeen, ii. 284 Exceter Brygge, iv. 255 Exchequer, iv. 20 bis ―――― court, pleas of the crown in, iii. 442 ―――― records, iii. 139――iv. 138 ―――― rolls, iii. 140 Exeter assizes, ii. 293 ―――― bishop of, i. 15, 116, 135, 209, 231, 243, 250, 367, 377, 386, 387, 392, 396, 397, 407, 409――ii. 3, 6, 24, 50, 51 quin., 52, 54, 57, 61, 62, 70 bis, 92, 104, 106, 115, 116, 130, 141, 144, 203, 204, 258, 260, 265, 299, 302, 309, 315――iii. 1 quat., 5, 40, 60, 110, 111, 141, 175, 177, 179 bis, 180, 181, 210, 224, 231, 254, 257, 267, 268, 332, 354 bis, 370, 373 bis, 428, 441, 443――iv. 44, 47, 53, 116 bis, 152, 164 bis, 185.――His royalties proved, iii. 2.――William Brewer, his history, i. 130. Peter Courtenay 373. Peter Quiril 300. Walter 251.――Bartholomew, ii. 415. Edulphus 7. Frederick 58. Leofric 69, 203, 211, 212, 215. Walter 69. Gervase Babington 7. William Brewer 95. Walter Brounscomb 96. John Grandison 96, 341. Keppell 224. Peter Quiril 412. Dr. John Ross 224. Walter de Stapledon 143. John Voysey 195. Dr. Ward 4. William Warlewast 87.――William Brewar, iii. 182. William Buller 301. William Carey 4, 271. William Cotton 233. Peter Courtenay 181. Dr. Fox 141. John de Grandison 2. Hall 79. George Lavington 3. Dr. Redman 142. John Ross 300. Edmund Stafford 446. Sir Jonathan Trelawnny 295, 296, 297 bis. Robert Warlewast 456, 457. Stephen Weston 46. Thomas 2 bis. William 2.――Carey, iv. 166. Walter Brounscomb 2 ―――― bishops, consistory of, iii. 181 ―――― bishopric of, ii. 95, 113 ―――― canonry, iii. 460 ―――― canons of, iv. 66 bis――Rev. J. Grant, iii. 40. Rev. John Rogers 54, 77, 445. Nicholas 60 ―――― cathedral, i. 130――ii. 265, 341――iii. 182, 233, 258 bis, 309, 373 ―――― chancellor of, iii. 269.――Rev. John Penneck, ii. 217 ―――― church, i. 349――ii. 61――iii. 320, 363, 367 at, iii. 309 ―――― city, i. 59 bis, 88 bis, 284, 342 bis――ii. 76, 189, 190, 191, 224, 299――iii. 25, 96, 160, 364――iv. 184.――Insurrection in, i. 296.――Bishoprics of Cornwall and Kirton removed to, ii. 61, 69. Defence of against Perkin Warbeck 189. Cornish rebels march to 195. Siege of 196. Relieved 197. Rev. J. Smyth died at 286.――Reduced by Lord Berkeley, iv. 14. St. Boniface educated at 126. Isaac’s Memorials of 111.――Guildhall of, iii. 309. Members of parliament for, John Buller 249. Mr. Kekewitch 19. Charles Trevanion steward of 199 ―――― college, Oxford, ii. 71, 111, 116, 130, 141, 143, 144, 221, 224, 228, 233, 265, 281, 307, 355, 389――iii. 50, 51, 67, 84, 141, 152, 155 bis, 156, 167, 171 ter., 408――iv. 144, 145 ―――― dean of, Edward Trelawney, ii. 230 bis――John Arundell, iii. 141 ―――― dean and chapter of, i. 129, 236, 242, 344, 366――ii. 253, 256, 275――iii. 171, 177, 179, 257, 258, 313, 316, 332, 426 bis, 427――iv. 66, 67, 118, 121, 157, 159 ―――― deanery, i. 130 ―――― diocese, iii. 307.――Its registry, ii. 348――iii. 257, 316, 332 ―――― Domesday, iii. 353 ―――― Joseph de, i. 325, 326, 342 bis.――Walter de, iv. 111 ―――― market, i. 79 ―――― Marquis of, iv. 97.――Henry Courtenay, i. 64, 65――ii. 375 ―――― name, iii. 458 ―――― road from, i. 20 ―――― see of, i. 130, 231, 403――ii. 70――iii. 271, 456. Transferred there 415 Exmouth, i. 169 “Extent of Cornish acres,” iv. 7, 15, 24, 41, 67, 96, 112, 153, 162 ―――― of all the parishes in Cornwall from Mr. Hitchins’s measurement, Appendix I. iv. 177 Eyans of Eyanston, i. 142 Eynesbury, i. 99. Hunts, ii. 263

Fairfax, i. 44.――Sir Thomas 143――iv. 74 ―――― the parliamentary general, iii. 81. Hopton’s surrender to 189 Fairs, custom of displaying a glove, iii. 309 Fal, Fale, or Fall river, ii. 356――iii. 210, 361, 403, 404. Part of it stopped up 405――iv. 117 Falemuth, by Leland, iv. 288 Falgenne, ii. 1 Fall, James, i. 268 Falmouth borough, iii. 8. United with Penryn 99 ―――― district, i. 346 ―――― harbour, i. 26, 359――ii. 1, 24, 48, 275, 276 bis, 281 bis, 357――iii. 180, 189, 190, 207, 224, 231, 395, 404――iv. 70, 72, 75, 84.――Its breadth, extent, numerous arms and traffic, ii. 17. Description of 1. Pleasant country around and fine timber 2. Greeks fetched tin from 3, a hundred sail may lie at anchor in, without seeing each others maintops 3. Rhymes upon 3, 17. One of the best in the kingdom 16. Most advantageous station for packets, but inferior in accommodation for larger ships to Plymouth or Portsmouth 18. Extraordinary story of a boat driven from 320, 324.――Stone sent to London from, iii. 63 ―――― Lord, i. 20, 310――ii. 117. Buys Trelisick 33.――Viscount, iii. 215 bis, 217, 220.――Earl of, ii. 357――iii. 74, 189, 220, 221――iv. 5.――For six days only, John Robarts, ii. 379.――Lady, iv. 167 ―――― parish, i. 136――ii. 97. Rocks of St. Feock similar to those in 35 FALMOUTH parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, ii. 1. Dismembered from Budock 15th Charles Second, Sir Peter Killigrew having built a new church 3. Rectory, patron, first rector, church consecrated, incumbent, rector’s house and garden, pulpit cloth, manors and seats, Arwinike 4. Town 8. Pendennis castle 12. By Tonkin 15. Arwinick 17. By Editor, harbour, Fox family 18. Irregular trade with Lisbon 19. Known to the ancients, various names ascribed, British name Smithike, story of Pennycumquick, church dedicated to King Charles 20. Town extended northward, new houses convenient, beautiful villas, sends in conjunction with Penryn two members to parliament, statistics, present rector 23. Geology by Dr. Boase 24 Falmouth river, iii. 405 ―――― town, ii. 17――iii. 16, 96, 121, 189, 228, 305――iv. 72, 229.――Incorporated by Charles Second, contained only five houses within the memory of persons living, new name first recorded when it had increased to five or six hundred, opposition to John Killigrew building the town, ii. 8. Memorial to the king, referred to Sir Nicholas Hals, his answer and reasons 9. King approved the project, Mr. Killigrew continued his buildings, inhabitants enriched, market 10. Chief inhabitants, custom house officers, gave the title of earl to Charles Lord Berkeley, of viscount to George Fitzroy, son of Charles the Second, and to Hugh Boscawen, of Tregothnan 11. Fortunes made by irregular commerce 19. Road to 104. From London 344. Road to Marazion from 215.――Passage to Truro from, iii. 226. Road from Helston to 63. From Truro 304.――Has the same mayor as Truro, iv. 77, 84. Has more inhabitants than Truro 85 Fanhope, Lord, iii. 27 Fann, i. 172 Fanshaw of Basill, Robert, i. 201 FARABURY parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, ancient name, ii. 48. Value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax 49. By Tonkin, patron and incumbent ibid. By Editor, smallest parish in Cornwall, consolidation of benefice, situation of church, name, statistics ibid. Geology by Dr. Boase 50 Farnabie, Thomas, his origin, parentage and history, iv. 86. A royalist, monument to in Sevenoak’s church, his works, Boyle’s character of him, dedicated his Horace to Prince Henry, and favorably received by him 87. Thomas, of London, carpenter, his father, and the mayor of Truro his grandfather 86 Farnham, Nicholas de, i. 290.――Mr. iii. 236 Farrabury parish, iii. 232, 236 Fast, ii. 82 Fasti, iii. 297 Fatal Curiosity, a tragedy, ii. 102 Fatwork Mine, i. 227, 230 Faustine, i. 206 Fawey, by Leland, iv. 276 Fayrer, Rev. Joseph, iv. 47 Felicia, Wife of Guy, Earl of Warwick, iv. 114 Felicitas, Sancta, iii. 339 Fenterwarson, village, ii. 405 Fenton, ii. 1 ―――― Berran, iii. 322 ―――― East and West, i. 199 Fenton Gymps of Fenton Gymps, Joan, iii. 324 bis. John, John, John, John 323. John 324 bis. Ralph 323. Family 323 ―――― Gymps manor, iii. 323, 324. Account of 322 ―――― Gymps Veor, iii. 322, 324 bis ―――― Gymps Vyan, iii. 324 ter. ―――― Vease, iii. 319 Fentongellan, i. 116 Fentongimps, i. 243 Fentongollan family, iii. 208, 209 ―――― manor, iii. 182, 189, 208, 212 bis, 215, 221, 464. Account of by Hals 209. By Tonkin 210. By Lysons 214. House 221. Gone 212. Hals’s description lengthy 213 Fentonwoon, account of, ii. 405 Fentrigan, or Ventrigan Manor, iv. 127 ―――― downs, races at, iii. 35 Feock parish, ii. 280, 298, 309――iii. 170, 306――iv. 90 ―――― St. ii. 24. His wife and children 25 FEOCK, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, ancient name, value of benefice, patronage, incumbent, land-tax, the saint, his figure in the church window, ii. 24. Dwelling of Captain Penrose, his history 25. Tregew 30. Cornish tongue spoken there till 1640, administration of the sacrament in Cornish 31. Lanyon’s alms-houses 32. By Tonkin ibid. By Editor, Trelisick ibid. Killiganoon 34. Feock Downs, Come to Good, statistics and Geology 35 Feock’s, St. by Leland, iv. 272 Ferabery, Feraberry or Ferabury, iv. 66, 68 Ferint ab Erbyn, ii. 50 Ferrar, i. 199 Ferrers, William de, iii. 165. Mr. 134.――Family, i. 151――ii. 313――iv. 47, 137. De 258. Arms 134 ―――― of Newton Ferrers, Devon, arms, iii. 134 ―――― of Tutbury castle, Staffordshire, family and arms, iii. 134 ―――― Earl, Henry and Wakelyn, ii. 89 Festing, Rev. C. G. R. of Paul, iii. 290 Feversham church, iii. 114 Fielding, i. 57 Figtree, in Gwithian churchyard, ii. 150 Filley parish, ii. 281, 357――iii. 416 Finch family, ii. 67.――Judge, iii. 144 Fincher, Rev. Mr. of Dulo, i. 317 bis, 318 bis.――Rev. Mr. of Veryan, iv. 118 Finisterre, Cape, iii. 218 Firbisse, Dudley, iv. 146 Fish, habits of, ii. 265 Fishal bay, i. 236 Fisheries, St. Ives famous for, iii. 261. Especially for pilchards, ib. Fitz, ii. 71 ―――― of Fitzford, i. 347.――Near Tavistock, Sir John, iv. 41 Fitz-Geoffrey, Charles, i. 315 Fitzgerald, Lady Anne, and Charles Earl of Kildare, i. 297. Earls of Kildare 34 Fitzhamon, Robert, Earl of Carbill in Normandy, ii. 344 Fitz-Harry, Reginald, i. 203. Earl of Cornwall 296, 36――iii. 456, 463 Fitz-John, Margaret and Richard, iii. 149 Fitz-Roy, George, Viscount Falmouth, and Earl of Northumberland, and his arms, ii. 11.――Reginald, Earl of Cornwall, iv. 82 ter., 84 ter. A charter from 83 Fitz Walter, i. 170――ii. 292 Fitz Warren family, ii. 415 ―――― Warren, Foulk Bourchier, Lord, i. 170 Fitz-William, Elizabeth, iii. 303. Sir John 302, 303.――Mabile, iv. 26. Robert 103 bis. Roger 26 ―――― of Hall, Elizabeth, ii. 409, 410. Gervase, Sir John, bis, Robert, William, bis, 409. Family 409. Arms 410 Flambard, Ralph, Bishop of Durham, and Lord Treasurer, ii. 290 Flamborough head, iii. 10 Flammock, etymology of name, i. 85. Thomas 86 bis.――The rebel, iii. 388.――Hanged, i. 87. William and his arms 85 Flammock of Bodmin, i. 387 ―――― of Gomronson, i. 392. John 387 ――――’s rebellion, history of, i. 61, 86, 369――ii. 188. His rebels 187 Flanders, i. 195, 335――iii. 143――iv. 157 ―――― war, iv. 116 Flandrensis, Richard and Stephen, i. 104 Flavell, Rev. T., of Mullion and Ruan Major, monument to, iii. 258 Fleet prison, iii. 268 Fleet street, London, iii. 251 Flemanck, Mark le, i. 86 Flemen family, iii. 78, 80, 90 bis, 94 Flemming family, descent, i. 104.――Family, ii. 292 Fleta, ii. 6 Fletcher, Rev. J. R., of Quethiock, iii. 373 Flete, Thomas, iii. 247 Flintshire, ii. 65 Flood, i. 260 Flora, goddess, ii. 165 Floyd, ii. 320――iii. 168, 394, 429 bis――iv. 13.――His dictionary, iii. 403 Flushing, in Mylor parish, packet station removed from Falmouth to, ii. 11 ―――― in Nankersy, iii. 227, 231. Description of, improved by Mr. Trefusis 227. Now going to decay 228 Fonnereau, Thomas, his history, ii. 358.――An adventurer, iii. 423 Fontevrault, in Anjou, i. 341 Fooda village, ii. 405 Foot of Treleyassick, Friend, John and Sarah, ii. 55 Foote, Mr. i. 205.――John, of Truro, ii. 121.――Rev. T., vicar of Leskeard, iii. 21.――Samuel, ii. 90 bis. His first publication was a domestic tragedy 90 ―――― of Lambesso, i. 207. John 204 bis. Henry 204 bis. Samuel 204 ―――― of Tregony, i. 204 Foow of Tiverton, i. 172 Forbes, Rev. Mr. a miser, i. 317 Forrabury rocks, ii. 274 Forrester family, iii. 9 Forschall, Rev. Josiah, iii. 408 Forster, Rev. Benjamin, account of, and letters published by Mr. Nichols, i. 71 Fortescue, Mr. i. 36, 283. Family 391.――The parliamentary colonel and governor of Pendennis castle, ii. 14. John 185 bis. Appointed sheriff of Cornwall, assaulted St. Michael’s Mount, but was repulsed 184. Family 77. Rev. George, of St. Mellian 167.――Rev. George, of Pillaton, iii. 348. Hugh, ancestor of Earl Fortescue 216. Sir John, Lord Chancellor 191. Martin, acquired Buckland Filleigh by marriage 148. Miss 163. Mr. 193.――Colonel, iv. 185 ―――― of Devon, Mr. ii. 251 ―――― of Fallowpit, Devon, Elizabeth, ii. 339 ―――― of Filleigh, Hugh, i. 205. Family 387.――Hugh, ii. 68.――Arthur, iii. 191 ―――― of Pencoll, Arthur, i. 387 ―――― of Vallapit, ii. 190 Forth, Earl of, iv. 186 Foss, i. 10 Fosses Moor, ii. 121 Fossiliferous slate, i. 343 Four Barrow Down, ii. 317 Fowey borough, its franchise, ii. 412.――Represented several times by the Rashleighs, iv. 107. Jonathan Rashleigh, M.P. for 101, 107. Philip 108. William 109 ―――― church, i. 52; or Foy, Mr. Treffrye contributed towards its erection, ii. 43 ―――― harbour, ii. 36, 39, 409, 412――iv. 23; or Foye, ii. 88 ―――― mines and Lanescot Consols, iv. 110 ―――― parish, ii. 92, 413――iv. 110, 158 FOWEY parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land-tax, impropriation, ancient chapel at, tutelary saint, her history by the Editor, ii. 36. Her body found 37. Church and tower, town, franchise, incorporation, form of writ, arms, markets and fairs, liberties of the Cinque Ports, had sixty tall line of battle ships temp. Edw. 3, 38. Assisted in the siege of Calais, grew rich by French prizes, afterwards turned pirates, town burnt and inhabitants massacred by the French 39. Again obtained letters 40, and relapsed into piracy, insulted King Edward’s messenger, and were punished, beauty and security of the harbour, blockhouses, an engagement between them and a Dutch frigate 41. Plase, Treffreye family, chief inhabitants of the town, hospital endowed by Mr. Rashleigh, the history of his fortune 44. By the Editor, remarks on the above, feudal supremacy of Tywardreth priory, right of voting 45. Manor, Rashleigh family, Mr. Austen’s works, Lysons’s account of the repulse of the French 46. Mr. Rashleigh’s collections and writings, letter of Thomas Cromwell, the brothers Lamb 47. Statistics and Geology 48 Fowey river, i. 172 bis, 179 bis――ii. 91, 379 bis, 390, 391――iii. 24 bis, 25 bis, 121, 262.――Or Foye, iv. 29, 30 bis, 111, 155. Or haven 110.――Choked, iii. 25, 26.――Ford across, iv. 30. Source of 237 ―――― road, iv. 32 ―――― tower, iv. 229 ―――― town, ii. 39, 41, 44, 45 quat., 48, 400, 411――iii. 20, 26, 67, 71, 219――iv. 36, 38, 99, 107, 187, 188.――Collector of customs at, ii. 47. Once a mere village 412.――Road to, iii. 439.――By Leland, iv. 290.――Or Foye, ii. 88. Siege of 40 ―――― Robert de Cardinam, Lord of, iii. 27 Fowler, ii. 51 Fox, the parliamentary captain and governor of Pendennis castle, ii. 14 ―――― Messrs. their iron-works and character, iii. 305 ―――― Miss, of Deal, iii. 159 ―――― of Par, T. W. family, first settled there, removed to Falmouth, ii. 18 ―――― Acts and Monuments, i. 233――ii. 195――iii. 210.――His Martyrology, ii. 193 Foxworthy, Mr. iv. 74 Foyefenton, i. 199 Fraddon, i. 388 Frampton, J. A. iii. 293 ―――― castle, iv. 228 France, i. 214――ii. 40, 59, 64, 86, 108 bis, 123, 244――iii. 121, 133, 142, 150, 171, 187, 400, 401, 453, 464――iv. 169.――Court of, i. 311. Kings of 335.――Peace between England, Holland, and, ii. 43. Tobacco sold cheap in 43. Protestants of, are Calvinists 74. St. German’s remains restored to 78. Pronunciation in 127. St. Dye a native of 133. War with 254.――Lord Hollis ambassador to, iii. 148. Fear of invasion from 97. Wars with 439.――Trade of Looe with, iv. 36. Wars between us and 24, 144 Francis, St. i. 81 ter., 82 ter., 175 ter., 176 ter.――iii. 19.――His history, i. 80. Written by St. Bonaventure 81 Franciscans, i. 79, 176, 312.――iv. 73. Francis de Exeter said to be one 111. (See Friars) Franks, i. 411 Freathy family, ii. 252 Frederick, Emperor, i. 130 Frederick 2nd King of Castille, i. 311 French architecture, iv. 140 ―――― court, ii. 188 ―――― crew, surprise a Cornish party at a Christmas supper, and carry them into Brittany, iv. 24 ―――― family, iii. 276 ―――― fleet, ii. 245, 246. Seized the town of Marazion 171. Appeared in Plymouth sound 246 ―――― invasion, ii. 40 ―――― king, ii. 171――iii. 130 ―――― language, iii. 20 ―――― men, iv. 99, 157; and Spaniards, sea fight with 21 ―――― people, claim the appearance of St. Michael, ii. 172 ―――― power in India, Pondicherry the chief seat of, iv. 11 ―――― prizes, ii. 39 ter. ―――― revolution, and Editor’s opinion upon, ii. 247 ―――― wars, ii. 27, 94, 276――iii. 111, 183――iv. 101.――Edward 3rd’s ii. 39. Henry 5th’s 176 Frendon, Gilbert de, iii. 354 Friars, Augustine, or Black Friars mendicant, i. 83. Carmelite, or of the blessed Lady of Mount Carmel ibid. ―――― Cistercian or white, i. 83 ―――― Dominican, i. 83 ―――― Franciscan or Cordelier, i. 79, 80, 81, 82, 311 bis, or mendicant 82. History of their founder 80. Manner of living 82. When they came into England, their first convent here at Canterbury 83 Friars of St. Francis of Paula, i. 83 ―――― Mendicant, number in England, i. 83 ―――― observants, i. 82 Frignis, Gregory, mayor of Truro, iv. 77 Friscobard, Amery of, i. 338 Froissart, ii. 176 Frost, William, mayor of Exeter, ii. 189 Frowick, i. 53 Froyns, taken by the English, ii. 177 Frye, Rev. P., of St. Winnow, iv. 159 Fueran, cell at, iii. 331 Fulford, Sir Thomas, ii. 189 ―――― Rev. John, of Probus, iii. 181 Fuller, i. 108, 109 ――――’s Gloucestershire, ii. 198 ―――― Worthies, iii. 277 Fullford, sheriff of Cornwall, ii. 186 Fulton river, or canal navigation, iv. 17 Funeral monuments, cross-legged figures on, iii. 132 Furley, Rev. Samuel, of Roach, iii. 396, 399. His character 399 Furnace, reverberatory, introduced into Cornwall, i. 365 Furneaux abbey, i. 320 Furzdon of Devonshire, Mr. iii. 228 Furze rock, iv. 29 Fuschia adolphina, iv. 182 ―――― apetela, iv. 182 ―――― coccinea, iv. 182 ―――― conica, iv. 182 ―――― globosa, iv. 182 ―――― gracilis, iv. 182 ―――― maxima, iv. 182 ―――― robertsia, iv. 182 ―――― virgata, iv. 182 Fust castle, iv. 228 Fyning manor, iii. 206

Gabriel, angel, i. 367 Gaisford, Rev. Thomas, Dean of Christ Church, ii. 266 Gaius, i. 335 Galfridus Monmouthensis, i. 337, 397――iii. 79.――His Chronicle, ii. 50 Galilee, iv. 100 Gall, Henry, married Thomasine Bonaventure, his death, iv. 133 Galleford or Camelford, ii. 402 Gallia, i. 214――iv. 116 ―――― Celtica, i. 107 Galsworthy of Hartland, Mr. ii. 347 Galton borough, ii. 162 Games, John, iii. 83 Gandi, Peter, iv. 28 Gannell creek, i. 246. Account of 249 Gardiner, Elizabeth, and Stephen Bishop of Winchester, ii. 194 Garganus, mount, ii. 172 Garlenick in Creed, iii. 454 Garles, see Grylls Garnegan, i. 215 Garrows, i. 415 Garsike, by Leland, iv. 264 Gascoign wine, iii. 182, 248 Gascoigne, i. 338――iv. 145 Gauerygan, account of, i. 224 ―――― of Gauerygan, i. 224. Arms 225 Gaul, i. 107 bis, 294――ii. 131 Gaulis, Marianne, iii. 231 Gaulish forests, i. 333, 336 Gaunt, John of, iii. 65 Gaurigan, ancestor of Charles Bodville, Earl of Radnor, iv. 73 Gaveston, Piers, i. 338 Gayer of Araler-Grace, Samuel, i. 256 Gazania rigens, iv. 182 Geach, i. 10 Geake, Mr. iii. 42 Gear, account of, i. 364 Gedy of Trebersey, Richard, iii. 337 bis. Family 337 Gee, Rev. Walter, of Wick St. Mary, iv. 136 Geenlow, i. 344 Genefre, St. ii. 430 Genesis, book of, iii. 69 Genesius, St. ii. 86 Geneva, iii. 188 Genevour, wife of King Arthur, iii. 337 Genis, John, ii. 423 Genlyn, account of, i. 365 Gennis, St. Manor, ii. 87 Gennis, St. parish, ii. 232――iii. 275, 352, 353.――or St. Gennys, ii. 234, 273 GENNYS ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, incumbent, impropriator, ii. 86. By Editor, the Saint, Treveeg by Mr. Lysons ibid. Arms of the Yeo’s, manor of St. Gennis, Lord Rolle’s manor, Treworgy, Braddon family 87. Statistics, vicar, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 88 Genoese, Sir H. Killigrew, Ambassador to, ii. 372 Gentleman’s Magazine, ii. 295――iv. 141. Communication to, respecting Tywardreth priory 104 Geographers, ancient, vague and uncertain, ii. 19 Geological society of Cornwall, ii. 100 ter.――Instituted by Dr. Paris, Dr. Boase secretary to, iii. 95. Transactions of 11――iv. 166 Geology, Dr. Boase on, iii. 95, 100.――Principles of, ii. 47――iii. 57 George, William, iii. 387 ―――― 1st, King, ii. 75, 112, 304, 351, 431――iii. 62, 135, 201――iv. 21, 157 ―――― 2nd, ii. 303, 407――iii. 28, 62, 367――iv. 21, 107 ―――― 3rd, i. 157――ii. 158――iii. 106, 219, 235, 249.――His accession, i. 321.――Bells rung by the same men at his coronation and jubilee, iv. 18 ―――― 4th, King, iv. 18 ―――― St. i. 157 ―――― St. island, iv. 26 George’s, St. channel, i. 234, 289, 407――ii. 48, 145, 182, 237, 273, 282, 283, 340――iii. 253, 280, 430 Geran, i. 413 Gerance, parish, ii. 5, 275 Gerandus, St. ii. 51 Geranium, iv. 182 Gerans, parish, ii. 275 GERANS parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, ii. 50. Value of benefice, endowment, saint, patron, incumbent, land tax, seats, Tregeare 51. Dispute for its possession 52. Judge Dolben 53. Treligan, Rosteage, Trewince 54. By Tonkin, tenure, Nosworthy family, Trewithian, Trelegar 55. The Beacon, Tregaliavean, Rosteage 56. By Editor, Rosteague ibid. Trewince, prospect from church, Bowling Green, endowment of church, Polskatho, Pettigrew, Nanquitty, Tregeare 57. Trewithian, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 58 Gerard, Fitton, Earl of Macclesfield, i. 67 Gereon, St. ii. 51 Gerint ab Erbyn, i. 338. Elegy upon, ib. King Arthur’s admiral 404 German accession, iii. 216 ―――― court, ii. 407 ―――― custom of trying after execution, iii. 186 ―――― line of English Princes, ii. 244 ―――― ocean, iii. 11 ―――― Protestants are Lutherans, ii. 74 ―――― sea, ii. 27 ―――― soldiers driven from Charlestown to St. Ives by the wind, ii. 268 ―――― St. ii. 59, 60. His history, bishop of Auxerre, heresies of the Arians and Pelagians 63. He came over to refute the Pelagians, succeeded, preached at St. Alban’s 64. Victory obtained by his prayers 65 German’s, St. abbey, ii. 60; or monastery 61, 62. Abbot of 62 ―――― bishoprick, ii. 60 ―――― chapel at St. Alban’s, ii. 65, 75 ―――― creek, i. 32――ii. 363――iii. 436 ―――― Lord, iii. 39.――Earl of, ii. 234 ―――― manor, iii. 2 ―――― parish, i. 343――ii. 87, 118, 361, 362, 363, 364 bis――iii. 118, 119, 124, 167, 245, 275, 371, 436 bis, 440 GERMANS, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, rectory, chancel, ii. 59. Abbey, once the cathedral see 60; afterwards collegiate church, derivation of the word abbat 61. Hircanus the Levite, value of the priory, borough 62. Election of members, writ, arms of the priory, market and fair, history of saint 63. Priory-house 65. Eliots 66. Seats, Bake, Coltdrynike, Millinike 67. Hendre, Catchfrench 68. By Tonkin, town, first return to parliament 68. Elective franchise, sometimes called Cuddenbeck; the priory by Browne Willis 69. Eliot family 70. Priory-house 71. Seat of a suffragan bishop to Exeter, advowsons and impropriation 72. By Editor, saint’s celebrity, doctrines of Pelagius 72. Saint’s history 73. Various places in Britain dedicated to him, improvements at the priory 74. Statute for suffragan bishopricks, Bake, Mr. Moyle and his works 76. Aldwinick, Catchfrench, Sir John Eliot’s quarrel with Mr. Moyle 77. Statistics 78. Geology by Dr. Boase, Clicker Tor, and Trerule foot 79 German’s, St. priory, ii. 70, 75, 123, 361, 362――iii. 245, 253, 336――iv. 69 bis.――Prior of, ii. 59, 118, 119 bis, 365――iii. 336 ―――― town, iii. 268. The Cornish see removed to 415 Germanes, St. by Leland, iv. 281 Germanus, St. his history by the Editor, ii. 72. His victory explained, came a second time to Britain 74. Converted a pagan army, his death and burial, and places dedicated to him 75 Germany, ii. 407 bis――iii. 285. Persecution of the Protestants in 67.――St. Boniface undertook to convert, iv. 126 bis ―――― the apostle of, iv. 126 Germayn’s, St. by Leland, iv. 291 Germo, ii. 126 Germocus, St. by Leland, iv. 264 Germoe, King, his throne, i. 125 ―――― parish, iv. 89 ―――― people of, ii. 82 Germow parish, i. 118 bis――ii. 169 ―――― St. said to be an Irish king, his tomb and chair, ii. 81 GERMOW, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriator, Godolphin Ball, ii. 80. By Tonkin, Godolphin Ball ibid. Name of parish, saint 81. By Editor, Hals’s history of St. Gordian, tradition of St. Germoe, village of Bojil, William Lemon 81. Process of mining 82. Mr. Lemon’s mine at Trowell 83. Gwennap mines, Cavnon adit, a present from Frederick Prince of Wales to Mr. Lemon 84. Lemon family 85. Statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 85 Gernigan, Anne and Sir Henry, iii. 140 Gernon, Geoffrey de, ii. 209 Gernow, i. 300 Geron’s, St. iv. 274. By Leland ibid. Gerrance, i. 26 Gerrans parish, iv. 117 ter., 124 Gerrard, Sir William, ii. 235 Gerras mines, i. 20 Gerry, Rev. Mr. ii. 319 Gerson’s parish, ii. 281 Geruncius, King of the Britons, ii. 50 Gervasius, St. i. 99 Gerveys, Elizabeth and John, ii. 396 Getulius, a Roman citizen and martyr, iv. 117 Ghent, ii. 127, 345 Giant, story of a, ii. 113 Giant’s hedge, description of, iv. 29 Gibbon’s account of the Paleologi, ii. 368 Gibbs, Dr. James, his Life, ii. 111 ―――― of St. Colomb, i. 396 Gibson, Captain Charles, R. N. ii. 375 bis Giddy, Rev. Edward, i. 362. Catherine ibid. Davies 363.――Edward, iii. 97. His character 93. Arranged the cabinet of the Cornish Geological Society 100. Rev. Edward, the Editor’s father 159, 337. John, memoir of 273. Thomas, his character 96. Family 94 ―――― of Trebersey family, iii. 39 Gifford family, ii. 153 bis.――Mr. Bishop’s assumed name, iii. 143 ―――― of Fewborough family, iii. 222 Giggy, St. ii. 254. His well ibid. Gilbart, John, iv. 55 Gilbert, Davies (the Editor), i. 363――iv. 148.――Catherine, his daughter, ii. 100. Wife of Grenville 341. Family 189.――C. S. iii. 151.――His History of Cornwall, i. 234――iii. 151.――Rev. R. P. of St. Wenn, iv. 151. W. R. 97 ―――― of Crompton castle, i. 134 ―――― of Tacabre, i. 134. Samuel 133, 134.――Of Tachbear, in Bridgerule, Samuel, iii. 235. Family 23――iv. 45, 62 Gilpin, Mr. iii. 166 Giraldus Cambrensis, i. 305, 337 Githa, i. 168.――Wife of Earl Godwin, ii. 415.――Of Godwin, Earl of Kent, iv. 155 Glamorganshire, ii. 216――iii. 281.――Mr. Daniel’s smelting-house in, ii. 33.――Supplied Cornwall with steam-engines, iii. 305 Glant parish, ii. 36――iii. 425――iv. 99 GLANT parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ii. 88. Ancient name, value of benefice, endowment, patron, vicar, impropriation, land-tax, Penevit 89. By Tonkin, name, etymology 90. By Editor, Hals’s History of St. Sampson, ib. Penquite, Lentyon, a castle, name, first boarding-school for young ladies, peculiarities of the church, statistics 91. Incumbent, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 92 Glanvill, Judge, i. 206. Miss 43, 245.――Mr. ii. 59 ―――― of Catchfrench, Francis, i. 244 ―――― of Killyvor, John and Mary, i. 221.――Family, iv. 160 Glanville, Francis, ii. 77 bis. Rev. John 234. Family vault in Kilkhampton church 352. Family 231, 339.――Frances and William E. iii. 219 Glaseney college, iii. 224. At Penryn 194.――Glasney, ii. 341, 96 bis. Of canons regular 136. Provost of 113――iv. 1, 2. Its founder 2.――Glassney, Robert Lyddra, provost of, iii. 257 ―――― monastery near Penryn, iii. 446.――Glasseney, ii. 286 Glasgow, i. 247 Glasney, John de, i. 246 Glasnith i. 209 Glastonbury, i. 306, 337 bis――ii. 305――iv. 36 ―――― abbey, iii. 262――iv. 25. Its dissolution 37. Michael, abbat of 26 ―――― church of, iv. 26 ―――― monks of, iv. 26, 27 ―――― John of, i. 307 Glebridge manor, account of, ii. 375 Glenning, Nicholas, i. 113 Glesnith, by Leland, iv. 271 Glin, i. 168 bis. Account of 171 bis Globularia longifolia, iv. 182 Gloucester, i. 113――ii. 76 bis ―――― Bishop of, William Warburton, ii. 265 ―――― cathedral, cenotaph to the Rev. J. Smyth in, ii. 278 ―――― Duke of, Richard, afterwards King, made sheriff of Cornwall, ii. 185 ―――― earls of, ii. 148.――William, i. 266, 288.――William, illegitimate son of King Henry 1st, and Robert, his son, ii. 148 ―――― hall, Oxford, now Worcester college, ii. 233. Its Fasti ibid. ―――― honour of, ii. 147, 341 Glover, Rev. William, ii. 147 bis――Rev. William of Phillack, iii. 344 bis Glover’s Somersetshire, iii. 186 Gluvias parish, i. 135 bis――ii. 2, 129, 337――iii. 59, 224, 231――iv. 1. Rev. G. Allanson, vicar of 95 GLUVIAS parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, church before the Conquest, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriator, ii. 92. Land-tax, seats, Roscrow, Innis, Gosose river and house, Penryn borough, the Ocrinum of Ptolemy, antiquity of manor 94. Charters, elective franchise, markets, fairs, arms, form of writ, insignificance in Carew’s time, subsequent improvement 95. College of Black Canons at Glasnewith 96. Inhabitants of Penryn, Lady Killigrew’s cup 97. By Tonkin, Enis, ib. Roscrow 98. By Editor, etymology, St. Gluvias, borough of Penryn, Enis, Cosawis, Bohelland farm, story of “Fatal Curiosity”, 100. Parish fortunate in clergy, beauty of situation, dangerous road remedied 104. Statistics, vicar, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 105 Gluvias, St. ii. 99 Glyn, John, i. 215. Family 261 Glynford, i. 172 Glynn barton, i. 172, 173, 298 ―――― Dr. Robert, his learning, ii. 153. Held in high respect at college, entertained Mr. Pitt 154. Thomas 142. Family 153. Arms 142.――Jane, iii. 247 bis. John murdered 246. John 247, 248 bis. Thomasine 248. Miss 279. Family 23, 246. Arms 249 ―――― of Glynn, Denny, i. 172. Edmund and John 173. Nicholas 171. Serjeant 173 bis. William 172. Family 173, 305. Arms 172.――Thomas, ii. 397 bis. Family 142, 339, 383, 397 bis. Property 397 ―――― of Glynford, Nicholas, i. 172 ―――― of Heliton, i. 173 ―――― of Helston, ii. 339 Glynne of Polkinhorne, Thomas and William, ii. 137 Gnaphalium ericoides, iv. 182 ―――― fetidum, iv. 182 ―――― stœchas, iv. 182 Godalgar, etymology, i. 119 Godfrey, Charles and Charlotte, iii. 217 Godollon castle, iv. 228 Godolphin administration, ii. 217 ―――― Ball, account of by Hals and Tonkin, ii. 80 ―――― barony, i. 127 ―――― blowing-house, i. 394 ―――― earldom, i. 127 ―――― Sir Francis, i. 123 ter., 232, 394 bis, 395 ter. Francis, Earl of 126, 127. Francis, Lord, and Henry 127. John 122 bis. Mary 127. Sidney 59. Sidney, Earl of 123 bis, 126 quat., 232, 234. William 123 quat. Sir William 123, 232. Pedigree to the Earl 123. From the Earl 126. Family 74, 125, 160, 224, 225, 262 bis. Arms 124. Property 127.――Catherine, ii. 217. Francis 217, 269. Sir Francis 9. Sir William 170. Miss 236. Duke of Leeds, heir of 218. Family 80 bis, 160, 170, 217 bis. Patrons of Helston 160. Arms 335. Monuments and curious inscription on one 219.――Family, iii. 8, 47 bis, 286――iv. 54, 173.――Saying of, iii. 295. A branch of 57.――Lord, ii. 83, 139, 162, 219 ―――― of Godolphin, Thomas, recorder of Helston, ii. 160.――John, iii. 211 ―――― of Treveneage, iii. 81 ―――― of Treworveneth, family extinct, Colonel William, iii. 288 ―――― hill, i. 128 bis.――Hills, ii. 85 ―――― house, i. 395 ―――― lands, i. 119, 121. Etymology 119, 120 Godrevy, account of, ii. 150 ―――― point, i. 166――ii. 151 Godwin, Bishop, i. 130. His catalogue of English Bishops, iii. 415 ―――― Earl, i. 168――ii. 415.――Of Kent, iv. 155 bis, 156 Godwyn sands, iii. 310 Golant parish, ii. 390 Gold, the largest pieces in Cornwall found in Ladock parish, ii. 355 Golden, Goulden, Gowlden, or Gulden manor, iii. 355, 356, 360, 361, 365, 464 ―――― parish, iii. 383 Goldingham, i. 247 bis Goldney family, ii. 341 Goldsithney village, iii. 308. Tale of a fair removed to 309 Goldsmith, Lieut. R.N. removed the rock at Castle Treryn, iii. 31 Goldsmith’s rents, London, iv. 86 Goliah’s sword, i. 334 Gomronson, account of, i. 392 Gonnet’s, St. park, iii. 397 Gonrounson, i. 387 Gonwallo parish, iii. 127, 128; or Gonwallow, ii. 80, 237 Gooch of Orford, Suffolk, G. W. iv. 130 Good Hope, Cape of, iii. 187 Goodall, Mr. ii. 43 ―――― of Fowey, John, ii. 98.――Family, iii. 162 Goodere, Captain, Dineley, Sir Edward, Sir John, i. 204.――Sir J. D. Captain Samuel, whose history is tragical, and was published by Foote, his nephew, and Miss, iv. 90 Goodwood, i. 372 Goodyere, Anne, iii. 159 Goonhilly downs, i. 304――ii. 331 bis――iii. 127, 128, 138 Goonwyn, ii. 254 Gooseham village, iii. 255 Goran manor, iii. 90 ―――― or Gorran parish, ii. 330――iii. 195, 198, 202, 207 GORAN parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, antiquity, value of benefice, patron, impropriator, incumbent, land-tax, church, prior to the Conquest, remarkable places, Goranhoane, Bodrigham, ii. 106. Family of that name 107. Escape from Bosworth, Bodrigan’s leap 108. Discord with the Haleps of Lammoran, Tregarden, Tregarthyn family 109. Arms, Trewoolla 110. Family 111. Dr. James Gibbs 111. Anthony Wills 112. By Tonkin, etymology, saint 112. Trevennen, Trevasens, Polgorror, Treveor, Pennore, Thicavosa, story of a giant 113. Situation and description of church, Lady Brannell’s tomb, Richard Edgecombe’s monument 114. By Editor, Trevascus, Treveor, Bodrigan ibid. Statistics, vicar, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase, Deadman point 115 ―――― St. parish, ii. 414 Goran-carhayes, i. 413 Goranhoane, account of, ii. 106 Gordian, St. account of, ii. 81 Gordon, Lady Catharine, ii. 186, 191. Perkin Warbeck’s wife, pensioned by Henry 7th 191.――Sir A. C. iii. 9 ―――― St. church, ii. 80 Gorges, Sir William, i. 348 bis Gorian, St. a persecutor converted, ii. 112 Gorien, or Coren, St. a missionary from Ireland, ii. 113 Goring, general, i. 113. Lord, the royalist general, iii. 81――iv. 115, 187 Gorseddan, i. 192 Gosmoor, i. 220 bis Gosose, account of, ii. 94, 100 ―――― creek, ii. 94 ―――― river, ii. 94 Gospels, ancient copy of, iii. 408 Gotherington manor, i. 64――iii. 436 Gothian, St. ii. 147 Gothic architecture of Henry 7th’s reign, iv. 81 Gothland, i. 336 Gothlois, Earl of Cornwall, etymology of name, iv. 94 Gothlouis, Duke of Cornwall, i. 324, 327 quat., 328 quat., 329 bis, 331 quint., 332 bis, 342. His death 331, and funeral 332 Gould, John, iii. 42 ―――― of Downs, William, iii. 249 Gove of Devon, Elizabeth, iii. 176 bis Goverigon, ii. 217 Govill, iii. 402――iv. 117 Gower, Rev. G. L. of St. Maben, iii. 74. Of St. Michael Penkivell 221 Goynlase in St. Agnes, iii. 319 Graas, ii. 292 Grace, St. iii. 364. Her skeleton ibid. Grade parish, ii. 358 bis――iii. 128, 257, 421, 423 GRADE parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, ii. 116. By Tonkin, etymology and value of benefice ibid. By Editor, etymology, Erisey ibid. Advowson of living, feast, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase, Cadgwith, quarry at Cogar, Kennick cove 117 ―――― St. ii. 116 bis Graffo hundred, Leicestershire, ii. 363 Graham, Thomas, and Mr. ii. 47.――Rev. H. E. of Ludgian, iii. 54 Grammar, Farnaby’s system of, iv. 87 Grampont, iv. 30 Grampound borough, account of, i. 253, 256, 258, 259――iii. 395.――Arms, i. 254.――Philip Hawkins, M.P. for, iii. 356, 367. Thomas Hawkins 362 Grampound, town, iii. 360, 371 Grand Junction canal, iii. 10 bis ―――― jury, charge to, ii. 76 Grandison, John de, Bishop of Exeter, iii. 1, 372 bis, 373.――Demanded legacies for endowing churches, ii. 96. Used his influence in aid of Bideford bridge 341.――His register, iii. 1 ―――― John Villiers, Earl of, i. 69 ―――― Viscount, father of the Duchess of Cleveland, ii. 11 Granite sent from Penryn to London, i. 242 Grant, Rev. John of Lezant, iii. 40. Mr. Canon, rector of Ruan Lanyhorne 405. Mr. 404 Grantham, ii. 76.――St. Symphorian and St. Wolfran buried at, iv. 117 Granville, Sir Bevill, i. 113.――Colonel, ii. 93.――Sir Bevill, iii. 40. His great victory 351. His death 40. Grace, and John Earl of Bath 255. Family 353. Saying of 295 ―――― of Penheale, Degory, i. 419 ―――― of Stow, Margaret and Roger bis, i. 419 ―――― Grace, Countess of, and Robert Carteret Earl of, ii. 346 Graunpond, by Leland, iv. 272 Graves, Thomas, i. 37.――J. iv. 38 ―――― Lord, i. 37――ii. 252 Gray, the poet, i. 71. Mr. 384 Gray’s Inn, ii. 267 Great Mystery of Godliness, iii. 79 ―――― Work mine, ii. 83, 304 bis Grebble, Mr. iv. 74 Greece, iii. 187.――Emperor of, ii. 365 bis――Artists of, iv. 169 Greef islands, iv. 237 Greek church, ii. 370, 371 ―――― college, ii. 371 ―――― empire, ii. 373 ―――― language fashionable in England, ii. 373.――Tables of, iv. 87 Greeks, i. 341――iii. 395.――Acquainted with Falmouth harbour, ii. 19. And fetched tin from it 3 Green bank, Falmouth, i. 137 Greenough, Mr. iv. 124 Greenwich, ii. 223, 359, 399――iii. 281, 375, 376 ―――― East, ii. 56 Greenwich observatory, the first meridian, ii. 222 Grees, Germaine, iv. 77 Grefe by Leland, iv. 289. Islet by Leland and trajectus 274 Grege, William, iii. 16 Gregor, Francis, ii. 393.――Rev. William, iii. 113. Mrs. 406.――Francis, iv. 77, 89, 121, 129. William 123. His analysis of Veryan limestone 123, 124. Family 74, 89, 128, 130 ―――― of Cornelly, i. 204 ―――― of Gurlyn, account of, i. 349 ―――― of Tredinike, Francis, i. 243, 244 sex. John 243, 244. Miss 244 bis. Rev. William ibid.――Family, iii. 112 ―――― of Trewarthenick, Mr. ii. 407.――Francis, iii. 315 bis, 318 ter. His ancestors 318. Mr. 54.――Family, ii. 407 ―――― of Truro, ii. 93――iii. 327 Gregory, Mr. ii. 146 ―――― Pope, ii. 203, 212 ―――― St. Pope, ii. 288 ―――― 1st, or the Great Pope, iii. 284, 285――ii. 287. His letter preserved 288 ―――― 9th, Pope, i. 312 ―――― 13th, Pope, founded a college for Greek children at Rome, opposed the Greek errors, his calendar, ii. 370 Gregov, M^c, i. 365 Grenfell, Pascoe, ii. 216. Pascoe, jun. notice of ibid. ―――― of Marazion, Emma, ii. 224 Grenville, Anne, and Rt. Hon. Bernard, ii. 98. Bernard, sheriff of Devon 341. Bernard, father of Sir Beville and Sir Richard 348 bis. Sir Bevill 31. Sheriff of Cornwall 186. Sir Beville 333 ter., 334. Registry of his baptism 348. Sold Lanew and Bryn 332. His letter to Sir John Trelawny 349. His character 343. By Editor 348. His death in the battle of Lansdowne 343. Epitaph to 347. Poetical 348. Charles 351. George, sheriff of Devon 341. George, M.P. for Cornwall, rhyme on his election, created Lord Lansdowne, a poet, his imprisonment and death 351. Grace, Countess Granville 346. John 342. Sir John, afterwards Earl of Bath 333, 345, 350. Dispossessed Noye by unjust litigation of an estate sold to him by Sir Bevill 333. Instrumental to the restoration, created Earl of Bath, &c. 345. Built the mansion at Stowe 346, 351. Earls of Bath 340. Richard, sheriff of Cornwall, and Richard, sheriff of Devon 341. Richard, descended from Rollo, Duke of Normandy, came over with William the Conqueror 344. Sir Richard, vice-admiral 342. His battle with the Spaniards, and death 344. Sir Richard 342. Registry of his baptism 348. Called by the rebels Skellum Grenville, imprisoned, Clarendon’s unamiable character of him, his death 345. Robert, sheriff of Cornwall 341. Roger, Capt. R.N. 341, 344. Lost in the Mary Rose frigate 342. Sir Theobald promoted the building of Bideford bridge 341. William, Archbishop of York, son of Sir Theobald 344. Family, by Lysons, settled at Bideford 341. Possessed the manor of Kilkhampton nearly from the conquest 343. Under a temporary eclipse 350. Monuments 347.――Sir Richard, trait of, iii. 184 bis. Miss 60 bis.――Sir Richard, his siege of Plymouth, raised by Essex, he retreated, was followed, re-inforced by the King, iv. 185. Quartered with the King at Lord Mohun’s house 186. With other generals hemmed in Essex, and obliged him to retire 187. Family 16, 136――i. 262 Grenville of Bideford, John, sheriff of Devon, ii. 341. Richard 344 ―――― of Ilcombe, ii. 346 ―――― of Penheale, George, i. 378.――Degory, ii. 110 ―――― of Stow, Roger, i. 313. Family 17, 19.――Thomas, sheriff of Cornwall, probably the first of Stowe, ii. 341. Family 109, 332 bis. Sir Bernard 22, 162. Sir Bevill 22. His birth and death 162. Unhorsed in the battle near Stratton 13. Sir John 172. Family 162 bis ―――― of Stowe, Bucks, family, iii. 192, 194 ―――― of Trethewoll, i. 408 ―――― Lady, present possessor of Boconock, i. 69. Lord 69, 112 ―――― Duke of Buckingham, iii. 192 Greston-moor, iii. 41 Grey, Thomas, Duke of Dorset, iii. 294. Thomas, Marquis of Dorset 350. Henry, Duke of Suffolk 294 bis. Heir of the family 140.――Family, i. 383 ―――― Lord, ii. 197 Greynville, Rev. Mr. ii. 414 Gridiron, explanation of St. Lawrence’s, i. 89 Griffin, Colonel, i. 68 Griffith, William, ii. 426 Grills, Charles and Rev. Richard, ii. 394 Grogith, i. 243, 244 Grose, Mr. ii. 387 Gross, Mr. iii. 82 Grosse, Ezekiel, i. 162. William 136. Family 145, 162――ii. 217.――Miss, iii. 248. Mr. 383. Family 390. Arms 249 ―――― of Comborne and Golden, Ezekiel, iii. 212, 215, 243, 361, 406, 427, 463. His daughter 215, 361, 406, 427, 463 bis Growden, Lawrence, iii. 175 Groyne, packet boats from receive their despatches at Falmouth, ii. 11 Gryllo, Rev. William, i. 288 Grylls or Garles, rocks at, iii. 23 ―――― Rev. R. G. i. 128. Matthew and Robert 8.――Alice, ii. 396. Charles 227, 396 ter. John 396 bis. Richard and Rev. Richard 396. Rev. R. G. 395, 396. Thomas 218. Mrs. 228. Family 395.――Christopher, iii. 260. Rev. R. G. of St. Neot’s 262, 266. Restored the church 262, 264. Rev. Mr. of Luxilian 57. Family 113――iv. 54 ―――― of Court, Charles, ii. 395 ―――― of Helston, Rev. R. G. ii. 124. Thomas 218 ―――― of Tavistock, William, ii. 395 ―――― manor, iii. 23 Guary Mir, or Miracle Plays, iii. 329 Guavis, William, iii. 284 Gubbin’s cave, iii. 185 Guddern, ii. 305. Account of by Hals 300. By Tonkin 303 ―――― barrow, ii. 305 Guerir, or Guevor, St. history of, iii. 362 Guernsey, i. 115, 169.――Lighthouses, ii. 358 Guilford, ii. 76 Guillemard, Mary, Philippa Davies, i. 363 Guinear, i. 355 Guisors in Normandy, ii. 177 Gulby, Slade, ii. 114 Guldeford, Henry, iii. 206 Gullant, by Leland, iv. 277, 290 Gully, i. 408 ―――― of Tresilian, Samuel and Mr. iii. 269 Gulval parish, ii. 169, 174――iii. 46, 54, 78 GULVAL parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, manor of Laneseley, Als family, ii. 118. Gulval well 121. By Tonkin, Lanistley manor, Keneggy ibid. Etymology of parish 122. By Editor, St. Gunwall ibid. Ancient name, according to Whitaker, impropriation, vicarage, Kenegie 123. Trevailer, Rosemorron, fertility of part of the parish 124. Chiandower, parish feast, history of St. Martin, statistics 125. Geology by Dr. Boase 126 ―――― register, ii. 83 ―――― well, ii. 121 Gumb, i. 185 quat. Daniel, his house cut in a rock 184 Gundred, iii. 398. Her filial love 393 ――――’s, St. well, iii. 393 Gundrons, ii. 121 Gunhilly, by Leland, iv. 288 Gunpowder plot, iii. 361 Gunwall, St. his history by the Editor, ii. 122 Gunwallo, King, ii. 126 ―――― parish, i. 118, 301 bis, 304――ii. 155――iii. 257 GUNWALLO parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, etymology, ii. 126. Patron, incumbent, land tax, manor of Gunwallowinton 127. By Tonkin, circle of stones at Earth ibid. By Editor, St. Winwallo ibid. Manor of Winnington (by Lysons), situation of church, buried treasure, Mr. Knill 128. Statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 129 Gunwallowinton manor, ii. 127 Gunwin, account of, iii. 8 Guran, i. 415 Gurlyn, account of, i. 349 Gurnet’s head, iv. 165 Gurney, Rev. Samuel, i. 354.――Sir Richard, parish priest of Bideford, admonished in his sleep to build Bideford bridge, ii. 341.――Rev. Samuel of St. Earth and Redruth, iii. 386. Rev. Mr. of St. Mervyn 177. Three in succession held St. Mervyns for above a century 179.――Rev. Samuel of Tregony, iv. 129 Gurran parish, iii. 190 Guthrun the Dane, i. 290 Guy, Rev. Charles of Padstow, iii. 278 ―――― Earl of Warwick, iv. 111, 114. His life 113 Guye, i. 8 Guzman, Don Felix de, i. 311 Gwairnick, i. 19 Gwarnike, i. 16. Two chapels at 17 Gwatkin, R. L. i. 2――ii. 306 bis. Mrs. 306.――Family, i. 2 Gwavas, Mr. iii. 46. Family 286 Gwavis, William, iii. 284 Gweek, ii. 330 Gwellimore, King of Ireland, i. 326 Gwenap parish, ii. 123, 222, or Gwennap 144, 306――iii. 306, 380, 390――iv. 1, 2, 5 bis. Mines of 89 GWENAP parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, antiquity, value of benefice, ii. 129. Patron, incumbent, land tax, rectory, remarkable places, Trefyns 130. St. Dye chapel, Paldy’s mine 131. Memorable storm 132. By Tonkin, tumuli at Carne mark, name of parish. By Editor, Saints Wenap and Dye 132. St. Dye’s history, Cornmarth, excavation at 133. Scornier, its rich mine, Poldice mine, copper in tin mines, size of church 134. Alterations, Beauchamp monument, tradition of monks in church tower, statistics, vicar, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase, important mining district, beautiful porphyry near Burncoose 136 Gwenap pit, ii. 133 Gwendron parish, i. 221, 236――ii. 93, 155, 157, 166 bis――iii. 127 bis, 128, 441, 442――iv. 1, 2 ter., 137 GWENDRON parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriator, land tax, remarkable places, Trenethike, ii. 137. Nine maids 137. By Tonkin, endowment of church, patron, impropriator, Trenithike, name of parish, Bodilly Veor, and Vean 137. Treneare 138. By the Editor, former patron 138. Trenethick, Nansloe, Trelil, parish very productive of tin 139. Penhallynk monument, vicarage house, parish feast, Mr. Jago a magician, statistics 140. Geology by Dr. Boase 141 Gwenwynwyn ab Nan, i. 338 Gwernak, by Leland, iv. 262 Gwiator, Henry, iii. 387 Gwihter, Henry, iii. 387 Gwillim’s Heraldry, i. 320 Gwinear, or Gwyniar, or Guinier parish, i. 160, 344――ii. 145 bis, 225――iii. 339, 344, 345 GWINEAR parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, ii. 141. Impropriator, land tax, remarkable places, Lanyon, Polkinhorne, Coswin 142. By Tonkin, name 142. Impropriation 143. By Editor, productive of copper, Herland mine, Whele Alfred, Whele Treliston, Lanyon family 143. Statistics, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase, Relistion mine 144 Gwinnodock, St. iii. 240 Gwinter, ii. 331 bis Gwithian bay, ii. 145 ―――― parish, ii. 234 GWITHIAN parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, manor of Connerton, exchanged by Henry 3rd for that of St. James, ii. 145. Form of writ, value of benefice, patron, land tax 146. By Tonkin, rectory, patron, incumbent, etymology 146. By Editor, advowson, charter of Henry 2nd, manor of Conorton 147. Leland’s tradition of a large town, exchange of manors contradicted, account of St. James’s hospital 148. Lysons’s account of the inundation of sand 149. Planting of rushes to arrest it, sand calcareous, difficulty of burning it into lime, Godrevy, large fig tree in church-yard, parish feast, statistics 150. Geology by Dr. Boase, Godrevy point 151 Gwyn, Mr. ii. 11 Gwynn, i. 8 Gwythian parish, ii. 141――iii. 140, 339 bis, 344 Gyges, King, i. 394

Haccombe, iii. 372. Chantry in ibid. ―――― Sir Stephen de, iii. 372 Hack, John, iii. 387 Hack and Cast, ii. 113 Hadham, Edmund of, Earl of Britain and Richmond, iii. 65 Hadley, John, his sextant, ii. 222 ―――― in Suffolk, ii. 372 Hadrian’s mole, iv. 148 Hagulstadiensis, iv. 42 Haile’s abbey, Gloucestershire, iii. 284, 285 bis Hailestown, by Leland, iv. 268 Hains or Hens Burrow, iii. 394 Hakewell’s Catalogue of the Speakers, iv. 44 Haleboate rock, iii. 361 Halep family, ii. 357 ―――― of Lammoran, ii. 109 Haleps family, iii. 215 Halewyn or Hallwyn, account of, ii. 254 Half crowns, £10,000 in, i. 265 Halghland, ii. 430 Haligan or Helligon, account of, iii. 65 ―――― Robert de, iii. 66 Halisworthy hundred, i. 133 Hall barton, iii. 293――iv. 29, 31 ―――― Bishop of Exeter, iii. 79. Mr. 280 ―――― manor, iii. 293.――Account of, ii. 409. Walk at 410 Hallabeer village, iii. 255 Hallamore, Mr. ii. 97 Hallet, Mr. iv. 22 Hailing, Kent, ii. 152 Hallton, account of, i. 312, 315 Hallworthy, iii. 136 Hals, Dr. i. 298. Lieut.-colonel James 113. John, Bishop of Lincoln or Litchfield and Coventry 218. Family 224.――Jane, ii. 119. John 119, 120 ter. Simon 118, 119 ter. William 118. Family 118. Pedigree 119.――Anne, iii. 188. Grenville 187. Henry, memoir of 187. James, governor of Montserrat, taken prisoner at Plymouth 183. His life spared, suffered a rigorous imprisonment, verses given to him 184. His marriage 186, and issue 186, 187. James 186. Wasted his property 187. John, Bishop of Lincoln or Litchfield and Coventry 141. Nicholas 187. Thomas 186. His death 187. Thomas, memoir of 187――William, the writer of this book, i. 216――ii. 56, 57, 86, 90, 97, 99 ter., 116, 153 bis, 143, 147, 148, 163, 199 bis, 201, 238, 256, 269, 273, 274 bis, 279, 281, 284, 305, 363, 411――iii. 187, 62, 66, 90, 106, 126 quint., 135, 137, 160, 165, 166 ter., 172, 184, 196, 213, 214 quat., 216, 221, 238 bis, 398, 432, 433, 434――iv. 143, 25, 96, 138 bis, 139, 165.――His MS. ii. 127. Of Ladock parish lost 352.――Upon creeds, iii. 426. His mistakes 352. His parochial history 96. The MS. lent to the Editor 407.――Does not notice the Scilly Islands, iv. 168. His Cornish vocabulary 37, 39. On the vocabulary system 72. Granvill hall 74. The missing portions of his MS. sent to the Editor 184.――Family, iii. 208 Hals of Efford, Anne, i. 221. John 419. Matthew 221. Richard 419. Family 298.――John, ii. 130 ―――― of Efford and Fentongollan, John, i. 125. Sir Nicholas 125 and 136. Nicholas 39.――Family, ii. 109 ―――― of Fentongollan, i. 65. John 346, 356. Sir Nicholas 356.――John, ii. 170. Sir Nicholas 119, 170. Governor of Pendennis castle, sanctioned the building of Falmouth 9. His letters and reasons copied 10. Son of John of Efford, and his death 13. Family 170.――John, iii. 209 bis, 212, 215, 464. Sir Nicholas 183, 212, 215. Captain William, memoir of 183.――John and Sir Nicholas, iv. 2 ―――― of Hals’s Savannah, Jamaica, Thomas and Major Thomas, ii. 120 ―――― of Hungerford park, Berks, James, iii. 186 ―――― of Kenedon, Richard, i. 313, 419――ii. 189――iii. 116 ―――― of Lelant, i. 144 ter. ―――― of Merthyr, James, i. 205; or Merther, James, ii. 30, 32, 111. Martha his wife 111. His eldest son, ii. 32.――Lieut.-col. James, iv. 188 ―――― of Pengersick, Sir Nicholas, obtained a pardon for Lady Killigrew, ii. 6 ―――― of Trembetha, John, iii. 7 ―――― of Tresawsen, memoir of James, iii. 182 ―――― of Truro, Grenville, i. 205 Halse, James, M. P. ii. 271.――James, iii. 91 Halsey, Rev. Joseph, i. 205.――Family 417. Edward, Joseph, M.D. and Nathaniel, iii. 188 ―――― of Huntingdonshire family, iii. 188. Arms ibid. ―――― Rev. Joseph, of St. Michael Penkivell, iii. 188 bis Halsham, Yorkshire, ii. 118 Halton, i. 311. John de, Bishop of Carlisle 313 ―――― of Hallton, Joan, i. 313 bis. Richard 313 Halvose, iii. 113 ―――― John, iii. 181 Halwell, Sir John, ii. 189.――Family, i. 348 Halwyn manor, iii. 313 Ham, John, iv. 18 Hambley of St. Columb, i. 259 Hambly, Rev. William, of St. Mewan, iii. 196 Hamelin, presbyter of Launceston castle chapel, ii. 427 Hamilton, Duke, i. 66, 67, 68.――Mr. iii. 62 Hamley, Sir John, ii. 250.――Mr. iii. 65. Family 195. Arms 65 ―――― of St. Neots, ii. 320 ―――― of Trebithike, Mr. iv. 95 Hamly of Trefreke, John, i. 383 Hamlyn family, ii. 316 ―――― of Curtutholl, iii. 170 bis Hammett of Carmarthenshire family, iii. 256 Hammond, Anthony, ii. 76 Hamm’s castle, Normandy, the Earl of Oxford confined there, ii. 185 Hamoaze, i. 266――ii. 362――iii. 45, 105, 108 bis Hampden, John, memorials of, ii. 349. Lord Nugent’s life of 77.――The rebel, iii. 144 Hampshire, ii. 282――iii. 10, 145 Hamson, Sir Thomas, i. 171 Hancanon, Richard, i. 215 Hancock, Rev. Mr. of St. Martin’s, near Looe, iii. 119 Hancock of Hendreth, William, ii. 68 ―――― of Pengelly, in Creed, Thomas, iii. 202 Hankey, Warwick, iv. 157 ―――― of Trekininge Vean, Joseph, i. 225 Hans towns, ii. 6 Hantertavas, account of, iii. 62 Hardenfast manor, iii. 346 Hardfast, i. 313 Hardwicke, Earl of, Chief Justice, i. 269, 282, 283. His charge on the western circuit 278 Hardy, John, ii. 209 Hare of Trenowith, i. 406. Arms ibid. Harewood, i. 158. Sir W. Trelawney lives at, iii. 301 Harleian MSS. iii. 154 sex. Harlyn, John de, i. 373 Hamington, Gervase de, iv. 41 Harold, Edmund, Geoffrey and Thomas, iv. 146 ―――― King, iii. 130, 142 Harpsfield, i. 382――iii. 277 Harrington, a notorious pirate, ii. 41 ―――― Gervase de, ii. 128 ―――― of Somersetshire, Miss, ii. 278 ―――― William Bonville, Lord, iii. 294. Elizabeth, Lady; Lord, of Harrington, and his daughter ibid. Harris, William, i. 164. Family 197, 365.――Edward and Jane, ii. 304. John 58. Mary 416. Richard 255. Susanna 304. William sheriff of Cornwall 56. Mr. 416. The celebrated Mr. of Salisbury 103. Rev. Mr. 253. Arms 122.――W. S. of Plymouth, his writings on lightning, iv. 130.――Edward, iii. 103. John 82. William 103. Mr. 20. Family 83, 90 ―――― of Curtutholl, iii. 170 bis ―――― of Hayne, Sir Arthur, ii. 122. William 121, 123.――Sir Thomas, iii. 103 ―――― of Kenegie, William, iii. 85.――In Gulval, ii. 212. Christopher 121, 123. Lydia 282 ―――― of Park family, i. 205.――In St. Clement’s, Samuel and Mr. iii. 382 ―――― of Pickwell, William, i. 244 ―――― of Roseteague, Richard, ii. 56 ―――― of Rosewarne in Camburne, ii. 39. Mr. 56 ―――― of St. Stephen’s, iv. 161 Harrison, Rev. T. H. ii. 347 ―――― the historian, ii. 403 ―――― of Mount Radford, Devon, family, ii. 294 Harrow school, ii. 243 Hart, Dr. i. 370.――Family, ii. 255 Hartland abbey, i. 168.――Devon, ii. 413, 414 bis, 415 bis――iv. 155, 156.――Account of, ii. 415. Abbats of 414. Prior of 49 bis ―――― Galfrid de Dynham, Lord of, iv. 156 Hartley Winchcombe, i. 164. Henry Winchmore, ii. 56. Winchmore 139 Harvey, Mr. i. 254.――John, iii. 341 bis, and his son 341 Harwich, ii. 28 Harwood in Calstock, ii. 230 Hastings, a cinque port, ii. 38. Enlarged 45.――Sands, iii. 10 ―――― family, iii. 234, 353――iv. 136 bis, 143 ―――― Earl of Huntingdon, i. 378 bis Hatch, Samuel, i. 275. Family 270, 271, 274 Hatsell’s Parliamentary Precedents, i. 356 Hatt, i. 105 Haulsey, Elizabeth, i. 399. John 400 Haweis, David and Edward, ii. 307. Reginald 307 bis.――David, iii. 382. Reginald 327 bis. Family 382, 383 ―――― of Kelliow, Reginald, iii. 381. Mr. 382 Hawes, John, iii. 387.――Mr. iv. 74. Family 4 ―――― of Carlyan, ii. 302 ―――― of Chincoos, Thomas, ii. 316. Arms 316 ―――― of Kea, ii. 316 bis ―――― of Killiow, John, his arms, ii. 300 Hawke, Mr. iv. 111 Hawker, Rev. Jacob, iv. 19 Hawkey, Joseph, ii. 415. Family 152.――Miss, iii. 116.――Joseph, iv. 139 ―――― of St. Colomb, Joseph, ii. 253, 254 ―――― of Trevego, Martha and Reginald, iii. 187 ―――― of St. Wenowe, ii. 90 Hawkins, i. 54, 243, 391, 407. Christopher 357 bis, 358, 364. Sir Christopher 8, 46, 258, 358, 392, 403. Henry 45, 259 ter. Jane 357. John 274, 275, 357 quat. John and John Heywood 358. Dr. John 417. Rev. John and Joseph 259. Mary 357, 364. Philip 357 ter. Thomas 356, 357 quat., 358. Rev. Mr. of Blissland 259. Family 54, 243, 391, 407. Arms 45.――Sir Christopher, ii. 148, 354, 358. His opinion of Ictis 20, 206. Rev. Mr. 258, 260. Family 281.――Sir Christopher, iii. 271 bis, 423. His discovery and working of a lead and silver mine 272. John 270. Rev. John, D.D. 268, 381. Of Pennance 356, 362. Rev. Dr. 196. Mary 367. Philip 268, 271, 354, 356, 367. Rev. Mr. of Sithney 441. Mr. a pupil of Dr. Borlase 53. Mr. his paper on Geology 100. Family 197, 363.――Rev. Mr. Towednack, iv. 53. Family 161 Hawkins of St. Austell, Barbara and Henry, i. 376. Grace 419, 422. Henry 419, 423 ―――― of Creed, i. 45, 346, 387 ―――― of Gonrounson, i. 392. Philip 387 ―――― of Helston, i. 45. John 260 bis.――Thomas, iii. 113 ―――― of Pennance, Ann and Barbara, i. 259, 260. Elizabeth 55, 259, 260. George 259. Gertrude and Grace 260. Henry 259 ter. Jane 259. John 255, 260. John, D.D. 257, 259 bis. Mary 259 bis. Philip 55, 255 bis, 257, 259 bis, 350. Arms 255.――Ann and Philip, ii. 242. Family 217 ―――― of Pennemer, John, D.D. i. 418 ―――― of Penzance, Mary, iii. 136 ―――― of Trewinard, i. 356, 364, 366 bis. Christopher 259, 350. Thomas 346 bis, 349, 356, 357. Arms 349.――Christopher, iii. 136, 196. Christopher of Helston and 367. Jane 136.――In St. Earth, and Trewithan in Probus, Sir Christopher, ii. 217 ―――― of Trewithan, Christopher, iii. 368 bis. Henry and John 368. Philip 368 bis. Thomas 362, 368 ter. Miss 368 Hawksley, Rev. J. W. of Redruth, iii. 390 Hawkyns, Sir John, iv. 86 Hawley, ii. 292. Dr. 233 ―――― of Dartmouth, John, ii. 294 Hawtys Brygge, iv. 255 Hay, i. 187. Account of 411――ii. 353, 354 Haydon, Mr. schoolmaster at Leskeard, iii. 18. Determined the longitude of Leskeard 19 Hayford haven, iii. 74, 110 Hayle, i. 359, 364 bis――ii. 83, 214 ―――― causeway, iii. 386 ―――― harbour, improved, iii. 341 ―――― parish, iii. 339, 342, 343 ―――― port of, ii. 261, 264 ―――― river, i. 344, 350, 359, 377――iii. 5, 6, 125, 128, 339, 426. Estuary of 5, 11 Hayleford channel, i. 236 Hayman, Richard, iv. 18 Hayme, Isabel, iii. 324. John 315, 324 Hayne, in Devon, ii. 122 bis ―――― of Treland, John, ii. 320 Haynes burrow, ii. 1 Headon village, iv. 41 Heale, Mr. ii. 151, 228, 319.――Miss, iv. 129――Family, i. 28, 107, 177. Arms 107 ―――― of Battlesford, ii. 137 ―――― or Hele of Benetts, Edmund, iv. 152. George and Lucy 152, 154. Warwick 154. Name and arms 152 ―――― of Brading, Lucy, ii. 235 ―――― of Devon, Ellis, iii. 234 ―――― of Fleet, Honor, and Sir Thomas, iii. 225. Family 211 ―――― of Wembury, i. 65 Hearle, Dr. James, and Rev. Mr. i. 298. Family, ib.――ii. 99, 270 ―――― of Buryan, i. 359, 360 ―――― of Penryn, John, i. 423.――Mr. ii. 97. Mr. worked Poldice mine, and possessed one third of the lands 134. Mr. the last of Penryn 99. Family 354.――Betty, iii. 440. Thomas 303. Family 8 Hearn, ii. 186 Hearne, i. 307――iii. 332 ――――’s Appendix to Adam de Domerham, iv. 26 Heart, Dr. Robert, ii. 151. His arms 152.――Family, iii. 391 ―――― of St. Germans, ii. 152 ―――― of Manhyniet, ii. 152 ―――― of Tencreek family, ii. 152 Heckens family, iii. 83. Richard, of St. Ives 88 Hector, iii. 417, 418 bis, 420 Hedgeland, J. P. iii. 264 bis Hedgeland’s prints of St. Neot’s windows, ii. 396 Hedingham castle, Essex, iii. 424 Hedui, i. 107 Hele family, iii. 250, and heiress, iv. 136 ―――― of Boscome, Devon, Rebecca and Thomas, iii. 297 Helen, Empress of Rome, i. 237 Helena, St. iii. 187.――Mother of Constantine, ii. 153. A monastery built by 37 ―――― St. island, Dr. Maskelyne’s voyage to, ii. 222 Helfon harbour, i. 38 Helford channel, iii. 124 ―――― river, i. 242――iii. 63, 126 bis, 127, 138 ―――― village, iii. 113 Helie, i. 2 Heligan, ii. 126 Heligon, i. 424. Account of 419 Heliotropium corymbosum, iv. 182 Hella in Camburne, ii. 141 Hellanclose, account of, i. 293 Helland parish, i. 60――ii. 340――iii. 64, 74 HELLAND parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, antiquities, value, patron, land-tax, incumbent, Bocunyan, ii. 151. Barton of Helland, etymology of the word barton 152. By Tonkin, etymology 152. Saint, Gifford family 153. By Editor, etymology of barton, Penhargard manor, Broads barton, Glynn family 153. Statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 154 Hellas river, ii. 330 Helldon rectory, Norfolk, ii. 152 Hellegar manor, account of, i. 264 ―――― of Hellegar, Sibill, and arms, i. 265 Hellesbury park, ii. 402.――Helsbury, iii. 223 Helleston lake, iii. 442 ―――― manor, iii. 442 bis Hellman, Miss, iii. 191 Hellnoweth, nunnery at, iii. 126 Helston borough, account of, ii. 156. First charter 158. Payment of rates 159. Patron, former representatives, letter on the reform as affecting it 160. Hospital of St. John 136, 137, 163. A coinage town 301. Coinage hall 163. Agreeable society, market house 164. Foray, and practice of bowling 165. Road to 215. Alexander Pendarves, burgess for 98. Etymology 158. Corporation 8, 9.――Burgesses of, iii. 15. Road to Falmouth from 63. William Noye, attorney-general, M.P. for 152. John Rogers, M.P. 445.――Road from Truro to, iv. 4 Helston castle, iv. 228 ―――― church, ii. 136 bis, 192――iii. 384 ―――― and Kerrier hundred, i. 38 ―――― manor, i. 74 ―――― manor in Kerrier, ii. 137, 401, and its stannaries 155 ―――― in Trigg, ii. 137, 401, 404――iii. 223 ―――― parish, i. 1, 3, 77, 115, 123, 136, 153, 356――ii. 140――iii. 47, 127 bis, 128, 421, 441, 442, 443, 446 ter.――iv. 6 HELSTON parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, manor in Alfred’s days, a coinage town temp. Edward 1st, privileges, ii. 155. Form of writ, Castle-Werre, arms of the borough, Edward 1st frequented it for pleasure 156. Chief inhabitants, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land-tax, thunder-storm 157. By Tonkin, hospital ibid. By Editor, etymology, contest for elective franchise, first charter 158. Payment of rates, election petition 159. Heraldic visitation, patron, representatives of borough, Reform Bill 160. Letter upon 161. Church injured by a storm, new church, St. John’s hospital, removal of the coinage hall 163. Agreeable society, annual festival 164. The foray 165. Musical air preserved from the British, and found in Scotland and in Ireland, statistics, and Geology by Dr. Boase 166 ―――― tenants, i. 75 ―――― village, ii. 405 ―――― Chaumond manor, iii. 442 Helvetians, i. 107 Helya, prior of Glastonbury, iv. 27 Helyar, Weston, iv. 9 ―――― of East Coker, Somersetshire, Rachel, iii. 165. Weston 165 bis, 346. Family 346 Hemley of Trefreke, John and arms, i. 384 Hendarsike, etymology, iv. 22 Hender, i. 369, 370 Hender, Elizabeth, iii. 233. John 233, 234 bis. Family, monuments to 233 Hendersick, lands of, iii. 294 Hendower family, iii. 198 ―――― of Court family, heiress of, ii. 109 bis Hendra, his dream, ii. 300 ―――― or Hendre, account of, i. 234――ii. 68 Hendrawne, iii. 327 Hendre, Mr. iii. 354 Henemerdon, William de, iii. 428 Hengar, account of, iv. 94, 98 Hengist, i. 326 bis Hengiston Downs, iv. 6.――Abound with tin, lines upon, and a battle at, ii. 310 Henlyn, iii. 177, 178. Possessors of 176, 177 Hennaclive cliff, its height, iv. 18 Hennah, Rev. Mr. of St. Austell, iv. 167 Hennock vicarage, ii. 224 Hennot, ii. 274 Henrietta Maria, Queen, i. 398 Henry 5th, Emperor, iii. 28 ―――― 1st, King, i. 296――ii. 148, 239, 249――iii. 140, 332, 456, 462, 463,――iv. 77, 82 bis, 169.――His daughter, i. 296 ―――― 2nd, ii. 87, 147, 155, 170, 249, 415, 422, 426――iii. 139, 140, 225――iv. 71, 81 bis, 82 bis, 84, 140 ―――― 3rd, ii. 69, 89, 95, 118 bis, 119, 130, 145 bis, 149, 235, 249, 403, 422――iii. 14, 15, 27, 140, 149, 268, 269, 316, 438――iv. 15, 105 bis, 128.――His charter to Launceston Priory, ii. 426 ―――― 4th, ii. 93, 107, 180, 235, 260 ter., 282, 394, 398――iii. 14, 22, 27 bis, 66, 111, 117, 125, 129, 132, 134, 140, 225, 226, 302, 307, 323, 374, 437, 438――iv. 16, 22, 43 bis, 44 bis, 68, 96, 102, 112, 139, 153 ―――― 5th, ii. 176 bis, 209, 212, 302, 386――iii. 7, 101 bis, 111, 141, 269, 303, 316, 374, 436. Statue of 295――iv. 13, 101, 138, 143, 144, 145 bis ―――― 6th, i. 169――ii. 39, 71, 89, 107, 149, 153, 182 quat., 183 bis, 209, 235, 251, 260 bis, 299, 315, 335, 353, 354――iii. 101, 116 ter., 141, 147, 255 bis, 294, 318, 323, 324 bis, 459――iv. 43, 101, 132, 139, 141, 145 bis, 146, 156 ―――― 7th, ii. 2, 43, 100, 108 ter., 109 bis, 114, 185, 186 bis, 187, 188, 189, 190 bis, 191 ter., 235, 317, 335, 341, 363, 386――iii. 27, 65 bis, 101, 102 ter., 103 quat., 104, 134, 141, 177, 182, 193, 199, 213, 226, 324, 370, 393, 436――iv. 45, 72, 161.――Insurrection to depose, i. 86.――Gothic architecture of his time, iv. 81 ―――― 8th, ii. 53, 66, 70, 71, 72, 76, 87, 91, 94, 96, 109, 113, 119 bis, 123, 139, 149, 157, 163, 169, 170, 171 bis, 176, 185, 191, 194, 209, 235, 259, 275, 276, 277, 327, 335, 341 ter., 412, 414 bis, 415, 420――iii. 7, 44, 90, 103 quat., 104, 105, 111, 133, 134 bis, 139, 147, 148, 155, 158, 163, 170 bis, 181, 199 quat., 206, 208, 210, 211, 214, 232, 238, 253, 278, 286 bis, 317, 326, 370, 417, 437, 441, 446, 453, 459, 460――iv. 9, 15, 42, 57, 68, 69, 72, 73, 97, 101, 112, 113 bis, 134, 155, 156, 161.――Built St. Mawe’s castle, tradition of, ii. 280. A frigate sunk in his sight near Portsmouth 342 ―――― Prince, iii. 14 ―――― Prince, son of the Conqueror, ii. 211 bis ―――― Prince of Wales, iii. 27, 213.――Farnaby dedicated his Horace to, iv. 87 Hensall Cove, ii. 360 Henshinius, iii. 332 Henwood, Mr. iii. 100.――Family, i. 420 ―――― of Lavalsa, Hugh, i. 421 Herald’s office, iii. 316――iv. 77 ―――― visitation, iii. 83――iv. 106 Heraldic visitations, ii. 338, 423 Heraldry, extract from Upton’s MS. upon, ii. 107 Herbert, Lady Catherine, i. 265――Jane, ii. 107. John 160 ter. William, Earl of Pembroke 107 ―――― of Cherbury, Lord, ii. 348 Herbert’s Festivity of Saints, i. 407 Hercules, i. 341.――Breaking the horn of Achelous, ii. 161.――Pillars of, iv. 168 Hereford, Stanbury, Bishop of, iii. 255 ―――― Cathedral, ii. 33 ―――― and Essex, Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of, i. 63 Herland, copper mine, i. 226――ii. 143 Herle family, i. 125, 394, 397.――Sir John the younger, and Polglass, iii. 294.――Mr. iv. 74. Family 107 Herle of Landew, Edward, his character, Mary, Nicholas, Northmore, his death, iii. 41. Northmore 42 ―――― of Prideaux, Edward, iii. 41 ter.――Family, i. 397 Herme, St. i. 393. His history 393 ―――― St. parish, i. 202――ii. 5 Hernecroft in Stratton, iii. 133 Heron, Rev. John, of Stoke Climsland, iv. 7 Herring, Major, J. B. i. 380. His grandson 381 Hertford, Edward Seymour, Earl of, and Duke of Somerset, iv. 107 Hertfordshire, ii. 64, 65 Hertland, recluse of, iv. 158 Hervey, Rev. Mr. composed his Meditations while curate of Kilkhampton, ii. 352 Herygh, St. iii. 7 bis Herys of Herys, Henry and family, iii. 202 Hesse Cassel, Landgrave of, his bargain for letting out troops, ii. 269 Hessenford, road from Duloe to, iv. 30 Hewish, Matilda de, iv. 112 Hexham, battle of, ii. 260 ―――― cathedral, iv. 43 ―――― diocese, iv. 42 ―――― shire, iv. 42, 43 Hext, Samuel, and arms, i. 44. Mr. 45.――Francis, ii. 393. Rev. F. J. 154――iii. 66. Nicholas 83 Hexworthy barton, account of, iii. 2 Heydon, Mr. an ornament to the country, ii. 388 Heyes, Thomas, i. 9 Heylston, by Leland, iv. 288 Heywood, Anne and James, i. 347.――Sir John’s Chronicle, ii. 198――i. 339 Hickens, Mr. ii. 124 ―――― of Poltair, Mr. iii. 91 Hickes, Cloberry, i. 23. Family 368.――Mr. ii. 259――iv. 74 ―――― of Trevithick, John, i. 416. His father poisoned ibid. Stephen, accidentally shot 417 Hickman, Mr. iv. 74 Hicks, i. 61, 62.――Mr. iv. 68 ―――― of Trenedick, John, iii. 44 Hicks’s Mill village, iii. 38 Hidrock, St. ii. 379 bis Hieroglyphicks of the Druids, i. 192 Higden, Ralph, his Polychronicon, iii. 163 Highlands, iii. 240 Hilarius, Bishop of Poictiers, ii. 338 Hilary point, i. 295 ―――― St. i. 294, 395. Bishop of Poictiers 295 ter.――His history, ii. 167 ―――― or Hillary, St. parish, i. 88, 344, 355――ii. 80, 118, 307――iii. 46, 306, 312.――vicar of, ii. 144 HILARY, ST. parish, Hals’s history of the saint, ii. 167. By Hals, situation, boundaries, name, value of benefice 169. Tregumbo, Treveneage, borough of Marazion, ancient name, situation, Lord, court leet, member of parliament, franchise neglected, fair and markets 170. Land tax, French invaded, and took Mount’s Bay, burnt the town, and fled, defeated at sea 171. History of St. Michael’s Mount, former name, description 172. Lines upon, pilgrimages performed to, disruption from main land, submarine trees, spring 173. Another spring, prospect from the top, Porth-horne, priory 174. Revenues, chapel, Michael’s chair, tombstones, solidity of the roof 175. Built of Irish oak, proprietors, privileges, fairs, roads for anchorage, landing of Sir Robert Knollys 176. Seized by Pomeroy, his confederacy with Prince John 177. Stabs the messenger sent to arrest him, enters St. Michael’s mount by stratagem 178. Richard’s return, John’s submission 179. Pomeroy surrenders, and dies, Richard garrisons the mount 180. Vere family, dispute between the Lords spiritual and temporal 181. Wars of the Roses 182. Perkin Warbeck’s rebellion 186. Siege of Exeter 189. Priory of St. Michael’s mount 191. Murder of Edward the 6th’s commissioner, Arundell’s rebellion 192. Terms sent to the King 194. His answer 195. Second siege of Exeter 196. Sir Anthony Kingston, provost marshall 197. Church and house struck by a ball of fire, wonderful escape of Mr. St. Aubyn Whitaker’s name of the place 199. And etymology, nunnery 200. Leland’s notice of it 201. Church built by Edward the Confessor 202. The chair 204. Its use 205. History of the mount by Editor, the Ictis of Siculus, earliest tradition of the church, lofty situations dedicated to the archangel, St. Kenna imparts virtue to the chair 206. St. Kenna’s well, Keynsham, ammonites at, supposed ancient site of the mount, subterranean trees 207. Dugdale’s account 208. Oliver’s notices, and tanners, St. Edward’s charter 209. Earl of Morton’s 210. King of the Romans 211. Pope Adrian’s bull, suppression of the monastery, proprietor since 212. Saint Aubyns have improved it, geological description 213. Description of the buildings, pier, connection of the mount with romances 214. Antiquity and history of Marazion 215. Considerable families there 216. Treveneage, Tregembo 217. Tregurtha, Ennis, Trevarthen 218. Mines, church and its monuments 219. Mr. Palmer a recusant 220. Mr. Hitchins 221. Dr. Maskelyne’s astronomical voyage to St. Helena, Meyer’s astronomical tables 222. Nautical Almanack 223. Family of Mr. Hitchens 224. Parish feast, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase, also of St. Michael’s mount 225 Hilary, St. term, ii. 120, 334 Hilda, St. petrified serpents, ii. 298 Hill, Otwell, i. 46. Family 31, 210.――Sampson and his arms, ii. 136. Mr. 11.――Alan, iii. 193. Candia and Grace 191. Otwell 191, 193. His arms 191. Rev. Mr. of St. Maben 65.――Richard, iv. 77 ―――― of Carwithenack, i. 241 ―――― of Constantine, ii. 139 ―――― of Croan, John and Michael, i. 371 ―――― of Lancashire family, iii. 191 ―――― of Lydcote family, iii. 252 ―――― of Shilston, Oliver, i. 348 ―――― of Trenethick family, and John, ii. 139 HILL, NORTH, parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient state, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land-tax, principal seats, Trebatha, ii. 226. Battin 227. By Editor, Trebartha 228. Treveniel, patron, rector, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 229 HILL, SOUTH, parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient state, ii. 229. Value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land-tax, Manaton 230. By Tonkin, name, patron, incumbents, Kellyland manor, Manaton ibid. By Editor, Whitaker’s etymology of Manaton, proprietors of Kalliland, patron, church, rector, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 231 Hillman, Rev. Mr. of St. Michael Penkivell, iii. 208.――Rev. Mr. iv. 1 Hills, the highest in Cornwall, i. 132 Hilton manor, iii. 117 bis Hingston downs, i. 152 bis, 159――ii. 23. Kitt hill, the most elevated point of 312 ―――― hill, i. 189 Hippesley, Cox, John and Frances Susanna, ii. 250 Hippia frutescens, iv. 182 Hitchens, i. 282.――Rev. Malachi, ii. 144, 221, 224, 225. The Editor’s notices concerning 221. Filled the office of astronomer royal in Dr. Maskelyne’s absence 222. Assisted in compiling the Nautical Almanack 223. His family, Rev. Richard, Rev. Thomas, Malachy, Fortescue, Josepha 224. Mr. 259, 261.――Rev. Mr. of St. Hilary, iii. 34. Family 286 ―――― of Trungle, Mr. iii. 288 Hiwis family, ii. 256.――Emmeline and family, iv. 16 Hoare, Sir Richard, i. 305 Hoarn, iii. 403 Hobart, Lord, ii. 361. Family 362.――Lord, iii. 5, 405 Hobbs, i. 18, 78――ii. 57. Nicholas and his arms 54.――Rev. Thomas, iii. 213. William 355 Hobby, Sir Thomas, married a dau. of Sir Anthony Cooke, ii. 16 Hoblin, Mr. ii. 143 Hoblyn, i. 45. Edward 216. John 107. Robert 216. Thomas 223.――Rev. Carew, iii. 136. Rev. Edward of Milor 231. Mary 136. Robert 347. Rev. Robert 77, 445. Family 192, 197, 445 ―――― of Bodman, i. 172, 224, 371;――or Hoblin Bridget, ii. 389 ―――― of Bradridge, ii. 57 ―――― of Croan, i. 371. Damaris, Edward 376 bis. Of Crone, Damaris and Edward 260 ―――― of Egleshayle, i. 224 ―――― of St. Enedor, i. 224 ―――― of Gurran, i. 224 ―――― of Helland, i. 224 ―――― of Kenwyn, John, i. 224 ―――― of Leskeard, i. 223 ―――― of Nanswhiddon, i. 160, 161, 223, 371. Anne, Carew 224. Edward 223. Francis, Grace, John, and Mary 224. Richard 223. Robert 210, 226, 223 bis. Rev. Robert 223, 226. Thomas 224. Arms 223.――Family, ii. 113――Edward and Richard, iii. 191. Robert 191, 196 bis ―――― of Penhale, i. 292 ―――― of St. Stephen’s, i. 225 ―――― of Tregleagh, i. 371 ―――― of Trewheler, Edward, i. 387 Hocken, Rev. William, of Phillack, iii. 343, 344 Hocker, Rev. Mr. ii. 413.――Rev. William, of St. Mewan, iii. 198.――Thomas, iv. 3. Mr. 4 bis ―――― of Trewanta, William, iii. 39 Hockin, Miss, ii. 221.――Mr. iii. 223. Mr. of Gwithian 344 Hockyn of Helland and Helston, iv. 95 Hoddy of Pennance, Henry, i. 257 Hodgson, Rev. Charles of St. Tudy, iv. 97 Hoe, the, iii. 108 Holcomb, Mr. iii. 211, 212, 215 Holden, i. 410.――Rev. Mr. ii. 232 Holinshed, i. 108, 246 Holland, ii. 52, 270. Coast of 28. Peace of England and France with 42. War with 245. Tobacco sold cheap in 42.――States of, iii. 186 ―――― of Devon, family, ii. 304 ―――― John, Earl of Huntingdon, i. 341.――Thomas, Earl of Kent, and Thomas, Duke of Surrey, iii. 27 ―――― parish, i. 264 Hollis of Houghton, Notts., Densill Lord Hollis; Gilbert and John, Earls of Clare, iii. 148. Sir William, ancestor of the Duke of Newcastle 147 bis Holrode, Eggerus de, ii. 426, 427 Holwell, Rev. William of Menheneot, iii. 171 bis. His collection of pictures 171. His marriage and death 172. Rev. William of Thornberry, Glouc. and his works 171 Holy hearth, iii. 90 ―――― land, iv. 43 ―――― Trinity churchyard, i. 134 ―――― Trinity, knights of, i. 338 ―――― war, ii. 177――iii. 129, 132――iv. 43 ―――― well in Roach, iii. 393 Holyhead, i. 295 Holywell, i. 291. Description of 292 Homer, iii. 417, 418, 420. Mr. Peters’s Vindication of 68. Holwell’s Beauties of 171. A curious translation from 418. Pope’s 420. Compared 171.――Macpherson’s, ii. 406 Homer well, iv. 35 Honey, Mr. iii. 20 Honorius, Pope, iii. 284 Hoo, Baron, i. 224 ―――― of Hoo, William, i. 224 Hooker, i. 108, 325. Richard 283. Robert 162 bis.――Mr. ii. 157, 420 ―――― Zachariah, of St. Michael Carhayes, iii. 203. His arms 203 ―――― of Trelisick, in St. Ewe, William and Miss, ii. 279 Hope, Mr. i. 321 Hopton, Lord, i. 44. Sir Ralph 113.――King Charles’s general, ii. 343 bis.――iii. 17, 183, 184. Lord, the royalist general 81. Surrendered to Fairfax with 5000 men 189.――Sir Ralph, iv. 13, 14 bis. Lord 14. His ancestor 14 ―――― in the Hole, co. Salop, given to the Norman hunter, whose posterity took the name, iv. 15 Hoquart, a French naval commander, iii. 218 Horace, translation of, iii. 218.――Farnaby’s, iv. 87 Horatius, a Roman tragedy, iv. 97 Hore, of Trenowth, in St. Ewan, ii. 335 Horestone or Orestone, iv. 28 Hornacott manor, iv. 39, 41. A free chapel there 39 ―――― family, iv. 41 Horsey, Joan and Sir John, i. 65 Horsham, Sussex, iv. 87 Horsley, i. 183 ter. Horton, prior of Launceston, ii. 419 Hosatus or Husey, Henry, iii. 206 Hosea, reference to, i. 80 Hosken, Rev. Mr. ii. 89 Hoskin, i. 364. Jochebed 363.――Rev. Mr. ii. 149 bis, 150. Henry 8. Miss, of Looe 249. Mr. and his son, Rev. Mr. mistook Schist for gold ore 21. Family 8.――Mr. of Whitstone, iv. 152 ―――― of Gwithian family, and Rev. Richard, ii. 147 ―――― of Hellanclose, i. 293. Joseph 293 Hoskins, James, iii. 358.――Rev. Nicholas, of Boyton, and Rev. Nicholas of Whitstone, iv. 153. John, of East Looe, and his dau. 37 Hospital of St. James and of St. John at Bridgewater, ii. 412; and of St. John Baptist, at Helston 136 Houghter, sheriff of Cornwall, ii. 186 House of Lords, iii. 405 Houses, foundations of, discovered under sand, iii. 6 Hoveden, Roger, ii. 60, 180. His Chronicle 310 Howard, Elizabeth, and Sir John, ii. 181.――Thomas, Duke of Norfolk, iii. 293――Sir Charles, iv. 41 Howeis, ii. 159 ―――― of Redruth, and Killiou, Edward, John, Reginald, Mr. arms, ii. 304 Howell, i. 108.――Rev. Joshua, ii. 400. Mr. 142. Rev. Mr. universally esteemed 104.――David, iii. 337. Rev. Mr. of Pelynt 291.――Rev. Mr. iv. 29. Mr. 114 Howlett, Sir Ralph, married a dau. of Sir Anthony Cooke, ii. 16 Howse, Richard, ii. 189 Hoya carnosa, iv. 182 Hoyle, copper works at, iii. 343. Iron works 305. Trade of 343 Hucarius, the Levite, ii. 62 Huckmore, Miss, ii. 230 Huddy, i. 243.――Family, iii. 355 ―――― of Nethoway, i. 257 Hudson, the botanist, ii. 331――iii. 173 Hugh, St. history of, i. 414. Miracles done at his shrine 415 Hugh, St. de Quedyock, parish and church, iii. 373 Hughes, Rev. Mr. i. 258 Huish, ii. 292 Hull, ii. 76 Hume, Lord, ii. 9 Humphrey, i. 161 Hungerford, Robert, Lord, ii. 397.――Elizabeth, Francis, Katharine, Mary, Sir Robert, and heiress, iii. 234. Family 353――iv. 136 bis, 143 ―――― of Penheale, i. 378 bis Hunkin, John, iii. 16 bis Hunt, George, i. 101 Hunt of Lanhidrock, George, ii. 381. George 382, 387. His taste 382 ―――― of Mellington, Cheshire, Thos. ii. 381 Hunter, the Norman, his posterity called Hopton, iv. 15 Huntingdon, ii. 76 ―――― John Holland, Earl of, i. 341 Huntingdonshire, i. 369 Hurlers, i. 178, 179, 183 bis, 184 bis, 187――iii. 45.――Descriptions of, i. 184, 196 Hurling at St. Merryn, iii. 179 Hurricane, November 1783, i. 318 Hurris, iii. 202 Hurston, i. 116 Hussey, Richard, his Life, and Mary his widow, ii. 34. John 382, 383. Peter 358.――Rev. John of Okehampton, Devon, iv. 90. Father of Richard 89. His death 90 Hutton, George, iii. 144 Hy or Iä, St. name explained, iv. 313 Hy-Conalls, county of, in Ireland, iii. 434 Hyde, Thomas de la, i. 340.――Edward Earl of Clarendon, iii. 351. Advised the imprisonment of Sir Richard Grenville, and gives a very unamiable character of him, ii. 345 Hydrangea hortensis, iv. 182 Hydrock, St. ii. 383 Hylesbery castle, iv. 228 Hypericum monogynum, iv. 182 Hythe, a cinque port, ii. 38 Hywis family, ii. 400

Iä, St. name explained, iv. 313 Iceland, i. 336 Ictam island, ii. 4 Ictis supposed to be St. Michael’s Mount, ii. 20 Ida or Ide, St. iii. 334 Idalberga, St. iii. 33 Ide, St. manor of, ii. 256 Ideless, de, family, ii. 316 Igerne, Duchess of Cornwall, i. 327, 329, 330 ter., 331, 332 sex. Ilcombe, account of, ii. 346 Ilfracombe, i. 131 Ilia, an Irish saint, ii. 257 Iliad, iii. 420 Illigan, Illogan, Illugan or Illiggan parish, i. 160――ii. 380, 388, 389 bis――iii. 145――iv. 128.――Living of, ii. 243――iii. 239 Illogan parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, ii. 234. Lordship of Tyhiddy, Basset family 235. Angove family 236. Carne Bray, Carne Kye 237. By Tonkin, Tehidy, Carnekie tinwork Nance 238. Tehidy 239. By Editor, etymology, St. Illuggen, Tehidy 240. Menwinnion copper mine, and populousness of the parish, iron tram-road, commenced by Lord Dunstanville on the jubilee 241. Basset family 242. Memoir of Lord de Dunstanville 243. Nautical affairs after the seven years’ war 246. French Revolution 247. Peerage conferred on Sir F. Basset, his private character 249. Parish, statistics, and Geology by Dr. Boase 250 Illuggen, St. ii. 240 Impropriation of benefices, the first in England, iii. 114. Present number 115 Inceworth manor, account of, iii. 105 Index to Carew’s Survey of Cornwall, iv. 381 Index Rhetoricus and Oratoricus, iv. 87 India, iii. 187, 188 bis, 218.――Mr. Cole distinguished as an engineer in, iv. 9 ――――, East, college, iii. 95 ――――, East company, iii. 188 ―――― fleet, iii. 187. Ship 187 Indian Queens, i. 227 bis Ingangén, St. village, ii. 385 Ingham, John de, i. 246 Ingulphus, Abbot of Croyland, i. 240 Inis Alga, iv. 67 Inis Cathaig, iii. 434 Iniscaw island, by Leland, iv. 266 Inispriven, by Leland, iv. 287 Inkpen family, iii. 346 Inlet, ii. 430 Inney river, iv. 70 Innis, account of, i. 396; or Enys, ii. 93 Innocent 3rd, Pope, i. 110, 312――iv. 36 ―――― 4th, i. 176 ―――― 5th, Pope, i. 110 Inns of court, ii. 71 Inquisition, i. 312, 315. Establishment of 311 Inquisition of Oliver Sutton Bishop of Lincoln, and John de Pontifexia Bishop of Winchester, into the value of Cornish benefices, i. 16, 22, 32, 38, 42, 52, 60, 63, 107, 112, 115, 118, 129, 135, 167, 174, 197, 202, 209, 213, 230, 236, 246, 253, 261, 289, 294, 301, 304, 311, 316, 323, 344, 367, 377, 383, 386, 393, 404, 407, 409, 413――ii. 36, 49, 59, 80, 86, 89, 92, 106, 118, 126, 129, 141, 146, 151, 157, 169, 226, 230, 232, 234, 240, 251, 253, 257, 273, 275, 282, 291, 299, 309, 315, 319, 332, 340, 354――iii. 60, 64, 75, 78, 101, 110, 118, 124, 128, 139, 161, 168, 176, 182, 190, 195, 198, 208, 222, 224, 237, 391, 402, 419, 421, 425, 428, 436, 441, 448, 456, 462――iv. 1, 7, 12, 19, 43, 48, 50, 52, 61, 63, 66, 70, 93, 99, 110, 116, 124, 128, 131, 137, 152, 155, 160, 161 Inquisition, Wolsey’s, i. 22, 28, 32, 38, 42, 52, 61, 63, 107, 112, 118, 129, 133, 135, 153, 160, 167, 174, 197, 202, 209, 213, 230, 236, 243, 246, 253, 261, 289, 294, 301, 304, 308, 311, 316, 323, 344, 367, 378, 383, 386, 393, 404, 407, 410, 413――ii. 36, 51, 59, 80, 86, 89, 90, 92, 106, 116, 118, 126, 130, 136, 141, 146, 151, 157, 169, 226, 230, 232, 234, 240, 251, 253, 258, 273, 275, 282, 291, 299, 309, 315, 319, 332, 340, 354――iii. 60, 64, 75, 78, 101, 118, 124, 128, 139, 161, 168, 177, 182, 190, 195, 199, 208, 222, 232, 237, 354, 391, 402, 419, 421, 425, 436, 441, 448, 462――iv. 1, 7, 12, 19, 48, 50, 53, 61, 66, 71, 93, 97, 110, 116, 128, 131, 137, 152, 155, 160, 164, 185 ―――― post mortem, iv. 56 Inscriptions made by Leland at St. Mawe’s castle, iv. 273 Inspeximus, iv. 83 Intrenchment at Trove, i. 143 Intsworth, i. 36.――Manor, account of, iii. 251 Inundations of sand, iii. 6 Ipswich, ii. 76 Ireland, I. 115, 295, 336, 373――iii. 277 bis, 290, 336, 342, 408, 431, 433 bis, 434――iv. 173.――Kings of, i. 328.――St. Patrick, the Apostle of, ii. 65. Perkin Warbeck proclaimed Lord of 188. Cleared of serpents by St. Patrick 298. Sir Richard Grenville undertakes to people 342. Lord Robarts Lord Lieutenant of 379.――Apostle of, iii. 364. Missionary saints of 7 Irish channel, i. 60――iii. 254 ―――― church, iii. 434 ―――― court, ii. 188 ―――― kings, ten maintained miraculously by St. Perran, iii. 313 ―――― men, i. 295 ―――― oak, St. Michael’s church built of, ii. 176 ―――― saints, iii. 331 ―――― sea, i. 230, 245, 289, 322, 382――ii. 48, 86, 145, 234, 257, 282――iii. 11, 139, 175, 176, 237, 429――iv. 42, 52, 66, 164 ―――― wars, iv. 75, 116 Iron Acton, Gloucestershire, iv. 86 Isaac, i. 325.――His Memorials of Exeter, ii. 189, 196――iv. 111 Isabel, Princess, i. 130 Isabella, Queen of Edward 2nd, ii. 142 Isey, St. iii. 190 Isidore, Cardinal, ii. 370 Iske or Ex river, i. 342 Isle of Wight, ii. 76 Isleworth, poor of, iii. 153 Issey or Issy, St. parish, i. 115, 212――iii. 334, 335 ISSEY, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, Mr. Tonkin’s character of Cornish attornies, the Warne suit, ii. 253. Guardian saint, St. Giggy’s Well, Halewyn, Cannall-Lidgye 254. Trevance, Trevorike 255. Carthew mine 256. By Editor, name of the church, impropriators, monuments, St. Ide manor, Blayble ibid. Statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 257 Italian people, claim the appearance of St. Michael, ii. 172 ―――― romances, ii. 214 Italy, i. 206――ii. 244, 369, 371 bis, 372, 375――iii. 121, 171, 186, 187, 401――iv. 101――Thomas Paleolagus retires to, ii. 367, 368. Removes from 370 Ithal, King of Gwent, i. 10 Iva, Dinas, i. 412 ―――― St. iii. 342 Ive or Ivo, St. i. 151. History of 412 Ive’s, St. bay, ii. 150――iii. 5, 339.――Its sand composed almost entirely of powdered shells, ii. 262 ―――― St. borough, ii. 128――iv. 58.――Charters, extent of franchise, arms, form of writ, ii. 258. Sir F. Basset’s cup, and inscription upon 259, 271. John Payne mayor of 198.――Members of Parliament for, Mr. Borlase, iii. 51, 84. James Halse 91. William Noye 143, 152. Mr. Praed 9, 10 ―――― St. lordship, iii. 46, 123 ―――― St. parish, i. 344――ii. 215, 224, 229, 237, 286――iii. 5 bis, 7, 173, 371, 435――iv. 52, 53 bis. By Leland 267.――Its living, i. 354 IVE’S, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, saint, ancient name, value of benefice, ii. 257. Patron, incumbent, rector, land tax, former name of the town, Pendennis Island, road for ships, Ludduham manor, borough of St. Ive’s, its franchise, arms, form of writ 258. Chief inhabitants, first charter, Trenwith 259. By Tonkin, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriator, former state of the town 260. Old chapel, roadstead, fishing, chief inhabitants, custom house officers, Trenwith 261. By Editor, present importance of the borough, methods of fishing for pilchards ibid. Manner of preserving, and nature of the fish 263. Pier, Praed’s Act, mode of preserving fishing nets, nets introduced from Dungarvon 264. Singular custom, Rev. Mr. Toup 265. Mr. Knill 266. His monument 267. Transport from the West Indies driven into St. Ive’s 268. Stephens family 269. Effect of reform bill, salubrity of the town, plague of 1647, escape of the Stephens family, fever of 1786, cup given by Sir Francis Basset, inscription upon it, arms of the town 271. Church, view of the town, parish feast, St. Eury, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 272 ―――― St. town, i. 228, 403 bis, 412――iii. 6 Ivonis, St. or St. John Baptist, i. 409

Jack, Richard, family, ii. 279 Jackman, Rev. William, ii. 31――Hugh, iii. 327 ―――― of Treworock, i. 177 Jackson, musical composer, iii. 220 ―――― of Truro, Jane and John, i. 204 Jacob, i. 241 ―――― St. ii. 232 Jacobstow parish, ii. 86――iii. 275, 352, bis, 353――iv. 59, 124, 125, 131, 136 JACOBSTOW parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, Penfon, ii. 232. By Tonkin, patron saint, etymology ibid. By Editor, from Lysons, Southcott ibid. Penhallam, Berry Court, history of Mr. Degory Weare 233. Statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 234 Jago, John, family, i. 10.――John, ii. 136, 137. Rev. E. V. 376. Rev. William 136, 137. Family 5 ―――― of Innis, Agnes and Jane, i. 399. John 397 bis, 398 ter., 399 bis. Itai 397, 399 bis. Arms 397, 399. Etymology 397 ―――― King, i. 397 Jagoe, i. 416 Jamaica, iii. 219 bis. Expedition to 86. Mr. Price settled there 86. Sir Rose Price visited 87.――Sir William Trelawney, Governor of, iv. 37 James, Henry, i. 277.――Thomas, ii. 160 bis――Pascoe, iii. 387. Dr. Thomas, his Bodleian Catalogue, and Introduction to Divinity 155 ―――― of St. Columb, Anne and Mr. iii. 445 ―――― of St. Keverne, W. iv. 33 ―――― King, ii. 10. His reign and death 100 ―――― 1st, King, ii. 30, 56 bis, 65, 66, 93, 95, 155, 213, 269, 277, 294, 382――iii. 75, 81, 83, 92, 104 bis, 132, 134, 142, 163 bis, 183, 184, 212, 239, 281, 303, 314, 318, 337, 350, 449, 463――iv. 2, 34, 67, 87, 88, 140, 161 ―――― 2nd, ii. 22, 112, 227, 258――iii. 143, 201, 237, 238, 268, 297, 298 ter.――iv. 72, 85.――Distich upon, i. 105 ―――― 4th, King of Scotland, ii. 186 ―――― St. the Apostle, ii. 107, 338――iii. 161. His day 161, 309. Festival 439. Images of 309 ―――― St. chapel of, iii. 309 ―――― St. church at Compostella, ii. 107 ―――― St. minor church, i. 299, 300 ―――― St. hospital at Bridgewater, ii. 412 ―――― St. hospital, Westminster, ii. 148, 149 ―――― St. manor, Westminster, ii. 148. How obtained 145. Contradicted 147. Exchanged for Conerton 140 ―――― St. palace, Westminster, ii. 149 ―――― St. priory, Bristol, i. 288――ii. 147, 148 Jane, Nicholas, i. 215.――Thomas, ii. 16. Dr. William, Rev. Mr. Rector of Iron Acton, and Mr. schoolmaster, Truro 17.――Rev. Joseph of Truro, iv. 76. Mr. master of Truro school, was a native of Leskeard; Dr. William, Dean of Gloucester, his declaration 85. Epigrams on, and Rev. J. son of the master 86 J’Ans, Wrey, ii. 416 Jansen, Cornelius, a picture by, iii. 156 Janus, image of, iii. 144 Jasminus revolutum, iv. 182 Jeffery, Rev. George, of Linkinhorne, iii. 44 Jeffries, Henry, i. 272. Family 274 Jeffry, John, i. 10 Jenkin, Peter, i. 216.――Henry and Perkin, iii. 387. Mr. 91. Family 83 Jenkins, Grace, i. 363.――Rev. David, ii. 115. Mary 308. Mr. 124 Jenkyn, James, i. 223 ―――― of Trekyning, i. 223. Anne and James 262. Peter 223.――Family, iv. 139 Jennings, i. 36 Jerusalem, i. 307, 382, 411――ii. 414 ―――― Knights of St. John of, ii. 180 Jesuit confessor to Louis 14th, ii. 407 ―――― missionaries, supposed to know Pope Gregory’s letter to St. Mellitus, ii. 290 Jesuits, a college of, iv. 86 Jesus chapel, St. Colomb Major, i. 214 Jew, Cornish for, ii. 200 ―――― family, iii. 270 Jews, their cruelty and consequent persecution in England, i. 414 Jews’ houses, ii. 215 Jewyn, John, i. 83 Job, Editor’s remarks upon the book of, iii. 69 John or Ivan, i. 2 ―――― William, i. 277.――George, ii. 124.――Rev. Ralph, iii. 326. Family 94 ―――― of Gaunt, iii. 65 ―――― of Rosemorron and Penzance, George, iv. 166 John, King, ii. 118, 130, 158, 249, 310, 423, 426――iii. 169, 433――iv. 71 bis, 144.――Founder of Beaulieu Abbey, with his reasons, ii. 327.――Made Truro a coinage town, iv. 73. Built the coinage hall there 72.――Prince, afterwards king, ii. 180. His treason, possessed of several castles, pursued, fled, deprived of bis estates, submitted, was pardoned 179 John, King of France, ii. 39 ―――― a monk of Glastonbury, iv. 27 ―――― St. the Baptist, iii. 316.――St. Andrew and St. Peter his disciples, iv. 100. Pointed out Jesus to them 101 ―――― St. the Evangelist, ii. 64――iv. 165.――His emblem, an eagle, ii. 363.――His gospel, iii. 408 ―――― St. cognizance of the order of, ii. 163.――Knights of, i. 296――ii. 180――iii. 78, 80 John’s, St. college, Oxford, ii. 407 ―――― St. hospital, Bridgewater, ii. 412 ―――― St. the Baptist’s hospital at Jerusalem, iii. 441 ―――― St. the Baptist’s hospital in London, iii. 441 ―――― St. the Baptist’s hospital at Sithney, ii. 157――iii. 441 bis. Account of 441. Little known of, Leland’s account of, site pointed out by a stone 446 ―――― St. parish, i. 32――iii. 101, 374 JOHN’S, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, saint, ii. 250. Ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax. By Tonkin, manor of Intsworth 251. By Editor, Hals’s history of the Evangelists, real and legendary ibid. Tregenhawke manor by Lysons, patron, excavation in a cliff, church, statistics, rectors, Geology by Dr. Boase 252 ―――― St. street, London, i. 411 Johns, Henry, i. 273.――Stephen, ii. 55 ―――― of Trewince, Stephen, ii. 57 Johnson, Richard, i. 307.――Dr. iii. 49.――His correspondence with Macpherson, ii. 406.――Rev. W. M. of Perran Uthno, iii. 312. Mr. of St. Paul’s Churchyard 34 Jolliffe, John, iv. 60 Jone, i. 2 Jones, Rev. Cadwallader, ii. 415. Edward, his Relics of the Welsh Bards 166.――Henry, iii. 429. Judge 144 Jones of Wales, i. 416 Jonson, Ben, ii. 22. His lines to Charles 1st, iii. 146 Jope, Rev. J. i. 413――ii. 272 Jordan of Dundagell, i. 331, 332 Joseph, Michael, i. 86 bis.――iii. 388. Hanged, i. 87 ―――― of Arimathea, St. iii. 262 Jowle, i. 23 Jubilee of 1809, ii. 241 Julette, St. iv. 112 Julian, St. iii. 55 Juliana, i. 2 Juliet, St. ii. 273. Account of 274 Juliot, St. parish, ii. 86――iii. 232, 275 Julius, St. Pope and Confessor, ii. 273, 274 ―――― Cæsar, iii. 79――iv. 169 Julyot, St. chapel, ii. 274 bis JULYOT, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, saint, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, land tax, ii. 273. By Tonkin, patrons, saint 273. By Editor, saint from Whitaker ibid. Two St. Julyots, the present church formerly only a chapel, afterwards a parochial curacy, legend of the saint, her day, Rawle family, patrons of the benefice, statistics 274. Vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase 275 ―――― St. rectory, ii. 274 Juncus, St. not in the Roman Calendar, iii. 292 Junius, letters of, ii. 245 Jupiter, i. 295.――Ammon, ii. 297 ――――’s thunderbolt, ii. 132 Just, St. Archbishop of Canterbury, ii. 279, 282. Account of 287 ―――― St. Archbishop of Lyons, life of, ii. 279. His day 279, 280 ―――― St. parish, i. 26――ii. 2, 50 bis, 265, 272――iii. 51, 242, 425 bis, 428, 429――iv. 117.――Dr. Borlase, Vicar of, iii. 51 JUST, ST. parish, near Penzance, by Hals, situation, boundaries, saint, ancient state, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriator, land tax, etymology, Pendeyn, Bray, ii. 282. Chapel Carne Bray, view from, greatness of the Bray family 283. St. Ewny’s chapel, table of the seven kings 284. By Tonkin, Mayne Scriffer. By Editor, Pendeen ibid. Excavation near, Cove, Botallock, mines at 285. Busvargus, impropriation of tithes, patron, incumbent, Rev. J. Smyth the curate 286. Parish feast, history of St. Just 287. Celebration of birthdays 288. Letter from Pope Gregory to St. Mellitus 289. Statistics, vicar, patron, name, Geology by Dr. Boase 290. Botallock mine, parish affords most specimens of British minerals, and abounds in interesting objects 291 Just in Roseland, ii. 228.――Curacy, iii. 67 JUST, ST. in Roseland parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient state, value of benefice, endowment, patron, ii. 275. Incumbent, land tax, borough of St. Mawe’s, courts leet, lords of the manor, two members, market, fair, arms, form of writ, castle, ii. 276. Emoluments of its officers, history of its governors 277. Lines on Capt. Rouse, emoluments of the officers at Pendennis castle 278. By Tonkin, patron of living ibid. Treveres, Rosecossa, Tolcarne, by Editor, saint, comments on his history, his day 279. St. Mawe, his life, the castle, tradition of Henry VIII. Franchise conferred by Elizabeth, invariably a close borough till the Reform Bill 1832, 280. Corrack road, Leland’s inscription on the castle walls, advowson, incumbent, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 281 Just, St. Pool, ii. 281 Just, St. or Justinian by Leland, iv. 285 Justicia adatota, iv. 182 Justinian, Emperor, ii. 37 Justus, St. Bishop of Rochester, iii. 284 Jutsworth, i. 203 Juvenal, iv. 87.――Sentiment of, iii. 273

Kaine or Kayne, St. parish, iii. 13, 245 Kainsham, ii. 292 Kalerso, manor of, in Hilary and Sithney, iii. 359 Kambton, now Camelford, ii. 402 Kanane or Lelant, i. 2 Karentocus, St. church, iv. 112 Karn Boscawen, i. 141 Karnbree castle, iv. 228 Karnedon, ii. 427 Katherine, Princess, daughter of Edward 4th, i. 64 ―――― St. i. 157 Kaye, Rev. Sir Richard, Dean of Lincoln, ii. 286 Kea parish, iii. 222; or St Kea. Ferry to 212.――ii. 315, 357 ―――― St. ii. 24. His history 306 Keate, i. 405. Capt. Ralph 216. Etymology 224 ―――― of Bosworgy, i. 224. Sir Jonathan, Capt. Ralph, and arms ibid. Kebius, St. honoured in his own country, ii. 338 Keckewich or Keckewitch of Catchfrench, George, ii. 68 bis. John 68. Arms, ib.――iii. 169 ―――― of Essex, ii. 68――iii. 169 Keckwitch of Tregleale, and arms, i. 372 ―――― of Trehawke, i. 372. See Kekewich Keen, iii. 82. John 395 ―――― of Roach, i. 234 Keeper, Lord, ii. 52 Kegwin family, iii. 216 ――――of Newlyn, i. 148 Keigwin, John, i. 109 ―――― or Keigwyn of Mousehole, James, iii. 444. Jenken, killed by the Spaniards, the fatal ball preserved 287. John 86. John, his works 288. Parthenia 86. Family 90, 288, 328. Estates sold 288 Keir, Mr. ii. 219 Kekewich, i. 131.――Mr. iii. 172. Mr. M. P. 19, 20.――Samuel, iv. 97 ―――― of Hall, Mr. Peter, and arms, ii. 410 ―――― of Trehawke, Peter, iii. 169. Miss 237 Kelland Lands, ii. 294 ―――― of Peynsford, Devon, ii. 385 Kellaton parish, i. 153――iii. 161 Kellaway of Egge, John, ii. 110 bis KELLINGTON parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, manor and borough, court leet, members to parliament, ii. 309. Arms, market, and fairs, form of writ, Hengiston Downs, battle at, tin in, Bray family 310. Creation of a knight banneret. By Tonkin, saint, etymology 311. By Editor, saint, life of St. Nicholas 312. Proprietors of the manor, legal mistake of the Earl of Orford 313. Statistics, and Geology by Dr. Boase 314 Kellio, i. 54 bis. Richard 54 Kelliow, in Cornelly, iii. 361 ―――― John, ii. 398.――Richard, iii. 41 ―――― of Landlake, Christopher, and his arms, ii. 399 Kelly, i. 383 ―――― of Trewint, Thomas, iii. 170 Kellyfreth, ii. 304 Kellygreen manor, iv. 97 Kellyland, account of, ii. 230, 231 Kellyow, i. 319. Arms 320 ―――― of Rosillian, i. 53 Kellysberye castle, iv. 229 Kelsey, i. 292, 293 Kemell of Kemell, Elizabeth, Pearce, Pierce, and arms, i. 265 Kempe, i. 8, 20――ii. 54, 58. Anna Coryton and Admiral Arthur 58. Rev. John, vicar of Fowey 48. Nicholas 54. Sir William 58. Mr. 97. Arms 54.――Arthur, and Rev. Charles T. of St. Michael Carhayes, iii. 207. Family 75.――Robert, iv. 77 ―――― of Carclew, Samuel, ii. 57 ―――― of Chelsea, Nicholas, ii. 58 ―――― of Lavethan in Blissland, Humphrey, ii. 56. Richard 58 ―――― of Newington, Surrey, John, ii. 58 ―――― of Olantigh in Wye, Kent, family, ii. 58 ―――― of Penryn, James, i. 17――James and James, iii. 76. Jane 229. John 76. Samuel 225 bis, 228. Built a house at Cartlew 225, 228. Miss 74 ―――― of Roseland, Miss, ii. 307 ―――― of Rosteage, or Rosteague, Nicholas, ii. 58――iii. 76 ―――― of Tregony, Richard, iv. 118 Kempethorne, family monuments, iii. 255. Name 256 ―――― of Tonacombe, family, iii. 255 Kempton, ii. 81 Ken, Thomas, Bishop of Bath and Wells, iii. 296, 299 Kendall, i. 211.――Rev. Nicholas, ii. 393. Archdeacon Nicholas 391. Rev. Mr. 59. Monuments 391.――Charles, M.D. iii. 41. His daughter 42. Family monuments 253.――Rev. Mr. of Talland, iv. 38. Family 38 ―――― of Killigarth, Archdeacon, iii. 41, 437 ―――― of Medroff, Miss, ii. 89 ―――― of Middlesex, Colonel James and his son, Thomas, and Archdeacon, iv. 23. Family 23 ―――― of Pelyn, i. 205 bis. Rev. Nicholas 352.――Walter, ii. 391.――Jane and Walter, iii. 186 ―――― of Treworgye, i. 244, 318 bis, 319. John and Richard 318. Arms 319 Kendred, i. 200 Kenegie, account of by Editor, ii. 123, 124. Etymology 124 Kenn, deanery of in Devon, iii. 372 Kenna, St. ii. 207――iii. 120. A monk 206. She imparted virtue to St. Michael’s chair 206. To her well near Liskeard, her history, converted vipers into ammonites 207 ――――’s, St. well, ii. 207 Kennal manor, iv. 3 Kenneggy, account of, by Hals, ii. 121, 122 Kenrick cove, ii. 117, 331 bis Kensham family, ii. 320 Kent county, i. 259――ii. 38――iii. 10, 284.――Coast of, iv. 169.――People brave, i. 88. Rebels enter 87.――Lands drowned in, iii. 310. Weald of 10 ―――― Earl of, i. 87.――Hugo de Burgh, ii. 428.――Godwyn, iii. 310. Hubert de Burgh 349. Thomas Holland 27 ―――― Ethelbert, King of, ii. 284 ―――― Nicholas, i. 12. Thomas 260.――John, killed by a thunderbolt, ii. 132 Kentigern, St. i. 306 Kenwen, Kenwin, or Kenwyn parish, iv. 70, 75, 79, 80, 92 bis ―――― street, Truro, iv. 76 bis, 80. Has a church of its own 76 Kenwin parish, iii. 313. Three barrows and four barrows in 322 Kenwyn church, iii. 367――iv. 76, 77, 80 ―――― parish, i. 177, 202――ii. 298, 299, 302 KENWYN parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, Edles, St. Clare’s well, ii. 315. Tregavethan 316. By Tonkin, Tregarvethan ibid. Three barrows, Roseworth 317. By Editor, includes old Truro, nature of soil, Calenick and Cavedras smelting houses ibid. Manor of Newham, Bosvigo, Comprigney, church conspicuous and commanding a fine view, bells, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 318 Kenyon, i. 391 Keppell, Admiral, court martial upon, ii. 246. Bishop of Exeter 224 Kerantakers, St. i. 249 Kerhender, i. 2 Keri, i. 2 Kerrier hundred, i. 32, 118, 135, 236, 301――ii. 358――iii. 59, 74 bis, 75 bis, 110, 111, 124, 224, 228, 257, 416, 419, 421, 441, 442 quat.――iv. 1, 2, 5, 377. See Kerryer ―――― and Helston hundred, i. 38 Kerrocus, St. iv. 112 Kerryer hundred, ii. 1, 80 bis, 92, 116 bis, 126, 129 bis, 136 bis, 155 bis, 319. Etymology of 320 ―――― manor and stannaries, ii. 155 Kerthen, i. 266 bis Kestell, i. 370――iii. 110, 113.――Account of, i. 375――iii. 111 ―――― John, iii. 112. Miss 76. Mr. and two daughters 112. Family 111, 113. Arms 112, 113.――Edward, iv. 77 ―――― of Kestell, i. 370. James and John 371, 375. Arms 371, 374. Crest 375 ―――― of Manacow, i. 371 ―――― of Pendavy, i. 371 bis. Thomas 375 ―――― of Wollas, i. 419 ―――― of Wartha, i. 419 ―――― river, i. 371 Kestvaen found near Pelynt, iv. 32 Keverines, St. by Leland, iv. 270 Keverne, St. visits St. Perran, ii. 324 ―――― church, its lofty situation, spire destroyed by lightning, ii. 325 ―――― parish, ii. 250――iii. 332, 419 KEVERNE, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriation, remarkable places, Treleage, ii. 319. Treland, Condura, and Tregarne manors, Lanarth, singular shipwreck 320. Treatment of the wrecked by the French 323. Arrival of a boat from Ireland 324. By Editor, St. Keverne, numerous coves, Coverack, Porthonstock, Porthalla, shoal of pilchards 324. Situation of church, spire destroyed by lightning during divine service, monuments, sarcophagus to the memory of Major Cavendish and his companions 325. Supposed cause of their wreck, tithes, Kilter 326. Lanarth, former impropriation, property of Beaulieu abbey at its dissolution, King John’s charter to it 327. With translation 328. Afforded sanctuary to Queen Margaret, and to Perkin Warbeck, incumbent of this parish 329. Statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase, geological interest of the Lizard, fragmentary rock near Bostowda 330. Cliffs bold, beautiful heath in the serpentine formation 331 Keveryn, St. by Leland, iv. 288 Kevorall, iii. 119 Kevorne, St. i. 39――iii. 124 ―――― parish, iii. 128 bis, 416, 421 Kew, St. his history by Tonkin, ii. 337 ―――― church, i. 74 ―――― or Kewe, St. parish, i. 168, 173, 382――iii. 64, 74, 240――iv. 42, 44, 93, 94, 95 ter. KEW, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, antiquity, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriator, land tax, chief places, Lanew, ii. 332. Lawsuit for 333. Bokelly, Trearike 335. Dower bank, Tregeare, Penpons, Chappell Amble, Middle Amble 336. By Tonkin, patron saint, impropriator 337. Incumbent, ancient name 338. By Editor, St. Kew or Kebius, parish fertile, situation of church, Skinden, Trewane ibid. Pedigree of Nicholls, impropriation of tithes, advowson, monuments in church, Editor the descendant of Attorney-General Noye, statistics, incumbent 339. Geology by Dr. Boase 340 Key cross, ii. 300 ―――― manor, account of, ii. 305 ―――― or Keye parish, i. 76, 241――ii. 129 KEY parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, ii. 298. Ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbents, land tax, chief places, Nansavallan 299. Guddarne, strange story of Mr. Bauden, Kelleho, Trelogas 300. Burrow belles, and three other burrows, opened, and stone tomb found within, Curlyghon 301. By Tonkin, etymology, church a daughter to Kenwyn, patron, incumbents, manor of Blanchland, mines upon, lawsuit about 302. Guddern, Nansavallan, Kelliou 303. Trevoster, Kellyfreth, Chasewater 304. Manor of Key 305. By Editor, saint, his boat, Nansavallon ibid. Farm improved, Killiow, removal of church 306. Mr. Reginald Haweis, curious coincidence 307. Trelease, Carlian the birth-place of Sir Tristrem, Chasewater, its chapel, statistics 308. Vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase, Baldue mine 309 Keyewis, ii. 315 Keyn, or Keyne, St. i. 316. British, daughter of Braghan King of Wales, account of by Hals, ii. 292. By Tonkin 293. Keyne, Saxon, account of by Hals 292. By Tonkin 293. Both may be the same 294 KEYNE, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, incumbent, ii. 291. Land tax, saint, her history, another St. Keyne, Copleston family 292. By Tonkin, the two saints 293. By Editor, ancient name from Lysons, proprietors of the manor, St. Keyne’s well, lines on, from Carew 294. Remarks by Tonkin, Bond’s account of 295. Southey’s lines upon 296. The petrified serpents are Cornua Ammonis 297. St. Hilda and St. Patrick’s miracles, the snakes had no heads, St. Brechan, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 298 Keyne’s, St. well, account of by Carew, and verses on, ii. 294. By Tonkin and Bond 295. Southey’s verses on 296 Keynesham, ii. 293. Cornua Ammonis abundant in 297 Keynock castle, iv. 228 Khalcondylas’s account of Thomas Paleolagus, ii. 368 Kiaran, or Kenerin, St., (Perran) iii. 331 Kidlacton, ii. 427 bis Kieran, Bishop, ii. 319 ―――― St. rectory, ii. 319 Kigan, iv. 76 Kilcoid lands, ii. 394 Kildare, Earls of, i. 34. Charles, Earl of 297 Kilgal family, iv. 36 Kilgather, ii. 394 ―――― parish, ii. 398 Kilkhampton manor, possessed by the Grenvilles nearly from the Conquest, ii. 343 ―――― parish, ii. 413――iii. 118, 254, 256, 349, 351――iv. 15, 19 KILKHAMPTON parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, Stowe, ii. 340. Grenville family, erection of Bideford bridge, loss of the Mary Rose frigate 341. The Grenvills 342. Battle of Lansdowne, Orcott. By Editor, account of the Grenville family 343. Gallant encounter of Sir Richard Grenville with the Spaniards of Terceira 344. Mansion at Stowe, Ilcombe 346. Alderscombe, Elmsworthy, monuments in the church, description of one to Sir Beville Grenville 347. Patron of the living, character of Sir Beville 348. His letter to Sir John Trelawney 349. Family continued 350. Dispersion of the materials of Stowe, Alderscombe 351. Hervey’s Meditations composed here, statistics, rector, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 352. Extracts from the register 348 Killaloe, diocese of, iii. 434 Killas hills, iii. 11 Killaton parish, ii. 229 Killcoid, i. 264 Killiganoon, etymology and history of, ii. 34 Killigarth, i. 262 bis, 264.――Miss, ii. 398 Killignock, or Checkenock, iv. 139 ―――― Thomas and his daughter, family, iv. 139 Killigrew barton, i. 399 quat., 403, 411. Account of 398 ―――― i. 136. John 93. Sir John 136. Sir Peter 137 bis. Sir William 65. Monuments 136――ii. 5, 372, 376. Family descended from Richard King of the Romans 8. Lords of Pendennis castle 17. Slighted by Hals 21. Represented by Lord Wodehouse 23. Founded the hospital of St. John at Helston 163. Ann 22. George 5 bis. Killed 5. Henry 5, 22. Sir Henry 7 bis, 15, 372, 373 bis, 376. Obtained from the Bishop of Exeter, the manor of Kirton, now gone from the name 7. His marriage 15. Appointed ambassador to Henry 4th of France, his wife’s Latin letter to her sister Lady Cecil 16. His daughter married to Sir Jonathan Trelawney 16. Ambassador to Venice or Genoa 372. Jane, widow of Sir John, murders two Spanish merchants, tried and convicted, pardoned, but her accomplices sentenced to death 6. Gave a silver cup to the mayor of Penryn 7, 97. Her story cannot be true 21. John 5. Built the town of Falmouth 8. Opposed by the neighbouring boroughs 9. Proceeded with the King’s approbation 10. Sir John 5, 7. Jane his widow 6. Fired his own house 17. Maugan 5. Peter 5. Sir Peter 5 ter., 6, 147. Built a church at Falmouth 3. Annexed the advowson to his manor of Arwinick, buried in the chancel, gave a house and garden to the rector, and a pulpit cloth to the church 4. Procured a charter of incorporation for the borough 8. Thomas, jester to Charles 2nd 14. His reply to Lewis 14th, Reproof of Charles’ extravagance turned against William 3rd, and his court 15. Degraded by common report, his history from the Biographical Dictionary 21. Son of Sir Robert 21. An author, buried in Westminster Abbey, the reverse of Cowley, epigram upon both 22. William 23. Sir William, Bart., wasted his estate 5. Lady 373. Mr. 20. Arms 7.――Sir Henry and his daughter, iii. 169. M. L. and Sir Peter 228. Sir William 75. Mr. founder of St. John’s Hospital, Sithney, family 75 bis Killigrew, of Arwinick, Jane Lady, ii. 97.――George, iii. 417. Sir Peter 417 bis. Miss 147 ―――― of Killigrew, i. 398. Sir John 398, 399 Killington church, ii. 230 ―――― parish, iv. 6, 7 Killingworth, iv. 24 Killiton borough, court leet, members of parliament, and mode of election, ii. 309. Election of mayor, arms, market and fairs, form of writ. Sir Edward Bray lived at 310 Killrington, Alice and Walter, i. 262 Killter of Kevorne killed a royal commissioner, ii. 192 Killygarth, ii. 181.――Barton, iv. 21, 22 bis, 23, 38 ―――― manor, iv. 21, 22 bis, 23, 36, 38 Killygrew, Sir Peter, Bart., iv. 72. Mr. 22 Killyow, account of, by Hals, ii. 300. By Tonkin 303. By Editor 305 ―――― of Killyow, ii. 303 ―――― of Lanleke, ii. 303 ―――― of Rosiline, ii. 303 Killyquite. See Colquite Kilmarth, iv. 109 Kilmenawth or Kilmenorth, iv. 36 Kilminarth, celt found at, iv. 33 ―――― woods, iv. 29 Kilter, account of, ii. 326 ―――― Mr. concerned in Arundell’s rebellion, ii. 326 Kilwarby, Robert Archbishop of Canterbury, i. 83 Kilwarth hill, description of, i. 189. Ascent to the highest points 190, 191. Etymology 193 Kilworthy near Tavistock, ii. 230 Kinance cove, iii. 259, 260. Its beauty 259 King, the, iii. 223 ―――― or Kings of England, i. 139.――ii. 59, 272. Annals of 60 ―――― Charles 2nd, at Boconnoc, i. 113, 114 ter. His speech to Sir F. Basset 114 ―――― George packet, iii. 229 King, i. 270, 413. Elizabeth 222. Oliver and arms 204.――Degory, ii. 253, 254. Edward, his Munimenta Antiqua, and hypotheses of the extreme antiquity of Lanceston Castle 423 bis, 424. Philip 423. Mr. 377. Family 217.――Lord Chanceller, iii. 51 ―――― of Lambesso, i. 204. Henry ibid. King’s army, iv. 186 ―――― books, i. 320――ii. 123, 146, 356, 391, 394 bis, 398, 413, 417――iii. 14, 22, 24, 37, 40, 44, 46, 56, 116, 126, 182, 188, 224, 255, 257, 260, 267, 276, 284, 291, 306, 313, 334, 339, 345, 347, 349, 352, 372, 374, 380, 396, 405, 419, 423, 426, 431, 437, 443, 450 bis, 457 bis――iv. 7, 15, 23, 40, 44, 62, 66, 75, 95, 102, 112, 117, 118, 129, 140, 153, 157, 162 King’s College, Cambridge, i. 146――ii. 153, 209, 244 ―――― road, ii. 1. In Falmouth harbour 275, 281 Kingdon, Rev. T. H. i. 135.――Robert, ii. 416.――G. B. iii. 351. Rev. John of Marham church 117 bis.――G. B. character of, iv. 16. Rev. John of Whitstone 154 Kingfisher ship, iii. 187 Kingills, King of the West Saxons, ii. 284 Kingston, iii. 108 ―――― Sir Anthony, i. 88.――Provost marshal, ii. 197. Taxed with extreme cruelty 198 Kirkham, i. 260. Mrs. Damaris 376 Kirton, Bishop of, i. 116――iii. 1.――Levignus, ii. 60. Lurginus 62 ―――― bishopric, i. 231――ii. 61 bis, 299 ―――― see of, iii. 456 ―――― manor alienated from the see of Exeter, ii. 7 Kist Vaen, iii. 319 Kit or Kitt hill, i. 122, 159――ii. 314 Kitson, Rev. Walter, i. 409 Kivell, Ann, iii. 77.――Thomas, ii. 241 Knava, Ralph, i. 121. Etymology 122 ―――― of Godolphin, John, i. 122 Kneighton’s Kieve, i. 343 Knicker, i. 317 Knight, John, iii. 319, 327 ―――― of Gasfield Hall, Essex, iii. 192 Knights banneret, mode of creation of, ii. 311 ―――― hospitallers, iv. 48, 50.――Account of, i. 410 ―――― of the Round Table, i. 339 bis. Instituted 336 ―――― Templars, iii. 83. Of Jerusalem, iv. 48 bis, 49 Knighton, St. iv. 155 Knill, John, eccentric, ii. 128. His life and mission to the West Indies 266. Privateering, humane, built a pyramid for his own burial, but was buried at St. Andrew’s, Holborn 267. His character 268 Kniverton of Treadreath in Lelant, iv. 4 Kniveton, Thomas, iii. 6 Knollys, Sir Robert, a valiant commander under the Black Prince, ii. 176 Kradock ap Ynir, King, iv. 44 Kurie, St. Eleeeson, i. 315 Kusterus’ Suidas, ii. 266 Kynans cove, beauty of its rocks and caverns, and its rare plants, ii. 360 Kynock castle, i. 77, 88, 94 Kyvere Ankou, i. 9

Laa, i. 44. Anecdote of Mr. and Mrs. ib. Lacy, Walter de, iii. 405 Ladoca, St. history of, ii. 353 Ladock manor, ii. 354 ―――― parish, i. 386――iii. 354, 450.――Rector of, Mr. Pooley, ii. 34 LADOCK parish, or Lassick, Hals’s manuscript lost. By Tonkin, situation, ii. 352. Boundaries, name, value of benefice, patrons, incumbent, manor of Nanreath, Hay, Boswaydel, Bedoke or Bessake 353. By Editor, value of benefice, village of Bedock, Pitt property, Trethurfe, Nansaugh, Hay, manor of Bessake, Rev. John Eliot 354. Beautiful vale, church, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 355. Stream tin and gold 356 ―――― valley, iii. 189 Lady chapel, ii. 201 Lahe, i. 144 ―――― Rev. John, Rector of Lanivet, character and memoir of, ii. 388. William lost at sea, his brother died of consumption 389.――John Bishop of Chichester, iii. 295. One of the seven 299 Lalant or Kananc, i. 2 Lamana chapel, iii. 245 La Mayne, free chapel of, iv. 26 Lamb, two brothers made a great fortune, ii. 47 Lambert, William, Prior of St. Michael’s Mount, the last Prior, ii. 209.――Elizabeth, iii. 86 Lambessa, in St. Clement’s, family seat of the Footes, iv. 90 Lambesso, i. 207. Account of 203 Lambeth palace, iii. 71, 73. Archbishop’s chapel at 296 Lambourn manor, i. 10――iii. 318 bis, 325. Account of 316, 319 Lambourne town, iii. 318 bis, 319, 321, 324 Lambrigan, iii. 314, 319, 324. Or Lambourne Wigan, account of 314 Lower town of 315 Lambron of Lambourn, Amara, iii. 317. John 316 bis. Sir John and Sir John 316. Sir John 320. William 316. Family 316, 317 bis. Arms 316 Lamburn, Sir William, i. 213.――Family, ii. 80 Lamburne, heir of, iii. 140 ―――― of Lamburne, i. 120 ―――― parish in Peran, iii. 317 Lamelin of Lamelin family, Margery, Thomas, arms, ii. 411 Lamellin manor, ii. 411――iii. 20.――Account of, ii. 411 Lamellyn, ii. 89――iii. 169 Lametton, ancient name of St. Keyne parish, ii. 294 ―――― manor, ii. 294 Lammana, a cell for Benedictine Monks at, its chapel remains, described, iv. 25 ―――― island, iv. 26 Lamoran manor, ii. 356. Account of 357 ―――― or Lammoran parish, iii. 180, 207, 222. Or Lamorran, i. 242 LAMORAN parish, Hals’s Manuscript by Tonkin, situation, boundaries, etymology, saint, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, manor of Lamoran, ii. 356. By Editor, value ibid. Two villages, Tregenna, Lamoran manor, advowson, situation of church, monuments, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase, rector, patron 357 ―――― village, ii. 357 Lamorrick village, ii. 385 Lampeer, i. 204 ―――― of Truro, his unfortunate end, ii. 30 Lampen, i. 205.――Rev. Robert, iii. 370 Lamplugh, Archbishop of York, iii. 296, 297 Lalant, by Leland, iv. 285 Lanante, by Leland, iv. 267 Lanarth, account of, by Hals, ii. 320. By Editor 327 Lanbaddern, heir of, iii. 140 Lancar, i. 83 Lancashire, ii. 112 Lancaster castle, ii. 179, 257 ―――― John, Duke of, ii. 259 ―――― Earl of, Thomas, ii. 363.――Edmund, iii. 19 ―――― house of, ii. 108, 185, 186 Lance, i. 394, 395. Richard 205 ―――― of Penare, i. 204 Lancells barton, ii. 415 ―――― house, ii. 416 ―――― manor, ii. 414 ―――― parish, or Launcells, iii. 111, 118 LANCELLS parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, etymology, patron, value, ii. 413. Incumbent, earlier value, appropriation, Lancells manor 414. By Editor, cell of Austin canons, Hartland abbey, descent of property in the parish by Lysons 415. Manor of Norton Rolle, of Yellow Leigh, of Thorlibeer, of Mitchell-Morton, Tre Yeo, situation of the church, Chamond monument, Lancell’s house, destroyed, statistics, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase 416 ―――― Prior of, ii. 49 Lanceston, or Launceston, ii. 87, 98, 377, 378, 430 bis. The Royalists march into Somersetshire from 343.――Charles 1st. advanced to, iv. 185 ―――― assizes, ii. 333. Trials at 52, 331, 336 ―――― castle, description of, ii. 421, 423――iv. 229.――Its extreme antiquity, ii. 423 ―――― Court of Common Pleas at, ii. 53 ―――― domui, i. 112 ―――― mayor of, his feudal service, ii. 229 ―――― parish church, ii. 420 ―――― priory, ii. 377. Account of 425. Its church and monuments, its destruction 425. Loss of archives and charters 426. Revenues 428, 429. Horton and Stephan, priors of 419 Lancherit, iii. 139 Lancorla, iv. 138 bis Landaff, Bishops of, St. Theliaus, i. 321. St. Dubritius and their Constat 382 ―――― cathedral, built by St. German, ii. 65 ―――― church of, ii. 172 Landawidnick, ii. 116 Landegey or Landegge parish, the same as Key, ii. 299, 305, 315 Landedy and Lanner in St. Key, iii. 359 Lander, the two African travellers, are from Truro, their discovery of the course of the Niger, monument erecting to, iv. 90 Landeveneck monastery, ii. 129 bis Landew, ii. 418――iii. 41. Account of 40. Monuments of the possessors 43 ―――― family, iii. 42 Landewednack parish, iv. 53 LANDEWEDNACK parish, Hals’s MS. lost, ii. 357. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, saint, value, patron, manor of Lizard. By Editor, Church town and Lizard town, villages, manor of Tretheves, Mr. Fonnereau, lighthouses 358. Statistics, rector, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase. Cliffs interesting 359. Perranbonse and Hensall coves, geology by Editor, soap rock, native copper, Kynan’s cove, beautiful assemblage of rocks, natural caverns, rare plants 360. Instances of longevity by Dr. Borlase, spar manufactory 361 Landigey or Landithy, iii. 83, 90. Account of 80 Landisfarne, i. 289, 290 ―――― Bishop of, i. 290 ―――― bishoprick, transferred to Durham, i. 290 Landowednack Lizard, i. 348 ―――― parish, iii. 128, 259, 424 Landrak, ii. 59 Landrake parish, i. 103――ii. 277.――Or Lanrake, iii. 345, 347, 461 LANDRAKE parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, patron, manor of Lanrake, ii. 361. By Editor, manor, churchtown, church, monuments in, Wotton cross, Tidiford, small river, tradition of Tidiford, Plymouth limestone burnt, its value in agriculture, Wotton 362. St. Erney 363. By Editor, statistics, rector, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 364 Land’s End, i. 132, 138, 228, 359――ii. 149, 182, 225 bis 237, 247, 283, 284, 408――iii. 6, 11, 99, 120, 265, 309, 310, 428, 430, 445――iv. 165, 166, 168, 173, 174. Road to, i. 20.――Anciently called Bolerium, ii. 20. Road from London to 317.――Description of, iii. 429. District 427. Various names of 431. Granite rocks at, scene, latitude and longitude, sun at 432. Its inscriptions 433. See Dartmoor Land tax, iii. 75, 110, 119, 128, 139, 161, 168, 177, 182, 190, 195, 199, 208, 222, 237, 271, 391, 403, 419, 421, 425, 428, 436, 441, 448, 456, 462――iv. 1, 7, 13, 19, 20, 39, 43, 53, 59, 63, 66, 68, 71, 93, 99, 111, 128, 131, 137, 152, 155, 160, 164, 185.――Act for redeeming, i. 403. Fixed for Cornwall 1 Landulph parish, i. 103, 310――iii. 345.――Rev. F. V. J. Arundell, rector of, ii. 387 LANDULPH parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, ii. 364. Etymology, value, patron 365. By Editor, situation of church, monuments, one to Theodore Paleolagus, history of him by Mr. Arundell ibid. His dynasty 366. Causes of his removal from Italy 370. His marriage, issue, and residence at Clifton in this parish 372. Death 373. Chasm in the register, discrepancy in the dates of Theodore’s death, account of his children 374. Manors of Landulph and Glebridge, Clifton 375. Lower family, life of Dr. Bradley, statistics, rector, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 376 Landuwednac, name explained, iv. 314 Landy, St. ii. 358 Lane, Rev. Mr. and his wife, died of a violent fever raging at St. Ives, ii. 271 ―――― village, i. 20 Laneast parish, i. 197――iii. 461――iv. 63 bis, 69, 70 LANEAST parish, MS. of Hals lost, ii. 376. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, impropriation 377. By Editor, villages, Tregeare, impropriation, statistics ibid. Geology by Dr. Boase, Letcot mine of manganese 378 ―――― village, ii. 377 Laner castle, iv. 228 Lanescot and Fowey Consols, iv. 110 Laneseley church, ii. 118 ―――― manor, ii. 118, 119 ter., 176. Account of 120, 121 Lanest, ii. 430 bis Lanew barton, account of, ii. 332. Lawsuit for 333. Sold 334 Lanewa, account of, i. 418 Lanfrank, Archbishop of Canterbury, i. 110 Langden, Walter, iii. 358 Langdon of Keverill, Walter, iii. 123 Langford, Humphrey, and daughters, iii. 116. Family 116 ―――― of Swadle Downes, Devon, Walter, iii. 116 ―――― of Tremabe, Samuel, i. 177 ―――― hill, iii. 116 Langhairne, De, family, ii. 316 bis. Arms 316. Lost their property in the civil wars 317 Langherne of Trevillon, i. 400. Thomas ibid. Langland, John, Bishop of Lincoln, i. 233 Langley, Mr. of York, ii. 286 Languit, etymology of, ii. 332 Lanhadern, account of, i. 415 ―――― of Lanhadern, i. 415 quat. Serlo de, and Serlo Lord 415 Lanhearne, Alice, John de, iii. 149 Lanhedrar, account of, i. 419 ―――― of Lanhedrar, Serlo de, Baron, i. 419 ―――― Lower, account of, i. 419 Lanhengye chapel, i. 218 Lanher, etymology of, and bishop’s palace at, i. 15 Lanherne, i. 213.――Manor, ii. 145.――Account of, iii. 139, 149.――Butler or Pincerna, Lord of, ii. 145 ―――― Roman catholic establishment at, a refuge for nuns, iii. 150. Descended lineally from before the Conquest 151. Church near it ibid. Lanhidroc, i. 113 Lanhidrock church, iii. 177.――Or Lanhydrock, i. 74 ―――― house, account of, Editor remembers it, ii. 382. Housekeeping at 383 ―――― manor, ii. 383 ―――― parish, ii. 384, 390. Or Lanhydrock 187――iv. 74, 161, 187. Essex quartered at 185 LANHIDROCK parish, MS. of Hals lost, by Tonkin, situation, ii. 378. Boundaries, saint, manor, residence built by Lord Robarts, Earl of Radnor 379. His pedigree, Trefry 380. By Editor, Robarts family 381. Lanhidrock house, impropriation of benefice 382. Hospitality of Lord Radnor, possessors of the manor, statistics 383. Geology by Dr. Boase 384 Lanhudnow, i. 349 Lanick, i. 199 Lanisley or Lanistley, ii. 121. Etymology 123 Lanivet church tower has no pinnacles, ii. 386 ―――― hill, ii. 390 ―――― parish, ii. 379, 390――iii. 55, 395 LANIVET parish, Hals’s manuscript lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, patrons, incumbent, Tremere estate, ii. 384. By Editor, several villages 385. Church, monuments, patron and rector, St. Bennet’s convent 386. Landed property of the parish, select vestries, Rev. John Lake, rector 388. His family, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 389. Lanivet hill 390 ―――― village, ii. 385 Lank Major, i. 131 ―――― Minor, i. 131 Lankinhorn, ii. 428 Lankinhorne, vicar of, iii. 457 Lankynhorne, ii. 430 Lanlaran (now St. Lawrance), i. 77 Lanleke, in South Pederwyn, ii. 398, 418 Lanlivery parish, ii. 41, 88, 379, 384――iii. 24, 26, 29, 55, 56――iv. 99, 110 LANLIVERY parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, ii. 390. St. Vorch, value of benefice, patron, incumbent. By Editor, conspicuous monuments in church, Pelyn house, summer house, St. Chad 391. Portrait and inscription, Restormel castle, Richard King of the Romans kept his court there, titles, palace at Lestwithiel 392. Restormel house, statistics, vicar, and Geology by Dr. Boase 393 Lanmigall, ii. 169, 175 Lanmigell, i. 118, 261――ii. 80 Lannan, i. 292 Lannant parish, iii. 5 ―――― or Lelant town, by Leland, iv. 267 Lannar, Miss, iii. 125 Lannyvet parish, iv. 160 Lanowe, the ancient name of St. Kew parish, ii. 338. Etymology 332 Lanrake manor, account of, ii. 361, 362 Lanreath manor, account of, ii. 395. Sold 396 ―――― parish, iii. 291, 302, 347――iv. 29, 110, 111, 115, 155.――Or Lanethon, ii. 398 LANREATH parish, otherwise Lanraithow, Lanrayton, Lanrethan, or Lanrethon, Hals’s MS. lost, ii. 393. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, rectory, value, patron, incumbent, court, Sergeaux family 394. By Editor, Lanreath manor, court 395. Church, Grylls family 396. Botelett manor, Treyer manor, Trewen, Treean, statistics, rector, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 397 Lanredock, ii. 379 Lanreth, i. 316 ―――― manor, iv. 22, 110 ―――― parish, ii. 291 Lansagey, ii. 299 Lansallas manor, ii. 399, 400 ―――― parish, ii. 409, 412――iii. 291――iv. 19, 36 bis, 38 LANSALLAS parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, value in King’s books, patron, incumbent, residents, ii. 398. Manor 399. By Editor, church, latitude and longitude, manor ibid. Raphel manor, Tregavithick, Polvethan, Polperro, its trade and situation, statistics, rector 400. Geology by Dr. Boase, copper mine, blue slate, Polperro harbour 401 Lansalwys, ii. 394 Lansan manor, iii. 456 Lansdowne, i. 113 ―――― battle of, ii. 343, 345, 347, 350――iii. 40, 199――iv. 162, 172 ―――― collection, ii. 426 ―――― Lord, ii. 98. George Granville Lord, erected a monument to his grandfather, Sir Beville Grenville 348 Lansen, iv. 50 Lan Stephen, the ancient name of Lanceston, ii. 417 Lanstoun, by Leland, iv. 256 Lansulhas, iv. 22 Lantallan, i. 77 Lanteagles by Fowey, ii. 36 Lantegles or Lanteglos, by Camelford parish, i. 1, 3, 304, 322――ii. 48, 274――iii. 81, 222 bis, 291――iv. 20, 42, 44.――Rev. Wm. Phillipps, rector, ii. 399 Lanteglise juxta Fawey, by Leland, iv. 279 LANTEGLOS JUXTA CAMELFORD parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, value of rectory, patron, incumbent, in manor of Helstone in Trigg, ii. 401, and deanery of Trigg minor, the manor, a castle and two parks at Helstone, Camelford town, etymology, Arthur slain there, relics dug up, tradition of the battle 402. A later battle, Roman coins found, Carew’s etymology, insignificance of the borough, had a charter from Richard Earl of Cornwall, market and fairs 403. Constitution, revenues and seal of the borough, only one street, formerly a chapel 404. By Editor, extent of manor ibid. Vestiges of a camp, villages in the parish, Fentonwoon, Wallis the circumnavigator, Lord Darlington proprietor of the borough, it was close till extinguished in 1832, Lord Camelford, Mr. Macpherson 405. His correspondence with Dr. Johnson, Mr. Phillipps rector, his monument, Dr. Lombard his predecessor 406. Memoir and anecdotes of him 407. Statistics, present rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 408 Lanteglos juxta Fowey parish, ii. 41, 398――iv. 38, 110, 111, 115, 188 LANTEGLOS JUXTA FOWEY parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, value of living, patron, incumbent, manor of Hall, Fitz-William family, ii. 409. Description of the seat, Bodenick 410. Lamellin manor. By Editor, situation of church, monuments, value, tradition of Charles 1st being fired at, Polruan 411. Once a corporate town, appropriation of benefice 412. Statistics, and Geology by Dr. Boase 413 Lantenny, i. 40 Lantiant, by Leland, iv. 277 Lantine, i. 415――ii. 89 Lantreghey, iv. 25 Lan Uthno, in St. Erth, iii. 311 Lanvorch, ii. 391 Lanwhitton or Lawhitton manor, iii. 2, 42 ―――― parish, ii. 95――iii. 40, 43, 335, 338, 456 LANWHITTON, parish of, Hals deficient. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, origin of the name, value of benefice, patron, manor, iii. 1. Farming of, remarkable places, Hexworthy 2. Bullsworthy 3. By Editor, church, monuments 3. Lease of the manor, Rev. Mr. Walker, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 4 Lanwordaby, Thomas, ii. 189 Lanyhorn castle, iv. 228 Lanyhorne by Leland, iv. 273 ―――― creek, iii. 404 ―――― or Lanihorne manor, iii. 406 Lanyon, account of, ii. 142 ―――― cromlech, stone replaced, iii. 32 ―――― i. 125, 405.――John, ii. 32 bis. Built Trelisick house 32. Miss 259.――John, iii. 242. John 242, 243 bis. John 242 bis. Richard and William 242. The golden Lanyon 243. Family 242, 427.――Miss, iv. 101 ―――― of Lanyon, ii. 142, 143 ter. Tobias and arms 142 ―――― of Madern, ii. 143 ―――― of Normandy, and arms, ii. 143 ―――― manor, possessors of, ii. 89 Laran bridge, ii. 41.――Etymology, iv. 157 Larmer family, iii. 47 Larnake, iii. 371 Larnick, Little, iv. 29. Curiosities found near 33 Laroche, James, i. 101.――Sir James of Bristol, iii. 193 Lateran, church of St. John, at Rome, iv. 165 ―――― council, i. 110 ter., 318――ii. 125.――Councils, iv. 165 Latin church, i. 115.――Its difference from the Greek, ii. 370 ―――― service for churches, books of, called in, iii. 170 Latitude of Falmouth, ii. 23. Of the windmill near Fowey 48. Of Lansallas church 399 ―――― and longitude of Eddystone lighthouse, iii. 376. Of the Land’s End 432. Of St. Minver spire and Pentire point 281. Of the Ram head 375. Of Trevose head 281 Latur, de, John and Richard, iv. 28 Laud, Archbishop, iii. 71. His library and palace given to Mr. Peters 73 Launcell’s manor, iii. 353.――House, iv. 18 ―――― parish, i. 133――iv. 12, 15, 18, 23. Healthiness of, specimens of longevity in 18 ―――― prior of, iv. 13 Launceston borough, iii. 14――iv. 51.――Burgesses and charter, iii. 15. Duke of Northumberland’s influence in 460. John Buller, M.P. for 249. Edward Herle, M.P. for 41. Two Mr. Landews, M.P.s for 42 ―――― Brygge, iv. 255 ―――― castle, i. 188――iii. 458 ―――― church, iii. 45 ―――― gaol, i. 345 ―――― honor of, iii. 406 ―――― manor, iv. 50 ―――― parish, iii. 1, 2, 180, 335, 338, 457, 458 bis, 459, 461――iv. 50, 51, 52.――Name, iii. 458 LAUNCESTON or LANCESTON, St. Mary Magdalen parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, saint, Dunhevet, ii. 417. Its ruins, wells, rivulet, present town scantily supplied with water, inhabitants transferred to Launceston, privileges 418. Leland’s description, market place, St. Stephen’s church, castle, priory, tombs, St. Catherine’s chapel, Carew’s account, two boroughs 419. Parishes of St. Thomas and St. Stephen, foundation of the town, increase of wealth, corporation, fairs, markets, assizes, a sanctuary, Castle Terrible, gaol, leather coins, friary and abbey 420. Tonkin’s description of the castle, held by the Piper family, story of Sir Hugh Piper 421. Willis’s history of the borough, privileges granted by Richard Earl of Cornwall, assizes appointed by Richard 2nd, the property in the Duke of Cornwall 422. Corporation of 1620, market changed. By the Editor, magnificent remains of the castle, King’s hypothesis of its antiquity 423. Compared with Trematon and Tunbridge, the building 424. Etymology, also of Launceston, extent and wealth of the priory, wanton devastations of the 16th century 425. Destruction of documents, charters of Bishop Warlewast and Henry 3rd 426. Revenues of the priory 428. The same from the Augmentation office 429. Long the capital of Cornwall, the Earl’s residence transferred to Lestwithiel, the sessions to Truro, the county gaol and assizes to Bodmin, improvements in the town, roads through it 431. Effect of the Reform Bill, view magnificent, new iron bridge, statistics, incumbent, Geology by Dr. Boase 432 Launceston priory, iii. 14, 20, 44, 457――iv. 9, 17, 23, 60, 64. No remains of, St. Thomas’s church stands on its site 51.――Prior of, i. 378 bis――iii. 457――iv. 15 ―――― town, i. 77, 108, 163, 201, 283, 359, 381――iii. 358 bis, 388, 417 bis, 456 ter., 461――iv. 81.――King’s audit at, i. 78. Insurgents march to 86.――Church of St. Stephen’s in, iii. 358. Friary in 457. Lines on the gate 295.――North gate of, iv. 51. Monastery at 11. Finer buildings in than Truro 71. Road from St. Columb’s to 46 Launston, by Leland, iv. 291 Laurence, Captain John, ii. 33. Built Trelisick house 32.――Rev. Thomas, of St. Winnow, iv. 155, 157 ―――― St. etymology of name and his history, i. 88 ―――― St. by Leland, iv. 261 ―――― St. chapel, i. 88. Duty at 96 ―――― St. village, i. 89. Court leet and market 90. Fairs 91 Laurens, Rev. John, iii. 324 Lavington, Dr. George, Bishop of Exeter, iii. 3, 42. His daughter 42 Law, Noye’s Grounds, &c. of, iii. 154 Lawanack parish, i. 21――iv. 68 Lawanyke, ii. 430 Lawarran, James, iv. 77 Lawhitton parish, ii. 417 Lawrance, St. i. 77 Lawrence, Humphrey of Launceston, iii. 42 ―――― St. chapel at Lezant, iii. 42 ―――― St. village, ii. 385 Lawry, i. 223――ii. 255.――Miss, iv. 117 Lawyer, “Noye’s Complete,” iii. 154 Lax’s tables of latitude and longitude, ii. 359 Lazarus, parable of, iii. 400 Lea, family changed their name to Kempthorne, iii. 255, 256 ―――― farm, iii. 255 Leach, Simon, i. 222.――Nicholas, iii. 358. Mr. executed 184 ―――― of Trethewoll, i. 408. Sir Simon and arms 408 Lee, Francis, ii. 375 Leeds, Francis and Thomas Osborne, Dukes of, i. 127.――Duke of, ii. 218 Le Feock, ii. 25 Lefisick manor, iii. 195, 196 Legard, i. 370 Legarike, ii. 256 Legenda aurea, iv. 117 Legge, Henry; William 4th Earl of Dartmouth, iii. 206 Le Greice, Sir Robert, governor of St. Mawe’s castle, ii. 277 Le Grice, his dispute with Cotterell, ii. 277.――Rev. C. V. iii. 58 bis, 97. Family 90, 243 Leicester, ii. 76 Leigha, i. 145 Leland, i. 73, 79, 146, 266 bis, 295, 355, 360, 372, 373――ii. 201, 239, 402, 411, 425――iii. 5, 15, 16 bis, 17, 24, 26 bis, 277, 278, 357, 404, 431――iv. 23, 24, 76 ter., 102.――His Itinerary, ii. 2, 281――iii. 402, 404, 444.――Through Cornwall extracted, Appendix VII. iv. 256 to 292.――His inscription on the walls of St. Mawe’s castle, ii. 281. Account of Launceston 418.――His Collectanea, iii. 332 bis, 385――iv. 117. Has well described the town of Truro 76, 78 bis, 80. The description 76 Lelant parish, i. 355, 364――ii. 119, 257 bis, 258 ter., 260, 265, 270, 271, 272 bis, 284――iii. 46, 339, 384――iv. 52, 53 ter., 58.――Valley in, iii. 59 LELANT parish, Hals, lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, etymology, value of benefice, patronage, rectory, saint. By Editor, situation of church, overwhelmed with sand, iii. 5. Mr. Davies subscribed towards its erection, several inundations of sand, checked by planting rushes, town buried, name, division, Treadreath 6. Villages, value of benefice, glebe, vicarage house buried, no resident clergyman, new house building, appropriation of tithes, St. Uny buried here, parish feast, Trembetha 7. Families of Praed, Hoskin, and Pawley, the last of the Pawleys, a great heiress, died in the workhouse, Praed estate inherited by the Mackworths 8. Character of Mr. H. Mackworth Praed 9; and of his son William. The Grand Junction canal, its utility, chalk ridges crossing England 10. Death of Mr. W. Praed, situation of Trevethow, Trencroben-hill, house improved by Mr. H. M. Praed, fine plantations 11. Statistics and Geology by Dr. Boase 12. Whele Reath 13 Lelizike in Probus, iii. 423 Lemain hamlet, iv. 25. Or Lammana seems to have been of importance 36 Lemon, i. 58 bis. Caroline and Sir William 423.――Harriet, ii. 250. Col. John 85. William, his life 81. Saved several lives, was a tin smelter 82. Established a mine at Whele Fortune, his marriage 83. Made £10,000 by his mine, removed to Truro, principal merchant in Cornwall, a classical scholar, sheriff, magistrate, and M.P., received a piece of plate from Frederick, Prince of Wales, called the great Mr. Lemon 84. His family, anecdotes of him 85. William, jun., 85 bis. Sir William 85, 100, 250. Mr. 33 bis, 134, 214, 219.――John, iv. 33. Mr. 89 bis. Made a fortune at Truro, began his career at Penzance, chosen as partner by Mr. Coster of Truro 89 ―――― of Carclew, Anna, iii. 230. Anne 249. Sir Charles, improved Carclew 230. Caroline, Harriet, and Jane 230. Colonel John, memoir of 229. A proficient in music 230. William 229. William, jun. 159. Sir William, memoir of 229. Improved Carclew, was a proficient in music 230. Sir William 249. Mr. 47. Mr. and Mrs. 229. The great Mr. Lemon the younger 159. Family 113 Lennan, St. parish, ii. 283 Lennard, i. 266 Lentegles by Camelford, ii. 372 Lentyon, ii. 91 Leo, Pope, ii. 110 ter. Leofric, the first Bishop of Exeter, ii. 69. Chaplain to Edward the Confessor 61 bis.――The last Bishop of Crediton, iii. 416 Leofrick, dedicated a church to St. Walburg, iv. 125 Leon, city of, iii. 285 Leonard, St. lepers of, at Launceston, ii. 422 Leonitus leonurus, iv. 182 Leopards changed to lions, iv. 71 Lepers, hospital for, i. 89. Laws relating to 90 Lepomani, Aloysi, Bishop of Seville, i. 82 Leprosy, its prevalence in England, i. 89 Lerchdeacon, heir of, iii. 437 Lerneth, i. 264 Leryn barton, iv. 29 bis ―――― creek, iv. 30 bis Lescaddock castle, iii. 82 Lescar’s castle, iv. 228 Lescard, ii. 430 Leschell, iii. 110 Lescor, heir of, iii. 140 Le Seur’s Histoire de l’Eglise et de l’Empire, iv. 117 Leskeard castle, iii. 169 ―――― church, i. 33 ―――― manor, account of, iii. 14 ―――― parish, i. 195――ii. 291 bis, 388――iii. 167, 245, 260, 347, 348 bis, 360 LESKEARD parish, Hals lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, etymology, iii. 13. Patronage, value of benefice, appropriation of tithes, manor, town, privileges granted 14. Royalty in the duchy, charter 15. Elective franchise, great market, ancient castle 16. Conduit, extent of the town, a coinage town, defeat of the rebel army, market day, town hall, clock erected by Mr. Dolben, corporation plate 17. By Editor, trade and market, villas around, ib. Improvement of roads and canal, distinguished persons resident there, families of Jane and Taunton, Mr. Haydon, Dr. Cardew 18. Longitude determined by Mr. Haydon, Mr. Trehawke, his eccentric character, left his property to Mr. Kekewich, nunnery of Poor Clares, castle, schoolhouse, church 19. Towers taken down, appropriation of tithes, patron, monuments in church, memorials of Charles 1st, chief proprietors, Editor’s manor of Lamellin, borough, Reform Act, etymology 20. Statistics, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase, quarries. By Editor, fancied gold ore 21 Leskeard prison, iii. 246 ―――― town, iii. 173, 187, 246, 248. A coinage town, ii. 301――iv. 186, 188.――Account of, iii. 14. Canal from East Looe to 120, 252. Road from Looe to 253. From Tor Point 439.――Roman causeway between Looe and, iv. 30. Charles first advanced to 185. Parliamentary officers brought prisoners to, King’s army marched out of 186 Leskeret church, ii. 428 Lesnewith hundred, i. 1, 60, 197, 304, 322――ii. 48, 86, 273, 401, 402――iii. 22 bis, 222, 232, 274, 276, 352――iv. 61 bis, 66 bis, 124, 125, 376 ―――― manor, account of, iii. 22, 23 ―――― parish, i. 304――ii. 273 bis――iii. 232, 236 LESNEWITH parish, Hals lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, etymology, hundred divided, value of benefice, incumbent, Trevygham. By Editor, Trewonell, iii. 22. Grylls manor, advowson, principal proprietor, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 23 Lestormel castle, iii. 25 L’Estrange’s Life of Charles 1st, iii. 145 Lestwithiel parish, iv. 6, 29 bis, 30 bis, 109, 158 LESTWITHIEL parish, Hals lost. Situation, boundaries, etymology, value of benefice, patron, incumbents, borough, name of the river, iii. 24. Ruins of the castle, Trinity chapel, old buildings used for the stannary court, Camden’s description, county town, prison 25. Edmund Earl of Cornwall had his palace here, privileges conferred by Earl Richard, antiquity of its franchise, revenues of the corporation, damage done by the parliament army 26. The lords of the manor 27. Rent payable to the Duke, lies between hills, river navigable. By the Editor, locality, its beauty, seat of the duchy court, indebted to Richard King of the Romans, palace converted into a prison, charter of George 2nd 28. Its invalidity, church, town extends beyond the parish, statistics, incumbent, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 29 Lestwithiel town, ii. 391, 392, 393――iv. 186.――A coinage town, ii. 301. The residence of the Earl of Cornwall and called the county town 431. Mr. Vincent, M.P. for 227. Palace at 392.――Duchy exchequer at, iv. 99. Essex marched to 185. Encamped near 185, 186. The King did the same 186. Essex was surrounded near 187 Letcot mine, ii. 378 Lethbridge family, ii. 397.――Rev. C. H. iii. 461.――Rev. C. of Stoke Climsland, iv. 12. Rev. C. of St. Thomas 52 ―――― of Madford, Christopher, ii. 377 Letters to and from Mr. Moyle, ii. 76.――Various, to learned persons, by Farnaby, iv. 87 Leucan, St. parish, ii. 283 Levalra, i. 421 Levan, St. parish, i. 138, 139――iii. 89, 290, 427, 428, 431 LEVAN, ST. parish, Hals lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, saint, daughter church to St. Burian, iii. 30. By Editor, fine scenery, Trereen Dinas, the Loging Rock, natural ibid. Dr. Borlase’s account of it, stone removed by Lieut. Goldsmith 31. Sensation excited, Editor’s communication with government successful, subscription raised by him, replacing of the rock; Lanyon Cromlech also replaced, walk from Trereen Dinas to the church, Porth Kernow, church, St. Levina 32. Her relics, monument in the church, history of Miss Dennis 33. Her poetry, and Sophia St. Clare, a novel 34. Tol-Peder-Penwith, singular cavern under it, danger of two visitors, disinterestedness of a neighbouring farmer; Bosistow village, smallness of poor rate, and its cause 35. Parish feast, statistics; Geology by Dr. Boase, interesting construction and romantic appearance of the rocks, Logan Rock at Trereen and Tunnel Rock at Tol-Peder-Penwith. Editor’s explanation of the name Loging Rock 36 Leveale, i. 142, 143. Lewis 142. Arms 143 Leveddon family, ii. 399 Levela family, iii. 216 Levignus, Bishop of Kirton, i. 60 Levina or Levine, St. iii. 30. Her history 32. Relics 33 Levine Prisklo, by Leland, iv. 271 Lewannack parish, ii. 226――iii. 40, 335 LEWANNICK parish, Hals lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, value of benefice, patronage, a poor parish, manor of Trelask, its etymology, Lower family, iii. 37. By Editor, gothic ornaments of the church and monuments ibid. Villages, manor of Trelaske and its possessors, Tinney Hall manor, etymology of Trelaske 38. Pollyfont manor, chapel, impropriation, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 39 Lewellen in Gwythian, ii. 141 ―――― Rev. Mr. of Minver, iii. 237 Lewis 14th, King of France, ii. 112, 407. Mr. Killigrew’s repartee to 14. His generosity to the English driven on his coast 322 Ley, i. 10. Hugh 10.――Rev. Samuel, ii. 356.――Rev. Hugh, of Redruth, iii. 380.――Rev. T. H. of Rame 379 ―――― of Ponacumb family, iii. 226 ―――― of Treworga Vean, Andrew, and arms, i. 396 Leyden University, iii. 72. In Holland 188 Lezant parish, ii. 226――iii. 1, 43, 335, 338――iv. 6, 7 LEZANT parish, Hals lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, etymology, dedication, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, Trecarell, Landew, family of Trefusis, iii. 40. Of Herle 41. By Editor, hundred, Trecarrel ibid. Ancient hall and chapel at, Landew, Mr. Northmore Herle, chapel at Landew, and a third within the parish, Carthamartha, church 42. Monuments, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 43 Lhuyd, Mr. i. 220.――His Archæologia, iii. 386 Lhwyd, iv. 8 Lichfield, St. Chad patron of, ii. 391 ―――― and Coventry, Bishop of, William Lloyd, iii. 299. William Smith 141 Lidain, mother of St. Perran, iii. 331 Lidford borough, i. 170.――Versesm on, iii. 184 ―――― castle, Devon, iii. 184 bis, 185 ―――― law, iii. 184 ―――― prisoners, iii. 184 ―――― town, iii. 185 Lidgate, John, i. 338 Lidley, i. 412 Lifton, Devon, ii. 122, 123 Lighthouse, on St. Agnes island, ii. 358 Lighthouses on Lizard Point, account of, ii. 358 ―――― a triangle of in Guernsey, ii. 358 Lightning, damage done to a church by, i. 216, 217.――Superstition connected with, iii. 48.――Warleggon church suffered from, iv. 130. And St. Wenn’s tower 138. Neglect of precautions against, and many church towers in Cornwall struck by 130 Lightstone hundred, i. 369 Ligusticum Cornubiense, iv. 178 Lillo, author of George Barnewell, ii. 102, 104 Lilly, William, i. 84 bis Limerick diocese, iii. 434 Limestone burnt for manure, and extremely valuable, ii. 362 Limmet, Nicholas, ii. 196 Lincoln, i. 414, 415 ―――― William Smith, Bishop of, iii. 141 ―――― Clinton, Earl of, iii. 216 Lincoln’s Inn, iii. 143, 152, 154 Lincolnshire, chalk hills in, iii. 10 Line, Samuel, i. 418 Linkinhorne parish, iii. 40, 167――iv. 7, 9 LINKINHORNE parish, Hals lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, iii. 43. Value of benefice, patron, incumbent, manor of Carnadon Prior, the rocky hill 44. By the Editor, manors of Millaton and Carnadon Prior, Carraton downs, highest hill but one in Cornwall, royalist army there, manor of Trefrize, ib. Many elevated points and their prospects, Sharpy Tor, Cheesewring, the Hurlers, described in Bond’s sketches of East and West Looe, church rebuilt, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 45 Linkynhorne, ii. 229 Linnæus, ii. 331――iii. 49 bis Linnus, i. 197 bis Lionesse country, iii. 430. Its destruction 309. Editor’s opinion, attempt to restore it by an incantation 310 Lisart, ii. 116 Lisbon, iii. 423.――Fortune made at 17.――Packet boats receive despatches for, at Falmouth, ii. 11. Regular communication with Falmouth 18 Liskard, by Leland, iv. 280 Liske, Paganus de, i. 383 Liskeard, i. 174, 177, 318, 411――ii. 76, 154 Lisle, Alice de, iii. 92. Family 90.――Sir John, one of the original Knights of the Garter and his arms, ii. 137 ―――― Thomas, Viscount, ii. 108 Lismanock, ii. 203, 211 List of the Dukes of Cornwall from the time of Edward 3rd, iv. 373 Lister Killigrew, Mr. iii. 417 ter. ―――― Martin, of Liston, Staffordshire, ii. 6 Litchfield, Earl of, his letter, iii. 50 Lithony, i. 420 Lithospernum erubescens, iv. 182 Littlecot, iii. 82 Littleton, Miss, iv. 161 ―――― of Lanhidrock, William, and arms, iii. 227 Livesay of Livesay, i. 302. Mary 302 Livings, five held by one clergyman, iii. 451. Accounted for by Mr. Whitaker 452 Livingus, Abbot of Tavistock, and Bishop of Crediton, nephew of Burwoldus, Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415 Lizard or Lizart district, iii. 110, 126, 127, 180, 311, 418, 420, 421. Etymology 422. Geology 424 ―――― manor, ii. 126, 358 ―――― peninsula, ii. 359 ―――― point, ii. 106, 172, 247, 358 bis――iii. 423, 445. Anciently called the Ocrinum promontory, i. 20. Geological interest of 330, 331. Lighthouses on 358. Description of them, latitude and longitude 359.――Name, iii. 375. Rocks at 283. High water at 98 Lizard town, ii. 358 Llan, Welch, i. 192 Llan Badern Vaur, iii. 336 Llewellin, Martin, his epitaph on Sir Beville Grenville, ii. 348 Lloyd, William, Bishop of St. Asaph, Lichfield and Coventry, and Worcester, iii. 299 Lluyd, ii. 173 Llwyd, Edward, ii. 122 Llwyn, Welch, i. 192 Lo Poole, by Leland, iv. 268 Lobelia crinus, iv. 182 Lock, i. 211 Lockyer of Roach, iii. 82 Lodeneck, iii. 277 Loe Bar near Helston, i. 136 Loffyngeo, ii. 430 Logan, Logging, or Loging Rock, i. 148――iii. 30, 36, 89――iv. 164.――Name, iii. 36. Description and history of 31 Loire, i. 107 Lombard, Daniel, D.D. ii. 406. Vicar of Lanteglos 401. His history, had his living from George 2nd, was member of a German club with some of the royal family, visited Mr. Gregor, had no other acquaintance in Cornwall, a profound scholar, some anecdotes of him 407. His death, he left a valuable library to his successors 408 London, i. 242, 341, 356, 404――ii. 28, 30, 47, 98, 101 bis, 177, 192, 213, 227 bis, 266, 267, 407 bis――iii. 85, 96, 142, 188, 189, 264, 288, 316, 450――iv. 86.――Bath free stone brought to, i. 58. Rebels approach 87.――Two brothers from Bodmin went to seek their fortunes at, ii. 34. The owners of the Virginia fleet in 42. King Richard after his imprisonment returned to 179. St. Mellitus, Bishop of, its two cathedrals founded by him 288.――Hospital of the Knights of St. John in, iii. 78. Society for purchasing advowsons in 399. Mr. Peters arrives, as commissioner of grievances from America in 73. Richard Chiverton Lord Mayor of 162.――Sir John Collet and Sir John Percivall Lord Mayors of, iv. 134. Thomas Bradbury, Hugh Clopton, Stephen Jennings and John Percivall, sheriffs of 134 London architecture reaching to Cornwall, iv. 81 ―――― Bishop of, iii. 73. Mellitus the first Bishop 167 ―――― bridge, partly built of Cornish stone, iii. 63. High tide at 98. Time occupied in flowing to it round the southern coast 99 ―――― coffers, iii. 248 ―――― Gazette, iii. 143 ―――― newspapers received daily at Penzance, i. 59 ―――― port of, iii. 450 ―――― road, to Falmouth, ii. 104, 355. To Land’s End 317. Through St. Bennet’s valley 387. Through Launceston 431 ―――― stools and tables, iii. 248 ―――― tower of, ii. 170 ―――― wall, iii. 298 Londonderry, Thomas Pitt Earl of, and Ridgeway Earl of, i. 69 Long, Thomas, iii. 38 ―――― of Penheale, J. S. i. 379, 380. Margaret 380. Thomas 378, 379. Arms 378.――Thomas, ii. 398, 399 bis;――or Penhele family, iv. 45 Longbound, Thomas, i. 373 ter., 374 Longbridge, ii. 120, 176 Longchamp, William, Bishop of Ely, Regent for Richard 1st, his misgovernment, deposed, ii. 177. His escape 178 Longer of Tregonnebris, Mr. anecdote of, iii. 427 Longeville, Mr. ii. 120 Longinus, by the Rev. J. Toup, ii. 266 Longitude of Pendennis castle, ii. 23. Of the wind-mill near Fowey 48. Of Landsallas church 399 ―――― board of, published Meyer’s tables, ii. 222 Longitudes, derived at sea from the moon’s place, ii. 222 Longman and Co. iii. 96 Longporth, now London, i. 338 Longships, iii. 432 Longstone downs, ii. 271 Longunnet barton, iv. 29 Lonsallos, i. 264 Loo bar, ii. 129 ―――― river, i. 179 bis, 318, 320――ii. 291.――Source of, i. 184 Looe bar, iii. 447 ―――― borough, iii. 119.――Account of 119 ―――― bridge, iv. 30 ―――― church, iii. 378 ―――― cove, iii. 129 ―――― harbour, iv. 19 ―――― haven, iii. 118, 119 ―――― island, iv. 25, 28 ―――― parish, ii. 85, 400 ―――― pool, ii. 126, 155, 158――iii. 126, 441. Description of 443. Sand bank across 443, 444. Account of the trout in 442, 443 ―――― river, iii. 119, 121, 128, 245, 252, 291――iv. 23.――Royalty of, iii. 442 ―――― town, i. 379――iv. 29, 30 ter., 36, 124.――Marble rock near, i. 187.――Canal to Leskeard from, iii. 18. Road to 439 bis. From Leskeard 253.――Trade of, iv. 36 ―――― East, borough, by Hals, etymology, commerce, chapel, manor, charter, members of parliament, jurisdiction, iii. 119. Market, fairs, arms, writ 119. Tonkin 120. Editor, Bond’s topographical sketches, disfranchisement, canal, projected road over Dartmoor ibid. Situation, built on a beach, Mr. Bond 121. John Buller, M.P. for 249 ―――― East, town, iii. 119――iv. 20, 21. A celt found at 33. Bridge from West Looe to 20 ―――― East and West, iii. 229, 246.――Boroughs, iv. 29.――Bond’s history of, iii. 246, 378.――Surrounded by water, iv. 35 ―――― West, borough, corporation, and history, iv. 28. Constitution 20, 28. Writ 20. Seal and arms 21. Inferior to East Looe 20. Mayor and burgesses 34. Poor 35. Admiral Sir Charles Wager, M.P. for 38.――John Rogers, M.P. for, iii. 445 ―――― West, down, iv. 29 bis, 31, 32, 33. Its inclosure desirable 34. Part of, let 35. Thunderbolt found in 32 ―――― West, town, i. 84――iii. 119, 300――iv. 25; or Portuan, etymology, bridge to East Looe 28 Loow, Est and West, by Leland, iv. 290 Lords Spiritual, their precedency disputed, denied by parliament, ii. 181 Lorraine, St. Dye’s church in, ii. 131 Lostwhythyel, by Leland, iv. 290 Lostwithiel, i. 78, 127.――ii. 38, 41 ter., 422.――By Leland, iv. 277 Louer, West, or Consort Hundred, i. 38 Louis, i. 247 bis.――Family, iii. 64 bis Louisberg harbour, iii. 218 Love of Penzance, Mr. iii. 84 Lovell, John, i. 246 Lovice, William, William, Leonard, iv. 41 Low Countries, iv. 86 Lowbrygge, iv. 255 Lower, Dr. Richard, Thomas, i. 257.――Sir Nicholas, ii. 372 bis, 373 sex., 374, 376. Lady 373. Major 375. Family 372, 373, 397. Distinguished 376.――Humphrey, iii. 358. Thomas 38. Family 37, 38, 223. Monuments to 225.――Dr., Physician to Charles II. and his three daughters, iv. 94 ―――― of Trelaske, in Lawanack, Sir Nicholas, his marriage and dau. William, and William, iv. 156 ―――― of Tremeer, Richard, M. D. his works, iv. 98. Sir William, his works 97. His death 98 ―――― of St. Wenow, or Winnow, Sir Nicholas, iii. 200. Heir 201. Family 133.――Mr. iv. 94 ―――― Town, of Lambrigan, iii. 315 Lowlands, iii. 240 Lowlog river, source of, iv. 237 “Lucan’s Pharsalia,” notes on, iv. 87 Lucas, Elizabeth, i. 222 ―――― of Warwickshire, Mary, iii. 147 Lucca, iv. 126 Lucian, ii. 76 Lucies manor, account of, ii. 358 Lucius, i. 335 ter. Lucy family, iv. 121; or Lacan, Richard 77, 81 quat., 82 bis, 83, 84 bis ―――― of Charlecote, George, bought the manor of Fowey, M.P. for it, ii. 46 Lud, King, ii. 50 Luddra, Robert, iii. 253 Ludduham, now Lugian-lese manor, ii. 257. Account of 258 Ludewin, or Ludevaulles, by Leland, iv. 265 LUDGEAN, LUDGVAN, or LUDGVEN, parish, Hals lost. Situation, boundaries, name, value of benefice, patron, manor of Ludgian lease, iii. 46. By Editor, extent and consequence of the manor ibid. Treassow, Castle-an-Dinas, very lofty, produces china-clay, entrenchment, Rosevithney, Trowell, the mine of Whele Fortune, well resorted to for restoring sight 47. Collurian farm, Varfull, belonging to the Davy family, notice of Sir Humphrey Davy, the church, rectory house, church tower, a pinnacle thrown down by lightning, imputed to a perturbed spirit, a legend of St. Ludgvan, and a stream of miraculous water 48. Dr. William Borlase, rector, his learning and works, diploma from Oxford 49. Earl of Litchfield’s letter upon it, extract from the university official register 50. Memoir of Dr. Borlase from the Biographical Dictionary 51. List of his works 52. His death, correspondence with pope, communications to the royal society, pupils, tomb, inscription illegible, Editor’s reflections on him in Greek, his two sons 53. Two rectors since, present incumbent, chief proprietors of land, parish feast, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 54. Ludgvan stone, marshes 55 Ludgian, ii. 260 ―――― or Ludgvan Lease manor, iii. 123. Account of 46 bis Ludgvan parish, i. 355――ii. 118 bis, 121 bis, 169――iii. 5, 343――iv. 52, 53 bis, 54.――Rev. John Stephens, rector of, ii. 270.――Rev. H. Praed, iii. 9, 54 ―――― St. a stream endowed with miraculous powers by, iii. 48 ―――― stone, iii. 55 Ludlow of London, i. 255. Elizabeth 259 Luffe, ii. 427 Lugacius, Bishop, iii. 331 Lugad, Bishop, iii. 331 Luggan, Mr. ii. 252 Luggyan Lese manor, ii. 258 Luke, Robert, iii. 83. Dr. Stephen 96, 337 bis ―――― of Trevilles, William, and family, iii. 406 ―――― St. ii. 240. His day 117, 276 Lukey, Mr. i. 271 Lunar tables, ii. 223 Lundy island, i. 188.――View of, ii. 49 Lupton, in Brixham parish, Devon, iv. 156 Lupus, Bishop of Troyes, ii. 64 ―――― St. ii. 73, 74 ―――― Hugh, Earl of Chester, iv. 125 Lure, i. 221 Lurginus, Bishop of Kirton, iv. 62 Lusus naturæ, supposed, ii. 297 Luther, Martin, i. 312 Lutterell, i. 247 ―――― of Polsew, i. 393 Luttrell, i. 400, 402.――Sir Andrew, iii. 103 ―――― of Dunster castle, Andrew and his daughter, iii. 342 Luxemberg, John of, King of Bohemia, iv. 72 Luxilian church, iv. 100 ―――― parish, ii. 93, 155, 384, 390; or Luxillian, iii. 391, 395 LUXILIAN or LUXULIAN parish, Hals’s MS. lost. Situation, boundaries, name, change of saint, iii. 55. Value of benefice, patron, incumbent, manor of Prideaux, etymology, Prideaux castle, and family 56. By Editor, chief landowners, Rashleigh family, situation of church, taste of Mr. Grylls the present vicar, beauty of church and tower, room in the tower, archives preserved there in the civil wars, vale leading to St. Blazey bridge, Tonkin’s Geology, “Lyell’s Principles of Geology,” parish, statistics 57. Geology by Dr. Boase, stream-works, quality of the tin, subterranean trees and plants 58. By Editor, unsightliness of Cornish valleys, Mr. H. M. Praed restored a valley in Lelant to beauty 59 Luxmoore, Rev. Coryndon, ii. 408 Luxton, John, i. 399 Luxulion, i. 52 Lyda, or Lides, St. island, iv. 230, 266 Lydcott, iii. 252 Lyddra, Robert, iii. 257 Lydford Brygge, iv. 255 Lyell, Charles, on Geology, iii. 57 Lyle, John, rang the bells on the accession of George III. George IV. and William IV. iv. 18 Lynar, or Lyner river, iii. 119, 437, 438 Lyne, Rev. Charles, of Roach, iii. 401. Rev. Richard, of Little Petherick 335. Rev. Dr. of Mevagissey, his singularities 194. Mr. made a fortune at Lisbon 17. His grandfather 19 Lynkinhorne, ii. 430 Lyonness, i. 198 Lyskerde, ii. 430 Lysons, i. 135, 146, 356, 369, 399, 402――ii. 86, 87, 91, 100, 147, 149 bis, 153, 217, 229, 231, 232, 252, 256, 281, 294, 330, 348, 358, 362, 363 bis, 383, 388, 395, 397 bis, 400, 404, 412, 415――iii. 7 bis, 19, 20, 38, 46, 77, 90, 117 bis, 126 bis, 138 bis, 150, 172, 192, 223 bis, 232, 234, 239, 240, 248, 255 bis, 258, 261, 274, 276 bis, 288, 289, 295, 309 bis, 332, 334, 335, 342, 346 bis, 350 bis, 352, 372 bis, 373, 398, 399 bis, 405, 406, 419, 424, 427, 439 bis, 445, 458――iv. 3, 4, 9 bis, 16 bis, 26, 41, 44, 51, 60, 62, 64, 65, 67, 97, 107, 114, 121, 127, 130, 136, 141.――His Cornwall, i. 228, 266 bis, 315 bis, 340――ii. 343――iii. 80――iv. 141, 163.――His Magna Brit. ii. 47――iv. 26.――His account of the repulse of the French from Fowey, ii. 46. His descents, &c. of manors 47 Lythe, John Robert, iii. 387 Lyttelton, Christiana, and George, Lord, i. 69 Lyttleton family, ii. 383

Mabe hill, iii. 63 ―――― parish, i. 137, 236, 416――ii. 92, 94, 104――iii. 64――iv. 2 MABE parish, by Hals, a vicarage, situation, boundaries, name, iii. 59. Ancient jurisdiction, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, amount of land tax, Tremough, Tremayne 60. By Tonkin, name, Carnsew, and family, removed to Trewoon, Carverth 61. Tremogh, large house built, Hantertavas 62. By Editor, Hals’s mistaken etymology of Tremogh, Tremogh sold 62. Trees cut down, granite quarries, road turned, rare plant, origin of the Tremayne family, statistics 63. Geology by Dr. Boase 64 MABEN, or Mabin, St. parish by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, ancient state, value of benefice, patron, iii. 64. Incumbent, land tax, St. Mabiana, Collquite, Treblithike, Haligan 65. Penwyne 66. Tonkin, nothing new. By Editor, Tredeathy, church monuments 66. Mr. Peters, his controversy with Warburton, his ancestry, and life 67. Traits of character, extracts from his meditations 68. Opinions on the Book of Job 69. Remarks on Hugh Peters, his history 71. Settlement in America, a popular preacher, deputed to England 72. Entered the parliament service, obtained Lambeth palace and Laud’s library, his death 73. Parish statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 74 Mabiana, St. iii. 65 Mabilia, a countess, monument to, ii. 419 Mabin, i. 2 Mabyn, St. church, iv. 135 ―――― St. parish, i. 84, 367, 371, 375――ii. 150 bis, 332――iv. 93, 95 Macarmicke, Colonel, i. 208 Macclesfield, Fitton Gerard, Earl of, i. 67.――Lord, iii. 378 bis Macculloch, Dr. ii. 115 M Gregor, i. 13 Machinery, curious piece of, i. 55 Mackworth, Mr. singular story of, and family, iii. 9 Macpherson, the producer of Ossian, ii. 405. His quarrel with Johnson 406 Madan, a British king, iii. 79 Madaran, or Maddern parish, ii. 118, 122, 174 Madarne church, i. 296 ―――― parish, iv. 164 bis Maddarns, St. or Maddern well, account of, iii. 91. Extraordinary cure from 79 Maddern, John and William, iii. 83 ―――― parish, iii. 46, 242 bis, 243, 283, 289, 425 bis MADDERN parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient state, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, saint, unknown, iii. 78. St. Maddarn’s well, a cripple cured by it, Alverton 79. Mayne Screffes, inscription on the stone, Landithy 80. Penzance, town burnt by the Spaniards, charter, taken and pillaged by the parliament army 81. Rich booty, a coinage town, principal inhabitants, arms, writ, Lescaddock castle 82. By Tonkin, a vicarage, patron, incumbent ibid. Penzance, a separate parish, but daughter-church, incorporated, corporation in 1620. By the Editor, situation of the church, its connection with the Templars, monuments, mild air of the Mount’s Bay, Castle Horneck 83. Dr. Walter Borlase, memoir of him, built the house at Castle Horneck, Trereife, memoir of Dr. Frank Nicholls 84. Trengwainton used as a farm-house, Sir Rose Price, the present owner, has made it a splendid residence, origin of the Price family 85. History of Mr. Vinicombe 87. His picture, Rosecadgwell, Nanceolvern, Poltare, Trenear, notice of Captain H. P. Tremenheere 88. Rose hill, Lariggan, Mr. Pope and the Vatican, Lanyon, a cromleigh 89. Cromleigh at Malfra, and others in the parishes of Morva and Zennor, conjectures respecting them, description, etymology, Landithy, impropriation of tithes, patronage of the vicarage, Alverton 90. Its magnificence lost, Maddern well, its copiousness, Penzance flourishing, its gradual rise 91. Market house, a coinage town, adverse events of the civil war, pier, character of the corporation 92. Chapel of ease, endowed by Mr. Tremenheere, new church, exertions of Mr. Vibert, Mr. Edward Giddy, and the Tremenheere family, for the benefit of the town 93. New market house, distinguished families of the place, the Tonkins, Sir Humphrey Davy, introduced by the Editor to Dr. Beddoes 94. His Life by Dr. Paris, Dr. Batten, Mr. Carne, Dr. Boase 95. Mr. Thomas Giddy, Dr. Luke, Admiral Pellew, a grammar-school, Editor there under Dr. Parkins 96. Mr. Morris, the present master, Penzance much resorted to by invalids, Mr. E. Giddy’s observation on the climate, Dr. Paris’s medical account of it, Algerine corsair wrecked there 97. Inhabitants alarmed, afterwards visited the strangers, they were sent home in a man-of-war, latitude and longitude of Penzance church, establishment of the port, and at various other places 98. Parish statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase, the Wherry mine 99. Sand bank and submarine forest, parish covered with metallic veins, account of the Cornwall Geological Society at Penzance 100 Madders parish, ii. 284 Madford near Launceston, iii. 337 Madras, Fort St. George, and government house at, iv. 11 Madron parish, iii. 245 Maen Tol, i. 141 Magdalen Ball in Gluvias, iv. 3 ―――― college, Oxford, iii. 87 ―――― hall, Oxford, Mr. Lake entered of, ii. 389 Mahomet’s character of Thomas Paleolagus, ii. 368 Mahometans, ii. 37 Mahon, Sir Reginald, ii. 376. Family 339, 353, 354, 396. Property 353, 376.――Family, iii. 8. Property 207 Mahun family, iv. 54 Maids, the nine, iv. 2 Maidstone frigate, iii. 186.――Commanded by Captain Penrose, ii. 25. Sailed to the Sound 27 Mail coaches established, i. 57 Maine and Loire, department of, in France, iv. 105 Maiowe, Philip, iii. 123 Majendie, Ashurst, instituted the Geological Society of Cornwall, iii. 100. His Geology of the Lizard 424 Major, Peter, of Foye, ii. 110. Mr. 43. Mr. a tobacco merchant 43 Maker parish, ii. 250, 251――iii. 374 MAKER parish, a vicarage, situation, boundaries, ancient state, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, Mount Edgecumbe, history of the Edgecumbe family, Sir Richard an adherent of Henry 7th, iii. 101. Obliged to abscond, concealed himself in a cave, and deceived his pursuers by throwing his cap into the sea, rewarded by Henry with the lands of Bodrigan 102. Built a chapel in commemoration of his escape, he or his father founded a Benedictine priory, family have spent their fortune in service of the crown 103. Carew’s description of Mount Edgecumbe, part of it and of Millbrook in Devon 104. Millbrook once possessed of the elective franchise, inhabitants in Elizabeth’s time addicted themselves to piracy, Cremble passage, its danger 105. Tonkin does not notice this parish. By Editor, beautiful situation, church ibid. Signals from it, observations on signals, value of the benefice 106. Inceworth, Millbrook formerly an important town, government naval brewhouses removed, advantage of the new buildings, Vaultershome, or West Stonehouse, now Mount Edgecumbe, its beauty 107. Kingston and Cawsand, Plymouth harbour, divisions of, the Breakwater or artificial reef, description of 108. Comparison of its bulk, weight, and labour with the great Pyramid of Egypt, parish statistics, population fluctuates with war or peace, vicar 109. Geology by Dr. Boase 110 Makertone manor, ii. 251 Malachi, the Hebrew prophet, ii. 224 Malachy, St. Archbishop of Armagh, ii. 225 Malaga, i. 161 Malivery, Helvethus, iv. 41 Mallett, i. 262 Malmsbury, iv. 155 ―――― William of, iii. 385――iv. 96.――His chronicle, i. 407 Malo, St. iii. 257. His day 258 Malo’s, St. ii. 123 Malta island, i. 411 ―――― knights of, i. 411 bis Mama Tidy, a name of St. Udith, iv. 93 Man, Isle of, i. 339. King of 339 Manaccan parish, i. 417――iii. 124, 127, 128, 138 MANACCAN parish, situation, boundaries, name modern, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriation, land tax, iii. 110. Once called Minster, alien monasteries, etymology, Kestell 111. By Tonkin, name. By Editor, etymology, church pleasantly situated, town neat, vicarage house good, Mr. Polwhele 112. Helford, passage at, Kestell, Halvose, statistics, parish feast, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase, titanium found in the streams 113 Manackan, i. 38 Manacles point, ii. 331 Manaton, account of by Hals, ii. 230. By Tonkin ibid. By Whitaker and Lysons 231 ―――― of Manaton family, ii. 230. Francis 230 bis. Henry 230. Arms and memorials in church 231.――Francis, iii. 2――iv. 64. Family 65 Mane mine, i. 226 Manely manor, iv. 112 ―――― Coleshill manor, iv. 114 Maneton, Mr. entertained Charles 1st, iii. 42 Manley, John and Mrs. iii. 347 ―――― Coleshill, i. 319 Manlius, iii. 71 Manly, John, iv. 74 Mann, Rev. H. of St. Mawgan, iii. 138 Mannering, i. 350 Manning family, iii. 255 Mannington, Sampson, iii. 358 Manor courts, proceedings of, iv. 55. Subjects of presentment 56 Manufactory for Spa ornaments, ii. 361 Manuscripts in the British Museum, extracts from, iii. 409 Manwaring, Charlotte, i. 67 Mapowder, i. 402――iv. 161 bis Marazion, the name of St. Hilary parish, ii. 200, 214, 215 quat., 224 bis ―――― borough and manor, ii. 170 ―――― parish, iii. 289――iv. 10.――Road to Helston from, iii. 446. From Redruth to 308.――Name explained, iv. 316 March ab Meircyon, i. 338 March, Earl of, i. 168 bis March and Ulster, Roger Mortimer Earl of, i. 64 Margaret, Queen, i. 169.――Took sanctuary in Beaulieu abbey, ii. 329 ―――― St. family, ii. 362 Margaret’s, St. church, Westminster, ii. 98 Margate, high water at, iii. 98 Marghessen foos, iii. 323 bis, 324 ter. Account of 323 Marham or Marwyn church, manor of, iii. 116, 117 Marham Church parish, i. 133――ii. 413――iii. 254, 352――iv. 12, 15, 131, 152 MARHAM CHURCH parish, situation and boundaries, name and antiquity, the Conqueror’s charter of appropriation, iii. 114. Confirmed by the pope, number of vicarages in England, and in Cornwall, Walesbury 115. Longford hill 116. By Tonkin, name, value, manor of Marwyn Church ibid. By Editor, antiquity of the church, manor, Walesborough manor, Hilton manor, Wood-Knole, patron, nature of the soil, abundance of wood 117. Statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 118 Marhasdeythyou, or Market Jew, by Leland, iv. 287 Marianus the historian, ii. 403 Mark St. his day, iv. 140 ―――― well, i. 199 Marke of Woodhill, i. 143 Markesju, by Leland, iv. 264 Market Jew, ii. 200 Marks of St. Wenn, Miss, iii. 237 Markwell manor, ii. 363 Marlborough, ii. 76 ―――― administration, ii. 217 ―――― castle, ii. 179 ―――― Duke of, ii. 307.――John Churchill, i. 126 bis, 234.――Churchill, iii. 217, 297.――Henrietta, Duchess, i. 126 Marney of Colquita, Henry first Lord Marney, i. 369 ―――― of Essex, Henry, family and arms, iii. 65.――Family, iv. 22 Maroons of Jamaica, treaty with, iii. 300 Marperion rock, iii. 73 Marre, Lord, ii. 9 Marrifield, i. 215 Mars, i. 295.――Camelford sacred to, ii. 403 Marsh, Rev. William, ii. 134 Marshal, Earl, his court, iii. 129, 130 ter. Marshall, Miss, iii. 239 Martial’s epigrams, notes on, iv. 87 Martin, i. 386. John, Archbishop of Canterbury 87.――John and Thomas, iii. 323 Martin of Hurston, Anne and John, iii. 186 ―――― of Pittletown, Dorset, family, iii. 186 ―――― St. his feast and history, ii. 125.――His day, iii. 310 ―――― Bishop of Tours in France, iii. 118, 126, 127, 138. His history 122. Festival 127 ―――― Pope and martyr, iii. 126 Martin’s, St. church, iii. 252 bis. At Leskeard 16 ―――― fields and woods, i. 15 ―――― island, iv. 174. Extent of 175 ―――― parish by Looe, i. 320――ii. 265――iii. 13, 245.――Its church and rectory, ii. 266 MARTIN’S, ST. parish, near Looe, situation, boundaries, saint, value of benefice, patron, iii. 118. Incumbent, land tax, East Looe town, etymology, haven, chapel, charter, jurisdiction, market and fairs, arms and writ, Kevorall 119. Tonkin’s quotation of Willis, and conjecture respecting the name of the chapel 120. By Editor, reference to Bond’s Sketches, elective franchise lost, canal to Leskeard, granite hills ibid. Road over the hills, projected new road, expence will probably prevent it, situation of East Looe, Mr. Bond 121. History of St. Martin of Tours, legends of him, his death 122. Festival, advowson of the living, monuments in the church. Dr. Mayo, statistics 123. Geology by Dr. Boase 124 ―――― St. parish, in Meneage, i. 301――ii. 318――iii. 110, 127, 128 MARTIN’S ST. parish, in Meneage, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, daughter to Mawgan, founder, patron, incumbent, land tax, Tremayne, iii. 124. Mudgan 125. By Tonkin, saint, daughter to Mawgan, value, patron, incumbent 126. By Editor, Tremayne, Helnoweth nunnery, doubtful, Meneage district, Hals’s history of St. Martin, pope and martyr ibid. Parish feast, notice of Pope St. Martin, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase, the dry tree 127 Martin, St. of Tours, ii. 125 ―――― ancient chapel of, i. 15.――Church, ii. 125 Martine’s, St. isle, iv. 266 Martyn, i. 28.――Thomas, ii. 221 bis. His map of Cornwall ibid. and iii. 454.――W. W. iii. 255 Martyn’s, St. parish in Kerrier, iii. 61 Martyr’s church, iii. 180 Martyrology, iii. 385 Mary, Queen, ii. 255, 336, 404, 423――iii. 103, 104, 125, 133, 140, 370――iv. 2, 140.――A design to rob her Exchequer, ii. 198 ―――― 2nd, called Mary Take-all, ii. 15 ―――― Rose frigate, loss of, ii. 341, 344 ―――― the Virgin, ii. 276――iv. 26 ―――― St. iii. 285.――Truro church, dedicated to, iv. 80, 81 ―――― St. bell, iii. 210 ―――― St. chapel, Dublin cathedral, iv. 147 ―――― St. chapel in Quethiock, iii. 373 ―――― St. church, Savoy, London, ii. 98 ―――― St. island, iv. 172, 174, 230. Extent of 175 ―――― St. manor, ii. 275 ―――― St. parish, old Truro, iv. 92 ―――― St. of Grace’s Abbey, i. 134 ―――― St. de Theresa, i. 83 ―――― Magdalen, St. a chapel at Trecarrell, dedicated to, iii. 42 ―――― Magdalen, St. church at Launceston, ii. 417, 420――iv. 132――Parish, statistics, ii. 432 ―――― de Plym, St. ii. 2, 275, 276 ―――― de Vale, St. convent, prior of, ii. 275 bis, 276. Monastery 2.――Priory, iii. 395 ―――― Wick, St. parish, ii. 232――iii. 114 ―――― Wike, St. i. 215 Maskelyne, Rev. Dr. Nevill, astronomer royal, his voyage to St. Helena, published Meyer’s Tables, ii. 222. Devised the Nautical Almanack 223 Mason, Rev. J. H. of Treneglos and Warbstow, iv. 63.――The poet, i. 71 Masterman of Restormel, William, i. 244 bis Matilda, Queen, ii. 211 ter. Matthew of St. Kew family, arms, ii. 337 Matthew Paris, i. 414 ―――― of Westminster, his story of the Irish sailing to England in an ox-skin boat, ii. 324 ―――― St. his Gospel, ii. 168 Matthews of Tresangar, i. 225. John 383 bis Maugan, i. 209, 212, 301――ii. 155 ―――― in Meneage, ii. 136 Maunder, i. 256, 396.――Henry, ii. 195.――Miss, iv. 116 ―――― of Lanhedrar, Mary, Priscilla, and Thomas, i. 420 ―――― of Rosecorla, Edward, i. 420 Maurandia Barclayana, iv. 182 ―――― semperflorens, iv. 182 Maurice, Prince, iii. 44.――A commissioner for the King, iv. 189 Mausa, St. by Leland, iv. 289 Maw’s, St. castle, inscription made by Leland at, iv. 274 Mawe, St. his history, ii. 280 Mawes, St. borough, ii. 279. Account of and arms 276 ――――’s, St. castle, ii. 1, 2, 27, 279, 280. History of 280. And of its governors 276. Its governors and officers salaried by the crown 278 ――――’s, St. manor, ii. 275 ――――’s, St. town, ii. 2, 17 ――――’s, St. village, ii. 280 Mawgan, John de, iii. 148 ―――― of Essex family, and arms, iii. 148 ―――― or St. Mawgan parish in Kerrier, or Mawgan Meneage, ii. 126――iii. 110, 124, 126, 148, 257, 324, 332, 419 ―――― in Pider, i. 161, 230, 404, 407――ii. 256――iii. 398. The poor of 153 ―――― St. iii. 148 ―――― St. church, iii. 132 MAWGAN, St. in Meneage parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, iii. 127. Value of benefice, patron, founder, incumbent, land tax, description of Meneage district, its fertility and breeds of cattle, Goonhilly downs, stones on them, Carmenow 128. Its etymology, and the family of Carmenow, singular trial between them and the Lord Scrope for their arms 129. Reasons on each side 130. Earl Marshal’s sentence, Carmenow’s displeasure 131. Domestic chapel, burial place and monuments, cross-logged figures used before the crusades 132. Reskymer family, Trelowarren 133. Vyvyan family 134. Tonkin has no additions. By Editor, the three distinguished families, Sir Richard Vyvyan a Cavalier 135. Committed to the Tower by George 1st, had a daughter born there 136. Sir R. R. elected for Bristol, antiquity and splendour of Trelowarren house, view in Dr. Borlase’s Natural History, manor of Carmenow, account of the trial in Anecdotes of Heraldry 137. Another controversy for the same coat, church, monuments, patron of benefice, saint, feast, statistics, rector, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase, the dry tree 138 MAWGAN, ST. parish in Pyder, by Hals, boundaries, ancient name, antiquity of the parish, founder, dedication, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, manor of Lanherne, iii. 139. Arundell family 140. Origin of their arms 142. Mr. Bishop, a Roman Catholic prelate, Carnanton, history of Attorney-General Noye 143. Approved the ship-money tax 144. Hammon Le Strange’s character of him, his death and family, amusing story of the court dining with him 145. Ben Jonson’s lines, and Charles’s answer, anagram, Noye, a promoter of the Civil War, counselled the imprisonment of the members of parliament 146. Densill, Densill barrow, Chapel Garder, Densill family 147. Tonkin, the saint, an Irish Missionary, patron, ancient name 148. Manor of Lanhearne, Camden and Carew upon the Arundells 149. Called the Great Arundells 150. By Editor, etymology of Arundell, Lysons’s notice of the family, Popery fostered at Lanhearne, house now a Carmelite nunnery ibid. Situation of church, monuments 151. Manor of Carnarton, memoir of the Noyes, the Attorney-General’s will 152. Some of his works published 153. List of them 154. A cause he gained for his college, their thanks 155. His picture, a copy of it presented by the Editor to Exeter college, his family, marriage contract of his son Humphrey 156. Issue of the marriage 159. Works of the Rev. Cooper Willyams, anecdote of his grandfather’s marriage, Hals’s abuse of Colonel Noye, parish statistics, and rector 160. Geology by Dr. Boase, parish feast 161 Mawnan parish, i. 135, 137, 236 MAWNAN, parish of, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, court baron, barton of Penwarne, iii. 74. Value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land-tax, Penwarne and family 75. By Tonkin, manor of Trevose ibid. Advowson appendant to it, Penwarne 76. By Editor, Lysons’s account of the manors, Tresore, patron of living and incumbent, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase, interesting rocks, Rosemullion Head 77 Mawnoun, St. church, by Leland, iv. 269 Maws, St. J. Tredinham, M.P. for, i. 416 Maxentius, i. 237 bis Maximian, Emperor of Rome, iv. 100 Maximilian, Emperor, wars against the Turks under, ii. 342, 344 Maximus, the 2nd Emperor, ii. 37 May, i. 78, 414.――Elizabeth and Rev. Dr. iii. 356. Rev. Mr. of St. Mewan 196.――Rev. Mr. of Tywardreth and St. Mewan, iv. 102 ―――― of High cross, i. 45 ―――― of Truro, i. 396 Maye, Dr. iv. 74. William 187 Mayer, Tobias, of Gottingen, ii. 222. His tables 222, 223. His widow allowed a premium of £3000, 223 Maynard, i. 36――ii. 361. John 196. Sir John Sergeant 362 bis.――Sir John, iii. 5, 405, 406 Mayne, Rev. Cuthbert, iii. 357, 360, 369, 370 bis. Suffered death 358 ―――― Screffes, iii. 80; or Scriffer, ii. 284 Mayo or Mayow, John, M.D. iii. 123 and note 250 bis. Memoir of 251. His works 251, 252. Philip of Looe 250 quat. P. W. 250. Family 223, 250, 252. Monuments to 253 Mayo of Clevyan, ii. 198 ―――― of Truro, John, ii. 302 Mayors of Exeter, ii. 189, 196 Mayow, Dr. iv. 30. Mr. 74. Family 37 ―――― of Bray, i. 354 Mayson, Rev. Charles and Rev. Peter, rectors of Lezant, iii. 43 Mead, Dr. iii. 85 Mean in Sannen, seven Saxon Kings said to have met at, ii. 284 ―――― village, iii. 433, 435. Story connected with 433 Meath county, iii. 86 Medhop of Trenant, i. 320 bis Median castles, ii. 423 Mediterranean sea, iv. 168.――Regular communication with Falmouth, ii. 18 Medland of Tremail in St. Petherwyn, iii. 137 Megara in Greece, Bishop of, i. 75.――Thomas Vivian, Bishop of, iii. 279.――Bishopric, arms of, i. 75, 94――iv. 161 Megavissey, i. 413 Mehinnet parish, ii. 371 Mein Egles rocks, transport lost on, ii. 326 Melaleuca hypericifolia, iv. 182 Melania, St. iii. 164, 165 Melanius, St. iii. 257 Melgisy manor, iii. 382 Melhuish, near Kirton, Devon, etymology, iii. 135 ―――― Mr. ii. 97 ―――― of Northan, Devon, family, iii. 61 ―――― of Penryn, Jane, iii. 134. Thomas 61, 134 Melianthus, iv. 182 ―――― coccineus major, iv. 182 Melianus, King or Duke of Cornwall, iii. 59, 224 Melina, St. iii. 257, 258 Meliorus, St. iii. 224 Mellen, St. i. 310 Mellin, St. parish, ii. 309 Mellingy bridge, account of, iii. 327 ―――― mill, iii. 326 Mellion, i. 316.――St. parish, ii. 375, or Mellyn, iii. 161, 345, 347, 371 MELLION, OR MELLYN, ST. parish, by Hals, a rectory, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, Newton manor, Mr. Coryton, one of the members imprisoned by Charles 1st, iii. 161. Coryton family, Crocadon 162. John Trevisa translated the Bible, comparison with Wickliffe’s and Tyndall’s, Westcot, Pentillie, or Pillaton 163. Sir James Tillie’s singular will 164. By Tonkin, saint, patron, Newton ibid. By Editor, Hals’s history of St. Melania, Coryton family 165. Vindication of Sir James Tillie 166. St. Mellitus, Bede’s life of him, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 167 Mellior, St. i. 151 Mellitus, first Bishop of London, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury, iii. 167 ―――― St. Pope Gregory’s letter to, ii. 288 Mellyn, St. i. 409 Menabilly, account of, iv. 101, 107 Menadarva, i. 161 quat., 164 Menage, i. 192 Menagwins, etymology and possessors of, i. 43 Mendicant friars, i. 83――iv. 145 Meneage, i. 350.――Part of Kerryer hundred, ii. 358 ―――― district, in Lizard, iii. 257, 419, 422. Described 128 Menevia, St. David, Archbishop of, iii. 292.――Bishopric, i. 305 Menfre, i. 2 Menheniot manor, iii. 170 ―――― or Menhinnet parish, iii. 13, 373 MENHENIOT parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, iii. 167. Manor, jurisdiction, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, etymology, the manor, Poole, described by Carew 168. Fair, Tencreek, an oven fourteen feet in diameter, unknown tree, Trehavock 169. Curtutholl, Trewint, Dr. Moorman first taught the offices of religion in English, the Latin service, books called in, hospital for lepers 170. By Tonkin, Pool, Menheniot or Tregelly manor ibid. By the Editor, size of the church, its tower and monuments, patron of the benefice, the incumbent to be of Exeter college, vicarage endowed with the great tithes, the incumbents, Mr. Holwell and his works 171. Cartuther, other places noticed by Lysons, the most fertile parish in the county, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase, Clicker Tor 172. The Geology interesting. By the Editor, errica vagans, phenomena of flowers, no wild rose in the southern hemisphere, nor heath in America 173. Sir Isaac Newton’s discoveries, remarks on the system of nature and succession of the various species 174 Menhynet, ii. 59 Menhynyet, i. 409 Mentz, Archbishopric, founded by St. Boniface, iv. 126 Menvor, i. 168 Menwhilly, ii. 91 Menwinnion, ii. 241 Meny, St. iii. 190 Mepham, Simon, Archbishop of Canterbury, iii. 115 Meran, St. iii. 177 Merchant Tailor’s school, ii. 407 Mercia, King of, i. 49.――Penda, King of, ii. 284――iii. 284 Merewenna, i. 2 Merina, St. iii. 177 bis Merionethshire, i. 382 Merivale priory, i. 27 Merlin, i. 330 bis, 331, 322 bis, 334, 339.――His prophecy, iii. 433.――Of Arthur, i. 326, 336 bis Merran, St. parish, ii. 265 MERRAN, ST. Merin, Meryn, or Merryn parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name and etymology, church, cemetery of St. Constantine, converted to a dwelling house, modern church, St. Constantine’s well, Trevose, iii. 175. Productive, but dangerous to shipping, Harlyn, Peter family, the parish modern 176. Saint, festival, his death, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriation, land tax, donation of Mrs. Tregoweth 177. Tonkin adds nothing but a notice of the saint’s name. By the Editor, no Saint Merina, Harlyn, Perthcothen ibid. Manor of Trevose, church, Catacluse stone, ornamented fonts of it here, at Padstow, and in St. Constantine’s church, description of St. Constantine’s, font and pillars handsomely carved 178. Catacluse cliffs and a pier, feast of Constantine, and of St. Merryn, impropriation of tithes, the three Mr. Gurneys, hurling, account of it in Carew, statistics, incumbent, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 179. Trevose head 180 Merrifield, i. 134 Merrin, or Merryn, St. church, iii. 178. The living held by the name of Gurney above a century 179 ―――― parish, iii. 277 Merryan, St. i. 404 Merther, i. 113. Situation and possessor 44 ―――― or Merthyr manor, i. 241 bis ―――― parish, i. 242, 417――ii. 2――iii. 207, 209, 210, 214, 354 Merthyn, in Kerrier, iii. 133 Merthyr church, iii. 182 MERTHYR parish, by Hals, a vicarage, situation, boundaries, saint, his well and chapel, etymology of Eglos-Merthyr, daughter to Probus, mode of nomination to the benefice, iii. 180. Contests respecting it, deed of agreement 181. Variation in value, ancient name, consolidation with Probus, endowment, incumbent, land tax, Tresawsan, James Hals 182. His history, Governor of Montserrat, recalled by the King, gained over to the rebels, made prisoner at the siege of Plymouth, and committed to Lidford castle 183. His life spared, comparison of Sir Richard Grenville with Richard 3rd, James 1st, and Caligula, Hals detained at Lidford, and released by the arrival of Essex, Dr. Brown’s verses on Lidford castle 184. Custom of executing criminals before trial in Germany, Switzerland, and Carinthia, Hals’s family 186. Trewortha Vean and its possessors 188. By Tonkin, a daughter church to Probus ibid. Cornelly held with it, incumbent, manor of Fentongallen 189. Editor, Trevilian bridge, its situation, new road from Bodmin to Truro, Earl of Falmouth’s new road to Tregothnan, fairs, surrender of Lord Hopton’s army, church small, wooden tower, statistics ibid. Geology by Dr. Boase 190 Merton college, Oxford, iv. 86 ―――― convent, i. 300 Mervyn, St. parish, iii. 282 Merwyn, Sir Edmund, iii. 206 Meuthion, i. 11 Mevagissey parish, iii. 194, 319 MEVAGISSEY parish, by Hals, a vicarage, situation, boundaries, name, saints, ancient name and its etymology, patron, incumbent, impropriation, land tax, original name, iii. 190. Penwarne Trelevan 191. By Tonkin, church, tower, bells sold by the rebels ibid. Editor, Tonkin’s details omitted, Lysons’s additions, lately a poor fishing village, pier, convenient for the pilchard fishery, number of houses, Porthilly, manor of Trelevan and of Penwarne, capacity of the pool, Porthmellin cove, account of the manor and barton of Trelevan 192. Manors of Petuan and Penwarne 193. Barton of Trewincy, disposal of the tithes, a station for fishing with the seine nets, nature of the bay, fish tithed, vicarage house, glebe improved, singularities of Dr. Lyne, statistics 194. Incumbent, Geology by Dr. Boase 195 Mevaguisey, ii. 105 Mevassary, i. 419 Mevennus abbey, i. 98 Mewan, i. 41 ―――― St. Beacon, iii. 401 ―――― parish, i. 251, 413――iii. 190, 401, 448, 450, 455. Mr. Borlase rector of 54 MEWAN, ST. parish, by Hals, a rectory, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, Polgoth mine, iii. 195. Lefisick 196. Tonkin, patronage, incumbents, manor of Trewoone ibid. Editor, Hals’s various etymologies, pleasing appearance of the church, road from Truro to St. Austell improving ibid. Polgoth mine, increased working of mines, manor and village of Burngullo, manor of Trewoon, statistics 197. Rector, and Geology by Dr. Boase 198 Mewla, i. 11 Michael, St. Abbot of Glastonbury, iv. 26 ―――― St. the Archangel, ii. 172, 174, 283――iii. 198, 200, 208, 222.――Painted with wings, ii. 206. Vision of him 206, 208 ―――― St. bells christened after, iii. 210. Churches dedicated to 240, 398 ―――― St. chapel at Rame Head, iii. 375 ―――― St. Carhayes church, iii. 450 ―――― St. Carhayes parish, i. 310, 413.――Or Carhays, iv. 117 MICHAEL, ST. CARHAYES parish, by Hals, a rectory, situation, boundaries, ancient name, endowment, dedication, impropriation, patron, incumbent, iii. 198. Value of benefice, land tax, Trevanion and family 199. Tonkin, name, manor of Carhayes, Trevanion family 200. Description of the house 201. Trevanion, house and park, Porown Berry, Hurris, Treberrick, church, situation, description 202. Tower, tablet to Mr. Hooker 203. Editor, motives of the civil wars, part taken in those of York and Lancaster by the families of Edgecumbe, Trevanion and Bodrigan ibid. The two first on the winning side, division of Bodrigan’s property, the Trevanions unsuccessful on behalf of Charles, and compounded for their state, letter from Mr. John Trevanion to Mr. Henry Davis 204. Trevanion’s issue 205. Parishes of Rogate and Selburne in Sussex, Arun river and dale, manor of Fyning, parish church, etymology 206. Consolidated with St. Stephen and St. Dennis, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 207 ―――― St. de Lammana island, iv. 26 bis ―――― St. de Loo island, iv. 238 ―――― St. Penkivell church, Fentongollan aisle in, iii. 187 ―――― St. Penkivell manor, iii. 189 ―――― St. Penkivell parish, i. 140, 141, 215――ii. 356――iii. 180, 354, 464.――School at, ii. 32 MICHAEL, ST. PENKIVELL parish, by Hals, a rectory, situation, boundaries, antiquity, iii. 207. Dedication, value, patron, incumbent, land-tax, endowment, Fentongollan aisle and chantry 208. Fentongollan, its buildings, remembered by the writer, marble tomb-stone, the church a quarter cathedral 209. Bells baptized, form of the ceremony 210. Tonkin, hundred and situation, should have been named Fentongollan ibid. Fentongollan manor, its possessors 211. Once magnificent house now pulled down, Mopas Ferry, oysters spoiled by the copper ore, Treganyan, church tower, rectory house, Tregothnan 212. Boscawen family 213. Editor, Hals’s history diffuse ibid. That of Lysons substituted, Lysons, manor of Penkivell and of Fentongollan, hospitality of John Carminow 214. Tregothnan, Nancarrow ibid. Editor, Boscawen family, their origin 215. Took the liberal side in the rebellion and revolution 216. Hugh Boscawen arrested Sir Richard Vyvyan, Mr. Basset and others on the accession of George 1st, feuds occasioned by that step, Boscawen ennobled, imbecility and marriage of the 2nd Lord Falmouth 217. Admiral Boscawen, the Nelson of his time, his popularity in the navy 218. His marriage and issue, memoir of Dr. Walcot 219. His lines on the death of W. G. Boscawen 220. Situation and advantages of Tregothnan, old house of great antiquity, beauty and convenience of the new one, old church and massive tower, statistics, incumbent 221. Geology by Dr. Boase 222 Michael, St. rectory, i. 72 ――――’s hold, iii. 298 ――――’s, St. borough, Mr. Hussey, M.P. for, ii. 34 ――――’s, St. chair, ii. 175 bis, 200, 205, 207 ――――’s, St. chapel, ii. 201 ――――’s, St. mount, i. 88 bis, 261――ii. 80, 169, 170――iii. 274, 287, 298, 311――iv. 147, 165. By Leland 287. Its history. (See St. Hilary parish).――Cornish name for, ii. 200.――Abbot of, ii. 136, 169, 170 ――――’s St. Mount’s bay, iii. 81 bis, 82 ――――’s St. Mount island, iv. 238 ――――’s St. Mount monastery upon, iii. 136.――Priory of, ii. 208. Dissolved 191. Its property 208.――Priors of, i. 261――ii. 127, 209 iii. 124, 128――iv. 164, 165 ――――’s St. Mount in Normandy, ii. 176; and abbey in Periculo Maris 208 bis, 210 ――――’s St. shrine, ii. 215 ――――’s St. well, iii. 211 Michaelstow beacon, ii. 405 ―――― Mary, and family, iii. 222 ―――― parish, i. 1――ii. 401――iv. 42, 44, 93, 95 MICHAELSTOW parish, Hals, a rectory, situation, boundaries, name, ancient name, value of benefice, land-tax, Michaelstow family, iii. 222. Tonkin, name, patron, incumbent ibid. Editor, Helston in Trig manor, Helsbury park, ruins of an ancient castle, monuments in the church, Treveighan village, Trevenin, advowson, present rector, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 223 Michel manor, i. 389. Account of 392 ―――― by Leland, iv. 262 Michell borough, i. 391――iv. 20.――Account of 388. Members for 389. Compact for elections 391. Last election 391. F. Scobell, M.P. for 410. Illustrious representatives 390.――Humphrey Courtenay, M.P. for, ii. 385 ―――― Christopher, iii. 319. Paul 382. Richard 387.――John, iv. 77. Matthew 98 bis. His widow 98. Robert 55. Samuel 98. Mr. 74 ―――― of Harlyn, Miss, iii. 176. Heiress and family 177 ―――― foundation, Queen’s college, Oxford, ii. 139 ―――― or Mitchell parish, ii. 280. An adjective 171 Middle ages, ii. 215 ―――― Amble, ii. 336 Middleham church, iii. 114 Middlesex county, ii. 147 Middleton church, i. 248 Midhope, Rev. Stephen, of St. Martin’s, near Looe, turned anabaptist, iii. 123 Midhurst, Sussex, iii. 206 Midinnia, St. iii. 442 Midmain rock, iv. 28 Midshipmen subjected to ten years’ service, iii. 218 Midwinter, Robert, ii. 196 Milbrok, by Leland, iv. 282 Mileton of Pengersick, Miss, iv. 22 Milford haven, ii. 182 Militon, ii. 169. Job 193 ―――― of Pengerwick, i. 136 Millaton manor, iii. 44 Millett, i. 268. John 365.――Grace, Humphrey and Mary, ii. 218. Rev. Mr. 282. Family monuments 219.――Rev. John Curnow and Robert Oke, iii. 343 ―――― of Gurlin, St. Erth, William, ii. 224 Millington of Pengersick in Breage, ii. 212 Millinike, account of, ii. 67 Millinoweth, iii. 319 Milliton, i. 124. Story of Mr. 125. Job and William ibid. Arms ibid. Mills, Rev. Mr. of Veryan, iv. 122 ―――― of Exeter, Miss, iii. 162 Milor church, iii. 59. Churchyard, Milorus buried in 59 ―――― parish, ii. 2, 92, 337――iii. 305. See Mylor ―――― river, iii. 231 ――――’s, St. by Leland, iv. 271 Milorus, a Cornish prince, iii. 59 Milton, John, i. 310 Miners, lines upon, ii. 131 ―――― militia, ii. 85 Minerva, i. 295 Mingoose, i. 12 Minheneth, by Leland, iv. 281 Minors of St. Enedor, Anne and Henry, i. 211 Minster church, iii. 111 ―――― parish, ii. 48, 49 quat.――iii. 22, 39, 112――iv. 66, 68 MINSTER parish, Hals lost. Tonkin, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, iii. 232. Editor, ruins of a monastery, Tanner calls it an alien priory ibid. Dugdale’s additions, manor of Pollifont an appendage to the living, profits of the manor, situation of the church, monuments, epitaph 233. No church tower, legend of the bells, Botreaux castle and honour 234. Cotton and Phillipps family, attempt on the life of George 3rd, site of Botreaux castle, the great house, port of Botreaux castle, exportation of slate, and importation of coal and lime 235. Capabilities of the place for an extensive commerce, patrons of the living, late incumbent, manor of Worthy vale, inscribed stone marking the site of King Arthur’s death wound, statistics, present rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 236 ―――― priory, iii. 39――iv. 105.――Prior of, ii. 49 ―――― in Kerrier, iii. 111 bis.――An alien priory, iv. 101. Prior of 68 ―――― in Tolcarne, an alien priory, iv. 101 Minver, St. Church, i. 74.――Spire, latitude and longitude of, iii. 281 ―――― or Minvor, St. parish, i. 367, 382――ii. 67, 332.――Rev. William Sandys, vicar of, iii. 10 MINVER, ST. or St. Mynfer parish, Hals, a vicarage, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land-tax, Trevillva barton, iii. 237. MS. here deficient. Tonkin only repeats part of Hals. Editor, former impropriation, value of benefice, manor of Bodmin bestowed on Sternhold for his version of the Psalms, Mr. Sandy’s 238. Travelled with Lord de Dunstanville, called the Cardinal, monument to Mrs. Sandys, manor of Penmear, Trevernon 239. Monument to Thomas Darell, Pentire point, Trevelver, dangerous estuary, bridge over it, two district chapels, highlands and lowlands, sale of the bells 240. Though inscribed Alfredus Rex, lines on bells, especially Great Tom of Oxford, statistics, present vicar and patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 241 Miracle of transporting St. Catherine’s body, ii. 3. Of the thundering legion 76 Misall Romanorum, i. 393 Mitchel of Hengar, i. 131 Mitchell borough, i. 61――iii. 81, 322, 324. Description of 268. Constitution 271 ―――― Robert, ii. 96. Rev. Mr. 299, 302, 315.――Rev. Mr. of Maker, iii. 101. Rev. Mr. of Merthyr 190. Rev. Mr. of St. Mewan 195.――James, John, and Thomas, brothers, iv. 73. Captain 94 ―――― of Truro, i. 398 bis ―――― Humphrey Borlase, Lord, iii. 268 ―――― Morton manor, ii. 416 Mithian manor, i. 7――ii. 192. Free chapel in 12 Moddern, ii. 286 Moderet, John, i. 283 Modeton, iii. 438 Modford in Launceston, iii. 136 Modishole manor, iii. 269 Mogul’s country, ii. 227 Mogun bridge, by Leland, and trajectus, iv. 269 Mogun’s, St. church, iii. 332 ―――― creek, iii. 332 Mohammed, the Sultan, interfered in the contest of the Paleolagi, took Constantinople, &c. ii. 367. Puts an envoy in irons 368 Mohun, i. 63, 302. John 65, 255. Reginald 65, 255, 301, 356 Sir Reginald 7, 65 bis, 345, 346 quat. 356. Sibella 8. William 7, 301. Arms 351, 356. Pedigree from the Conquest 66.――John de, ii. 409 bis. Sir John 410. Sir John or Sir Reginald, story of 402. Reginald 56, 409 bis. Sir Reginald 410. Family 409, 410 bis, 412. Monuments 411.――Reginald de, iii. 293, 303. Family 303.――Sir William, iv. 15. Family 44. Arms 96.――Lord, i. 65――ii. 410――iii. 315――iv. 14, 186.――Charles Lord, i. 65. His duel with the Duke of Hamilton 66 and 67. His character 67. Wife drowned ibid.――John, Lord 65, 255.――John, Lord, of Dunster castle, Somersetshire, ii. 409 bis.――Warwick, Lord, i. 65――ii. 410 Mohun of Hall, Sir William, ii. 56 ―――― of Lithony, i. 420. Warwick, ib. ―――― of Tencreek, i. 255. Warwick, William, and arms 255 ―――― of Trewinard, i. 356 bis Mola, ancient chapel at, i. 12 Molesworth, i. 61 bis, 74, 266 bis, 397. Hon. John 368. Sir John 399. Sir William 117. Rev. William 117, 406.――Rev. H. ii. 364. Sir John 273. Sir W. 88. Family 151, 273, 356, 357.――Hender, iii. 214. John 234. Sir William 335. Family 334.――Sir John, iv. 64. Rev. W. of St. Winnow 159 bis. Family 44, 65, 127 ―――― of Molesworth, Sir Walter, a crusader, i. 369, 375 ―――― of Pencarrow, i. 416. Hender 370 bis. Sir Hender 370 bis, 375. John 370 ter., 375, 397. Sir John 116, 370, 374, 375. Arms 370.――Family, ii. 274, 334――iii. 170――iv. 163 ―――― of Pendavy, Sir William, i. 377 ―――― of Tretane, John, i. 369, 370 Molton, ii. 76 Mona, i. 194 Monasticon Anglicanum, i. 168――ii. 62, 176――iii. 103, 111――iv. 6, 100, 156 Monck, Mr. of Devon, ii. 251.――General, his conduct characterized, iii. 460 ―――― of Potheridge, Devon, Humphrey, ii. 251 ―――― frigate, iii. 186 Monckton, Henry de, i. 383.――Family, ii. 354 ―――― Arundell, Robert, Viscount Galway, ii. 354 Monheere, George, iii. 387 Monk, General, i. 116――ii. 26――iv. 75 bis.――His refusal to give or take quarter, and victory over the Dutch, entertained by Capt. Penrose, ii. 26. Again defeats the Dutch 27. Sir John Grenville, the bearer of the King’s letters to 345. Rev. Nicholas, brother of the general 345.――Family, i. 36, 302――ii. 5 ―――― frigate, ii. 28. Discharged unpaid 29 Monks of St Benedict, i. 73; or Benedictine, ii. 208 Monmouth, Jeffery of, Bishop of St. Asaph, i. 342 ―――― Duke of, his invasion, iii. 160 Monotholites, ii. 125 Monpesson, Sir Giles, i. 223 Montacute, William, Earl of Salisbury, i. 339.――Earl, ii. 91. Marquis 182 ―――― priory in Somersetshire, iii. 261 bis――iv. 112 ter., 113 bis, 122. Monks of 112 Montagu, Lady Anne and Edward, Earl of Sandwich, iii. 104 Montague, M. A. Browne, of Cowdray castle, Sussex, Lord, iii. 231 Montgomery, Arnold de, i. 34.――Roger de, Earl of Arundell, iii. 142 ―――― iv. 8 Monton, David de, i. 246 Montpelier, iii. 400 Montreuil, ii. 127. In France, siege of 196 Moone, Thomas, iii. 346 Moor, Mr. i. 254 Moore, Sir Thomas, ii. 53 Moorman, Dr. John, Vicar of Menheniot, iii. 170 Moorwinstow parish, iv. 16 Mopas passage, iii. 212 Moran, St. iv. 277 Morden, by Leland, iv. 270 Mordred, cousin of King Arthur, i. 337, 372.――His battle with Arthur, ii. 402. Mortally wounded 403 Morea, ii. 366 bis, 367. Attacked by the Turks 367. Despots of 367 bis Morehead family, property sold, iii. 20 Moreland in Lesnewith, iii. 133 Moreps, ii. 121 Moreri, i. 111.――His Dictionnaire Historique, ii. 207――iv. 157 Mores manor, i. 202, 203, 204 Moresk manor, iii. 354 MOREWINSTOW parish, Hals lost. Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name and saint, a vicarage, value of benefice, patron, impropriation, iii. 254. Editor, later value and impropriation, present impropriation, rise of the river Tamar, west part rugged, situation and size of church ibid. Monuments, villages, Stanbury manor, error of Lysons, Stanbury, Bishop of Hereford, Tonacombe Lea farm 255. Cleave house, Chapel house, statistics, late vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase, Dunstone rocks, cliffs of Stanbury creek 256 Morgan, Rev. W. A. of Lewannick, iii. 38.――Of Tresmere, iv. 65 Morice, Barbara and Sir William, i. 116.――Family, ii. 256. Sir Nicholas 175. Sir William, family and property 334 ―――― of Werrington, Catherine, i. 265, 266. Sir Nicholas and Sir William 265.――Family, iii. 178.――Edward, iv. 94 ―――― St. Oratory of, ii. 75 Morike church, iii. 190 Moris manor, i. 396――ii. 2.――Duchy manor, iv. 72 Morisk castle, iv. 228 Morrice, i. 74 Morris, Sir William and his family, iii. 460. Rev. Mr. 97. Mr. executed 184 ―――― town, i. 266 Morrison, Rev. F. H. ii. 416 Morsa parish, ii. 282 Morshead, Rev. Edward, i. 159.――William, ii. 154. Mr. 87. Family, iii. 172――iv. 60 ―――― of Cartuther, Sir John, i. 321 Mortaigne or Morton, Earl of, ii. 208, 358, 399. His market 70. Robert 175, 176, 202, 203 bis, 211, 235, 238, 379, 384, 422. His charter to St. Michael’s mount 210. William, Earl of, said to have built Lanceston castle, and to have drawn the inhabitants from Dunhevet to that town 418 Mortayne, iii. 438 Morth, John and William, iv. 22 Mortimer, Eleanor, i. 64. Roger 339. Roger, Earl of March and Ulster 64 Morton, iii. 14, 65――iv. 22 ―――― Earl of, i. 134――iii. 261, 264, 276. John 296. Robert 112, 203 bis, 418, 419. William 203 ter.――Robert, iii. 14, 27, 44, 46, 117, 291, 346, 349, 352, 451 bis. Robert Guelam 462.――Robert, iv. 15, 67. William 110, 122.――Matilda, Countess of, ii. 211 ―――― Earl of Cornwall and, iii. 22 ―――― and Cornwall, Earl of, William, ii. 175.――Robert, iv. 102, 118, 153. William 100 ―――― Thomas, mayor of Launceston, ii. 423.――John, iv. 2, 3. Family and arms 3 ―――― honor, iv. 96, 112 ―――― manor, ii. 235――iv. 68 ―――― prior of, ii. 49 Morun, St. unknown, ii. 356 Morva or Morvah, parish, iii. 82, 89, 425 bis――iv. 164 MORVA parish, Hals lost. Tonkin, situation, boundaries, daughter to Madderne, etymology, Tregamynyon, iii. 242. The Golden Lanyon, his improvement in roofing houses, Carvolghe manor 243. Editor, church re-built, its situation, patron, curious entrenchment 243. Described, called Castle Chiowne, destroyed by depredations, a Cromleigh, Carn Galva, statistics 244. Geology by Dr. Boase 245 Morval manor, iii. 246, 248, 361. House 249 ―――― parish, iii. 427, 463. By Looe 118 MORVAL parish, Hals lost. Tonkin, situation, boundaries, ancient name, a vicarage, value, etymology, iii. 245. Editor, Tonkin’s etymology mistaken, Sir Hugh de Morville one of Becket’s murderers, state of Cornwall during the wars of the roses, murder and robbery of John Glynn 246. His widow’s petition to parliament, schedule of property stolen 247. Buller family 248. Morval manor house, improved 249. Bray, epitaph on Philip Mayow, Dr. John Mayow 250. Dr. Beddoes, Sir Humphrey Davy introduced to him by the Editor, Wood’s memoir of Dr. Mayow 251. His works, Polgover, Lydcott, Wringworthy, Sand Place village, situation of church, monuments 252. Impropriation of tithes, patron, incumbent, Bindon hill, prospect from it, road passes nearly over its summit, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 253 Morval town, iii. 247 Morvall, i. 316――ii. 59 Morville, Sir Hugh de, iii. 246 Morwell, by Leland, iv. 282 Morwen, St. iii. 116, 254 Morwenna, i. 2 Morwinstow, ii. 340 Morysk castle, iv. 229 Moses, ii. 65 Motiled, ii. 427 Moune, William, i. 65 bis Mount of the tomb, ii. 208 Mount or Mount’s bay, i. 227――ii. 118, 120, 169, 174, 176, 182, 207. Trees found in 173――iii. 46, 48, 78, 83, 97, 98, 215, 283, 375. See St. Michael’s, Mount’s Bay ―――― Calvary, a Cornish poem, i. 109――ii. 99 bis, 152. Extract from 99; and Keigwyn’s translation of, iii. 288. Both published by Editor 329 ―――― Charles, i. 368 ―――― Edgecumbe, iii. 108, 110. Account of 107. Partly in Devon 104. Described by Carew ibid. Possessors of 101. House built 103. The only seat in Cornwall superior to Tregothnan 221 ―――― Edgecumbe, cliff at, iii. 380 ―――― Edgecumbe, Countess of, ii. 364.――Earl of, iii. 29, 195, 379――iv. 92.――Lord, i. 154――ii. 100, 393 ―――― Seyntaubyn, i. 262 ―――― Sinai, monastery upon, ii. 37 ―――― Stephens, John, his life and tragical death, and speculations upon the latter, i. 84 ―――― Toby, i. 158 Mountague hill, Somersetshire, ii. 283 Mounts, i. 84 Mountserat island, iii. 183 Mourton, James, ii. 193 Mousehole manor, iii. 91 ―――― village, iii. 286, 288, 290, 291. Account of 286. Destroyed by the Spaniards 91 Moushole, ii. 174 Mowne, William, i. 66 bis. Reginald, Lord Dunster 66. William, Lord Dunster 66. William, Earl of Somerset 66 bis Mowpass passage, iii. 464 Mowsehole, by Leland, iv. 286 Moyes, J. R. ii. 160 bis Moyle, i. 44, 45, 74. Ann and David 260. Nathaniel 371.――Family, ii. 67. Thomas 67. Miss 77, 255. Mr. 77 quin., 78, 350 Moyle of Bake, i. 222. Sir Walter 375.――Walter, ii. 76, 77. His works 76.――Sir Walter and his daughter, iii. 2 ―――― of Beke, John, Sir Walter, and arms, ii. 67 ―――― of Bodmin, ii. 67 ―――― of Boke, Elizabeth and Sir Walter, i. 243, 244 ―――― of Moyle, ii. 67 ―――― of Oxford, ii. 67 ―――― of Pendavy, i. 375. Nathaniel ibid. ――――of Trefurans, ii. 67 Moyn, Reginald, Earl of Somerset, i. 66 Mudgan, iii. 126. Account of 125 Mudge, Colonel, iv. 31 Mullion cove, iii. 259 ―――― parish, i. 301; or Mullyan, ii. 116, 126――iii. 128, 416, 419, 424. In Kerrier 164 MULLION parish, Hals lost. Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, dedication, a vicarage, patron, incumbent, impropriation, endowment, value, the saint, iii. 257. Editor, church ancient, painted glass ibid. Monument and epitaph to Mr. Favell, tower, tithes, manor of Pradannock, divided into higher and lower, Clahar manor, parish feast, St. Malo’s day, late vicar, statistics 258. Geology by Dr. Boase, Kinance cove, Mullion cove, Bolerium cove. Editor, beauty of Kinance cove, description of it and of the Cornish rocks generally 259. Erica vagans and asparagus officinalis 260 Mundy, i. 232 ter. John, bis, Sir John and arms 232 ―――― of Rialton, Anne and John, iii. 186 Mundye, Anthony, ii. 10 Murray, Mr. of Albemarle-street, iii. 251 Murth, Jeffrey and John, iv. 25. Mr. 24. Family ibid. Arms 25 Musgrave, Dr. W. letters to, ii. 76 Musical air, ancient, found in Scotland, Ireland, and Cornwall, supposed to be British, ii. 166 Muttenham, etymology and resident, i. 104 Mydhop of Essex, Henry, Roger and arms, i. 320 Mylbrooke, iv. 291 Mylor manor, iii. 228 bis ―――― parish, ii. 11 MYLOR parish, Hals lost, situation, boundaries, saint, value of benefice, a vicarage, patron, incumbent, impropriation, Carclew barton and its possessors, iii. 224. House built by Mr. Kempe, tin 225; and antimony, Restronget manor, and passage with a ferry boat, part of Penryn manor, Trefusis and Tregoze manors 226. Trefusis family, house, &c. Nankersy, its etymology, town of Flushing, the Dutch would have made it commercial, Mr. Trefusis improved it at great expense 227. Better situated for packets than Falmouth, Mylor manor, situation and description of the church 228. Editor, error in the valuation, monuments in the church 228. Westmacott’s to Reginald Cocks, Carclew, the Lemon family, Polvellan described 229. Colonel Lemon a proficient in music, Sir William improved Carclew, Sir Charles’s further improvements, erica ciliaris, Trefusis family 230. Situation of Trefusis, Flushing an elegant town. Tonkin’s etymology of Restrongel, present vicar, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 231 ―――― pool, iii. 224, 228 Mynor, Anne and Henry, i. 222 Mynors of St. Enedor, Anne and Henry, iii. 135 ―――― of Treago, i. 248. Anne 249 Myra, in Lysia, St. Nicholas, Archbishop of, iv. 172

Naal or Natal Abbot, iii. 432 Naboth’s vineyard, i. 329 Nacothan, John, iii. 387 Nampara, iii. 326, 327 Nampetha, iii. 319 Nancar, account of, i. 256 Nancarrow estate, i. 19――iii. 215 ―――― family, i. 20 Nance in Illogan, iv. 129 ―――― i. 298.――Family and arms, ii. 239.――John, iv. 129, 130. Arms 129 ―――― of Chester family, iii. 382 ―――― of Nance, ii. 337 ―――― Mellin, iii. 326 Nanceolvern, possessors of, iii. 88 Nanfan of Trethewoll, John, Richard and arms, i. 408 Nanfon, sheriff of Cornwall, ii. 186 Nankersy, tenement, account of, iii. 227. A Dutch town on it ibid. Nankivell, Rev. Edw. of St. Agnes and Stithians, iv. 5 Nanquitty, ii. 57 Nansant church, ii. 256 Nansanton, Nassington or Naffeton, iii. 334, 335 Nansaugh barton, account of, ii. 354 Nansavallan, account of, by the Editor, ii. 305. By Hals 299. By Tonkin 303 ―――― farm, improvement of, ii. 306 Nanskevall or Typpel, of St. Colomb, Matthew, Richard and arms, iv. 139 Nansloe, account of, ii. 139 Nansoath manor, account of, ii. 353 Nansperian, i. 349 ter. Arms 349 Nanswhiddon, account of, i. 223 Nanswidden in St. Colomb, ii. 143 Nantellan, i. 257 Nants, ii. 236. Account of 238 Nantval, i. 413 Napleton, Rev. John, ii. 33 Napoleon’s use of the Pitt diamond, i. 69 Narbonne, general chapter of, i. 81 Nare, the, i. 330 ―――― point, i. 330 Nash, the architect, iii. 205 Nation, Rev. Mr. ii. 332 Natural history, the learned Dr. Lombard ignorant of, ii. 408 Naunton’s, St. chapel and well, i. 257 Nautical Almanack, description of, conducted by Dr. Maskelyne, since improved, ii. 233 Nava family, ii. 80 Naval affairs after the seven years war, ii. 246 ―――― power, iii. 154 Navarre, Blanche, Queen of, iii. 19 Naw Voz or Naw Whoors, i. 220 Nectan, i. 2――iv. 156 ―――― St. or Nighton, iv. 155. His history 155 ―――― chapel, iv. 157 Nelson, Admiral Boscawen compared with, iii. 218 Neocæsarea, i. 388 Neot, St. iii. 261, 262.――His body stolen, i. 99.――His life, ii. 396――iii. 262. A relation of Alfred, Alfred visited him, was advised by him in founding the university of Oxford, his remains 263 Neot’s, St. church, iii. 20. Its windows 363.――Curious painting in, ii. 298 ―――― manor, iii. 260, 261 ―――― parish, i. 174, 178――ii. 395――iii. 111, 347――iv. 48, 128, 129.――Alfred’s visit to, iii. 241 NEOT’S, ST. parish, Hals’s, MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, a vicarage, value, patrons, incumbent, iii. 260. Manor of St. Neot 261. By Editor, error in Tonkin’s valuation, Lysons on the manors of this parish, manor and advowson united ibid. Mr. Grylls restored the church, its situation, St. Guerir, performed a miraculous cure on Alfred, St. Neot related to Alfred, his singular penance and miraculous powers, Alfred frequently visited him, his death 262. Appeared after death to Alfred, led his armies, and advised him to found Oxford university, his relics stolen, the monastery suppressed after the Conquest, his memory cherished, diminutive stature, painted glass preserved for his sake, description of the church 263. Windows, voluntary contributions, preserved through the Reformation and Civil War, since falling into decay till restored by Mr. Grylls, “Hedgeland’s Description, &c.” 264. Dozmere, marvellous tales relating to it, story of Mr. Tregagle condemned to empty it with a limpet shell having a hole bored in it, his roaring 265. Etymology of Dozmere, statistics, incumbent, Geology by Dr. Boase 266 ――――’s, St. an alien priory, iv. 101 Neotston or Neot’s place, iii. 261 Nero, the Roman emperor, i. 329――iv. 101 Nesta, Princess of Wales, i. 34 Nettlebed manor, iv. 4, 5 bis Nettlecombe, Somersetshire, iv. 114 Neustria pillaged by the Normans, ii. 90 Neville, Richard, Earl of Salisbury, and Margaret his daughter, ii. 182. Richard Earl of Warwick 38. His cognizance on Fowey church 38. Grants the Foy men commissions for privateering 40. His commission to punish the Foy pirates 41 Nevres, St. Dye, Bishop of, ii. 133 New bridge, i. 138 ―――― Cambridge, iii. 72 ―――― Holland, captain Bligh, governor of, iv. 45 ―――― York, ii. 268 Newcastle, ii. 28 ―――― Hollis, Duke of, iii. 147 Newcome, i. 160 Newcomen, Mr. of Dartmouth, ii. 83 Newenham, Devon, Cistercian abbey at, iii. 293 Newham abbey, Devon, its dissolution, iv. 15 Newhaven, Charles Cheney, viscount, iii. 458 Newlan, Newlin or Newlyn parish, ii. 174, 270――iii. 81, 97, 99, 112, 313, 317, 324, 333, 358――iv. 20.――Vicarage, i. 130 Newland parish, i. 230, 245, 386, 393 NEWLIN, or ST. NEWLIN parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, saint, a vicarage, value, patron, tithe appropriation, incumbent, manor of Cargol, ruins and prison there, Treludra, iii. 267. Humphrey Borlase adhered to King James 2nd, Treludra or Borlase Pippin, borough of Mitchell, described by Browne Willis, manor 268. Degembris, Palmaunter, Tresilian, Treworthen manors 269. Trerice manor 270. By Editor, valuation, impropriation, situation and description of church, carved work, Arundell vault ibid. Monument to Mr. Pooley, incumbent Mr. Polwhele, manor of Cargols, and Treludra, borough of Michell, its constitution 271. Remarks upon it, close boroughs in general and the Reform Act, Shepherds, Sir C. Hawkins’s lead and silver mine 272. Mr. John Giddy a memoir of him, his death, quotation from Juvenal 273. Manor of Newlyn, story of Sir John Arundell, John for the King and his son the first lord of Trerice, the house at Trerice, Tresilian improved, statistics 274. Present vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase, Trevemper bridge, Black Lime rock, the town a village in the parish of Paul 275 Newlin, by Leland, iv. 265, 286 Newlyn, James de, iii. 287 ―――― manor, iii. 274 ―――― town, iii. 275, 286. Account of 288, 289 Newnham manor, ii. 318 Newport borough, ii. 420, 432.――Its history and small extent, iii. 458. Bought by the Duke of Northumberland 460. Charles Cheyney, M.P. for 458 ―――― town, iii. 461――iv. 51 Newquay, i. 236. Account of 234, 235 Newton, Sir Isaac, iii. 174.――His theory of gravitation, &c. ii. 222 ―――― account of, iii. 161 ―――― Ferrers, West, iii. 164. Its possessors 165 Nicene Creed, i. 252 Nicholas, Mrs. of Looe, i. 286 ―――― Pope, ii. 354, 356, 365, 384, 394, 398, 411, 412, 414――His taxatio Beneficiorum, iii. 5, 7, 41, 44, 46, 56, 106 bis, 172, 228, 232, 238, 257, 261, 270, 276, 278, 291, 400, 453 bis――iv. 113 ―――― 2nd, Pope, i. 110 ―――― 4th, ―――― iv. 152 ―――― 5th, ―――― iv. 148 ―――― St. supposed by Tonkin to be the patron saint of Kellington parish, ii. 311. A popular saint, held in high veneration in Russia, his history, kept the Roman fasts when an infant 312. His festival celebrated by the boy bishop 313.――The patron of infants, iv. 172. Of mariners 171. His history 172 ―――― St. church, Bodmin, belonging to Franciscan friars, great dimensions, converted into a house of correction and market place, i. 79, and court-house 80. Its font 80. Revenues 83 ―――― island, iii. 101――iv. 238 ―――― St. in Scilly, priory and prior, iv. 171 ―――― Shambles, London, i. 83 Nicholl of Penrose, Anthony, ii. 384 Nicholls, i. 74, 305 bis――ii. 130.――Frank, M. D. iii. 84. Walter 16. William 85 bis. Mrs. 85. Family 83, 84, 90 ―――― of Penrose, ii. 153 ―――― of Trewane, ii. 338. John 335, 339 quat. Arms 339 Nichols, J. and Son, Parliament-street, ii. 295, 296――iii. 45, 120, 264――iv. 25 ―――― i. 109, 178, 221.――Family, iii. 243, 343 ―――― of Trewane, i. 173, 416 Nicholson, Margaret, i. 134――iv. 45 Nicolas, Sir Harris, iii. 138 Nicoll, Anthony, iv. 96. Humphrey 97 Nietstone, iv. 48 Nightingale, i. 144 Nikenor, by Leland, iv. 265 Nile, battle of, iii. 160 Nine maids, i. 221. Account of 220.――In Gwendron, ii. 137 Ninnis, ii. 218 Niveton, i. 174 “Noble ingratitude,” iv. 98 Noles, Mrs. Elizabeth, ii. 84 Norden, J. i. 341, 350――ii. 336, 414, 417――iii. 75, 360, 361――iv. 41 Norfolk, iii. 248 ―――― Thomas Howard, Duke of, iii. 293 Norman Conquest, ii. 62, 80, 92, 94, 106, 126, 129, 151, 155, 165, 258, 291, 299, 319, 335, 381――iii. 33, 56, 59, 74, 78, 114, 118, 130 bis, 151, 168, 175, 207, 208, 209, 222, 264, 363, 391, 393, 402, 403, 419, 425, 428, 436, 456――iv. 66, 71 bis, 99, 100, 140, 160, 164 ―――― French, life of Guy Earl of Warwick in, iii. 113 ―――― magnificence, ii. 423 Normandy, i. 335 quat., 336――ii. 179 bis, 202――iv. 103, 144 ―――― Duke of, iii. 130. Robert and William 462.――Rolle, ii. 344, 347 Normans, i. 256――iv. 99 ―――― petition for and obtain letters of marque against Fowey and burn it, ii. 39. Pillage Neustria 90. Their castles, the keeps spacious 423 North, Lord, ii. 245. Lord Keeper 255 bis. Mr. Tregenna married his relation 255 ―――― hill parish, ii. 230――iii. 37, 43 Northampton, John, i. 341 Northcott, i. 108, 111 Northill, i. 21, 409 Northmore of Oakhampton, Devon, Mr. iii. 41 Northumberland, i. 289, 290 ter.――iv. 42 ―――― Hugh 1st Duke of, iii. 460 bis. Josceline Percy, Earl of 460 ―――― Ethelfred, King of, ii. 284 Norton manor, iv. 15 Norton Rolle manor, ii. 416, 427 Noseworthy, Edward, ii. 260――iii. 5, 238. William 83.――Francis, iv. 77 Nosworthy, Edward, i. 36 bis. John 36.――Edward, ii. 51, 55 ter. His lawsuit 51. Family 55 bis ―――― of Truro, Jane, i. 243 Notitia Monastica, i. 200 ―――― Parliamentaria, i. 200 Nottingham, ii. 76 ―――― castle, ii. 179 Nowell, Mr. made a fortune at Falmouth, ii. 19.――Michael, of Falmouth, iii. 77 Noy, i. 143 bis. Edward 147. Hesther and Humphrey 144. William 144 quat. Attorney-general 147 Noye, William, Attorney-general, ii. 66, 160. Bought the estate of Lanew, Colonel Humphrey his son dispossessed after an expensive litigation by the Earl of Bath 333. Sold his title to Davies 334. The Editor their descendant and heir at law 339 ―――― of Pendrea, in Burian, Bridgman, iii. 145, 159, 160. Catherine 152 bis, 159. Edward 145 bis, 152 bis, 153, 156. His duel 152, 156. Humphrey 145. Colonel Humphrey 145, 152 bis, 153 quat., 156, 159 bis, 160. His marriage contract 157. His monument 151. Katherine 145. William 145. William, Attorney-general 143, 145, 151, 152, 161, 342. Memoir of him 143. L’Estrange’s character of him, his death, and descendants, entertaining Charles 1st 145. Upheld the extreme prerogative 146. Received the thanks of his college, having pleaded its cause gratis, with the report from the college register 155. His picture, a copy presented by the Editor to Exeter college 156. Anagram on his name 146. His will 152. His works 153. Catalogue of them 154. His MSS. in the British Museum 154. His “Reports”, 145, 154. Family 216.――Arms, i. 361――iii. 145, 151. Crest and motto 151.――Hester, widow of Humphrey, her petition, iv. 57. Colonel Humphrey served Charles 1st 58. William, Attorney-general 57 bis, 58. Family 57 Nugent, iii. 192.――George Lord, his life of Hampden, ii. 77. His account of the quarrel of Eliot and Moyle 78. His memorials of Hampden 349.――Lord 349 Nunn, St. mother of St. David, iii. 292 Nunn’s, St. pool, method of cure, i. 21 Nunne, St., day dedicated to, i. 25 Nuns, Benedictine, i. 73 Nutcell, St. Boniface, Abbot of, iv. 128 Nutcombe, Rev. Nutcombe, Chancellor of Exeter, iii. 4 Nutwell, i. 168, 169 Nympha bank, iii. 6

Oak bark, decoction of, preserves fishing nets, ii. 264 Oakeston, Sir Alexander, ii. 8, 109――iii. 448.――Joan, his widow, ii. 109 Oakhampton, i. 170. Borough 65 Oakstone, Sir Alexander, i. 36 Oate of Peransabulo, i. 348 Oats, John, iii. 318 bis. Thomas 318 quat. Mr. and origin of name 318 Observatory, Royal, Mr. Hitchins and his son assistants at, ii. 222, 224 Ocrinum, ii. 94, 199. Of Ptolemy 174. Promontory supposed to be the Lizard 20 Octa, i. 326 Octanett family, ii. 341 Odin, i. 341 Odo, Mr. ii. 426 Œdipus Tyrannus, ii. 103 Ogbere or Ugbere tenement, iv. 41 Okeford, Devon, Mr. Haden, incumbent of, iii. 19. Rev. James Parkin, rector 96 Oklynton Brygge, iv. 255 Olea fragrans, iv. 183 Oliver, Thomas, ii. 189.――Dr. iii. 88. Mr. of Falmouth 159.――Rev. Mr. of Zennar, iv. 164 “Oliver’s Historic Collections,” iii. 372 Oncomb, Rutland, ii. 89 Opie, i. 368.――The artist, iii. 88 ―――― of Ennis, i. 399 bis. John and Robert ibid. ―――― of Towton, i. 399. Arms ibid. Oppie, Thomas, iii. 387 Orange, Prince of, ii. 112――iii. 216, 297 Orcett, ii. 340 Orchard, Charles, iii. 349. Family 415, 416. Paul 413, 414, 416 ―――― of Alderscombe, ii. 347. Memorials in church 347 ―――― of Hartland Abbey, Paul, ii. 347 ―――― of Orcott family, and Charles, Sheriff of Cornwall, ii. 343 ―――― Mauvais, East, manor, iv. 136 Orcot, account of, ii. 343 Ordgar, Duke of Devon, iv. 6.――Earl of Devonshire, iii. 384, 460 Ordnance, Mr. Call’s improvements in, iv. 11 Ordulf, Earl of Devonshire, iii. 385 Orestes, iii. 265 Orford, George Walpole, Earl of, iii. 230 bis Origen, i. 193, 388 Orleans, Duke of, Regent of France, purchases the Pitt Diamond, i. 68. Wears it in his hat 69 Ornithologum longibracteatum, iv. 182 Orosius, ii. 237 Osbaldeston, Miss, ii. 34 Osbert, i. 383.――Mr. iv. 44, 46 Osborne family, iv. 173 Osca, a town in Spain, i. 88 Oseney Abbey, iii. 241 Osmunda Regalis, iv. 181 Osraig clan, iii. 331 Osseney North, near Oxford, iv. 5 Ossian, ii. 405. His poems 406 Ossory, Bishop and Archdeacon of, iv. 146 bis ―――― county, ii. 94――iii. 331 Ossuna, Don Diego, Bishop of, i. 311 Oswald, St. iii. 33 Otaheite, discovery of, i. 359――iii. 405 Otham or Othram manor, iii. 276 Other half stone, i. 178 bis, 180, 182 bis, 183 Othonna pectinata, iv. 182 Otterham parish, ii. 86 bis, 232, 273 bis――iii. 22――iv. 61, 125, 127 OTTERHAM parish, Hals lost. Tonkin, situation, boundaries, iii. 275. Value, ancient name, a rectory, patron and incumbent 276. Editor, manor, church, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase ibid. Ottery St. Mary, i. 394 Ottomans destroyed the wall of Constantinople, ii. 366 Oughtred, Sir Anthony, defeats the French fleet, ii. 171 Ovid, passage from, i. 189.――Notes on, iv. 87 Owen, G. W., iv. 60, 276 Oxalis, iv. 182 Oxenham of Oxenham in Devon, iv. 25 Oxford, i. 84, 247――ii. 60, 65, 138, 139, 221, 241, 389――iii. 52, 160, 329――iv. 14.――Bath stone brought to, i. 58.――Arms of, and tradition connected with them, ii. 404 ―――― near Sevenoaks, iv. 87 ―――― county, iii. 156 ―――― Earl of, John de Vere, i. 262, 402. Richard de Vere 262, 263.――Aubrey last of the De Veres, ii. 395. John 12th Earl 181 bis. John 13th Earl 182, 183 bis, 184. John 14th Earl 185. Richard 11th Earl 181. Richard 395.――Richard de Vere 11th Earl, iii. 65 ―――― press, iii. 123.――Delegates from, ii. 266 ―――― University, ii. 147, 233, 266――iii. 72, 155, 163, 221, 239, 300 bis, 336 bis, 344, 352――iv. 69, 144, 145.――Founded, iii. 264.――J.P. Rigaud, Professor of Astronomy at, ii. 376 ―――― verses, ii. 348 Oxnam, Richard, iii. 89 Oysters poisoned by the copper, iii. 212

Pabenham, John de, i. 370 Pacific Ocean, coral reefs in, iii. 108 Padestock, iii. 324 Paddistow, by Leland, iv. 284 Padestow, by Leland, iv. 260 Padstow church, i. 74.――Font in, iii. 178 ―――― harbour, ii. 253――iii. 236, 382, 423 ―――― haven, i. 372, 373 bis, 376 bis, 381 ―――― parish, i. 377――ii. 79, 256 bis, 299――iii. 175, 334 bis, 435.――Rev. William Rawlings, rector, ii. 400.――Etymology, iii. 176 PADSTOW parish, Hals lost. Tonkin, situation, boundaries, Leland’s account of the town, privileges derived from Athelstan, ancient names, value of benefice, St. Petroc born there, Fuller and Collier upon St. Petroc, church a vicarage, value, iii. 277. Patron, incumbent 278. Editor, named from St. Petroc, value of benefice, Whitaker’s conjecture that Mr. Prideaux lived on the site of St. Petroc’s monastery, character of him ibid. Carew’s account of the house, its erection and improvements, church 279. Prideaux monuments, town not large, harbour inconvenient, prospects of its improvement, Mr. William Rawlins brought a considerable trade, tithes split, several chapels, St. Sampson’s 280. Account of St. Sampson, a beautiful walk, St. Saviour’s chapel, origin of that name, domestic tragedy contained in a black letter pamphlet, trigonometrical survey, Stepper point 281. Time of high water, statistics, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase, slate at Dinah’s Cave and Rock Ferry 282. Singular crystalline rock, Penniscen bay, Yealm bridge in Werrington 283 ―――― rock, i. 74, 94 ―――― town, iii. 331 Pagan army employed by the Christian Emperor of Rome, ii. 75 ―――― inhabitants of Cornwall converted, iii. 304 Pagans, iii. 285 Page, i. 263 Paget, Rev. Mr. of St. Mewan, iii. 196.――Rev. Simon of Truro, iv. 76 Pagett, Rev. Mr. of Truro, iv. 71 Painter, i. 344――ii. 316 ―――― of Antrim, i. 351 ―――― of Trelisick, ii. 99 Paldys tin mine, ii. 131 Paleolagi of Montferrat, ii. 369 bis Paleolagus dynasty, account of, ii. 366. Andronicus 1st and 2nd, John 1st and 2nd, quarrels of Theodore, Constantine, Demetrius, and Thomas, death of John 2nd, death of Andronicus, Demetrius possessed Silybria and aspired to the throne 366. Thomas supported Constantine, dissensions of Demetrius and Thomas, Mohammed’s advantages therefrom, death of Constantine 367. Thomas retires on the taking of Constantinople, Demetrius submits, his death and account of his two sons, Thomas’s pension from the pope, Gibbon’s contemptuous account of the family fate 368. Refuted 369 Paleolagus, Andrew, son of Demetrius, ii. 368. Andronicus 366. Camilio 365. Camillo 369, 370 bis. Constantine 366 bis, 369. Eighth of that name, and last Emperor 365. Demetrius 366 bis. Dorothy 365. Daughter of Theodore 374. Her marriage and death 375. Emmanuel 366 bis. Ferdinando 365, 369. Son of Theodore 374. Lost sight of 375. Isidore, a monk 366. John 365 bis, 369, 370. Third son of Demetrius 369. John 2nd 370. Son of Theodore 374. Lost sight of 375. Manuel son of Demetrius 368. Maria 365. Daughter of Theodore 374. Died unmarried 375. Martha, wife of Theodore, jun. 375. Michael 366. Prosper 365, 369 bis. Theodore 365 bis, 366 bis, 369, 375. His life by Mr. Arundell 365. Birth, parentage, reasons for leaving Italy 370. In England, and married in 1615, register of his marriage imperfect, his issue, did not settle at Landulph before 1622 with his family 372. Connected with the Arundell or Lower family, probably lived at Clifton with Sir Nicholas Lower, his death 373. Burial, discrepancy of dates, vault and coffin opened, appearance of the body 374. His monument, its inscription, arms 365. Account of his issue 374. Theodore son of Theodore 374. Died at sea 375. Thomas 365, 366 bis, 369, 370. His character from Khalcondylas by Recaut, and by Mahomet 368.――Constantine, iv. 148 Palestine, i. 130, 411――iii. 129.――Guy, Earl of Warwick’s journey to, iv. 113 Palfer castle, Normandy, iv. 141 Pallamaunter of Palamaunter family, iii. 269 ―――― manor, iii. 269 Pallamonter, i. 247 Pallas, i. 183 Pallephant, i. 159 Palmer, Roger, Earl of Castlemaine, ii. 11. Rev. Mr. refused to subscribe the Act of Uniformity 220. His prophecy 221 Palmerias, Matthias, iv. 148 Pancras, St. Truro church dedicated to, iv. 8 ―――― church, London, iii. 148 ―――― street, Truro, iv. 76 bis, 80, 81 Panicum dactylon, iv. 180 Par, near St. Austell, ii. 18 Paraguay, ii. 290 Parc, i. 52 Paris, iv. 145.――Council of, ii. 90. St. Sampson’s remains removed to 90 ―――― Dr. i. 150, 151. William de 83.――Dr. instituted the Geological Society of Cornwall, iii. 95. His works 97. His life of Sir Humphrey Davy 95 Parishes, number of in Cornwall, iv. 166 Park, i. 367, 369. Account of 205 Park of Park, i. 207 ―――― Erisey, iii. 383 Parke, by Leland, iv. 258 Parker, i. 61 ter. Francis and Sir John 302. Sir Nicholas 125, 136. Arms 136.――Rev. James, iii. 96 ―――― of Burrington, Sir Nicholas, Governor of Pendennis castle, his arms and character, ii. 12. Death, and burial in Budock church 13 ―――― of Rathow, arms, ii. 12, 130 Parkinge family, iv. 138. Heir of 139 Parkings, Francis, family and arms, iv. 140 Parliament, memoirs of, ii. 277. Commons House of 38. Camelford sends members to 403, 404. Launceston sent two members to 432. Favoured Mr. Peters, iii. 73 Parliament army injured Leskeard, iii. 26. Defeated 17 ―――― Roll, ii. 170 Parliament street, Westminster, ii. 295 ―――― wars, iii. 73 ―――― writ to Truro, iv. 74 Parmenter, Mr. of Ilfracombe, iii. 343 Parr, Queen Catherine, i. 16. Thomas 24 Parsons, John, iii. 260 Partridge, Cornish for, i. 243, 244, 245 Pascentius, i. 326 Pascoe, Captain, ii. 318. Rev. Mr. 329, 330.――Erasmus, iii. 343. Thomas 89. Family 83 Pashley family, ii. 395 Passiflora cærulea racemosa, iv. 182 Passio Christi, an ancient MS. in Cornish, observations upon, App. 5, iv. 190 Patagonia, Admiral Byron wrecked on the coast of, iii. 205 Patefond, William de, i. 246 Paternus, St. i. 321.――His history, iii. 336 Patras, a city of Achaia, ii. 367, 369 Patrick, i. 295.――Mr. iv. 33 bis ―――― St. i. 250――iii. 331 bis, 431.――Cleared all Ireland at once of serpents, ii. 298. His meeting with St. German 65 Patrick’s, St. church, Dublin, iv. 138, 147 Patten, Miss, iii. 279 Paul, the Apostle, iii. 284 bis.――St. i. 108, 122 ter., 198, 206――ii. 53. His conversion 112 ―――― Nicholas, iv. 77 ―――― parish, ii. 174――iii. 78, 79, 84, 275. Church burnt by the Spaniards 91 PAUL parish, Hals lost. Tonkin, situation, boundaries, iii. 283. St. Paulinus, Archbishop of York, memoir of, a vicarage, value of benefice, patron, impropriator, incumbent, earlier value 284. Editor, parish has not the prefix of St. ibid. Notice of St. Paul de Leon, parish feast, attached to Hailes abbey, dedication of that abbey by Richard, King of the Romans, relic presented to it by his son 285. Its value and history, church and monuments, Mousehole town 286. Destroyed by the Spaniards, the church burnt, register of the event, Spanish ball preserved, chapel at Mousehole, and on St. Clement’s island 287. Change of name from Porth Enys, Newlyn, Keigwin family, Godolphins at Treworveneth, Trungle 288. Chiowne and the Chinese wall, view from above Newlyn, new road, monument to commemorate the finding of a ring 289. Curious British ornaments, other similar ones, supposed to have been worn by the Druids, statistics, vicar, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 290 Paul pier, iv. 23 ―――― St. de Leon, notice of, iii. 285.――Name explained, iv. 313 Paul’s, St. cathedral, London, iii. 167 ―――― St. church, Covent Garden, iii. 252 Paulet, Sir John, ii. 363.――Henry, last Duke of Bolton, iii. 47. Family 47, 123 Paulin parish, iii. 425 Paulinus, Bishop of Rochester, and first Archbishop of York, iii. 284 bis, 285. His history 284 Paulet, ii. 292 Pawley, Jane, account of, iii. 8. Family 8 bis.――Mr. iv. 74 Pawton, ii. 362――iii. 175 bis Paxton, Richard, i. 283 Payne, John, of St. Ives, ii. 192. John, mayor of St. Ives, his arms 198 Paynter, i. 359, 360. Rev. C. H., 251. Francis 145, 148 bis. John 348. William 145.――Rev. Thomas, ii. 142. Miss 300. Family 228, 270.――Mr. iii. 441. Family 445 ―――― of Boskenna, Francis, i. 359 ―――― of St. Erth, i. 423 ―――― of Trelisick, i. 145. Arthur 348, 350. Francis 349, 350 bis, 351, 359. James 350, 359. Mary 359. William 350. Arms 349, 350 Paynter’s Consultation, i. 148 Payton, i. 405 Peace and taxes, commissioners for, John Rame, iv. 129. John Robins 117 Pearce, James, i. 112.――Family, iii. 60, 83.――Nicholas ter. iv. 3. Rev. Mr. of Tywardreth 109. Rev. Mr. of Broadoak 185 Pearce of Penryn, Mr. and Miss, iii. 445 Pears, John, iii. 6 Pearse, Rev. Thomas, ii. 92.――Mr. and Miss, iii. 9 ―――― of Helaton, Thomas, i. 303, 304 bis Peck, ii. 428 Peckwater hall, iii. 155 Pedenandre mine, iii. 382 Pederick, Little, church, i. 74 ―――― Little, parish, i. 404 Pederwin, Pedyrwyn, or St. Pederwin parish, i. 37――iii. 457――iv. 69 ―――― north, parish 336; or Pedyrwyn, i. 107――iv. 59, 131 ―――― south, iii. 335; or Pederwyn, ii. 398, 417.――Pedyrwin, or Petherwin, iv. 50, 51, 52, 68, 69 bis Pedyr hundred, i. 230, 245――ii. 253 bis――iii. 175 ―――― St. chapel at Treloye, i. 231 ―――― St. priory at Bodman, iv. 160 Pedyrick, Little, parish, ii. 253, 256 Peel, Sir Robert, ii. 112 Pegwill church, iii. 349 Pelagianism, ii. 65. St. Dye opposed to 131 Pelagians, ii. 63. Of Britain 73 Pelagius, i. 305――ii. 72, 74. A Briton 63. His doctrines 72. Council at St. Albans to consider them, St. German preached against him 64. His doctrine contrary to the law and prophets, Britons convinced of his errors 65 ―――― first pope, ii. 90 ―――― second pope, i. 393 Pelham, Bishop, iii. 275 Pellew, Admiral, iii. 96.――Cruised from Falmouth, ii. 18.――Family, iii. 94 Pelniddon, account of by Tonkin, i. 47 Peloponnesus, ii. 366 Pelsew, i. 393, 403. Account of 402, 417 Pelton, i. 116 bis Pelvellan described, iv. 37 Pelyn house described, and summer house at, ii. 391 Pelynt manor, iii. 293 ―――― parish, ii. 394, 398――iii. 39, 170――iv. 19, 23 PELYNT parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin and Whitaker, situation, boundaries, ancient name, a vicarage, value, patron, incumbent, impropriation, manor of Plynt, iii. 291. By the Editor, ancient name ibid. Church spacious, monuments, burial-place of St. Juncus, Whitaker says the parish is dedicated to St. Nunn, St. David distinguished his followers by a leek 292. Church belonged to Newenham Abbey, value, Pelynt manor, Hale Barton and ancient remains upon it, Trelawn, its history by Bond 293, and that of its possessors, three generations of the Grey family annihilated by the civil wars, Trelawny family 294. Henry 5th’s partiality for Sir John, lines on Launceston gate, Cornish saying of the Godolphins, Trelawnys and Glanvilles, Lord Bonville built the house, rebuilt by Sir John Trelawny, and after a fire by Edward Trelawny, family portraits, chapel built by Bishop Trelawny 295. His history, the seven bishops committed to the Tower by James II. tried, and acquitted 296. Bishop Trelawny’s part in the Revolution, observation on the Duke of Marlborough, the bishop’s popularity in Cornwall 297. Cornwall disposed to rise in arms on his imprisonment, song upon it, universally sung at the time 298. Names of the seven bishops, statue of Cardinal Wolsey at Christ Church, Oxford, erected by Trelawny, his son Edward, governor of Jamaica, his judicious conduct there 299. History and fanaticism of Sir Harry Trelawny 300. Turned papist, priests arrived from Italy to celebrate masses for his soul, parish, statistics 301. Geology by Dr. Boase 302 ―――― Church town, iv. 32 ter. ―――― vicarage, iv. 29 Pembre, Henry de la, ii. 119 Pembro, by Leland, iv. 267 Pembroke college, Oxford, ii. 233, 286, 287, 377――iii. 87, 88, 251 ―――― Jasper, Earl of, ii. 182 Pembrokeshire, ii. 173 Pen, word explained, iv. 317 ―――― Uchel Coit, iii. 25 Penalmick barton, iv. 2, 4 ―――― manor, iv. 2 ―――― of Penalmick family, iv. 2 Penaluna family, iii. 61 Penare, account of, i. 204 Penarth, i. 240.――Walter, iv. 77 Pencair, by Leland, iv. 264 Pencaranowe, iii. 326 ter., 327, 328 Pencarow, i. 368. Account of 374 ―――― of Pencarow, i. 369 ―――― village, i. 3 Pencoil, account of, ii. 89 ―――― John de, ii. 89 Pencoll, i. 387 Pencoose, account of, i. 391 Penda, King of the Mercians, ii. 284――iii. 284――iv. 125 Pendanlase, iii. 431 Pendarves, account of, i. 160, 163 ―――― i. 135, 213, 302. Thomas 273, 276. Rev. Mr. 224.――Alexander, ii. 93. Peter 143. Samuel 93. Miss 300. Mr. 114. Arms 93.――Edward W. W., iii. 367. Henry 284. Rev. Henry and Margaret 84. Sir William 382. Family 148 bis, 286, 343, 382.――Mr. iv. 2 ―――― of Pendarves, i. 160, 163, 400, 401. E. W. W. 163, 164, 401, 403. Rev. Thomas 161. William 160. Sir William 160, 163. Arms 161.――Family and Miss, ii. 93 ―――― of Roscrow, Mary, i. 137.――Alexander, his character, Rev. John, Mary, ii. 98. Miss 235, 239. Arms 98.――Samuel, iii. 303. Family 133. Mrs. Bassett their heir 303.――Family, iv. 107 Pendeen, Dr. Borlase born at, iii. 51 ―――― cove, ii. 290 Pendene, account of, by Hals, ii. 282. By the Editor 284 Pendenis castle, iv. 116; or Pendennis, iii. 136, 183, 217, 274. Sir N. Slanning, governor of 75 Pendennis, the former name of St. Ives parish, etymology, island, old fortification, and chapel upon, ii. 258 ―――― castle, i. 104, 105, 268――ii. 1 bis, 5, 6, 17, 280. Falmouth built for its supply 9. Situation, rent to the crown, etymology, description, extent, repaired by Henry VIII. and Queen Elizabeth, has contained above 100 cannon, and some thousands of foot arms, Sir Nicholas Parker appointed governor 12. Succeeded by Sir Nicholas Hals, who was succeeded by Sir Nicholas Slanning, and he by John Arundell, siege under him by the rebels, dreadful extremities, and surrender of the garrison, the last castle in the kingdom to yield, except Ragland in Wales 13. Soldiers killed by eating too freely, Col. Fortescue succeeded to the command, and after him Capt. Fox, who was succeeded on the restoration by Lord Arundell, and he by the Earl of Bath 14. The Killigrews lords of the land 17. Not Ictis 20. Its longitude 23. Rev. W. Jackman, chaplain 31. Governor and officers salaried by the crown 278 Pender of Penzance, i. 148 Pendew, account of, i. 324 Pendinant, by Leland, iv. 271 Pendinas and its pharos, by Leland, iv. 268 Pendor, i. 148 Pendower beach, iv. 123 Pendragon, etymology, i. 326 Pendre, i. 143. John, and arms 143 Pendrea, i. 143 bis, 147――ii. 125.――In St. Burian, attorney-general Noye, born at, iii. 152 ―――― Mr. iii. 16 Pendrym manor, iii. 123 Penferm, Matthew, iv. 3 Penfon manor, ii. 232 bis――iii. 352 Penfoune, iii. 352 ―――― of Penfoune family, iii. 352 Penfusis, by Leland, iv. 271 Pengaer, iii. 225 Pengally, i. 61 Pengarswick, account of, i. 124 Pengelly, i. 119 bis, 127――ii. 89 Pengover, iii. 173 Pengreap, ii. 133 Penhale, i. 380, 387, 388.――In Egloskerry, iii. 137 Penhall manor, iii. 313 Penhallam, ii. 233 Penhallinyk, ii. 140 Penhallow, iii. 193 ―――― Miss, iii. 421 Penhalluwick, William, ii. 160 Penhargard manor, ii. 153 Penheale, i. 378. Account of 379 Penhele in Egloskerry manor, iv. 60 Penhell tenement, iii. 209 Penhellick, account of, i. 207, 208 ―――― Rev. Mr. ii. 118 Penitentiaries, i. 232 Penkevil of Penkevil family, iii. 214 Penkevill, iii. 454. Tenement 209, 210. Account of 214 Penkivell manor, iii. 182, 208 ―――― arms, i. 297.――Family, ii. 336 ―――― of Pensiquillis family, and Benjamin, i. 420 ―――― of Ressuna, Richard, i. 297 ―――― of Trematon, i. 297 ―――― St. Michael, parish, i. 116 Penknek, by Leland, iv. 277 Penkridge, deanery of, in Herts, held by Tregony Archbishop of Dublin, iv. 144 Penkwek, iii. 26, 27 Penlee point, iii. 375 Penleton bridge, i. 119 Penlyer, Mr. 296 Penmear manor, iii. 239 Penn, Captain, ii. 25――iii. 85 Pennalerick, Miss, iii. 62 Pennalyky, William, iii. 324 Pennance, account of, i. 257 Pennans, account of, i. 255 Pennant, i. 178 bis, 184. Account of 383 Penneck family, ii. 217, 218. Origin 217. Anne, Catherine and Charles 218. Rev. John 217. Father and son 123, 218. Family monuments 219 Pennington, i. 304 Penniscen, iii. 283 Pennock, ii. 170 Pennore or Penarth, account of, ii. 113 Pennycumquick, houses at Falmouth so called, story of the name, the same by Mr. Wynn, ii. 20 Penpell, i. 243 Penpoll, i. 247――iii. 343 bis, in St. Germans and Quethiock 359 Penpons, account of, ii. 336 ―――― of Penpons, ii. 335 Penqueen, i. 118 Penquite, ii. 91 Penrey, iii. 305 Penrice, i. 43, 47. Etymology 43 Penrin, Mr. ii. 97 Penrine, by Leland, iv. 271 Penrith, ii. 76 Penros, account of, iii. 429 Penrose, i. 132, 346, 386――iv. 97 ―――― ii. 157. Rev. John, his character 104. Martha 30, 32. Captain Thomas, his history 25. Journal 26, 27, 28, presented with a medal by the King of Sweden 27. His scuffle with Cornish seamen 29. Trial, conviction, pardon, death, and issue 30.――John and Richard, iii. 324. William 324 bis. Mr. 112.――Admiral C. V. iv. 158. Notice of 158, 159 ―――― of Lefeock, Martha and Thomas, iii. 186 ―――― of Nance in St. Martin’s in Kerrier, iii. 188 ―――― of Penrose, Edward, and Richard, iii. 444. Miss 9 bis, 444, 445. Mr. 442, 443. His house and hospitality 443. Family 443, 445. Arms 443 ―――― of Tregethes, i. 364 ―――― manor, iii. 445. Account of 443. Possessors 445 Penryn, meaning of, iii. 327 ―――― borough, account of, ii. 94. Corporation 8, 9. Members for, F. Basset 243. Sir William Lemon 229. Richard Penwarne 75 ―――― hundred, ii. 51, 92 ―――― manor, i. 231――iii. 2 bis, 226.――Bishop of Exeter, Lord of, ii. 51 ―――― parish, i. 138, 242, 379 ―――― river, iii. 231 ―――― town, ii. 2, 17, 69, 96, 100, 113, 140, 215――iii. 62, 64.――Ships obliged to go up to, ii. 9. United with Falmouth 99.――Road from Helston to, iii. 63 Penryn Penwid, iii. 431 Pensandes, by Leland, iv. 265 Pensants, by Leland, iv. 286 Pensiquillis, account of, i. 420 Penstruan, account of, i. 421 Pentavale Fenton, iii. 394. Its etymology 395 Pentavall, ii. 1 Penter’s cross village, iii. 346 Pentewan, account of by Hals, i. 41 ―――― manor, iii. 190 ―――― quarry, iv. 104.――By Editor, i. 50. Streamworks 51 ―――― stone, iv. 104 Pentillie, account of, iii. 163. Fine house built there 166 ―――― castle, account of, iii. 346. Church aisle belonging to 346 Pentilly, i. 316. Account of 314 Pentine, Avice and Richard, ii. 398 Pentire of Pentire family and heiress, iii. 193 ―――― of Pentire in Minvor and of Pentewan in Mevagissey, Jane, iii. 314 bis. Philip and family 314 ―――― of Petuan, i. 384 ―――― point, i. 381――iii. 240, 281. Its latitude and longitude 281 Pentnar, i. 419 Pentowen, by Leland, iv. 275 Pentuan, i. 49 ―――― manor, possessors of, iii. 193 Pentwan, account of, by Tonkin, i. 47 ―――― Lower, described, i. 47 Pentybers Rok, iv. 238 Penuans, i. 234 Penularick, Miss, iii. 60 Penvose head, iv. 94 Penwarne, i. 236 ―――― in Mawnan, i. 46――iii. 74 bis. Account of 75, 76. Sold 77 ―――― in Mevagissey manor, iii. 192. Its possessors 191, 193 ―――― i. 255.――Richard, ii. 9. He procured copies of the letters of Sir Nicholas Hals 10.――Richard, iii. 324, 325 ―――― of Penwarne in Mawnan, John bis iii. 77. Peter 76. His death 77. Richard 75, 325. Robert, bis, 75. Robert and Thomas 77. Family 75, 193. Arms 75, 77 ―――― of Penwarne in Mevagissey, Vivian, iii. 193. The heir, and family 191 Penwerris, i. 137 Penwinnick manor, iii. 382 Penwith hundred, i. 160, 228, 261, 344――ii. 118 bis, 141, 145, 146, 169, 214, 234, 257, 269, 272, 282, 358――iii. 5, 30, 46, 78, 140, 242, 283, 306, 339, 380, 381, 425 bis, 428――iv. 52, 53 bis, 164 bis, 377.――Stone circles in, i. 141 Penwortha manor, iii. 314, 315. Account of 314 ―――― village, iii. 314 bis Penwyne, account of, iii. 66 Penycuick, near Edinburgh, ii. 20 Penydarran on the Taff, ii. 20 Penzance, name explained, iv. 316 ―――― borough, corporation of, iii. 90 ―――― manor, iii. 91 ―――― market, iii. 385 ―――― town, i. 149――ii. 82, 120, 124 bis, 174, 214, 215 bis, 216, 266, 287, 352――iii. 34, 55, 78, 275, 286, 287, 290, 342, 375――iv. 166.――Account of, iii. 81, 83, 91.――London newspapers at and post to, i. 59.――Burnt, rebuilt, incorporated, its jurisdiction, a coinage town, its market, fairs, it favoured the royalists, and was sacked by the parliament army, iii. 81. Custom house, arms, and form of writ 82. Dr. Borlase educated at 51.――Exceeds Truro in beauty and in trade, iv. 85. Mr. Thompson died at 109 Peran Arwothan, ii. 92 ―――― Uthno, ii. 169 ―――― well, ii. 2, 129 Peransabulo, i. 289 Peransand, i. 198――ii. 93, 173, 315, 317 ―――― church, iii. 176 Peranwell parish, iv. 1 Perceval, Mrs. i. 163, 400 Percivall, John, married Thomasine Bonaventure, lord mayor, and knighted, his death, iv. 134 Perer, Richard, ii. 209 Pereth, ii. 76 Perin in Cornwall, news from, ii. 100 Perkin, Mr. iii. 87 bis ―――― Warbeck took sanctuary at Beaulieu abbey, ii. 329 Pernall, John, iv. 77 Perr river, i. 44, 45 Perran cove, iii. 309 ―――― St. ii. 113――iii. 304, 309.――Visits St. Keverne, ii. 324.――His estimation, the supposed discoverer of tin, iii. 330. His history 331, 332. His miracles 313. His great age, his shrine and banner 332. His day 311 ――――’s St. chapel or oratory, account of, iii. 329 ――――’s St. college in Keverne, iii. 332 ―――― Arworthall church, iii. 304 PERRAN ARWORTHALL parish, or ST. PIRAN ARWORTHALL, in Kerrier. Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin and Whitaker, manor of Arworthall, iii. 302. Quantities of tin upon it, chalybeate spring, Renaudin family 303. By the Editor, saint, church, Perran Well village, change of road, smelting-house, extensive use of arsenic, its sublimation from ores 304. Ironworks of Messrs. Fox, beautiful valley, impropriation, advowson, statistics 305. Geology by Dr. Boase 306 ―――― Arworthall, St. parish, iii. 224. In Kerrier 328 ―――― Arworthall village, iii. 303 ―――― Uthno manor, iii. 311 PERRAN UTHNO parish, or LITTLE PERRAN. Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, a rectory, value, patron, incumbent, iii. 306. Manor of Uthno 307. By Editor, church, its situation, memorial to Mr. Davies, the oath of deans rural ibid. Oracular well, emptied by a mine, good farmhouses, Goldsithney village, its chapel 308. Image of St. Perran or St. James, fair, transferred here from Sithney, displaying of a glove at fairs, destruction of the Lionesse country, and cove where Trevelyan was borne on shore 309. High tide in 1099, noticed by Stow, the Godwyn sands, Editor’s opinion of the tale, attempt to restore the land by incantation 310. Acton castle, Cudden point, view from it, children go there to seek a silver table, manor of Uthno, and of Lan Uthno, in St. Erth, feast, statistics 311. Population increased in consequence of mining and agriculture, Chapel an Crouse, bowling green, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 312 Perran well, or St. Perran’s well, iii. 303, 304. Curious account of 308. Its virtues 329 ―――― well village, situation, iii. 304 ―――― Zabuloe parish, iii. 304, 386 PERRAN ZABULOE, PERANSAND, or PERRAN IN THE SANDS. Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin and Whitaker, situation and boundaries, iii. 312. Ridiculous legend of St. Perran, his great age, patron of the tinners, tales told of him, fair, value of the benefice, patron, impropriation, incumbent, manor of Penhall and Halwyn, of Tywarnhaile, and of Tywarnhaile Tiers 313. Tywarnhaile house, Chapel Angarder, Penwortha manor, tin and lead upon it, Lambourne Wigan 314. Its history 315. Manor of Lambourn, its history 316. Creeg Mear, urns in it, conjectures respecting it 319. Castle Kaerkief, Whitaker’s opinion of it 320. Callestock Veor village, other entrenchments of no importance 321. Other two, Tresawsen, or Bosawson, the three barrows and four barrows, chapel in Callestock, Fenton Berram, manor of Fenton Gymps 322. Marghessen-foos village, practice of maids coming to market to offer themselves for hire, etymology of Marghessen-foos 323. Roman roads, Fenton Gymps family 324. Chywarton, Callestock-Ruol 325. Trevellance or Pencaranowe manor, its history, Reenwartha 326. Reen Wollas, Melingybridge 327. Manor of St. Piran, some tin on it, account of Piran round 328. By Editor, etymology ibid. Description of Piran round, the Guary Mir, “the Creation of the World,” and “Mount Calvary,” published by the Editor, St. Piran’s well supposed to cure diseases, encroachments of the sand, discovery and description of a chapel supposed to be St. Perran’s oratory 329. Defaced for relics, St. Perran esteemed the patron of all Cornwall, his day celebrated with great hilarity, a Perraner, St. Chiwidden, Dr. Butler’s Lives of the Saints 330. His history of St. Perran or St. Kiaran, went to Rome, was of the clan Osraig, died in Cornwall 331. Probably an active missionary, his banner the standard of Cornwall, his shrine, impropriation of tithes, incumbent 332. Chiverton, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 333 Perranbonse cove, ii. 360 Perraner, iii. 330 Perre, Thomas, iii. 387 Perrin, Provost of Taunton, i. 86 Perron, St. Arworthal, ii. 17 Perry, i. 236 Persia, iii. 187 Persius, iv. 87 Perthcolumb, account of, i. 364 Perthcothen, iii. 177 Perthsasnac, ii. 165 Perthtowan, ii. 250 Perwennack, i. 11 Pesaro in Italy, ii. 369, 370, 371, 373. Theodore Paleolagus of 365 Pesseme, Patrick, ii. 160 Peter, Rev. John, ii. 117 ―――― of Harlyn, Francis, iii. 176, 177. Gregory 175, 176 bis. John 76, 166, 176 bis. William 176 bis, 178 bis, 333. Mr. 178. Mr. erected a pier 179. Family 177 ―――― of Porthcuthan, or Perthcothen. Mr. iii. 177. Family 162 ―――― of Treater, John, ii. 336.――In Padstow, Thomas, iii. 176 bis ―――― of Trenaran in Padstow, John, iii. 176 ter. Arms 176 ―――― St. i. 197, 198 bis――ii. 127.――Younger brother of St. Andrew, iv. 100 Peter’s spring, iii. 72 ―――― St. church, Rome, iv. 165 Peterborough, Thomas White, bishop of, one of the seven, iii. 299 Peters, i. 382. Hugh 420. Mr. 296.――Rev. Mr. ii. 218.――Rev. Charles of St. Maben, his learning and character, iii. 67, 68. His biography, his ancestor a royalist 67. Dined his poor parishioners, his controversy with Warburton, extracts from his meditations 68. Elizabeth 72. Rev. Hugh 67, 71, 72. His biography 72. Rev. Jonathan, of St. Clement’s, Dr. Joseph, of Truro 68. Rev. Thomas and William 71. Biographical notice of 72 Petersfield parish, iii. 206 PETHERICK, LITTLE, parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation and boundaries, saint, a rectory, value, patron, incumbent, ancient name, iii. 334. By the Editor, present patron, church, and church town, Tregonnen village, St. Ida’s chapel ibid. Account of St. Ida, her husband a favourite of Charlemagne, another chapel on Trevelian farm, former name of the parish, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 335 Petherick, Little, parish, iii. 277 Petherwin, North, i. 377 PETHERWIN, OR PEDERWIN, SOUTH, parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin and Whitaker, situation, boundaries, iii. 335. St. Peternus, three days dedicated to him, value of benefice, impropriation 336. By the Editor, church, its monuments and situation ib. Annual fairs, Trecroogo, Tregallen and Trethevy villages, Trebersey, Mr. Gedy an ancestor of the Editor, Tresmarrow, Tremeal 337. Death of Mrs. Archer, an epitaph, statistics, incumbent, Geology by Dr. Boase 338 Petnell, St. or Petronel, iv. 153 bis Petre, Sir John, obtained church lands, was ancestor of Lord Petre, founded eight fellowships at Oxford, iii. 155. Sir John 293. Sir William 155. Lord Petre of Exeter, now of Essex 176 ―――― of Torbryan, Devon, John, iii. 155 Petroc, St. iii. 277, 278 bis. His life 227. His history, i. 95. His body stolen 98 ―――― St. church, iii. 408. Bodmin 277. The Cornish see 415. This is disputed by Mr. Whitaker 408. proved by extracts from a register kept there in a book containing the four Gospels 408 ――――’s, St. monastery, iii. 309. At Padstow, destroyed by the Danes 281 ―――― St. priory, Bodmin, i. 116 Petrocstow, iii. 277 Pettigrew manor, ii. 57 Petunia nyctaginiflora, iv. 182 ―――― Phœnicia, iv. 182 Petvin, John, iii. 313 Pevensey marsh, iii. 10 Pever, the heiress of, ii. 109 Peverell, Sir Hugh, and Sir Thomas, i. 92 ―――― of Hatfield, Jane, wife of Randolph, and concubine of William the Conqueror, i. 367 ter. William her son 367 ―――― of park, i. 367. Richard Thomas, and arms 368 Peverell’s crosses, i. 368 Pewterers’ company send a deputy to try the Cornish tin, ii. 30 Peyron, father, i. 192 Philack, i. 344 Philip and Mary, iii. 213, 294, 325 ―――― King of France invaded Normandy in Richard’s absence, ii. 177 Philipps, i. 78 Philips, Jasper, iii. 339. Sir Jonathan 458. His servant 461 ―――― of Pendrea, Samuel and Sarah, ii. 352 ―――― of Poughill, ii. 300 Phillack, i. 355.――Parish, ii. 141, 145, 146 bis, 147 PHILLACK, parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin and Whitaker, situation boundaries, saint, a rectory, value, patron, incumbent, iii. 339. By the Editor, church, situation of village, danger from the sand, inundations of sand, hillocks of it ibid. Houses buried under it, Towan, extension of trade, improvement of the harbour, mining and smelting, Mr. Edwards 340. Rivalship with Mr. Harvey, both improved the harbour, bars in the mouths of all rivers, a causeway upon arches across the entrance of the main estuary 341. Castle Cayle, and Riviere at Theodore’s castle, Mr. Whitaker’s invention, new house at Riviere, Trevassack 342. Modern house on Bodrigy, Penpoll, Treglisson farm, copper works at Hoyle, smelting house at Angarrack, fine garden there, advowson 343. Incumbent, present rector and patron, parish feast and statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase, Sand hills, sand restrained by plants 344. Sometimes consolidated into sandstone. By Editor, copper lodes and elvan courses, Whele Alfred 345 Philleigh parish, ii. 265 Philley parish, ii. 2, 275 bis, 279――iii. 402, 403 Phillips, Matthew, i. 360, 362.――Rev. Jasper, ii. 146. Mary 269. Rev. William 386, 406. His monument at Lanteglos 406. Mr. 150, 386, 389 ―――― of Carnequidden in Gulval, Henry and Jane, ii. 241 ―――― of Landue, Thomas, ii. 400 ―――― of Pendrea, Samuel, ii. 269, 352. Sarah 352 ―――― of Tredrea, Elizabeth, iii. 159 ―――― of Botreaux castle, T. J. iii. 236 bis ―――― of Camelford, Charles, John, and Jonathan, i. 380. Sir Jonathan 134.――Rev. William 380.――Charles, ii. 399 bis. Jonathan, Rev. William, name 399.――Sir Jonathan and T. W. iii. 235 Phillipps, Rev. William and family, i. 3.――J. T., iii. 42 ―――― of Camelford and Newport family, iii. 42 ―――― of Landue in Lezant, Mr. iii. 235 ―――― of Trencares, Charles and Sir Jonathan, iv. 45. Rev. William 45, bis. Story of 46. Miss, Mr. and family property 45 Philological inquiries, ii. 103 Philopatris, age of, ii. 76 Philosophical Transactions, i. 149――iii. 250, 251, 378――iv. 146.――Account of a storm in, ii. 325 Phœnician castles, ii. 423 Phœnicians, ii. 3――iii. 395――iv. 168.――Acquainted with Falmouth harbour, ii. 19 Phœnix in her Flames, a tragedy, iv. 97 “Phraseologia, Latin and English,” iv. 87 Physalis edulis, iv. 183 Picardy, pronunciation in, ii. 127 Pider hundred, i. 9, 209, 231, 232, 289, 386, 388, 407――ii. 253, 378, 384――iii. 139, 267, 277, 312, 318, 334――iv. 137, 140, 160 bis, 162 Pidre, iv. 376.――Etymology, i. 9 Pig’s street, Penryn, iii. 62 Pilate, iii. 422 Pilchards, nature of, ii. 263. Methods of fishing for 261. Of preserving, oil from 263. Caught by seine nets at St. Keverne 324 Pillaton, or Pillton manor, iii. 345, 346 ―――― parish, i. 103, 104, 316――ii. 361, 364――iii. 161, 371 PILLATON parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, a rectory, value, patron, manor, iii. 345. By the Editor, Lysons on Pillaton and Hardenfast manors, Pentillie castle, church and its monuments, one to the Rev. Mr. Eliot, church, town small, Penter’s cross village, patron 346. Statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 347 Pinard, Arthur, ii. 423 Pinaster fir, account of, iii. 11 Pincerna, etymology of, ii. 148 ―――― Richard, ii. 148. Simon 145, bis, 146 bis.――Simon, iii. 139. Heir 140 ter. Family 140 Pindar, iii. 34 ―――― Peter, iii. 220 Pineck parish, i. 414――ii. 142.――St. iv. 128 Pinneck, John, ii. 170 Pinnock, St. parish, iii. 13, 260 PINNOCK, St. parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, a rectory, value, patron, incumbent, iii. 347. By the Editor, village, and manor of Trevillis, proprietors of land, advowson, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 348 Pinock, ii. 157 Pipe Rolls, ii. 423 Piper, Hugh, and Sir Hugh Constables of Launceston castle, anecdote of Sir Hugh, ii. 421. His monument in Launceston church 422.――Miss, iii. 136. Heiress and family 337 Piran bay, iii. 313 ―――― parish, iii. 324 ―――― round, iii. 328. Account of 329――iv. 78 ―――― Arworthall church, iv. 3 ―――― St. church lands, iii. 328 ―――― St. family, iii. 328 ―――― St. manor, account of, iii. 328 ―――― St. parish, iv. 2 ter. Mr. Reed’s smelting house in 4 ―――― St. in the Sands parish, iii. 267 ―――― St. in the Sands town, iii. 332 Piran’s, St. well, iii. 322 Piranes, St. in the Sands, by Leland, iv. 268 ―――― St. or Keverine, by Leland, iv. 270 Pirran in Treth parish, iii. 323 Piskies or fairies, i. 18 Pitleman, Ralph, ii. 427 Pits’ writings on Britain, ii. 62 Pits, iv. 145 bis, 148, de Illustribus Angliæ Scriptoribus 148 Pitt, Robert, i. 69. Thomas 69 bis. Thomas 1st Lord Camelford 69. His talents 71. Thomas 66, 67. His descent, enterprise in India, return with diamond, its sale to the Regent Orleans, its weight, his purchase of Boconnoc and the burgess tenures of Old Sarum, election for Old Sarum 68. Thomas 2nd Lord Camelford, his birth and christening, education, history, character 70. Death 71. William, Earl of Chatham 69.――Family, ii. 339, 376, 412. Thomas 353, 354, 409, 410. William 339. Governor 353. Mr. 410. Pleased with Dr. Glynn’s invitations 154.――Thomas, iii. 450. Mr. 207. Governor 450.――Mr. iv. 44 ―――― of Boconnock, Thomas, ii. 405 Pitz, Rev. Mr. ii. 258――iv. 53 Pius 2nd, pope, iv. 146 Place of death, i. 9 Place or Plase, i. 28 Placentia, iii. 400 ―――― University, i. 311 Plague at St. Cuthbert, i. 292.――At St. Ives, ii. 271 Plain-an-Guary, iii. 384 Plantagenet, Princess Elizabeth, i. 63. Princess Katherine 64.――Humphrey 4th son of King Henry 4th, ii. 260. Margaret, Countess of Salisbury 91. Richard Earl or Cornwall 155.――Richard, iii. 27 ―――― or Beaufort, Edmund, Edmund Marquis of Dorset, and Henry, ii. 260.――Margaret, iii. 65 ―――― civil wars, iii. 289 ―――― house of, ii. 110, 249 Plantagenets, iii. 84, 246. Their times 8, 348――iv. 114 Plants of Cornwall, App. 3, iv. 180 Plase, ii. 40. Account of 43 Plassey, battle of, i. 390――iv. 11 Pleas of the crown, i. 119, 177 Plegmund, Archbishop, i. 95 Plengway village, Amphitheatre at, iii. 384 Plint, i. 316 Pliny, i. 192――ii. 408――iii. 328 Plot’s, Dr. Natural History of Oxford, iii. 323 Plowden, William, iii. 38. Mr. 37. Family 38 Pluwent or Plynt, iii. 291 Plym river, ii. 2 Plymouth breakwater, ii. 245 ―――― castle, i. 105――ii. 10 ―――― church, dedicated to St. Charles, ii. 20 ―――― dockyard, high water at, iii. 375 ―――― harbour, iii. 101, 105, 108, 164, 375, 461.――Superior to Falmouth for large ships, ii. 18 ―――― limestone, iv. 123 bis.――Burnt for manure, ii. 361 ―――― reef or breakwater described, iii. 108. Compared with the great Egyptian pyramid 109 ―――― road, ii. 396 ―――― sound, i. 189――ii. 45, 108 bis, 164, 375, 379, 380. French and Spanish fleets in, ii. 245 ―――― town, i. 113 bis――ii. 10, 224――iii. 21, 45, 98, 109, 110, 121, 183, 189, 196, 253, 254, 283, 378, 399, 426――iv. 32, 115, 116, 123, 187, 188 ter.――Ruthven, governor of, i. 113.――Relief of, incompetent to sustain an attack, ii. 245. Cornish miners marched to defend, open to attack but escaped it, Major Trelawny, governor of 67. Engagement with Dutch fleet before 25.――Dr. Borlase educated at, iii. 51. Besieged by Charles’s troops, Earl of Stamford, governor 184.――General Trelawny, governor of, iv. 94. Siege of 185 ter. Plympton, i. 170――iv. 185 ―――― priory, i. 27――ii. 339――iii. 139 bis. Prior of 139 bis.――Godfrey, prior of, ii. 426 Plynt parish, ii. 409 Pochehelle, iii. 349 Poictiers, Archdeacon of, ii. 415 ―――― Bishop of, St. Hilary, ii. 168, 169. Died at 169 ―――― Earl of, Richard, ii. 422 Point, the, iii. 107, 108 Pol, St. de Leon, town, in Brittany, iii. 285 Polamonter, Nicholas, i. 234 Poland, i. 336 Polbenro, account of, iv. 36 Poldice mine, ii. 134 Pole, Sir Courtenay and Penelope, ii. 379.――Rev. Reginald, iii. 440.――De la, Edmund, Earl of Suffolk, i. 86 ―――― Carew, Mrs. R., iii. 229 Polglase, account of, i. 399 Polgoda, ii. 173 Polgooth mine, iii. 198. Account of 195, 197 Polgorran, account of, ii. 113 Polgover, iii. 252――iv. 3 Poljew cove, ii. 129 Polkerris harbour, iv. 109 Polkinghorne, Roger, iii. 83 Polkinhorn, iii. 387 Polkinhorne, account of, ii. 142 ―――― Degary, i. 257.――Mr. ii. 157. Rev. Mr. 258, 260 ―――― of Polkinhorne, family, heir, and arms, iii. 142 Polland, Lewis, ii. 195 Pollard, Peter, i. 216.――Christopher, iii. 358 ―――― of Treleigh, Hugh, John, John a tribute to, Margaret and family, iii. 383 Polleowe, iii. 326 Pollephant, i. 308 Pollrewen tower, iv. 229 Pollyfont or Pollifont manor, iii. 38, 39. In Lewannick 233 bis Polman, ii. 41 Polmanter downs, ii. 271 Polmear cove, iv. 166 Polpear, iii. 7 Polpera or Polperro, iv. 23, 36, 38 Polperro harbour, ii. 400 ―――― town, ii. 400 bis. Scenery beautiful 400, 401 Polruan, ii. 411――iv. 36.――Account of, ii. 411.――By Leland, iv. 279, 290.――Formerly a corporate borough, ii. 412 Polruddon ruins, by Norden and Lysons, i. 46 Polskatho or Porthskatho, ii. 51 Polston, bridge at, ii. 432.――Bridge, Charles 1st entered Cornwall by, iv. 185 Poltare, account of, iii. 88 Poltesca, iii. 424 Polton manor, ii. 253 Polvellan, iii. 229. Etymology 230 Polventon, iv. 29 Polvessan, account of, iv. 133. The grounds in a fine state 35 Polvethan manor, ii. 400 Polwhele, account of, i. 205 ―――― castle, iv. 229 ―――― i. 56 bis, 58, 205, 255. Degory 19, 293. Arms 205. Motto 206.――Family, ii. 337.――Rev. Richard of Manaccan and Newlyn, iii. 113, 271. Character of 112.――Rev. Richard came from Truro, iv. 86. Rev. Richard communicated to the Editor some missing portions of Hals’s MS. 184 ―――― of Newland, i. 105 ―――― of Penhellick, John and Robert, i. 207 ―――― of Polwhele, i. 207. Degory ibid. Drew 207 bis. John 206, 207. Richard 207. Rev. Rich., 208 ―――― of Treworgan, i. 396. John ibid. ――――’s History of Cornwall, i. 288 Polybius, on Signals, the friend of Scipio Africanus, his general history, iii. 106 Polychronicon, author of, iv. 93 Polyenetes, or the Martyr, a tragedy, iv. 97 Polyfunt in Trewenn, iv. 68 Polygala speciosa, iv. 183 ―――― myrtifolia, iv. 183 Pomeray, i. 348 ―――― Henry de la, ii. 180, 183. Took St. Michael’s mount 177. Murdered a sergeant-at-arms, his stratagem for surprising Mount St. Michael 178. Held it out, submitted, his death 180; or Pomeroye, Henry de la, iii. 22, 78, 90 Pomeroy, Henry de, i. 295, 296. Henry 296 bis. Sir Henry 296. Sir Hugh 214. Joel 296 bis. Josceline, Ralph de, and Sir Roger 296. Thomas 214. Arms 297.――Rev. John, ii. 279, 339. Mr. 43.――Family, iii. 90. John 260 Pomeroy of Bury Pomeroy, Devon, Sir Richard, iii. 148. Lords of Bury Pomeroy 90 ―――― of Tregony Pomeroy, i. 297 bis. Henry 297 Pomery, Rev. Mr. i. 403.――Rev. Joseph, iii. 348 bis.――Mr. iv. 160 Pomier, Lord, ii. 39 Pondicherry, siege of, chief seat of French power in India, iv. 11 Ponsanmouth, iv. 3 Ponsmur, i. 256 Pontis Riale river, source of, iv. 237 Pontus, i. 388 bis Pool mine, ii. 239 Poole, account of by Hals, iii. 168. By Tonkin 170 Pooley, Rev. Mr. ii. 34.――Rev. Henry of Newlin, iii. 271, 275 Poor Knights of Windsor, Hugh Trevanion one of, ii. 52, 54. Governor of 55 ―――― rates at Helston, ii. 159 Pope of Rome, i. 139, 146――ii. 371. Urged Richard to the crusades 177. Lodged Thomas Paleolagus, and allowed him a pension 368. His protection of him 371.――Alexander the 4th, i. 176.――Boniface, ii. 288. Gregory 290. Gregory the Great 287. St. Gregory 288.――Gregory 9th, i. 312. Innocent 3rd 110, 112. Innocent the 4th 176. Innocent the 5th 110. Leo the 9th 110 ter. Nicholas the 2nd 110. Pelagius the 2nd 393. Victor the 2nd 110 bis ―――― Alexander, the poet, i. 58――iii. 53 ter. His letter to Dr. Borlase 53. Mr. his large fortune, and house called the Vatican 88 ――――’s annates, ii. 59, 126 ―――― inquisition into the value of benefices, iv. 185. See Inquisition Popham, Sir Home and Captain, iii. 446 Population of Cornwall, App. II. iv. 178. Of all the parishes in Cornwall from the last parliamentary statements 177. For several years from 1700 to 1831, 178 ―――― return for Helston, ii. 161 Porkellis, neighbourhood produced the best tin in Cornwall, ii. 140 Porrown Berry, iii. 202 Port, Hugo de, iii. 115 Port Eliot, ii. 68, 70 bis――iii. 107 ―――― Isaac, i. 384, 385――iv. 47 ―――― Looe, iii. 249 ―――― Looe barton, iv. 25, 26, 37 bis ―――― Prior, name changed, iii. 107 Portbend, high water at, iii. 98 Portbyhan, otherwise West Looe, iv. 28 Portello, lands of, iii. 294 Porter, i. 320.――Mr. and arms, iii. 66.――Charles, iv. 62. Rev. Charles of Warbstow 125 Porth, i. 29 Porth Alla, ii. 250, 324, 330 bis, 331. The stream which discharges at 330 ―――― chapel, i. 12 ―――― Enys, iii. 288. Name changed 286 ―――― Horne, i. 324――ii. 174, 200 ―――― Kernow, iii. 32.――Shells at, i. 148 ―――― Prior, now Port Eliot, ii. 66 ―――― Talland, iv. 24 ―――― Treth, ii. 239 Portheran, ii. 41 Porthguin, by Leland, iv. 259 Porthiley, iii. 129 Porthissek, by Leland, iv. 259 Porthleaven, iii. 444 Porthmear, i. 47 Porthmellin cove, iii. 192 Porthoustock, ii. 324――iii. 259.――Extraordinary shoal of pilchards at, ii. 324 ―――― rock, ii. 331 Porthpean, i. 49 Porthskatho cove, ii. 58 Porthwrinkle, iii. 439 Portionists, iv. 45 Portnadle bay, iv. 28 Porto Bello, iii. 218 Portreath, ii. 241, 250.――Harbour, iii. 390.――A safe harbour, used to exchange copper for coal, ii. 241 Portsmouth, ii. 246. Loss of the Mary Rose off 342 ―――― castle, ii. 10 ―――― harbour superior to Falmouth for large ships, ii. 18 ―――― town, ii. 10 Portuan borough, iv. 20, 21 ―――― manor, iv. 21 Portugal, ii. 227――iii. 187, 423 Post, in Queen Elizabeth’s time, i. 59 Potatoes being introduced into Cornwall, iv. 50 Potstone, iv. 70 Pott, John, iii. 16 Poughill parish, ii. 340, 430――iv. 12, 15 POUGHILL parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, a vicarage, value, patron, incumbent, ancient name, impropriation, Pochehelle manor, iii. 349. By the Editor, small, its advantages, manor ibid. The charters, murder of Nicholas Radford 350. Flexbury and Bushill, impropriator of tithes, Stamford-hill and Sir B. Granville’s victory there, statistics, incumbent, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 351 Poul pier, by Leland, iv. 290 Poulpirrhe, by Leland, iv. 279 Poulton manor, iii. 2 Poundstock parish, ii. 232――iii. 114――iv. 15, 136 POUNDSTOCK parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, impropriation, patron, incumbent, Trebarfoot, Penfoune, manor of Poundstock, iii. 352. By the Editor, situation of church, Tregoll, manors of Launcels, West Widemouth and Woolston, great tithes, advowson, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 353 Powder hundred, i. 41, 52, 202, 388, 393――iii. 24, 55, 180, 190 bis, 195, 198, 207, 210, 354, 391, 395, 402 ter., 403, 448, 450――iv. 70, 71, 75, 97, 102, 115, 116, 117.――Powdre, i. 242, 251, 294, 413――ii. 24, 36, 50, 88, 105, 275 bis, 298, 315, 352, 356, 390――iv. 376 Powderham hundred, etymology, i. 15 Powell, David, i. 305 Powley, Hugh, iii. 6 Powvallet Coyt manor, ii. 38 Poyctou, iv. 144 Poyntz, of Berkshire, William and William Stephen, ii. 385 ―――― of Cowdray castle, Sussex, William Stephen, iii. 231.――Family, ii. 354 Pradannack manor, iii. 258, 259 Praed, i. 346, 349. James 349, 350.――Family, ii. 241. Humphrey Mackworth, M.P. 264. His act for improving the fisheries at St. Ives 264.――Arabella and Catherine, iii. 10. Rev. Herbert 9. James and his marriage 11. Julia and Mary 10. William 9, 10. Character, marriage, &c. 10. Death 11. Colonel 8. Mr. 7, 8. His liberality 7. Mr. singular story of, and his death 9. Family, account of 8. Remark on 11. Name 9 Praed, of Trevethew, Florence and James, i. 357.――H. M., iii. 9 ter., 54, 93, 239. His character 9. Improved Trevethow and the plantations of Cornwall 11. Improved a valley 59. Rev. Herbert of Ludgvan, his son 54. James 444. Mary 239 bis. Miss 444. Mr. 85 bis.――Mr. iv. 58. Family 54 Prake, Mr. 110 years old, iv. 24 Pratt, Mr. i. 283 Preaching monks, i. 310 Precays, i. 417 Presbyterians, iv. 73.――Their rupture with Mr. Stephens, ii. 270 Prest, Agnes, her history, i. 108. Place of her martyrdom 111 Prestwood family, ii. 91. Thomas 196 Pretender’s army defeated at Preston, ii. 112 Prewbody, ii. 337 Priam, iii. 418 ter., 420 Price, Piercy, i. 275.――Winifred, ii. 93.――John, iii. 86 bis, 86, 87, 289 bis. Found a ring, and erected a monument in memory of it 289, 290. Rose 289. Sir Rose 85, 86. Story of 87. Lady 86. Mr. was of the expedition to Jamaica 85 ―――― of Trewardreva, Thomas, ii. 93 Prideaux, in Luxilian, the Hearles settled at, ii. 99 ―――― castle, iii. 56 ―――― i. 74, 76, 117, 266, 289 bis, 294, 299, 349, 385. Adiston 160. Edmund 399. Matthew 349. William 160.――Dean, ii. 78. His “Connections” and remarks upon 76.――Notice of him, iii. 278. His house 281. Edmund 278. Family 238. Possess part of the tithes of Padstow 280 ―――― of Boswithgye, Peter, i. 43 ―――― of Devon, Sir Edmund, i. 259 ―――― of Fewborough, i. 17――ii. 335 ―――― of Gunlyn, i. 243, 244 ―――― of Netherton, Devon, Sir Edmund, and arms, ii. 242.――Sir John, iii. 278. Family 237――iv. 137 Prideaux of Orchardton, Sir John, i. 346, 347 ―――― of Padstow, i. 172.――Had a staircase from Stowe, ii. 351.――Rev. Charles, iii. 279. Edmund 3. Nicholas, his character, built his house at Padstow 279. Mr. 56. Family, and arms 279. Monuments 280 ―――― of Plase house, Edward, i. 17 ―――― of Prideaux, Roger, Thomas, bis, family, and arms, iii. 56 ―――― manor, iii. 57 bis. Account of 56 Prince’s “Worthies of Devon,” i. 144, 346, 348――ii. 61――iii. 184, 222――iv. 15 Prince of Wales, iii. 222 Prior park, i. 57, 58.――A house at Truro built of stone from, ii. 33 Prior’s cross, i. 368 Priory of Bodmin, i. 73. Its dissolution, and value of its revenues 74 Prisk, i. 237 Probus church, iii. 180――iv. 135 ―――― and Grace Fair, iii. 364 ―――― parish, iii. 180, 182, 188, 243, 269, 448, 450, 451――iv. 156; or St. Probus, ii. 2, 305, 353 bis PROBUS parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, impropriation, patron, impropriator, incumbent, manor of Moresk, Trehane, iii. 354. Carvean, Trewother, manor of Trelowthes, Trewithgy, Trevorva 355. Proverb upon it, Trewithan, manor of Wolveden or Golden 356. Ruin of the Tregians, Camden’s mention of it 357. Tonkin descended from them, list of their forfeited estates 358. The place where Cuthbert Mayne was found is still shewn, Tregian twenty years in prison, his son suffered a second loss of property 360. In consequence of the gunpowder plot, retired to Spain, the Marquis of St. Angelo, Talbot, Tredenham 361. Curvoza 362. By the Editor, church and monuments, Mr. Thomas Hawkins introduced inoculation into Cornwall, church tower ibid. Compared with others, church was collegiate, a fair, Prince Charles visited most gentlemen in the west of Cornwall, Mr. Williams went up to congratulate the King on his Restoration 363. Name of the fair, the saints Probus and Grace, skeletons found in the chancel wall, Whitaker’s memoranda, parish feast, etymology of Carvean 364. Of Trewithgy, Trenowith, and Treworgy, manor of Probus, fortification in Golden 365. Supposed by Whitaker to be a Roman camp, Caer Voza, a British. Trehane, the two Dr. Stackhouses 366. Trewithan, its beauty, Mr. Williams fond of ringing bells, peal at Kenwyn church for the amusement of the inhabitants of Truro 367. Hawkins family, persecution of Mr. Tregion, more victims to religious opinions suffered under Elizabeth than Mary 368. Tregion’s connections, and especially his wealth incitements to his ruin, his own imprudence the ultimate means 369. Editor’s remarks on the transaction, and on the tyranny of the Tudor monarchs, statistics, incumbent, Geology by Dr. Boase 370. Interesting varieties of rock formerly to be seen on the road to Grampound, the road now turned 371 Probus town, i. 242 bis, 251, 294, 393, 420. Tower at 48 ―――― St. and his skeleton, iii. 364 ―――― St. vicarage, iii. 182. The vicar 181 quat., 189 ―――― Groguth, iii. 354 Proclamation for the apprehension of Rogers and Street, i. 279 Prophets, ii. 65 Prospect, Cornish word for, ii. 200 Protestants persecuted in Germany, iii. 67 Prothasius, St. i. 99 Prouse, ii. 54.――Digory, iii. 358 Prout, arms, iii. 66 Prowse, Mrs. Elizabeth, i. 8 Pryce, Dr. William, iii. 323 bis.――His Archæologia Cornu Britannica, ii. 255――iii. 390. His Mineralogia Cornubiensis ibid. His Vocabulary 362 Prye, William, i. 215 Prynne’s records, i. 251 Psalms, book of, iii. 262 Psoralia aculeata, iv. 182 ―――― pinnata, iv. 182 ―――― spicata, iv. 182 Ptolemy, i. 256――ii. 172, 199.――The Geographer, iii. 24 bis, 25 bis, 395――iv. 39. His geography 8 Puddicombe, Rev. S. ii. 397.――Rev. Stephen of Morval, iii. 253 Puntner, harbour at, i. 48 Purification, feast of, iii. 324 Putta, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415 Pyder hundred, i. 115, 212, 404――ii. 89 Pyderick, Little, parish, i. 212 Pye, i. 62.――Family, line upon, and arms, iii. 449 Pylos, ii. 368 Pyn, Herbert de, iii. 117 Pyne family, iii. 117 Pynnock, St. parish, i. 112――ii. 291 Pyrenees, iv. 159 Pyrrhus’s saying after a hard earned victory, ii. 342

Quaker’s meeting, ii. 35 Quakers, iv. 73 Quaram, Rev. Mr. rector of Falmouth, iv. 72 Quarm, Rev. Mr. ii. 4 Quarme, Robert and Walter, i. 422. Arms ibid. ―――― of Creed, Robert, i. 236 ―――― of Nancar, Rev. Walter, i. 256. Arms ibid. Quarrier in Leskeard, iii. 21 Queen’s college, Oxford, ii. 139, 239 Question, Mr. iv. 118 Quethiock parish, i. 409――ii. 361 QUETHIOCK parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, iii. 371. Impropriation, value of benefice, patron, and incumbent 372. By the Editor, ancient name, Trehunsey manor, Trehunest village, antiquity of the church, monuments, appropriation of tithes, once a college, its foundation deed printed ibid. The rector, now its sole representative, a former chapel, statistics, vicar, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 373 Quick, Anthony, James, John, iv. 55 Quincy, Rev. S., i. 366 Quiril, Peter, Bishop of Exeter, i. 300――ii. 412

Radcliffe observatory, S. P. Rigand, director of, ii. 376 Raddon, Richard de, ii. 427 Raddona, Richard de, iv. 77, 82 Radford, Nicholas, iii. 350 Radnor, Earl of, i. 383――iii. 170.――Robarts, Earl of, ii. 377, 380. John 379, 380. Arms 380.――Last earl, iii. 193. Henry 381 Raile, John, iii. 387 Railway, i. 48.――Railways in Redruth, iii. 390 Rainton rectory, i. 130 Raith and Raithow, etymology of, ii. 394 Ralegh, Piers de, Walter de, iii. 269 Raleigh, Sir Walter, i. 390――ii. 7, 21, 56, 342 Ralph, i. 344. John 352 bis. Rev. John 351, 352, 366. Loveday 352 bis. Mary 352.――John, iii. 2 Ram or Rame head, i. 343――ii. 106――iv. 32.――Description of, iii. 375 Rame, Joanna de, iii. 374 bis, 438 bis. Arms 374 ―――― manor, account of, iii. 374, 375 ―――― parish, iii. 101, 108, 110 RAME parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, a rectory, value, patron, incumbent, manor of Rame, iii. 374. By the Editor, church peculiarly situated, monuments, manor and barton of Rame, Rame head, its appearance, and that of the Lizard, St. Michael’s chapel, description of the head, boundary of Plymouth harbour, its latitude and longitude, and establishment of the port, Edystone lighthouse 375. Its latitude and longitude, former danger of the rocks, description of the first lighthouse, remarkable storm, lighthouse disappeared, improved construction of the second 376. Generosity of Louis XIV. fire, terrible accident 377. Erection of the third lighthouse, Bond’s description 378. Inscription, Cawsand village, and bay, statistics, rector, and patron 379. Geology by Dr. Boase 380 Rame place, iii. 375 Randall, Thomas, steward of Helston, ii. 160 Randill, Jonathan, iii. 260 Randolph of Withiel, iv. 161 Randyl family, and arms, ii. 353 ―――― of Tregenno, Richard, i. 421. His arms 421 Raphel manor, ii. 400 Rascow island, iv. 230 Rashleigh, i. 43, 74, 106, 255. Charles, constructs Seaforth harbour 47. Establishes fishery 48. Origin and history of the family, and arms 43.――Family, ii. 91, 294. Philip 295. Philip endowed a hospital at Fowey 43. Made a fortune by privateering 44. Purchased the manor of Fowey, his ancestors represented it in parliament 46. Philip, a zealous naturalist, has published two volumes 47. William 46, 91, 92. Mr. 397.――Miss, iii. 443. Family 57.――Jonathan, iv. 101. Philip 140. Mr. 114. Family 99 bis, 131, 137 bis Rashleigh of Disporth, Charles, i. 260, 423 ―――― of Menabelly, Rachel, i. 257, 259――William, ii. 294, 295. Mr. 400.――William, iii. 290. Miss 367. Mr. 88. Family 57.――Jonathan and Jonathan, ii. 107. Jonathan and his son ibid. Jonathan 109. Rev. Jonathan 108. John and John 107. Philip 109. Philip, collector of Cornish minerals, has published specimens, constructed a curious grotto, his marriage and death 108. William 108, 109 ter. Family 107, 109. One of them sitting in almost every parliament of George II. and III. 107 ―――― of Penquite, Coleman and John, iii. 57 ―――― house in Ranelagh parish, Devon, iv. 101 Rat island, iv. 230, 266 Ratcliffe of Franklyn, Devon, Joshua and his daughter, iii. 76 Ravenna in Italy, ii. 75 bis Ravenscroft of Cheshire, arms, i. 374 Rawe, R. J., iii. 387 ―――― of Pennant, John, i. 383 Rawle, i. 263――ii. 274. Mr. 273 Rawlegh’s “Relicta Nomen Viri,” iv. 155 Rawlinge, Mr. iii. 82 Rawlings, Thomas, built a house, and William, notice of, iii. 280.――Thomas, iv. 143 ―――― of Padstow, Thomas, i. 235, 310.――Thomas, ii. 256.――Rev. William, iii. 282. Mr. 178 Rawlins, Rev. William, jun., ii. 273 Rawlinson, Mary, and T. H. of Lancaster, iii. 137 Rawlyn, John, iii. 358 Ray, the botanist, iii. 173 Raynwood, John, iii. 211 Reading, iii. 10 Rebellion, story of the great, i. 44. History of Flammock’s 86 Red Cross street, London, iv. 86 Red sea, place of banishment for exorcised spirits, iii. 48 Redevers, Earl Baldwin de, ii. 427 Redgate, i. 179 bis. 180 bis Redinge, i. 206 Rediver mills, iv. 47 Redman, Richard, Bishop of Exeter, ii. 189――iii. 147 Redruth manor, possessors of, iii. 381 ―――― parish, i. 160, 208, 238, 239――ii. 129, 239 bis, 272, 284――iii. 5, 7――iv. 5 REDRUTH parish, Hals’s MS. lost. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, etymology, a rectory, value, patron, iii. 380. Manor, town, Carew brief in Penwith hundred, town now considerable, large corn market, had two weekly markets in the reign of Edward III., proceeding of Mr. Buller, town chiefly one street 381. Old chapel, landed proprietors, manors of Treruff and Tollgus 382. Treleigh manor, Tonkin’s tribute to Mr. Pollard, Park Erisey, the barton of Treleigh produces tin and copper, the owner imposed upon 383. Plain an Guary, church beyond the town, glebe, value of benefice 384. By the Editor, situation and description of church, St. Uny, advowson, new chapel, Tavistock abbey ibid. Life of St. Rumon, by Leland and Butler, etymological conjecture, copper works and slate, handsome shops, and good market, quantity of shoes, &c. brought from Penzance 385. Market much crowded, new market place, Lord Dunstanville’s clock and bell tower, village of Plengwary, Amphitheatre adjacent to, etymology, the village called Little Redruth, parish muster book 386. Great scarcity in 1697, the Flammock insurrection, manor and honor of Tehidy, Cornish, Saxon and Norman acre, difference between the common and statute acre 388. Extent of Tehidy, notice of Lord Dunstanville’s death, meetings to commemorate his virtues, monument to be erected on Cambre 389. Landed proprietors, Dr. Pryce, railways from Portreath harbour, statistics, incumbent, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase, important mining district 390 Redruth town, iii. 381. Road to Marazion from 308.――From Truro, ii. 304 ―――― Little, village, iii. 386 Reed, Thomas, iv. 3, 4 bis. His ancestors 4 Reenwartha, iii. 328. Account of 326 Reenwollas, iii. 327 bis Refishoc manor, iii. 195, 196 Reform Act, i. 391――iii. 29.――Change produced by, i. 390.――Remarks on, iii. 272 Reformation, iii. 264, 279, 363 Refry, Henry, iii. 387 Regent street, iii. 205 Reginald, Earl of Cornwall, ii. 427 ter., 428 Regulus an abbot, iv. 105 Reid, i. 259 Rekellythye, iii. 324 Relics of antiquity dug up near Camelford, ii. 402, 403 Religious ceremonies of the Britons, i. 193 Relistion mine, ii. 144 Remfry, Henry, iii. 383. Richard 382 Renaudin, David, John, family, and arms, iii. 303 ―――― of Arworthal, David, iii. 225 bis Rendall of Lostwithiel, Elizabeth and Walter, iii. 328 ―――― of Pelynt, family, iii. 328 Renfry, Sondry and Thomas, iii. 387 Rennie, John, the engineer, iii. 378 Renphry, his son, sold Trewithan, iv. 140 Reperend Brygge, iv. 255 Reschell, iii. 111 Rescorla, i. 49 Reskimer, by Leland, iv. 270 ―――― iii. 169.――Heir of, iv. 156 Reskymer, account of, iii. 133 ―――― family, ii. 358――iii. 126, 135, 423.――Arms, iv. 96 ―――― of Reskymer, John, iii. 133. Sir John 133, 147. John and four daughters, Richard, Roger and arms 133. Mr. 147 bis Resogan, Bennet, and John, sen. iii. 325. John, jun., 325, 326 ―――― of St. Stephen’s in Brannel, iii. 325 Resparva, i. 386 Respiration, Dr. Mayne upon, iii. 250 Restoration, iii. 73 Restormal, iii. 28 Restormalle castle, iv. 229 Restormel, i. 338――iv. 81. By Leland 277 ―――― castle, ii. 38.――Account of 392 ―――― hill, ii. 393 ―――― house, ii. 393 Restowrick, i. 310 Restrongar creek, ii. 24 ―――― passage, ii. 17 Restonget creek, iii. 224 ―――― manor, iii. 230, 231. Account of 226 ―――― passage, iii. 226 ―――― village, iii. 226 Resurra in St. Minver, ii. 336 Resurrans, i. 214. 215 bis Retallock, iii. 143 ―――― barrow, account of, i. 220 Retollock of Trewerre, i. 391 Revell, Richard, ii. 180 Revenge, man of war, destroyed in a glorious victory, ii. 342, 344 Rewley abbey, ii. 138, 139.――Near Oxford, iv. 4 bis. Edmund Earl of Cornwall’s charter to 4 Reynolds, i. 61 ter., 85. Admiral Carthew, his death 205.――Sir Joshua, ii. 306. Admiral, lost at sea 389. Mr. 241. Family 142.――Mr. iii. 354 Rhé, isle of, iii. 183 Rheese, ii. 173 Rhodes, Rev. George, i. 354.――Miss, ii. 227. Family 100 ―――― isle of, i. 411 Rhys ap Tudor, iv. 8 Rialobran, iii. 80 Rialton, Godolphin Lord, i. 123, 126, 234 Rice, i. 237 Rich, Lady Lucy, and Robert Earl of Warwick, ii. 379 Richan, iii. 402 Richard, Duke of Gloucester, made sheriff of Cornwall, ii. 185 ―――― 1st, King, i. 54――ii. 118, 177 bis, 178, 180 quat., 341, 409――iii. 27 bis, 78, 132, 202, 393――iv. 71, 100 bis, 102 bis, 112.――Cœur de Lion, i. 254――ii. 249――iii. 7.――Taken prisoner, ii. 178. Ransomed, returned home, raised an army, and defeated John 179 ―――― 2nd, ii. 59, 62, 93, 176, 181, 294, 341, 394, 422, 431――iii. 27 bis, 60, 65, 111, 129 bis, 148, 269, 303, 436――iv. 22, 36, 99, 101 ―――― 3rd, ii. 43, 108 bis, 115, 185, 231――iii. 101, 102 ter., 142, 184, 203, 393. Slain at the battle of Bosworth 108 bis, 185 ―――― King of the Romans, i. 36, 253, 414――ii. 109, 211 bis, 392, 403――iii. 448――iv. 4 ter.――Earl of Cornwall, ii. 8, 156――iii. 15, 19, 28, 169, 268, 285, 448. Notice of 28. Arms 169 ―――― St. King of the West Saxons, and his death, iv. 126 ―――― of Shrewsbury, ii. 186, 187 bis Richardia, Æthiopica, iv. 182 Richards, William, iii. 153 Richardson, i. 383 Richmond, Earl of, ii. 108 bis――iii. 101, 102. Edmund of Hadham 65 Ridgeway, Earl of Londonderry, i. 69.――John, ii. 70 Rigaud, S. P., ii. 376 Rillaton manor, iv. 7 Rimo, ii. 50 Rinden, i. 117 Ringwood of Bradock, Miss, iv. 139 Risdon’s History of Devon, i. 133.――Manuscript, ii. 341 Risdon of Babeleigh Giles, iv. 157 ―――― of Badleigh, Giles, i. 223 Rist church, i. 148 Rivers in Cornwall, list of, iv. 223. Their sources 237 Rivers, Thomas, i. 177 ―――― Richard Woodvill, Earl of, i. 194 Riviere, iii. 342 ter. Roach, in France, taken by the English, ii. 177 Roach parish, i. 41, 212, 218, 310――ii. 1, 93――iii. 195, 442, 448――iv. 137, 160 ROACH or Roche, parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, ancient name, antiquity of the parish and town, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, ancient chapel, iii. 391. Description of its remains, a pool supposed to ebb and flow 392. The story from whence its name of St. Gundred’s well is derived, Treroach or Tregarreck, Tremoderet en Hell, ruins of Holywell 393. Hains Burrow, Avoh Bicken, every parish in Cornwall formerly had a beacon, Colefreth, ruins of a chapel at, well near Pentavale Fenton 394. Etymology 395. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, saint, his history ibid. Parish named before he was born, a rectory, its value, patron, incumbent, society for purchasing advowsons, Tregarick manor, etymology 396. By Whitaker on the name, hermitage in the rock 397. By the Editor, the rock and tower conspicuous, Lysons says the cell was dedicated to St. Michael, Mr. Whitaker draws on his fancy 398. Lysons’s view and description of the hermitage, incumbents 399. Observations on the society for purchasing advowsons, parish could not be dedicated to St. Roche, history of St. Roche, his miraculous cure from the plague 400. Pimples called after him, statistics, incumbent, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase, the rock compared with St. Mewan beacon 401 ―――― rock, i. 189――ii. 283――iii. 265 ―――― St. church tower, ii. 386 ―――― St. curacy, ii. 389 ―――― St. parish, ii. 384 Road, Truro, i. 227 Roadstead near St. Ives, ii. 260 Robartes, i. 384. Lady Essex 378, 379. Seized with small pox a month after her marriage 379. Francis 297. Henry Earl of Radnor 293. John Earl of Radnor 19, 297, 378, 279. Lord 113, 116. Sir Richard 293――ii. 9.――Family, iii. 258.――John, ancestor of Charles Bodville, Earl of Radnor, John mayor of Truro, iv. 73. John Lord, Baron of Truro 74. Lord 161, 185, 187. Family acquired great wealth at Truro, engaged in mercantile pursuits there for three generations, rose to eminence and acquired the earldom of Radnor temp. James 1st 88 Robarts, i. 74.――Frances, ii. 379. Francis, Henry and John, origin of the family 381.――Family, iii. 57.――Robert, Viscount Bodmin, ii. 379 bis. Esteemed by Charles 2nd 380. John Lord Robarts Earl of Falmouth, afterwards Earl of Radnor 379, 380, 382. Earl of Radnor 377. Charles Bodville 2nd Earl 380. Henry 3rd Earl 380, 381. John 1st Earl 379, 380, 381, 382. John 4th Earl 381. Richard Lord Truro 380, 383. His arms 380 ―――― of Lanhidiock family, iii. 193, 197 ―――― of Truro, Richard, iii. 234. Family 348 Roben, John, iii. 387 Robert, son of Ankitil, ii. 427 ―――― Duke of Normandy, iii. 462 ―――― son of William the Conqueror, ii. 211 bis Roberts, Sir Richard, i. 19 bis.――Richard, ii. 375. Family 170, 397.――Francis, iii. 170. Family 178 ―――― of Coran, Hon. John, i. 419 ―――― of Truro, ii. 93 Robins, i. 53――ii. 151.――John, iii. 260.――Benjamin, his Mathematical Works, iv. 10. Stephen and Miss 156. Family 162 ―――― of Penryn, James and Thomasine, iii. 134 ―――― of Tregenno, i. 421. Stephen 421 ―――― Verian family, John, iv. 116. Arms 117 Robinson, i. 302. George 303.――Family, ii. 217, 358. George 358. William 160 bis.――George and his heirs, iii. 419. P. V. 419, 424. Rev. William of Ruan Major 419. Miss 75. Mr. 419, 421, 424. Family 423 ―――― of Cadgwith, George Thomas, his melancholy death, iii. 421. Arms 422 ―――― of Nanceloe, or Nansloe, ii. 139. Rev. William ibid.――iii. 419 ―――― of Treveneage, Mr. killed by a bull, ii. 221 Robyns, Mr. iii. 88 Roche, St. iii. 395, 397, 398――iv. 139.――His history by Hals, iii. 395, 400. By Editor 400. His death, ib. Supposed to preside over certain complaints 401 Roche parish, iii. 55, 450 Rochelle, iii. 183 Rochester, St. Just, Bishop of, ii. 282, 287.――St. Justus and St. Paulinus, Bishops of, iii. 284 Rock, story of one turning round, i. 187 ―――― ferry in St. Minver, iii. 275, 282, 283 ―――― island, ii. 1 Rocks near Land’s End dangerous, iii. 430 Rodd family, ii. 228, 229. Miss 227. Mr. 134.――Mr. iii. 8 ―――― of Herefordshire, Capt. Francis, ii. 228 ―――― of Trebartha, Rev. Edward, ii. 228. Edward, D.D. 281. Col. Francis 228. F. H. ib. bis, 229. Jane, Adm. Sir J. T. and Harriet 228. Mr. 99 ―――― of Trebather, Francis, i. 359. Francis Hearle 360 Rodda, Miss, ii. 82 Roderick, King of Wales and Cornwall, iii. 80 Rodolph 2nd Emperor of Germany, ii. 371 Rogate parish, Sussex, iii. 205, 206 Rogers, Anne, i. 270 ter., 271, 274. Rev. Edward 242. John 273.――Brian, iii. 76. Rev. John 137. Rev. John, Rector of Mawnan 77, 445. His taste, &c., 445. Nicholas 387. Peter 76. Family 75. Arms 76 ―――― of Antron, Captain John, iii. 445. Improved that place 446 ―――― of Cannington family, iii. 76 ―――― of Helston and Penrose, Hugh, John, and John, M.P. the latter added to his estates, iii. 445――Of Penrose, near Helston, i. 228.――John, ii. 128, 243. Mr. 117.――John and Mrs. iii. 88 ―――― of Skewis, i. 267. Henry 267, 284, 285, 286, 287 bis. His character 267. Turns his sister-in-law out from Skewis house, resists the Sheriff, several men killed 268. Escapes to Salisbury, taken, convicted, and executed 269. His trial for the murder of Carpenter 270. Defence 272. Trial for the murder of Woolston 274. Of Willis 276. Seen in prison 281. Print of him, with his history 282. Newspaper reports of the trial 283. His wife 271, 272, 273. His son 280. Editor’s conversation with 280 Rogers of Treasson, afterwards of Penrose, John, iii. 47. Rev. J., 54. Family 47 Rogroci, and Lestriake in Germow and Brake, iii. 360 Rollandus, i. 98 Rolle, i. 151. Sir Henry 2.――Family, Robert, ii. 313. Samuel 313 ter. Lord 87.――Dennis, iv. 136. Family 41 ―――― of Stephenton, Henry, iv. 40.――Of Stevenston, John, ii. 343.――Mr. iii. 117. Family 254 Rolles family, iii. 117 bis Rollo, Duke of Normandy, ii. 344, 347 Rolls family, ii. 416 Roman army, i. 335 ―――― calends, iii. 258 ―――― camp, iii. 319――iv. 78 ―――― Catholics, persecution of, iii. 368 ―――― coins, iv. 30.――Found at Camelford, ii. 403 ―――― Emperor; i. 195 ―――― fort in Probus, iii. 365 ―――― idols, iv. 101 ―――― invasion, iii. 162 ―――― legions, i. 335 ―――― martyrology, iv. 96 ―――― road, iii. 324――iv. 12; or way 15.――From Lincolnshire to Bath, and through Somersetshire to the west, iii. 324 ―――― saturnalia, ii. 164 ―――― territories in Gaul, i. 335 bis ―――― work at Berry park, iv. 31. On West Looe Down 29, 30, 31 Romans, i. 256, 295, 334 ter., 335 bis――iii. 395.――Encamped in various parts of Cornwall, ii. 19. Their castles 423.――Directed their roads to the nearest and best fords, iv. 30 ―――― Richard, King of the, i. 36, 253, 414――ii. 109, 211 bis, 392, 403――iii. 285, 448――iv. 4 ter. and Earl of Cornwall, ii. 8, 156――iii. 15, 19, 28, 169, 268, 285, 448 bis Rome, i. 197 quat., 198 bis, 206, 334, 335, 393――ii. 369――iii. 284, 331, 400, 431, 434 bis――iv. 126 bis, 146, 148. St. Gorian beheaded at 112. Indulgences from, for building Bideford bridge 341. Thomas Paleologus arrives at 368. Foreigners prohibited from living at 371. Greek college founded there 370, 371. Scotch college 371. Jubilee of 1601 at 371 ―――― artists of, iv. 169 ―――― church of, iii. 357, 368――iv. 165 ―――― Emperor of, ii. 75 ―――― St. John Lateran, church at, iv. 165 ―――― Lateran, gate of, iv. 165 ―――― papal, tower of, i. 312 ―――― see of, iii. 150 Romney, Kent, ii. 202, 210. A Cinque port 38 ―――― marsh, iii. 10 Romulus, i. 333 Roofs, security for, iii. 243 Roper, Edward, iii. 37. Elizabeth 140 ―――― of St. Winow, iv. 156 Roscarnon, ii. 24 Roscarrack, account of, i. 384 ―――― family, ii. 357 ―――― of Roscarrack, i. 384. Charles, John, bis, and Richard 384 ―――― burial place, i. 385 Roscarrock, Mr. i. 214.――Thomas and Mr. iii. 314. Family 193, 240 ―――― of Croan, i. 371 Roscorla, account of, i. 44 ―――― George de, i. 44 bis ―――― of Roscorla in St. Austell, William, iii. 188 Roscrow in Mabe, iii. 125.――Account of, ii. 93, 98 ―――― family, ii. 93 ―――― of Penryn, Julian, i. 144, 145 ―――― of Roscrow, i. 145.――Family and arms, ii. 337 Roscruge family, and etymology of the name, i. 39 Rose, no wild ones in the southern hemisphere, iii. 173 Roseath manor, iv. 3 Rosecadwell, possessors of, iii. 88 Rosecorla, i. 420 Rosecossa, account of, ii. 279 ―――― Sir John, ii. 279 Rosecradock, i. 196, 381.――In St. Clear, iii. 172 Rosehill, iii. 88 Rosemadons, i. 145 Rosemodens, manor of, in Buryan, St. Hilary, Paul, and Guinear, iii. 360 Rosemodris, i. 150 Rosemorron, account of, ii. 124 Rosemullion head, iii. 177 Rosesilian, ii. 398 Roseteague, ii. 56, 57 Roseundle, account of, i. 44 Rosevithney, account of, iii. 47 Roseworth, account of, ii. 317 Rosillian, i. 53, 54 Roskuroh, account of, i. 383 Roskymer family, ii. 128 Rosland, ii. 50 bis Rosmeran, i. 136 Rosminver, iii. 237 Rosmodrevy, i. 141 bis Rosogan, James and John, ii. 192――John, iii. 333 ―――― of St. Stephens, Elizabeth, i. 400. John 399 ter. Arms 400 Ross, Dr. John, Bishop of Exeter, ii. 224――iii. 300.――Solomon de, ii. 336 Rosswick manor, ii. 358 Rosteage, account of by Hals, ii. 54. By Tonkin 56 Roswarne, i. 162, 164 ―――― De, i. 162 bis Rother, Jane, i. 357 Rouen, Archbishop of, appointed Regent by Richard 1st, ii. 178 Rough Tor, i. 131, 132, 201, 307, 310 Round table, ii. 308 Rous, Sir Anthony, Recorder of Launceston, ii. 423.――John, iv. 145 ―――― of Halton, Anthony, i. 313 bis. Francis 315. Arms 313 Rouse, Henry, i. 215.――Captain, Governor of St. Mawe’s castle for Cromwell, ii. 277. Lines upon him 278. Robert of Wootton converted part of a barn at St. Mawe’s castle into a Presbyterian meeting-house, his marriage 278 Rovier, iii. 342 Rowe, Rev. John, ii. 432. Rev. William 252. Mr. 139, 157.――Family, iii. 215 bis, 239 Rowle, Roger, iii. 185. William 386 Royal society, iii. 52, 53, 378 Royalists concealed in a vault, i. 143 Ruan castle, account of, iii. 403 ―――― St. iii. 419 ―――― Lanihorne manor belonged to the Archdekne family, iv. 121 ―――― or Lanyhorne parish, i. 294――ii. 2, 356――iii. 40, 385――iv. 115, 117 bis, 121 RUAN LANIHORNE parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, ancient name, value of benefice, iii. 402. Patron, incumbent, land tax, Tregago, its etymology 403. By Tonkin, situation and boundaries, value of benefice, Lanyhorne castle ibid. Situation and description of it, pulled down, turned into a little town, trade by shipping 404. A rectory, value, patron, two incumbents 405. By the Editor, situation of the church, the creek stopped up, the castle, Arcedekne family ibid. Manors of Lanihorne and Elerchy, Treviles, Mr. Whitaker’s account of this parish, memoir of him, his death 406. Memorial, Editor’s character of him, and of his writings, his defence of Mary Queen of Scots 407. His error respecting the ancient cathedral of Cornwall, has printed two volumes on the subject, containing invective against Dr. Borlase and others, extracts made by Mr. Forschall from a MS. in the British Museum, description of the volume 408. The extracts in Saxon 409. List of the Bishops of Cornwall and of Devonshire 415. See tranferred to Exeter, reason of Edward the elder for endowing the Bishoprick of Crediton, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 416 Ruan Major, or St. Ruan Major parish, ii. 116, 358――iii. 128, 257, 385, 421, 423 bis. Rectory 258 RUAN MAJOR parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, barton of Erisey, iii. 16. Family, story of Mrs. Erisey leaving her husband and taking her daughter with her, his distress compared with Hector’s on parting with Andromache 417. Translation of Hector’s address to Andromache, Hals’s deduction from it of Homer’s and Hector’s opinion upon marriage, dexterity of another, Mr. Erisey admired by James 1st, who objected to his name 418. Parish existing before Wolsey’s Inquisition, value, patron, land tax 419. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, a rectory, value, patron, incumbent. By the Editor, family, and barton of Erisey, advowson ibid. Hals’s specimen of Homer, the same passage from Pope, statistics, incumbent, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 420 Ruan Minor parish, ii. 116, 319, 358――iii. 128, 385, 416, 419 RUAN MINOR parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, patron, incumbent, Cadgwith, Mr. Robinson’s encounter with a bull, iii. 421. He died in three or four days, opinions of his neighbours, our Saviour’s judgment, Meneage comprehended in Lizard, etymology of Lizard and the dangerous nature of the coast 422. By Tonkin, boundaries, patron, incumbent, value 423. By the Editor, Cadgwith cove, succession of property in the parish ibid. Singular claim belonging to the rector, statistics, incumbent, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase, Geology of the Lizard district in the “Transactions of the Cornish Geological Society” 424 Rudall, Rev. Edward, i. 111 Rudyard, John, built the 2nd lighthouse at Eddystone, iii. 376, 377, 378 Ruffo, Roger, iv. 27 Rugeham, iii. 350 Rume parish, ii. 252 Rumor, St. iii. 384 bis, 459. His life 385 Runawartha, iii. 326 Rundle, i. 136 Rupe de, or Roach, Ralph, iii. 393. Family 391, 392, 393 Rupert, Prince, arrived in Cornwall, and accompanied the King, iv. 186 Rupibus, Peter de, i. 130 Rushes, planted as a fence against the sand, ii. 150 Russell, John, Lord, i. 301.――Lost an eye at the siege of Montrueil, sent to oppose the Cornish rebels, iii. 196. Meets them 197. Rev. John 275. Mr. 11 ―――― of Exeter, Mr. made a fortune by the Lisbon trade, ii. 19 Ruthes chapel, i. 218 Ruthven, governor of Plymouth, i. 113 Rutland, ii. 89 ―――― Henry, Earl of, i. 9 Ruydacus, Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415 Ryalton manor, i. 209, 234, 246, 250――iv. 138, 139. Account of 231 Ryalton mansion house, i. 74, 233 Rycaut’s history, ii. 368 Rye, Naval armaments defeated by Fowey, ii. 45 Rysbank, i. 169 Ryvier castle, by Leland, iv. 265

Sabina Popeia, i. 329 Saccombe of Trewinnow, i. 257 Sadler, Captain, i. 270 Saigar, iii. 331 St. Alban’s, battle of, iii. 294 St. Asaph, William Lloyd, Bishop of, one of the seven, iii. 299 Saint Aubyn. See Seynt Aubyn St. Barbe, Francis, iii. 224 St. Clare, Sophia, a novel, iii. 34 St. George, Clarence and Sir Richard, iii. 61 St. John family, iii. 270 St. Martin, Aldred de, iv. 77, 83 St. Maur, William, ii. 189 St. Pierre, Eustace, ii. 158 Saints, Sieur D. T.’s Book of, i. 214 Salamanca university, i. 311 Salamis, iii. 216 Salem in America, iii. 72 ter. Salian Way, i. 393 Salisbury, rebels march through, i. 87. Henry Rogers escapes to, and is there apprehended 269, 282 ―――― Bishop of, John Coldwell, ii. 7. Lionel Woodvill 194 ―――― Earl of, i. 168.――Cecil, ii. 66. Robert Cecil 213. Montacute 91. Nevill, Richard 182. Plantagenet, Margaret, Countess 91 ―――― plain, a nucleus of three chalky ridges, iii. 10 Salmatius, i. 192 Salmenica, castle of, ii. 368 Salmon of the Alan and Val, i. 74 Salmon, John, ii. 192 ――――’s Survey of England, iv. 8 Saltash, the Tamara of the Britons, iv. 40 ―――― borough, John Lemon, M.P. for, iii. 229 ―――― passage, iv. 185, 188 ―――― river, i. 32 ―――― town, i. 77, 103, 113, 203――ii. 59, 76, 79, 254――iii. 110, 380 Salter, George, iii. 350. William of Devonshire 211, 215 Salterne of Penheale, i. 379 Saltren, John. iii. 276 bis Salvia cardinalis, iv. 182 ―――― grahami, iv. 182 ―――― involucrata, iv. 182 Sammes’s Britannia, i. 120 Sampford Courtenay, i. 170 Sampson, the Jewish Hercules, iii. 280 ―――― the younger, Archbishop of Dole, iii. 336 ―――― Benjamin, his gunpowder manufactory and elegant residence, iii. 305. Martin 16 ―――― island, iv. 174. Extent of 175 ―――― St. ii. 231. Hals’s uninteresting history of, Giant church dedicated to 90.――His history, iii. 281 ―――― St. chapel, Padstow, iii. 280 SAMPSON’S, St. or Glant parish, ii. 89 bis, 90 bis, see Glant ―――― St. de South-hill church, ii. 231 San or Saint explained, iv. 312 Sancred, or Sancreed parish, iii. 242, 283 ―――― St. iii. 425 SANCREED parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, land tax, rich lodes of tin, iii. 425. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name ibid. A vicarage, value, patron 426. By the Editor, church and monuments, one to Mrs. Bird, memoir of her, impropriation and patronage, consecrated well, St. Euny’s chapel, Hals’s dissertation on Creeds ibid. Pronounced Sancrist, Drift, Tregonnebris, late vicar, statistics, present vicar, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 427 Sancrit, iii. 78 Sancroft, William, Archbishop of Canterbury, committed to the tower, iii. 296, 299 Sanctuary manor, iv. 17 Sand, inundated great part of Cornwall, ii. 149. Difficulty of burning the calcareous to lime 150.――Encroachments of, iii. 340. Confined by roots of plants 344.――Important for manure, iv. 17 ―――― place, iii. 252 Sandal, John, i. 251 Sander’s land, i. 187 Sanders, Mr. iv. 74 Sandford, i. 317 Sandhill, account of, i. 158 Sands, John, i. 24.――Lord, and Hester his daughter, iii. 145 Sandwich, i. 169.――A Cinque port, ii. 38 ―――― Edward Montagu, Earl of, iii. 104 Sandys, Sir Edwin, Edwin Archbishop of York, arms, iii. 158.――Rev. William, tutor to Lord de Dunstanville, ii. 244.――Rev. William, iii. 10, 238, 239 bis, 240. Called the Cardinal, monument to 239. William 241 ―――― of Hedbury, Worcestershire, Margaret and Sir William, iii. 158. William 158, 159. Sir William 158. Family 156. The Editor, their heir 159. Arms 158.――Edwyn, Lord, iv. 57 ―――― of Helston, Mary, Mr. ii. 218.――Of St. Minver, Mr. iv. 104 ―――― of Lanarth, Rev. Sampson, William, ii. 327 ―――― of Ombersley, ii. 327 ―――― of the Vine, Basingstoke, Hants, Edwin, iii. 159. Elizabeth 158. Henry 157 quat., 158 ter., 158, 159. Hester 157 ter., 158 ter., 159 bis. Margaret, William Lord 158.――Edwyn, Lord, raised a regiment of foot, and another of horse for Charles 1st, his death, iv. 58. William Lord 57 bis ―――― of the Vine peerage, petition for, iv. 58 Saneret parish, ii. 282 Sanns, John and Sampson, ii. 320 Sans, word explained, iv. 317 Santy, Edmund, iii. 324 Saplyn, William, i. 215 bis Saracens, i. 414――ii. 37 Sarah, i. 414 Sargeaux of Court, family, ii. 394, 395. Alice 395 bis. Richard 394 ter. Richard, jun. and Richard Sheriff of Cornwall 394. Sir Richard, ib. ter. Arms 395 Sarum, borough, ii. 162.――Old, burgage tenures purchased by governor Pitt, and his election for, i. 68 “Satyrs of Juvenal and Persius,” notes on, iv. 87 Saunder’s hill, iii. 280 Saviour’s, St. chapel, Padstow, iii. 281 Sawah, iii. 33 Sawle, Joseph, i. 43――iii. 200――Family, iv. 101 ―――― of Penrice, Joseph and Mary, i. 222.――Mr. iii. 279 Saxifraga sarmentosa, iv. 182 Saxon camp, iv. 78 ―――― Chronicle, ii. 403――iii. 310 ―――― fort, iii. 322 ―――― kings, tradition of seven dining together, ii. 284 ―――― saint, iv. 125 ―――― times, iii. 264 ―――― victory at Camelford, iii. 322 Saxons, i. 195, 305, 334 quat., 326, 337 bis, 338, 342 bis, 404――ii. 127――iii. 284, 365 bis.――Landed at Perthsasnac, ii. 165. Their castles 423. Battle with the Britons 403.――Defeated by St. David, iii. 293.――Their settlement in Cornwall, iv. 125 Say, William, Lord, ii. 379 Sayer family, iii. 212, 215 Scandinavians, i. 341――ii. 248 Scawen, i. 392.――Family, ii. 67. Arms 68.――Thomas, iii. 318, 319. Sir William 268, 271, 317. Mr. 271, 355. William, his observations on the Cornish MS. Passio Christi, App. V. iv. 190. His dissertation on the Cornish tongue 193 to 221 ―――― of Millinike, William, ii. 67 Scawn, i. 20 Schobells, ii. 281 Sciffo, Phavorino and Hortulana, i. 175 Scilly Islands or Isles, i. 139, 198, 199――ii. 213, 237, 283 ter.――iii. 429, 430 bis, 431, 433.――Governor and gunners pensioned, ii. 278. Sir John Grenville, governor 345. Lighthouse on St. Agnes 358.――Etymology, iii. 430 bis. Reduced by Athelstan 322. Garrison at 289.――List of, iv. 230 SCILLY ISLANDS, by the Editor, unnoticed by Hals and Tonkin, frequented by the ancients for tin, called the ancient Cassiterides by mistake, fable of the Lioness country, exaggerated opinion of the ancients, Scilly isles mistaken by them for England, iv. 168. Monastery, grant to Tavistock abbey and its confirmation 169. A second 170. Letter from Edward 3rd, his camp in Enmoor, only two monks resident, agreement for their exchange for secular priests, tithes impropriated, St. Nicholas convent on Trescow island, remains visible, St. Nicholas the patron of mariners 171; and of infants, miracle working by his relics, the islands important in the Civil Wars, patriotism of the cavaliers, system of annual leasing injurious to the islands 172. Now let on lives with condition of improving the harbour, expectations formed from Mr. Smith, Lighthouse on St. Agnes, suggestion for one on the Wolf 173. Wrecks formerly much more frequent than now, loss of the Victory, Geology, rocks insignificant, no legendary history or peculiarity of manners, their names, speculations upon them 174. Vigilance in the customs, produce, resort of ships, Dr. Borlase on their druidical antiquities, population, improvement of police and justice 175. Appointment of magistrates, situation of St. Agnes lighthouse, high water 176 Scipio Africanus, iii. 106.――His remark on the fall of Carthage, ii. 426 Scobell, i. 45 bis, 46, 255. Barbara 259 bis. Francis 44, 417, 418. Francis, M.P., 416. Mary 259. Richard 44, 259 bis. Arms 44.――Francis, iii. 381. Mr. and family 88 ―――― of Menagwins, Mary and Richard, i. 257.――In St. Austell, ii. 217 bis ―――― of Rosillian, Henry, i. 53 ―――― of St. Austell, i. 53 Scobhall of Devon, arms, i. 44 Scornier, account of, ii. 134 Scotland, i. 336――iv. 75.――Union with, i. 126.――St. German travelled through and preached there, ii. 65. The Eliots originated from 66. The Duke of Braciano came to 371 ―――― church of, iii. 300 Scots, King, ii. 371 ―――― wars, iv. 75 Scott, Sir Walter, a quotation from, ii. 214. He has given popularity to the word foray 165 Scottish tongue, iii. 114 Scripture, Jewish, contains no reference to a future existence, book of Job excepted, iii. 69 Scrope, Elizabeth and Sir Richard, ii. 185.――Richard and William, Lords of Bolton castle, iii. 129. Arms ibid. 130. Their contest with Carmynow for them 129 Scrope and Grosvenor Roll, iii. 138 Scylley Isles, by Leland, iv. 266, 285 Sea trout, iii. 442 Seaborn, Anne and Mr. of Bristol, ii. 270 Seaford, relics at, iii. 33 Seaforth, i. 47 Searell, Allen, i. 2 Searle family and arms, i. 37.――Mr. iv. 98 Seaton river, iii. 118, 119 Seawen, i. 397 Sebaste, i. 52 Sebert, King of the East Angles, ii. 284 Seccombe of Pelsew, William, and arms, i. 417 Sechell, Rev. Mr. of St. Just and Sancreed, iii. 427 Segar, William, ii. 192 Selborne, and its vicar, Mr. White, iii. 206 Selby abbey, ii. 75 Selybria in Greece, ii. 366 Senan, St. an Irishman, his life by Dr. Butler, friend of St. David, founded a monastery, was a bishop, died the same day as St. David, notice of him, iii. 431. His day 431, and 434 Senate of Rome, i. 334 Seneca, iv. 87 Seneschale family, ii. 139 ―――― of Holland, Bernard, John de, and Luke, ii. 93 Sennan, St. a Persian, exposed to wild beasts, and at last killed by gladiators, iii. 434 ―――― St. parish, i. 198――ii. 282 Sennen, Sennon or Sennor parish, i. 138, 139――iii. 30, 78 SENNEN parish, or ST. SENNEN, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, ancient name, value, land tax, painted images hid in the wall, inscription on font, iii. 428. Penros, Trevear, parish yields little wheat, but plenty of barley, Chapel Carne Braye 429. Dangerous rocks, spire thrown down, erected by the Romans, or by King Athelstan, and Marogeth Arvowed 430. Penryn-Penwid, Land’s End 431. By Tonkin, St. Sennan, daughter church to Burian. By the Editor, most western parish in England ibid. No granite on the cliff except near Land’s End, magnificent scene, Longships, light-house upon, communication interrupted sometimes for three months, latitude and longitude of Land’s End, church conspicuous, built of granite, monuments, inn 432. Its appropriate inscriptions, Mean village, tradition and prophecy attached to a flat rock here, Whitsand bay, things said to have landed here, parish fertile, variety of measures, difference of the mile in England and Ireland 433. English and Irish acre, history of St. Sennen, another St. Senan, his Life by Dr. Butler 434. Parish feast, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase, sand in Whitsand bay, drifted as far as Sennen green 435 Senns, i. 214 Sepulchre of our Saviour, ii. 414 Sereod, Sir Thomas, M.P. for Cornwall, iii. 165 Sergeaulx, Sir Richard and his heirs, iii. 65.――Richard, iv. 21 and 22. Sir Richard and three Misses 22. Family 21 Sergiopolis, iv. 100 Sergius, St. iv. 111. His history, the place of his martyrdom named Sergiopolis 100 ―――― and Bacchus, Saints, Abbey at Angiers, iii. 232 bis――iv. 100, 105 Sergreaulx, i. 264. Alice 262 quat. Richard 264. Sir Richard 262.――Sir Richard, ii. 181. Family ibid. 182 Serischall, Bartholomew, Margery and arms, iii. 225 Seriseaux, Richard de, ii. 398 ―――― arms, iii. 225 Serjeant, Rev. John, i. 381 Serjeaux family, iii. 258 Serman, St. iv. 14 Serpeknol, iv. 153 Serpents, petrified, invariably wanted a head, ii. 298 Sescombe of St. Kevorne, i. 313 Seven Oaks, Kent, iv. 87 bis Seven years’ war, ii. 32, 245 Severn channel, iv. 15 ―――― river, iii. 298 ―――― sea, iii. 331 Seville, i. 161 ―――― Bishop of, i. 82 Seviock, iii. 374 Seymour, Lord Hugh, cruised from Falmouth, ii. 18 ―――― Charles Duke of Somerset, and Lady Elizabeth 460. Colonel H. iii. 231.――Edward, Duke of Somerset and protector, iv. 107 ―――― of Bury Pomeroye, Sir Edward, i. 416 Seyne fishing for pilchards, ii. 262 Seyntaubyn, or Seynt Aubyn, i. 136, 261, 317, 318, 319, 414. Mr. 265. Sir John, Bart. 121, 261 bis, 266 ter., 268, 271, 277, 350, 417, 418. His address to the parish of Crowan on the outrage at Skewis 284. Charity schools endowed by 288. Thomas 261. Family monuments in Crowan church 288――ii. 160 bis. Ann 5. Catherine 199. Geoffrey, Sheriff of Cornwall, Sir Guy 181, 183, 395. John 213, quin., 354. Sir John 5, 176, 199 bis, 213, 214, 243. Margaret 243. Margery 354.――St. Aubin, or St. Aubyn, Francis, iii. 80. John 83. Rev. R. T. of Ruan Minor 424. Miss 133. Mr. a pupil of Dr. Borlase 53.――Sir John, iv. 73, 139. Mr. 22. Family 107 ―――― of Clanawar, Colonel John, i. 113 ―――― of Clowance, i. 261, 262, 263. Geoffrey 265. Sir Guy 261, 262, 263, 265. John 262 bis. Sir John 262 ter., 263, 265. Thomas 262 bis. Arms 262.――Geoffrey, ii. 385. John 122.――John, iii. 81, 317. Sir John 317, 318, 319. Thomas 211. Mr. 65.――Of Clowans, Colonel John, iv. 188 ―――― of Crowan, i. 360 ―――― of Trekininge, Sir John, i. 216 Shaftesbury, ii. 26 ―――― Anthony Ashley Cooper, Earl of, ii. 379 Shakespeare, iv. 119 Shakspeare of Pendarves, John, iii. 311 Shannon river, iii. 434 Shapcott, of Elton, Thomas, i. 170 Shapter, Rev. Mr. ii. 106 Sharp Tor, or Sharpy Torry, i. 189, ter.――iii. 45.――Description of, i. 187 Sheen Priory, Richmond, ii. 190 Sheepshanks, Rev. Mr. ii. 105. His character 104 Shell work, extraordinary, i. 147 Shepard, Elizabeth, i. 222 Shepherds, iii. 273. Origin of the name 272 Sherborne manor, ii. 7 Sheriff of Cornwall violently resisted in the execution of his duty by Henry Rogers at Skewis, i. 268 ―――― Thady, iv. 116 Sheviock barton, iii. 436 ―――― manor, ii. 362――iii. 437 ―――― parish, i. 32――ii. 250. Or Shevyock 59 SHEVIOCK parish, by Hals, situation and boundaries, value of benefice, land tax, endowment of the church, Dawnay family, iii. 436. By Tonkin, a rectory, value, patron, incumbent, Sheviock manor 437. By the Editor, church old, splendid monuments 438. Tale of the building of the church and a barn, advowson, Crofthole village, its situation, Porth Wrinkle 439. Trethel, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 440 Shillingham, iii. 464. Account of 463 ―――― of Shillingham family, iii. 463 Shipmoney, iii. 144 bis, 152 Shipwreck, extraordinary, ii. 320 Shoreham, i. 258 Short, Charles, of Devon, ii. 218 Shovel, Sir Cloudesley, iv. 174 Shrewsbury, ii. 76. St. Chad, patron of 391 ―――― Richard of, i. 88 Shropshire, the Cornwalls twenty-two times sheriffs of, iii. 449 Shuckburgh, Richard, i. 355.――Sir George. His Tables, iv. 145 ―――― of Shuckburgh, i. 355 Sibthorpe, i. 358 Sibthorpia Europæa, iv. 180 Siddenham, South, ii. 430 Sidenham, Cuthbert and Humphrey, iv. 77 Sidney, Sir Philip, Sir Beville Grenville was his rival, ii. 348 Sigdon, ii. 71 Sigebert, King of the East Angles, ii. 284 Signals, from Maker church, iii. 106. Remarks on ibid. Silly, William, i. 223.――Mrs. ii. 136.――Elizabeth and Joseph, iii. 66 ―――― of Minver and St. Wenn, John, iii. 237. Family 66. Arms 237 ―――― of Trevella, Hender, iii. 237. William 237, 238 Sillye, heir of, iv. 111 Siloam, tower of, iii. 422 Silvester, Pope, i. 237 Simmons, George, iii. 215 Simon’s, St. and St. Jude’s day, ii. 140 Simon Ward or St. Breward parish, i. 62, 131――iv. 97 Simpson, John, iii. 206 Sion Abbey, ii. 176. Middlesex 209, 212 bis Sirius, its parallax ascertained by Dr. Maskelyne, ii. 222 Sisters, the nine, iv. 2 Sithian, St. Bertin, Abbot of, iv. 157 Sithney parish, ii. 136, 141, 155, 156, 160. St. John’s hospital at 157――iii. 419, 421.――Its governor, iv. 1.――Near Helston, singular tale of a fair removed from, iii. 309 SITHNEY parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriator, land tax, St. John’s hospital, a deficiency in the MS. iii. 441. Trout, royalty of the river, Trevelle’s tenure 442. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name ibid. A vicarage, value, patron, incumbent, impropriation, Penrose manor, its situation, Loo Pool, its trout, sandbank, used as a bridge, its danger, Mr. Penrose’s house, name of the river 443. The bar, the fish of the pool 444. By the Editor, distance of the church from Breage church, divided by a valley, attempt to make a harbour of Porthleaven ibid. Has failed, Penrose, improvements expected, Antron 445. Trevarnoe, St. John’s hospital, stone pointing out its site, impropriation of the tithes, present and a former incumbent 446. Parish feast, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase, form of the parish, Whele Vor 447 Sixtus 5th, Pope, ii. 371 bis Skelton, ii. 186 Skewish, Great, iv. 141 ―――― Miss, iii. 147.――Collan and family, iv. 2 Skewys, i. 267 bis, 272, 303 ―――― of Skewys, John, i. 303 Skidmore, Thomas, ii. 196 Skinden, account of, ii. 338 Skippon, Major General, i. 114 bis――iv. 188. His men distressed on their march, and charged by the King’s troops ibid. Commissioner for the parliament army 189 Skyburiow, Miss, iii. 134 Slade of Lanewa, George, i. 418 ―――― of Trevennen, Simon, iii. 202 bis, and William 202 Slancombe Dawney, i. 64 Slannen, i. 347, 370 Slanning, Sir Nicholas of Marstow, Devon, governor of Pendennis castle. Killed at the battle of Bristol against the rebels, and the marriage of his widow, ii. 13.――Sir Nicholas, Bart. iii. 76. Sir Nicholas of Marystow, Devon 75, 76. Arms 76 Slapton, college of, Devon, iii. 352 Slate from Drillavale quarry, the best in England, iv. 45 Sloane’s, Sir Hans, MSS. iii. 154 Slugg, John, ii. 189 Small, i. 317 Smeaton, Mr. ii. 264. Built the present Eddystone lighthouse 378 quat., 432 Smith, i. 78, 117.――Walter, ii. 70.――William, Bishop of Litchfield, afterwards of Lincoln, iii. 141――i. 218.――Mr. has taken a lease of the Scilly isles, iv. 173. Name 128 ―――― of Crantock, Sir James, i. 250. Sir William 249. Arms 250 ―――― of Devon, George and Grace, ii. 347 ―――― of Exon, i. 250. Sir James 348 ―――― of Kent, John, ii. 379 ―――― of Mitchell Morton family, ii. 416 ―――― of Trelizicke, i. 348 ―――― of Trethewoll, i. 408 ――――’s, ii. 154 Smithfield, execution in, ii. 192 Smithick or Smithike, British name of Falmouth, ii. 20. Changed 8. Town and custom-house built 9 Smithson, Sir Hugh, Duke of Northumberland, iii. 460 Smyrna, iii. 187.――Rev. E. Nankivell, chaplain to the factory at, iv. 5 Smyth, Rev. T. S. i. 49.――Rev. John, curate of St. Just, notice of, ii. 286. Monument, inscription, and cenotaph 287 Snell, Rev. Mr. of Menheniot, iii. 168 ―――― of Whilley, Elizabeth, iii. 160 Soaprock, account of, ii. 360 Sobieski, John, the preserver of Christendom, ii. 351 Society, Antiquarian, ii. 224 ―――― for propagating the Gospel, iii. 73 ―――― Royal, ii. 224 Solenny, Hostulus De, iv. 25, 26 quat. John 26 ter. Solinus, i. 199 Solomon, Duke of Cornwall, i. 294 Somaster of Painsford, Devon, John and Marianne, ii. 304 Somers, Lord, iii. 15 Somerset, Duke of, i. 169 quat.――ii. 182.――Charles Seymour, iii. 460. John 65.――Edward Seymour, Protector, iv. 107 Somersetshire, i. 113――ii. 110, 190, 293. Romantic scenery of 88.――Insurgents enter, i. 86.――King Charles in, marched out of, iv. 185. The Trevelyans sheriffs of 114 Sondry, Thomas, iii. 387 Sophocles, ii. 103, 165 Sound, the English fleet sailed for, ii. 27 South Downs, iii. 10 ―――― Saxons, Cissa, King of, ii. 284 ―――― Sea islands, iv. 45 Southallington manor, i. 64 Southampton, ii. 76 Southernay, i. 108 Southey’s lines upon St. Keyne’s well, ii. 295 Southill parish, i. 151 bis――ii. 309 bis――iii. 43――iv. 6, 7 SOUTHILL parish. See Hill, South South Teign, i. 170 Sowle, i. 47 Spain, i. 161 ter.――ii. 107――iii. 187, 361――iv. 86.――Coast of, iii. 218.――Tobacco sold cheap in, ii. 43. War with 245. Her fleet ibid. Appeared in Plymouth Sound 246. Officers lost returning from 325.――Elizabeth’s wars with, iii. 105.――Trade of Looe with, iv. 35 Spaniards, ii. 6.――Invasion of Britain by, their name hated at Mousehole, iii. 287.――And French, sea-fight with, iv. 21 Spanish galleons, Sir Richard Grenville sent in the Revenge to intercept, ii. 344 ―――― galleys, five, burnt Penzance, iii. 81, 91 ―――― merchants murdered, ii. 6 ―――― pieces, ii. 6 ―――― vessel wrecked, iii. 311 ―――― wars, story of, ii. 6 Spark of Plymouth, i. 370 Sparks family, ii. 357 Speaker of the House of Commons, ii. 68.――Speakers, Hakewell’s Catalogue of, iv. 44 Speccott, i. 221. Sir John 381 bis. Arms 379.――Family, ii. 398, 400.――Mr. iii. 449. His death 450 ―――― of Penheale, John, i. 378 bis. Hon. John 378, 379. Seized with small pox the day after his marriage 379. His death and will ibid.――John and Colonel, ii. 399.――Of Penheel, John, iii. 38 Speed, i. 217――iii. 111, 441――iv. 101; and Dugdale’s Monast. Anglic. i. 247――ii. 62, 96――iv. 101 Spelman’s Glossary, iii. 389 Spencer of Lancaster, i. 263 Spernon, i. 127 Sperrack of Trigantan, i. 258 Spettigue, Rev. Edward of Michaelstow, iii. 223.――John, iv. 62 Spigurnel, Henry, iii. 2 Spinster’s town, iv. 140 Spour family, ii. 227, 229. Henry, Miss, and arms 227 Spoure of Trebartha, Edmund, and Mary, ii. 396.――Family, i. 302, 303 Spry, Edward, iii. 378. Sir. J. T. and Admiral 446. Miss 66. Family 194, 449. Line upon 449 ―――― or Sprye of Tregony, Peter and his daughter, iii. 77. Miss 75 Sprye, A. G. i. 28. Rev. William 106. Arms and etymology of name 28.――Samuel Thomas, M.P. for Bodmin, ii. 35. Admiral 34.――Family, i. 29, 61 ter.――ii. 54, 300 ―――― of Blissland, i. 28 Spur, Mr. ii. 120 Spye, derivation of name, i. 28 Squire, Arthur, ii. 377 Stabback, Rev. Thomas, i. 293.――Rev. Samuel of Sancreed, iii. 427 Stackenoe, iv. 1 Stackhouse, Mrs. i. 400. Edward William 401. Rev. Thomas, author of the History of the Bible 400. John 163 ter., 400 bis. William 400. Dr. William 163, 400 bis.――John, iii. 367 bis. Thomas of Beenham, Berks 366. His works ibid. Rev. Dr. William, rector of St. Erme ibid. bis. William 367 bis Stadyon, ii. 139 Stafford, Baron of, ii. 230. Baronial family 231 ―――― county, ii. 89 ―――― Humphrey, i. 64.――Edmund, Bishop of Exeter, iii. 446. Family 117 Stainton, Henry De, iii. 2 Stamford, Earl of, governor of Plymouth, iii. 183. Defeated 351 ―――― hill, iii. 351 ―――― creek, iii. 256 Stanbury, iii. 255 ―――― family, iii. 350 ―――― of Stanbury, Richard or John, Bishop of Hereford, family and their property, iii. 255 Stancomb Dawney, iii. 436 Stanhope, i. 61. Hon. and Rev. H., 149 Stannaries, laws relating to, i. 365.――Records of, iii. 57.――Earl of Radnor, Lord Warden of, ii. 380.――John Thomas, Vice Warden of, iv. 91 Starford, William, i. 108 Stawel, Edward Lord, H. B. Legge, Lord, H. S. B. Legge, Lord, and Mary, iii. 206 Stawell, John, ii. 196 Steam boats, discovery anticipated, iv. 91 ―――― engine, the first used in Cornwall, i. 127 Stebens, Rev. R. S. of South Petherwin, iii. 338 Stephen, King, ii. 87――iii. 433, 456 bis, 463――iv. 81, 82, 140 ―――― prior of Launceston, ii. 419 ―――― St. the protomartyr, iii. 450, 456 ―――― St. by Leland, iv. 292 ―――― St. cum Tresmore, ii. 430 ―――― ’s, St. abbey, dissolution of, iv. 68 ―――― St. altar in Dublin cathedral, iv. 146 ―――― St. chapel in Dublin cathedral, iv. 147 ―――― St. church, iii. 458 ―――― St. college, by Launceston, i. 112――iv. 185.――Prior of, i. 378 bis ―――― St. collegiate church, suppressed, ii. 419. Ralph, Dean of 426. Prior of 422 ―――― St. parish, i. 103, 128, 140, 251, 310――iii. 195, 207, 335, 354 bis, 395――iv. 152 Stephen’s, St. by Leland, iv. 281 ―――― St. in Brannel church, iii. 198. The advowson 202 ――――’s St. in Brannel or Branwell parish, i. 310――ii. 109, 110, 353――iv. 54 STEPHEN’S, ST. in BRANNEL parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, consolidation with St. Denis, and Carhayes, endowment, patron, incumbent, land tax, court, iii. 448. Bodenike, the love adventures of Mr. Tanner and Mrs. Windham 449. By Tonkin, situation and boundaries, dedication, daughter to Carhayes, value, patron, incumbent 450. Manor of Brannel 451. Whitaker, singular constitution of the parish, manor of Carhayes supposed a royal one 451. Name and appearance of the house confirm the supposition 452. St. Denis parochiated, Carhayes not mentioned in Pope Nicholas’s valor 453. By Editor, church stands high, lofty tower, potatoe cultivation, monument in church to Dr. Hugh Wolrige with epitaph, statistics, fluctuation in mining, china clay, Geology by Dr. Boase 454. China stone and clay, quantities exported from Cornwall 455 ―――― St. by Launceston parish, ii. 361, 417, 419, 420――iii. 466 STEPHEN’S, ST. near LAUNCESTON parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, collegiate church, converted into a priory, iii. 456. Impropriated all the benefices annexed to it, land tax, fairs, a friary 457. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, value of benefice 457. By Editor, early history indistinct, college changed into a monastery, St. Thomas’s church, etymology of Launceston, the church seated high with a lofty tower, inscription to Viscount Newhaven, Sir Jonathan Phillips 458. Barton of Carnedon, modern history of the parish, borough of Newport, its constitution, Werrington 459. Its deer park 460. Fairs, Sarah Coat, aged 104. Statistics, incumbent, Geology by Dr. Boase 461 ――――’s, St. by Launceston, prior of, iv. 51, 59, 63 bis, 68 ―――― St. in Lesnewith, iv. 63 ―――― St. in Penwith, iv. 50, 51 quat. ―――― St. by Saltash parish, i. 199, 203――ii. 8, 110.――Sheet of Hals’s MS. relating to, communicated to the Editor, iv. 184 STEPHEN’S, ST. near SALTASH, parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, iii. 461. Ancient name, value of benefice, castle, honour, and manor, of Trematon, their history 462. Shillingham, etymology, Buller family, treachery of a domestic chaplain 463. Fentongollan reluctantly sold to raise the amount of a fine 464. Earth, Wyvillecomb 465. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, a vicarge, its value, &c. ibid. By the Editor 466. Statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 470 ―――― St. point, i. 381, 386 ―――― St. rectory, i. 72 Stephens family, i. 84 bis, 121 bis――ii. 43, 77, 80, 269――iv. 67.――Rev. Edward, ii. 338. Samuel 215. Mr. 134, 259.――Rev. Darell, of Little Petherick, iii. 335. Rev. D. of Maker 109. John 48, 387. Rev. Mr. 240. Mrs. 8.――Nicholas, iv. 77 ―――― of Culverhouse near Exeter, Richard, iv. 67 ―――― of St. Ives, John, i. 353, 354, 392, 399 bis, 403. Samuel 403.――Family escaped the plague, ii. 271. Anne, Augustus, Harriet 270. John 269 ter., 270 bis, Maria 270. Samuel 270 quin. ―――― of Tregenna, Samuel, i. 392, 403.――Mr. ii. 354.――In St. Ives, Rev. J. iii. 54. Samuel 440 ―――― of Tregorne, Mr. iii. 311 Stepney, iii. 188 Stepper point, iii. 281, 282 Sternhold, Thomas, i. 96――iii. 238 Stevens family, iii. 192 Steward, Lord, ii. 68 Stidio, Bishop of Cornwall, ii. 60, 61――iii. 415 Stithian parish, i. 221, 236.――Stithians, ii. 129, 140.――Stithyans or St. Stithians, iii. 59, 305, 380 ―――― St. iv. 2 ――――’s St. church, iv. 4 STITHIAN’S, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, mother church to Peranwell, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, impropriation, saint, iv. 1. Penaluricke barton and manor, Tretheage, the nine maids, tin 2. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, saint, a vicarage ibid. Patron, impropriation, incumbent, manor of Tretheage 3. By Editor, church and tower, manors of Kennal and Roseeth, barton of Tretheage ibid. Penalurick, Treweek, Tresavren, Trevales, the church, charter of Edmund Earl of Cornwall 4. Value of the benefice, late vicar, statistics, present vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase 5 Stithiany, ii. 136 Stock, D. J. E. his Life of Dr. Beddoes, iii. 251 Stoke, i. 266.――Meaning of, iv. 7 ―――― Climsland, i. 151, 153 bis――ii. 229, 230, 309――iii. 40, 43 ―――― Climsland, or Stow Climsland manor, iv. 6, 7, 11 STOKE CLIMSLAND parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, manor, writ, Hengiston downs, tin works, part of Cari Bollock, iv. 6. Manor of Rileaton, writ, benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax. By Tonkin and Whitaker, situation and boundaries, value, patron, incumbent, manor of Climsland 7. Cary Bullock park, etymology 8. By the Editor, manor of Stoke Climsland, and Climsland prior, Carybullock, Whiteford, Mr. Call, memoir of 9. Afterwards Sir John, Sir W. P. Call, manor of Climsland prior, advowson 11. Statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 12 ―――― Damerel, i. 266 ―――― Damerell parish, iv. 39 ―――― Gabriel church, i. 367 ―――― Gabriel vicarage, i. 130 Stone, advowson, iii. 115 ―――― of Bundbury, Wilts, James, i. 259 Stonehouse, west, now Mount Edgecombe, iii. 107 Stones, circles of, i. 141 Storm which destroyed Eddystone lighthouse, iii. 376.――At Gwenap, ii. 132 Stourton, Lord, iii. 357. His daughter 369 Stow’s History of England, iii. 310 Stowe, in Bucks, carvings from Stowe in Cornwall, transferred to, ii. 346, 351 ―――― in Kilkhampton, ii. 340. Etymology 232. The Grenvilles resided there for many generations 344. Mansion built by John, Earl of Bath 346, 351. The noblest house in the west of England 346. Demolished, materials sold, wainscot of the chapel sold to Lord Cobham, and transferred to Stowe, Bucks 346, 351. Magnificence and situation 346. The carving of the chapel by Mr. Chuke, ib. Built at the national expence, almost all the gentlemen’s seats in Cornwall embellished from 351.――Staircase from, iii. 279. Spoils of 351 Stowell, Sir John, ii. 233.――William, iii. 358 Stradling, Ann, iii. 316. Edmund 316 bis ―――― of Dunlevy, Edmund, iii. 211 Strange, Nicholas, i. 246 Strathan, or Stratton hundred, iii. 22, 114, 254, 349 Straton, i. 60 Stratone, iv. 1 Stratton hundred, i. 133――ii. 232 340, 402, 413――iv. 12, 15, 39, 40, 131, 152 bis.――Bailiffry of, ii. 416 ―――― manor, ii. 427――iv. 15, 16 bis ―――― parish, ii. 273, 340, 413, 416, 429, 430――iii. 114, 274, 349, 352. Roman road through 324.――Battle at, ii. 349.――Victory, i. 113 STRATTON parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, iv. 12. Patron, land tax, market, Thurlebere, battle in the rebellion, Sir B. Grenville unhorsed 13. Chudleigh taken prisoner, royal party victorious, with a loss of 200, took 17 guns, subsequent fertility of the field, Sir Ralph Hopton and his ancestry 14. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, Roman way, value of benefice, a vicarage, patron, manor 15. Its value 16. By Editor, former road through Stratton and Binomy manors, manor of Efford, church and tower ibid. Great age of Elizabeth Cornish, the tithes, manor of Sanctuary changed for the honour of Wallingford, Bude, jetty, canal efficacy of shell-sand as manure, boats used with wheels, Fulton’s improvement of canal navigation 17. A watering place, Launcells house, G. B. Kingdon, Esq. instance of longevity, bells, height of Hennacleve cliff 18. Statistics, vicar, Geology by Dr. Boase 19 Straughan, Colonel, challenged the King’s army, his troop led by himself, iv. 186. Challenge accepted, his orders, and charge, took some of the King’s horses 187 Street, John, accomplice with Rogers, convicted and executed, i. 269. His trial for the murder of Carpenter 272. For that of Woolston 276 ―――― Nowan, iii. 288 Stretch of Devon, Lord of Pinhoe, iv. 43 Strettoun, by Leland, iv. 258 Stribble hill, i. 223 Strode, Richard, ii. 231 Stroote, i. 348 Stukeley, i. 141 Styria, iii. 186 Subterranean vault at Trove, i. 143 “Sudeley Castle, History of,” iii. 160 Suffolk, ii. 66 ―――― Duke of, iv. 107.――Henry Grey, ii. 294 bis ―――― Earl of, iii. 154.――Edmund de la Pole, i. 86 Sulpicius, St. iii. 122 Sumaster, ii. 71 Summercourt, i. 388 bis Sunderland, Earl of, i. 84 bis, 126. Charles Spencer 127 ―――― man of war, ii. 32――iii. 186 Surat, ii. 227――iii. 188 Surrey, iii. 10 ―――― Thomas Holland, Duke of, iii. 27 Surrius’s book, i. 214 Surtecote, Angero de, iv. 27 Survey of Cornwall, iii. 437――iv. 68, 100, 139, 156. Of the Duchy of Cornwall 6 Sussex county, iii. 206 bis. Weald of 10 Sutherland, i. 349, 350, 359 Sutton, Rev. Henry, ii. 409.――Rev. William of St. Michael Carhayes, and St. Stephen’s in Brannel, iii. 450 Swallock, i. 131 Swannacot manor, iv. 136 Swanpool, i. 137, 138 Swansea, i. 364――ii. 241 ―――― coal sent to Cornwall, iii. 340 Sweden, King of, ii. 27. Bestows medals on English officers ibid. Sweet, i. 417.――Rev. Charles, iii. 38 ―――― of Kentisbury, Rev. Charles 381 Swift, Jonathan, Dean of St. Patrick’s, i. 58.――Restored Archbishop Tregury’s tomb, iv. 141, 144, 147 Swimmer, Robert, ii. 70 Swiss cantons, had a custom of trying after execution, iii. 186 Swithin, St. ii. 403 Switzerland, iii. 231 Sydemon, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415 Sydenham, Devon, iii. 126 Sydney Sussex college, Cambridge, iv. 136 bis Sylea island, iv. 230 Symmonds, Rev. John, ii. 116 Symonds, Rev. Mr. i. 353, 354 Symons, William, i. 105, 107.――Rev. Mr. ii. 116.――Rev. J. T. of Trevalga, iv. 67. Family 62 ―――― of Halt, i. 162 Symonward, iv. 49 Symphorian, two saints of the name, iv. 117, 120 ―――― by Leland, iv. 258 Symphrogia, St. iv. 117 Syriac, St. iv. 111, 112 Syrian castles, ii. 423 Sythany, i. 261 Sythney, hospital of the Knights of St. John at, iii. 78 Syth’s, St. ii. 405

“Tables of the Greek Language,” iv. 87 Tacabere, i. 133, 134 bis Tacitus, i. 256――iii. 162 Tagus, i. 372 Talbot, William, iv. 28. Family 145 Talcare, i. 20――iv. 24 Talgrogan, i. 17 Talland, ii. 430 bis. Tallant 398. Talland, Tallant, or Tallend parish, iii. 65, 249, 291, 294 TALLAND parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, land tax, etymology, iv. 19. West Looe, borough and town 20. Killygarth barton and manor 21. Hendarsike 22. Trenake 23. By Tonkin and Whitaker, situation, boundaries, a vicarage, value, impropriation, patron, incumbent, Polpera ibid. Porth Tallant, manor, etymology, the church, story of Mr. Murth and his French miller 24. By the Editor, additions from Bond relating to West Looe, in the hamlet of Lemain, barton of Port Looe, Lammana, description of the chapel 25. Grants relating to the monastery 26, 27. Midmain rock, Horestone rock, Portnadle bay, corporation of West Looe 28. West Looe down, Giant’s hedge, St. Winnow down 29. Romans directed their roads to Fords, Causey from Leskeard to Looe 30. Two circular encampments, described, Berry park 31. Prospects, five barrows, grave discovered, a celt found 32. Some in the British Museum, gold chain and brass instruments found, Polvellan 33. Inclosure of the down desirable 34. Property in it, lettings 35. Trade of Looe, church, Beville monument, Polbenro, beauty of the road from Fowey to Looe, Killigarth manor, Kilmenawth, or Kelmenorth, hamlet of Lemaine, extract from an old record 36. Portlooe, Looe island, Polvellan, Greek inscription, Admiral Wager 37. Killygarth, Polperro, advowson, statistics, incumbent, impropriation, Geology by Dr. Boase 38 Talland town, iv. 36 Tallard, Marshall, ii. 307 bis Tallat, Captain, iii. 187 Talmeneth, by Leland, iv. 264 Tamalanc, i. 2 Tamar river, i. 107, 113, 133 bis, 266, 310――ii. 362, 364, 413, 418 bis, 432――iii. 1, 40, 45, 104, 114, 121, 166, 254 bis, 298, 301, 456, 457, 461――iv. 6, 7, 15, 39 bis, 40 ter., 70, 152, 185.――Romantic, iii. 42. Its banks 460.――The country adjacent to, may be proud of Mr. Call, iv. 9 Tamara, the Roman, iv. 40 ―――― by Leland, iv. 291 Tamarix Gallica, iv. 180 Tamarton, i. 107 ―――― chapel, Devon, iv. 39 ―――― hundred, Devon, iv. 39 ―――― parish, iv. 131, 152 bis TAMARTON parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, Tamar river, mentioned by Ptolemy, ancient name of the parish, church recent, land tax, manor, iv. 39. Line of a Saxon poet on Athelstan’s victory 40. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, value of benefice, a rectory, incumbent, patron ibid. Manor 41. By Editor, Lysons on the descents of property, manor of Hornacott, Ogbere, Vacye, villages of Alvacot, Headon, and Venton, statistics, ib. Incumbent, and Geology by Dr. Boase 42 Tamarton parish, Devon, iv. 39 ―――― north, manor, iv. 41 Tamerton, i. 241――ii. 430 Tamerworth harbour, iii. 104, 105 Tamesworth haven, i. 32 Tanis, parish of, ii. 208 Tanner, i. 146, 153 ter., 159.――Bishop 200――ii. 201, 246――iii. 233, 448, 449――iv. 104, 112.――His Notitia Monastica, i. 134, 146, 250, 251, 300――ii. 209――iv. 102, 104. App. 10. 319 to 336.――John, iii. 202, 372, 450. Love story of 449. Rev. Mr. 199. Rev. Mr. of St. Stephen’s in Branel 448. Family 198 ―――― of Carvinike, Anthony, i. 386 ―――― of Court and Boderick, i. 387 ―――― of Cullumpton, George, ii. 110 Taperell, John, iii. 16 Tapestry at Trewinard, i. 358 Tarr, Rev. Mr. ii. 251 Tarsus, iii. 284 Tassagard, iv. 146 Tathius, St. notice of, ii. 44 Taunton, ii. 27, 76, 190, 191.――Insurgents march to, i. 86 ―――― Richard of Truro, lent Hals’s MS. to the Editor, the son of W. E. iii. 18. Richard 407. Family 18 Tavistock, i. 158, 159 ―――― Abbey, in Devon, ii. 274――iii. 372, 384, 385, 459, 460――iv. 6, 64, 169, 171.――Abbot of, ii. 365――iii. 459 bis.――Livignus, ii. 60. Osbert 426 ―――― market, i. 79 ―――― river, source of, iv. 237 Tawlaght, iv. 146 Taxatio Benefic. of Pope Nicholas, iii. 5, 24, 40, 112, 277, 291, 306 bis, 334, 336, 339, 345, 352, 372, 374, 384, 396, 437, 442, 443, 457 bis――iv. 15, 23, 40, 44, 62, 66, 76, 95, 112, 118, 129, 140, 153, 162 ―――― Eccles. ii. 394 bis――iv. 159 Taxation of Pope Nicholas, iv. 46.――To the Pope’s Annats, ii. 116 Taylder of St. Mabe, Joan, and Thomas her father, iii. 76 Taylor, i. 32 Teague, Mr. i. 254 Teath, St. parish, i. 375, 382――ii. 401, or Tethe, iv. 95 bis, 99, 137 TEATH, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, saint, his history, iv. 42. Ancient name, value of benefice, land tax, Bodanan, the Cheyney family, their monuments and arms in the church 43. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, saint, a vicarage, value, patron, impropriator 44. By the Editor, Lysons gives the descent of property, Tregordock manor, Drillavale Quarry, Treveares, Captain Bligh of the Bounty 45. Church, age, situation, roads, anecdotes of Mr. Phillips, value of benefice 46. Statistics, vicar, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase, Treburget mine 47 Tedda, i. 2 Tees river, i. 290 Tegleston, i. 1 Tehidy, ii. 241.――Manor, iii. 380 bis, and Honor 384, 388, 389 bis, 390 Temple bar, iii. 142 ―――― Rev. Mr. character of, ii. 104 ―――― manor, iv. 48 ―――― moors, ii. 36――iv. 46, 48 ―――― parish, i. 21, 60, 167――iv. 128, 129 TEMPLE parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, Knights Templars, ancient name, value of benefice, iv. 48. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, value of benefice 49. By Editor, church founded by the Templars ibid. Potatoes cultivated, parish attached to the manor of Treleigh, patronage, incumbent, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 50 Temporibus, John de, iii. 313 Tencreek, account of, i. 254.――A singular tree there, iii. 169 ―――― of Tencreek, i. 254, 347 bis, 396. Arms 255 ―――― of Treworgan, i. 206 Terceira islands, a battle with the Spaniards off, ii. 344 Terence, notes on, iv. 87 Tereza, St. iii. 150 Terrill, Sheriff of Cornwall, ii. 186 Testa, Abbess of Wimborne, iv. 126 Teth, St. i. 322――iv. 66 Teucrium latifolia, iv. 183 ―――― frutescens, iv. 183 Teuthey, by Leland, iv. 279 Teutonic ears, name of Winifred not soft enough for, iv. 127 Tew, St. i. 174 Tewan, i. 11 Tewardevi, iv. 93 Tewington manor, by Hals, i. 41. Antiquity, court leet, etymology 45. By Tonkin, etymology 46. Possessors, and quarry at 47 Tewkesbury abbey, i. 288.――Gloucestershire, iv. 140 ―――― battle of, ii. 260. Sir John Grenville left for dead on the field 345 Teynham, Lord, iii. 140 Thamar river, iv. 233 Thames river, iii. 10, 63, 310. High water in 98 Thanks, i. 37 Thaumaturgus, Gregory, i. 388 Theliaus, St. history of, i. 321 ―――― St. church, i. 321 Theocritus, by Warton, ii. 266 Theodore, iv. 8 Thesdon, a Prince of Cornwall, iii. 342 Thesdon’s castle, iii. 342 Thessalonica, principality of, sale of the city to the Venetians, ii. 366 Thetford, ii. 76 Thica Vosa, an intrenchment, ii. 113 Thick, Reginald de, i. 383 Thomas the Rhymer, ii. 308 Thomas, Henry, i. 277. J. 10. John 19.――Mr. ii. 414.――John and Richard took the name of Pendarves, two brothers took that of Carnsew, another of Roscrow, and another of Caweth, the arms of all, ii. 337.――Andrew, John, his father, and John, iii. 326. John, built a house at Chiverton 333. William changed his name to Carnsew 61. Miss 333. Family 125. Arms 326.――John, iv. 109 bis. John acquired a fortune at Truro 90. Rev. Samuel of Truro 76. Miss 117 ―――― of Glamorganshire, in Wales, Howell and family, iii. 326 ―――― of Tregamena in Verian, iii. 202 ―――― of Treon, i. 136 ―――― St. Apostle and martyr, iv. 50. His day 2 ―――― St. Aquinas, i. 312 ―――― St. à Becket, i. 158, or of Canterbury, ii. 73, 96 bis, 156――iv. 1, 50 ―――― St. church, iii. 458 ―――― St. parish, St. i. 377――ii. 417, 420――iii. 335, 456, 457, 458 bis THOMAS, ST. parish by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, antiquity, value of benefice, iv. 50. By Tonkin, boundaries, shape, river Kensey 51. By Editor, church small, stands on the site of Launceston priory, its remains, well, statistics ibid.――Incumbent, Geology by Dr. Boase 52 Thomas’s, St. street, iv. 51 Thompson, James, i. 58.――John, ii. 192.――Henry and Rev. J. T., iv. 109 Thoms, i. 94 bis.――Mr. family name changed, and arms, iii. 125 Thomy, Robert, iii. 125 Thomye, Robert, iii. 143 Thorlibear manor, ii. 416 Thornbury in Devon, iii. 450 Three Barrows, ii. 317 Thriades, book of the, i. 338 Throckmorton, Clement, i. 16 Throwley, Sir Nicholas, ii. 395 Thunbergia, Coccinea, iv. 183 Thunderbolt at St. Michael’s Mount, ii. 199 Thundering Legion, miracle of, ii. 76 Thunderstorm, ii. 157 Thuraken, a Turkish General, ii. 367 bis Thurigny and Grenville, Robert Fitz Hamon, Lord of, ii. 344, 347 Thurlebear family, iii. 270 Thurlebere, account of, iv. 13 ―――― de, John, family and heiress, iv. 13 Thynne, Henry Frederick, Lord Carteret heir of the Grenville property, and Lord George present possessor of the title and estates, ii. 346 Tiber river, iv. 148 Tiberius, Emperor, i. 197 Tide, high, hours of at various ports, iii. 98. Nine hours and half flowing from Land’s End to London 99. Extraordinary in 1099, 310 Tidiford village, ii. 362. Trade at, limestone burnt at 362 Tidlaton, ii. 427 Ties, Henry de, ii. 130 Tilbury, army at, i. 161 Tillie, Stephen, i. 270, 271 bis, 274.――Sir James, iii. 163, 346. His extraordinary will 163, 166. Other particulars of him, his arms destroyed 166. J. W., 346. Count 166 Tillie, manor, iv. 55 Tilly, James, i. 315. Sir James assumed the arms of Count Tilly, deprived of them 314. Directions for his funeral 315 ―――― of Pentilly, James, iii. 44 Timothy, Epistle to, i. 198, 206 Tin, fetched by the Greeks from Falmouth harbour, ii. 3. Mode of selling in Cornwall 318 ―――― smelting-house at Treloweth, i. 365. Lamb tin preferred abroad 365 ―――― stream, of Luxilian, iii. 58 ―――― works in Stoke Climsland parish, iv. 6 Tincombe, Mr. iv. 4 Tindall’s Bible, i. 314 Tinmouth, John of, iii. 331 Tinners, St. Perran the patron of, iii. 313 Tinney Hall, manor, iii. 38 Tintagel, by Leland, iv. 284 ―――― castle, by Leland, iv. 259 Tintagell castle, i. 381――ii. 308, 402.――Seat of the Dukes of Cornwall, and birth-place of King Arthur, i. 339. See Dundagell ―――― parish, ii. 401――iii. 22――iv. 44, 66.――King Arthur’s castle in, curious rock, iii. 180. See Dundagell TINTAGELL parish. See Dundagell Tinten manor, iv. 97 Tippet or Tebbot of Callestock Veor, John and family, iii. 321 ―――― of St. Wen, family, iii. 321 Tippett, John, iii. 341 Titanium, a metal discovered in Manaccan parish, iii. 113 Titus, Emperor, i. 198 Tiverton, i. 170 ―――― school, iii. 258 Toby, i. 282 Todi in Tuscany, ii. 125 Todscad, i. 212 Tol Peder-Penwith, iii. 35, 36. Scenery, accident at 35 Tolcarne, ii. 48――iii. 232.――Account of, ii. 278 ―――― or minster, an alien priory, iv. 101 Tolgoath, i. 415 Tollays in Redruth and St. Just, iii. 359 Toller, Mr. ii. 43 Tollgus manor, iii. 382, 383. Etymology 382. House 383 Tolskiddy, i. 213 Tolverne manor, ii. 275, 276, bis, 278 bis. Henry 8th said to have passed two nights at 280 Tom, Great, of Oxford, inscription upon, iii. 241 Tombstone at Gunwall, ii. 128 Tomm, i. 78 Toms, Miss, iii. 176 Tonacomb, iii. 255 Tonkin, Mr. i. 296. James 10. Thomas 8, 9, 10. Rev. Uriah 147. Particulars of the family, and monumental inscriptions 12. Arms 9. Arms and motto 13.――Hugh, iii. 325. John, his character and adoption of Sir Humphrey Davy 94.――Thomas the historian of Cornwall, ii. 75, 76, 104, 199, 238, 239, 251, 256, 295, 297, 354 bis, 381, 383, 399, 405, 411.――iii. 17, 20, 32, 38, 57, 62, 63, 66, 90, 120, 135, 177 bis, 192 bis, 205, 214, 223, 228, 231 bis, 238 bis, 243, 245, 261, 274, 302, 313, 314, 318 bis, 320, 322, 323, 325, 328, 366 bis, 386, 405, 406, 434, 451.――iv. 24, 25, 62, 65, 76 bis, 78, 120 ter., 165.――His Parochial history, iii. 96.――His notion of a Danish camp controverted, iv. 78, 80, 81. Does not notice the Scilly Isles 168. His etymology of Elerky 119, 120. Whitaker’s remarks on it 119.――Rev. Uriah, iii. 7, 94. Vicar of Lelant 88. Character of 94. Family 94 ―――― of Newlyn, iii. 429 ―――― of Penwenick, Michael, iii. 315 bis. His arms 315 ―――― of Trelevan, Mr. iii. 193 ―――― of Trenance, near Porthoustock, Mr. ii. 326 ―――― of Trevannance, Thomas, iii. 358 Tonkyn, Miss, ii. 255 ―――― of St. Agnes, i. 234 ―――― of Hendre, John, i. 234 ―――― of Trevownas, i. 396 ―――― of Trewawnance Julian, i. 399. Thomas 399, 400 Tonsen, i. 254 Tooke, John, ii. 195 Tor Point, iii. 121. Road to Leskeard from 439 Torbay, King William’s landing at, ii. 112. English fleet anchored in 247 Torleh, John, iii. 387 Torr, Mr. iii. 321 Tory administration, ii. 245 Tothill, William, ii. 195 Totness in Devon, iii. 102, 103 Tottysdone, ii. 429 Touche family, ii. 415 Touchet, James, Lord Audley, i. 86 Toup, Jonathan, ii. 284. An eminent scholar, his father lecturer of St. Ives, his education, &c. and principal works 265. Death and monument 266.――Rev. Jonathan, iii. 123 bis. Monument to 123 Towan, i. 234――iii. 340, 345 Towednack parish, ii. 260, 271, 358――iii. 5 bis, 7, 13, 46――iv. 164 TOWEDNACK parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, antiquity, iv. 52. Value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriation, land tax, Castle-an-Dunes, Trecragan 53. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, daughter to Lelant, ib. By Editor, saint, soil ibid. Produces much tin, also some whetstone, Editor’s manor, court rolls complete, foundation of the walls of Amellibrea, Cornish tenures 54. Copyholds extinct, record of a manor court, the homage, oath, charge 55. Matters to be presented 56. A petition from the widow of Colonel Humphrey Noye to Charles 2nd, for the title of Sandys of the Vine 57. Unsuccessful, impropriation, feast, statistics 58. Geology by Dr Boase 59 Tower, i. 29 ―――― of London, i. 134――iii. 154, 298, 350――iv. 83.――Sir John Eliot committed to, ii. 66. Perkin Warbeck ditto 190, 191.――Sir Richard Vyvyan conveyed to, iii. 136, 217. His daughter born there 136. The Bishops committed to 296. Mr. Buller sent to 464 Towington, iii. 195 Townsend, Francis, Windsor Herald, ii. 375 “Tractatus de Corde,” &c. iv. 98 Tracy family, iii. 286 Tracye, Thomas de, ii. 119 Tradescantia crassula, iv. 183 Tragedies of Seneca, notes on, iv. 87 Trajan, Emperor, i. 206 Transubstantiation, Cornish doctrine against, i. 109. Berengarius against, Romish doctrine triumphant 110 Travelling a century ago, anecdote of, iv. 91 Travers, Mr. i. 324 Tre Yeo, ii. 416 Treago, account of, i. 248 ―――― of Treago, i. 248. Arms 249 Trearick, Prebend of, i. 383 Trearike, Lord of, i. 382 Trease of Blissland, etymology, i. 61 Treassow, account of, iii. 47. A perturbed spirit banished from 48 Treasurer of England, Lord High, William Scrope, Earl of Wiltshire, iii. 129 Trebant water, iv. 29 Trebarfoot, iii. 352 ―――― of Trebarfoot, family, iii. 352 Trebartha, account of by Editor, ii. 228. Monuments to its possessors 229 Trebatha, account of, ii. 226 Trebeigh manor in St. Ives, iv. 50 Trebell village, ii. 385 Trebennen borough, i. 323 ter. Treberrick in St. Michael Carhays, account of, iii. 202 Trebersey family, iii. 337 Trebigh, i. 410. Account of 411 Trebilliock, two brothers, ii. 255 Trebizond, empire of, ii. 368 Treblithike, iii. 65 Treburget, iv. 47 Trebursus, ii. 428 Treby of Trebigh, Hon. George, Lord Chief Justice, and arms, i. 412 Trecan, iii. 448.――Account of, ii. 397 Trecarrell, iii. 438 ―――― family and arms, iii. 40, 41 ―――― of Trecarrell, Sir H. iii. 44. Built Launceston church 42; and re-built Linkinhorne church 45 ―――― manor, iii. 40, 41. Account of, and monuments to its possessors 43 Trecragen castle, iv. 53 ―――― hall, iv. 53 Trecroben, iii. 7 ―――― hill, iii. 7. Account of 11 Trecroogo village, iii. 337 Tredawl, i. 25 Tredeathy, account of, iii. 66 Tredenham, Sir Joseph, i. 44.――Family, i. 305, 414――iii. 381 ―――― of Lambesso, i. 207 ―――― of Tredenham, i. 417.――In Probus, family and Sir Joseph, ii. 217.――Sir Joseph, family, iii. 361; and their property 362. Arms 361 bis ―――― of Tregonan, i. 418. John 416, 418. Sir John and Mary 418. Sir Joseph, ter. and Sir William 416 ―――― manor, iii. 361 Tredevy, by Leland, iv. 258 Tredidon barton, iii. 459 ―――― of Tredidon, family, iii. 459 Tredine castle, by Leland, iv. 265 Tredinham family, ii. 276 bis, 281. Sir Joseph 170. Governor of St. Mawe’s castle 277. Patron of St. Just 278 Tredinick, i. 116, 117. Etymology 117 ―――― Christopher and his arms, i. 116 ―――― of St. Breock, arms, iv. 95 Tredrea, the Editor’s place in Cornwall, iii. 307――iv. 143.――Account of, i. 360 ―――― of Tredrea, i. 360, 365 Tredreath town, iii. 6, 8 Tree, singular one at Tencreek, iii. 169 Treegoodwill, ii. 405 Treen manor, iv. 166 Trees, subterranean, ii. 207 Trefelens of Trefelens, William, iii. 326 Trefey family, iii. 44 Treffrey in Lanhidrock, account of, ii. 380 ―――― in Linkinhorne, ii. 380 ―――― of Fowey, family, ii. 380 Treffreye, i. 383.――John, defended Fowey against the French, ii. 40. His seat at Plase and history 43. John, Sheriff of Cornwall, Sir John, William and arms, these cut in Fowey church ibid. Treffry family, ii. 36. Thomas fortified his house 46. Mr. Sheriff of Cornwall 186. Mr. 279.――Elizabeth, iii. 71. John 72. Miss 67.――Miss, iv. 24 Trefilis, iii. 402 Trefreke, account of, i. 383 Trefrew village, ii. 405 Trefrize manor, iii. 44 Trefronick, i. 20 Trefry, John, iii. 347 Trefusis, i. 125, 225, 226. James 240. Otho de 348――ii. 32. John, his lines on Captain Rouse 278. Rev. John 231. R. G. W. Lord Clinton 313 bis, 314 bis.――Catherine, iii. 41. Francis 228. Mary 41. Nicholas 40 bis, 41. Otho 318. Robert 224. Miss 60. Mr. 230. Lord Clinton ibid. Family 40, 107, 117, 230, 254, 390. Arms 318.――Family, iv. 62 ―――― of Landew, family, ii. 399 ―――― of Trefusis, i. 65, 240. George William 151.――Richard, ii. 304.――Bridget, Francis, iii. 62. Robert 327, 282. Samuel 227. Mr. 382. Family and arms 227 ―――― manor, iii. 382. Account of 226. House 227. Situation 231 Trefyns, account of, ii. 130, 131 Tregaga or Tresaga family, iii. 209 ―――― house in Ruan Lanyhorne, iii. 209 Tregagle, Mr. ii. 332 bis, 335 ―――― of Trevorder in St. Breock, tale of one, family, and arms, iii. 265 Tregago or Trejago, account of, iii. 403 ―――― castle, &c. house, iii. 403 ―――― or Trejago, i. 117.――Jane, John de, and Stephen, iii. 211. Family 208 bis, 214 ―――― of Tregago, family, built the castle, iii. 403 Tregallen village, iii. 337 Tregalravean, account of, ii. 56 Tregameer, i. 140 Tregamynyon, account of, iii. 242 Treganetha, iv. 140 Tregantle, iii. 438 Treganyan of Treganyan, family, iii. 215 ―――― tenement, iii. 209, 215. Etymology 212 Tregaraan, ii. 51 Tregaradue, ii. 50 Tregarden, ii. 109 Tregare, ii. 50, 275 Tregarick of Tregarick, Matilda, Mr. and family, iii. 397 ―――― manor, account of by Hals, iii. 396. By Whitaker 397 Tregarne manor, ii. 320 Tregarrick, iv. 29 Tregarthen family, ii. 114 Tregarthin of Court, in Brand, family, iii. 198 Tregarthyn family, ancient and powerful, Catherine, ii. 109. Jane, Joan, and her epitaph 110. John 109 bis, 110. Margaret 109, 110. Mary ibid. Thomas 109 bis, 110. Arms 110 Tregaseal, i. 141 Tregavethan manor in Kenwin, iii. 192 Tregavethick village, ii. 399 Tregavethnan manor, account of by Hals and by Tonkin, ii. 316 Tregavithick manor, account of, ii. 400 Tregaza, account of, i. 394 Tregea, of St. Agnes, John, iii. 315. William 326. Capt. William 315 ―――― of Lambrigan, William, ii. 353 Tregeagle, i. 18, 19. John 19.――John, ii. 338 ―――― of Trevorden, John, iii. 76 Tregean, Francis, ii. 354 Tregear manor, iii. 2 bis Tregeare, account of, i. 263, 264 ―――― of Tregeare, i. 263, 264. Richard 263. Arms 263, 264. Etymology 264 ―――― manor, ii. 56, 336. Account of 51, 377. Geran’s parish, part of it 54. Purchased by Kempe 57 Tregedick family, ii. 316 Tregelly manor, iii. 170 Tregembo, ii. 217, 218 Tregena, Mr. ii. 255 Tregenhawke, account of, ii. 252 Tregenna, near St. Ives, ii. 215.――Mr. Stephens’s house at, i. 403 bis――ii. 270. Beautiful prospect from a hill near 272.――Rev. John of Roach and Mawgan in Pider, iii. 139, 396 bis, 399. Miss, Mr. and family 406.――Rev. Mr. of Whitstone, iv. 152 ―――― village, ii. 357 Tregenno, account of, i. 421 Tregenyn, i. 408 Tregethes, i. 364 Tregew, account of its possessors, ii. 30 Tregheney Brygge, iv. 255 Tregheny castle, iv. 228 Tregian, account of, i. 420 ―――― family, i. 234, 248.――Francis, ii. 353――iii. 243, 269, 355. His history 357 to 360. List of his lost estates 358. Francis the son 383. His history 360. Persecution 368. Adventure 369. Jane 358. Mr. 357 ter. The unfortunate 549 Mr. 405. Their posterity existing in Spain 361. Arms 357.――Francis, iv. 118. Margaret 72 Tregian of Golden, i. 420 ―――― of Walvedon, Miss, iii. 102, 103 Tregillas, John, i. 10 Tregion, Francis, ii. 305 ―――― or Tregyn in St. Ewe, iii. 358 Treglaston, iii. 350 Tregleah, account of, i. 372 Treglisson family, iii. 343 Treglith, iv. 62 Tregof, ii. 427 Tregoll village, iii. 353 Tregonan, i. 418. Account of 416 Tregone tenement, iii. 223 Tregonell, account of, i. 247 ―――― of Middleton, John, i. 247, 248. Sir John 248 ―――― of Tregonell, i. 247. Arms ibid. Tregoney or Tregony parish, iv. 115, 166 Tregonissy, i. 49 Tregonnan, in St. Ewe, iii. 361 Tregonnebris, occupiers of, iii. 427 Tregonnen village, iii. 334 Tregonning hill, i. 128 bis Tregony borough, account of, i. 295. Arms 296.――Members for, Charles Trevanion, iii. 200. William Trevanion 205 ―――― branch of Fale river, iii. 405 ―――― bridge, i. 245, 299――iii. 207 ―――― castle, i. 296, 299――ii. 2 ―――― church, i. 74 ―――― manor, i. 296 ―――― parish, i. 242 ―――― priory, i. 299, 300 ―――― town, ii. 17, 180――iii. 404, 451. German school at 67 ―――― by Leland, iv. 272, 289 ―――― Medan, i. 294 bis, 297 ―――― Pomeroy, i. 297 bis Tregoos chapel, i. 218 Tregordock manor, iv. 44 Tregorick, i. 49 Tregors, Andrew de, iii. 372 Tregose, ii. 320.――Miss, iii. 421――iv. 24 Tregoss moor, i. 230.――Moors, iv. 26 Tregothick, i. 125 Tregothnan, i. 140――ii. 33, 308 bis――iv. 167 ―――― of Tregothnan, Johanna. John, and family, iii. 212 Tregothnan manor, iii. 208, 209, 464. And tenement 209, 215. Gates and houses of 209. New house at 212. Account of ibid. Description 221. Carried to the Boscawens 213 Tregou village, ii. 399 Tregoweth of Crantock, Margaret, iii. 177 Tregoze, i. 39――ii. 130――Arms, i. 39 Tregtheney-Pomerey castle, iv. 228 Tregullan village, ii. 385 Tregumbo, account of, ii. 170 Tregurtha, ii. 218. Abounds in mines 219 Tregury, now Tregotha, iv. 143 bis ―――― Michael de, Archbishop of Dublin, iv. 138, 141, 143, 145. Governor of Caen University 138, 144, 145 bis. His life 144. Ware’s mention of him 145. Buried at St. Patrick’s, Dublin 138. Tomb 141. Epitaph 138. Death 146. Will 147. Works 148. Family, last heir male and three coheirs 143 Tregwerys, or Trewerys in Probus, iii. 360 Tregyon family, iii. 404 Trehane barton, iii. 354, 355, 366, 367, bis.――Account of, i. 397 ―――― of Trehane family, iii. 354. Arms 355 Trehanick in St. Teath, iii. 212 Trehavarike, account of, ii. 335 ―――― of Trehavarike family, ii. 335 Trehawke family, ii. 399.――Mr. a miser, iii. 19. Family and monuments to 20 ―――― of Leskeard, Mrs. iv. 97 ―――― of Trehawke, arms, iii. 169 ―――― iii. 168, or Trehavock, account of 169 Trehunest village, iii. 372 Trehunsey manor, iii. 372 Treiagu, John de, iv. 96 Treice, Mr. ii. 87 Treise, Sir Christopher, i. 321.――Family and heir, iv. 60 Treiwall, ii. 208 Trejago castle, ii. 2 ―――― creek, ii. 2 ―――― Jene, John de, and Stephen, iii. 211. Family 214 Trekininge, account of, i. 219, 223 ―――― Vean, account of, i. 225 Trekynin, Jenkyn, iii. 318 Trelagoe village and manor, i. 3 Treland Vean, account of, ii. 320 ―――― Vear, account of, ii. 320 Trelask manor, iii. 37, 38 bis Trelauder of Hengar, family and heir, iv. 94 Trelaun by Leland, iv. 280 Trelawder of Hengar, or St. Mabyn family, gentlemen of blood and arms, their marriages and heir, arms the same as Tredinick’s, iv. 95 Trelawn, iii. 293. History of by Bond, and house built at 295. Masses performed at 301 ―――― mill, iv. 29 ―――― wood, iv. 29 Trelawney in Pelynt, the Hearles settled at, ii. 99 ―――― family, i. 23. Jane 221. John 65. Sir John 221. W. S., 158. Arms 23.――Family, ii. 255, 309. Anna 235. Charles 77 bis. Edward ibid. Rev. Heal 394. Sir John, Sir Beville Grenville’s letter to 349. Sir Jonathan 55, 235 ―――― of Coldrynike, Jonathan and Major John, ii. 67 ―――― of Lamellin, Sir John, ii. 411 ―――― of Poble, Kent, ii. 7 ―――― of Poole, ii. 67. John 411, 412. Sir Jonathan 16――iii. 133. Sir Jonathan 168. Family now of Trelawen 170. Arms 169 ―――― of Trelawne, ii. 67 Trelawny barton in Altarnun, account of, i. 22.――The cradle of the family, iii. 294 ―――― ii. 151, 397. Rev. E., 229. Edward, Dean of Exeter 238 bis. Hele and Mr. 230.――Edward, governor of Jamaica, iii. 295 bis, 300. Rebuilt his house 295. Notice of 299. Monument to and epitaph upon 292. Sir Harry the Roman Catholic Bishop, memoir of 300. Henry 297. Sir John, memoir of, couplet upon, rebuilt his house 295. Sir Jonathan, Bishop of Bristol, Exeter, and Winchester 248, 295 bis, 296. Memoir of, one of the seven Bishops sent to the tower 296. Letitia 297. Rebecca 248, 249, 297. Sir William 219. Governor of Jamaica 300. Sir W. L. S., 301. Family 293. Name 294. Arms 295. Monument 292. Saying relating to the family 295.――Major-General Charles, governor of Plymouth, iv. 94. Sir Jonathan 34, 139. Sir William 37. Rev. Mr. of St. Tudy 93. Arms 96 Trelawny of Coldrinick, John, iv. 94 ―――― of the Lawn, Jane, and Sir John, i. 225 ―――― of Menhynyet, iii. 168 ―――― of Trelawny, i. 65 Treleage manor, etymology of, ii. 319 Trelean, account of, i. 420 Treleare, the Editor’s farm, ii. 308 Trelegar, ii. 54, 57. Account, of 55 Treleigh in Redruth, iii. 359. Manor 383, 384. Account of 383 Trelevan, iii. 125, 191. Manor 192 bis, 194. Occupiers of 192 Trelevant, of St. Agnes, Hector, iii. 243 Trelewick, account of, i. 420 Treligan, i. 27.――Account of, ii. 54 Trelil, ii. 139 Trelisick, i. 418. Account of 350, 359, 417. House 359.――Account of and house built at, ii. 32.――Or Trelizike in St. Earth, iii. 318, 423 Trelisike, account of, i. 348.――Or Trelizik, iii. 125 Trelogas, account of, ii. 300 Trelowarren, account of, iii. 133, 137 Treloweth, i. 365. Smelting house at ibid. Trelowith manor, iii. 355 Trelowthes manor, iii. 355 Treloye chapel, i. 231 Treluddera, Treluddero, or Treludra, iii. 267, 268, 272――iv. 141――Rights of, ii. 271 Treluddro in Newlyn, iii. 319 Treludra Pippen, iii. 268――iv. 141 Trelugan manor, ii. 363 Treluick, account of, i. 417 Trelven, i. 174 Trelynike, account of, i. 379 Tremabe, description of, i. 177 Tremada, account of, i. 319 Tremagenna, ii. 405 Tremain, by Leland, iv. 270 Tremaine church, iv. 60 ―――― Rev. H. H. ii. 99.――William, his garden, iii. 343 ―――― parish, iv. 61, 64, 124, 125, 127 TREMAINE, or Tremean parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, endowment, impropriation, land tax, chapel of ease to Egloskerry, iv. 59. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries 59. Name, daughter to Egloskerry 60. By Editor, manor of Tremaine, church, its name, patron, impropriation, saint, his feast, statistics 60. Geology by Dr. Boase 61 Tremanheer of Penzance, i. 162 Tremarastall, ii. 169, 170 Trematon, i. 199, 203――ii. 70.――iv. 81. By Leland 291 ―――― castle, i. 296, 297――ii. 42 ―――― manor, i. 296, 297――iii. 462 bis. History of 462 Tremayne in Mabe, account of, iii. 60 ―――― in St. Colomb, Major, iii. 61 ―――― in St. Martyn’s, iii. 61, 63. Account of 124, 126 ―――― Rev. Charles, i. 398. Rev. H. H., 423, 424. His character 423. John 422. John, H., 423, 424. His character 423. Lewis 420, 423. Mr. 417. Serjeant 424.――Mr. ii. 134.――Arthur, Degory, Edmund, Edmund, iii. 61. John, John, John 60. J. H., 230. Rev. Nicholas, Peres de, Peros, Richard 60. Richard Roger 61. Thomas, Thomas, Thomas 60. Rev. Dr. of Menheniet 171. Miss 102. Mr. 192, 194. Family 60, 197. Estates increased 60 ―――― of Collacomb, i. 416 ―――― of Croan, H. H. and J. H. i., 377 ―――― of St. Ewe, Sampson, senior, i. 419.――Or of Heligan or Halligan, in St. Ewe, J. H., iii. 240. Lewis 191, 196. Mr. 193 bis. Family 61, 63, 126, 240.――Of Halliggon, Sir John, Col. Lewis, Rev. W. and Mr. i. 416. Of Heligan, Rev. H. H., 260, 359. John 260, 419 bis. Sir John and Col. Lewis 419 ―――― of St. Ive, i. 45 ―――― of Sydenham, i. 201――iii. 126 ―――― of Tremayne family, and Miss, iii. 126 ―――― manor, iv. 60 ―――― parish in East hundred, iii. 61 ―――― vicarage, i. 378 Trembath in Madern, iii. 33, 56 Trembetha, account of, iii. 7 Trembleth, account of, i. 405 bis ―――― chapel, i. 405 ―――― heir of, iii. 140 ―――― of Trembleth, arms, iii. 405. Burying place ibid. Tremblethick, i. 405 Trembraze in Leskeard, iii. 209 ―――― Rev. Mr. of St. Michael Penkivell, iii. 209 Tremeal, iii. 337 bis. House rebuilt 338 Tremearne, Rev. John, iii. 287 Tremeen, iv. 97 Tremenheere, Captain H. P. character of, iii. 88. John, endowed a chapel at Penzance 93. Mr. 82. Family 94. Have adorned the new church at Penzance 93 Tremere, account of, ii. 384 ―――― of Tremere family, ii. 384. Alice, John, and arms 385 Tremertoun, by Leland, iv. 281 Tremiloret, iii. 59 Tremle, William, iii. 115 Tremoderet en Hell, iii. 393 Tremogh family, iii. 62 ―――― etymology, iii. 62. Road near 63 Tremolesworth, i. 370 Tremolla in Northill Linkinborne and Liskeard, iii. 359 Tremoore village, ii. 385 Tremough, account of, iii. 60, 62 Tremper bridge, i. 235 Tremporth river, i. 249. Account of its haven and bridge ibid. Tremyton castle, iv. 229 Trenake, iv. 23 Trenalt, i. 159 Trenance, i. 41 bis, or Trenants, iv. 160. Account of 161 bis ―――― Lyttleton, ii. 383.――Littleton, iv. 161.――Family, ii. 383――iv. 161 ―――― of Black Haye, John and three daughters, and arms, iv. 161 Trenant, i. 320. Account of 321. Sold 320 Trenaran, account of, i. 44 Trenarran, i. 49 Trenawick, i. 54 Trenchard of Collacomb, Isabel, iii. 60 Trenchicot, ii. 427 Trencreek, i. 207. Account of 256 ―――― Miss, iii. 75 ―――― of Trencreek, Robert, i. 293. Arms 256 Trenear, possessors, iii. 88 Trenegles, i. 197 Treneglos church, iv. 62 ―――― parish, iv. 59, 64 bis, 124, 125 bis, 127 TRENEGLOS parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, Warbstow consolidated with it, iv. 61. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, etymology, ib. Impropriation, value of benefice, incumbent 62. By Editor, Tonkin’s etymology right, manor of Downeckney by Lysons, impropriation, patronage, statistics ibid. Incumbent, Geology by Dr. Boase 63 Trenere, cellar at, ii. 138 Trenethick, ii. 139 Trenewan village, ii. 399 Trenewith, by Leland, iv. 264 Trengone, took the name of Nance, ii. 337 Trengove, account of, iv. 128 ―――― family, iii. 382――iv. 128, 129. Or nanc, John 129, 130. Arms 129 ―――― of Trengove in Warlegan, family, ii. 238 Trengreen, i. 54 Trengwainton, iii. 289. Possessors 85 Trenhayle, account of, i. 347 ―――― George and Loveday, i. 357 ―――― of Trenhayle, i. 347 Trenheale, Rev. Reginald of Newlin, iii. 267 Trenhorne village, iii. 38 Trenithick or Trenithicke, account of, ii. 136, 137 Trenorren, etymology by Tonkin, i. 47 Trenouth, i. 221 ―――― family, iii. 208 ―――― of Fentongollan, Johanna and Ralph, iii. 397 Trenoweth, i. 213 ―――― of Bodrigan, Sir Henry, iii. 102 ―――― of St. Colomb, Major, Miss, iii. 147. Family buried in St. Colomb church ibid. ―――― of Trenoweth, Catherine, iii. 211. John, John 211, 214. Margaret 211 bis. Maud 211. Philippa 211, 214. Family 213, 214 ―――― lands, iii. 147 Trenowith, i. 117.――Arms, the family changed their name to Bodrigan, ii. 107.――Family, iv. 71 ―――― manor, i. 406. See Trewithgy Trenowth, arms, iv. 72 Trenwith, account of, ii. 259, 261 ―――― of Trenwith, i. 125――ii. 259, 260. Thomas and arms 259 ―――― manor, iv. 52, 164 Treonike, i. 18 Trequanors, ii. 203, 211 Treranell, account of, i. 405 Treravall, i. 406 Trereardrene, i. 12 Trereen, Dinas, iii. 30, 34.――Described, iv. 165 bis.――Walk to church from, iii. 32 Trereife, iii. 85 Trerice manor, i. 20, 395――iii. 270. Sir John Arundell removed to 274.――Cause of his removal, ii. 184 Treridern, i. 321 Treroach, Trecarrek or Tregarreck, iii. 391. Possessors 393 Treruff manor, iii. 382 Trerule fool, ii. 79 Tresaddarne, i. 219 Tresahar, i. 161.――Mr. ii. 11 Tresassen, iv. 29 Tresaster, i. 221 Tresavren barton, iv. 4 Tresawsen or Tresawsan, iii. 322. Account of 182 Trescaw in Breage, ii. 217 Trescobays, i. 136.――In Budock, iii. 248 Trescow island, iv. 171, 172, 174. Extent of 175 Tresilian, i. 10, 148――iii. 274 ―――― or Tresillian bridge, i. 387――ii. 2, 17――iii. 207――iv. 76 ―――― Sir Robert, Chief Justice, ii. 294.――Killed, iv. 16 ―――― of Bodilly, Thomas, ii. 137 ―――― of Roughtra, family, ii. 137 ―――― of Tresilian, Robert, Lord Chief Justice, iii. 269 ―――― or Tresulian, iii. 270. Manor 269 ―――― river, iii. 180, 423 Tresimple, account of, i. 205 Tresinny, i. 3 Tresithany chapel, i. 218 Tresithney, Thomas, iii. 181. Heir of 140 Treskeaw, i. 119 Treskewis, Dame, iii. 60 Tresmarrow, possessors of, iii. 337 Tresmere parish, iv. 59, 60, 61 bis TRESMERE parish, by Hals, a vicarage, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, endowment, impropriation, land tax, iv. 63. By Tonkin, situation, ib. Boundaries, etymology, value of benefice, impropriation, curate’s stipend withheld 64. By Editor, belonged to Launceston priory, churches served by monks, allusion to the “Last Minstrel” ibid. Councils ordained that each parish should have a resident priest, provision for them, distinction between vicar and perpetual curate, remark on Tonkin’s statement, impropriator, patron, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 65 Tresmore manor, iv. 129 Tresmorrow, ii. 418 Tresona, i. 160 Tresongar, account of, i. 383 Tresore, iii. 77 Tresparret Downs, ii. 88, 275 Trespearn village, ii. 377 Tress, ii. 151 Tressmare, ii. 430 Tresuggan, account of, i. 225 Tresuran, i. 213 Treswithan, i. 162, 163 Trethac, i. 174 Trethake, Matthew de, iii. 134 Trethay, iii. 402 Tretheage barton, iv. 2, 3. Described 4 ―――― manor, iv. 2. Description and history of 3 Trethergye, i. 49 Tretheris, ruins of an ancient chapel at, i. 18 Tretheves manor, account of, ii. 358 Trethevye, Cromlech at, i. 193. Description of 194 Trethewoll, account of, i. 408 Trethewy village, iii. 337 Trethil, iii. 440 Trethinick, Ralph de, i. 246 Trethurfe manor, account of, ii. 353, 354 ―――― of Trethurfe family, and John, ii. 353. Reginald 354. Arms 353 Trethym, i. 2, 25 Trethyn castle, iv. 228 Trethyrfe, Jane and Thomas, ii. 100 ―――― of Trethyrfe, John, i. 65 Treu-es-coit manor, iii. 64 Treuren, by Leland, iv. 289 Treuris, ii. 427 bis Trevadlack village, iii. 38 Trevailer, account of, ii. 124 Trevalaboth, ii. 203, 211 Trevales, iv. 4 Trevalga, i. 322――ii. 28, 235 ―――― or Trevalgar parish, iii. 22, 232 TREVALGA parish, by Hals, a rectory, situation, boundaries, antiquity, value of benefice, a rectory, patrons, iv. 66. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, a rectory, and its value ibid. Manor of Trevalga 67. By Editor, description of the parish church, near the cliff, named from the manor, patrons, rector, statistics ibid. Geology by Dr. Boase 68 Trevallock, i. 140 Trevance, account of, ii. 255 Trevanion, possessors of, iii. 199. House described 201, 202 ―――― i. 43, 113. Joan and Sir William 65.――John, M.P. for Cornwall, and rhyme on his election, ii. 351. Richard 110 ter. Mr. 118. Sir H. Bodrigan’s defence against him, shares Bodrigan’s property 115. Newnham manor given to him 318. Mr. 414. Sir Nicholas 56. Of St. German’s 162. Mr. 230. Nicholas, Richard, and Richard, iv. 116 ―――― of Carhayes, i. 298.――John, ii. 304.――Charles, iv. 156. Mr. 45.――Or Trevenion, John, iii. 141, 226. William ibid. Family 355 ―――― of Crego, Charles, i. 297. Attempts to make the Val navigable 298 ―――― of Crogith, i. 299 ―――― of Tregarthyn, i. 397.――Charles, ii. 414 ―――― of Trelegon, Anne and Hugh, i. 302.――Or Treligan, Hugh, iii. 191 ―――― of Trevanion and Carhayes, Amey, Charles, iii. 199. Charles 200 bis, 202. Sir Charles 199, 200, 201. Hugh, Hugh, Hugh 199. Sir Hugh, his sword 206. John 141. John 199. John 200. John and John improved Trevanion 201. John, a letter from 204. Colonel John 200, 201. Colonel John, his death 204. J. T. P. B., 205 bis. Richard 201. William 199, 201, 205 bis. Sir William, Sir William 199. Mr. and Rev. Mr. 200. Family 199, 203. Sided with Henry 7th 204. Arms 200. Monuments 206 ―――― of Trevorter, ii. 304. Alice ibid. John 304 bis. John and Mary ibid. ―――― of Trevoster, Alice and John, iii. 213 Trevannance barton, i. 8. Etymology 8 and 9. Possessors 9. House taken down 10 ―――― harbour, i. 11 Trevannion family, ii. 395 ―――― of Caryhaes, i. 43.――Of Caryhays, ii. 54, 55, 110. Charles 111 ter. ―――― of Trelegar, ii. 54, 57 ―――― of Treligan, ii. 54. Hugh 51, 54, 55 ter. His lawsuit 51 Trevanthions family, ii. 128 Trevarnoe, occupiers of, iii. 446 Trevartea, Onesa, iii. 60 Trevarthen, account of, ii. 218 Trevarthian, Miss and Mr. iii. 423 Trevascus, account of, i. 114 Trevasens, account of, i. 113 Trevassack, iii. 342 Treveale family, iii. 442 Treveally, John, i. 119 Trevear, account of, iii. 429 Treveares, iv. 45 Trevedarne in Buryan, iii. 134 Treveeg, account of, ii. 86 Trevega, iv. 157 Treveleck, account of, i. 254 Trevelga parish, iv. 42 Trevelisick Wartha, i. 417 ―――― Wollas, i. 417 Trevella, William de, iii. 442 bis Trevellance or Trefelens, ii. 326, 327. Account of 326 Trevellans, alias Nicholas, alias Williams, John and Nicholas, iii. 318 Trevelles, i. 8――iii. 326. In St. Agnes 327 Trevellick, account of, i. 257 Trevellva, account of, iii. 237 Trevelver, iii. 240 Trevelyan, iv. 114 ―――― family, iii. 117, 126, 215, 309 bis. Wonderful tale of their ancestor 309, 310. Heiress 215.――Lord Chief Justice, iv. 114, and family 114 ter. ―――― of Nettlecombe, Somersetshire, Sir John, iii. 307, 311. Family 307, 238 Trevemper bridge, iii. 275 Trevena barton, iv. 20 Treveneage 170, 217 bis. Account of 170. Abounds in mines 219 Trevener, Rev. John, i. 260 Treveniel, ii. 229 Trevenin tenement, iii. 223 Trevenion barton, ii. 114 Trevenna, i. 340 Trevennen, account of, ii. 113 Trevenner, Mr. ii. 414 Trevenny parish, iv. 120 Trevenor family, ii. 357 Trevenson, ii. 241 bis Treveor, account of by Tonkin, ii. 113. By the Editor 114 Treveor of Treveor, Sir Henry, ii. 113 Treverbyn manor, i. 42. Etymology ibid. ―――― of Treverbyn, i. 41, 42. Hugh and Katherine 43. Walter 43, 44. Sir Walter 44 ―――― burying place, i. 42 Treveres, account of, ii. 279 Trevernon, iii. 239 Trevery, ii. 126――iii. 127 Treveryan, iv. 109 Trevethen of Porthcothen, iii. 177 Trevethey stone, i. 194. Etymology 195 Trevethow, iii. 9. Account of 11 Trevia, ii. 405 Treviderow manor, iii. 250 Trevidror, i. 148 Trevilan farm, chapel at, iii. 335 Treviles or Trefilies, iv. 117 Trevilian bridge, iii. 189 ―――― Mr. of Devon, ii. 251. Chief Justice 153――iv. 36.――Family, iii. 216 ―――― manor, iv. 124 ―――― river, i. 202 Trevilion, Mr. ii. 261, 269 Trevill of Plymouth, i. 348 Treville family, ii. 252, 397. Richard 252. William de 156 Trevillian, i. 36――iii. 125. Sir John 306. Mr. 116, 124, 128. Mrs. 421 ―――― of Basill, i. 198, 199, 200. Sir John, anecdote of 200. Peter 198, 199. Arms 198 ―――― of Nettlecomb, John, i. 198 bis, 200 ―――― of Somersetshire family, iv. 39 Trevillis village, iii. 348 Trevilload, i. 348 Trevillon, account of, i. 400 Trevingy, Reginald, iii. 387 Trevisa, Charles, iii. 163. John translated the Bible and other books 163 ―――― John, his King Arthur, i. 337 ―――― of Crockaddon, James, i. 313. John, translator of the Bible, and arms 314 ――――’s and Tindall’s translation of the Bible, i. 121 Trevisick, i. 11, 418 Trevithick, account of, i. 223, 234, 416 ―――― Richard improver of steam engine, i. 164 Trevocar Winoe, iv. 155 Trevor, Captain Tudor, R.N. ii. 32――iii. 186. Judge 144 Trevorder, account of, i. 117 ―――― Bickin, i. 117 Trevorick, ii. 255 Trevorike, account of, ii. 255 Trevorter, account of, ii. 304 Trevorva, etymology, &c., iii. 355 ―――― of Trevorva, family and heir, iii. 356 Trevosa barton, account of, iii. 175 ―――― head in St. Merryn, iii. 241, 282. Interesting 180. Latitude and longitude 281 ―――― manor, iii. 75, 175. Possessors of 178 Trevygham, iii. 22 Trevyrick, iii. 269 Trewalda, ii. 145 Trewan, i. 227 Trewane, account of, ii. 338 Trewaras head, i. 129 Trewardevi, i. 236. Account of 237 Trewardreath, ii. 391 Trewardreth, by Leland, iv. 289 Trewardreva, in Constantine, iii. 427 Trewardruth priory, i. 307 Trewedeneck, by Leland, iv. 272 Treweeke barton, iv. 4, 136 ―――― Rev. George, ii. 250.――Of Illogan and St. Minver, iii. 239, 241. Rev. Mr. 396. Of Roach 391, 399 Treween, i. 25 Treweere, account of, i. 391 Trewen manor, account of, ii. 397 TREWEN parish, by Hals, a vicarage, situation, boundaries, etymology, impropriation, land tax, fair, Polyvant, iv. 68. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, name by Whitaker 69. By Editor, belonged to St. German’s priory, an appendix to South Petherwin, impropriation, and patronage, statistics ibid. Geology by Dr. Boase 70 Trewenethick in St. Agnes, Bartholomew, and Joan de, iii. 315 Trewenn, i. 21. Account of 320 ―――― parish, i. 377――iii. 335, 457 Trewenter, ii. 427 Trewer manor, account of, ii. 397 Trewergy, i. 318. Account of 321 Trewerne, Rev. Mr. of Withiel, iv. 161 Trewhele, account of, i. 391 Trewheler, i. 387 Trewhella, Christopher and John, iv. 55 Trewhelow, James, iv. 55 Trewhythenick, account of, i. 207 ―――― copper mill, i. 364 bis ―――― arms, i. 207 Trewin, William, ii. 160 Trewinard, i. 125, 344, 360. Account of 344, 349, 356. Etymology 350――iii. 112.――House improved by Mr. C. Hawkins, i. 358.――In St. Earth, iii. 367 ―――― by Leland, iv. 267 ―――― chapel, i. 345 ―――― i. 118, 136 bis, 301. Joseph 137. Arms 136.――Rev. Mr. ii. 80, 127.――Rev. James of St. Martin’s in Meneage, iii. 124, 126, 128. Rev. Mr. of Mawnan 75 ―――― of Trewinard, i. 344, 350, 351. Deiphobus, killed a man, obtained the royal pardon by conveying all his estates to Sir Reginald Mohun 345. Was tried and convicted 346. Lived on small stipend from Sir Reginald ibid. Tradition of the murder 356. A descendant of Trewinard living lately in the Strand ibid. Rev. James, and Sir James 350. John M.P. arrested for debt 344, 356. Martin 345, 350. William 350. Arms 346 Trewince, ii. 5, 54. Account of 57, or Trefynns 133 Trewiney, iii. 194 Trewinn parish, iv. 50, 51 Trewinneck, iv. 96 Trewinnow, i. 257 Trewinnock, i. 404 Trewint, i. 25.――In Lesnewith, iii. 132. Account of 170 Trewish, i. 196 Trewithan, iii. 356――iv. 139. Account of 367 Trewithenike, account of, i. 243 bis. House improved 245 Trewithgy, Trenoweth, or Treworgy, in Probus, iii. 355, 358, 365 Trewithian, ii. 55 bis. Account of 54. Its possessors 58 Trewolla family, built a pier at Mevagissey, iii. 192.――John, ii. 111 ter. Family and arms 110 ―――― or Trewoolla of Trewoolla, or Trewolla in St. Goran, iii. 191, 192 bis Trewollea, ii. 230 Trewoofe manor, i. 142 ―――― of Trewoofe, i. 142, and arms 142 Trewoola account of, ii. 110 Trewoolla, arms of, i. 206 Trewoon in Budock, iii. 61 Trewoone manor, account of, iii. 196, 197 Treworder, i. 367 Treworell, ii. 430 Treworgan, i. 207. Account of 396, 403 ―――― Vean, account of, i. 396 Treworgy, ii. 87. See Trewithgy ―――― parish, ii. 391 Treworgye, i. 316. Described 177 Trework, George of Penzance, ii. 218 Treworock, i. 418. Described 177 Treworrell village, iii. 22 Trewortha Vean, occupants of, iii. 188 Treworthen, John, i. 241 ―――― of Treworthen, Sir John, Sir Otho, and Walter, family and arms, iii. 269 ―――― manor, iii. 269 Treworthgy, ii. 429 Treworthy, account of, iii. 383 Treworveneth, iii. 288 Trewother, iii. 355 Trewothike, account of, i. 39 Trewred manor, iv. 70 Trewren, i. 260. Arms 237.――Rev. Richard of Withiel, iv. 162, 163 bis. His wife and two daughters 163 ―――― of Drift, Mr. and family, iii. 427 ―――― of Tredreva in Constantine, iv. 163 ―――― of Trewardreva, i. 237, 241――iv. 3.――Catherine, i. 376. John 237. Rev. Richard 376 Trewret barton, iv. 70 Trigantan, i. 258 Trigg, Rev. Mr. of Warliggon, iv. 128 ―――― hundred, i. 129, 153――ii. 151, 332, 394――iii. 64, 237――iv. 42, 44, 48, 49, 93, 95 ―――― Major hundred, or Trigmajorshire, i. 60, 377――ii. 86, 232, 273, 274, 402――iv. 12 bis, 15, 50, 101, 131.――Divided into Strathan and Lesnewith, iii. 22 Trigminorshire, i. 367, 382――ii. 49, 274 bis, 402 ter.――iv. 66, 93.――Why so called, i. 60 Trigonometrical survey, i. 149――ii. 359――iii. 98, 281, 432――iv. 31 Trinity in Lanlivery, ii. 393 ―――― Chantry in St. Colomb Major, i. 214 ―――― chapel at Restormel, i. 338 ―――― college, Cambridge, iii. 95, 188 ―――― college, Dublin, library of, iv. 147 ―――― college, Oxford, iii. 86, 258 ―――― house, iii. 378.――Corporation, character of, ii. 359 Trink, iii. 7 Trion, St. i. 341 Tripcony, i. 136.――John, ii. 119 bis, 120. Mr. 110, 414. Arms 124 Trist, Miss, i. 401.――Rev. Jeremiah, iv. 122. Rev. S. P. J., 122, 123 ter. Triste, i. 164 Tristram, Sir, ii. 308 Trivalis castle, King Richard confined at, ii. 178 Troad, Thomas, iii. 256, 350 Trojan war, i. 342 Trout, disquisition on the relative merits of, iii. 442 Trove, i. 142 Trowall or Truth well, ii. 219 Trowbridge, of Trowbridge in Devon, Catherine and John, ii. 339 Trowell farm, ii. 83――iii. 47 Trowis, German, i. 192 Trowse, i. 348 Troy, iii. 418, 420.――Chronicles, and wars of, abridged, iv. 141 Troyes, Lupus Bishop of, ii. 64 Truan, account of, i. 221 Trubody, ii. 36.――Charles, i. 44 ―――― of Treworock, i. 177, 178 Trungle, iii. 288 Trewrew castle, iv. 228 Truro, Baron, ii. 380 ―――― borough, corporation of, ii. 81. M.P. for, Colonel John Lemon ibid.――John Lemon, iii. 229――iv. 33.――Kelland Courtenay, ii. 385.――Henry Vincent, iii. 191 ―――― bridge, iii. 207 ―――― church, Mr. Lemon buried at, ii. 85 ―――― manor, ii. 31 ―――― and Tregrewe manor, in Themwyn and Truro, iii. 359 ―――― parish, ii. 298, 301, 302, 315 TRURO parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, sea flows to the walls, two manors at the conquest, iv. 70. Value of benefice, incorporation, patron, incumbent, land tax, arms of King John in the church windows, also the Prince of Wales’s plume 71. Manor and royalty attached to the rectory, erection of the church, no tower or steeple, benefice chiefly consists of voluntary subscriptions 72. Question of its expediency, monument to John Robartes, and to three brothers, Dominican chapel, nunnery of Clares called Anhell, town a coinage town, charter of Elizabeth 73. Constitution and arms of the borough, form of writ, birthplace of Lord Robarts, fairs and cheap markets, Custom House, chief inhabitants, wealth, and fine buildings, Captain Upcott 74. By Tonkin and Whitaker, situation and boundaries, Tonkin’s etymology from Camden, rejected by Whitaker, a rectory, value, patron 75. Incumbent, site of the town, from Leland, two brooks, the three streets and three churches, coinage, the town a borough, the castle, small creek, Tonkin’s commentary on this description, and Whitaker’s on his 76. View from the castle, no remains of it, incorporation, seal, principal burgesses, mayor is also mayor of Falmouth 77. By Whitaker, town named from the castle, which belonged to the Earls of Cornwall, nothing but the mount or keep remaining, gave origin to the town 78. Seated on the westerly current, etymology, supposed rise and progress of the town 79. New way to Kenwin church, new bridge, anticipated act of parliament for improvements, church first dedicated to St. Pancras, now to St. Mary 80. Architecture of the church, castle later than the conquest, built by one of the Norman Earls, town in possession of Richard de Lacy a century after the conquest 81. Privileged as a borough, charter lost, but confirmed by Reginald Fitzroy Earl of Cornwall 82. The seal, the charter 83. Confirmed by Henry II. the mayor still mayor also of Falmouth, town has superiority over Falmouth harbour 84. By Editor, Truro allowed to be the first town in Cornwall, leads in all county concerns, the school and its masters, Dr. Jane, Dean of Gloucester 85. Epigram upon, Truro has produced Mr. Polwhele and Sir Hussey Vivian, and in the 16th century the learned Farnaby 86. His death, and works, Boyle’s character of him 87. Several families have made large fortunes there, the Robarteses Earls of Radnor, the Vincents 88. Mr. Gregor, Mr. Lemon, Mr. Coster, Mr. Daniel, Mr. Vivian, Mr. Hussey 89. Mr. Thomas, Samuel Foote, tragedy in his mother’s family of which he published a narrative, the two Landers, a monument to one 90. Mr. Charles Warrick invented and used the paddle wheel for boats, modern changes, specimen 91. Statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 92 Truro river, i. 202――ii. 33 ―――― new road, iii. A 89.――Road from Redruth, ii. 304 ―――― school, ii. 355 ―――― town, i. 58 bis, 77, 84, 177――ii. 2, 17, 34, 84, 304, 318, 354, 379, 381, 388――iii. 16, 18, 38, 189, 196, 324 bis, 367――iv. 30, 167. A coinage town, ii. 301. Ferry to 212. Passage from Falmouth to 226. Road to Falmouth from 304.――Road to Helston from, iv. 4.――Ships obliged to go up to, ii. 9. The old part is in Kenwyn parish 317. Assizes removed to 431. People of 85. Road through to Falmouth 104.――A family of, iii. 213 Truru, by Leland, iv. 272 Truthan, account of, i. 396, 403 Truthon, i. 398 bis Try, ii. 124 Trywardreth river, source of, iv. 237 Tubb, Agnes and Charles, ii. 395. Family ibid.――iii. 129 bis Tubby, i. 276 bis, 277 quat. Tuckfield, John, ii. 296 Tudor, Mary, iii. 369. House of 370.――Race of, ii. 381 ―――― times, ii. 114――iii. 8 Tudy, St. i. 129, 131 ―――― St. manor, iv. 97 ―――― St. parish, iv. 44 TUDY, St. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, saint, antiquity, value of benefice, incumbent, land tax, history of St. Udith, reproved for her fine dress, her answer, iv. 93. Hengar, Penvose, Dameliock castle 94. The castle defaced, Billing family 95. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, patron, incumbents ibid. Tinten manor, Tynten family 96. By Editor, splendid monuments in the church, one to Mr. A. Nicoll, St. Editha, died early at Wilton, was very self-denying, Canute’s opinion of her ibid. The opening of her tomb convinced him, patrons of the benefice, present incumbent, soil, face of the land, the manor, and those of Tinten and Kellygreen, Tremeer, Sir William Lower’s works 97. Those of Dr. Lower his brother, description of Hengar and the scenery around, statistics, and Geology by Dr. Boase 98 Tue, St. i. 251, 294 Tunbridge, ii. 295 ―――― castle, ii. 424 Tunnel rock, iii. 36 Turbervill, James, Bishop of Exeter, i. 108, 109 Turks, i. 130, 411 bis――iv. 148.――War with, ii. 371. Subdued Constantinople 365. Conspired with Demetrius Paleolagus 366 Turner, Francis, Bishop of Ely, iii. 299 Turner’s wear, ii. 1, 17 bis Turvey, ii. 292 Tutbury castle, Staffordshire, ii. 89 Twickenham, Pope’s grotto at, iii. 53 Twysden, Judge, ii. 5 Tybesta, i. 253, 256, 258, 297. Described 253 ―――― chapel, i. 253 ―――― manor, iii. 195 Tyburn, ii. 191 Tye family, iii. 90 Tyer family, iii. 84 Tyes, Sir Henry le, Lord T. (or de Tiers), iii. 314 Tyhiddy, ii. 235 bis, 239 ter. Account of by Hals 235. By Tonkin 238, 239. By the Editor 240 Tyhiddy downs, ii. 235 Tyncombe, Mr. ii. 43.――Rev. Mr. iv. 110 Tyndall’s Bible, iii. 163 bis Tyne river, i. 2.90 Tyngmouth river, source of, iv. 237 Tynnyherne, ii. 430 Tyntagell castle, iv. 228 Tynten, John de, ter. and family, iv. 96 Typpet of St. Colomb, Matthew, Richard, and arms, iv. 139 Tywardreath, or Tywardreth monastery, iii. 7――ii. 9 Tywardreth, or Tywardreath parish, i. 52, 167――ii. 36, 44, 88, 89 bis, 92, 390――iii. 55, 56 ―――― by Leland, iv. 275 TYWARDRETH parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, antiquity, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriation, and land tax, the priory alien, iv. 99. History of the saints Sergius and Bacchus, founders of the abbey, dedicated to St. Andrew, his history 100. Alien priories suppressed, this an exception, its revenues at the general dissolution, account of Menabilly 101. Castle Dore 102. By Tonkin, situation, late incumbent, value of benefice, manor, belonged time of Henry IV. to the Champernowns, given by the conqueror to Robert, Earl of Morton, Leland’s description of the town, &c., 102. By the Editor, antiquity of the church and its tower, interior decorations, alteration of churches, the different purposes to which they are now destined, the monastery has disappeared 103. Description from the foundations, which could be discovered by digging 104. Charter, the convent seal, St. Andrew’s relics brought to Abernethy in Scotland, now St. Andrew’s, priory suppressed with other alien houses, but re-established, correspondence between Thomas Cromwell and the last prior 105. Preserved at Wardour, its nature 106. History of the manor, Menabilly, Rashleigh family 107. Mr. Rashleigh’s collection of minerals, and published account of them, with a geological plate, representing a stream-work, destroyed soon after, his grotto and death 108. Polkerris, improvements in, Kilmarth, Treveryan, statistics, vicar, patron 109. Geology by Dr. Boase, mines of Lanescot, and Fowey consols 110 ―――― priory, ii. 45, 113――iii. 56, 232 quat.――iv. 62, 64, 127.――The manor taken from, ii. 46; or abbey, its founder, dedicated to St. Andrew, not suppressed, iv. 101. Communication respecting it in the Gentleman’s Magazine, suppressed, but re-established 105. Extracts from its calendar 106.――Prior of, i. 41, 42, 52, 414――ii. 36, 38, 89――iii. 195――iv. 63 bis, 64; or abbot 99 bis. List of the priors 106.――Curious letter to one, ii. 47 Tywarnhaile manor, i. 12――iii. 316, 327. Account of 313. House 314 ―――― Tier’s manor, iii. 313 bis, 314, 316, 327. Account of 314 Tywarnhayle, ii. 130 Tywednick parish, ii. 257 bis, 258 bis Tywidneck, iv. 164 Tywoodreth river, source of, iv. 237

Udith, or Udye, St. her history, disputation with Bishop Ethelwold about female attire, iv. 93. Her brother Edward the martyr, her death, built St. Denis’s church at Wilton, called the younger, her aunt was another St. Udith 94 Udnow Parva, iii. 306 Udy, i. 61 ―――― St. iv. 42 Udye, St. parish, i. 60――iii. 64, 222 Uffa, Lieutenant of Devonshire, iii. 415 Ugbere, or Ogbere tenement, iv. 41 Ulette, St. i. 341 Ulex nanus, iv. 54 Ulster, king of arms, iv. 144 Umphravill, Mr. ii. 146.――Alicia, and John, her husband, iii. 140. Family, ib. Underhill, Thomas, ii. 192 Union, Scotch, i. 126 United Kingdom, various measures in, iii. 433 ―――― States, iii. 89 Universal history, ii. 368 Unwena, Bishop of Dorchester, iv. 137 Uny, St. iii. 5 bis, 7 ter., 384 bis. Buried at Lelant 7.――Or Unan, name explained, iv. 313 Uny, Lelant parish, iii. 5 Upcott, George and Jonathan, i. 45.――Joseph of Morval, iv. 187. William of Truro, ib. Captain William, memoir of 74 Upton barton overwhelmed in sand, ii. 149 ―――― Nicholas, iii. 437――iv. 71.――His MS. of heraldry, i. 170, 338――ii. 107――iv. 71.――Family, iii. 38 bis, 148――iv. 156 ―――― of Upton and Colombton, iv. 156 ―――― of St. Winow, heir of, iv. 156 ―――― de re Militari, iv. 141 Urban, Mr. iii. 143 Urchuarth, Miss, i. 244 Urlick, Mr. and Mr. iii. 88 Urns, found at Dance-Meyns, i. 141. At Trembleth 405 Urny, St. iii. 461 Uro, R. iv. 79 Ursan of Richardock, i. 330 bis, 331, 332 Ursula, St. story and picture of, i. 195 Ursula’s, St. tomb, i. 195 Ushant, ii. 246 Usher’s, Archbishop, iii. 331, 332.――Brit. Eccles. Antiq. &c. i. 83, 321.――“De Christ. Eccles.” &c. iii. 257.――His account of St. Kebius, ii. 338 Ustick, i. 144, 371, 376 bis. Oliver 145.――Family, iii. 216.――Stephen, iv. 4 ―――― of Bideford, Michael, i. 375 ―――― of Botallock, ii. 285 bis ―――― of Lea, Oliver, i. 376 ―――― of Pendavy, Richard, i. 376 ―――― of Pendevey, Mrs. iv. 163 ―――― of Penzance, Mr. ii. 34 Usticke, Rev. Mr. iii. 77. Miss 85 Uter Pendragon, King, i. 326, 339, 342――iv. 94.――His history, i. 326. Death 332. Arms 326 Uthno manor, iii. 307 bis Uxellodunum, iii. 25 bis.――Mentioned by Cæsar, ii. 237 Uzella, iii. 24 bis, 25, 26 ―――― river, iii. 24

Vabe, La, or St. parish, see Mabe Vacye tenement, iv. 41 Val river, i. 74, 294, 297. Attempts of Mr. Trevanion to make it navigable 298 Valancey bridge, ii. 50 Vale river, i. 242, 253, 256, 258――ii. 1 ter., 17, 24, 298――iii. 402 bis ―――― Royal abbey, Cheshire, iii. 232 Valemouth, ii. 1 Valerian, Emperor, i. 88 Valerianus, Emperor, iii. 434 Valgenow, ii. 1 Valle, abbey de, i. 300 bis Valletort, Valitort, or Valletorta, i. 36. Joan, ib. Reginald de 42. Roger de Lord of Trematon castle 296.――Jane de, ii. 8. Joan de 109. Reginald de 119.――Joan de, iii. 448.――Roger de, iv. 41, 77, 82 Valmune, ii. 1 Valor Beneficiorum, ii. 30, 34, 86, 89, 232, 273――iv. 185 ―――― Ecclesiasticus, ii. 412――iii. 253, 278, 453 ter.――iv. 4, 5, 69 Valuba, supposed to be Falmouth, ii. 20 Valubia, i. 28 Van Tromp defeated by Blake, and his subsequent victory, ii. 25.――His death 27 Vandals, i. 334 Vandower, taken by the English, ii. 177 Vane, Sir Henry, i. 314 Vann family, iv. 121 Vanstort, ii. 153 Varfull, account of, iii. 44 Vasnoom, Rev. Mr. ii. 384 Vatican at Penzance, iii. 89 Vaughan, Rev. Thomas, i. 300.――John, iii. 185. Mr. 166 ―――― of Ottery, John, i. 39. Arms 39 ―――― of Trewothick and Ottery, i. 371 Vaultershome, iii. 107 Vaux of Northamptonshire, family, iii. 404, 405 Vaye, St. manor, iii. 222 Vaynfleet, Oller, iv. 55 Veal, Mr. ii. 150.――Family, iv. 54 Veale family, and George, ii. 124. Rev. Mr. 124 bis. Rev. Mr. the first protestant vicar of Gulval 124.――George, iii. 88. Mr. 82. Family 94, 286.――Sampson, iv. 55. Rev. W. of Zennar 166 ―――― of Trevarla, George and Mr. iii. 91 Vean, John, Robert, iii. 387 Veep, or Veepe, St. parish, i. 319――ii. 394, 409――iv. 155, 159 VEEP, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, impropriation, founder of church, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriation, iv. 110. Land tax, Priory of Carock, St. Pile, Walter of Exeter lived there, wrote the Life of Guy Earl of Warwick, different opinions of the historian, new house, burying place converted into a garden, Botowne 111. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, ib. A vicar, value, patron, impropriation, manor of Manely 112. By Editor, situation of the church, monuments, St. Syriac priory, for two monks only, and St. Currie church ibid. Revenue of the priory, St. Cyric’s Creek, the saint buried on the site now called St. Cadix, the history of Earl Guy 113. Trevelyan, the family seated in Somersetshire, and have lost half this estate, several manors mentioned by Lysons, besides Manely Coleshill, patronage of the benefice, present incumbent 114. Part of King Charles’s army here at the surrender of Fowey, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 115 Velhuish, Mr. ii. 97 Vellawrance, iii. 343 Vellownoweth, iii. 319 Venables, iii. 85 Venetians attacked Patras, ii. 369. Sale of Thessalonica to 366. Sir Henry Killigrew, ambassador to 372 Venice, iii. 187 Vennefire, ii. 209 Venning, Richard, iv. 18 Venton, ii. 1――iv. 41 Venus, planet, transit of, observed, iii. 19.――By Dr. Maskelyne, ii. 222.――Observation interrupted by a storm, iv. 11 Verbena chamoidryoides, iv. 183 ―――― pulchella, iv. 183 Vere, John de, i. 262. John, Earl of Oxford 402. John 12th Earl, John 14th Earl, Richard 11th Earl, and Sir Robert 262.――Aubrey, son of the 12th Earl of Oxford, attainted, and beheaded, ii. 182. George, brother of the 13th Earl 185. Earls of Oxford, Richard 11th, John 12th 181 bis. Opposed the precedence of the spiritual lords 181. Attainted and beheaded 182. John 13th, adhered to Henry 6th at the battle of Barnet, fled to Mount’s bay ibid. Entered it by stratagem 183. Twice repulsed Edward’s forces 184. Capitulated, confined at Hamms, returned with Henry 7th, killed at Bosworth 185. John 14th, and his arms, ib. Richard, and Aubrey, last Earl 195.――Richard de 11th Earl, iii. 65, 274. Family of the Earls of Oxford 258 ―――― river in Herts, iv. 79 Vergilia capensis, iv. 183 Verian, Veryan, or St. Verian parish, ii. 50――iii. 198, 282, 402, 403, 404, 451――iv. 116 Verman, i. 387――ii. 25. Family 357. Monuments to in Lamaran church 357.――Miss, iv. 116 Vernoil, ii. 179 Vernon, Judge, iii. 144 Veronica, St. i. 315 Verstegan, i. 302――ii. 236, 320.――His rhyme, iv. 128.――Richard, i. 264 Verulam, the ancient name of St. Alban’s, ii. 64 Veryan limestone, iv. 123 bis VERYAN parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, iv. 115. Ancient name, value of benefice, patron, land tax, name of Elerchy, history of the Trevanion family 116. And of Robins, with their arms, manors of Treviles and Govile 117. By Tonkin and Whitaker, situation, boundaries, name, history of St. Symphorian, a vicarage, value ibid. Patron, incumbent, impropriation, ancient name, manor of Elerchy, etymology 118. By Whitaker, name derived from the manorial house, its situation ibid. The mills, derivation of the name, dissertation on the use of imagination in antiquarian researches ibid. Saint, corruption of his name, parish feast 120. The church tower a later addition 121. By Editor, the manor, impropriators and patrons ibid. Three vicars related, the parish mentioned in an old charter, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 122. And by the Editor 123. Mr. Trist’s account of the limestone, Pendower beach, analysis of the stone by Mr. Gregor, much superior to the Plymouth limestone ibid. Good for cement, contains iron, Mr. Greenough’s map 124 Veryon, ii. 79 Vespasian, Emperor, i. 198 Vestia lycioides, iv. 283 Vetorio Capelli, a Venetian general, ii. 369 Veye, St. i. 328 Vibart of Gulval, ii. 83. Isabel 83 Vibert, Mr. a benefactor to the church at Penzance, iii. 93 Victor 2nd Pope, i. 110 bis Victory man of war, wreck of, iv. 174 Viel, heir of, iii. 279 Vienna, Christendom preserved by John Sobieski, under the walls of, ii. 351 Vignierius, i. 192 Vigures, Hugh, ii. 423 Ville Frank, taken by the English, iv. 177 Villie, De, i. 296 Villiers, Harriet, and John Earl Grandison, i. 69.――Barbara, Duchess of Cleveland, ii. 11. George Duke of Buckingham 382 Vincent, i. 18, 292. Henry and S. V., 54.――John and Matthias, ii. 227. Walter, killed Mr. George Killigrew, was tried and acquitted 5. Died suddenly 6. Walter 316. Mr. 227. Mrs. aunt of Mr. Tonkin 98. Arms, and story of them 227.――Family, made a fortune at Truro, iv. 88. Represented it in parliament, lived at Tresimple, have disappeared 89 ―――― of St. Allen, i. 205 ―――― of Creed, ii. 90 ―――― of Nantellon, John, i. 257 ―――― of Stoke Dabernon, Surrey, family and arms, ii. 227 ―――― of Trelevan family, iii. 192, 193.――Henry, ii. 55 ―――― of Tresimple, Edward, Henry, Jane, Mary, Peter, Shadrack, Walter bis, and arms, i. 205.――Henry, ii. 317――iii. 188, 328. Mary 188. Walter 328 ―――― of Trigowethan, Walter, iii. 319 ―――― of Truro, Edward, iii. 238. Nicholas 192. Walter 192, 327 bis Vinicombe, John, biography of, iii. 87 Vinsam, Richard, i. 272, 275 Virgil, notes on, iv. 87 Virgin Mary, ii. 2, 96 bis――iv. 132. Truro church, dedicated to 75 Virginia, Sir Richard Grenville undertakes to people, ii. 342 ―――― fleet, the Dutch attempt to capture, its cargo landed at Foy, ii. 42 Vivian, i. 74, 222. Sir Hussey 173. John 2, 215. Matthew 2. Sir Richard 222. Thomas, prior of Bodmin 75, 233. Bishop of Megara 75. Tomb 75, 95, 101. His official arms 75. Family arms 76, 94.――Edward, ii. 303. General Sir Hussey 34. His ancestors lived at Comprigney 318. Jane 304. Ralph 398. Rev. Mr. 34.――Francis and Mary, iii. 135. Richard 387. Thomas, prior of St. Petroc’s, Bodmin, and Bishop of Megara in Greece 279――iv. 160.――Mr. iii. 147.――Sir Hussey originated from Truro, iv. 86. John 89. Family 139 ―――― of Pencalerick, iii. 341.――Mr. iv. 89 ―――― of Trelowarren, iv. 160 ―――― of Trenowith, ii. 303 ―――― of Trenowth in St. Colomb, ii. 335 bis. Thomas 335 ―――― of Truan, i. 221, 383, 408. Anne 221, 222. Francis 216, 221, 222. Jane 221, 222. John 216 bis, 221 ter., 222 bis. Mary 211, 222 bis. Thomas 216, 221 bis, 222. Capt. Thomas 211. Arms 222.――Family, ii. 43――iii. 148 bis――iv. 138 bis, 160 bis. Vivyan of Tollskiddy, ii. 255 Volant, John de, ii. 209 Voluba, i. 256 Vorch, St. ii. 391 bis Vosper, i. 142――ii. 300.――Arthur, i. 142, 143.――John, iii. 16.――Etymology, i. 143 Vowell, i. 108 Voysey, John, Bishop of Exeter, ii. 195 Vyel of Trevorder, Miss, iii. 134 Vyell, i. 117 ―――― of Trevorder, i. 250. Julyan and William 378 Vyvyan, i. 117, 209. Francis 248. Sir Vyell 101. Sir Francis and Jane, ii. 320. Sir Richard, M.P. for Cornwall 351.――Sir Francis, iv. 162 Vyvyan of Cosowarth, in Little Colan, Mary, iii. 136 ―――― of Merthin, Charles, i. 136. Sir Richard 136, 241 ―――― of Trelowarren, i. 65, 148, 237. Jane 357. Sir Richard 211, 357, 391.――Hannibal, Sir Francis, Sir Richard and Sir Vyell, all successively governors of St. Mawe’s castle, Sir Richard displaced from the government by Cromwell, ii. 277.――Ann, born in the Tower, iii. 136. Barbara 342. Carew 136. Sir Carew 337. Charles 135. Francis, built the house at Trelowarren 134. Sir Francis 314 bis, 315 bis. Hannibal 134. Harriet 337. John 342. Michael 134. Philip 137, 337 ter. Richard 134 ter. Richard 136 bis. Sir Richard 135 ter. Sir Richard, a cavalier 135. Sent to the Tower, had time to destroy his papers, afterwards M.P. for Cornwall 136. Sir Richard seized by Mr. Boscawen 217. Sir Richard 337. Sir Richard R. his election for Bristol 137. Vyel 136, 137, 337. Sir Vyell 134, 135. Sir Vyell and his daughter 446. Five Misses 135. Mr. pupil of Dr. Borlase 53. Mr. 133, 337. Rev. Mr. 97. Family 44, 134 bis, 135 bis, 216, 250, 258. Arms 135.――Sir R. R., Rev. Vyal of Withiel bis, and family, iv. 163

Wadder family, iv. 17 Waddon, i. 167.――Family, iii. 255. Monuments to ibid. ―――― of Tonacombe in Morwinstow, memorials of in Kilkhampton church, ii. 347 Wade, general, i. 56 Wadebridge, i. 115, 351, 375. Account of 372, 376. Erection 373. Fund for repair 374 ―――― by Leland, iv. 259 ―――― parish, ii. 256――iii. 324――iv. 46 Wadebrygge, iv. 255 Wadham college, Oxford, ii. 377, 389――iii. 20, 251 ―――― Joseph, iii. 20. William 116. Family, founders of Wadham college, Oxford 20 ―――― of Merrifield, John, ii. 110 bis Wadland, William, iii. 176 Wager, Admiral Sir Charles, iv. 21, 36. Bond gives his history 37 ―――― ship, loss of, iii. 205 Wakefield, battle of, iii. 294 Walburge, St. daughter of St. Richard, iv. 126. Little recorded of 127. Church dedicated at Chester to 125. At Bristol 127 Walcot, Dr. John, memoir of, iii. 219. His verses on Lieutenant Boscawen 220 Waldegrave, Hon. Edward, monument to, ii. 325 Wales, i. 307, 330, 334, 373――ii. 127――iii. 277, 336 bis, 340, 460.――St. German travelled through, ii. 65 bis. Tin and copper ore carried into to be separated 303 ―――― Prince of, ii. 376, 408――iv. 12, 19, 62, 72.――David, i. 339.――Frederick, i. 69――ii. 84.――Joan, Princess, iii. 27.――-His plume, iv. 71, 78 ―――― North, i. 294 ―――― North Nesta, Princess of, and Rosse, Prince of, i. 34 Walesborough, Walesbreu, Walesbury, or Whalesborough, John, iii. 116. Mark de 307. Thomas, Thomas 116. Family 115. Arms 116.――Family, iv. 39 Walesbury, or Walesborough, or Whalesborough manor, iii. 307. Account of 115, 117 Walfi, Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415 Walker, Rev. S. M., i. 392.――Rev. James, ii. 85. Rev. Robert, vicar of St. Winnow 34――iv. 158 bis.――Rev. Robert, anecdote of, iii. 4 ―――― of Exeter, i. 369――ii. 170 ―――― of Lanlivery, Mr. ii. 34 Waller, Sir William, the parliamentary general, ii. 343 Wallingford castle, iii. 285――iv. 9, 17 ―――― honour, iii. 44, 286――iv. 9, 17, 97, 127 ―――― manor, ii. 89, 113 Wallington, iii. 26 Wallis, Rev. John, i. 96. Captain, R.N., 359――ii. 99. The discoverer of Otaheite 270. The circumnavigator 405. Betty, his only dau., 270.――Christopher, notice of, iii. 446. John, Captain Samuel, R.N. family, and their monuments 440 Walocus, Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415 Walpole, i. 151. Sir Robert 265, 284. George Earl of Orford, his deed of entail, Robert Earl of Orford 313. Sir Robert 84, 313.――George, Earl of Orford, iii. 230. Horace 117.――Family 254, and iv. 62 Walsh, James, iv. 67 Walsingham, St. Mary of, ii. 75 Walter, Hubert, Archbishop of Canterbury, ii. 180 bis.――Mary, iii. 337. Family 254 Walton court, iii. 155 Walveden of Walveden, Catherine and John, and Miss, iii. 357. Family 357, 365 ―――― manor, iii. 356 Warbeck, Perkin, ii. 186 bis, 187 bis, 189, 190 quint.――iii. 433.――Saluted King of England, ii. 188. Takes sanctuary at Beauly, submits 190. Pardoned, afterwards escaped 191 Warborough, iv. 125. The Editor thinks it resembles the Roman works in Dorsetshire 126 Warbstow parish, iii. 275――iv. 59, 61 quat. WARBSTOW parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, iv. 124. Consolidated with Trenegles, patron, incumbent 125. By Tonkin and Whitaker, situation, boundaries, name, saint, Chester Cathedral dedicated to her, attached to Treneglos, incumbent, Warborough fortification, from which, says Whitaker, the name is derived ibid. By Editor, this part abounds in military antiquities ibid. Surprising how armies could have been provisioned, has seen this entrenchment, much larger than those in Cornwall generally, the saint’s history, and of her relation St. Boniface 126. He invented the letter W, a church dedicated to St. Walburga at Bristol, impropriator, patron, Fentrigan manor, Donneny manor, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 127 Warburg, St. iv. 125 Warburton, William, Bishop of Gloucester, ii. 265, 266.――Dr. William, iii. 67, 68 quint., 69 Ward, Simon, brewer to King Arthur, i. 131.――Dr. Seth, Bishop of Exeter, consecrated Falmouth church, ii. 4 Wardour castle, Wilts, iv. 106 Ware’s History of Ireland, iv. 145. MSS. 147 Warinus, ii. 427 Warlegan parish, ii. 239. Warleggon 167, 168. Warliggan 89――iv. 48, 49.――Warligon, iii. 260 WARLEGGON parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, Trengove, and family, iv. 128. Their arms 129. By Tonkin and Whitaker, situation, boundaries, etymology, value, patron, incumbent, manor ibid. By Editor, descent of the manor and patronage of the living, manor of Carborro, the church and tower injured by lightning, general carelessness in neglecting the simple security against lightning 130. Statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 131 Warlewast, Robert, iii. 456.――William, Bishop of Exeter, i. 27, 95――ii. 87――iii. 456, 457, 458.――Founder of Launceston priory, ii. 419, 428. His deed of gift to it 426. Buried at Plympton priory, suppressed St. Stephen’s collegiate church 419 Warliggon manor, iv. 128. Account of 129 Warne, Rev. Mr. i. 246, 250.――Lawsuit between two brothers, ii. 253. Lost the whole estate 254 Warr, Joan, iii. 60 Warren, Maria Lukey, i. 403. Thomas 10.――David, iii. 387. William 239 ―――― a Roman fort, description of, iii. 365 Warrick, Charles, his character, and anticipation of the machinery of steam-boats, iv. 91 Warrington, i. 107 Wars, French, of Edward 3rd, i. 85 Warton, Thomas, ii. 266.――Mr. iv. 141 ――――’s History of English Poetry, iv. 113 Warwick castle, iv. 114 Warwick, Earl of, i. 168――iii. 73.――Guy, iv. 111, 113.――Thomas, i. 341.――Beauchamp, ii. 130. Richard Neville 38. Richard 182 ter. Wash in Lincolnshire, iii. 10 Wastrell downs, i. 239 Water, high, time of, at various points, iii. 375 Waterloo, battle, Sir Hussey Vivian shared the glories of, iv. 86 ―――― bridge, built of Cornwall stone, iii. 63 Watson, Bishop, iv. 45 Waunford, Thomas de, iv. 13; or Waurnford family and coheir 16 Wayne, William, iii. 426 Wayte, William, i. 243. Arms 244 ―――― of Lestwithiel, i. 243 ―――― of Trewenethick, William, iii. 324 bis Webb, John, ii. 196 Webber, Jonathan and arms, ii. 336.――Edy, iii. 387. Joseph 362. Thomas 181, 387 Wedgewood, Josiah, and Mrs. iii. 34.――Mr. procured soap rock from Lammoran parish, ii. 360 Wednock, St. iv. 53 Week St. Mary, near Stratton, a tower at, iii. 363 WEEK ST. MARY, parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value, patron, land tax, iv. 131. Thomasine Bonaventure, her history, obscure birth, she falls in with a London merchant 132. Goes with him to London as his servant, afterwards marries him, and is early left a rich widow, her second marriage and widowhood 133. Marries thirdly, is Lady Mayoress, in her third widowhood lived piously and charitably, founded a chantry and school in this parish 134. Dissolved by Edward 6th, two fairs 135. By Editor, church conspicuous, tower nearly the most lofty in Cornwall, town large, etymology of Week, lines on sweet saints ibid. Town called a borough, manor merged in that of Swannacot, manor of East Orchard Mauvais, Castle-hill, advowson, statistics, rector, Geology by Dr. Boase 136 Weekly Miscellany, i. 283 Weights, stone, found in Castle Dinas, i. 228 Well, medicinal, i. 160 Wellington, Duke, iv. 86, 159 Wells, insurgent advance to, i. 86. Proceed from 87.――See removed to, iv. 36 Welscomb, Thomas, i. 290 Welsh bards, iii. 431.――Jones’s Relics of, ii. 166 ―――― people, i. 307 ―――― princes, iii. 336 ―――― stone coal, iv. 123 ―――― tongue, i. 337 ―――― victory over the Picts, ii. 65 Wen, de, iii. 214 ―――― St. parish, sheaf of, ii. 44 Wena, St. Bishop of Winchester, iv. 137 Wenap, St ii. 129, 132 bis WENAP parish. See Gwenap Wenca, i. 2 Wendron church, iii. 447.――St. Wendron, ii. 136, 137――St. Wendrone, iv. 5 WENDRON parish. See Gwendron ―――― parish, i. 261.――St. Wendron, ii. 160.――St. Wendrone, iii. 5 ―――― St. vicarage, ii. 138 Wendyn, Robert, i. 313 Wenheder, i. 2 Wenn, St. iv. 160 ―――― church, i. 74――iii. 188 ―――― parish, i. 115, 212.――iii. 391, 395――iv. 163 WENN, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, saint, the only parish in Cornwall with the prefix of saint in Domesday Book, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, impropriation, land tax, iv. 137. Tower and bells struck down by lightning, Tregury family, Michael, Archbishop of Dublin, his Latin epitaph, mistranslated by Hals, Lancorla barton 138. The dwelling of Mr. Hals, the manor of Lancorla and of Checkenock, Trewithan 139. Damelsa castle and house, Treganatha, fairs at 140. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, saint, a vicarage, value, patron, incumbent, manor of Borlase ibid. Family of Norman origin, disputed by Whitaker 141. By Editor, Great Skewish, Skewish family, one of them compiled the wars of Troy temp. Henry 6th, Archbishop Tregury. Editor’s communication with Dean Dawson, the Archbishop’s tomb restored by Swift ibid. Engraving of the tomb 142. Editor’s letter to the Gentleman’s Magazine with it, antiquity and vigour of that work, history of the Archbishop nearly lost, noticed by Lysons, successive possessors of the estate, tomb seen by a Cornish gentleman, application to the Dean 143. Records of the Dublin prelates, &c. lost, preservation of the tomb, Wood’s mention of the Archbishop as governor of the newly founded college of Caen 144. Memoir of him from Ware’s History of Ireland 145. Said to have been taken prisoner at sea, doubted, certain persons excommunicated for laying violent hands on him, his death 146. Monument described, preserved, his will 147. Celebration of a jubilee at Rome, dreadful fatality from the crowds, Tregury ordered a fast of three days in his diocese, his works, documents respecting the restoration of his temporalities 148. Parish statistics, incumbent, Geology by Dr. Boase 151 Wenna, i. 2.――A female saint, iv. 140 Wennack, St. iii. 37 Wennow, St. parish, i. 112.――St. Wenow, ii. 41――iv. 110 Wensent, i. 2 Wentworth, Earl of Strafford, iii. 152 Werrington, i. 266.――Barton, iii. 283, 459 quat. Possessors of 460 ―――― manor, iv. 64 bis ―――― parish, iii. 456, 459 quat., 460――iv. 152 Werstanus, Bishop of Devon, iii. 415 Wescombe, Robert, iii. 153 Wesley, John, preached in Gwenap pit, ii. 133 Wessy, St. ii. 412 West, John, iii. 387. Colonel John 419 ―――― of Redruth, Udy, ii. 239 ―――― of England Architecture, iv. 16 ―――― hundred, i. 112, 167, 174, 316――ii. 291, 394, 409――iii. 13, 118, 245, 260, 291, 347――iv. 19, 23, 110, 111, 128, 129, 155, 184 ―――― Indies, regular communication of Falmouth with, ii. 18. Mr. Knill’s mission to 266. Ship supposed to have made for when driven to the Cornish coast 268 ―――― Looe, Mr. Daniell, M.P. for, ii. 318 ―――― Saxon Kings, iii. 139 ―――― Saxons, Kingill, King of, ii. 284.――St. Richard, King of, iv. 126 ―――― North, account of, i. 319 Westbury of Winston Westbury, Edward, i. 400 Westcot, iii. 163 ―――― down, iv. 18 Western circuit, ii. 227. Lawyers of 53 ―――― lighthouse, its latitude and longitude, ii. 359 Westlake of Elmsworthy, ii. 347. The last of the family died in destitution, twice pricked for Sheriff while in the poorhouse 347. Memorials in Kilkhampton church ibid. Westmacott, the sculptor, iii. 229 Westminster, i. 345――ii. 403――iii. 242 ―――― abbey, i. 170――iii. 65, 167.――Monuments in, iv. 38 ―――― abbot of, ii. 149 ―――― hall, ii. 190, 191, 192――iii. 131. The Bishops tried in 296 ―――― school, iii. 296, 300 ―――― statute, ii. 4 Weston, William, English prior of the Knights of Malta, i. 411.――Stephen, Bishop of Exeter, iii. 40. Judge 144.――Mr. and Bishop, iv. 118 Wetherall, Sir Charles, ii. 162 Weymouth, sea fight near, ii. 26 Whaddon, i. 104 Whalesborough family, iv. 114. See Walesborough Wharton’s History of English Poetry, i. 342 ――――’s London, i. 251 Wheal tower mine, ii. 33 Wheare, Degory, his history and works, ii. 233 Whele, Alfred, i. 143――iii. 345 ―――― Etherson, i. 414 ―――― Fortune, ii. 83, 219――Copper, iii. 47 ―――― Reath, tin, account of, iii. 113 ―――― Treliston, ii. 143 ―――― Vor, i. 127, 128――iii. 13, 447 Wherry mine, account of, iii. 99 Whetstone, iv. 54 Whetton, Samuel, i. 112 Whichcott, Colonel Christopher, commissioner for the parliament army, iv. 189 Whigs were joined by George I. and George II. the battle of Culloden caused their fall, ii. 244 Whitaker, Rev. John, i. 96.――Some particulars of his Life, rector of Ruan Lanyhorne, iii. 406. His literary character 407.――His history of Cornwall, ii. 123, 127, 143, 153, 199, 231, 240, 254 bis, 255, 273, 274――iii. 278, 292, 302, 321, 348, 363, 364 ter., 365, 366, 398 bis, 399. His style, &c., 342.――His remarks upon Truro castle and town, iv. 78. General remarks at the end of the work 167.――Mr. i. 73 Whitaker’s cathedrals of Cornwall, i. 299 Whitchurch, Ranulph de, iv. 16 White, i. 266.――John and Robert, ii. 300. Rev. Mr. 151.――Thomas, Bishop of Peterborough, one of the seven, iii. 299 White’s “Natural History of Selborne,” iii. 206 White Friars, house at Truro, iv. 76, 79 ―――― works mine, ii. 302 Whitechapel, iii. 188 Whitechurch parish, near Tavistock, iii. 390 Whiteford barton, iv. 9, 11. Purchased by Mr. Call 10 ―――― Rev. Mr. of Lestwithiel, iii. 24 Whitehall, iii. 143 Whiteleigh of Efford, John, i. 313, and Richard 313 bis.――Richard, ii. 43, 109, 189. Whitleigh of Efford 419. Joanna, Margaret, and Richard, ib. Whitford, Rev. Mr. of Poundstock, iii. 352 Whiting, Rev. William, of St. Martin’s in Meneage, iii. 126 Whitminster family and heir, iv. 16 Whitmore, Mr. iii. 90 Whitsand, or Whitsend bay, iii. 310, 433, 435.――Excavation at, ii. 252 Whitstone parish, i. 133――iii. 86――iv. 39, 40 WHITSTONE parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, barton of Bennet, iv. 152. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, etymology, ib. A rectory, value, patron, incumbent, manor, name of the parish derived from it, Whitaker 153. By Editor, church and tower fine and well seated, monuments, patron, and incumbent, statistics, Geology by Dr. Boase 154 Whitsuntide, iii. 427.――Celebrated at Wilton by Canute, iv. 96 Whittington, i. 121, 262.――Blanche, John and Thomas, iii. 317. William 316, 317 bis Wickliffe, iii. 163.――John, i. 314 Widemouth, west, manor, iii. 353 Widislade, ii. 427 Wiedbury, ii. 292 Wight, Isle of, a battle off, ii. 342 Wike St. Mary, parish, i. 296――iv. 40, 59, 152 bis Wilgress, Rev. J. T. ii. 144 Wilkes, John, i. 173.――Mr. ii. 245 Wilkin, John, ii. 189 Wilkins, Rev. Mr. ii. 372 Wilkinson, William, ii. 189 William, Rev. Anthony, rector of St. Keverne, rendered insensible by a storm during divine service, ii. 324. Sends an account of it to the Royal Society, ib. ―――― son of the Earl of Morton, ii. 211 ―――― the Conqueror, i. 43, 241, 367――ii. 89, 118, 130, 147, 175, 176 bis, 210, 211 ter., 235, 237, 238, 259, 310, 344, 379, 384, 399, 418――iii. 22, 44, 46, 114, 129, 134, 142, 276, 291, 346, 349, 352, 422, 451 bis, 456. Charter of 114, 117――iv. 14, 15, 62, 67, 102, 118, 153 ―――― 1st, King, ii. 50, 51, 59, 62, 80, 92, 94, 106, 129, 145, 155, 175, 253, 257, 259, 273, 299, 315, 332, 335――iii. 64, 74, 79, 101, 114, 115, 118, 139, 391――iv. 184 ―――― Rufus, ii. 147, 211 bis, 344――iii. 462――iv. 140 ―――― 3rd, i. 46――ii. 51, 54, 76, 89, 112, 127, 255, 277, 278, 301――iii. 15, 78, 148, 168, 176, 182, 186, 195, 199, 208, 222, 237, 297 bis, 417, 421――iv. 22, 107, 116 ter., 152, 160 ―――― and Mary, ii. 236 ―――― 4th, King, iv. 18 ―――― Duke of Normandy, iii. 462 ―――― of Malmesbury, i. 200――iv. 96 Williams, i. 16, 158, 210, 387. Edward 272, 276. Rev. Humphrey 355. Jane 357. John 154, 277.――John, ii. 134. Richard 256. Mr. 157. Family 336.――Rev. Anthony of St. Kevern, iii. 88. Courtenay 367. John 350. Thos. of Lombard Street, London 162. Three Misses 343. Mr. 82, 363. Family 343, 363.――John, iv. 55. Mr. 74. Henry 77 ―――― of Bodenick, or Boderick, William, i. 319.――William, ii. 410, 411 ―――― of Carmanton, John, i. 225.――(or Willyams) of Carnanton, Anne, iii. 229. Humphrey 151. John 229 ―――― of Carvean, Catherine, John, iii. 355. Mary 355, 362. Arms 355 ―――― of Dorset or Wilts, arms, iii. 145 ―――― of Helston, John, i. 357 ―――― of Herringston in Dorset, Mr. family, and arms, iii. 356 ―――― of Probus, i. 396――ii. 54 ―――― of Rosworthy, John, and arms, iii. 145 ―――― of St. Blazey, Hugh, his marriages, and death, i. 53. Building a new house 54. Arms 53 ―――― of Tregenna, John, i. 420 ―――― of Trehane, i. 400.――Mary and Mr. iii. 366 ―――― of Trevorva, arms, iii. 355 ―――― of Trewithan, Richard, i. 53, 225.――Courtenay, iii. 356 ―――― of Trewithgy, William, iii. 355 ―――― of Truthan, i. 398 bis. John 396, 398. Arms 396 Willington family, iii. 348 Willis, Andrew, killed at Skewis, i. 276 bis ―――― Browne, ii. 200――iii. 120, 268, 459.――His additions to Camden, i. 257, 339. Notitia Parliamentaria 200――ii. 68, 403――iii. 14, 16, 17, 24, 25, 26, 27――iv. 117.――Account of St. German’s priory, ii. 69, 71, 72. Of Launceston 422, 423 ―――― of Fen Ditton, Bart. Sir Thomas and Sir William, ii. 97 ―――― of London, Dorothy and Thomas, ii. 97 Willoughby, sheriff of Cornwall, ii. 186. Family 313 ―――― de Broke, Lord, ii. 231.――Family, iii. 47 Wills, Rev. Mr. i. 383.――Anthony offers himself and six sons to King William 3rd, ii. 112. Rev. Thomas 139 bis. Rev. Thomas, vicar of Wendron 326.――Rev. Mr. of Mullion, iii. 257 Wills of Helston, Matthew, ii. 139, 326 ―――― of Wivelscomb, iii. 269 Willyams of Cannerton, Anne, John, John and Oliver, ii. 85 Wilow, St. ii. 411.――By Leland, iv. 279 Wilson’s Martyrology, iii. 385 Wilton, Canute celebrated Whitsuntide at, iv. 96 ―――― abbey, Wilts, iii. 291.――St. Udith, abbess of, iv. 93. Built St. Denis church at, and was buried there 94.――Priors of, ii. 291 ―――― convent at, iv. 96 ―――― of Dunveth, Miss, John, iv. 3 Wiltshire, i. 334 ―――― William Lord Scrope, Earl of, Lord treasurer, iii. 129 Wimbourn Minster, iv. 126 Winchelsea, its naval armaments defeated Fowey, ii. 45 Winchester, i. 326, 327, 336――ii. 139.――Rebels march through, i. 87 ―――― Stephen Gardiner, Bishop of, ii. 194.――Jonathan Trelawney, iii. 295, 297 ―――― Levignus, monk of, ii. 60 ―――― measure, iii. 182 Windham, Madam, iii. 449. Mr. 449 ter. Windsor, i. 146 bis ―――― collegiate church, i. 341 ―――― dean and chapter of, ii. 72 ―――― poor knights of, ii. 52, 54, 55 ―――― Gerald de, i. 34. Otho de 34 bis. Walter de 34. William de 34, 35 ―――― Lord, i. 34 Winenton in Kerrier, iii. 133 Winfred, St. iv. 126 Wingfield, Miss, i. 266――ii. 243.――Family, iv. 156 Winnocus, St. and his history, iv. 157 Winnous, St. by Leland, iv. 278 Winnow manor, ii. 252 ―――― St. downs, iv. 29, 186 bis, 188 ―――― St. parish, i. 113, 421, 358, 376, 379, 390――iii. 24――iv. 111, 184.――Rev. Robert Walker, vicar of, ii. 34 WINNOW, ST. parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, saint’s name, ancient name, value of benefice, incumbent, land tax, St. Nectan’s chapel. History of the saint, his chapel at Hartland, built by Goditha, daughter of Earl Godwin, the Earl attributing his preservation in a tempest at sea to the saint’s intercession, iv. 155. Barton and manor of St. Winow, its possessors 156. Tethe, Trevego, Laran bridge 157. By Tonkin, saint, his history, Bergh St. Winnox, benefice, a vicarage, value, patron, incumbent, impropriation ibid. By Editor, beautiful situation of the church, vicarage house and glebe, Mr. Walker, chapel, Ethy, notice of Admiral Penrose 158. Statistics, the vicars, value of the benefice, Geology by Dr. Boase 159 Winnow, St. vicarage, beauty of, iv. 158 Winock, St. abbey, at Bergh in Flanders, iii. 33 Winotus, St. iv. 155 Winow, St. barton and manor, iv. 156 Winslade, i. 7 ―――― of Tregarrick, or St. Agnes, William, ii. 192 Winsloe, Mr. ii. 399 Winslow, Rev. R. of Minster, iii. 236 bis. Thomas, took the name of Phillips 235 Winstanley of Littlebury, Essex, built the first lighthouse at Eddystone, iii. 376 ter. Winter of Sydney, Sir John, i. 398 ―――― of Kellyfreth, ii. 304. Arms, ib. ―――― an eminent family of Gloucestershire, ii. 304 Winwaloe, St. iv. 60 Winwallo, St. ii. 127. His history 127, 128 ter. Winwolaus of Tremene chapel, iv. 60 Wise, i. 370 ―――― of Stoke Damarel, i. 266 Witchalse, Benet and his daughter, iii. 199 Withal rectory house, i. 75 Withel parish, iii. 391, 395.――Withell, ii. 94, 335.――Withiel, i. 115――ii. 384――iv. 137, 140 Withell goose manor, iv. 160 bis Withering, Dr. ii. 331.――The botanist, iii. 173 Witherington, Dr. i. 150 Withiel church, i. 74 ―――― parish, see Withel WITHIEL parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, incumbent, land tax, iv. 160. Rectory house built, Burnevas, Trenance, family, and arms, Bryn 161. Birth of Sir Bevill Grenville 162. By Tonkin, situation, value of benefice, appropriation, a rectory, value, incumbent ibid. By Editor, rectory house improved, Trewren monument, statistics, incumbent, Geology by Dr. Boase 163 Withroe manor, ii. 252 Withyel, Richard Trewren, rector of, i. 376 Wivelsberge, advowson of, iii. 115 Wodehouse, ii. 117. Lord, is the representative of the Killigrew family 23 Wolf, the, iv. 173 Wolfchild, Lady, mother of St. Udith, iv. 93 Wolfe, General, iii. 218 Wolfran, St. and his festival, iv. 117 Wollacombe of Devon, Mr. iii. 222 bis Wollas, iii. 258 Wolphard, abbot, iv. 126 Wolpher, King of Mercia, iv. 125 Wolridge, Thomas, iii. 374 ―――― of Gorminick, John, i. 420 Wolrige, Dr. Hugh, monument to, and John, iii. 454 Wolsey, Cardinal, ii. 361――iii. 299 bis Wolsey’s survey, iii. 340 Wolvedon, or Goulden, barton, in St. Probus and Tregony, iii. 359. Fort on 365 ―――― of Golden, Charles or Christopher, i. 297 Wolverston, i. 136 ―――― of Wolverston, ii. 5 Wood, i. 76, 210――ii. 215.――Anthony, iii. 251――iv. 144. His Annals 144.――His Athenæ Oxonienses, ii. 233――iii. 296――iv. 86. His Fasti 144.――William, ii. 353.――Rev. William, junior, iii. 450.――Rev. William of Withiel, iv. 162. Rev. Mr. of Treneglos 61. Rev. Mr. of Warbstow 125. Rev. Mr. of Withiel 160 ―――― Knowle, iii. 117 Woodberry, i. 168 Woodland, Sir William, iii. 239 ―――― street, i. 79 Woodley, Rev. C. W. of Stithians, iv. 5 Woodly village, ii. 385 Woodvill, Lionel, Bishop of Salisbury, ii. 194. Richard Earl Rivers 194 Woolcock, ii. 192.――J. H. iii. 387 Woolcombe, Rev. Charles of Minster, iii. 236. Rev. William of Pillaton 347 Woolcumbe, Mr. ii. 279 ―――― of Longford hill, ii. 279 Woolford village, iii. 255 Woolley, J. T. i. 314, 315.――James, iii. 346. Mr. 163 ―――― village, iii. 255 Woolridge, Rector of St. Michael Penkivell, i. 256.――Rev. Mr. of Tywardreth, iv. 99 ―――― of Carlynike, John, and arms, i. 256 Woolrington, John de, i. 246 Woolston, George, shot in Rogers’s affray, i. 274 quat., 275 ter.――Mr. iii. 366 ―――― manor, iii. 353 Worcester, St. Chad, patron of, ii. 391 ―――― Florence of, iii. 310――iv. 168 ―――― William of, ii. 203, 204, 206――iii. 223, 292, 350.――His Itinerary, Appendix 6, iv. 222 to 256. Containing his life 222. List of Cornish castles 228. Itinerary from Polston Brygge to Porthenys 229. List of the Scilly islands and of obits 230. Memoranda 231. List of rivers 233. Memoranda from Thomas Peperelle 234. Extracts from the Bodman kalendar 236. Sources of the rivers, and a list of islands 237. Account of Bodman, and an extract from the Martyrology 238. From Bodman kalendar 239. From Bodman register respecting the plague, and memoranda from Robert Bracey 240. Verses at Tavistock and extract from the Tavistock kalendar 241. Property of Penryn college 242. Itinerary from North sea to the Thamar river 243. List of the havens 244. Itinerary from Penzance to Plymton 245. Memoranda from the kalendar of Mont Myghele, journey from Weare to Manchew 249. Various memoranda 250 to 252. Dates of the above journey 252 to 255. Bridges in Cornwall from Exeter to St. Michael’s mount 255 Worcester, William Worth, Archdeacon of, iii. 62 ―――― William Lloyd, Bishop of, iii. 299 ―――― college, Oxford, ii. 233 Worcestershire, ii. 147――iii. 344 Woronus, Bishop of Cornwall, iii. 415 Worsley, Rev. Charles, rector of Leskeard, iii. 23 Worth, i. 240.――Mr. ii. 97.――John, iii. 60, 62 bis. Built a house at Tremogh 62. Family and marriage of the heiress ibid. ―――― of Penryn, John son of John, William, and William, D.D. iii. 62 ―――― of Worth, family and arms, iii. 60 Wortha, Higher, iii. 258 ―――― Lower, iii. 258 Worthyvale manor, iii. 234 bis, 236. King Arthur received his death wound at 236 Wotton, account of, ii. 362. The barton of Trelugan manor 363 ―――― cross village, ii. 362 Wray, William, iii. 358 Wrey, Elizabeth and Sir William, i. 210.――Rev. H. B. ii. 416.――Sir William, iii. 16.――Sir Bourchier, iv. 112. Rev. W. B. 50. Family 110 bis. Of Devon 50 ―――― of Trebigh, Sir Bourchier, Sir Chichester John bis, William bis, and arms, i. 411 Wright, ii. 130, 253, 375 Wring Cheese, i. 178, 179. Described 184, 190 Wringworthy, Higher, iii. 246 ―――― manor, iii. 252 Wroughton, Miss, ii. 218 Wulrington, ii. 430 Wulvedon, by Leland, iv. 272 Wykeham, William of, iii. 171 Wyllacombe, iv. 29 Wylliams of Roseworthy in Gwyniar, Ann, iii. 159. Rev. Cooper 159, 160. Rector of Kingston near Canterbury, his works 160. Humphrey James and James 159. John 159 bis, 160. John and John 159. John O. 159 bis. An anecdote he told 160. Thomas Captain 159 Wymer, St. ii. 142 Wymond, Mr. i. 78.――Family and coheirs, iv. 113 Wymondesham, W. de, iv. 44 Wymondeston, W. de, iv. 46 Wymondham, William de, i. 383 Wymp, i. 2 Wynn, Right Hon. Charles Williams, M.P. ii. 20 Wynnanton, ii. 126, 128 Wynne, i. 163, 400, 401. Rev. Dr. Luttrell 164, 401 ter., 402 ter., 403.――Rev. Dr. ii. 114 Wynnenton, i. 241 Wynnock, St. parish, ii. 358 Wyse, William, iv. 147

Xantus, Prince of Caretica, i. 300 Xenophon, translations from, ii. 76 Xysten, St. i. 88

Yealm bridge, iii. 283 Yeard, Richard, i. 210 Yellow Leigh manor, ii. 416 Yeo family, ii. 86, 416.――Arms 87 ―――― of Trevelver family, iii. 240 Yescombe, E. B. monument to, iii. 229 York, i. 397――ii. 213 ―――― Archbishop of, i. 139――ii. 90.――St. Paulinus the first, iii. 284, 285 ―――― county, i. 258――ii. 76――iv. 42.――Chalk hills in, iii. 10 ―――― diocese, iv. 42 ―――― Duke of, ii. 94. James 27. His engagement with the Dutch fleet, and letter of thanks to Captain Penrose 28.――Richard, i. 168, 169 ter.――ii. 260 ―――― William, ii. 189 ―――― house of, i. 169――ii. 108, 185, 186 bis, 187 ―――― street, near Covent Garden, iii. 252 ―――― and Lancaster wars, iii. 199 Yorke of Somersetshire, Humphrey settled at Trevassack, Richard of Wellington, Sarah, and family, iii. 342 Young, Rev. Denis, iii. 256 Yse, i. 2

Zamkees the Samothracian, i. 24 Zealand, iii. 227 Zela, i. 20 ZENNAR parish, by Hals, situation, boundaries, etymology, ancient name, value of benefice, patron, land tax, founder and impropriator, soil, tin, Chapel Jane, iv. 164. By Tonkin, situation, boundaries, name, a vicarage, value, patron, incumbent ibid. By Editor, beauty of the scenery, fertile, church and tower, bells inscribed, no saint to be found, feast, St. John Lateran church at Rome, Trereen Dinas, or the Gurnet’s head 165. Editor purchased it for its geological interest, impropriation, statistics, vicar, patron, Geology by Dr. Boase 166 Zennor parish, i. 132――iii. 242――iv. 52, 53, 54 Zouch, Lord, i. 170――John Lord, iii. 102

ERRATA.

VOLUME IV.

P. 36, line 10, for Polbenro, read Polperro. P. 41, line 10, read Horningcote. P. 44, line 2 from bottom, for Mr. read Mrs. P. 45, line 2, for Dinnavale, read Dellabole; line 6, for Treveares, read Treveans; line 14, for brother, read brothers. P. 46, line 19, for an entire, read a complete. P. 54, line 7 from foot, after ecclesiastical, read and Duchy. P. 67, line 19, read from whom it has descended. P. 74, line 11, for Ballivor, read Ballivo. P. 93, line 20, for he, read she. P. 114, line 6 from foot, for Trevilyan, read Tresilyan. P. 138, line 17, for bold, read bald. P. 139, line 14, dele (S. T.) P. 161, add to the note, and the name should be Trewren.

THE END.

Transcriber’s Note:

This book was written in a period when many words and names had not become standardized in their spelling. Words may have multiple spelling variations or inconsistent hyphenation in the text. These have been left unchanged. Dialect, obsolete and alternative spellings were left unchanged, as were misspelled words, incorrect use of homonyms, and sentences without verbs. Words and phrases in italics are surrounded by underscores, like this. Superscripted characters are preceded by a carat, e.g. Gen^l. The book used hyphens, dots, and spaces of various lengths to indicate unknown names, dates or words. For consistency, these were changed to four dashes: ――――. Insular letters were replaced with contemporary equivalents. In Appendix XI, abbreviations are sometimes indicated with a macron or tilde above or through one or more letters. These are shown within brackets, e.g. [=m] and [~co].

Obvious printing errors, such as backwards, upside down, missing or partially printed letters, were corrected. Unprinted punctuation and final stops missing at the end of abbreviations and sentences were added. Duplicated words were removed, as were duplicate letters after rejoining words that were hyphenated at the end of a line. Excess spaces in abbreviations of titles, D.D. and M.D., were removed.

Footnotes were numbered sequentially and moved to the end of the section in which the anchors occur. Footnotes [139] and [335] are missing in the original; there are no anchors for footnotes [227], [230], and [337]. In Appendix XII, many footnotes have multiple anchors.

Noted, not changed:

-- The inscription in Greek on page 37 may be missing a word at the end of the first line (Βαθύλλου); gamma was substituted for upside-down lambda in line 5. -- On page 193 in Appendix V, there is no subparagraph 3. -- Page numbers missing in Appendix X are also missing in the original of Tanner’s Notitia monastica. -- “1422” should read “1242” “…in anno 1422, (26 Hen. III.)…”

The list of errata at the end of the book appears only in Volume 1; it was added for the convenience of readers.

Adjustments to the Index:

Changes:

Angelo, St., ... descended fram to descended from. page number for DULO parish, from i. 216 to i. 316. initial I to S. ... Enys, John, ii. 93, 243. J. S. moved entry for Exceter Brygge from “F” to alpha location in “E”. change spring 713 to spring 173, within entry for St. Hillary. Where a name was repeated in the index at the top of the next column, name was changed to ――― for consistency with other entries. Removed ――― indent before entry: Phillipps, Rev. William and family... backwards and upside down 3 to a 2 for entry: Wallingford castle, iii. 285.

Added:

page number (31) to geology for St. Anthony in Powder. volume and page number for Fairs, custom of displaying a glove. periods missing after volume numbers and abbreviations. page number 349 to Nugent...―Lord 349. corrected 3 lines in a row, right column, Phillack parish, unprinted: period after Mr. on first line, e of house on second line and hyphen in word divided at end of third line. added comma to Bishop of, St. Hilary... under Poictiers. missing ‘o’ in ‘governor of Plymouth’ under entry for Trelawny.

Comment:

Page numbers for index items are occasionally missing in the original.

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