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Title: The Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society (Vol. VII)

Editor: Thomas Hamilton Murray

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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY (VOL. VII) ***

[Illustration:

REAR-ADMIRAL JOHN McGOWAN, U.S.N. (Retired).

PRESIDENT-GENERAL OF THE SOCIETY, 1906–1907. ]

THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

BY

THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY,

Secretary-General.

VOLUME VII.

BOSTON, MASS., PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY, 1907.

[Illustration]

BY WAY OF INTRODUCTION.

I take great pleasure in here presenting Volume VII of the JOURNAL of the American-Irish Historical Society. It is hoped the book will be found equal, in point of general interest, to those preceding it and helpful to the organization to whose labors and progress it is devoted. The Society continues in a prosperous condition, has no indebtedness, and is steadily adding new members to its roll. The historical papers contained in this work will be recognized as of more than usual value, while the historical notes and other material will, we are confident, be likewise fully appreciated.

Sincerely, T. H. MURRAY, Secretary-General.

BOSTON, MASS., December 31, 1907.

OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY, A. D. 1907.

President-General, =Rear-Admiral John McGowan, U. S. N.= (retired), Washington, D. C.

Vice-President-General, =Hon. Franklin M. Danaher=, Albany, N. Y.

Secretary-General, =Thomas Hamilton Murray=, Seaview, Plymouth County, Mass.

Treasurer-General, =Michael F. Dooley=, Providence, R. I.

Librarian and Archivist, =Thomas B. Lawler=, New York City.

EXECUTIVE COUNCIL,

The foregoing and

=Hon. John D. Crimmins=, New York City. =Hon. William McAdoo=, New York City. =Hon. Thomas J. Gargan=, Boston, Mass. =Patrick F. Magrath=, Binghamton, N. Y. =Rev. John J. McCoy, LL. D.=, Worcester, Mass. =Thomas Addis Emmet, M. D., LL. D.=, New York City. =Edward J. McGuire=, New York City. =John F. O’Connell=, Providence, R. I. =James L. O’Neill=, Elizabeth, N. J. =Stephen Farrelly=, New York City. =Cyrus Townsend Brady, LL. D.=, Toledo, O. =Hon. Thomas J. Lynch=, Augusta, Me. =Gen. Phelps Montgomery=, New Haven, Conn. =Hon. Thomas Z. Lee=, Providence, R. I. =Hon. Patrick Garvan=, Hartford, Conn. =Major John Crane=, New York City. =Col. John McManus=, Providence, R. I. =Hon. William Gorman=, Philadelphia, Pa. =Col. C. C. Sanders=, Gainesville, Ga. =John F. Doyle=, New York City.

STATE VICE-PRESIDENTS.

Maine—=James Cunningham=, Portland. New Hampshire—=Hon. James F. Brennan=, Peterborough. Vermont—=John D. Hanrahan, M. D.=, Rutland. Massachusetts—=M. J. Jordan=, Boston. Rhode Island—=Thomas A. O’Gorman=, Providence. Connecticut—=Dennis H. Tierney=, Waterbury. New York—=Joseph I. C. Clarke=, New York City. New Jersey—=John F. Kehoe=, Newark. Pennsylvania—=Hugh McCaffrey=, Philadelphia. Delaware—=John J. Cassidy=, Wilmington. Virginia—=James W. McCarrick=, Norfolk. West Virginia—=John F. Healy=, Thomas, Tucker County. South Carolina—=W. J. O’Hagan=, Charleston. Georgia—=Capt. John Flannery=, Savannah. Ohio—=John Lavelle=, Cleveland. Illinois—=Hon. P. T. Barry=, Chicago. Indiana—=Very Rev. Andrew Morrissey, C. S. C.=, Notre Dame. Iowa—=Rt. Rev. Philip J. Garrigan, D. D.=, Sioux City. Montana—=Rt. Rev. M. C. Lenihan, D. D.=, Great Falls. Minnesota—=Hon. C. D. O’Brien=, St. Paul. Kentucky—=John J. Slattery=, Louisville. Kansas—=Patrick H. Coney=, Topeka. Utah—=Joseph Geoghegan=, Salt Lake City. Texas—=Gen. A. G. Malloy=, El Paso. California—=James Connolly=, Coronado.

OTHER VICE-PRESIDENTS.

District of Columbia—=Hon. Edward A. Moseley=, Washington. Oklahoma—=Joseph F. Swords=, Sulphur. Canada—=Hon. Felix Carbray=, Quebec. Ireland—=Dr. Michael F. Cox=, Dublin.

MR. P. F. MAGRATH.

Binghamton, N. Y.

A MEMBER OF THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL AND A LIFE MEMBER OF THE SOCIETY. ]

THE ANNUAL MEETING AND DINNER, A. D. 1907.

The annual meeting and dinner of the Society took place in Boston, Mass., on Thursday evening, January 24, 1907. The following is a copy of the notice issued for the event:

AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

NOTICE OF THE ANNUAL MEETING AND DINNER.

DEAR SIR: The annual meeting and dinner of the American-Irish Historical Society will take place at the Hotel Brunswick, Boylston Street, Boston, Mass., on Thursday evening, January 24, 1907.

A committee will be on duty at the hotel all day to receive members and guests, especially those coming from other cities and states, and render them such assistance as may be desired. A general reception will take place in the evening from 5 to 6 o’clock, upon the conclusion of which the annual meeting of the Society will be held. The annual dinner will be at 7.30 p. m.

This will be the tenth anniversary of the Society, and it is eminently appropriate that its celebration should take place in Boston, the city where the organization was founded. These annual gatherings of the Society are always of very great interest, bring together a distinguished company, and are long remembered by those participating. The forthcoming event will be no exception to the rule.

Tickets to the dinner are now ready at $3.50 each. They can be obtained by addressing Mr. M. J. Jordan, 42 Court Street, Boston, Mass. Make checks payable to the American-Irish Historical Society and forward to Mr. Jordan at the address given.

Members are at liberty to invite personal guests. The evening reception committee will include the following Boston members of the Society: Capt. D. J. Gorman, Bernard J. Joyce, Michael H. Cox, Patrick M. Keating, J. W. Fogarty, P. A. O’Connell, Charles V. Dasey, T. B. Fitzpatrick, P. H. Powers, John E. Gilman, Hon. Joseph H. O’Neil, W. B. Sullivan, F. L. Dunne, P. B. Magrane and James W. Kenney.

We hope that all who possibly can will be with us on this occasion, as it is desired to make it a red-letter event in the history of the Society.

Fraternally, JOHN MCGOWAN, President-General, Washington, D. C.

T. H. MURRAY, Secretary-General, 48 Carlton Road, Seaview, Mass.

January 1, 1907.

The event was a very successful one and was participated in by a large gathering. Owing to the unavoidable absence of Admiral McGowan, the president-general of the Society, the business session was presided over by Mr. M. F. Dooley of Providence, R. I., treasurer-general of the organization.

Mr. T. H. Murray, secretary-general of the Society, was present, but owing to illness was assisted in his duties by Mr. P. F. Magrath of Binghamton, N. Y.

The reading of the minutes of the preceding annual meeting was omitted.

The annual report of the secretary-general was presented, accepted and adopted, as was that of the treasurer-general. Both reports showed the Society to be in an excellent condition.

Several new members were admitted to the organization.

The annual election of officers then took place, the result being as given on pages 5 and 6 of this volume. The business session was then dissolved, and after an interval the company proceeded to the annual dinner.

Mr. Thomas B. Fitzpatrick of Boston, the well-known merchant, presided. On his right and left were seated the Hon. John Hannan, mayor of Ogdensburg, N. Y.; the Hon. Charles E. Gorman, Providence, R. I.; the Hon. Joseph H. O’Neil, president of the Federal Trust Co., Boston; Mr. M. F. Dooley, of the Union Trust Co., Providence, R. I.; the Hon. Joseph F. O’Connell, congressman-elect, Boston; Mr. D. H. Tierney, Waterbury, Conn., and the Hon. Daniel O’Connor, Australia. The following letter was received from President-General McGowan:

1739 N. STREET, N. W., WASHINGTON, D. C. January 16, 1907.

DEAR MR. MURRAY:

I regret exceedingly that I will not be able to attend the annual meeting and dinner on January 24th. My cold does not improve, and unless there is a change very soon, I will have to start for a milder climate.

It is a great disappointment to me not to be with you on that day and I beg you will express to all the members of the Society my regret at my enforced absence and the hope that next year I may be more fortunate.

My attack of “grippe,” which started the middle of last month, has left me with a most provoking cough, and I do not get my strength back. With kind regards, believe me,

Sincerely yours, JOHN MCGOWAN.

* * * * *

Music was furnished during the banquet by a fine orchestra. Following was the dinner:

MENU.

Cape Oysters Bisque of Lobster Aux Souffles Consomme Printaniere Paupiette Halibut Au Vin Blanc Potato Croquettes Filet of Beef, Fresh Mushrooms Delmonico Potatoes Stringless Beans Sweetbread Cutlets with Peas Punch a la Romaine Roast Red Head Duck Chiffonade Salad Fancy Assorted Cake Neapolitan Ice Cream Fruit Cheese Small Coffee

In addition to those already mentioned as present at the dinner, after the business meeting, there were the Hon. Patrick T. Barry, Chicago, Ill.; the Hon. Thomas Z. Lee, Providence, R. I.; Mr. John Morgan, New York City; the Rev. Father Lyons, Boston, Mass.; Mr. R. J. Donahue, Ogdensburg, N. Y.; Mr. Edmund Reardon, Cambridge, Mass.; Col. James Moran, Providence, R. I.; Dr. M. F. Sullivan, Lawrence, Mass.; Mr. Bernard J. Joyce, Boston, Mass.; Mr. T. H. Murray, secretary-general of the Society; Mr. John D. Rohan, New York City; Mr. John T. F. MacDonnell, Holyoke, Mass.; Mr. P. F. Magrath, Binghamton, N. Y.; Mr. M. J. Jordan, Boston, Mass.; Mr. M. H. Cox, Boston, Mass.; Mr. William J. Kelly, Portsmouth, N. H.; Mr. P. A. O’Connell, Boston, Mass.; Mr. Bernard McCaughey, Pawtucket, R. I.; Mr. W. F. Kenny, Boston, Mass.; Mr. D. P. Downing, Cambridge, Mass.; Mr. James H. Devlin, Boston, Mass.; Mr. John J. Sullivan, Boston, Mass.; Capt. D. J. Gorman, Boston, Mass.; Mr. A. B. Sutherland (guest of Dr. M. F. Sullivan), Lawrence, Mass., and other gentlemen.

The after-dinner speeches were along the Society’s line of work and were of a most interesting nature. In his opening remarks, Mr. Fitzpatrick told of the early efforts of the Irish in Boston, and how their labors were an inspiration to the men and women of today.

The Hon. Charles E. Gorman of Providence, R. I., followed the toastmaster with a story on the bravery and chivalry of the Irish race. The early conditions in New England, and Rhode Island in particular, were outlined, after which he spoke on the struggles of the Irish to get a footing and show their spirit. He paid a stirring tribute to the work accomplished by the Celts and the Teutons and how their spirit of liberty managed to overcome difficulties.

The Hon. P. T. Barry of Chicago was well received when he arose to speak on the part the Irish took in the development of Chicago, the West and the great Northwest. His historical data was particularly interesting from the time of Chevalier McCarthy’s advent to the present. Congressman-elect Joseph F. O’Connell of Boston spoke on “The Part Played by the Irish in the Early History of Our Country.”

Mr. A. B. Sutherland of Lawrence, Mass., who is of Scottish blood, delivered an interesting speech, in which he told of what Irish civilization had done for Scotland and all northern Europe, and particularly of the spirit of liberty given to the Scotch by Irish example.

Rev. John J. Lyons illustrated how the Irish had done magnificent work in the interest of the church, and he made an earnest appeal for friendship on all sides and good will to mankind in general.

The Hon. Daniel O’Connor of Australia electrified the gathering with his witty remarks, and his narrative of the Irish influence in British literature and jurisprudence was unusually interesting.

Mr. D. H. Tierney of Waterbury, Conn., spoke for a few minutes on the Irish in Rochambeau’s army, after which the Hon. Joseph H. O’Neil and Michael J. Jordan, both of Boston, addressed the gathering briefly.

Before the meeting adjourned the Society paid a tribute to President Roosevelt, who is an active member of the organization. The tribute took the form of the following preamble and resolution:

PREAMBLE AND RESOLUTION OF THANKS AND APPRECIATION FROM THE AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

At the annual meeting of the American-Irish Historical Society, held in Boston, Mass., on the evening of January 24, 1907, the following minute was unanimously adopted:

WHEREAS, The American-Irish Historical Society has learned of the excellent work of our distinguished fellow-member, the Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, as embodied in his article on “The Ancient Irish Sagas,” recently published, and believing that some appropriate action should be taken to show our appreciation of the study and research exhibited in the able contribution mentioned, it is

Resolved, therefore, that in the opinion of this Society a splendid example is set by President Roosevelt in finding the time and opportunity, in the midst of his many duties and responsibilities, to devote attention to a subject dear to us. We heartily congratulate him upon the results he has so ably exemplified and set forth as the outcome of his researches into early Irish history.[1]

Footnote 1:

A copy of the foregoing preamble and resolution was forwarded to President Roosevelt and the Society received a cordial reply.

EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS RECEIVED.

The following are extracts from letters of regret:

From Mr. John J. Rooney, New York City: “My Dear Mr. Murray: I am exceedingly sorry I cannot be present at the American-Irish Historical Society dinner tomorrow night. I have a heavy case in court and cannot get away. Kindly express my regrets to all. Sincerely, John J. Rooney.”

From the Hon. Felix Carbray, M. R. I. A., Quebec, Canada: “I duly received the notice for the annual meeting and dinner. I deeply regret that distance and heavy business cares will make it unable for me to be present. I hope you will have a large gathering and a successful celebration.”

From the Hon. Patrick J. McCarthy, mayor of Providence, R. I.: “Dear Sir: Your letter in regard to the dinner of the American-Irish Historical Society received, and I regret to state that owing to previous engagements in Providence it will be impossible for me to attend. Wishing you a successful meeting, I remain, respectfully yours, Patrick J. McCarthy.”

From the Hon. Patrick J. Ryan, mayor of Elizabeth, N. J.: “Many thanks for your circular letter announcing that the American-Irish Historical Society is to have a reception and dinner in Boston on Thursday, January 24, next. I appreciate the notice I assure you, and regret to say that I will not be able to attend owing to a press of other matters here. I hope and trust the meeting will be a success in every way.”

From the Hon. Franklin M. Danaher, Albany, N. Y.: “Dear Mr. Murray: I have your notice of the annual meeting and dinner of the American-Irish Historical Society in Boston on Thursday, January 24, 1907. I have always been able to attend the annual meetings of the Society because they happened in New York coincident with my presence there on official business. Whether I can be in Boston on January 24th is somewhat problematical, but I will do so if I can. Do you expect President-General McGowan?”

From Mr. Edward J. McGuire, New York City: “My Dear Mr. Murray: It seems ungracious not to attend the Historical Society’s dinner at Boston on Thursday evening, you Yankees have been so generous and loyal in coming to New York, but for me it is absolutely impossible to be present. I am engaged in a number of most important and engrossing professional matters, and I have in addition but recently returned from a week’s absence in the South. I am sure you will make my excuses. I hope that you are entirely recovered from your illness and that everything prospers with you and the Society. With kindest regards, Very truly yours, Edward J. McGuire.”

From the Rt. Rev. Mgr. Dennis J. O’Connell, M. A., S. T. D., rector of the Catholic University of America, Washington, D. C.: “Mr. T. H. Murray, Secretary-General, Sea View, Mass. My Dear Sir: I desire to thank you very cordially for the notice you sent me regarding the annual dinner, and to say at the same time with sincere regret that I am afraid I cannot assist, for the following day, January the 25th, is the feast of our Faculty of Theology at which I must be present. Wishing all a pleasant time, I remain, Very sincerely yours, D. J. O’Connell.”

From the Hon. Edward A. Moseley, Washington, D. C.: “I regret very much that it is impossible for me to attend the annual meeting of the American-Irish Historical Society. I really wish that the Society would have its next meeting in Washington; I believe it would be a good plan from every point of view. I had fully intended to get to the coming meeting on the 24th, but I went to Boston over the holidays, and the result is that I have as bad a cold as I ever had in my life, and I am afraid to leave Washington. Do have the next annual meeting in Washington, and I will contribute in every way to make it a success, and will devote myself to the work. With all cordial regards, sincerely yours, E. A. Moseley.”

=HISTORICAL NOTES AND PAPERS.=

IRISH ABILITY IN THE UNITED STATES.[2]

BY JAMES JEFFREY ROCHE, LL. D., BOSTON, MASS.

Footnote 2:

This paper appeared originally in the Boston Pilot.

The Irish race, both here and in the old world, has suffered so much in the way of misrepresentation at the hands of English and pro-English writers, its merits have been so minimized and its defects so magnified, that it is almost a hopeless task to attempt the refutation of even a tithe of the falsehoods.

It is only when a writer offers an easily accessible authority for his statements that the general reader can take the time and trouble, if so disposed, to investigate the reference and verify the accuracy or honesty of the author who professes to have quoted truly.

Mr. Henry Cabot Lodge has written, and the Century Magazine has published an article on “The Distribution of Ability in the United States,” in which he exalts the English race at the expense of some others, and depreciates the Irish race, with or without malice prepense, in a manner which is, to say the least, remarkable.

Mr. Lodge deals in some general statements easily susceptible of disproof, as when he says that “there was virtually no Irish immigration during the colonial period, and indeed none of consequence until the present century was well advanced.”

He offers no authority for this absurd statement; so it may be assumed that he ignorantly believes it true. Perhaps he also honestly believes in the race called “Scotch-Irish,” whom he defines as “descendants of the Scotch and English who settled in the North of Ireland.” Let these things pass. We are concerned only with the accuracy and honesty of Mr. Lodge’s quotations when he refers to a specific authority for facts and figures and professes to be governed by that authority.

In order to classify the distribution of “ability,” Mr. Lodge says that he “took Appleton’s Encyclopedia of American Biography in six volumes, one of the largest and most recent works upon the subject, and classified the persons mentioned therein who were citizens of the United States according to occupation, birthplace and race extraction.”

Mr. Lodge says that he found the work large and laborious. We can confirm that statement; for we also have taken the six volumes of Appleton’s and have gone conscientiously through the 14,000 and odd names therein recorded, to see if that otherwise valuable publication had really given the Irish race such an astonishingly poor record as Mr. Lodge’s tables show. We find that it has not. We find that Mr. Lodge and his authority differ so astoundingly, on almost every point, that his deductions are absolutely worthless because his statements are so utterly untrue.

In the matter of quantity, Appleton’s gives to the Irish race a list nearly one hundred per cent greater than Mr. Lodge professes to have found in its pages. On the score of quality, taking Mr. Lodge’s own test of merit, Appleton’s gives about 300 per cent more to the race than Mr. Lodge accords it.

Mr. Lodge classifies race by the paternal side alone, which is probably fair enough for practical purposes, and says:

“In a large number of cases, especially where the extraction is not English, the race stock is given in the dictionary. In a still larger number of instances the name and the place of birth furnish unmistakable evidence as to race. That error should be avoided in this classification is not to be expected, but I am perfectly satisfied that the race distribution is in the main correct. Such errors as exist tend, I think, here as elsewhere in these statistics, to balance one another, and the net result is, I believe, so substantially accurate as to have very real value, and to throw a great deal of light on what we owe in the way of ability to each of the various races who settled the United States.”

He counts as original settlers all who came to this country before the date of the adoption of the Constitution, A. D. 1789; those who came after that date are classified as “immigrants.” Taking the Encyclopedia as his authority, he examines the birth or race extraction of 14,243 persons therein named as having achieved sufficient distinction to deserve mention. As a result he finds that over 10,000 of the number should be credited to the “English” race.

It is not worth while to inquire into the accuracy of that estimate, since Mr. Lodge’s treatment of another race sufficiently disproves his claims to accuracy on any score.

In Tables “D” and “H,” covering respectively the original settlers and the immigrants, he gives the number of men of the Irish race who have achieved the distinction of a place in Appleton’s. Nowhere, apparently, is any allowance made either for the distinguished descendants of the original Irish settlers, distinguished or obscure themselves, nor for the distinguished children of undistinguished immigrants since 1789.

Charles Carroll of Carrollton is, we suppose, credited to the Irish of pre-Constitution days, and Thomas Addis Emmet to the “immigrant” class, but where does Mr. Lodge place the distinguished descendants of both? Where does he place the distinguished sons of obscure fathers, such men as Andrew Jackson and Robert Fulton? Certainly not among the race to which, according to Appleton, they belong, for they have no recognition in his “double star” table, to be described hereafter. Do they go to swell the ranks of the 10,000 English or those of the mixed and mythical “Scotch-Irish”?

What does he do with Philip Sheridan, who being neither an “immigrant” nor descended from pre-Constitution ancestors, is in a worse case than his namesake, Philip Nolan, being a “man without a race?” We cannot believe that Mr. Lodge ever intended committing such a palpable absurdity, because if carried to its logical conclusion, it would apply equally to distinguished men of all races. Mr. Lodge himself, for all that Appleton’s tells us to the contrary, never had a pre-Constitution ancestor, and has, therefore, no right to class himself among the 10,000 “English,” as he presumably does.

Mr. Lodge has a delightfully simple method of determining the relative values of great men. It is by noting how much of pictorial glory is awarded to each in the Encyclopedia. Persons whose biographical sketches are not illustrated with a portrait are not counted in at all.

Those who have a vignette portrait are classified as “single stars.” The truly great, who have full-page portraits, are called “double stars”—of these there are 58 among the whole 14,243.

Mr. Lodge confesses that encyclopediac fame is hardly just in giving double star honors to William Gilmore Simms and shutting out Hawthorne, Poe and Lowell, but Fame is notoriously capricious of her favors; which is why, perhaps, such authors as John Hay, T. W. Parsons, Theodore Roosevelt and many others are sent pictureless to posterity, while Mrs. E. D. E. N. Southworth and Mrs. Ann S. Stephens are immortalized in becoming wood-cuts. Mr. Lodge himself shines as a “single-star,” as does also Mr. E. P. Roe.

But even in his stellar classification Mr. Lodge makes a singular mistake, again on the wrong side of the Irish account. His “totals by race extraction” allow only one double star to “Irish.” Yet his cyclopedic authority has full-page steel engravings of the following six, all credited to the Irish race, without any hint of a mythical Scotch mixture: Chester A. Arthur, son of Rev. William Arthur of Antrim; John C. Calhoun, son of Patrick and grandson of James of Donegal; Robert Fulton, son of a Kilkenny man; Andrew Jackson, son of Andrew of Carrickfergus; James K. Polk, descendant of Irish Polk or “Pollock”; Philip H. Sheridan, race not mentioned but pretty well known.

Mr. Lodge is equally reckless of fact when he attempts to count the “single stars” of the Irish race. He finds only thirteen of these among the early settler class and eleven among the “immigrants”—twenty-four in all. Here are the names of sixty-five, given by Appleton’s, and not including such men of the Irish race as Lawrence Barrett, Lawrence and Philip Kearny, J. A. MacGahan, Commodore Macdonough and others, whose race is not specified in the cyclopedia:

Francis Barber John Barry Jas. G. Birney Johnston Blakeley Wm. O. Butler Henry C. Carey Charles Carroll of Carrollton John Carroll Thomas Conway Michael Corcoran Michael A. Corrigan David Crockett Andrew G. Curtin Charles P. Daly Thomas Addis Emmet James Gibbons Edward Hand Jas. Hillhouse John H. Hopkins John Hughes John Ireland Thomas Jones F. P. Kenrick John B. Kerfoot John A. Logan John J. Lynch John McCloskey Edward McGlynn Jas. McHenry Thomas McKean Alex. Macomb George G. Meade Richard Montgomery Alfred Moore John Nixon Fitz-James O’Brien Michael O’Connor Charles O’Conor P. H. O’Rorke Robert Patterson Leonidas Polk Andrew Porter Tyrone Power Wm. C. Preston Wm. D. Preston John Roach Stephen C. Rowan John Rutledge Patrick J. Ryan Jas. Shields Jas. Smith Samuel S. Smith Charles F. Smith Charles Stewart John Sullivan Jas. Sullivan George Taylor Hugh N. Thompson Launt Thompson Richard V. Whelan George W. Whistler J. A. MacN. Whistler Wm. P. Whyte Richard H. Wilde Henry Wilson

Following is Mr. Lodge’s tabulated misrepresentation of Irish ability according to his Tables “D” and “H,” but not according to the facts as given by Appleton’s:

Before 1789. After 1789. Total. Statesmen 9 13 22 Soldiers 18 19 37 Clergy 28 85 113 Lawyers 12 6 18 Physicians 2 2 4 Literature 17 22 39 Art 7 12 19 Science 3 6 9 Educators 0 7 7 Navy 4 4 8 Business 3 8 11 Philanthropy 4 4 8 Pioneers and Explorers 0 3 3 Inventors 0 0 0 Engineers 2 1 3 Architects 0 0 0 Musicians 0 1 1 Actors 0 7 7 ——— ——— ——— Total 109 200 309

Under the first head, “Statesmen,” Mr. Lodge “includes not only persons who have held public office, but all who as reformers, agitators, or in any other capacity have distinguished themselves in public affairs.” He allows nine statesmen to the Irish in his first list. His authority, Appleton’s Encyclopedia, is more liberal, giving them no less than thirty, including seven signers of the Declaration of Independence.

Not to answer assertion with mere counter-assertion, we have compiled the following list, from Appleton’s, including only such names as are specifically stated to belong to the Irish race, omitting all that are claimed as “Scotch-Irish,” and not even counting men of known Irish origin who are not so described in the cyclopedia.

In so doing we purposely leave out scores of Kellys, Butlers, Moores, Barrys, Boyles, etc. We do not wish to claim anything beyond the strict letter of Mr. Lodge’s authority, Appleton’s Encyclopedia. For every name in the following lists given by Appleton’s as Irish, but possibly of remoter Scotch or English origin, there will be found half a dozen other names in Appleton’s of obvious Celtic Irish origin which are not here included because not so specified in the cyclopedia. We are taking Mr. Lodge’s authority as such, in order to show how wildly he has departed from it. Following is the correct list compiled from Appleton’s:

STATESMEN.

Chester A. Arthur Robert W. Barnwell John S. Barry James G. Birney David C. Broderick Thomas Burke Pierce Butler John C. Calhoun Daniel Carroll John Lee Carroll Charles Carroll of Carrollton Eugene Casserly P. A. Collins John Conness Andrew G. Curtin Michael Farley William Findley Thos. Fitzgerald Benj. Fitzpatrick Thos. Fitzsimmons Andrew Gregg Joseph Haslett Alex. Henry John Hogan Andrew Jackson Charles W. Jones Edward Kavanagh Thomas Lewis C. Lyon Matthew Lyon Chris. Marshall Alex. Mebane Jas. McHenry Thos. McKean John McKinley John Montgomery T. P. Moore John Murphy Jas. K. Polk Thomas Polk William Polk David R. Porter Geo. B. Porter Francis Preston Jas. P. Preston Wm. B. Preston Wm. C. Preston George Read John M. Read John Reynolds Edward Rutledge John Rutledge William J. Sewell James Smith Robert Smith Samuel W. Smith John Smilie George Sullivan James Sullivan George Taylor Charles Thomson Matt. Thornton Michael Walsh R. H. Whitely William P. Whyte Henry Wilson

SOLDIERS.

T. P. Andrews Henry B. Armstrong John Armstrong John Armstrong Thomas J. Baird Francis Barber Robert Barnwell David B. Birney Fitzhugh Birney James G. Birney Andrew Brown Edw. Butler Edw. G. W. Butler Percival Butler Richard Butler Thomas Butler Thomas L. Butler William Butler William O. Butler Patrick R. Cleburne Patrick E. Connor Thomas Conway Michael Corcoran Robert T. Emmet John I. Gregg David M. Gregg Edward Hand John Haslett Armstrong Irvine Callender Irvine James Irvine William Irvine William N. Irvine Andrew Irwin Matthew Irwin R. H. Jackson Peter Keenan John C. Kelton Andrew Lewis Charles Lewis John L. Lewis William Lewis John A. Logan Alex. Macombe Maurice Maloney Hugh Maxwell Thompson Maxwell George McClure John E. McMahon Jas. P. McMahon Martin T. McMahon Stephen J. McGroarty G. J. G. McRee George Meade George G. Meade Thomas Francis Meagher John Mease Robert H. G. Minty “Captain Molly” Richard Montgomery James Moore James Morrison Stephen Moylan James A. Mulligan Francis Nichols Lewis Nichola William Nichols William A. Nichols John Nixon John O’Neill John P. J. O’Brien Patrick H. O’Rorke Robert Patterson F. A. Patterson Robert Patton Leonidas Polk Lucius E. Polk Andrew Porter Horace Porter Andrew Porter James Potter John S. Preston William Preston Thomas Proctor Griffith Rutherford Philip H. Sheridan James Shields Charles F. Smith John S. Smith Samuel Smith Thomas A. Smyth John Stark William Stark John Sullivan Jere. C. Sullivan Peter J. Sullivan Thomas W. Sweeny William Thompson William Thompson W. T. W. Tone Hugh Waddell John Whistler William Whistler J. W. G. Whistler Thomas L. Young

CLERGY (CATHOLIC).

John Barry D. Bradley George P. Brophy M. F. Burke John Q. Burke Andrew Byrne John Carroll L. Concanen John Connelly John J. Conroy Henry C. Conwell J. A. Corcoran Michael A. Corrigan Patrick F. Dealy T. J. Ducey James Dugan John Early Michael Egan John Elder William H. Elder John England Thomas Farrell James Fitton Edward Fitzgerald John B. Fitzpatrick Thomas Foley Thomas Galberry Hugh P. Gallagher James Gibbons M. Harkins Thomas F. Hendricken John Hennessey John J. Hennessey John J. Hogan John Hughes John Ireland John J. Keane Patrick Kelley F. P. Kenrick P. R. Kenrick James Keough John Loughlin P. A. Ludden John J. Lynch P. W. Lynch P. Manogue John McCloskey John McCloskey W. G. McCloskey John McElroy Edward McGlynn John McMullen F. McNeirney John Moore J. J. Moriarty P. E. Moriarty B. J. McQuade T. Mullen William Neligan E. O’Connell J. J. O’Connell John F. X. O’Connor J. O’Connor Michael O’Connor M. J. O’Farrell J. M. O’Gorman William O’Hara A. O’Reagan B. O’Reilly B. O’Reilly James O’Reilly John O’Reilly P. T. O’Reilly R. Phelan J. B. Purcell William Quarter John Quinlan William Quinn Patrick W. Riordan M. Ronayne James Ryan P. J. Ryan L. Scanlan R. Scannell Clement Smyth William Starrs John Twigg James Whelan Peter Whelan R. V. Whelan

CLERGY (PROTESTANT).

William Arthur John Brown William Butler Thomas Campbell George K. Dunlop John Glendy A. C. Garrett James Gray T. C. Henry J. H. Hopkins John H. Hopkins H. H. Kavanagh Hugh Knox James Latta E. D. MacMaster John Macnamara John W. Mafitt J. S. Maginnis A. McCaine A. P. McFerrin John B. McFerrin James McFerrin G. McMaster Edward Mitchell D. Moore T. Murphy J. Murray N. Murray John D. Ogilby Fred Ogilby J. O’Kelly R. Patterson W. Patton W. W. Patton S. Ralston William S. Rainsford S. Robinson E. Rutledge F. H. Rutledge John Scarborough John B. Smith R. Smith S. S. Smith T. Smyth Samuel Taggart Hugh M. Thompson Thomas R. Sullivan James Waddell Moses Waddell S. B. Wylie

LAWYERS.

G. B. Adrian W. T. S. Barry William Birnley George Bryan Aldanno Burke Edmund Burke John J. Burke Richard Busteed Pierce Butler James Campbell Charles P. Daley Edmund S. Dargan Daniel Dougherty Thomas A. Emmet Robert Emmet Thomas Addis Emmet James Hillhouse James A. Hillhouse William Hillhouse Samuel Hood William L. Houston Thomas Irwin David S. Jones P. H. Jones Thomas Jones Samuel Jones Samuel W. Jones William Killen Joshua Lewis O. A. Lochnane William Logan John V. Macmahon G. J. McRee Alfred Moore Alfred Moore Maurice Moore Charles O’Conor John B. O’Neall William Paterson Robert Patterson Thomas G. Polk William H. Polk J. M. Porter W. A. Porter Isaac T. Preston William Preston John Read John M. Read Hugh Rutledge E. G. Ryan George Shea Alex. Smyth William Stark A. C. Sullivan Jere. Sullivan John T. S. Sullivan A. M. Waddell Hugh Waddell Thomas Wilson

PHYSICIANS.

John Bell Charles Caldwell William H. Dudley Thomas A. Emmet Fred V. Hopkins Matthew Irvine Cornelius A. Logan James H. McClelland James McHenry William J. McNevin John Osborn John C. Osborn Robert M. Patterson William M. Polk Andrew W. Smyth John Watson

LITERATURE.

John Binns Joseph Brennan John Ross Browne John D. Burk Henry C. Cary William Cassidy Henry Hamilton Cox F. Marion Crawford Jere. Curtin Eleanor C. Donnelly Ignatius Donnelly M. F. Egan Kate Field Matthew Field William D. Gallagher Henry Giles Francis Glass E. L. Godkin William Grimshaw Louise I. Guiney Charles G. Halpine Moses Harvey Hugh J. Hastings James A. Hillhouse Aug. L. Hillhouse Caspar T. Hopkins William A. Jones Robert D. Joyce Henry F. Keenan Thomas Kinsella Celia Logan Cornelius A. Logan James A. MacMaster Henry N. Martin Edward Maturin Justin McCarthy R. Shelton McKenzie John O’Kane Murray Fitz-James O’Brien E. O. B. O’Callaghan Thomas O’Connor William D. O’Connor Daniel K. O’Donnell Theodore O’Hara Henry O’Reilly John Boyle O’Reilly John Osborne John Reade Mayne Reid William E. Robinson James Jeffrey Roche Abram J. Ryan Mary A. Sadlier William Sampson John Savage Charles D. Shanly John A. Shea John D. G. Shea Richard Smith Caleb Stark William Stuart Margaret A. F. Sullivan William Sullivan Louis F. Tasistro Robert Walsh William S. Walsh D. P. Warden Robert Watts R. H. Wilde William Wright

ART.

D. M. Carter Thomas Crawford P. P. Duggan Rosina Emmet W. M. Fisher Aug. Saint Gaudens Louis Saint Gaudens James Hamilton W. J. Hennessey Thomas Hovenden Charles C. Ingham J. E. Kelly William McGrath Joseph Milmore Martin Milmore John F. Murphy Hugh Newell William A. O’Donovan Launt Thompson

SCIENCE.

Robert Adrain John Cassin John P. Emmet G. Macloskie J. W. Mallett Charles Marshall T. O. C. Sloane M. Twomey Daniel Vaughn

EDUCATORS.

William Byrne William H. Maxwell Robert Milligan Patrick F. Mullany M. A. Newell Cornelius M. O’Leary Robert B. Patton James Ryder Richard Sterling Robert E. Thompson Michael Walsh James Waddell John Waddell Theo. A. Wilson

NAVY.

John Barry Johnston Blakely John Cassin Stephen Cassin Thomas A. Dornin Henry Eagle William H. Macomb John M. Maffit Richard W. Meade Matthew Mease Richard W. Meade Jeremiah O’Brien John O’Brien Richard O’Brien William O’Brien George C. Read Thomas Read Stephen C. Rowan James I. Waddell

BUSINESS.

Patrick Barry Alex. Brown George Brown John A. Brown James Brown William Brown John Burnside Mathew Carey Mathew Carey John Dunlop James G. Fair James C. Flood Hugh Gaine Alex. Henry E. A. Hopkins John D. Jones W. R. Jones George P. Kane Alex. Macomb B. MacMahon George Meade R. W. Meade J. McHenry James Murphy J. M. Nesbitt William Niblo Hugh O’Brien William S. O’Brien M. Phelan Oliver Pollock John Roach T. L. Rutledge T. L. Preston Samuel Sloan Luke Tiernan

PHILANTHROPISTS.

W. W. Corcoran John C. Drumgoole Sister Euphemia Margaret Haughery Sister Mary A. Horan Robert Kelley William Kelley Sr. S. Teresa Lalor Mary McHenry Robert McKim John G. Shortall George H. Stuart

PIONEERS.

Patrick Breen David Crockett Simon Kenton Benj. Logan Robert Strawbridge

INVENTORS.

Paul Boyton Robert M. Dalzell Robert Fulton

ENGINEERS.

Thomas A. Emmet John L. Sullivan George W. Whistler George W. Whistler

MUSICIANS.

P. S. Gilmore Charles J. Hopkins

ARCHITECTS.

[3]None

Footnote 3:

Many eminent architects are, of course, to be credited to men of Irish blood in this country, but it must be remembered that we are now dealing solely with a certain edition of a certain encyclopedia.

ACTORS.

Lawrence Barrett Dion Boucicault John Brougham John Drew John Duff John H. Dwyer Joseph M. Field William J. Florence John Henry Matilda Heron Eliza Logan Olive Logan William C. Macready John E. McCullough Tyrone Power Ada Rehan John T. Raymond Barney Williams

Mr. Lodge is right, i. e., he follows his authority honestly in giving practically the correct number of names belonging to the departments of Art, Science and Architecture, and these alone.

It is worth noting that, if the Irish are conspicuous by their absence from the last named, they are gloriously prominent in the first. The race which has given to America, Crawford, Milmore, Kelly, St. Gaudens, Thompson, Hennessey, O’Donovan and as many more, has contributed at least its share to the glory of the country in that department.

The corrected figures, not according to Mr. Lodge, but according to the authority from which Mr. Lodge professed to have taken his own are, therefore, as follows. We give first the summary of the Lodge tables and then that of Appleton’s cyclopedia. They speak for themselves:

According to Mr. Lodge. According to his authority. Statesmen 22 67 Soldiers 37 107 Clergy 113 140 Lawyers 18 59 Physicians 4 16 Literature 39 70 Art 19 19 Science 9 9 Educators 7 14 Navy 8 19 Business 11 35 Philanthropy 8 12 Pioneers and Explorers 3 5 Inventors 0 3 Engineers 3 4 Architects 0 0 Musicians 1 2 Actors 7 18 ——— ——— 309 599

The true figures are almost twice as large as those of Mr. Lodge, and are far from representing the great total of Irish ability contributed to the United States, but not acknowledged in the cyclopedia.

Mr. Lodge must plead guilty to one of two charges. Either he has deliberately misrepresented the facts, or he is so careless or incompetent that he can neither count nor quote within 50 per cent of the truth.

EMIGRATION FROM NEW ENGLAND TO IRELAND.

From Prendergast’s Cromwellian Settlement of Ireland.

Prendergast’s Cromwellian Settlement of Ireland says: “Ireland was now like an empty hive, prepared to receive its new swarm. One of the earliest efforts of the government towards replanting the parts reserved to themselves was to turn towards the lately expatriated English in America. In the early part of the year 1651, when the country, by their own description to the Council of State, was a scene of unparalleled waste and ruin, the Commissioners for Ireland affectionately urged Mr. Harrison, then a minister of the Gospel in New England, to come over to Ireland, which he would find experimentally was a comfortable seed plot (so they said) for his labours.

“On his return to New England, it was hoped he might encourage those whose hearts the Lord should stir up to look back again towards their native country, to return and plant in Ireland. There they should have freedom of worship, and the (mundane) advantages of convenient lands, fit for husbandry, in healthful air, near to maritime towns or secure places, with such encouragement from the state as should demonstrate that it was their chief care to plant Ireland with a godly seed and generation.

“Mr. Harrison was unable to come; but some movement appears to have been made towards a plantation from America, as proposals were received in January, 1655, for the planting of the town of Sligo and lands thereabouts, with families from New England; and lands on the Mile line, together with the two little islands called Oyster Island and Coney Island (containing 200 acres), were leased for one year, from 10th of April, 1655, for the use of such English families as should come from New England in America, in order to their transplantation.

“In 1656 several families, arriving from New England at Limerick, had the excise of tobacco brought with them for the use of themselves and families remitted; and other families in May and July of that year, who had come over from New England to plant, were received as tenants of state lands near Garristown, in the county of Dublin, about fifteen miles north of the capital.”

STEPHEN JACKSON, A PROVIDENCE, R. I., SETTLER.

From a Publication of the Rhode Island Historical Society, October, 1894.

Stephen Jackson of Providence, R. I., was born in 1700, in Kilkenny, Ireland. He came to America, it is said, in 1724, to escape political persecution. He married, 1725, August 15, Anne Boone, daughter of Samuel and Mary Boone, of North Kingstown, R. I. He hired land in Providence in 1745, and at this period is called “schoolmaster.” He bought and sold several parcels of land subsequently. In 1762, he and his son, Samuel, bought of Stephen Hopkins, land on the new street, called Benefit Street, where they were then living. Stephen Jackson died, 1765, July 22, and was buried in the North burial ground. His wife, Anne, was born, 1709, September 18. She died at Pomfret, Conn., 1782, January 30.

Stephen and Anne (Boone) Jackson had children as follows:

1. George, b. 1727; m. Lydia Harris, daughter of Toleration and Sarah (Foster) Harris. He died 1769, March 1. His will mentions wife Lydia, daughter Lydia and son Joseph. He was a “noted commander.”

2. Samuel, b. 1729; d. 1811, Sept. 6.

3. David, b. ; m. Deborah Field, 1751, Oct. 9.

4. Richard, b. 1731, May 10; m. Susan Waterman, 1760, Dec. 31, daughter of Nathan and Phebe (Smith) Waterman. He died 1818, Dec. 29. His seven children’s births are upon record. His son, Nathan W., was many years town clerk; Stephen was cashier of Exchange Bank; and Richard was President of Washington Insurance Company. (Richard, Jr.’s son Charles was Governor of Rhode Island.)

5. Anne, b. 1736, May 12; d. 1753, Nov. 20.

6. Judith, b. 1738, Nov.; m. Simeon Thayer, 1759, Feb. 7. She died 1771, April 28.

7. Mary, b. ; m. Ezekiel Burr, 1759, Nov. 7, son of David and Sarah.

8. Elizabeth, b. 1743, May 23; m. William Lanksford, 1766, April 21. She died 1812, Jan. 27.

9. Susannah, b. ; d. 1772, June.

10. Thomas, b. 1747; m. Mary Brown, 1778, Sept. 14, daughter of Richard. He died 1807, March 17. His widow’s will (in 1834) mentions son Samuel, grandchildren, etc.

11. Sally, b. 1753; m. Tilly Merrick Olney, 1772, Feb., daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Mawney) Olney. She died 1785, Sept.

12. Nancy, b. 1756, Nov. 8; m. (1) John Angell, 1785, April 3; m. (2) Simeon Thayer; m. (3) Darius Daniels. She died 1803, March 9.

The above is not contributed as by any means a complete record, but simply as suggestive, and to save some stray memoranda, part of them found in archives of R. I. Historical Society.

Query (A). Is there not a manuscript account of this family in existence, and if so, where?

Query (B). Was Daniel Jackson, who was born in Boston, but who lived in Providence, a relative of this family? His record was as follows:

Daniel Jackson, b. 1742, April 2; m. Roby Hawkins, 1765, Nov. 4. He died 1806, May 21. His will mentions children Samuel, John T. (father of Daniel, Ephraim and Benjamin M., etc.), Benjamin M., Amey (wife of Bernon Dun), Ruth (wife of Lewis Bosworth), and Polly.

THE AFFAIR AT FORT WILLIAM AND MARY.

BY THE REV. THOMAS GREGORY.

Just before sunset on the afternoon of December 13, 1774, Paul Revere jumped from his foam-covered steed in front of a house in Durham, New Hampshire, rushed in and informed its owner, Major John Sullivan, that two regiments of British regulars were about to march from Boston to occupy Portsmouth and the fort in its harbor. In an instant Sullivan made up his mind as to what it was his duty to do, and within less than two hours he had gathered his force and was ready for business.

The party, sixteen in number, boarded an unwieldy, sloop-rigged old craft and darted off down the river to Portsmouth. It was a clear, cold moonlight night, and presently the crude masonry of old Fort William and Mary loomed up in the distance, reminding them of the fact that they were close on to their quarry. When within a rod or so of the shore their vessel grounded in the shallow water, and in silence they waded to land, mounted the fort, surprised the garrison and found themselves victorious without the loss of a man or even of a drop of blood.

Securing the prisoners, the patriots at once broke into the magazine, where they found one hundred pounds of powder. The powder, along with one hundred stand of small arms, was put aboard of their craft and taken back to Durham, where it was buried under the pulpit of the old meeting-house in front of Major Sullivan’s house.

Six months later the battle of Bunker Hill came off, and it was this same powder, captured by Major Sullivan at Fort William and Mary, that enabled the Americans to kill so many of the British in that historic encounter. Powder was exceedingly scarce in the patriot army, and Sullivan, anticipating that such might be the case, filled “old John Demerett’s ox-cart” with the powder he had buried under Parson Adams’ pulpit and sent it over the sixty-odd miles of rocky road to Boston, where it was destined to do such good service in the cause of liberty.

It was the news of Sullivan’s capture of Fort William and Mary that precipitated the Revolution. After such a daring deed Lexington was a foregone conclusion. In the words of another, “Sullivan was the first man in active rebellion against the British government, and he drew with him the province he lived in.” In an address on the history of this part of New Hampshire, Rev. Quint, of Dover, referring to the attack on the fort, said: “The daring character of the assault cannot be over-estimated. It was an organized investment of a royal fortress where the king’s flag was flying and where the king’s garrison met them with muskets and artillery. It was four months before Lexington, and Lexington was resistance to attack, while this was deliberate assault.”

DOMINICK LYNCH AND HIS FAMILY.

Compiled from Various Sources.

Dominick Lynch was a member of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick, New York, as early as 1786; a prominent merchant; was of the firm Lynch & Stoughton, New York. A biographical sketch of Mr. Lynch was published some years ago in the American Catholic Historical Researches. It was written by Richard H. Clarke, LL. D., and treated the subject at great length. According to Dr. Clarke, Mr. Lynch was born in Galway, Ireland, in 1754.

He married his cousin, Jane Lynch, a native of Dublin. Shortly after, Dominick and his wife went to reside at Bruges, in Flanders, where he established a commercial house, a branch of his father’s in Galway. He amassed a handsome fortune in Bruges and three of his children were born there. While engaged in business in Bruges he became acquainted with Don Thomas Stoughton, a merchant having commercial relations with France and Spain. Eventually, Lynch and Stoughton formed a co-partnership for the purpose of conducting business in America. The articles of co-partnership were dated March 10, 1783; the capital agreed upon was £7,500, of which amount Lynch furnished £5,000 and Stoughton, £2,500.

HON. GEORGE F. O’NEIL,

A LIFE MEMBER OF THE SOCIETY. ]

Stoughton, in pursuance of the agreement, came to New York City and opened the business house of Lynch & Stoughton. Lynch visited London and Galway, and in 1785 sailed for America, reaching New York June 20 of that year. Stoughton was a bachelor, and Mr. and Mrs. Lynch, their three children and a number of servants, went to reside with him. Later, Stoughton was made Spanish consul at New York. Eventually, differences broke out between the partners, the firm was dissolved and each member sued the other. These two suits in chancery, Stoughton vs. Lynch and Lynch vs. Stoughton, were tried before Chancellor Kent and after pending for over twenty years, were finally decided adverse to Lynch.

The latter had to pay Stoughton, besides fines and costs, $25,076. After the dissolution of the firm, Lynch retired in affluent circumstances largely on account of the wealth he had amassed in Bruges. It was said of him in New York that “he dispensed a bountiful and refined hospitality.” He was an earnest Catholic, gave liberally of his means to forward church work and was one of the representative men who signed the “Catholic Address” to George Washington. It is said of Lynch that upon arriving in New York, in 1785, he brought a large amount of specie with him and the advent of a man with such extensive financial resources created quite a stir. He was at one time offered, for what would today be considered a ridiculously small sum, a farm of twenty acres near City Hall, New York.

He declined to buy the property, but with the same amount of money purchased 697 acres near Fort Stanwix on the Mohawk River. Before the year 1800 he had increased his holdings there to about 2,000 acres. As early as 1796, he laid this property out in village lots, and called the place Lynchville. Later, he changed the name to Rome, perhaps in honor of the Eternal City. Between the years 1800 and 1820, he built a woolen mill, a cotton factory and a saw-mill at Rome, which place he had founded. It is said that the southeast corner of Fort Stanwix was levelled to make room for a mansion erected by him. In 1797, Dominick purchased an estate in West Chester County, N. Y., bordering Long Island Sound. Here he built a magnificent stone residence after the style of chateaus he had seen in Flanders. This was his home for the remainder of his life. He continued to dispense “munificent hospitality, took a leading part in the social events of the metropolis, and manifested to the end a zealous and active zeal in the growth of the Catholic church in New York.”

He died in 1825 and his widow in 1849. At his death his children were thirteen in number, i. e.—James, Anastasia, Anthony, Dominick, Alexander, Margaret, Jasper, Jane, Henry, Harriet, Louisa, Edward and William. By the marriage of these children, the family has become allied with many of the old families of New York and Pennsylvania, including the Tillotsons, Shippens, Leas, Laurences, Nortons, Luquers, Pringles, Maitlands, Harveys, Ridgways, etc. James Lynch, the oldest of Dominick’s thirteen children, resided in Rome, N. Y., represented Oneida County in the state legislature for several years, and was later a judge of the Court of Sessions, and of the Marine, now City, Court, of New York. Dominick Lynch, 2d, at the time of, and after, his father’s death became a prominent merchant in New York City. This second Dominick was spoken of as “the most fashionable man in New York.” He made quite a reputation as proprietor of Lynch’s Chateau Margeaux, Lynch’s Sauterne and Lynch’s Lucca Oil. It is said of him that he “coined money and spent it with the freedom of a prince,” and that he “went into the best society.” He resided on Greenwich Street “opposite the Battery.” He died in 1844. He “was a Roman Catholic as his father had been.”

Dominick Lynch, 3d, grandson of the first Dominick, was a man of great public spirit, an elegant conversationalist and the possessor of musical talents. He became a naval officer, served under Perry in the Mexican war, and was also in the Civil War. He died in 1884. Dominick Lynch, 4th, was a lieutenant in the Fourth U. S. Cavalry and died some years ago. Speaking of the Lynches and others, Barrett’s Old Merchants of New York City says: “These Irish families are the cream of the cream of the old families here.”

A SHIP FROM IRELAND IS CAST AWAY.

The ship Alknomac sailed from the river of Sligo, Ireland, in October, 1811, with 79 passengers. After a passage of 73 days she was cast away at Martha’s Vineyard, Mass. The passengers and crew were rescued and spent nine days there. Captain Hicks, who commanded the Alknomac, at length provided a sloop in which the passengers embarked for New York. Unfavorable weather continuing, the sloop was driven ashore at Newport, R. I., December 24, 1811, where passengers and crew were again landed. The New York Shamrock, describing the incident, says: “Commodore Rodgers was on the Newport station when 79 Irish passengers were landed from a wrecked vessel. He humanely tendered the hand of hospitality and liberally provided them with every necessary to enable them to proceed to New York, the port of their original destination. Eight of the passengers who have come by land were supplied with money, and the others who remained waiting for a passage by water, received money, provisions and every necessary aid from the American commander.”

INCIDENT OF AN EXPEDITION UNDER GEN. JOHN SULLIVAN.

BY G. FRANK RADWAY, UTICA, N. Y.

Otsego Lake, in central New York, possesses not only the charm of romance due to the pen of Fenimore Cooper, but also an historical interest. In the year 1779 an expedition was sent against the hostile Indians around Lake Cayuga. A brigade under the command of Gen. James Clinton, the brother of George Clinton and father of DeWitt Clinton (each of whom held the office of governor of New York at one time), went up the Mohawk and then cut across through the forest, to the head of the Otsego, finally encamping at the foot of the lake.

The Susquehanna at its source is a very narrow stream and did not permit the floating of the 220 boats brought along by the troops. An ingenious plan was devised to overcome this difficulty. The small gorge through which the river flows as it leaves the lake was dammed, thereby collecting the waters. When a sufficient amount had been collected, the troops embarked, the dam was knocked out, and the boats were carried by the flood to a point near Tioga, where the brigade joined the forces under General Sullivan. It is said that the Indians along the banks, beholding the overflow of the river in summer, without any apparent reason, thought that it was an interposition of the Great Spirit, and fled in terror. The site of the dam has been suitably marked by the Otsego Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution.

IRISH BUILDERS OF THE WHITE HOUSE.

BY MARTIN I. J. GRIFFIN, PHILADELPHIA, PA.

Not only were Catholics—L’Enfant, the Frenchman, and Dermott, the Irishman—the planners of the Federal City, Washington, but a Catholic, James Hoban, a native of Ireland, was the architect and builder of the president’s palace, as it was first called, the president’s house as later designated, but better known as the White House.

Hoban was born in Kilkenny, Ireland, in 1758. When only twenty-two years old he won a medal from the Dublin Society for “drawings of brackets, stairs, roof, etc.” It is now in possession of his grandson, James Hoban, of Washington. He came to this country after the revolution and soon became known as an architect and builder.

When, in 1791, Washington visited South Carolina, writes Mr. Griffin, Colonel Laurens and others recommended to him the abilities as an architect and the executive worth of James Hoban, the Kilkenny Irishman, who had, since his arrival, added to the growth and adornment of the neighborhood by the exercise of that skill and ingenuity which the new country so much needed.

Mr. Hoban went to Washington city and submitted to the commissioners a plan for the president’s palace. His plan was accepted immediately and without hesitation after a view of the drawings which were submitted.

Hoban’s plan of the president’s palace being adopted, the selection of the site on which to erect it required the personal attention of Washington himself. So on August 2, 1792, the commissioners and President Washington “viewed the ground, particularly at the place for the palace. It has given him considerable trouble and difficulty to fix his mind,” wrote the commissioners.

Hoban’s design of the president’s house contemplated a central building with wings. The central portion was executed according to his designs and under his supervision (we are told he received 300 guineas a year for his services)—both before and after the damage by the British in 1814. The north portico was not completed until 1820, and then according to Hoban’s plan. Its popular name of the White House is due to his thought of painting the brownstone fronting the exterior walls to conceal the discoloration by smoke and fire.

Cornelius McDermott Roe, Patrick McDermott Roe and John Delahunty had the contract for all the brick and stone work on the president’s house for one season, and John Kearney did all the plastering on the capitol.

Thus far in our investigations we have found that a Catholic was one of the commissioners; that two Catholics planned the city; that a Catholic designed and built the president’s house and also superintended the erection of the capitol, which three Catholics contracted to build, and another did the plastering, while Patrick Whalen dug the cellar. Surely Irish Catholics seem to have had a goodly share in the foundation of the Capital City.

Mr. Hoban died on December 9, 1831, and was buried in St. Patrick’s Cemetery. In May, 1863, his grandson and namesake, James Hoban, Esq., purchased a lot in Mount Olivet Cemetery, near Washington, and the remains of James Hoban and others of the family were removed thereto.

COL. FRANCIS BARBER, A SOLDIER OF THE REVOLUTION.

BY JAMES L. O’NEILL, ELIZABETH, N. J.

Patrick Barber was born in County Longford, Ireland, and was the father of Col. Francis Barber, who was a gallant soldier of the American Revolution. The colonel himself was born (1751) in Princeton, N. J., and long resided in Elizabethtown, N. J.

The father, Patrick, had come over in the same ship with Clinton. They are said to have been kinsmen. After a perilous voyage lasting some four months, they finally reached New York, where Clinton remained, Barber continuing on to Princeton, N. J.

Patrick Barber resided in Princeton for years and here were born four of his sons—Francis, John, William and Joseph. Col. Francis Barber graduated from Princeton College after securing for himself a distinguished reputation for his classical attainments. As we may infer from the character of Elizabethtown’s first settlers, much attention was paid to the subject of education by the people. And to this we may attribute the strong influence which for a long time it maintained in the province. We find in 1767, a Mr. Pemberton and a Mr. Reeves at the head of a school. In 1769, they left the institution and Francis Barber was appointed to fill the vacancy. He continued in the position until the commencement of the war, a period when teachers and many scholars left the quiet pursuits of science and rushed to arms for the defence of the country.

In 1776, Mr. Barber received from Congress a commission as major of the Third Battalion of New Jersey troops, and at the close of the year he was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Third Jersey Regiment. Subsequently, he became assistant inspector-general under Baron Steuben, who expressed a high opinion of his ability and services. Colonel Barber was in constant service during the whole war. With his regiment he served under General Schuyler at the north. He was at the battles of Ticonderoga, Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Germantown and Monmouth, and came near losing his life in the latter.

He was at one time adjutant-general under Sullivan. He served with distinction in the Wyoming Valley and Indian troubles. He was actively engaged in the battle of Springfield. In 1781, he was at the capture of the British army at Yorktown. Colonel Barber, although not more than thirty years at his death, had twice married, one of his helpmates, being the daughter of Moses Ogden, whose residence was the old town home that still stands on the north side of Elizabeth Avenue below Reed Street.

So close was his friendship with Lafayette that they exchanged swords. The sword Lafayette gave Barber is now in the Washington headquarters at Newburgh, N. Y., while the one Barber gave in exchange is preserved in Paris. Speaking of men noted in the military world, a few years ago, General Stryker, president of the Society of the Cincinnati, at the meeting of that organization, which was attended by William P. Barber, said that he considered Colonel Barber an ideal soldier. W. P. Barber is a great great-grandson of Colonel Barber. Colonel Barber was the tutor of Alexander Hamilton.

GEN. PHELPS MONTGOMERY.

New Haven, Conn.

A MEMBER OF THE SOCIETY. ]

After having escaped the dangers of the many military campaigns, Colonel Barber was finally killed, 1783, by a most peculiar accident. Just after peace had been declared, General Washington summoned all his officers to meet him at his headquarters in Newburgh. Colonel Barber was on his way there, and but a few miles distant, when he came upon a gang of men chopping down trees in a piece of woods. One of the men called to him in a warning tone to stop his horse, just as a tree had started to topple over in his path. The chopper thought the tree was going to fall another way, but it struck and killed the unsuspecting officer, who realized his danger too late to save himself. Had he been allowed to go on without stopping, a life of such inestimable value to his country would without doubt have been saved. He was a fine scholar, a skillful and brave officer and rendered great and important services to his country.

CONCERNING THE IRISH MONTGOMERYS.

In the New York Herald, September 10, 1905, is a statement by “L. W., London, England,” giving many details of interest concerning the ancestry and family of Gen. Richard Montgomery. The statement appears in the genealogical department of the Herald, of that date, which department is conducted by Mrs. Clara H. Manning. The statement is in answer to a correspondent and is as follows:

“H. W. N.’s family tradition is at fault. Gen. Richard Montgomery had no sister Elizabeth. His only sister was Sarah, wife of Charles Jones, fourth Viscount Planelagh, and mother of thirteen children. General Montgomery had brothers, John and Alexander. John died unmarried in Lisbon, 1786. His administration is in the Prerogative Court of Ireland. Alexander, the brother, was captain in the Forty-third Regiment and member of the Irish Parliament for County Donegal; died unmarried September 29, 1800. His will is in the Prerogative Court of Ireland. Lady Planelagh and her three brothers were the children of Thomas Montgomery, of Swords, near Dublin, eldest son of Alexander Montgomery, of Ballyleek, who married Mary Francklyn.

“Thomas Montgomery had several brothers and sisters. His brother, Robert, of Brandram, County Monaghan, married Sarah Maxwell. This is the nearest Maxwell connection. Thomas had many cousins. Ulster has many Montgomerys of other lines. It is said the Earl of Mount Alexander could ride at the head of a regiment all Montgomerys. At one time in the Irish Parliament were six Montgomerys all over six feet in height and the handsomest men in Dublin.... By far [one of] the most noted family of modern times is that of the Montgomerys of Grey Abbey, County Down, a famous military stock.

“For all this they have a pedigree made in the eighteenth century to take them on to the famous old Grey Abbey stock of the early Ulster settlement. As a fact, they are descended from a thrifty yeoman who purchased Grey Abbey after the old stock had died out. No American Montgomerys can prove any near connection with either the Montgomerys of Ballyleek or the Earls of Mount Alexander. The nearest probable American connection is not of the Montgomery name, being that of the descendants of Thomas Patterson, who emigrated from County Donegal to Philadelphia at the time of the Irish rebellion. Thomas Patterson was grandson of Alleriah Montgomery, said by tradition to be a cousin of the general. Her marriage certificate in the diocese of Raphoe indicates her as coming from the vicinity of the general’s family, being about his age and not belonging to any other of the Montgomery families in that part of Ireland.”

HEROES OF MONTGOMERY’S ARMY.

In the city of Quebec, Canada, is a tablet on which is inscribed the following:

Within this building and directly Beneath this tablet repose The remains of thirteen soldiers of General Montgomery’s army, Who were killed in the assault on Quebec Dec. 31st, 1775. Placed to their memory by several American children.

A GLANCE AT SOME PIONEER IRISH IN THE SOUTH.

BY MICHAEL J. O’BRIEN, NEW YORK CITY.

No section of the Union presents a wider or more diversified field for historical inquiry than the Carolinas and Virginia.

All the territory from the Delaware River south to Cape Fear was named “Virginia” by the English, and it is generally supposed that it was in the present state of Virginia the earliest colonists landed. It was, however, the Indians of North Carolina who were the first to set eyes on the white men who came to America with the famous navigator, Sir Walter Raleigh, in the year 1584.

Among these first-comers to the Carolinas Irishmen are found, and in the resistance to the authority and encroachments of the British organized in that section many years later, the sons of Erin and their descendants are recorded as having played an honorable and prominent part.

In Hakluyt’s Voyages, Navigations, Traffiques and Discouveries of the English Nation are found some interesting facts relating to the first voyages of the English, under Raleigh and his lieutenants, to the western world. Richard Hakluyt was one of those who accompanied Raleigh on his first voyage of discovery in 1584. His Voyages and Discouveries, now a work of extreme rarity (it was published in London over 300 years ago), is by all odds the most celebrated book ever written on the subject, and forms the basis of all true history of the colonization of the Carolinas and Virginia. It is printed in the old English text of the sixteenth century, which renders its examination a task as laborious as it is interesting. The writer has examined the copy of this famous work in the Astor Library, and we are sure our readers will be interested in learning something of its contents at this stage.

The second voyage was undertaken by Sir Richard Greenville in the year 1585. The company comprised 107 persons. Hakluyt’s great work (page 254, volume 3) contains “an account of the particulars of the employments of the Englishmen left in Virginia by Sir Richard Greenville under the charge of Master Ralph Lane, general of the same, from August 17, 1585, to June 18, 1586.”

It will be observed that Greenville refers to “the Englishmen left in Virginia.” This would lead the ordinary reader to the conclusion that the expedition was comprised of Englishmen only, but such an assumption would be erroneous. In those days Ireland had a merchant marine of her own, and the ships which sailed from Irish ports, and indeed not a few of those whose home ports were in England, were manned by Irish seamen. (See Marmion’s Maritime Ports of Ireland.) What more natural, therefore, than to expect that Irish names should be found among the lists of these “Englishmen?” All of the early histories of the southern colonies refer to the first settlers as English. No suggestion is ever made, as far as the writer can find, that these first-comers may not all have been English, or that any Irish people were amongst them. Yet it is a fact that Irishmen came too in search of adventure, and no better testimony in support of that assertion can be adduced than the lists of the names of the persons who came on these colonizing expeditions.

Here are some of the names from Greenvilles’ list, as they were written down at the time: Edward Kelley, R. Courtney, Hugh Rogers, Thomas Fox, Darby “Glande,” Edward Nugent, John “Costigo” (Costigan), James Lafie, Francis Norris, Richard Moore, Richard Ireland, Matthew Lyne, Dennis Barnes, “Denice” Carroll, Robert Young, Thomas Hesket, Richard Humphrey and R. Griffin. Many of these, undoubtedly, were natives of Ireland. This is said to have been the first English colony that settled in America, the previous expedition having returned with its entire company.

They entered Pamlico Sound from the Atlantic by what is now known as New Inlet, and then landed at Roanoke Island, thence crossed over to the mainland to the eastern portion of North Carolina, just south of Norfolk, Va. They followed the course of the Chowan River for a short distance, and soon came in contact with the Indians. Hakluyt’s work contains an interesting narrative of the voyage and of the explorations of the party in Virginia, written by Ralph Lane, in which long accounts are given of their encounters with the savage Indians. In his account of one fight, on the first of June, 1586, he refers to the bravery of “one of my Irish boys,” who shot Pemisapan, the king of the Indians, “athwart the buttocks with my petronell.” The Irish boy’s shot did not, however, bring down the Indian king, and the wily redskin, with a number of his warriors, managed to escape into the dense forest.

But then, another Irishman, who was not afraid to face the Indian band singlehanded, was there to finish the work of the youthful adventurer from Erin, “for,” writes Lane, “in the end an Irishman serving me, one Nugent, and the deputy provost undertook him”—that is to say, volunteered to capture or kill the Indian king—“and I, in some doubt lest we had lost both the king and my man, by our own negligence to have been intercepted by the savages, we met him returning out of the woods with Pemisapan’s head in his hands.”

The place where the bold Irishman, Edward Nugent, and the nameless youth thus earned such prominent mention in early American history has been located as in Chowan County, near the present town of Edenton, N. C.

It seems that in all of the early voyages of the English to the American continent the adventurous Irishman was present. On Raleigh’s first voyage the largest ship was commanded by a Captain Butler, and Captain Edward Hayes commanded a vessel in the expedition of Sir H. Gilbert to Newfoundland in 1583. Sixteen years earlier, 1567, Robert Barrett and John Garrett commanded ships in the expedition to Mexico under Sir John Hawkins. There is nothing to show that these captains were of the Irish nation, but their names have been for centuries so common in Ireland that we venture to include them in this category.

In 1568, when Hawkins arrived in the Gulf of Mexico, he put ashore a company comprising 68 men under Miles Philips, a little north of Panuco. From the curiously-worded narrative of Miles Philips, entitled “The voyages from Panuco, thence to Mexico, and afterwards to sundry other places, having remained in the counterey 15 or 16 yeeres together, and noted many things most worthy of observation,” which is contained in Hakluyt’s third volume, we glean some interesting information.

The whole company was captured by a band of Indians and Spaniards, and immediately haled before the governor, who “visited them with the terrors of the Inquisition.” John Gray, John and Thomas Browne, John Mooney, James Collier and John Rider were sentenced to receive 200 lashes on horseback and to serve eight years in the galleys; others of the company received various terms of servitude, while others were condemned to serve as servants or slaves in the monasteries. Three were condemned to be burned to ashes, and the inhuman sentence was carried out in the market place of the City of Mexico on the day preceding Good Friday in the year 1575.

The three unfortunates were George Riuely (Reilly), Peter Momfrie and “Cornelius.” Philips was unacquainted with the full name of the latter, but in order to distinguish him from another of the party who bore the same Christian name, he refers to him as “Cornelius the Irishman.” In relating the circumstances of his subsequent escape, Philips stated that several of the adventurers, after the expiration of their terms of servitude, remained in Mexico, married native women, and some prospered in the new country.

The same volume of Hakluyt (page 286) contains the story of “The Fourth Voyage, made to Virginia in 1587, wherein was transported the Second Colony,” written by the commander, Captain John White. The narrative runs in part:

“On the first day of July (1587) we weighed anchor at Musketo’s Bay, upon the fourth side of St. John’s Island, where were left behind two Irishmen of our company, Darbie Glaven and Dennis Carrell, thence bearing along the coast of St. John’s till evening.” The vessels anchored in the bay for the purpose of securing a supply of salt, which Simon Fernando, who was with Raleigh on the first expedition, had informed White could be procured on the island. The two hardy Irishmen, Glaven and Carrell, were selected to go ashore and procure the necessary supply. They proceeded inland, but, during their absence, Fernando, for some reason that does not appear, persuaded the commander to weigh anchor, and before the two unfortunates had returned to the shore, the vessels were far on their way. It would be interesting if we could follow the fortunes of the two Irish castaways among the Indians of the Danish West Indies, but history contains no further account of them.

In the following September, when one of the vessels of the expedition was on its return to England, she encountered a great storm. The crew and passengers were in sore straits on account of the lack of food and water, expecting to perish by famine at sea. On October 16, however, when they had almost given up in despair, they sighted land, which proved to be the coast of Kerry. By the aid of “a hulke of Dublin” they entered Smerwick Bay, where the inhabitants at once succored them. White relates that the whole company was brought ashore at “Dingen a Cos,” where the sick sailors and passengers were taken care of by the local doctor.

HON. JOHN S. WHALEN.

New York Secretary of State.

The writer of the narrative pays a well-merited tribute to the inhabitants of Smerwick and Dingle for their timely and spontaneous aid. They stayed at Smerwick for over two weeks; there White distributed some potato plants among the people, “the first ever seen in Europe.” It is generally supposed that it was Raleigh who first brought the potato plant to Europe, but according to White’s account, it was he who introduced it, and that it was the inhabitants of the County of Kerry who were the first Europeans to taste the esculent tuber.

Could John White, who wrote the official account of, and commanded this expedition, have been an Irishman? His story of the fifth voyage is dated “from my house at Newtown, in Kilmore, the fourth of February, 1593.” There is no such place as Kilmore in England, but there are several such places in Ireland, and the name is distinctively Irish. The town of Dingle, County Kerry, has always been and even is still known to the inhabitants as “Dingen a Cos.” It will be observed that White referred to the town by its Irish, not by its Anglicized appellation, which, to some, may be suggestive that a knowledge of the Gaelic language, which, happily, most Irishmen spoke in those days, was one of the accomplishments of the historian mariner.

And is it not highly probable that White and his officers, who came to form such friendly intercourse with the fisher-folk of the Kerry coast, may have informed them of “the great land beyond the sea,” with the result that, on his subsequent voyages to Virginia, he was accompanied by not a few of the hardy natives of the Kingdom of Kerry?

After the forfeiture of the immense estates of the Desmonds in Munster in 1584, Raleigh came into possession of 12,000 acres in Cork, Waterford and Tipperary. He built and made his home in the castle of Lismore, and soon after established at the neighboring ports of Waterford and Youghal a large trade in lumber and barrel staves with France and Spain. His ships were largely manned by Irish sailors, and it is entirely within the bounds of probability that Raleigh impressed into his transatlantic crews some of the sailors and fishermen of the Munster coast.

In the charter which Raleigh received from the English crown on March 27, 1585, empowering him to hold the lands which he had colonized in America and apportion them among the colonists, reference is made to “persons from England and Ireland,” thus showing that Irishmen were among the first white settlers of the western world.

Among those who landed in North Carolina from White’s fourth expedition, and “remayned to inhabite there,” were Thomas Coleman, Edward and Winifred Powell, James Hyndes, William and Henry Browne, Thomas Ellis, Michael Millet, James Lafie, Maurice Allen, Richard Berry, Dennis and Margery Harvie, William Waters, Martin Sutton, Hugh Patterson, Thomas Humphrey and John and Brian “Wyles.” Most of these names are common to Britain as well as to Ireland, but, without doubt, some of them were natives of Ireland.

These colonists all either perished from famine or were slain by the savage enemy. Some are supposed to have sought asylum among the Hatteras Indians at Croatoan, who were friendly to the whites. Lawson, one of the historians of North Carolina, writing in 1714 of the natives of Croatoan, relates how the Indians told him that some of their ancestors were white people and “could talk in a book as we do,” and that many of the Hatteras Indians had gray eyes, which are known only among whites.

In his account of the fifth voyage, White tells of their arrival at the mouth of the Roanoke on August 17, 1590. A great storm raged; the ship’s boats were tossed about at the mercy of the waves, and eleven of the company drowned, among them Edward Kelly, Edward Kilborne and Robert Coleman. These three are mentioned as “among 7 of the chiefest men of the expedition.”

Hawk, one of the historians of North Carolina, says that “in 1666 the Lords Proprietors had agents employed in seeking emigrants on the continent of Europe, and in Ireland, Scotland and the West Indies,” and the same author in referring to the divers religious beliefs professed by the people of North Carolina (about 1700), refers to “the Irish Romanists.” It is to be regretted that we have no means of tracing the names or careers of any of those “Irish Romanists.”

Hewatt’s Historical Account of the Rise and Progress of the Colonies of South Carolina and Georgia (published at London in the year 1776), is referred to by historians as an authoritative work. In this book many references are made to the early Irish settlers of the Carolinas. The author describes the dreadful extremities to which the poor settlers in the vicinity of Charlestown (now Charleston), S. C., were reduced in the year 1667.

During the government of Sir John Yeamans a civil disturbance broke out among the colonists, which threatened the ruin of the settlement. “The Proprietors,” says Hewatt, “were unable to furnish the colony with regular supplies, and the spots of sandy and barren land poorly rewarded their toil. Many of them were unskilled, and the European grain which they were accustomed to sow soon proved suitable to neither soil nor climate. The settlers began to murmur against the Proprietors and to curse the day they left their native land to starve in a wilderness. While they gathered oysters for subsistence with one hand, they were obliged to carry the musket in the other for defence against the Indians.”

In this emergency, a true son of Ireland is seen to have been in the forefront of the battles waged by the afflicted colonists. Florence O’Sullivan was one of the leading men among the settlers of Charlestown, some of whom were his countrymen, and to whom they looked for guidance and counsel. O’Sullivan is said to have come to South Carolina with Governor Sayle. He was surveyor-general of the province until he was succeeded by John Culpeper in 1671. He is thought to have been of the famous family of that name whose paternal home was on the borders of Cork and Kerry, and which gave to America schoolmasters, governors, a celebrated general of the Revolutionary army, and in later days men who distinguished themselves in every sphere of activity in the new country.

To add to the troubles between the colonists and the Indians, it is related that about this time there was great fear among the Carolinians of an invasion by the Spaniards from the South. Militia companies were formed in and around Charlestown to resist invasion, and O’Sullivan had been placed in command of a body of men on an island in the harbor—now known as Sullivan’s Island. Their situation was one of great danger and they were instructed to warn the inhabitants on the first approach of the enemy, and then return to shore. “The great gun”—evidently the only one available—was in the immediate charge of O’Sullivan.

The Spaniards did not put in an appearance; the scanty supplies of the party soon gave out, but they stuck to their post until starvation stared them in the face. They remained until all hope had fled that their supplies would be replenished, and when they were not forthcoming, O’Sullivan and his men, deciding that to perish from hunger would be an inglorious end, deserted the island without consulting the governor and joined the discontented party in the town.

Thereupon, we are told, the people became ungovernable and threatened to compel the authorities to relinquish the settlement. O’Sullivan was arrested by the town marshal and “compelled to find security for his good behavior.” Vessels were despatched to Virginia and to Barbadoes for provisions, but, before they returned, a ship arrived from Europe with supplies and a number of new settlers. “The newcomers revived the drooping spirits of the people and encouraged them to engage in more vigorous efforts. The governor, sensible of the hardships the people had suffered, readily forgave them,” and O’Sullivan and his friends were released from further restraint.

The Spanish authorities at St. Augustine, “on learning the belated news of the discontented and miserable condition of the Carolina colonists,” advanced with an armed party as far as St. Helena Island, about 50 miles south of Charlestown, to dislodge or destroy the settlers. Brian Fitzpatrick, a well-known “character” of the settlement, is said to have deserted his friends at this juncture and to have gone over to the Spaniards. What his purpose was in doing so does not appear. However, reinforcements arrived to aid the Carolinians, upon which the Spaniards evacuated St. Helena and retreated to Augustine.

After the death of Governor Yeamans in 1674, the inhabitants called a meeting at Charlestown, when they elected representatives for the purpose of making laws for the government of the colony. Thomas Gray, Henry Hughes, Maurice Mathews and Christopher Portman were the four deputies chosen by the people.

In 1680 Richard Kirle, who is described as “an Irish gentleman,” succeeded to the governorship, but he died six months after taking the reins of office.

Elsewhere we have referred to the wholesale exportation of the Irish by Cromwell, mainly to the Island of Barbadoes, during the first half of the seventeenth century. In time, those who survived the tropical climate became freemen, and eventually even some became landowners, planters and the business men of the island. Numbers of them, on gaining their freedom, sailed for the American coast with their families. They had been apprised of the opportunities open for them in the South, as the planters of Virginia and the Carolinas had their agents in the West Indies inducing them to settle on the mainland. In John Camden Hotten’s famous work, there is a list of those who departed from Barbadoes in the year 1678, which is described in this quaint language:

“List of what Ticqtts. have been granted out of the Secretary’s office of the Island of Barbadoes for departure off this island of the several psones hereafter menconed, beginning in January, 1678, and ending in December following.”

These are seen to have sailed for Virginia and the Carolinas and other American colonies:

John Blake Teague Bowhane Michael Bradley Martin Brearly John Brett Francis Browne Hugh Browne William Browne Dennis Burne Elinor Butler John Butler Walter Butler Thomas Callay Dennis Canting Richard Carey John Collins William Corbett William Courtney Francis Cox John Daniell Jane Densy Bridgett Douse Dennis Dowell John Downing Cornelius Dunnohoe Jeffory Dunnohoe Teag Dunnohoe John Earley Andrew Fanning Hugh Farrell Roger Farrell Thomas Feaghery Teage Finn Edward Fitzjames Christopher Flavell Edmond Fleming Francis Ford William Gogin Dennis Griffin Dennis Haley Elizabeth Harley William Healy Daniel Hendley Elizabeth Hendley Katherine Hetherington Andrew Hughes Dennis Hunt John Fitz Jarrell Michael Jennings William Jennings William Jordan Elinor Kennedy Jno. Kennedy Alice Lynch Morgan Lynch Nicholas Lynch Charles Maccmash John Maccinree Owen Macclahan Patrick MacDaniell Owen Magwaine John Mahane James Mahone Daniel Mahony Andrew Mannen Cornelius Marrow Katherine Marrow Timothy Melony James Melloly Daniel Murphy Martin Neagle Ann Oneal Mary Poor Miles Poor John Quirk Luke Rainey Katherine Reddin James Rice John Rice Teigue Skahane Walter Stapleton John Sutton John Teague Edmond Welch

On one ship, the True Friendship, commanded by Capt. Charles Kallahan, these sailed from Barbadoes:

Jeoffrey Burke Thomas Clovan Richard Lynch Patrick Maddin Thomas Swiney Samuel Wall

Those who left Barbadoes for America in the year 1678 are the only ones recorded by Hotten, but for many years there was a constant stream of wanderers leaving the West Indies for the American coast. We are as yet unable to procure any records but those of the year 1678.

Thus we see what a great infusion of Irish blood Virginia and the Carolinas received in the year 1678 alone. Some of these were servants, but among them also were men of family, who either settled down on the plantations or received grants of uncultivated lands themselves, which, in course of time, they converted into fruitful estates. It has been well said that “the fighting races don’t die out,” and surely the blood of these early Gaels must have been a potent factor in moulding the Americans of later generations in the South.

Irish families are invariably large, and as the same homely virtue is usually practised by their descendants, it will not be deemed an exaggeration when we say that thousands of the present natives of the South are descended directly or indirectly from the Irish colonizers from Barbadoes of the last half of the seventeenth century. There is no system of calculation by which we could arrive at any adequate idea of the probable number of American descendants of those early settlers, but, if we adopt the simple method of taking the number of generations that have elapsed since their coming, and then apportion, say an average of five persons to each family for each succeeding generation, we can safely conclude that when American historians refer to the pioneers of the South as wholly “of Anglo-Saxon origin,” they are playing fast and loose with their imaginations.

The provincial authorities were anxious to attract immigrants to open up the virgin forest and extend the bounds of their domain, so we find them in communication with the government agents in England and Ireland, offering the most flattering inducements to all who desired to settle in the new country.

Farmers, artisans and agricultural laborers were particularly needed, while they objected to the importation of convicts and other undesirable persons. Irish political refugees were sometimes classed as “convicts,” and while the provincial history, supported by other testimony of an indubitable character, indicates that great numbers of Irish “convicts” settled in Virginia, it is seen that once they had landed on the soil, they were, in a manner, “tolerated” and permitted to stay, and accordingly were parcelled out among the planters and others who needed the services of able-bodied men.

The privations suffered by those imported Irish “convicts” under the vassalage of their colonial masters are, in some cases, beyond description, and would shake the credulity of the most sympathetic. Many of them occupied even lower positions than the Southern slaves of a later day. Not only were they the tillers of the soil, the woodsmen of the forest, and the builders of the highways, but they occupied “the firing line” in the resistance of the planters to the attacks of the savage redskins. Here where the ravages of the Indians were so terrible, these Irishmen and boys, so rudely torn from their own country, inflicted on savagery many a mortal blow and opened the way for the civilization whose fruits we now enjoy.

The continued cry for settlers attracted the avarice of many of the Cromwellian adventurers in Ireland, who thus became most efficient aids in carrying on the barbarous work of the English commissioners, who were appointed by government to exterminate the Irish.

As Prendergast relates in his Cromwellian Settlement of Ireland, they had agents actively engaged throughout Ireland, “who were authorized by Parliament to seize women, orphans and the destitute to be transported to Barbadoes and the plantations of Virginia.” Among the destitute were those whose ancient properties had been confiscated by the crown and many of whom had become wanderers over the stricken island, or had become inmates of the workhouses. “The commissioners for Ireland,” says Prendergast, “issued orders to the governors of garrisons to deliver all prisoners of war; to the jail-keepers for all offenders in their custody; to the masters of workhouses for the destitute in their care, and gave directions to all in authority to seize those who had no visible means of livelihood and deliver them to the British agents.” All unfortunates who were thus caught were quickly conducted to the waterside and there herded like so many cattle until such time as a sufficient number had been gathered in to embark them on board some ship bound for the West Indies or the coast of Virginia.

Some of the English adventurers in Ireland also engaged in the business of man-hunting on their own account, and we find from the records of Virginia that on April 12, 1621, Sir William Newce, an English officer who resided in the County of Cork, wrote to the governor “offering to transport two thousand persons to Virginia.” The same records indicate that Daniel Gookin, an Irish Quaker merchant of Cork City, was in the business of transporting cattle from Ireland to Virginia. On one occasion, he came in person to the colony, and, seeing the probable advantages of a permanent settlement in the country, he sailed from Cork in the Flying Harte with a large number of his countrymen, who, we are told, “were exceedingly well furnished with all sorts of provisions and cattle,” and landed at Newport News in November, 1621.

Notwithstanding that the records of Virginia say that this large colony came from Ireland, they are referred to by historians, who at all make reference to them, as “English.” The fact that they were so “well furnished” would also indicate that Ireland sent forth other colonizers to America in those early days besides the “convicts” and the “destitute.”

In the “Records of the London Company” (the Proprietors of Virginia), Daniel Gookin is mentioned as having undertaken “to transport great multitudes of people and cattle to Virginia,” and as having “received patents for 300 people.” The records do not state from where this large colony came, but, from the fact that their leader had formerly been a merchant in the city of Cork, from where his first contingent sailed, it is entirely within the bounds of probability that the second colony was largely, if not entirely, composed of Munstermen.

In 1622 many of the colonists were massacred by Indians, after which the remainder were ordered to abandon the outlying plantations and to concentrate their forces about the stronger ones. Gookin’s Irish settlement, which had been located near the mouth of the James River, back of Newport News, was one of those ordered to be abandoned, but he refused to obey the order, and, “gathering together his dependants, who by that time numbered only 35, he remained at his post, to his great credit and the content of his adventurers.” (Stith’s History of Virginia.)

In 1637 Gookin received a grant of 2,500 acres of land in Upper Norfolk, now Nansemond County, and in 1642 he was appointed commander of the county. The court records show, under date of May 24, 1642, that “Daniel Gookin, late of Ireland,” was still a resident of Upper Norfolk County. His son, Daniel, left Virginia for Massachusetts, where he became superintendent of Indian Affairs, with the title of major-general. He was also the author of a history of the Indians. It is said that his descendants are now very numerous in the United States.

Neill, in his History of the English Colonization of America, a most authoritative work, gives in full a sermon preached at Bowe Street Church in London in 1622, by a famous clergyman named Rev. Patrick Copland, who had been employed by the East India Company in Barbadoes. In this sermon he referred to “a fleete of nine sayle of ships that not one person out of 800 who had been transported out of England and Ireland for the plantations of Virginia, had met with any mishap by the way.”

In a footnote to the remarks of the preacher, the historian in referring to the great exodus from Ireland to the American colonies, remarks that “Ireland has always been a hive from which America has derived sturdy hewers of wood to subdue the forests.” In 1622, Rev. Patrick Copland was appointed first president of the College of Virginia and general manager of all its properties. The college was founded by King James in 1622 and was established at Henrico City, fifteen miles below Richmond. (See Old Churches and Families of Virginia, by Bishop William Meade.)

At this period there must have been a goodly number of Irish in Virginia, if we are to judge from the contents of a little book, “suitable for a projected school in Virginia,” prepared in 1621 by an English Puritan minister named John Brinsley. The book was intended as “a plea for learning and the school master.” The author stated that “the incivility among manie of the Irish, the Virginians, and all other barbarous nations” grew “from their exceeding ignorance of our Holy God and of all true and good learning.” On another page the author said it was his unfeigned desire to adapt the book “for all functions and places, and more particularly to every ruder place, and more especially to that poor Irish nation with our loving countrymen in Virginia.”

How very solicitous he was for the “uncivil” Irish! To him, of course, they appeared rude and uncivil because they did not in those days speak in the English tongue, but in their own undefiled and mellifluous Gaelic. The book was presented by Brinsley “at a court held for Virginia on December 19, 1621,” on which occasion a committee was appointed to determine whether the book was suitable for distribution among the school children. This circumstance is related by the historian Neill.

FRANCIS J. QUINLAN, M. D., LL. D.

New York City. ]

WALSH’S IRISH REGIMENT OF MARINE ARTILLERY, FRENCH ARMY.

BY T. H. MURRAY, SECRETARY-GENERAL OF THE SOCIETY.

A few years ago there was issued from the government printing office at Washington, D. C., a volume entitled: A Calendar of John Paul Jones Manuscripts in the Library of Congress.

The volume is of great interest, is arranged chronologically and contains 883 entries. Most of these mention letters written to and from Jones during the Revolution and cover a great deal of ground relating to that trying period. These records are very valuable.

Frequent mention is made in them of Walsh’s Irish Regiment of Marine Artillery, French Army, and the Calendar, as published, also mentions other people of Irish birth or blood who took a prominent part in the struggle for American liberty. We extract from the book:

1779. Feb. 5 =Fitz-Maurice=, ——, Chevalier de. A captain in Walsh’s Irish regiment, French army. “Quimper.” [Quimber, France.] Letter to Capt. [John Paul] Johnes [Jones], L’Orient. Recommends “Mr. [Edward] Stack a Lieutenant of this Regiment”, who desires service under Jones; his abilities; recommends also “Mr. [Eugene] Macarty” [Macarthy]; requests that information be given “those Gentlemen” respecting their pay and prize money; it is necessary for them to obtain leave from Court; desires information regarding method of procedure.

1779. Mar. 1. =Fitz-Maurice=, ——, Chevalier de. A captain in Walsh’s Irish regiment, French army. Quimper, [Quimber, France.] Letter to Capt. [John Paul] Jones, [L’Orient]. Acknowledges receipt of letter of 26th ult.; is pleased with success of his journey to Paris; makes him his “most sincere compliments” on his fine command [the Bon Homme Richard]; thanks him for his offer to accompany him; only possible by order of the King; “would cheerfully comply” with such orders if given; “our Gentlemen desire their compliments to you.”

1779. Mar. 3. =Macarthy=, [Eugene.] A lieutenant in Walsh’s Irish Regiment, French army. Quimper, [Quimber, France.] Letter to Capt. [John Paul] Jones, L’Orient. Has heard that Jones has received the command of a frigate of 40 guns [the Bon Homme Richard] and that he desires officers; wishes to “make a Campaigne * * * under command of a Gentleman who has Distinguished himself by his Superior talents”; requests information on all things relating to his purpose.

1779. Mar. — =Fitz-Maurice=, ——, Chevalier de. A captain in Walsh’s Irish regiment, French army. “Quimper”, [France.] Letter to [Capt. John Paul] Jones, L’Orient. Hopes he mentioned “Lts. [Edward] Stack and [Eugene] Macarty” [Macarthy] only in writing to Court; impossible for Fitz-Maurice himself to accompany Jones; latter should have seen that “such expeditions are not fitt for persons of my rank”; if Jones has taken any steps relative to Fitz-Maurice joining him hopes he will “countermand” them; requests information respecting the “conditions, treatment &c.” which will be given the “two Gentlemen” of whom he wrote. Endorsed by Jones: * * * rec’d May 1st.

1779. May 20. =Fitz-Maurice=, ——, Chevalier de. A captain in Walsh’s Irish regiment, French army. “Painbœuf,” [France.] Letter to Capt. [John Paul] Jones, L’Orient. Acknowledges receipt of letter of 1st inst.; considers Jones’s offer as a mark of “favour and friendship”; regrets that Jones mistook the “sense” of his letter [of March —, 1779]; regards the offer [to take Fitz-Maurice on the Bon Homme Richard] in a “most flattering light”; did not desire any steps taken “opposite the Court” as he feared Col. [Francois Jacques Comte] Walsh[-Serrant]’s opposition; it might serve as an impediment to Fitz-Maurice’s future advancement. Addressed care of [James] Moiland [Moylan].

1779. Jun. 14. =Walsh-Serrant=, [François Jacques,] Comte de. Colonel of the Irish regiment of marine artillery, French army. Paimboeuf, [France.] Letter [to Capt. John Paul Jones, Groaix]. Reputation of Jones in Walsh’s regiment is such that [James Gerald] O’Kelly, sub-lieutenant of grenadiers, wishes to join his two comrades [Edward] Stack and [Eugene] Macarthy in serving under his command; feels it best that O’Kelly should serve against the common foe wherever he wishes; recommends him in the highest terms.

1779. Jun. 18. =Moylan=, J[ames.] Merchant and United States commercial agent at L’Orient. L’Orient, [France.] Letter to [Capt.] John P[aul] Jones, [Groaix]. Introduces “Mr. [James Gerald] O’Kelly”; he has resigned from Walsh’s regiment in hopes of “going under your orders”; has strong recommendations; “he will cheerfully embrace” any vacancy on the “Poor Richard” [Bon Homme Richard].

1779. Jun. 18. =Nesbitt=, Jonat[han.] Banker, L’Orient. L’Orient, [France.] Letter to [Capt.] John P[aul] Jones [Groaix]. Introduces “Mr. [James Gerald] O’Kelly, Lieutenant of Grenadiers in the regt. of Walsh”; his recommendations; service to O’Kelly will be regarded as a favor to himself.

1779. Oct. 21. =Stack of Crotts=, A captain in Walsh’s Irish regiment, French army. “pinboeuf” [Paimboeuf, France.] Letter [to Capt. John Paul Jones, The Texel, Holland]. Requests information respecting [his son] Edmond [Edward?] Stack, Lieut., Walsh’s Irish regiment; was appointed [Lt. Col. of Marines] on the Bon Homme Richard; fears he is dead; if he has served like a “gentleman and a Soldier I Shant half regret his death”; “his loss will lie heavy ’pon me the rest of my days.”

1779. Oct. 22. [=Stack=, Edward.] A lieutenant in Walsh’s Irish Regiment, French army, and formerly Volunteer on U. S. S. “Bon Homme Richard.” The Texel, [Holland]. Affidavit respecting escape of deserters. Escape on Oct. 1st? of twenty-six seamen from the Serapis; with aid from the Pallas sixteen men were captured; five were drowned and five escaped; Capt. [Denis Nicolas] Cottineau [de Kloguene] gave an account of this occurrence to the Commandant of the Road of Texel [Commodore —— Reimersima]. Attestation of “Lt. Col” [Antoine Felix] Wiebert [Wybert], Richard Dale, Samuel Stacy, John Mayrant and Beaumont Kroube [Groube], officers of the United States squadron, that the above statement is correct and that the deserters were enlisted and swore allegiance to the United States.

1779. Nov. 25. =Walsh-Serrant=, [François Jacques,] Comte de. Colonel of the Irish regiment of marine artillery, French army. Paris. Letter to [Edward] Stack, [The Texel?, Holland]. Has received orders from the [French] Court for the embarkation of the second battalion of his regiment for the Antilles; impossible for him to remain with [Capt. John] Paul Jones; hopes this order for his immediate return to his regiment will reach him through [Paul François de Quélen,] Duc de La Vauguyon; he has the thanks of the King [Louis XVI] for his brave conduct while with Jones.

1785. Apr. 13. =Jones=, [John] Paul. Capt., U. S. navy. Paris. Certificate to [Lieut.] Edward Stack. Gives an account of Stack’s services on the Bon Homme Richard; with the consent of [Benjamin] Franklin gave him a commission of brevet lieutenant of marines in the U. S. navy; on being ordered to the West Indies in Nov. 1779 Stack received from Louis XVI a commission of captain and a reward of 400 livres; now wishes to join the Society of the Cincinnati; Jones has no doubt that he merits the honor; considers that “a similar opinion” from Comte d’Estaign, Comte de Rochambeau, Marquis de Lafayette, Marquis de Saint Simon and Col. Humphreys “at the foot hereof” with the payment of a months wages into the charitable fund of the Society will give him standing in America as a member.

1785. Apr. 17. =Macarthy=, [Eugene.] A Captain in Walsh’s Irish regiment, French army. Paris. Certificate regarding “Commodore” [Capt. John] Paul Jones. Certifies that at the time of the action between the Serapis and the Bon Homme Richard the latter vessel was rendered unseaworthy; on deciding to abandon her the care incidental to transporting the wounded to the Serapis prevented Jones from saving his personal effects or those of the crew.

1785. Apr. 19. =Stack=, [Edward.] A Captain in Walsh’s Irish regiment, French army. Paris. Certificate regarding [Capt. John] Paul Jones. Certifies that neither Jones nor his crew were able to save their personal effects after the engagement between the Bon Homme Richard and the Serapis.

One battalion of the Regiment of Walsh fought at Savannah. The rest of the command also rendered valiant service during the war, as did likewise the Regiment of Dillon. The following general extracts are also from the John Paul Jones papers:

1776. Nov. 3. =Gallagher=, Bernard. Midshipman, U. S. brig “Providence.” Boston. Letter to Capt. John [Paul] Jones, Philadelphia. Taken prisoner by the Gen. Gates, Capt. William Kilton, and carried into Canser [Canso, Nova Scotia]; attempted to escape but was captured and put in irons by Capt. [ ] Dawson; owing to representations of Capt. [ ] Dory was “fetched to Halifax”; confined for two weeks; then taken to Marblehead, [Massachusetts] on the Carlisle; arrived at Boston Nov. 2d with James Rogers and George Nicholson; left Benjamin Allen, John Fears and [ ] Munroe ill on the Carlisle; hopes to reach Philadelphia before Jones’s departure; wishes his chest sent to James Gallagher.

1776. Nov. 15. =J[ones,]= J[ohn] P[aul.] Capt., U. S. S. “Alfred.” Alfred, off Newfoundland. Orders to Philip Brown. Appoints him to command the prize Mellish; is to accompany the Alfred and render assistance if called on; if separated is to proceed to nearest port in the United States, preferably Rhode Island. “By order of the Senior Officer, James Hogan, Secretary.” Autograph draft signed.

1777. Jan. 18. =Gallagher=, Bernard. Master, U. S. merchant ship. [Philadelphia?] Letter to Capt. John Paul Jones, Boston. Has written two letters to him; last was sent in care of John Manley; wishes money due [George] Lovie [Lavie?] and [James] Beckup to remain unpaid until his articles [list enclosed] of which they disposed to widow Weeding and others in Newport, are returned; if money be allowed him, wishes it remitted to Conyngham & Nesbitt, Philadelphia merchants, of whose private ship he is engaged as master; the Favorite has been retaken and carried to the Bermudas; has seen [ ] Wesley and [ ] Hardy.

[1777. Mar.] =Manley=, John and others. Capts., U. S. navy. [Boston.] “Uniform dress for the Navy agreed to at Boston by the major part of the Captains.” Signed by Captains John Manley, Hector McNeill, Dudley Saltonstall, E[lisha] Hinman, Joseph Olney, John Roche, John Paul Jones, Hector McNeill for Thomas Thompson, Joseph Olney for Abraham Whipple. Copy by Hector McNeill.

1778. May 10. =MacNamarra=, —— Chevalier de. Lieutenant French ship of war “Charmante.” Brest, [France.] Letter to Capt. [John Paul] Jones, [Brest]. Regrets not having seen him before leaving; desired to compliment him on his success; reasons therefor; “Le Chevr. de Clonard,” his friend, expresses his regrets also; apologizes for writing in French; will wait for him at San Domingues.

1778. Nov. 10. =Moylan=, James. Merchant and United States commercial agent at L’Orient. L’Orient, [France.] Letter to Capt. J[ohn] P[aul] Jones, Brest. Acknowledges receipt of his letter by [Joseph] Whittal [Whitall]; has received his letter of 4th inst. also; information respecting ships suitable for purchase; the Beaumont not yet returned from America; the Turgot sold; recommends the Duras [Bon Homme Richard]; sends orders from Samuel Smalliorse of the Hampden for £670 to [Lieut. Peter] Amiel; [Capt. Thomas] Bell sends “compts.”

1778. Dec. 19. =Mehegan=, John. Clergyman and chaplain to Comte d’Orvilliers. Brest, [France.] Letter to [Capt.] John Paul Jones, [L’Orient]. Has not heard from him for sixteen days; regrets being deprived “of news of a man * * * so much valued and esteemed”; hopes to be informed by him respecting the “encouragement you so merit”; regards to [Lieut. Peter] Amiel; message is being sent by [ ] Le Lay; compliments to [James] “Moyland”; the “Colfat” wishes to be remembered; an escaped prisoner from the British ship Losely offers Jones his services; [ ] Monier wishes his nephew to enlist as a volunteer.

1778. Dec. 21. [=Jones=, John Paul.] Capt., U. S. navy. L’Orient, [France.] Letter to “The Revd. John Mayhagan” [Mehegan], Brest. Capt. Thomas Bell may deliver this letter to him; if so, requests that Mehegan obtain for Bell two hogsheads of porter belonging to Jones but now with the King’s store; one is to be taken to Robert Morris, the other is for Bell and J[ohn] Brown. Autograph draft.

1778. Dec. 23. [=Jones=, John Paul.] Capt., U. S. navy. L’Orient, [France.] Letter to “The Revd. Father John” [Mehegan], Brest. Acknowledges receipt of letter of Dec. 19th by [ ] Le Lay; is not “occupied either by Love or War”; to write would have given him some “token of existence merely not of Life”; a few days will “remove my doubts or realize my fears”; will write him the “true account”; has given Capt. [Thomas] Bell a letter to him respecting the delivery of his [Jones’s] porter; has sent to the American Commissioners the memorial of [British] prisoners; will do all in his power to effect an early exchange; [Lieut. Peter] Amiel is well and returns his compliments; “Present my compliments to the Bishop, and the Calfateur”; congratulates him on the safe delivery of the Queen [of France]; “She is a Sweet Girl and deserves to be Happy”; requests that inventories of prize ships at Brest be sent to John Ross, Nantes, and [Joseph] Whitall, Bordeaux, in care of [John] Bonfield [Bondfield]. Autograph draft.

1779. Mar. 9. [=Jones=, John Paul.] Capt., U. S. S. “Bon Homme Richard.” [L’Orient, France.] Letter to Capt. John Plaince, Cork, [Ireland]. Has been impossible to forward the within bill until now; “It is the last of the set drawn by Mr. [ ] Newberry”; those drawn by [Louis Daniel] Charrier are lost; letter [of Mar. 9, 1778] will explain everything, both as to “present and future Remittances from the same hand”; this letter “contained no Sentiment whatsoever that did not * * * flow directly from the Heart of the Author”; Miss Plaince’s answer to letter of June 1st was received open; “interruption of that correspondence has been owing to no change of Sentiment * * * and the parties are now and will continue real Friends.” Autograph draft.

1779. Apr. 11. [=Jones=, John Paul.] Capt., U. S. S. “Bon Homme Richard.” L’Orient, [France.] Orders [to Lieut. Peter Amiel, Brest]. Is to proceed to Paimboeuf to join [Matthew] Mease with Americans who have enlisted to serve under Jones; if wind is favorable is to bring them to L’Orient in vessel provided by [Jonathan] Williams; otherwise to come by land; hopes that others will join them when they know that Jones is about to sail for America; is then to proceed to Angoulême to the cannon foundry of [Louis] Sezarac L’ainé et fils; is to send proportions of 8 and 18 pounders to [James] Moylan; instructions governing his stay at Angoulême. Secretary’s draft.

1779. Apr. 30. [=Jones=, John Paul.] Capt., U. S. S. “Bon Homme Richard.” L’Orient, [France.] Letter to “Revd. father John” [Mehegan, Brest]. Is informed by [Jonathan] Williams, his “Friend and Attorney”, that the American agent at Nantes [John D. Schweighauser] wishes a revaluation made of the Countess of Selkirk’s plate; has given his consent to this; thinks [ ] Cortentine will feel affronted at the revision of the first estimate; directions concerning the revaluation; requests that Mehegan be present; judges that Williams will forward [plate] to L’Orient when revalued; desires a chaplain; arrived from Paris a few days since; met [Lt.] Gen. [Louis Guillouet, Comte] d’Orvilliers “on the road”; is “this day so sick” that he writes in bed; wishes an early reply.

1779. May 1–3. [=Jones=, John Paul.] Capt., U. S. S. “Bon Homme Richard.” L’Orient, [France.] Officers of auxiliary vessels under command of. (May 1.) Pallas: Denis Nicolas Cottineau de Kerloguen [Kloguene], Captain; Henry Ange François Le Meignan, Pierre François Magonet and Beninge Worle des Essart Mischateau, Lieutenants; François Pettibon de La Masc, Master; Maurice O’Connell, Capt. of Marines; Jean Petit, Surgeon. (May 2.) Cerf: Joseph Varage, Captain; Armand Coudre La Coudrais, Lieutenant. (May 3.) Vengeance: Philippe Nicolas Ricot, Captain; Pierre Vinet de Nantes and Nicolas Lejoille de St. Valery, Lieutenants; Jean Beaudot de Rennes en Bretagne, Master.

1779. May 18. =Manoville=, ——, Le Chevalier de. Brest, [France.] Letter to Capt. John Paul Jones, [L’Orient]. Understands that he can obtain from Jones some Irish salted butter; if such is the case would like to purchase some.

1779. Dec. 17. =O’Connell=, [Maurice.] Capt., U. S. marines. Rotterdam, [Holland.] Letter to [Capt. John Paul] Jones, The Texel. Regrets that he could not have seen Jones before leaving the Helder; considered himself too old to be under [Capt. Paul de] Chamillard’s orders; if he had been embarked with Jones, would not have left; has been taken for “the brave Paul Jones” in many places; as a result has been highly complimented; will rejoin him if needed; letters should be addressed to him in care of “Marquis De Brancas” [Louis Marie Bufile Brancas, Marquis de Lauraguais?]; wishes Jones would write a line to [Benjamin] Franklin in his behalf. Endorsed: “From Captain O’Connally * * *”

1780. May 15. =Sarsfield=, ——, Count. [Paris.] Letter to [Capt. John Paul] Jones, Passy. Understands that Jones is to leave on Wednesday, [May 17th]; wishes an interview before that time; will remain at home Tuesday afternoon; would go to Passy but fears that they will miss each other; “will certainly call upon Dr. [Benjamin] Franklin Wednesday morning”; if Jones postpones his departure until the afternoon will be happy to wish him Godspeed.

NEHEMIAH WALTER, BORN IN IRELAND, 1663.

At a meeting of the Cambridge (Mass.) Historical Society held in Cambridge in 1906, a paper was read by William Coolidge Lane, Esq., in which he devoted some attention to the career of Nehemiah Walter. The matter is of so interesting a nature that we here reproduce a portion of the paper, the title of which is “The Nehemiah Walter Elegy on Elijah Corlet.” Walter was born in Ireland in 1663 and came to New England in 1679. Mr. Lane tells us that he became a minister highly esteemed here.

At the age of thirteen he is said to have readily conversed in Latin. He had been apprenticed to an upholsterer in 1674, but it was found that his tastes were altogether literary. After coming to this country, he was at first placed under Ezekiel Cheever, the Boston schoolmaster, but entered college almost immediately, in 1680. He was butler in 1683, and graduated in 1684. Soon after, he made a voyage to Nova Scotia, where he became proficient in French, but returned to study in Cambridge, and was often employed by Corlet as his assistant. “It reflected a luster on his character that the memorable Mr. Elijah Corlet, master of the Grammar School in Cambridge, used to express a distinguishing value for him by employing him to officiate at times in the care of his school when obliged to be absent himself, always esteeming his place well supplied by Mr. Walter, and fully confiding in his skill, prudence and diligence.”

The Elegy was composed when he was but three years out of college, and was still studying for the ministry in Cambridge. In 1688 he was ordained as a colleague with John Eliot in Roxbury, Mass., then 84 years old. His people in Roxbury, and Eliot himself, showed a deep affection for him, and the liveliest satisfaction at having secured him for their minister. Walter continued as the minister of the church in Roxbury up to 1750, so that his ministry and Eliot’s together covered a period of one hundred and eighteen years. He was for many years a member of the corporation of Harvard College, and sided with Increase Mather, his father-in-law. After Mather’s exclusion from the presidency, he attended no more meetings of the corporation, and was considered to have abdicated his office.

HON. EUGENE A. PHILBIN.

A Regent of the University of the State of New York.

IRISH INFLUENCE IN THE LIFE OF BALTIMORE.

BY D. J. SCULLY OF BALTIMORE, MD.

It is a peculiar thing to study out fairly, even without setting down aught except that which can be actually proved, what an important part Irishmen have taken in shaping this Irish-named city which in the estimation of those who do not stop to think, is deemed an “Anglo-Saxon” community. This phrase, Anglo-Saxon, is now the thing, especially among some educators. It is a handy phrase. It may mean something, but as often means nothing in particular.

It is like the stuff coined at trial tables, such as “brain-storms” and “Dementia Americana,” sufficient for the atmosphere of a courtroom, but no where else on earth, where common sense is supposed to prevail. Hence the delicious and unmeaning phrase, “Anglo-Saxon” this and “Anglo-Saxon” that, as used by the educated few, to mislead the so-called uneducated many. It is naturally a bold man who would call an Irishman an Anglo-Saxon to his face, but the average American educationalist and writer does not make such statements to the Gael in propria persona.

He does it at long range, and hides behind his school book and his inkwell until the storm has passed by. The Irish who have influenced and who have directed in many ways the past of Baltimore laid no claim to be Anglo-Saxons and no one in their day sought to claim them as such. They were rather proud of their Irish birth and descent and made no effort to hide it. But it was a fact that it was no shame in those days to be Irish, and nobody thought so, not even the English.

If it had been so awful to be Irish, no doubt the early settlers and founders of the city would have never allowed it to be named Baltimore. Prior to the Revolution the most important merchants and educators, and even professional men in the town, were Irish by birth. They laid the foundation of the town’s trade and commerce and built it up not only morally and physically, but financially. The man who laid the foundation of the town’s trade was Dr. John Stevenson, who, although a physician, had an eye to trade, and coming direct from Ireland deemed it wise to establish a line of ships between this city and Irish ports.

This was the beginning of Baltimore’s commerce, which for nearly seventy-five years after Stevenson’s pioneer line was established, almost rivalled New York’s commerce in general, and in many ways excelled it. This will be refreshing news to many, but is not by any means overdrawn. The work done by Stevenson in establishing trade for Baltimore was continued by the Purviances, William Patterson, Bowly, John O’Donnell, John Smith, William Smith, William McDonald, Robert and John Oliver, Wm. Wilson, Talbott Jones, Isaac McKim, Robert Garrett, Luke Tiernan, Cumberland Dugan, David Stewart, Stephen Stewart, James Calhoun, John Sterrett, John McLure, Thomas Russell, Samuel Hughes, William Neill, Hugh Young, Patrick Colvin, Alexander Pendergast, Patrick Bennett, Robert Welsh, Mark Pringle, William Kennedy, James O. Law, Hugh McElderry, Charles M. Dougherty, William Walters, John McCoy, D. J. Foley, Hamilton Easter, Robert Neale, Hugh Birchhead, John Coulter, and others, who, from time to time, have figured prominently in the shipping and commercial annals of Baltimore.

Many of these men were not only the pioneers, but the leaders for years in the matters which concerned the carrying trade of Baltimore and also in the business concerns of the town and city. Their names are so closely associated with the history of Baltimore for the first hundred years of her history at least that it is impossible to disconnect them. They were honest merchants of the old school and their methods were direct and above suspicion. They laid the foundation of Baltimore’s reputation for business honesty. Their trade was with the East and West Indies, with South America and with Europe. Their white-winged clippers sailed every known sea, and their house flags were known in every country, aye, even by the savage African.

It is highly interesting to trace the rise and rule of these expatriated Irish merchants who came to Baltimore, many of them with money and business experience, driven from Ireland by England’s unjust tariff laws, the same in character as those which now apply to our “possessions,” Porto Rico and the Philippines, to “encourage” their trade and commerce. These men hated England as strongly as they loved fair play. They waxed rich and placed everything they had at the services of their fellow citizens and of their country. They were well aware of England’s hypocritical methods and thus when the Revolution came on they cast their fortunes to a man with the colonies, and gave of their blood, their experience and their means to assist the patriots.

During the Revolution, in Baltimore and Maryland they were prominent in all works of importance. Thus we see Samuel Purviance, the chief man of the town; Purviance was a leading merchant. He was chairman of the Committee on Correspondence, a sort of Ways and Means Committee, and as such he raised supplies for the patriotic cause and supervised methods of defense. His services to the patriot cause were vast, and he was frequently complimented by Washington and the Continental Congress for his services. He was largely instrumental in helping Lafayette to clothe his half-starved and half-clothed army when on its way to the South to prosecute that historic campaign which ended in the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown.

Thus he played a prominent part in one of the historic events in history, and considering the present status of this republic, the most momentous campaign in history. The Irish merchants who contributed to this fund to buy cloth and make uniforms for Lafayette’s ragged army were Messrs. Purviance, William Patterson, John McLure, Daniel Bowly, Ridgely and Pringle, James Calhoun, James McHenry, Charles Carroll, Wm. Smith, Alex. Donaldson, Samuel Hughes, Russell & Hughes, William Neill, John Smith, William Smith, Hugh Young and Robert Patter Purviance. William Smith and William Patterson and other Irish merchants were also prominent in the committee work during the Revolution, and if it had failed, would have no doubt decorated the short end of a hangman’s rope for their love of liberty. The services of Charles Carroll of Carrollton and of his cousin, Charles Carroll, of Mount Clare, to the patriot cause and to the city and state, even the nation, it is needless to recount here, as they are well known.

They were Irish-Americans, however, and not ashamed of it, and their influence in the city and its environs were considerable along all lines. William Patterson gave Patterson Park to the city, and also contributed largely to the foundation of many public enterprises, some of which survive today as monuments to the activities of himself and his fellow Irishmen. Prime among those monuments is the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Isaac McKim, another Irishman, founded the first free school set up in Baltimore. It still stands at Baltimore and Aisquith streets a monument to him, and has been in its day a strong sphere of influence. John Oliver, another Gael, founded the Oliver Hibernian Free School, which has been for nearly a century a wide center of influence for good. It was the first school established in the United States for the exclusive education of Irish-Americans, and was established at a time when Americans of other races were without free schools of any kind. Prominent in the establishment of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and of the Northern Central Railroad were other Irish merchants and professional men, such as Robert Garrett, Alexander and George Brown, the latter of whom conceived the idea of building the road; Isaac McKim, Charles Carroll of Carrollton, John V. L. McMahon, the Irish American lawyer, who drew that first railroad charter ever drawn for the Baltimore and Ohio, which has served as a model ever since; Patrick McCauley, the Irish educator; Talbott Jones, Robert Oliver and others. These men gave not only their influence to these roads, but their money. How well they built, facts establish. John O’Donnell, the Irishman, was the man who named Canton, on the southeast side of the basin, because he thought it looked like Canton, China; and he was the first president of the Baltimore Gas Light Company. What that company has developed into the present shows. His son, Gen. Columbus O’Donnell, was for many years the honored president of the company.

Gen. Wm. McDonald was the first man to run packets on the Chesapeake Bay, and also the first to run steam vessels. And thus he was the founder of Baltimore’s great bay trade. That he was a man of influence the conditions of the present prove. He may have builded better than he knew, but he built greatly. Alexander Brown, Robert Garrett and Isaac McKim were practically the founders of the banking business of this city, and with others of the great Irish business men influenced the financial interests of Baltimore for many years. In fact, their descendants have a powerful influence in banking matters locally at this time. Every one is familiar with the tremendous influence exercised in railroad circles for many years by the Irish-American, John W. Garrett, and his son, Robert Garrett. There can be no question about those facts.

In the religious concerns of the city the Irish have ever played an important part. The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic church in this country, the first bishop and archbishop of which was John Carroll, an Irish-American. Since his day the Irish have been in the forefront in Catholic affairs in Baltimore, and the pewholders and attendants at the Cathedral and other Catholic churches have included many of Baltimore’s leading citizens. St. Mary’s Seminary has educated hundreds of Catholic priests who have gone out and labored for the salvation of souls. Of these Levites the great and almost overwhelming majority have been Irish-Americans.

Many of these good men have spent their lives in this city and have proven great sources of influence for upliftment to their fellowmen. The Irish names of the priests and bishops who have labored here in Baltimore would make a respectable directory for information on the municipality’s work for the betterment of men. Many will recall the names of the saintly McColgan, Dolan, McManus, Coskery, Slattery, McCoy, Dougherty, Malloy, Dugan, Gaitley, McDevitt, and many others of equal note who have served prominently in this city and have been towers of strength to their co-religionists. The stature of Archbishop Carroll in his day was heroic, and he was regarded as one of the chief citizens of the republic, as his famous successor, Cardinal Gibbons, is today.

The similarity between Dr. Carroll and the cardinal on the lines of personal influence is remarkable. What Dr. Carroll was in his day a century ago, the cardinal is today, and the person who is familiar with the cardinal’s character knows what power and inspiration that is for good. Other prelates who were of Irish extraction and who labored here were Archbishops Neale and the illustrious Kenrick, the latter one of the greatest of church writers and a strong man of his day. In other denominations we have Dr. Patrick Allison, the first pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, and a remarkable man in many ways, who was the friend of Dr. Carroll, and his contemporary. Rev. John Glendy, a native of Ireland, who was a rebel in 1798, and had to fly for his life to this country, was the first pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church, and an orator of unusual ability. In their day they were strong men, and exercised an overmastering influence for good upon their flocks. Rev. John Healey was the first Baptist minister in Baltimore town, and founded the first Baptist chapel. He ministered here for many years and was without doubt an influential man. The congregations of the Presbyterian and Baptist churches included a number of prominent Irish business and professional men, in fact the cream of the business men of the town and city belonged to them. Hence they were widespread centers of influence and they have so remained.

Their descendants to this day include many of Baltimore’s leading citizens in all lines of activity. The first Methodist preacher that we know of who preached in the vicinity of this city was Robert Strawbridge, the Irishman. He preached about the countryside, it being as much a felony for a Methodist preacher to preach as it was for a Catholic priest to say mass in his day in Maryland. We know that there were several well-known Irishmen who were among the first members of the first M. E. church, old Light Street, now Mount Vernon Place Church; among them being Patrick Colvin and Patrick Bennett. This Colvin afterwards was buried from the old Light Street church, which caught fire during his funeral, and was burned to the ground. His daughter founded the old Colvin Institute in his honor, and Colvin Street is named after him. He was an influential merchant as well as a leading Methodist.

The first mayor of the city, James Calhoun, was an Irish-American. The first secretary of the navy from Maryland was an Irishman, James McHenry, after whom the fort is named. It is well to remark that Fort Carroll is also named after Charles Carroll, the Irish-American. The first secretary of state and attorney-general from Maryland was Robert Smith, son of John Smith, the Irishman. Gen. Samuel Smith, the Revolutionary hero, who served more years than any other from this state in the United States Senate, also commanded the forces at the battle of North Point and the defense of Fort McHenry. The first and only chief justice of the United States from Maryland was Roger Brooke Taney, the Irish-American, who was also an attorney-general of the United States. One of the two secretaries of the navy from this state was John Pendleton Kennedy, the Irish-American. All of these facts serve to show that the Irish have played some part in public affairs in this city and state.

Past and present, the Irish element has been so closely identified with the history of Baltimore that it has played an important part in influencing every detail of the life of the city. Deny it as some will, the influence is still apparent in the city’s spheres, probably not so prominently as in the long ago, but still markedly. Prosperity has somewhat dulled the ambition of the local Gael, but that he is still in evidence, commercially, religiously, professionally, socially and industrially, the shallowest of investigations will prove. The readiness of the Irishman to assimilate with other nationalities in our country may have had something to do with the disappearance from the prominent places which they formerly occupied of the leading families of the city who bear the names of the splendid men who at one time led in the city’s advance. But considerable of the wealth and the influence of the city is still held by the descendants of these old pioneers, and by those who have succeeded them in the life of the City of the Calverts.

LOOKING BACK AT OLD CAMBRIDGE, MASS.

Extract from an address by Prof. Charles Eliot Norton at a meeting of the Cambridge (Mass.) Historical Society, October 30, 1905: “But even a greater change than that from country village to suburban town has taken place here in Old Cambridge in the last seventy years. The people have changed. In my boyhood the population was practically all of New England origin, and in large proportion Cambridge-born, and inheritors of Old Cambridge traditions. The fruitful invasion of barbarians had not begun. The foreign-born people could be counted up on the fingers. There was Rule, the excellent Scotch gardener, who was not without points of resemblance to Andrew Fairservice; there was Sweetman, the one Irish day-laborer, faithful and intelligent, trained as a boy in one of the ‘hedge-schools’ of his native Ireland, and ready to lean on his spade and put the troublesome schoolboy to a test on the Odes of Horace, or even on the Arma virumque cano; and at the heart of the village was the hair-cutter, Marcus Reamie, from some unknown foreign land, with his shop full, in a boy’s eyes, of treasures, some of his own collecting, some of them brought from distant romantic parts of the world by his sailor son. There were doubtless other foreigners, but I do not recall them, except a few teachers of languages in the college, of whom three filled in these and later years an important place in the life of the town,—Dr. Beck, Dr. Follen and Mr. Sales.”

A BIT OF NEW YORK HISTORY.

Thomas F. Meehan in N. Y. Catholic News.

There was considerable popular opposition manifested [in New York City in 1829 and thereabouts] to the change of the cemetery from about St. Patrick’s to the Fifth Avenue, or Middle Road, as it was then called, site. In the [N. Y.] Truth Teller appears the following:

CATHOLIC BURIAL GROUND.

In giving publicity to the following communication we beg it may be distinctly understood that we express no opinion of our own upon the subject. The writer has left his name with the editor of this paper, and our columns are open to any correspondent who may feel disposed to do the same:

“To the Editor of the Truth Teller:

“NEW YORK, March 24, 1829.

“SIR: The subject of procuring a suitable place for a general Catholic burial ground in this city has, for a long time, excited a deep interest among us. I beg leave, therefore, to suggest a few remarks on the best method to be adopted for the accomplishment of so desirable an object, before any definite measures are taken for a permanent location.

“It appears by a hand-bill circulated a few days ago, that the trustees of St. Patrick’s Church, without consulting the Catholics of this city, have bought a tract of land opposite the Botanic Garden, a distance of between four and five miles from the city hall; that the nature of the soil is entirely unfit for the said purpose; and that this place has been actually appropriated by them for a general Catholic burial ground.

“Query? Have the trustees of that church or any of the other Catholic churches in this city the right to act definitely upon this general subject without previously ascertaining the opinion and obtaining the consent of the heads of families belonging to this Catholic community?

CAPT. MARTIN L. CRIMMINS.

Sixteenth U. S. Infantry, formerly of the Nineteenth Infantry.

MEMBER OF THE SOCIETY.

A Son of the Hon. John D. Crimmins, New York City. ]

“This question ought to be fairly discussed before any final decision is made on the location of the contemplated cemetery; and I hope the columns of your widely circulated paper will be always open for the discussion of this point of general interest.

“This affair, in the humble opinion of the writer, ought to be managed by a separate board, composed of the Right Rev. Bishop of the diocese and two members from each congregation, duly elected by the pewholders of the several Catholic churches of this city, with power to select the ground, the location, to make regulations, etc., etc. This suggestion is made with the view of ascertaining the sense of the Catholics of this city (who have very liberally contributed to the support of their several churches and charitable institutions) respecting this interesting question which agitates their minds.

“Very respectfully, your obt. serv’t, “A SUBSCRIBER.

“And a Catholic resident of the city of New York.”

At the meeting of the trustees on March 6, 1833, every member present pledged himself to use his utmost endeavor “in finding and prosecuting the invaders of the vault out of town,” which seems to indicate that the opposition to the up-town movement had taken a very radical turn. Previous to this, however, the idea of locating the graveyard there was abandoned, and on August 29, 1832, a committee of five trustees appointed to provide “a good and convenient location for a new graveyard,” paid $37,050 to Alderman Charles Henry Hall for the block bounded by East Eleventh and Twelfth streets, First Avenue and Avenue A.

It is related that Mr. Hall soon after repented of his bargain and offered to pay $50,000 if the block were deeded back to him. The offer was refused, but 100 feet in depth on three sides of the plot was sold to lighten the debt and the rest of the land, 413x206 feet, was devoted to cemetery purposes. Permission for the first interment was given on March 13, 1833, and from that date until the old Eleventh Street burial ground was officially closed in August, 1848, the total number of interments made in its limits was 41,016. As has been stated, the interments in St. Patrick’s graveyard, from May 25, 1813, to March, 1833, were 32,153, so that in these two old downtown graveyards in thirty-five years, a total of 73,169 Catholics were buried. These figures are taken from Archbishop Corrigan’s paper on “The Catholic Cemeteries of New York” and are therefore official. The Avenue A end of the Eleventh Street plot was originally a hollow and had to be filled in about eighteen feet above the level at the time of its purchase.

There was a wooden fence around the property at first and this was replaced by the iron railing that now encloses it. The high brick wall around St. Patrick’s was put up just before the anti-Catholic excitement of 1836 and served as a protection to the old church that largely helped, when manned by stout defenders, to awe the mob that assembled to plunder and destroy it. In the same year, June 5, 1836, it was determined to rebuild St. Peter’s Church in Barclay Street. The graves in the little space about the church were opened and most of the remains reinterred in St. Patrick’s graveyard. Some of the pioneers were left undisturbed and still repose under the walls of the new church built over the old site.

The dead who sleep about the walls of old St. Patrick’s made up the very flower of the pioneer families, mainly Irish, who built up the church in New York. Among the long list are the first pastors and their assistants, Fathers Michael O’Gorman, Richard Bulger, Charles Brennan and Peter Malou—who was a general in the Belgium army and then a Jesuit. One of his sons became a bishop in his native land—Fathers Luke Berry, of St. Mary’s; Gregory B. Pardow, an uncle of the Jesuit of our day; James Neale, Carberry J. Byrne, Thomas C. Levins, John N. Smith of St. James’ and Dr. John Power, V. G. The remains of the bishops of the See, except the first, were transferred from old St. Patrick’s to the crypt of the Fifth Avenue Cathedral after it was opened.

The parents of Cardinal McCloskey were buried in old St. Patrick’s and so were a son of the famous French general, Moreau, Capt. Pierre Laudais, of the navy, who fought with Paul Jones in the Revolution; Thomas, the father of the great lawyer, Charles O’Conor; Thomas S. Brady, father of James T. and Judge John R. Brady; Capt. James McKeon, of the army in 1812 and father of John McKeon; Andrew Morris, Stephen Jumel, Dominick Lynch and his numerous children; John B. Lasala, the Denmans, the Hargous, Binsse, Coughlan, Brandegee, De Londe, Shea, O’Brien and other prominent old New York families.

In the Eleventh Street graveyard the 41,016 dead are of a later period, but include many names of special local interest on the old stones, such as the Murphy, Lynch, Carroll, Hanly, Sweeney, Bradley, Davey, McMahon, Holahan, and other families. A local character, who died September 26, 1838, and was buried here, was an Italian named Joseph Bonfanti, who kept what might be called the first “department store” in New York. It was located at 297 Broadway, and it was his boast that no one could go into his store and ask for anything in fancy articles he could not produce for sale. He advertised in rhymes and some of the efforts in this direction are wonderful productions. Local fame had it that he kept poets on salary to supply his needs in this direction. His tombstone told that he was born in Monticello, December 9, 1798, was “universally esteemed as an affectionate husband, a kind father and a sincere friend,” and that,—

“Cheerful he journeyed through life’s chequered wild, Honest, sincere, benevolent, mild. As husband, father, friend, fulfilled his part, Affection’s smile the sunshine of his heart.”

Capt. John McMahon had a monument erected to him by the Montgomery Guards, of whom he was commander. He was a native of Limerick, Ireland, and died aged 37 years on April 17, 1849.

Another epitaph was as follows:

“This tomb was erected by Rosanna, widow of John Connolly, Jr., carpenter, of Gargin, parish of Killaly, County of Galway, Ireland, in memory of the most affectionate of husbands, who died in New York on the 6th day of March, 1841, aged —— years; as also her daughter Mary, who died on the 10th of August, 18—, aged —— months, as also her son, Michael, who died on the 1st of August, 1840, aged —— months.

“This stone has been sent her by her father-in-law as a token of respect for her and love for his son John, her husband. May their souls rest in peace.

“Dated Galway, Ireland, 1846. This stone has been sent her by her father-in-law, Michael Connolly.”

The stone to the memory of James, son of Denis and Winifred Hanley, who died November 28, 1839, gave this advice:

“Weep not for me, my parents dear, I am not dead but sleepeth here. As I am now so you will be; Prepare for death and follow me.”

On October 29, 1845, the Alsop farm of about 115 acres in Newtown, Long Island, was purchased for a new place of burial, and at a special meeting of the trustees of St. Patrick’s on July 31, 1848, it was ordered that “the cemetery at Newtown Creek, recently consecrated in part should be called Calvary, and placed at the disposal of the public; that after August 2 the Eleventh Street burial ground as well as the free vault at Fiftieth Street, should be permanently closed.” Calvary Cemetery began to be used August 4, 1848, when the first interment, that of Esther Ennis, was made. Subsequent purchases of land made the territory consecrated to the burial of the dead more than 300 acres. From August, 1848, to January, 1898, there were 644,761 interments there.

From January, 1898, to the present, there have been about 200,000 interments, thus making in round numbers 850,000 interments in all so far at Calvary Cemetery.

THE KELTS OF COLONIAL BOSTON.

BY THOMAS ACKLAND, BOSTON, MASS.

I am going to unfold for you a chapter of unwritten history; to tell you in a brief way the story of the part played by men of Erin in the early life of this city—from the time of its settlement in the year 1630 down to the opening of the Revolution.

Historical works do not touch the narrative, Cullen’s Story of the Irish in Boston excepted. Yet even that, admirable as it is and much as it contains, falls far short of giving a complete account. I know not the reasons for this inexcusable neglect of historians, but I have my opinions on the matter.

The story should have been written for two reasons at least; (1) because the Irish were here in large numbers at the period of which I am treating; and (2) they rendered important services to the community.

JAMES E. SULLIVAN, M. D.,

Providence, R. I.

This paper will develop some interesting and striking facts concerning the early history of Boston, and to Americans of Irish blood, unless they be students of colonial history, it would prove a revelation were they to read it. You will see from this narrative that the Irish of those by-gone days were not all hewers of wood and drawers of water, despite the tremendous handicaps of racial and religious hostility and the disproportion of the numbers in comparison to the English.

On the contrary, some of them shone as patriots and statesmen; in the fields of art and invention; and in various ways of lesser importance there were many whose names deserve recording in a discourse of this nature.

Some years ago I became interested in a letter which appeared in one of our daily papers containing a few facts about the pioneer store-keeper of Boston—the first person to start a business here and thus earn for himself the title of “The Father of Boston Merchants.” The reason for my interest lay in the fact that he was an Irishman. His name was John Cogan.

Histories of Boston and the chapters on colonial Boston in the histories of the United States, as might be expected, both ignore the story of John Cogan, and you would search the city in vain were you looking for a memorial of any sort to him. Neither is there tablet nor memorial of any sort marking the site of that humble little shop, which was the first link of the great chain of mercantile establishments which have followed in its wake. Historical spots of even less interest are, and properly, suitably marked, but for some reason the site of Boston’s first place of business has been ignored by our municipal authorities and historical societies.

I determined to try to rescue John Cogan’s name from the practical oblivion which enshrouded it and discover details of his career sufficient for a newspaper or magazine article. My researches into the musty records of the past were well rewarded and my discoveries I hope to give the public through some reputable magazine or journal in the near future.

It was while engaged in this long and laborious work that I discovered a new vein, as it were, in Boston’s history, and following it up I found much of the material which goes to make up this paper and which suggested its preparation.

Had it been our good fortune to have had a directory containing the names of the residents of Boston each year since its settlement we would have found in every one of those works, with perhaps the exception of the first two, Keltic names, and in the entire period of which I treat some thousands of them.

Undoubtedly these statements surprise you. Naturally. Yet I could easily make them good. And furthermore I believe it to be quite likely that if we made a careful research among the names of the Kelts in colonial Boston that we could easily duplicate ten per cent or more of those borne by readers of this article.

Of the thousands of these names I have compiled I select a few for illustration—Blake, Barrett, Boyce, Bryan, Bishop, Boyle and Burk; Collins, Carey, Connell, Conner, Casey and Cunningham; Drury and Downing; Flannagan; Griffin; Healy, Hart, Harkins and Hurley; Kennedy; Lynch and Lane; Murphy, Moore, Martin, Mackey and McLean; Norton and Neale; Power and Powell; Strain; Timmins; Welch.

The children of Erin began coming here from practically the foundation of Boston. As Cullen says: “English of all things, it (Boston) was of necessity anti-Irish, and classed this unfortunate people with the heathen tribes of the forest; yet, among her earliest records appears the distinctively Irish names of Cogan, Barry, Connors, MacCarty, Kelly; throughout her colonial history, when the wild Irish, the Pope, the Devil and the Pretender were classed together and hated in the lump, the Irish were in their midst, though Irish Catholicity remained till near the Revolution almost unrepresented.”

Yet this fact is disputed. One well known newspaper writer of Boston, an Irishman, too, declares: “It is quite safe to say that there were no Irish at that time (1630) among the settlers.”

Now that assertion may or may not be true. But I would say in reply to it that if the Irish were not here as early as 1630 there was at least one representative of the race in the colony in 1632[4] and another in 1634[5], both prominent, too, by the way, and Irish have been here ever since.

Footnote 4:

John Cogan, already alluded to.

Footnote 5:

William Hibbens.

The gentleman referred to also says: “Up to that time (1647) there was practically no infusion of Irish blood in New England.” In reply to that I would answer that if the other large centers of New England had as many Kelts as did Boston up to and including 1647—and I would not be surprised if they had—this gentleman’s statement would stand disproved.

Under Cromwell’s government many Irish people were sent to New England. On their arrival they were sold as servants or slaves by those at whose charge they were brought here. This slavery, however, was only temporary, and generally for a period of four years. It was distinctly understood that this service of the Irish was to be in direct payment for the trouble and expense of transporting them.

The men of Irish blood were not prominent in the early story of the colony, with a few exceptions. But that was neither their fault nor to their discredit. The reasons for this were in brief the racial antipathy on the part of the colonists; their hatred of the religion professed by the mass of the Kelts; the social ostracism of the English toward the children of Erin; the legislation in Ireland which forced the natives into, and kept them in, ignorance from an educational standpoint; their poverty, another heritage of England’s misrule of their country and the smallness of their numbers in comparison with the English settlers.

But time works wonders and brings its revenges! The erstwhile tiny English and Puritan colony has become a great city, one of the greatest in America, in fact, and the stronghold of the Catholic and Kelt. Only the other day it was governed by a man of that faith and blood, and he was the successor of four other mayors born in Ireland or descended from Irish people, while the majority of the leading city officials were of the same class.

In the professions and business life also men of Irish blood are making a good showing here. And as to religion, our clergy of Keltic blood outnumber those of all other nationalities and so do they all the non-Catholic ministers combined.

I know you will be now interested to hear of John Cogan, to whom I referred in the beginning of this paper. For a quarter of a century he was prominently identified with the colony—from 1632 until his death in 1658. He probably came from Cork. The late John B. Reagan, of Dorchester, noted for his historical research regarding the Irish in America, said of the first of Boston’s Keltic citizens: “Among those who came over in the so-called Winthrop fleet, composed of ‘people from all parts,’ were several merchants from the maritime ports of Ireland, of whom John Cogan was one.”

In my researches for details of Cogan’s career I found this reference to him, from Lechford’s Notebook: “Whether John Cogan, of Boston, Mass., was related to this family (the Cogans of Chard, Eng.,) or not I do not know. He appears to have been from Devonshire, as in 1639 he gave Isaac Northcut, of Honiton, a power of attorney to receive any legacy under the will of his mother, Eleanor Cogan, of Tiverton, in Devon.” Still, this would not prove that Cogan was English, as thousands of Irish have settled in England from an early period.

Cogan was virtually one of the founders of Boston, one of its leading citizens, one of its wealthiest and most enterprising, and a pillar and one of the founders of the First Church. And I am glad to say that the colonists were sensible enough to so far overcome their prejudices as to appreciate what sort of man he was, for they honored him with numerous public offices and positions of trust.

He was a member of the first board of selectmen and served in that capacity for a long time; a juror in the Court of Assistants; one of a committee to allot land for the inhabitants to plant on and of another committee to allot land on the Neck and in East Boston; one of a committee to erect fortifications on Fort Hill and its treasurer; a member of the grand jury; a surveyor of the highways; a constable. The full list of offices he held would be too long to give here.

He opened the first store in 1633 or 1634. It stood on Washington Street opposite the Old State House, on the northeast corner. Colonial records fail to state what class of goods our pioneer store-keeper dealt in, or how long he conducted his shop, or whether he made it a success, which I venture to predict, in view of his career, he did.

He proved himself a shrewd and energetic business man and became wealthy for the times in which he lived. He was the proprietor of a large amount of real estate, including two stores and half an acre of land, which is now covered by the store of Houghton & Dutton, and corn mills in Charlestown and Malden.

He was one of the builders of Long wharf, the oldest in Boston and the one with the most interesting history. He served as sergeant in that organization of, as somebody has facetiously dubbed them, “bottle-scared veterans,” the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company.

Among his benefactions was a gift of 70 acres to Harvard College. I might state in passing that Cogan was one of the settlers of Dorchester, which colony was founded in the same year as was Boston, 1630, and lived there until his removal here in 1632.

Some few weeks ago the daily papers chronicled the death of the oldest alumnus of Harvard College and Boston’s oldest attorney. This was Charles A. Welch of Cohasset, Mass. Welch was the descendant of John Welch, who was recorded in Boston as a tax-payer as early as 1682, and who wedded Elizabeth White. The distinguished lawyer had as his great grandfather John Welch, who served as commander of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, while the father of the lawyer was a noted wood carver and made the famous codfish which adorns the State House and also the great figure-head of Andrew Jackson which ornamented the bow of the American frigate Constitution.

Another descendant of this John Welch of colonial Boston, and brother of the lawyer, was Edward H. Welch, who had the happiness not only of returning to the church of his ancestors, but also of becoming a member of the Society of Jesus. The lawyer and priest numbered among their cousins the present Episcopalian Bishop of Fond du Lac, the Right Reverend Charles C. Grafton; and Mrs. Abbott, wife of the late Judge Abbott. In a word, John Welch of colonial Boston was the progenitor of a distinguished family.

How many of you could tell me who made the first piano-forte in America? And the first bass-viol? And the artificial leg with joints? And the first pack of playing cards? If you don’t know, it is not a matter of surprise, for those achievements are not chronicled in our histories.

Well, I’ll tell you. There lived in Dorchester or Milton between the years 1640 and 1650 a lad named Teague Crehore, who, it is said, had been stolen from his parents in Ireland.

One of his descendants was Benjamin Crehore, who was born in Milton. He was a remarkable genius. He it was who made the first piano-forte in America, manufactured the first bass-viols and invented the artificial leg with joints.

And it was Thomas Crehore, a nephew of Benjamin Crehore and the son of William Crehore, a chair maker, and of the fifth generation of Teague Crehore, who manufactured the first playing cards in America.

Thomas Crehore was a native of Dorchester and born in 1769. At the age of thirty-two he bought the land on which he built his factory and house. The industry continued there (in Milton Lower Mills, on the Neponset River, I believe) until 1846, when the factory was burned down. Mr. Crehore died in the same year, leaving a large estate.

The Crehores and John Cogan were not the only Kelts who were business pioneers here in the early days. The first paper manufactured in America was made in Dorchester and three Irishmen, while not actually starting it, may be said to have been among the founders and promoters of the industry (their predecessors having for only a short time conducted it). These were Capt. James Boies, Jeremiah Smith and Hugh McLean. Cullen in his Story of the Irish in Boston, says: “If to Mr. Smith belonged the credit of being the first individual paper manufacturer, to others of his countrymen is due the fact that the Neponset River was made by them the basis of paper manufacturing in the North American colonies.”

Boies was born in Ireland in 1702 and died in Milton at the age of ninety-six years. He was with General Wolfe in the battle on the Plains of Abraham. By direction of General Washington, Captain Boies directed the work of transporting the fagots, in which 300 teams were engaged, that were used in fortifying Dorchester Heights, following which event the British evacuated Boston. Boies was one of a committee of three which drew up instructions for the representatives of the town of Milton, wherein it was voted that the colony would support the Continental Congress with their lives and their fortunes in the event of hostilities with England.

Jeremiah Smith was a native of Ireland and born in 1705. At the age of twenty-one he came to Boston and in 1737 removed to Milton. In that year he became superintendent of a paper industry started by some men, including Thomas Hancock, a few years before. Four years later he was its owner. He carried on the business until 1775, when he retired, after amassing a fortune.

Smith was an intimate friend of Governor Hutchinson and also of Governor Hancock, at whose hospitable board the wits of the day were wont to gather. Smith was seldom absent on such occasions, and if he were blessed with the characteristic Keltic wit, as presumably he was, he must have added largely to the entertainment of Hancock and his guests.

Hugh McLean, the third of the trio, was born in Ireland in 1724. He married a daughter of Boies and while in partnership with him became wealthy. He died in Milton at the age of seventy-five.

Col. John C. Linehan, in his work The Irish Scots and the “Scotch-Irish,” says: “Massachusetts had received, before the Revolution, a fair proportion of the Irish, for which the race has received but little credit. * * * The chronicles of the town of Boston, Mass., are full of enactments to keep the Irish out, but it was found to be impossible. They would come despite the prejudice, for Massachusetts was the most progressive of the colonies, and these people, or many of them, being artisans, spinners, weavers, shoemakers, ropemakers, etc., their labor became welcome, and a compromise was made by obliging those of them who were well-to-do to furnish bonds for their poorer countrymen and women, to the end that they would not become public charges.”

And again: “As early as 1780 and 1790 John Sullivan, Patrick Connor and Michael Carney were associated in the manufacture of paper at Dorchester, Mass.”

Properly speaking, I should not quote this statement in my paper, as the dates mentioned are later than the limit of time with which my subject treats; but I deemed it fitting to do so as being supplementary to those facts given about the other three Kelts engaged in the business.

Among the chaplains of the French fleet which assisted the Americans in the Revolution was Abbe Robin. He wrote a series of letters to a friend describing his travels in this country; the first, dated in Boston, contained this paragraph:

“The Irish Presbyterians, discontented with their landlord at home and attracted by similarity of sentiment, have established in this place, with some success, manufactories of linen, and have made some attempts at broadcloths; those that have been lately manufactured are close and well woven, but hard and coarse; their hat manufactories have succeeded not better than the cloths; they are thick, spongy and without firmness, and come far short of the beauty and solidity of ours.”

Now it is fair to infer that these industries were not started since the beginning of the Revolution. Those things are not done in war-times for very obvious reasons. That they had been in operation for some years may be taken for granted.

And now here is evidence showing that one of these industries was started a long time previous to the date of the Abbe’s letter. The American Cyclopedia says: “Some of the Scotch-Irish settlers in Boston in 1720 introduced the linen manufacture, which exercised much interest and was greatly encouraged, spinning-schools being established.” I didn’t know until I read this paragraph that there was such an individual as a “Scotch-Irishman” in Boston in the early days. The writers of the records never found one; or if they did, failed to recognize him.

Now a word as to the alleged “Scotch-Irish” of early times in Boston: Thomas Hamilton Murray, secretary of the American-Irish Historical Society, says on the subject:

“The Massachusetts colonial records repeatedly mention the ‘Irish,’ not the Scotch-Irish. Cotton Mather in a sermon in 1700 says: ‘At length it was proposed that a colony of Irish be sent over to check the growth of this countrey.’ No prefix there * * *

“Cullen describes the arrival at Boston in 1717 of Captain Robert Temple ‘with a number of Irish Protestants.’ Captain Temple was, in 1740, elected to the Charitable Irish Society. In another place Cullen alludes to ‘the Irish spinners and weavers who landed in Boston in the early part of the eighteenth century.’”

One of the early citizens of Boston was William Hibbens, of Ireland, who came here in 1634. Like his countryman, John Cogan, he became prominent and wealthy. He was referred to in the colonial records as a gentleman. He served for a long time on the board of selectmen; as magistrate, agent of the colony in England, treasurer of the town stock; deputy to the General Court; highway surveyor; member of the commission to fortify Castle Island, and in other offices also labored for the interests of his townsmen.

Hibbens wedded Mrs. Ann Moore, a widow, and sister of Governor Bellingham. He died in 1654. Mrs. Hibbens was hung for alleged witchcraft two years later. She left her property to her two sons, John and Joseph Moore, of Ballyhorick, County Cork, Ire.

John Casey of Muddy River, as the now aristocratic town of Brookline was called in early days, was a participant in that conflict with the Indians known as King Philip’s War, fought in 1675–6. He took part in the attack on the Red Men’s fort in the Great Swamp in Rhode Island and was wounded in the engagement.

BRIG.-GEN. JOHN R. McGINNESS, U.S.A. (Retired.).

Norfolk. Va. ]

The name Collins is found frequently in the early records. Edward Collins was a resident of Cambridge as early as 1646. He was a merchant. Christopher Collins, a shoemaker, lived in Dedham as early as 1645. William Collins was in Boston as early as 1646. He was the New England agent of Mathew Craddock of London, a merchant. John Collins became a “freeman” in 1646. Timothy Collins, a servant, was brought to Boston in 1764 on a schooner which came from Halifax and Cork. Four years later came a lad set down in the records as William Collen, brought here on a sloop from Windsor.

Ann Collins, a servant, arrived here from Ireland in 1767. Captain Palfrey Collins came into port in 1768. Clement Collins was one of a number of citizens who lodged their arms with the selectmen in 1774. He gave up a gun and a blunderbuss. Joseph Collins, on January 1, 1775, was nominated a watchman. In the company of which Captain Allen was commander in 1698 was Mathew Collins. In a public school kept here by Samuel Holyoke, Daniel Collins was a pupil in 1753. Thomas Collins, a farmer, came here in 1765 on a sloop from Fort Cumberland. John Collins was a constable in 1657. Henry Collins was made a freeman in 1636–7 and Edward Collins in 1640.

Healy was another name of which I find mention on numerous occasions in colonial days. William Healy, who was here as early as 1645, figured in a number of real estate transactions and had business dealings with Governor Dudley.

One of the leading Keltic families of colonial Boston was the McCarthys. Thaddeus McCarthy was here as early as 1666. He was an officer of the town in 1674 and a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company in 1681.

One of his sons, if I mistake not, was Florence McCarthy, who became one of the leading citizens of the town, a man of wealth and a successful dealer in provisions. He was one of the founders of the first Episcopal church in New England. He was here as early as 1686 and died in 1712. He left an estate valued at £2,922, including his farm, which embraced the land in Roxbury on which the Marcella Street Home stood.

Another son was Captain William McCarthy, who was the best known ship-owner in the town. Still another was Thomas McCarthy. He was chosen a constable in 1727, but was not anxious to serve in that capacity. A fourth son was Thaddeus McCarthy, who was graduated from Harvard College, was pastor of the First Church in Worcester for thirty-seven years and became the father of fifteen children.

A brother of this Thaddeus McCarthy, the minister, was Captain William McCarthy, who served as quartermaster of the Fifteenth Massachusetts Regiment in the Revolution, and a son was Dr. Thaddeus McCarthy, who became a noted medical practitioner in Fitchburg, Mass., and Keene, N. H. A Charles Maccarty took part in the expedition against Quebec in 1690 and was badly wounded.

I will not vouch positively that I have stated accurately the relations to one another of these Maccarthys. There is a little difference in one or two statements in this matter by at least two good authorities, Bernard Cullen, author of The Story of the Irish in Boston, and the late Col. John C. Linehan of Concord, N. H., author of numerous articles on the early Irish residents of New England.

Now I am going to give you a few tid-bits, as it were, from the colonial records and other sources:

“Derman Mahoone is fined 20 shillings for intertaining two Irishwomen” in 1657. In other words, he simply gave them the hospitality of his home in a legitimate way. But that was against the law—for the Irish.

“Margaret Noriss, an Irishwoman is admitted to the town.” That was in 1658.

John Martin, a ship carpenter, was a resident in 1637 and was admitted an inhabitant in the following year.

John Moore was the servant of the governor in 1639.

Myles Tarne, a leather dresser, was here as early as 1642.

From the records of 1646 I quote: “John Berry is put an apprentice to Edward Keyly for seaven years.” Berry, undoubtedly, is a corruption of Barry, and Keyly of Kelly or Kiley.

I hardly need to remind you, in mentioning this, that the spelling of the keepers of the colonial records was something atrocious. William Healy, to whom I referred a moment ago, had his name spelled in at least five different ways.

James Carey was chosen town clerk of Charlestown in 1662.

A great fire occurred in Boston in 1760. Among those whose homes were destroyed were Captain Killeran and Michael Carroll. They lived in the district which we used to know as Fort Hill.

In 1659 Governor Endicott united in marriage John Morrell and Lysbell Morrell, both Irish, say the records.

James Cochran, an Irish boy, was captured by Indians in those early days. He was a brave youth and managed to kill a couple of savages and make his escape. The Boston News-Letter of April 29, 1725, said of him: “James Cochran, ye youth that came into Brunswick with two scalps, came into town on Monday last and on Tuesday produced ye same scalps before ye Honorable Lieutenant-Governor and Council, for which he received a reward of two hundred pounds. And for ye farther encouragement of young men and others to perform bold and hardy actions in ye Indian war, His Honor ye Lieutenant Governor has been pleased to make him sargeant in ye forces.”

Verily, a good type of the Fighting Race!

Now to come down to the second half of the period of time which I am considering. One of the most picturesque and interesting figures in the history of Boston was John Hancock, whom, some claim, had Irish blood in his veins. He was a staunch patriot, statesman, leader in public affairs, governor of the Commonwealth, orator and the first signer of the Declaration of Independence (which, by the way, with only his signature as president of the Continental Congress and that of Charles Thomson, a native of Maghera, Ire., as secretary, was sent forth to the world, the other names being added to it later).

As a bit of evidence which may help to indicate Hancock’s ancestry, it may be worth mentioning that he presented a bell and vane to the Irish Presbyterian Church in Boston.

A copy of The Tyrone, Ireland, Constitution, issued some time in or prior to 1876, contained these statements: “Those who are conversant with Reid’s History of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland are aware that multitudes of Protestants left Ulster for the plantations of North America. John Hancock’s ancestor was among that number.”

And again: “It is stated by reliable authorities that the ancestors of John Hancock emigrated from near Downpatrick, Co. Down, Ire., and settled in Boston toward the close of the seventeenth century. The Hancocks have been for centuries actively and largely engaged in the foreign and domestic trade of Newry, and it was, doubtless, in a commercial capacity that the first of the name came to Boston. The family to which President Hancock belonged is, it is said, now (1889) represented in Ireland by John Hancock of Lurgan, and by Neilson Hancock, the founder of the Irish Statistical Society. Anthony Hancock, who came from Ireland, resided in Boston in 1681, and he was evidently the founder of the family in America.”

Equal to Hancock in patriotism and brilliant qualities was James Sullivan, who spent the last part of his life in Boston. He was a governor of Massachusetts, patriot, jurist, orator and author and shone conspicuously in his various roles. He was a brother of General John Sullivan, New Hampshire’s most distinguished Kelt, patriot, the soldier who struck the first blow for the freedom of his country, delegate to the Continental Congress, jurist and chief magistrate of the Granite State.

These two great men were the sons of Owen Sullivan or O’Sullivan, who came from Ardea, Co. Kerry, while their mother was from Cork.

The year 1737 was notable in the annals of Boston as marking the birth of a lad who was destined, up to the present time, to become her greatest artist, “the American Vandyke,” as he was fittingly called. He was a painter of portraits and historical subjects, and doubtless many of you have seen some of the splendid works from his brush which enrich the Museum of Fine Arts. I refer to John Singleton Copley. He was the son of Irish parents (they were from County Clare), who settled in Boston in 1736.

Copley began his career under great disadvantages—without teacher or instruction, without model, without materials to practise. He even had to make his own palette and arrange what colors he used. Furthermore, he never saw a good picture until he left his native land. But notwithstanding all this, his genius triumphed.

When twenty-three years old, Copley sent, without name or address, an exquisite portrait of his half-brother, entitled “The Boy and the Flying Squirrel,” to Benjamin West, the famous English painter, requesting that it be placed in the exhibition rooms of the Royal Academy in London. Though it was contrary to the rules of that institution to give such an honor to the work of unknown artists, this product of the young American Kelt was placed there because of its merits and through West’s influence. West himself made this comment on the painting: “What delicious coloring! It is worthy of Titian himself!”

Copley spent the latter part of his life in London, and after achieving the most brilliant success and receiving high honors, died in 1815.

Some of his biographers assert that Copley left America because of royalist tendencies, but this is untrue. He did so simply to perfect himself in his art. As a matter of fact, his sympathies and judgment were enlisted with his countrymen in their struggle for independence, as passages in his own and friends’ correspondence conclusively prove.

Among the Massachusetts men who signed the Declaration of Independence was Robert Treat Paine of Boston. Paine, according to what is believed to be good authorities, had Irish blood in his veins. He was the grandson of Robert Paine, who came here about the year 1698. This Robert Paine was a brother of Henry O’Neill of Dungannon, Co. Tyrone, a descendant of Shane the Proud, Prince of Ulster, and cousin of Sir Neal O’Neill, who perished in the Battle of the Boyne. Henry O’Neill changed his name to Paine, which had been borne by a parental ancestor, in order to preserve part of his estates. So says O’Hart, compiler of Irish Pedigrees.

Robert Treat Paine, signer of the Declaration of Independence, was born in Boston in 1731. He became a lawyer and conducted the prosecution of the English soldiers who perpetrated the “Boston Massacre,” as it is called. He served in the legislature and was a delegate to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1778. When the State Constitution of Massachusetts was adopted in 1780 he was made attorney-general and served as such for six years, then becoming a judge of the Supreme Court.

Two of his descendants and namesakes are today prominent citizens of Boston, one a successful business man, while the other, his son, a few years ago was the candidate for governor on the Democratic ticket.

The first indication of the Irish in Boston giving any evidence of national spirit occurred in 1737, on St. Patrick’s Day, when twenty-six Protestant Kelts—they all belonged to the Irish Presbyterian Church—organized the Charitable Irish Society to aid unfortunate fellow countrymen and to cultivate a spirit of unity and harmony among all Irishmen in the Massachusetts colony and their descendants and to advance their interests socially and morally. It has held meetings and celebrations from that day down to the present, except during the Revolution, in which a number of members took part. It has the distinction of being the oldest Irish society in America. Some of the charter members were the founders of distinguished families.

One of the founders was Peter Pelham, stepfather of Copley, the artist. He was an engraver, painter and father of fine arts. The same year the society was founded the selectmen granted him permission to open a school for the education of children in reading, writing, needle-work, dancing and the art of painting on glass, etc.

Major-General Henry Knox, that brilliant and dashing soldier of the Revolution, and secretary of war, was also a member, as were his father and two uncles. General Knox was born in Boston in 1760.

The membership roll also contained the names of Capt. Robert Gardner, a wealthy and prominent citizen; Rev. John Moorehead, pastor of the Irish Presbyterian Church; William Hall, who was the first president of the Society and was a constable in 1730; John McLean, a slater, and who made repairs on Faneuil Hall; Captain James McGee, who had command of a vessel in the service of the commonwealth of Massachusetts Bay and which was wrecked during a great storm in 1778, when seventy-two of the crew perished; and William Moroney. The diary of Lieutenant Burton, published in the Revolutionary rolls of New Hampshire, mentions the appointment by Washington of Mr. Moroney as provost marshal of the army.

Among the soldiers serving in the Revolution was the son of Mr. Greaton, who kept the Greyhound Tavern in Roxbury. That boy became known to fame as General John Greaton. He belonged to the first company of minute men raised in America in 1775, and was chosen major, lieutenant-colonel and colonel of Heath’s regiment. After the battle of Lexington he was engaged in the skirmishes about Boston until he joined that memorable excursion to Quebec. He served throughout our struggle for independence and was one of Washington’s most trusted officers.

William Connolly was another Boston Kelt who fought in the Revolution. And so was Michael Cassady. Cassady was one of the patriots at Valley Forge.

Among the residents of Milton in colonial days was Anthony Gulliver, who was born in Ireland in 1619. He was the ancestor of a large number of able and influential men and women who have been prominent in public and religious affairs of Milton, Mass., for nearly two centuries.

The Story of the Irish in Boston contains the following interesting paragraph about a member of the Gulliver family:

“Capt. Lemuel Gulliver, who once lived at Algerine Corner, returned to Ireland in 1723 and gave a glowing description of the American country to his neighbor, Jonathan Swift. Lemuel’s imagination was vivid and fanciful and he turned it to a quaint account in this instance.

“He declared to Swift that ‘the frogs were as tall as his knees and had musical voices that were guitar-like in their tones; the mosquitoes’ bills were as long as darning needles’; and from these exaggerated and fabulous accounts of the country the great Swift conceived and wrote the famous Gulliver’s Travels, which was published in 1726, displaying a unique union of misanthropy, satire, irony, ingenuity and humor.”

CONCERNING “AN IRISH MAN-OF-WAR.”

Further information is wanted regarding the following incident mentioned in Winthrop’s History of New England: “A ship from the Colonies, carrying fourteen guns * * * on a voyage to the Canaries about the close of the year 1644, fought nearly all day at close quarters, and finally beat off an Irish man-of-war of superior force.” Additional details on this subject would be of great interest.

THEY FIRED THREE VOLLEYS.

In connection with a celebration of St. Patrick’s Day in Baltimore, Md., in 1798, it is noted that “at eleven o’clock Captain Stewart’s Irish brigade and Keating’s Irish grenadiers, accompanied by a detachment of Captain Weaver’s artillery, with two pieces of cannon, marched to Federal Hill and fired three volleys in honor of the day.”

AN EARLY DOUGHERTY MENTIONED.

The Boston Evening Transcript recently had the following: “Dougherty. Lieutenant Charles Dougherty removed to Framingham from Brookfield about 1765. When was he born and who were his parents? Was he son of Jane Dougherty, widow, whose will of 1763 mentions sons: Charles and Micah, and daughters: Elenor Patterson, Rebecca Getchell and Elizabeth Kendall? Any facts concerning early Massachusetts Doughertys will be appreciated.”

LIEUT. JOHN MICHAEL O’CONOR, U. S. A.

Hon. John D. Crimmins of New York City, in one of his books speaks of John Michael O’Conor. The latter was a native of New York; lieutenant in the Third U. S. Artillery, 1812; later, regimental quartermaster; was made captain in the spring of 1813; June 20, 1814, he was appointed assistant adjutant-general under Gardner, on Gen. Brown’s staff, and held the rank at the time of the battle of Chippewa, in which he participated. He left the army in 1821. He translated, in 1824, for the U. S. Military Academy at West Point, Guy de Vernon’s Science of War and Fortifications.

A SOLDIER OF THE REVOLUTION.

The society some time ago received an interesting letter of inquiry from Mrs. M. A. Mulcahy, residing at Jack’s Reef, Onondaga County, New York. She wrote concerning a granduncle, who served in the Revolution. His name was Flynn, and he came from the County Galway in Ireland. Dying, he left a will depositing certain money in the United States treasury. The heirs never received any of it. Mrs. Mulcahy wished to ascertain the proper steps to take to recover the same.

JAMES A. O’GORMAN.

New York City.

A JUSTICE OF THE NEW YORK SUPREME COURT. ]

THE BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS.

BY HON. A. L. MORRISON, SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO.

As Monday will be the anniversary of New Orleans, I thought I would send you the inclosed letter from General Jackson [who was of Irish parentage], which will help you to celebrate the great event. The introduction is somewhat mutilated, but you can get enough from it to serve as an introduction to the letter. A number of years ago I visited New Orleans, and I need not tell you that one of my most pleasant recollections of the visit was inspecting the field where 1,500 Kentucky and Tennessee riflemen killed or wounded 2,117 of England’s choicest troops, including their commander, General Pakenham, who was brother-in-law of the Iron Duke.

I saw while on the field an unfinished monument in honor of the brave men who won the battle. I made all the inquiries possible about the monument (which I regarded as a monument of ingratitude), but could find no one who could give me any information concerning it. I even wrote to the Picayune suggesting that as the exposition to celebrate the Louisiana Purchase was about to be held, the event would be a good opportunity to raise the funds necessary to finish the monument, but nothing was done and it still remains as a reproach to the last generation as well as to this.

Of course you know that the treaty of Ghent was signed on Christmas Day, 1814, so it was three weeks after that that the battle was fought; but it came in time to redeem the series of blunders that characterized the so-called campaign on the Canadian frontier. In this connection permit me to say that the house we live in was bought from a gentleman whose two grandfathers were present at the battle. I knew a man when I was a boy who fought on the British side, and also fought on the fatal field of Waterloo, in the Twenty-seventh Inniskillen Foot.

Following are the excerpts from General Jackson’s letter to which Mr. Morrison alludes above:

“The battle (says General Jackson) commenced at a very little before 7 a. m., January 8, 1815, and as far as the infantry was concerned it was over by 9 a. m. My force was very much mixed. I had portions of the 7th and 44th regular infantry regiments, Kentucky and Tennessee riflemen, Creoles, United States marines and sailors, Baratarian men—one of them, Captain Dominique You, commanded part of my artillery (and a famous gunner he was)—and two battalions of free negroes. I had in the action about 6,000 men. The British strength was almost the same as mine, but vastly superior in drill and discipline. Of their force my riflemen killed and wounded 2,117 in less than an hour, including two general officers (both died on the field, each a division commander), seven full colonels, with seventy-five line and staff officers. I lost six killed and seven wounded.

“As to tactics, there were very little in use on either side. We had some works of earth fronting the river, but the Kentucky and Tennessee riflemen, who sustained the main attack, had protected themselves by a work about two feet and a half high, made of logs placed two feet apart, and the space between filled in with earth. This work began at the Mississippi River, and ended in the swamp, being at a right angle with the river.

“Thinking this the weakest portion of our line, and seeing ununiformed men behind the trifling defenses, General Pakenham thought it the best thing to begin his attack by carrying this part of my line with the bayonet. On the 3d of January I had ordered that each rifleman’s powder-horn be filled, and enough lead for 100 bullets issued, besides good material for bullet-patching be furnished. This order required every soldier to thoroughly clean his rifle and put a new flint into the hammer; so we were ready as we could be for the attack.

“There was a very heavy fog on the river that morning, and the British had formed and were moving before I knew it. The disposition of the riflemen was very simple. They were told off in numbers one and two. Number one was to fire first, then step back and let number two shoot while he reloaded. About six hundred yards from the riflemen there was a great drainage canal running back from the Mississippi River to the swamp in the rear of the tilled land on which we were operating. Along this canal the British formed under the fire of the few artillery pieces I had, near enough to them to get their range. But the instant I saw them I said to Coffee, whom I directed to hurry to his line, which was to be first attacked: ‘By ——, we have got them; they are ours!’ Coffee dashed forward, and riding along his line, called out, ‘Don’t shoot till you can see their belt-buckles.’ The British were formed in mass, well closed up, and about two companies front.

“The British, thus formed, moved on at a quick step, without firing a shot, to within one hundred yards of the kneeling riflemen, who were holding their fire till they could see the belt-buckles of their enemies. The British advance was executed as though they had been on parade. They marched shoulder to shoulder, with the step of veterans, as they were. At one hundred yards’ distance from our line the order was given, ‘Extend column front. Double quick, march! Charge!’ With bayonets at the charge, they came on us at a run. I own it was an anxious moment; I well knew the charging column was made up of the picked troops of the British army. They had been trained by the duke himself, were commanded by his brother-in-law, and had successfully held off the ablest of Napoleon’s marshals in the Spanish campaign. My riflemen had never seen such an attack, nor had they ever before fought white men. The morning, too, was damp; their powder might not burn well. ‘God help us!’ I muttered, watching the rapidly advancing line. Seventy, sixty, fifty, finally forty yards were they from the silent kneeling riflemen.

“All of my men I could see was their long rifles rested on the logs before them. They obeyed their orders well; not a shot was fired until the redcoats were within forty yards. I heard Coffee’s voice as he roared out: ‘Now, men, aim for the center of the cross-belts! Fire!’ A second after the order a crackling, blazing flash ran all along our line. The smoke hung so heavily in the misty morning air that I could not see what had happened. I called Tom Overton and Abner Duncan, of my staff, and we galloped towards Coffee’s line. In a few seconds after the first fire there came another sharp, ringing volley. As I came within one hundred and fifty yards of Coffee, the smoke lifted enough for me to make out what was happening. The British were falling back in a confused, disorderly mass, and the entire first ranks of their column were blown away. For two hundred yards in our front the ground was covered with a mass of writhing wounded, dead and dying redcoats.

“By the time the rifles were wiped the British line was reformed, and on it came again. This time they were led by General Pakenham in person, gallantly mounted, and riding as though he was on parade. Just before he got within range of Coffee’s line, I heard a single rifle-shot from a group of country carts we had been using, about one hundred and seventy-five yards distant, and a moment thereafter I saw Pakenham reel and pitch out of his saddle. I have always believed he fell from the bullet of a free man of color, who was a famous rifle-shot, and came from the Atakappas region of Louisiana. The second advance was precisely like the first in its ending. In five volleys the 1,500 or more riflemen killed and wounded 2,117 British soldiers, two thirds of them killed dead or mortally wounded. I did not know where General Pakenham was lying, or I should have sent to him, or gone in person, to offer any service in my power to render.

“I was told he lived two hours after he was hit. His wound was directly through the liver and bowels. General Keene, I hear, was killed dead. They sent a flag to me, asking leave to gather up their wounded and bury their dead, which, of course, I granted. I was told by a wounded officer that the rank and file absolutely refused to make a third charge. ‘We have no chance with such shooting as these Americans do,’ they said.”

Commenting on the letter, and after referring to Napoleon’s expressions of admiration for the American leader’s action at New Orleans, William Hugh Roberts, the noted writer, said:

“This concludes the material part of General Jackson’s letter. It was in the feverish glories of the Hundred Days that Napoleon came into possession of Mr. Monroe’s translation. There was no doubt about the facts. There happened to be abroad then in France two or three American gentlemen who were accustomed to the use of the rifle. One of them selected a weapon out of the four sent from America to the French emperor, and in Napoleon’s presence did some really excellent sharpshooting at one hundred yards.

“Had Napoleon won Waterloo, it is possible that he would have organized a corps of sharpshooters and armed them with the American rifle, which was capable of a more deadly accuracy than any European arm of the kind, not excepting even the rifle of Switzerland. General Jackson repeated the compliment of Napoleon to the typical American weapon to General William Selby Harney, then a field officer of dragoons, who in turn related the incident to the writer.”

ANENT THE SHANNON FAMILY.

Eleanor Lexington, in the Buffalo Sunday News, states that Nathaniel Shannon, who was born in Ireland 1655, came to this country when he was thirty-two years old and made his home in Boston, where in 1701 he was a member of the Old South Church. Twenty-two years later he died, and the stone marking his grave in the Old Granary Burying Ground in Boston is still standing. Nathaniel’s brother, Robert, was mayor of Derry in 1689, and Nathaniel was also a man of affairs, holding many town offices. He was the first naval officer of the port of Boston and a merchant of prominence.

The papers now preserved in the Massachusetts State Archives show that he was a man of good education. His wife was Elizabeth, and their children were Nathaniel J., Robert, who is supposed to have died unmarried, and Samuel, who married Ann Miller. Nathaniel the second married Abigail Vaughan, whose father was one of the royal councillors and also chief justice of New Hampshire. Nathaniel and Abigail had two sons, Nathaniel and Cutts. The four children of Nathaniel were his namesake, and George, Margaret and Abigail. Nathaniel and his wife, Abigail Vaughan, lived in Portsmouth, N. H., where he was a ship merchant. He also lived in Ipswich. Among other records of this generation, still extant, is that of a deed conveying land to Jonathan Belcher, 1720. Nathaniel was a slave owner, and, by will, left negroes to his sons.

We find that Dover, N. H., was another stronghold of the Shannons, and Thomas, who married Lilias Watson, held many town offices. In 1785 he was captain of the New Hampshire militia. “He was a zealous supporter of the Revolution and active in recruiting its armies.” He died in 1800, aged about fifty years. Heitman’s Officers of the American Revolution names William Shannon of Virginia, ensign and lieutenant. O’Seanchain is said to have been the first form of the surname, Shannon. From O’Seanchain to Shanahan, Shanason, is considered an easy feat to accomplish by those who are skilled in such matters. Then from Shanahan to Shanon or Shannon is as easy as rolling off the proverbial log. Seanchain or Seanchan is composed of two Celtic words, “seancha,” meaning an antiquarian or genealogist, and “an,” one who. Seanchan is, then, one who is an antiquarian. Old records frequently give the name as Shanon, or with one “n.” The O’Sheanchains have a long pedigree, belonging, as they do, to that branch of the Celtic race which alone of all European races of the period antedating the Christian era has maintained its identity to the present time.

MR. THOMAS J. LYNCH. Augusta, Me. ]

MR. GEORGE W. McCARTHY. Portsmouth, N. H. ]

MR. ROGER G. SULLIVAN. Manchester, N. H. ]

THREE MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY.

REVIEW OF THE YEAR.

LEADING EVENTS IN THE CAREER OF THE SOCIETY FOR 1907, OR OF SPECIAL INTEREST TO THE MEMBERS.

January. Hon. James H. Higgins, mayor of Pawtucket, is this month inaugurated governor of Rhode Island. Hon. Patrick J. McCarthy is inaugurated mayor of Providence, R. I.

It is stated that the Rev. Joshua P. L. Bodfish, for the past twenty years rector of St. John’s Church, Canton, Mass., celebrates his seventieth year by resigning his pastorate, with the permission of Archbishop O’Connell. Father Bodfish purposes to devote the rest of his life to literary and charitable work. He is a member of the American-Irish Historical Society, comes of old Puritan stock, and is a veteran of the Civil War.

Jan. 3. Gunner Cornelius Cronin (U. S. N.) retired, has been promoted to be a chief gunner on the retired list to rank with, but after, ensign, from June 29, 1906, in accordance with the provisions of the naval appropriation act approved on that date.

Jan. 3. Chief Boatswain J. S. Croghan is by naval orders detached from the Franklin and ordered to command the Wasp. Boatswain J. Clancy is detached from the Franklin and ordered to the Wasp.

Jan. 8. Capt. D. P. Foley of the revenue cutter service is a member of the board which is announced to meet at Baltimore, Md., today, to consider applications.

Jan. 11. Julius L. Foy, a St. Louis (Mo.) member of the society, dies.

Jan. 24. Col. John Y. F. Blake, who led an Irish corps against the British army in the Boer War, was found dead today in his home, New York City, from gas asphyxiation. His death is believed to have been the result of accident, as there was no evidence of self destruction. Colonel Blake had served a long period in the United States army.

Jan. 24. Annual meeting and dinner of the Society. It was held at the Hotel Brunswick, Boston, Mass. Thomas B. Fitzpatrick of Boston presides.

February. This month appears the statement: Colonel Paul St. C. Murphy, a Brooklyn man, has assumed command of the Marine Corps stationed at the Brooklyn Navy Yard. Colonel Murphy succeeds Lieutenant-Colonel Mahoney, who has been assigned to the Marine Corps in the Philippine Islands. Colonel Mahoney has been in command of the local barracks for nearly two years.

Feb. 2. Death of Rt. Rev. William Stang, D. D., Roman Catholic bishop of Fall River, Mass. Bishop Stang was a member of the Society.

Feb. 9. Death in New Bedford, Mass., of John B. Sullivan, a member of the Society.

Feb. 21. Hon. John Cunneen, former attorney-general of New York state, dies at his home in Buffalo.

March. Mrs. Robert Gould Shaw of Boston, Mass., widow of Colonel Shaw, died this month. She was a daughter of Ogden Haggerty of New York.

At the sale of the Doherty estate, New York City, Stephen McPartland, of McPartland & O’Flaherty, paid $382,550 for a plot 100x100, at the southwest corner of 8th Avenue and 43d Street. This was at the rate of over $38 per square foot.

March. Brigadier-General Richard Comba (U. S. A.), retired, died in the Presidio, San Francisco, of heart disease. He was seventy years old. He was placed on the retired list when he reached the age limit, after a service of forty-six years. Few officers in the army saw more active service than General Comba. Born in County Limerick, Ireland, he entered the army as a private in 1855, when eighteen years old. For eight years he served as a private and a non-commissioned officer, and received his first commission as second lieutenant in 1863. He served with distinction through the Civil War, and was brevetted for gallantry at Gettysburg. At the close of the war he remained in the army, and served during many Indian campaigns, the promotions coming slowly. He was in command of the Twelfth Infantry in the Santiago campaign, and was later brigadier-general of volunteers. He served in the Philippines, in command of the Fifth Infantry, and until he retired was in command of the Province of Arba, Northern Luzon. General Comba came of good old Gaelic stock (the family being that of a branch of the O’Sullivan clan).

March 5. James S. Haley is re-elected mayor of Montpelier, Vt. James W. Ryan is chosen mayor of Vergennes, Vt.

March 15. Judge Thomas Maloney, who was private secretary to President Andrew Johnson, died on this date at Ogden, Utah, where he had lived for many years.

March 16. Statue in Philadelphia to Commodore John Barry is unveiled today. The exercises were of a very impressive character.

March 18. Vice-President Fairbanks addresses the Irish Fellowship Club of Chicago. He speaks on the Irish race in America.

April. Charles N. Harris, a member of the Society, is this month appointed a city magistrate of New York by Mayor McClellan.

April 3. Ex-Congressman Joseph H. Walker, Worcester, Mass., died this morning. He was born in Boston, 1829. His second wife was a daughter of Michael Kelley of New Hampton, N. H.

April 8. Hon. John D. Crimmins has sold today a collection of autographs and literary treasures. Letters and documents covering the Revolutionary War period were among this collection. The sale attracted much interest. Death of Col. Frances E. Lacey, a retired officer of the U. S. A., who had been residing with his son in New York City. Colonel Lacey served with distinction throughout the Civil War, with the Second Infantry, and participated in many great battles. He remained in the service at the reorganization in 1866, and was transferred to the Tenth Infantry, in which organization he remained for twenty-seven years, being the ranking officer in point of service in the regiment. He was then a major and assigned to the Seventeenth Infantry, and was at Columbus barracks. Major Lacey was in Columbus for two and one-half years from 1895. He was later made a lieutenant-colonel of the Third Infantry and retired in 1897 as a colonel on pay. Colonel Lacey was born in Limerick, Ireland, in 1833. He came to Columbus while a young man in time to join the forces of the Union. He was full of pluck and energy and made a model soldier. His promotions came rapidly. Colonel Lacey leaves three sons and one daughter, George B., who resides in Columbus; R. E., who resides in Columbus; Captain Francis E., of the First Infantry, now in the Philippines; Mrs. F. S. Cuchen, wife of Captain Cuchen of Governor’s Island. Interment was made at the National Cemetery, Fort Leavenworth, Kan. Colonel Lacey was a strong Irish Nationalist, and for many years a member of the Robert Emmet Association of Columbus, O. At a regular meeting of the association appropriate resolutions on his death were adopted.

April 9. Osborne Howes, Brookline, Mass., a member of the Society, died today. He was a descendant of David O’Killia, who settled on Cape Cod, Mass., as early as 1657.

April 14. The Boston Sunday Herald today has an article, in connection with the coming Jamestown exposition, relative to John Boyle O’Reilly’s visit to the Dismal Swamp in 1888, or thereabouts, in company with Edward A. Moseley, Esq.

April 19. The New York Times of this date has the following: “At the instigation of President McGowan, there will be introduced at the meeting of the aldermen on next Tuesday a resolution asking Mayor McClellan to see what can be done through the United States Department of State toward recovering from the British government part of the records of the City Fathers of proceedings in the Revolutionary period, and which the British took with them when they evacuated New York. Mr. McGowan has learned that the aldermanic records for that period are all that are required to make complete the city’s record of the legislative work done by the municipal authorities. There is a record showing that the missing papers were taken away by the English, and Mr. McGowan believes that if the British authorities were asked to return them they would either do so or would at least permit a copy of them to be made.”

April 20. At a meeting of the Fitchburg, Mass., Bar Association this morning, Mayor James H. McMahon presiding, resolutions were adopted for presentation to Gov. Curtis Guild, Jr., favoring the appointment of an associate judge of Worcester County probate court from the northern part of the county, and a committee was appointed to present to the governor the names of Thomas F. Gallager, judge of the Fitchburg police court, and Clark A. Batchelder as candidates.

April 21. Lieut.-Col. Lewis Smith (U. S. A.), of Washington, retired, died on April 21, aged seventy-three years. He was born in Ireland and enlisted in the army in 1851, serving as private, corporal and sergeant until 1862, when he was commissioned second lieutenant of the Third Artillery. In 1898, after forty-seven years’ service, he was retired with the rank of major, but was subsequently promoted to lieutenant-colonel.

April 22. A dispatch from Washington, D. C., announces the assignment of Lieut. M. O’Connor to the Fifteenth U. S. Cavalry. Gunner J. F. Carmody is assigned, by naval orders, to the Tacoma.

April 23. Annual banquet tonight in New York City of the Veteran Corps of the Sixty-Ninth Regiment. It was the anniversary of the departure of the regiment for the seat of war on April 23, 1861. There were about 250 men in the banquet hall, but it was a matter of comment that the great majority of these were young men. The veterans were there, what are left of them. The first hearty applause of the evening was given when Lieut.Gov. Chanler entered the room. Awaiting him at the guest table were Borough President Patrick F. McGowan, Senator John P. Cohalan, the Rev. Dr. David G. Wylie, Rev. Father Chidwick, Magistrate Matthew P. Breen and his son, Henry J. Breen, Col. Edward Duffy, Justice John Henry McCarthy, Thomas J. Byrne, William F. Baker, president of the civil service board; Thomas E. Crimmins and Magistrates Baker and Walsh. There were others, too.

April 27. Hon. William Shepherd, ex-mayor of Lynn, Mass., died late today at the Carney Hospital, Boston. He was a native of Ireland and was born in 1837. He came to this country when a boy. He was mayor of Lynn for several terms.

April 30. Governor Higgins of Rhode Island today formally opened the Rhode Island building at the Jamestown Exposition, Virginia. He was introduced by Judge Blodgett of the Supreme Court of Rhode Island and chairman of the Rhode Island commission, as the youngest governor of any state in the Union.

May. General Peter Leary, Jr., has written to the U. S. war department, on behalf of residents of Baltimore, Md., against the proposition to dismantle Fort McHenry of its guns. An answer has been received stating that if the city would pay for the gun carriages it can have the guns themselves. The war department places a value of about $800 on ten gun carriages, seven of which are at Fort McHenry and three at Fort Delaware. General Leary wrote the department that there is a movement on foot to raise the amount by popular subscription, and asked a month’s grace before the guns are dismantled.

May 1. It is announced from Washington, D. C., that James Jeffrey Roche of Massachusetts, U. S. consul at Genoa, has been promoted to be consul at Berne.

May 5. Hon. Patrick Keenan, city chamberlain of New York, passed away today, much and deservedly regretted.

MR. JOHN F. DOYLE, New York City. ]

MR. JAMES J. PHELAN, New York City. ]

MR. M. R. F. McCARTHY, Binghamton, N. Y. ]

HON. CORNELIUS HORIGAN, Biddeford, Me. ]

JUDGE JOHN J. McDONOUGH, Fall River, Mass. ]

FIVE MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY.

May 6. Mayor McClellan of New York City writes as follows: May 6, 1907. To the Honorable, the Board of Aldermen of the City of New York: Gentlemen:—It is my duty to inform your honorable body, for such action as you may deem fitting, of the death of Patrick Keenan, chamberlain of the city of New York. For seven consecutive terms a member of your honorable body, once your presiding officer, once clerk of the county of New York, and thrice chamberlain of the city, Mr. Keenan enjoyed public confidence to an extent attained by few men. He died in the fulness of man’s allotted years, with no tarnish on the honor he prized so much, and with only words of grief and praise from the friends who venerated him and the citizens he faithfully served. It is my privilege thus to express my sorrow at the loss of a friend whose conduct rewarded the trust I twice had the honor to repose in him.

Respectfully,

GEO. B. MCCLELLAN, Mayor.

May 11. Admiral McGowan, president-general of the Society, sailed today from New York for Antwerp.

May 13. J. Taylor Ellison, lieutenant-governor of Virginia, for the Jamestown Exposition officials, has asked the city of Albany for the loan of the oil portraits of former governors John Jay, Dewitt Clinton and George Clinton, and former Mayor Dirck Tenbroeck, which hang in the common council gallery, and the original Dongan charter of the city of Albany of 1686, as well as the framed bill of expense for the trip of Indian chiefs to England in 1710, which hangs in the mayor’s office. The city authorities are in doubt whether to comply with the request. The portraits asked for were painted by artists from special sittings by the originals and the Dongan charter is priceless.

May 15. Information comes from Washington, D. C., that Capt. Michael J. McDonough, Corps of Engineers, is relieved from duty at the West Point Academy and will join his proper station.

May 18. A dispatch from Washington, D. C., says that it was announced at the state department today that Thomas J. O’Brien of Michigan, United States minister to Copenhagen, will become ambassador to Japan in September, on the retirement of Luke E. Wright of Tennessee, who has given notice to the department that he wishes to leave the service at that time. A successor to Mr. O’Brien at Copenhagen has not yet been secured.

May 23. Word from Washington, D. C., states that Dr. Maurice Francis Egan, professor of English language and literature at the Catholic University of America, today accepted the post of minister to Denmark, offered to him by President Roosevelt. The date on which he will enter upon his duties will be determined by the State department.

May 27. Word comes from Copenhagen that King Frederick has given a farewell dinner to the retiring American minister, Mr. O’Brien, and Mrs. O’Brien, Mr. O’Brien having been appointed American ambassador at Tokio.

June. Army orders this month at the war department, Washington, D. C., grant leave of absence, from July 15 to August 31, to Major Timothy D. Keleher. Paymaster Capt. Charles G. Dwyer is to report to the paymaster-general of the army for temporary duty at a certain point.

June 9. Col. James B. Quinn of the U. S. Engineer Corps is retired.

June 13. From Washington, D. C., is announced the appointment of Major Thomas B. Dugan, Twelfth U. S. Cavalry, as a member of a board to meet at Kansas City, Mo., for inspection duty. First Lieutenant John C. Murphy, Fourth U. S. Infantry, having been found incapacitated for active service from disability, is retired about this date.

June 14. About this date, First Lieut. Thomas F. Ryan, Eleventh U. S. Cavalry, recruiting officer, Springfield, Mass., is ordered to Bellows Falls, Vt., to secure certain evidence.

June 24. President Theodore Roosevelt today appointed Michael E. Bannin of New York a member of the board of Indian commissioners, to succeed Maurice Francis Egan, who resigned to accept a diplomatic post. Mr. Bannin is a member of the American-Irish Historical Society.

July 3. An order issued at the war department, Washington, D. C., about this date, provides that Capt. Michael J. Lenihan, of the general staff, will proceed to New London, Ct., and witness and report on joint army and militia post defence exercises to be held July 15 to July 26. Upon the completion of his duties at New London, Captain Lenihan will proceed to the artillery district of Boston and witness and report on the joint army and militia coast defence exercises in that district July 28 to August 3. He will then go to the artillery district of Portland for like duty.

July 9. It is announced from Washington, D. C., that Major Daniel E. McCarthy, quartermaster, is relieved from duty in the Philippine division, to take effect upon the arrival of Major Bingham of Manila, and will proceed to San Francisco and report by telegraph to the adjutant-general of the army for instructions.

July 17. First Lieut. James Bourke, assistant surgeon, is ordered by the war department to report August 15 to Major William H. Arthur, president of the examining board, Washington, D. C., for examination for advancement.

July 17. By orders issued about this date by the war department, Capt. Michael J. McDonough, when relieved at the U. S. Military Academy, will proceed to Fort Leavenworth, Kan., and report to the commanding officer for duty with the third battalion of engineers.

July 17. Lieut. Peter J. Hennessey, Fifth U. S. Cavalry, by orders from the war department, will accompany the two troops of cavalry and the machine guns, national guard of Rhode Island, on practice march, commencing July 22, and upon the completion of this duty will return to Fort Adams, R. I.

August. Information from the war department, Washington, D. C.: William J. O’Loughlin, who has been a second lieutenant in the Second U. S. Infantry, has been promoted to first lieutenant and assigned to the Fourteenth Infantry. John J. Ryan, first lieutenant, Twelfth U. S. Cavalry, has been promoted to captain and assigned to the Tenth Cavalry. First Lieutenant John G. Donovan, Coast Artillery, is allowed about this time, with other officers, ten days’ leave of absence. Second Lieutenant James O’Connor has been assigned to Havana for duty with the Second Battalion of Engineers.

August. Death of Peter McDonnell, a member of the American-Irish Historical Society, dies. His death took place aboard the White Star steamer Oceanic, while he was returning from a visit to Ireland.

August. David McClure of New York City, a member of the American-Irish Historical Society, participated in the dedication this month of a monument at Fontenoy. The monument commemorates the valor of the Irish brigade in the battle of Fontenoy, 1745.

Aug. 18. There is an article in the Boston Sunday Globe today on the library of Dr. M. F. Sullivan, Lawrence, Mass. It is of an appreciative nature and devotes considerable attention to the publications of the American-Irish Historical Society.

Aug. 25. Edward A. Kelly died at Cohasset, Mass., about this date. Mr. Kelly was in the eighth generation from John Kelly, one of the early settlers of Newbury, Mass., who is believed to have come to that place about 1635.

Sept. 13. A reunion of the McGillicuddys took place today at Glen’s Falls, N. Y. The occasion was one of very great interest to members of this historic old Irish family. An organization was formed and officers were elected.

Sept. 28. A despatch from Yokohama states that Secretary Taft arrived there today on board the steamer Minnesota from Seattle, passing all the signal stations without being sighted. The reception committees and the members of the American embassy, who had come there from Tokio to welcome Mr. Taft, were aroused by rumors, the town was soon enlivened and the bay crowded with launches displaying American flags and other colors. Secretary and Mrs. Taft and Thomas J. O’Brien, the new American ambassador to Japan, and Mrs. O’Brien met the visitors from the shore in the main saloon of the Minnesota at 7.30 a. m., while the United States cruiser Chattanooga, anchored in the bay, saluted Secretary Taft’s flag, as secretary of war, which was hoisted at the fore.

Oct. 15. William B. Sullivan, Danvers, Mass., reads a paper before the St. Mary’s School Alumni Association, Salem, Mass., on “The Early Catholic Church in Massachusetts.” He later had the paper brought out in pamphlet form. Mr. Sullivan is a member of the American-Irish Historical Society.

Oct. 19. A telegram published today states that a turret accident on board the battleship Connecticut, similar to those on the Georgia and several other of the U. S. big fighting ships, was averted by the presence of mind and heroism of Lieut. William Pigott Cronan, has just come to light through the summoning of a board of inquiry at the New York navy yard. According to the story, Lieutenant Cronan was in command of one of the eight-inch guns on the Connecticut during recent target practice off New England. As the powder charge was thrust into the gun, the lieutenant noticed that from a small hole in the bag a quantity of powder had escaped and fallen into the threads into which the breech-block of the gun screws. Realizing that the action of screwing the breach-block back home would ignite the powder before the block could be firmly screwed home, causing the entire charge to explode back into the turret, Lieutenant Cronan shouted an order which stopped every man in the turret, as he stood, except the man who was closing the breech of the gun. He did not hear the shout and continued to swing the block home. Lieutenant Cronan sprang forward and thrust his hand into the breech of the gun. The breech closed on his hand, badly mangling it and cleanly cutting off the first finger, which fell into the grooves and caused the closing mechanism to clog. The sailor at the breech of the gun fainted when he discovered what he had done and what he had narrowly escaped doing. If the breech had been closed it is likely that every man in the turret would have been killed. The board of inquiry was called to determine how the hole came into the powder bag. Cronan is a son of Patrick J. Cronan of New Haven. During the war with Spain, Lieutenant Cronan was highly commended for several acts of bravery. The following is another account: While the battleship Connecticut was engaged in target practice off Cape Cod last week, Lieutenant William P. Cronan undoubtedly prevented a repetition of the fatal explosion on the Georgia by staying the closing of the breech of the eight-inch barker in the after turret by inserting his fingers in the breech grooves just as the heavy butt of metal was swinging into place. When they swung back the breech-block the fragments of his first and second fingers, severed at the first joint, were found ground into the grooves. The Connecticut had joined the rest of the squadron in target practice off Cape Cod last week and all of the eight-inch guns were being worked. The firing was fast, it being a part of the test that the guns should be fired as rapidly and as accurately as possible, and in order to outdo the sailors on the other ships that were engaged in the practice, the Connecticut’s men were working hard to load, train and fire the four big tubes in the starboard and port turrets. The eight men working under command of Lieutenant Cronan in the aft starboard turret were swinging to their task like pieces of mechanism in a single machine. Two men worked the powder hoist from the magazines below, two swabbed out the gun after each shot, two lifted the bags of powder into the breech after the heavy shell had been placed, and one man swung back and locked the breech for the firing. It was bang! and in an instant the breech was open and the men were sucking in the powder fumes while they swabbed and hoisted and charged the big gun for another shot. The gun got so hot that it was difficult to place a hand on the breech without blistering it. The men with the water swabs kept the temperature down to the safety point inside the chamber, but even at that it was almost hot enough to flash powder and a little friction would have been enough to set off any spare grains.

Nov. 1. Rt. Rev. Mgr. Thomas H. Wallace, a member of the American-Irish Historical Society, died this evening. He was rector of St. Patrick’s Church, Lewiston, Me.

Nov. 5. Hon. James H. Higgins is re-elected governor of Rhode Island. Hon. Patrick J. McCarthy is re-elected mayor of Providence, R. I.

Nov. 9. Capt. Dennis E. Nolan, Thirtieth U. S. Infantry, has been ordered to the Philippines as inspector of constabulary.

Nov. 9. A dispatch from Durham, N. H., which was published in the Boston Herald today, reads as follows: (Special Dispatch to the Sunday Herald.) Durham, N. H., Nov. 9.—For some years there has been a movement to restore the burial place of Maj.-Gen. John Sullivan, who died in Durham January 23, 1795. This labor of love, shared by many prominent people both in and out of Durham, is now completed. A substantial wall has been erected around the little cemetery, the lot has been cleared and graded, the gravestones reset and iron gates provided at the entrance. As marking the end of this labor, a Sullivan commemoration service has been planned for next Monday afternoon, and an invitation to attend the ceremonies is extended to all who cherish the dead general’s memory. Descendants of General Sullivan, members of the Grand Army posts and various historical societies and many others have already signified their intention of being present. The program will include an oration by the Rev. William Elliot Griffis, D. D., of Ithaca, N. Y., a celebrated authority on matters pertaining to General Sullivan. The faculty of the New Hampshire State College have volunteered to suspend college exercises during the ceremonies, and the student battalion and college brass band will perform escort duty. The procession will start from the Congregational Church at 2.30 o’clock, proceeding to the cemetery, where the exercises will be held. The oration will be delivered at the church immediately afterward. The house General Sullivan occupied will be open for inspection by visitors during the day, also every department of the state college and its work, in which institution patriotism for present day needs is being nurtured.

December. Death at Quebec this month of the Hon. Felix Carbray, a member of the Society.

Dec. 2. Congressman Wiley of Alabama introduced the following bill in the National House of Representatives today. It was referred to the committee on the library and ordered to be printed: A Bill for the erection of a monument to Jeremiah O’Brien: Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the sum of fifty thousand dollars be, and the same is hereby appropriated, out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the erection in the city of Washington, District of Columbia, of a monument to the memory of Jeremiah O’Brien, upon which shall be inscribed the words:

Erected to the memory of

The heroic Irish-American,

JEREMIAH O’BRIEN,

Who captured

In the first sea fight of

The Revolutionary War

The British schooner Margaretta.

Said sum shall be expended under the direction of the secretary of navy, or such officer as he may designate, and in such sums as the work may require from time to time.

Dec. 30. A meeting of the executive council of the Society was held this evening at the Narragansett Hotel, Providence, R. I.

MR. WILLIAM F. CLARE, New York City. ]

NATHANIEL DOYLE, New York City. ]

HON. D. J. McGILLICUDDY, Lewiston, Me. ]

M. B. SULLIVAN. M. D., Dover, N. H. ]

FOUR MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY.

NECROLOGY.

The following members of the Society died during the year 1907, much and deservedly regretted:

Rt. Rev. WILLIAM STANG. D.D.

Bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of Fall River, Mass., died February 2, at St. Mary’s Hospital, Rochester, Minn. He was born at Langenbruchen, Baden-Baden, Germany, on April 21, 1854. His early education was received in the German Gymnasia, but as he had chosen the career of a missionary, he made his theological studies in the American College at Louvain, Belgium, and was there ordained to the priesthood, on June 15, 1878. After a brief service as professor in his Alma Mater, he came to the United States in 1879, and was accepted by the late Bishop Hendricken into the diocese of Providence, R. I. He adopted his new country in wholehearted fashion. In 1884, Father Stang was appointed rector of St. Anne’s Church, Cranston, R. I. He became rector of the Providence Cathedral, and held that important charge until 1895, when he returned to Louvain, to serve his church and country as vice-rector of the American College for a term of three years. Back to Providence in 1898, he organized and headed the Providence apostolate—a band of missionary priests organized especially for missions to non-Catholics. He was also rector of St. Edward’s Church for three years, and then chancellor, until the division of the diocese of Providence in 1904, and his appointment to the new diocese of Fall River. Bishop Stang was consecrated in the Providence Cathedral during the same year, on May 1. He managed to combine the arduous ordinary work of the priesthood with the special work of the continuous student and author. Almost from the first year of his priesthood he was writing for the Catholic magazines and bringing out books. His published works, the last of which was brought out since his consecration, are: “The Life of Martin Luther,” “The Eve of the Reformation,” “More About the Huguenots,” “Germany’s Debt to Ireland,” “Pastoral Theology,” “Historiographia Ecclesiastica,” “The Business Guide for Priests,” “Theologia Fundamentalis Moralis,” “The Devil, Who He Is,” “Spiritual Pepper and Salt,” and “Socialism and Christianity.” His last magazine article, “Father Denifle and His Great and Lasting Work,” appeared in the American Ecclesiastical Review for January, 1907.

JOHN B. SULLIVAN

of New Bedford, Mass. He died there February 9. Mr. Sullivan was born in Castletown, County Cork, June 24, 1847, the son of Timothy and Honora (Harrington) Sullivan. He received a common school education in his native town and in 1867 came to this country and settled in New Bedford. He learned the stone mason’s trade, at which he worked until 1882, when he began contracting and building. The latter business he pursued with conspicuous success up to the time of his death, being associated for a number of years past with his son, Mark E. Sullivan. A number of noteworthy New Bedford buildings have been erected by Mr. Sullivan. Among them are St. Mary’s Home, St. Lawrence’s presbytery, the Holy Family School, the tower of St. Lawrence’s Church, St. James’ Church, St. Mary’s Chapel, the Park Hotel, No. 8 Engine House, the Connell block on Purchase St., the Dawson building and the addition to St. Joseph’s Hospital. He built several schoolhouses for the city, and on the second set of plans for the high school was the lowest bidder. His firm secured the contract for finishing St. Anthony’s Church. Besides a large number of public buildings, Mr. Sullivan was an extensive builder of houses in the north part of the city. He carried on a stone quarry in addition to his building business. Mr. Sullivan was a trustee of St. Lawrence parish, a member of and one of the organizers of the Master Builders’ Association, and a member of the New Bedford Board of Trade, the Plymouth Club and Holy Name Society of St. Lawrence Church. In August, 1872, he married Miss Margaret Sullivan, who died, leaving one son, Mark E. By his second wife, who was Katherine E. Sullivan, he had two children, Mary and Frank.

OSBORNE HOWES.

He was a descendant of David O’Killia, who settled on Cape Cod, Mass., as early as 1657. Osborne Howes was born in Boston in 1846 and was educated in private and public schools of the city. Soon after his graduation he entered the service of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company on the steamers of that line running between Panama, San Francisco and Hongkong. After three years thus spent on the Pacific coast, he went to New York City and there began a connection with newspaper work which continued almost up to the time of his death. Beginning in the office of the New York Tribune, he was afterward employed by the New York Times, serving on that paper during its exposé of the “Tweed ring.” In 1873 he accepted the position of secretary of the Boston board of fire underwriters, and was always thereafter identified with that body. Having resumed his residence in Boston, he was appointed from time to time to various public offices. As representative of the board of underwriters he was instrumental in having that board take action upon several important public questions. The resolution committing the associated board of trade to the principle that all future subways in Boston should be built under such conditions that they would ultimately revert to the city, was drawn up, presented and urged by him, and as a result of its adoption the Boston Associated Board of Trade was the foremost opponent on this question of excessive corporate demands. As a member of the Boston Chamber of Commerce, Mr. Howes was chairman of its committee on the Isthmian canal, and vice-chairman of its committee on reciprocal trade relations with Canada. In this latter connection he addressed the boards of trade and chambers of commerce, not only of a number of the cities of New England, but those of New York, Philadelphia, Buffalo, Indianapolis and other cities of the West. In 1891, feeling convinced that it was desirable that public action should be taken toward educating young men to become competent seamen, he prepared, introduced and succeeded in having the legislature adopt a bill creating the Nautical Training School, which the commonwealth now maintains on board the U. S. S. Enterprise. From 1875 to 1877, inclusive, Mr. Howes was a member of the common council of Boston, representing the South End ward, in which he then resided. In 1886 he moved his residence to the town of Brookline, and besides serving on various town committees, became a member of the rapid transit commission, to which he was appointed by Governor Russell; also a member of the metropolitan district (Greater Boston) commission, to which he was appointed by Governor Greenhalge. In 1884 Mr. Howes was a member of the special committee of fifteen which prepared the new Boston city charter; he also served as one of the trustees of the public library. Mr. Howes in 1901, and again in 1902, was nominated as the Democratic candidate for the state senate in the second Norfolk district, but was defeated on both occasions. On the first occasion, in his letter of acceptance, he described the state platform of the Democratic party as “an attempt to bring back the government machinery of the commonwealth to something approaching the simplicity of its earlier days.” On the second he championed “more liberal and advantageous trade relations between New England and Canada.” In 1904 Mayor Collins appointed him to an unsalaried position as member of the board of building inspection. The following year Mr. Howes took a leading part as chairman of the committee on resolutions in preparing the platform of the Democratic party in the state contest. Mr. Howes was Japanese consul in Boston at the time of his death, which sad event took place April 9.

PETER McDONNELL.

Born in Ireland, died aboard the White Star steamer Oceanic, in August, while returning from Ireland. Mr. McDonnell first came to this country when a young man. For a long time he had represented the railroads successfully at Castle Garden, the Barge Office and Ellis Island. He was also interested in the steamship business at the immigration station and carried on a big banking business at No. 2 Battery Place. When he went to his old home in Ireland in the spring he was in poor health. He was accompanied by his wife and one of his six sons. Mr. McDonnell was the secretary and a director of the Columbia Oil Company of New York, one of the few rivals of the Standard Oil Company, and a director of the New York Mortgage and Securities Company. He was a member of the Catholic Club and for many years of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick. When President Roosevelt was the guest of the latter organization in 1905, it will be remembered the birth of Mr. McDonnell’s grandson, which was announced at the dinner, was one of the features of the occasion.

JOHN B. SHEA.

Born in Kenmare, Ireland, 1835; he came to this country when he was seven years of age. He died late in 1907. Mr. Shea was very successful in business. He went to work for Andrew Berrian, a pen manufacturer, in 1849, and after being employed by Bard Bros. of Philadelphia, Alexander Morton and Leroy W. Fairchild, he entered the factory of Aikin, Lambert & Co., the Maiden Lane, New York, jewelers, as foreman. In 1869 he was admitted to partnership, and when the concern was incorporated, he became its vice-president, which position he held up to the time of his death. Mr. Shea never married and is survived by a sister, Mary, and a brother, Michael. He was a brother of the late Denis Shea, clothier of Broome and Crosby streets, who was the Republican district leader of the Second district from early in the 90s, until his death, about three years ago. John B. Shea was his trustee.

Rt. Rev. Mgr. THOMAS H. WALLACE.

He was born in Somersworth, N. H. He died in Lewiston, Me., November 1. After finishing his course in the Somersworth High School, he graduated in 1864, entered Holy Cross College, Worcester, Mass., and carried off the highest honors of his class at his graduation in June, 1868. In the following September he entered the Theological Seminary of St. Sulpice, Montreal. He was ordained priest by the first bishop of Portland, the Rt. Rev. David William Bacon, D. D., in the Cathedral, Portland, Me., August 5, 1871. After his ordination he was first sent as assistant to the pastor at Waterville, whose parish included twelve or fifteen missions. Here the young priest began his mission work and displayed that tireless energy and zeal that gave promise of his future success. In 1872 he was transferred to St. Dominic’s Church in Portland to assist the Rev. Eugene M. O’Callaghan, who is now the Rt. Rev. Monseigneur, and vicar general of the diocese of Manchester, N. H. The careers of both priests have been very similar, each of them receiving the purple in 1905. Father Wallace succeeded Father O’Callaghan as rector of St. Dominic’s and to this day both are most lovingly remembered by the old members of the parish. In August, 1876, Father Wallace was appointed rector of St. Joseph’s, Lewiston, which has been the scene of his labors for the past thirty-one years. He found St. Joseph’s with a debt which he set to work at once to pay off. In March, 1880, he purchased the Bonallie Block on Main Street. He remodelled this block and fitted it for a school for the girls of the parish at an expense of $30,000. He placed the school under the charge of the nuns of Notre Dame from Montreal. In 1886 he purchased the fine property at the corner of Bates and Walnut streets, at a cost of $25,000. This lot fronts on the City Park and is the most beautiful site for a church in the state. He began work at once on the foundation of the church and on June 24, 1887, the corner stone was laid by the lamented Bishop Healy, with appropriate ceremonies. The dedication sermon was preached by the Rt. Rev. Thomas J. Conaty, D. D., who is now bishop of Monterey and Los Angeles, Cal. The first mass in the sacred edifice was celebrated in 1890.

HON. FELIX CARBRAY, M. R. I. A.,

A MEMBER OF THE SOCIETY, RECENTLY DECEASED. ]

Hon. FELIX CARBRAY, M. R. I. A.

A native of Quebec, born in 1835. He died in Quebec in December, 1907. His parents were from the County Tyrone, Ireland, and came to Canada in the early 30s. The father, Niall Carbray, was born at Carrickcastle, near Dungannon. The old Carbray homestead still exists there and is occupied by a member of the family. His mother was Catherine Connolly, a native of Clogher, County Tyrone. Felix, the son, subject of this sketch, was educated at private schools and at the Christian Brothers, in his native city. Endowed with natural talents of no ordinary character and with a thirst for knowledge, he applied himself earnestly in the effort to improve his education in every possible way. He distinguished himself in mathematics and literature. He was endowed with a great aptitude for the acquisition of foreign languages, and was familiar with the Spanish, Portuguese, Italian and French. He was as thoroughly familiar with French as with English. Thus well equipped with a superior education and a worthy ambition to make his mark in life, he began a business course in April, 1854, as an accountant, which he continued in some of the leading houses in his native city for fifteen years. In May, 1869, he opened an office as a general commission and shipping merchant, which from the beginning was most successful. In the spring of 1870, he took as partner, Francis Routh, son of the late Sir Randolph Routh. His mother was a Taschereau, sister of the late Cardinal Taschereau and of the late Chief Justice Taschereau. The new firm, Carbray & Routh, which a few years later became Carbray, Routh & Co., opened an office also in Montreal, Mr. Carbray managing the business of the Quebec office and Mr. Routh that of the Montreal office. The new firm had a long, prosperous and honorable career. No firm was more widely known all over the business world, nor did any stand higher for integrity and honor. The partnership, having expired in 1900, was dissolved and the affairs liquidated; this being found to the mutual advantage of the associates. Mr. Carbray continued the business at Quebec with his son, William, under the name of Carbray, Son & Co., and Mr. Routh that of Montreal under the style of F. A. Routh & Co. Both firms have been very successful and bid fair to go on down the generations like many of the old houses of Europe. The high character and abilities of Felix Carbray at an earlier date attracted the attention of his fellow citizens, and every mark of esteem and confidence was shown him. He loved Ireland, the land of his fathers, with an intense love, and threw himself heart and soul into every movement tending to promote her cause or the welfare of his race. No Irishman of his time in Quebec did more to raise the prestige of the Irish race and the cause of Ireland among the peoples of other races. In 1883, Redpath’s Weekly says of Mr. Carbray: “He is a gentleman of high culture and deep learning. His linguistic attainments are also remarkable. He speaks the French and English languages with equal fluency, and as both are used in the Quebec legislature, Mr. Carbray addresses the house in one or the other with equal elegancy, as circumstances may require. He also converses freely in Italian, Spanish and Portuguese. The high esteem in which he is held by his Irish fellow citizens is best shown by the fact that they have never missed an occasion to put him in every place of honor and trust within their gift. He is at present their worthy representative in the parliament of the Province of Quebec, as a member of the West Division of the city, which, though it contains the leading British commercial men of Quebec, is controlled by the Irish vote. Mr. Carbray is an eloquent and forcible orator, his recent speech on the occasion of the reading of ‘the speech from the throne,’ having been pronounced by the Canadian press as the most remarkable English speech ever delivered in the Quebec legislature. In his public capacity Mr. Carbray has never made an enemy, while as a private citizen he has hosts of friends.” Rose, in his Cyclopedia of Canadian Biography, says of him: He was educated at Quebec, where he has resided throughout his life, though he has traveled extensively in America and Europe, principally on business connected with the trade in lumber, in which his house is engaged. He was one of the pioneers of the lumber trade between the St. Lawrence and South America, and is still largely interested in it. In addition to his other duties, he fills the important position of consul of Portugal at the port of Quebec. A Catholic in religion, Mr. Carbray has been honored by the St. Patrick’s congregation of Quebec with election and re-election as one of the trustees, and is also a trustee of that noble Irish Catholic charity, the St. Bridget’s Asylum of Quebec. He has taken an equally active and leading part in all the local national movements of his fellow countrymen, and has been president of the St. Patrick’s Literary Institute, the Irish National Association, and other Irish bodies in Quebec. He is a Liberal-Conservative in politics, and at the provincial general elections in 1881, yielding to the solicitations of his friends, he ran as the party candidate for the electoral division of Quebec West, and, after a hard fight, was elected by a good majority to represent that constituency in the legislative assembly in the province. His parliamentary career was very creditable. Though he did not often address the house, he was always listened to with the utmost respect, being an equally good speaker and debater in both English and French, and never wasting his powder except on serious and interesting subjects with which he was most conversant, such, especially, as questions of finance and commerce. In May, 1854, he married Miss Margaret Carberry, a daughter of the late William Carberry of Carrick-on-Suir, Ireland, of whom he had four sons and six daughters. Those still living are: Herbert of Montreal; William, Quebec; Thomas John, a promising lawyer; Mrs. P. L. Connor, Boston; Mrs. Alfred Carroll, Montreal, and Grace. His youngest daughter, Grace, and son, Thomas, live with him at “Benburb Place,” and the Ramparts. Mrs. Carbray died in May, 1895. She was a patriotic Irish woman and revered and esteemed for her piety and devotedness to God’s poor. In October, 1902, he married Miss Brigid Carberry—widow of the late Nicholas K. Connolly—sister of his first wife. The marriage ceremony was performed at St. Gabriel’s Church, New York, by Archbishop Farley. She died on July 1, 1903, deeply regretted by her sorrowing husband and all who knew her. A most amiable lady and, like her sister, devoted to the poor. Mr. Carbray filled many distinguished positions in his life; he is held in high esteem by his fellow citizens of all races, creeds and politics. He was a member of the Quebec Harbor Commission, of the Quebec Board of Trade, consul for Portugal, and, being the oldest consul here, is dean of the Consular Corps, senior trustee of St. Patrick’s Church, of the St. Bridget’s Asylum Association, president of the United Irish League, etc., etc. Mr. Carbray was an ardent upholder of the movement for the revival of the Irish language. He delivered a lecture on this subject at Tara Hall, Quebec, in April, 1899, which displayed profound knowledge of the subject, and attracted the attention and encomiums of the whole Celtic world. Mr. Carbray had a collection of books on Ireland which formed probably the best of its kind in Canada. He was a member of the Royal Irish Academy.

HON. THOMAS Z. LEE. ]

COL. JAMES MORAN. ]

MR. MICHAEL F. DOOLEY. ]

MR. JOHN F. O’CONNELL. ]

MR. PATRICK CARTER. ]

SOME PROVIDENCE (R. I.) MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY.

MEMBERSHIP ROLL OF THE AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

[For officers of the Society see pages 5 and 6.]

=Adams, Hon. Samuel=, president and treasurer of the O’Neill-Adams Co., 20th to 22d Street, Sixth Avenue, New York City; director, Garfield National Bank; member of the New York Chamber of Commerce; trustee, Excelsior Savings Bank; an ex-state senator of Colorado.

=Adams, T. Albeus=, president, Manhattan Refrigerating Co., 525 West Street, New York City; president, Adams & Co., New York; president, Union Terminal Cold Storage Co., Jersey City, N. J.

=Ahern, John=, 5 Highland Street, Concord, N. H.

=Aspell, John= (M. D.), 139 West 77th Street, New York City; member of the Academy of Medicine; of the County Medical Association, and of the Celtic Medical Society; recently president of the latter; visiting surgeon to St. Vincent’s Hospital.

=Bannin, Michael E.=, of Converse, Stanton & Co., dry goods commission merchants, 83 and 85 Worth Street, New York City; member of the Merchants Association, New York; director, the Emigrant Industrial Savings Bank; member of the Merchants and Catholic clubs, New York, of the Montauk Club, Brooklyn, and of the Brooklyn Arts and Science Institute; director, the Columbian National Life Insurance Co.; director, American Investment Securities Co.; director, Citizen Trust Co., Brooklyn.

=Bannon, Henry G.=, 107 East 55th Street, New York City; president of the Irish National Club; secretary, Celtic-American Publishing Co.

=Barrett, Michael F.=, of Barrett Bros., wholesale and retail dealers in teas, coffees, etc., 308 Spring Street and 574 Hudson Street, New York City.

=Barry, Hon. Patrick T.=, 87–97 South Jefferson Street, Chicago, Ill. (Life member of the Society); advertising manager, Chicago Newspaper Union; director, First National Bank of Englewood, Ill.; director, The Chicago Citizen Company; has been a member of the state Legislature of Illinois; prominently identified with educational interests.

=Baxter, Rev. James J.= (D. D.), 9 Whitmore Street, Boston, Mass.

=Blake, Michael=, of John Leonard & Co., iron and steel, 149 Broadway, New York City.

=Bodfish, Rev. Joshua P. L.=, Canton, Mass.; formerly chancellor of the Roman Catholic archdiocese of Boston; a director of the Bunker Hill Monument Association.

=Bourlet, John W.=, of the Rumford Printing Co., Concord, N. H.

=Boyle, Hon. Patrick J.=, Newport, R. I.; has been mayor of that city many terms.

=Brady, Rev. Cyrus Townsend= (LL. D.), rector, Trinity P. E. Church, Toledo, Ohio; member of the Society of Colonial Wars, of the Sons of the Revolution, of the Military Order of Foreign Wars, and of other patriotic organizations; chaplain of the First Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, war with Spain; formerly Protestant Episcopal archdeacon of Pennsylvania; author of For Love of Country, For the Freedom of the Sea, Stephen Decatur, Commodore Paul Jones, Border Fights and Fighters, The True Andrew Jackson, and other works.

=Brady, Owen J.=, with The H. B. Claflin Co., 224 Church Street, New York City.

=Brandon, Edward J.=, lawyer, city clerk, Cambridge, Mass.

=Brann, Rev. Henry A.= (D. D., LL. D.), 141 East 43d Street, New York City (Life member of the Society).

=Brennan, Hon. James F.=, lawyer, Peterborough, N. H.; a trustee of the New Hampshire State Library.

=Brennan, James F.=, contractor, 2 Garden Street, New Haven, Conn.

=Brennan, P. J.=, 788 West End Avenue, New York City.

=Brett, Frank P.=, town clerk and attorney, Waterbury, Conn.; member of the Connecticut Legislature. He is town clerk of Waterbury, in which city he was born December 13, 1869. He was educated in the public schools, graduating from the high school in ’88 and from the Yale Law School in 1892. He was a member of the town board of school visitors from 1892 to 1897; was elected to the Legislature in 1899; was town clerk from 1900 to 1904 and from 1906 to the present time. Mr. Brett is a son of Patrick Brett, formerly secretary of the Waterbury Buckle Company. Mrs. Brett before marriage was Miss Elizabeth Slater, and taught in the first Catholic school in Waterbury, being one of the five Slater sisters, all of whom taught there. She also taught in Worcester, Mass., and in Newark, N. J., with Father McQuade, the present bishop of Rochester, N. Y.

=Breen, Henry J.=, lawyer, 243 West 99th Street, New York City.

=Breen, Hon. Matthew=, a New York City magistrate, 243 West 99th Street.

=Brierly, Frank=, 268 West 131st Street, New York City.

=Broderick, William J.=, 52 Morton Street, New York City.

=Brosnahan, Rev. Timothy=, rector of St. Mary’s Church, Waltham, Mass.

=Buckley, Andrew, Parsons=, Labette County, Kansas.

=Burke, Robert E.=, recently city solicitor, Newburyport, Mass.

=Burr, William P.=, office of the Corporation Counsel, New York City.

=Butler, M. J.=, real estate and insurance, Morris Avenue, corner of 144th Street, New York City.

=Butler, T. Vincent=, with R. G. Dun & Co., New York City.

=Buttimer, Thomas H.=, lawyer, Hingham and Boston, Mass.

=Byrne, Dr. C. E.=, of the C. E. Byrne Piano Co., East 41st Street, New York City.

=Byrne, Joseph M.=, insurance, 800 Broad Street, Newark, N. J.

=Byrne, Rt. Rev. Mgr. William= (D. D.), rector of St. Cecilia’s Church, St. Cecilia Street, Boston, Mass.

=Byrnes, Patrick J.=, builder and general contractor, 105 East 31st Street, New York City.

=Cahill, John H.=, lawyer, 15 Dey Street, New York City; prominently identified with telephone interests; vice-president, secretary, attorney and director of the New York Telephone Co.; director of the Empire City Subway Co. He is also a director of the American District Telephone Co.; the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Co.; the Holmes Protective Co.; the New England Telephone and Telegraph Co.; the Delaware Telegraph and Telephone Co.; Northwestern Telephone and Telegraph Co., and the Southwestern Telephone and Telegraph Co.

=Calnin, James=, 101–107 Lakeview Avenue, Lowell, Mass.

=Cannon, Thomas H.=, of the law firm Cannon & Poage, Stock Exchange Building, Chicago, Ill.

=Carmody, T. F.=, lawyer, Burpee & Carmody, Waterbury, Conn.

=Carney, Michael=, of M. Carney & Co., Lawrence, Mass.

=Carroll, Edward=, Leavenworth National Bank, Leavenworth, Kansas.

=Carroll, Edward R.=, 333 East 51st Street, New York City; clerk’s office, Court of General Sessions of the Peace, City and County of New York.

=Carroll, John L.=, secretary, American Oil & Supply Co., 23 Division Place, Newark, N. J.

=Carter, Patrick=, real estate, mortgages and insurance, 32 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.

=Carter, Hon. Thomas H.=, Helena, Mont.; a United States senator.

=Carty, John J.=, Short Hills, N. J.

=Casey, Michael=, of Casey & Bacon, wholesale grocers, Pittsfield, Mass.

=Cassidy, John J.=, 907 Adams Street, Wilmington, Del.

=Cassidy, Patrick= (M. D.), Norwich, Conn.; was surgeon-general on the staff of Gov. Luzon B. Morris of Connecticut, ranking as brigadier-general.

=Cavanaugh, F. J.=, 31 Union Square, New York City; merchant.

=Chittick, Rev. J. J.=, Hyde Park, Mass.

=Clancy, Laurence=, dry goods merchant, West Bridge Street, Oswego, N. Y.; president of L. Clancy, Sons & Co.; trustee, Oswego County Savings Bank; director, electric street railway; member, Normal school board; has repeatedly declined a nomination for mayor of Oswego.

=Clare, William F.=, lawyer, 71 Nassau Street, New York City.

=Clark, Rev. James F.=, New Bedford, Mass.

=Clarke, James=, of James Clarke & Co., booksellers and publishers, 3, 5 and 7 West 22d Street, New York City.

=Clarke, Joseph I. C.=, Sunday editor, New York Herald, Herald Square, New York City; residence, 159 West 95th Street.

=Clary, Charles H.=, Hallowell, Me.; a descendant of John Clary, “of Newcastle, province of New Hampshire,” who married Jane Mahoney, of Georgetown, Me., 1750. Four children were born to them before 1760. Mr. Clary of Hallowell, Me., here mentioned, was one of the founders of the Clary Reunion Family which meets annually.

=Cockran, Hon. W. Bourke=, 31 Nassau Street, New York City; a member of Congress. (Life member of the Society.)

=Coghlan, Rev. Gerald P.=, 2141 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

=Cohalan, Daniel F.=, lawyer, 2 Rector Street, New York City.

=Coleman, John=, capitalist, Louisville, Ky.

=Collins, James M.=, 6 Sexton Avenue, Concord, N. H.

=Collins, Hon. John S.=, Gilsum, N. H.; manufacturer of woolens; an ex-state senator of New Hampshire.

=Collins, Brig. Gen. D. F.=, 637 Pearl Street, Elizabeth, N. J.

=Conaty, Bernard=, 30 Cypress Street, Providence, R. I.

=Conaty, Rev. B. S.=, 340 Cambridge Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Conaty, Rt. Rev. Thomas J.= (D. D.), Los Angeles, Cal., bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of Monterey and Los Angeles.

=Coney, Patrick H.=, lawyer, 316 Kansas Avenue, Topeka, Kan. He entered the Union army in 1863, at the age of 15 years, enlisting in the One Hundred and Eleventh New York Infantry. He was detailed as dispatch bearer on General McDougall’s staff, promoted as an orderly dispatch bearer on Gen. Nelson A. Miles’ staff, served in this capacity on to Appomattox and Lee’s surrender, and was transferred June 5, 1865, to Company H, Fourth New York Heavy Artillery. He served until October 5, 1865, when he was honorably discharged at Hart’s Island, N. Y. He was wounded at the battle of Peach Orchard in front of Petersburg, Va., on June 16, 1864, and rejoined his command from the hospital after sixty days’ convalescence. In addition to his law practice, he is president and manager of the National Investment and Development Co., which is engaged in the promotion and development of 11,000 acres of mineral, gas and oil lands in Benton County, Mo.

=Conlon, William L.=, Portsmouth, N. H.

=Connery, William P.=, Wheeler and Pleasant Streets, Lynn, Mass.; recently candidate for mayor of Lynn.

=Connolly, Capt. James=, real estate, Coronado, Cal. He was born in County Cavan, Ireland, 1842; came to this country when he was but ten years of age, and spent much of his youth at East Dennis, Cape Cod, Mass. His early love for the sea was gratified later in life when he became captain of some of the finest deep-water ships sailing from Baltimore, Boston and elsewhere. His first command was the bark May Queen, a regular Baltimore and Rio packet, 1872. He then had command of the ship Pilgrim of Boston, and made several voyages to the East Indies. In 1884 he was given command of the Charger, a larger and finer ship than the Pilgrim, and sailed to ports in Japan. He next had command of the South American, “the Commodore’s ship,” of the Hastings fleet (Boston), and took her to Australia and other parts. He made several record voyages during his career, and some of these records still stand, having never been equalled. On one occasion he was wrecked off the coast of Africa; he and his wife upon being rescued were hospitably entertained by the Boers of the adjacent country. Returning to East Dennis, Mass., his wife’s health became poor and so he removed with her to Coronado, Cal., hoping that the change of climate would benefit her, but she died in 1901. She had accompanied her husband on several of his voyages, and had with him visited many parts of the world. Captain Connolly has written much and entertainingly. He has at present in manuscript form a novel of ocean life entitled The Magic of the Sea.

=Connolly, Rev. Arthur T.=, Center and Creighton Streets, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

=Connor, Michael=, 509 Beech Street, Manchester, N. H.

=Conway, James L.=, 113 Worth Street, New York City.

=Cooke, Rev. Michael J.=, Fall River, Mass. (Life member of the Society.)

=Cooney, Brig.-Gen. Michael= (U. S. A.), retired, 500 T Street, N. W., Washington, D. C.; born in Ireland; private, corporal and sergeant, Company A, First United States Cavalry, December 4, 1856, to December 4, 1861; quartermaster-sergeant, Sixth Cavalry, December, 1864; first lieutenant, Ninth Cavalry, July 28, 1866; captain, January 1, 1868; major, Fourth Cavalry, December 10, 1888; lieutenant-colonel, Seventh Cavalry, June 2, 1897; colonel, Fourth Cavalry, June 9, 1899; brigadier-general, retired, April 23, 1904.

=Coughlin, John=, 177 Water Street, Augusta, Me.

=Cox, Hugh M.= (M. D.), 285 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York City.

=Cox, Michael F.= (M. D., M. R. I. A.), 26 Merrion Square, Dublin, Ireland.

=Cox, Michael H.=, 54 Commerce Street, Boston, Mass.

=Cox, William T.=, 12 South Second Street, Elizabeth, N. J., owner of Cox’s Towing Line; for some years chairman of the fire commissioners of Elizabeth; ex-chief of the Elizabeth Volunteer Fire Department.

=Coyle, Rev. James=, Taunton, Mass.

=Coyle, Rev. John D.=, 79 Davenport Avenue, New Haven, Conn.

=Crane, Maj. John=, 8 & 10 Bridge Street, New York City; of the firm Crane & MacMahon, manufacturers of wheels, carriage woodstock, and hardwood lumber. Among offices held by him may be mentioned: director of the Ganesvoort Bank, New York; trustee of Emigrant Industrial Savings Bank; president of the Irish Emigrant Society; president of Ascension Conference, Society of St. Vincent de Paul; member of the Superior Council, Society of St. Vincent de Paul; chairman of the Finance Committee for Special Work, of the same society; vice-president of the Virginia and North Carolina Wheel Co., Richmond, Va.; vice-president of the St. Marys Spoke and Wheel Co., of St. Marys, Ohio; trustee of the Soldiers and Sailors Home, Bath, N. Y.; vice-president of the Society of the Army of the Tennessee. He is also a member of the New York Commandery, Military Order of the Loyal Legion, of the New York Friendly Sons of St. Patrick, and of other organizations. He was a commissioned officer during the Civil War in the Sixth and Seventeenth Wisconsin regiments of Infantry, saw four years of very active service, and was regimental and brigade adjutant for a considerable period.

=Creagh, Rev. John T.= (J. U. L., S. T. L., J. C. D.), Catholic University, Washington, D. C.; associate professor of canon law.

=Creamer, Walter H.=, 4 Prescott Place, Lynn, Mass. His great-grandfather, Edward Creamer, was born in Kinsale, Ireland, 1756, was graduated from Trinity College, Dublin, and in 1784 settled in Salem, Mass. He was a physician there. This Edward had a son George who married Hannah Gardner whose mother was Mary Sullivan, a sister of Gen. John Sullivan of the Revolution and of Gov. James Sullivan of Massachusetts. Walter H. Creamer, here mentioned, is a grandson of the said George and Hannah (Gardner) Creamer.

=Crimmins, Cyril=, of the Crimmins Realty Co., 624 Madison Avenue, New York City. (Life member of the Society.)

=Crimmins, Hon. John D.=, 40 East 68th Street, New York City; a Life member of the Society; president-general of the organization in 1901, 1902 and 1905. Mr. Crimmins served as a park commissioner of New York City from 1883 to 1888, during which time he was treasurer and president of the board. He was a member of the Board of Visitors to West Point in 1894, and presidential elector (Democratic) in 1892 and 1904. He was appointed by Governor Roosevelt and served as a member of the Greater New York Charter Revision Commission. In 1894, he was a member of the New York State Constitutional Convention. Mr. Crimmins is a member of the New York Chamber of Commerce and is officially connected with many railway, realty and banking corporations. Among the offices to which he has been chosen may be mentioned: President of the Essex and Hudson Land Improvement Co.; honorary vice-president of the Trust Company of America, New York; vice-president of the Title Insurance Co. of New York; vice-president of the New York Mortgage and Security Co.; director of the Fifth Avenue Bank of New York, and also a director in the following companies: the Century Realty Co. and the Chelsea Realty Co. He is prominently identified with the charities of the Roman Catholic Church, as well as with non-sectarian charities. He is a member of the board of managers of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals; member of the executive committee of the New York State Branch of the American National Red Cross Society; member of the board of directors of the Pennsylvania, New York and Long Island Railroad Co.; member of the board of directors of the Metropolitan Bank; member of the board of managers of St. Vincent’s Hospital; member of the board of trustees of St. John’s Guild, and also of the Provident Loan Society of New York. Mr. Crimmins is also a director of the City and Suburban Homes Co. of New York, which has for its object to provide model homes at reasonable cost for working people. He is a member of the following clubs: Catholic, Metropolitan, Lawyers, Democratic, Manhattan, and of the Wee Burn Golf Club of which he was formerly president. He is likewise a member of the board of managers of the Sevilla Home for Children, a non-sectarian charity, and is also one of the managers of the Society for the Reformation of Juvenile Delinquents.

=Crimmins, Capt. Martin L.=, U. S. A.; care of War Department, Washington, D. C.; a son of Hon. John D. Crimmins of New York City.

=Cronin, Capt. William=, Rutland, Vt.

=Croston, J. F.= (M. D.), 83 Emerson Street, Haverhill, Mass.

=Cummings, Matthew J.=, overseer of the poor, 616 Eddy Street, Providence, R. I.

=Cummins, Rev. John F.=, Roslindale (Boston), Mass.

=Cunningham, James=, 277 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

=Curran, Philip A.=, of the Curran Dry Goods Co., Waterbury, Conn.

=Curry, Edmond J.=, 69–71 East 89th Street, New York City.

=Daly, John J.=, 1045 Longwood Avenue, Bronx, New York City; foreman, U. S. Immigration buildings, Ellis Island.

=Daly, Hon. Joseph F.= (LL. D.), Wall Street, New York City; chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas, New York, 1890–’96; justice of the New York Supreme Court, 1896–’98; member of the Board of Managers, Roman Catholic Orphan Asylum; member of the Advisory Board, St. Vincent’s Hospital; served in 1900 on the commission to revise the laws of Porto Rico.

=Danaher, Hon. Franklin M.=, Albany, N. Y.; member of the State Board of Law Examiners; many years judge of the City Court of Albany.

=Danvers, Robert E.=, 349–351 West 58th Street (the St. Albans), New York City; dealer in iron and steel.

=Dasey, Charles V.=, Board of Trade Building, Broad Street, Boston, Mass.; steamship and insurance agent; general Eastern agent, Anchor Line S. S. Co., and of the Italian Royal Mail S. S. Co.; general agent, Insular Navigation Co.; general agency for ocean travel.

=Davis, John H.=, assistant cashier, Seaboard National Bank, New York City.

=Day, Joseph P.=, real estate, 31 Nassau Street, and 932 Eighth Avenue, New York City.

=Deeves, Richard=, of Richard Deeves & Son, builders, 305–309 Broadway, New York City. (Life member of the Society.)

=Delehanty, Hon. F. B.=, Judges’ Chambers, Court House, City Hall Park, New York; a judge of the City Court.

=Dempsey, George C.=, Lowell, Mass.

=Dempsey, William P.=, treasurer and manager, the Dempsey Bleachery and Dye Works, Pawtucket, R. I.

=DeRoo, Rev. Peter=, St. Joseph’s Church, 45 Fifteenth Street, North, Portland, Ore.; author of the History of America Before Columbus, a most interesting and valuable work.

=Devlin, James H.=, 35 Parsons Street, Brighton (Boston), Mass.

=Devlin, James H., Jr.=, lawyer, Barristers Hall, Pemberton Square, Boston, Mass.

=Dixon, Richard=, insurance, 52–54 William Street, New York City.

=Donahue, Dan A.=, 178 Essex Street, Salem, Mass.

=Donahue, R. J.=, cashier of the National Bank of Ogdensburg, N. Y.

=Donnelly, Hon. Thomas F.=, a justice of the New York City Court, 257 Broadway, New York City.

=Donoghue, D. F.= (M. D.), 240 Maple Street, Holyoke, Mass.

=Donovan, Daniel=, 21 High Rock Street, Lynn, Mass.; an authority on heraldry, armoral bearings, etc.; particularly as the same relate to Ireland.

=Donovan, Henry F.=, editor and proprietor The Chicago Eagle, Teutonic Building, Chicago, Ill.; late colonel and inspector-general, Illinois National Guard.

=Donovan, John W.=, real estate, mortgages and insurance, 360 West 125th Street, New York City.

=Donovan, Dr. S. E.=, New Bedford, Mass.

=Donovan, Col. William H.=, Lawrence, Mass.; commander of the Ninth Regiment, M. V. M.; served with the regiment in Cuba during the recent war with Spain.

=Dooley, Michael F.=, treasurer-general of the Society, Providence, R. I.

=Doran, Patrick L.=, Salt Lake City, Utah.

=Dowd, Willis B.=, lawyer, 141 Broadway, New York City; great-grandson of Cornelius Dowd who came to this country about 1750 and settled in Moore County, N. C., where he became prominent. The family has attained much distinction in North Carolina.

=Dowling, Rev. Austin=, rector of the Cathedral, Providence, R. I.

=Downing, Bernard=, secretary to the president of the Borough of Manhattan, City Hall, New York City.

=Downing, D. P.=, with National Biscuit Company, Cambridge, Mass.

=Doyle, Alfred L.=, of John F. Doyle & Sons, real estate agents, brokers and appraisers, 45 William Street, New York City.

=Doyle, James=, 50 Front Street, New York City; present oldest member of the flour trade in New York; member of the New York Produce Exchange from the beginning; member of the board of managers of the Exchange, 1897–1901. He and his son, Nathaniel, are associated in trade as James Doyle & Company.

=Doyle, John F.=, of John F. Doyle & Sons, 45 William Street, New York City. (Life member of the Society.) Mr. Doyle is the senior member of the real estate firm of John F. Doyle & Sons. He was born in New York City, 1837, a son of James Doyle, who participated in the Irish revolution of 1798, and who came to the United States early in 1806. This James Doyle, the immigrant, had a son who was killed in the Florida war of 1837, and a grandson who fell in 1861, fighting for the Union. John F. Doyle, the subject of this sketch and member of the Society, entered the law office of Alexander Hamilton, grandson of the first secretary of the treasury, afterwards the firm of Hamilton, Rives & Rogers, and remained with them from 1853 to 1869, in the meantime studying law and being admitted to the bar in 1862. Alexander Hamilton, Francis R. Rives, a son of William C. Rives, of Virginia, at one time minister to France and senator, and Nathan Pendleton Rogers, all of the old Revolutionary stock, were members of the firm. Mr. Doyle’s management of some Wall Street properties for them at this period became so conspicuous that he was urged by them to assume the management of their estates, which he did. Shortly afterwards followed the acquisition of the estates of such well-known people as Mrs. Harriet L. Langdon, granddaughter-in-law of the first John Jacob Astor, John Pyne March, Mrs. Morgan L. Livingston, George L. Schuyler, James M. Pendleton, A. Newbold Morris, James H. Jones, John Steward, Jr., Royal Phelps, deceased, Royal Phelps Carroll, Robert S. Minturn, estate of Gertrude L. Lowndes, deceased, William H. King, of Newport, R. I., and others too numerous to mention in detail. A feature of his career as a successful manager lies in the fact that the business associations and connections formed by him in the beginning are still held intact. Among the notable sales made by him are those from William H. Morris to John Jacob Astor in 1880, conveying 150 acres of lots in the twenty-third ward on and adjacent to Harlem River; the great sale of South Brooklyn lots at Gowanus Bay in 1884. Mr. Doyle represents today the same old and well-known families and estates represented by him so many years ago. During his career Mr. Doyle has met and done business with some of the most notable men connected with families notable in American history, such as three of the four sons of the first Alexander Hamilton, Admiral Farragut, Capt. Percival Drayton, Rawlins Lowndes, of South Carolina, William C. Rives, U. S. senator from Virginia, at one time minister to France, George L. Schuyler, grandson of Philip Schuyler and owner of the famous yacht America, Philip Schuyler, his son, Henry Grinnell of Arctic fame, Robert J. and Mortimer Livingston, Hon. John Lee Carroll, Commodore Wm. K. Vanderbilt, and scores of others equally well known, besides representing branches now of four lineal descendants of signers of the Declaration of Independence. His two sons, Col. John F. Doyle, Jr., and Alfred L. Doyle, have been with him in business for years past and all three enjoy an enviable reputation for integrity, ability and prudence in all their undertakings.

=Doyle, Col. John F., Jr.=, of John F. Doyle & Sons, 45 William Street, New York City.

=Doyle, Nathaniel=, of James Doyle & Co., flour, etc.; 50 Front Street, New York City; member of the board of managers, New York Produce Exchange; member of the New York Club, 5th Avenue and 35th Street; member Veteran Association, Seventh Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y.

=Drummond, M. J.=, of M. J. Drummond & Co., 182 Broadway, New York City. Mr. Drummond was born on February 1, 1851, in Jersey City, N. J., and was graduated from De La Salle Institute, New York City. He started in the iron pipe business in 1879, and in 1887 organized, as senior partner, the firm of M. J. Drummond & Company, which has since been incorporated and is one of the most successful iron pipe concerns in the United States. Mr. Drummond has been prominent in the charitable, social and business life of New York for a generation. He is president of M. J. Drummond & Company, of the Shawmut Clay Manufacturing Company, of the Glamorgan Iron Works, of the Nassau County Water Company, and of the Green Island Water Company. As well as being a director of this company, he is a director, of the Nassau Union Bank and a trustee and member of the Executive Board of the Emigrant Industrial Savings Bank and the Broadway Trust Company, and he holds membership in the Chamber of Commerce, the New York Athletic Club, the Hardware Club, and the Catholic Club, and was recently president of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick.

=Duffy, P. P.=, Parsons, Labette County, Kansas.

=Dunne, F. L.=, 328 Washington Street, Boston, Mass.

=Dwyer, J. R.=, 732 Alpine Street, Los Angeles, Cal.

=Dwyer, Thomas=, builder, 601 West End Avenue, New York City. (Life member of the Society.)

=Editor of “The Rosary Magazine,”= Somerset, O. (Life member of the Society.)

=Egan, James T.=, of the law firm, Gorman, Egan & Gorman, Banigan Building, Providence, R. I.

=Egan, Rev. M. H.=, rector, Church of the Sacred Heart, Lebanon, N. H.

=Egan, Hon. Patrick=, 18 Broadway, New York City; recently United States Minister to Chili.

=Ellard, George W.=, 180 Lisbon Street, Lewiston, Me.

=Elliott, Dr. George W.=, Immigration Office, Ellis Island, N. Y. He is the duly accredited representative of the Canadian Government at the port of New York, co-operating with the public health and marine hospital service of the United States in connection with the medical examination of aliens passing through the United States immigration station, Ellis Island, destined for all points in the Dominion of Canada. Doctor Elliott is a native of Ireland.

=Emmet, J. Duncan= (M. D.), 103 Madison Avenue, New York City.

=Emmet, Robert=, The Priory, Warwick, England.

=Emmet, Thomas Addis= (M. D., LL. D.), 89 Madison Avenue, New York City (Life member of the Society); grand nephew of the Irish patriot, Robert Emmet.

=Eustace, Hon. Alexander C.=, of the law firm A. C. & J. P. Eustace, 334 East Water Street, Elmira, N. Y.; during many years past identified as attorney or counsel, with many of the most important litigations before the courts in southern and western New York; was for three years, prior to 1893, president of the New York State Civil Service Commission.

=Falahee, John J.=, real estate, 120 West 59th Street, New York City.

=Fallon, Hon. Joseph D.= (LL. D.), 789 Broadway, South Boston, Mass.; justice of the South Boston Municipal Court; vice-president, Union Institution for Savings.

=Fallon, Hon. Joseph P.=, 1900 Lexington Avenue, New York City; justice of the Ninth District Municipal Court.

=Farley, Most Rev. John M.= (D. D.), 452 Madison Ave., New York City.

=Farrell, James P.=, superintendent of the Brooklyn Disciplinary Training School, 18th Avenue, between 56th and 58th streets, Brooklyn, N. Y.

=Farrell, John F.=, Brander-Walsh Co., 89 Worth Street, New York City.

=Farrell, John T.= (M. D.), 16 Messer Street, Providence, R. I.

=Farrelly, Frank T.=, Springfield News Co., Main Street, Springfield, Mass.

=Farrelly, Stephen=, American News Co., New York City. (Life member of the Society.)

=Feeley, William J.=, treasurer of the W. J. Feeley Co., silversmiths and manufacturing jewelers, 185 Eddy Street, Providence, R. I.

=Ferguson, Hugh=, of Hugh Ferguson & Co., George Street, Charleston, S. C.

=Finn, Rev. Thomas J.=, Box 242, Port Chester, N. Y.

=Fitzgerald, Rev. D. W.=, 9 Pleasant Street, Penacook (Concord), N. H.

=Fitzgerald, Hon. James=, New York City; a justice of the New York Supreme Court.

=Fitzpatrick, Edward=, on the staff of the Louisville (Ky.) Times; a resident of New Albany, Ind.; member of the committee to select books for the New Albany Public Library; was, from 1878 to 1885, Indiana correspondent of the Louisville Courier-Journal, reporting the Legislature two terms, 1883–’85, for that paper, and at the same time was assistant to the chief clerk in the House of Representatives; was appointed a clerk in the U. S. Q. M. Depot at Jeffersonville, Ind., in 1885, but resigned to re-enter the employ of the Courier-Journal as political reporter in Louisville; was four years on the Louisville Post; returned to the Courier-Journal; was transferred to the Times (the afternoon edition of the Courier-Journal), and has been on that paper for many years past. He is a keen and forceful writer, and is one of the ablest men in American journalism.

=Fitzpatrick, Thomas B.=, senior member of the firm Brown, Durrell & Co., importers and manufacturers, 104 Kingston Street, Boston, Mass.; Rand-McNally Building, Chicago, Ill., and 11–19 West 19th Street, New York City; president of the Union Institution for Savings, Boston, and a director in the United States Trust Co. of that city.

=Fitzpatrick, Rev. William H.=, 2221 Dorchester Avenue, Dorchester Centre, Mass.

=Flannery, Capt. John=, Savannah, Ga.; of the John Flannery Co., cotton factors and commission merchants; was a non-commissioned officer of the Irish Jasper Greens in garrison at Fort Pulaski, 1861; was later lieutenant and captain, C. S. A., serving under Gen. Joe Johnston and General Hood; became a partner, in 1865, in the cotton firm, L. J. Guilmartin & Co., having a line of steamers from Charleston, S. C., to Palatka, Fla.; bought out the business in 1877; founded the house of John Flannery & Co.; became director and president of the Southern Bank of the State of Georgia; is ex-president of the Southern Cotton Exchange; captain, 1872–’98, of the Jasper Greens.

=Fogarty, James A.=, 264 Blatchley Avenue, New Haven, Conn., recently a police commissioner of New Haven.

=Fogarty, Jeremiah W.=, Registry of Deeds, Boston, Mass.

=Fox, John J.=, 1908–1910 Bathgate Avenue, New York City.

=Gaffney, Hon. T. St. John=, lawyer; member of the French Legion of Honor; 41 Riverside Drive, New York City; is now U. S. Consul-General, Dresden, Germany.

=Gallagher, Patrick=, contractor and builder, 11 East 59th Street, New York City. (Life member of the Society.)

=Gargan, Hon. Thomas J.=, of the law firm, Gargan, Keating & Brackett, Pemberton Building, Boston, Mass.; [Life member of the Society], and president-general of the same in 1899 and 1900; member of the Boston Transit Commission; director of the United States Trust Co.; director, the Columbian National Life Insurance Co.

=Garrigan, Rt. Rev. Philip J.= (D. D.), bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of Sioux City, Iowa.

=Garrity, P. H.=, 221 Bank Street, Waterbury, Conn.

=Garvan, Francis P.=, assistant district attorney, 23 Fifth Avenue, New York City.

=Garvan, Hon. Patrick=, 236 Farmington Avenue, Hartford, Conn.; paper and paper stock. (Life member of the Society.)

=Geoghegan, Charles A.=, 537–539 West Broadway, New York City.

=Geoghegan, Joseph=, Salt Lake City, Utah (Life member of the Society); vice-president of the board of education, Salt Lake City; director of the Utah National Bank; director of the Utah Loan and Building Association; director of the Butler Liberal Manufacturing Co., all three concerns of Salt Lake City; also, director in many other corporations. He is general agent in Utah for Swift & Co. of Chicago; Borden’s Condensed Milk Co. of New York; the American Can Co. of New York, and the Pennsylvania Salt Mfg. Co. of Philadelphia. He is broker for the following: the Western Sugar Refining Co. of San Francisco, Cal.; the Utah Sugar Co. of Lehi, Utah; the Amalgamated Sugar Co. of Ogden, Utah; the Idaho Sugar Co. of Idaho Falls, Idaho, and the Fremont County Sugar Co. of Sugar City, Idaho.

=Geoghegan, Joseph G.=, 20 East 73d Street, New York City. (Life member of the Society.)

=Geoghegan, Walter F.=, 537–539 West Broadway, New York City.

=Gibbons, John T.=, merchant, corner of Poydras and South Peters streets, New Orleans, La.; brother of Cardinal Gibbons. (Life member of the Society.)

=Gillespie, George J.=, of the law firm Gillespie & O’Connor, 20–24 Vesey St., New York City; trustee, Catholic Summer School (Cliff Haven); member of the board of managers of the N. Y. Roman Catholic Orphan Asylum; vice-president of the Particular Council, Society of St. Vincent de Paul, New York City; member of the N. Y. Board of Education; recently tax commissioner of the City of New York. (Life member of the Society.)

=Gilman, John E.=, 43 Hawkins Street, Boston, Mass.; has been adjutant-general on the staff of the national commander-in-chief, Grand Army of the Republic. In August, 1862, Mr. Gilman enlisted in Co. E, Twelfth Massachusetts Infantry (Webster Regiment), and participated in campaigns under Generals Pope, McClellan, Burnside, Hooker and Meade up to the battle of Gettysburg, Pa., where, on July 2, 1863, his right arm was shot off near the shoulder. Securing his discharge from the army on September 28, 1863, he returned to Boston. In 1864, he entered the service of the state and served in various departments until 1883, when he was made settlement clerk of the directors of Public Institutions of Boston. He was appointed soldiers’ relief commissioner, April 2, 1901. He has been a comrade of Posts 14, 7 and 26, G. A. R., since 1868, being commander of the latter post in 1888. He was department inspector of the Massachusetts G. A. R. in 1895; junior vice-commander in 1896; senior vice-commander in 1897; delegate-at-large in 1898; and department commander in 1899.

=Goff, Hon. John W.=, New York City.

=Gorman, Dennis J.=, assessors’ office, City Hall, Boston, Mass.

=Gorman, John F.=, lawyer, Stephen Girard Building, Philadelphia, Pa.

=Gorman, William=, lawyer, Stephen Girard Building, Philadelphia, Pa.; member of the Pennsylvania Bar Association, the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, the American Academy of Social and Political Science; the Alumni Association of the University of Pennsylvania, and other organizations. He is officially connected with the Commonwealth Title Insurance and Trust Co. of Philadelphia. (Life member of the Society.)

=Guilfoile, Francis P.=, lawyer, Waterbury, Conn.

=Griffin, John C.=, insurance, Skowhegan, Me.

=Griffin, Rt. Rev. Mgr. Thomas= (D. D.), St. John’s presbytery, 44 Temple Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Haggerty, J. Henry=, of the Haggerty Refining Co., oils, 50 South Street, New York City.

=Haigney, John=, 439 58th Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.

=Halley, Charles V.=, 1014 East 175th Street, New York City.

=Hanlon, Marcus=, P. O. Box 1920, New York City.

=Hannan, Hon. John=, mayor of Ogdensburg, N. Y.; president of the Ogdensburg Coal and Towing Co., 44 and 46 Water Street.

=Hanrahan, John D.= (M. D.), Rutland, Vt., a native of County Limerick, Ireland; was graduated in medicine from the University of the City of New York, 1867; in June, 1861, he was, on examination (not having graduated), appointed surgeon in the United States Navy, and served through the entire Civil War. The vessels on which he served did duty mostly on the rivers of Virginia and North Carolina, where he served with the army as well as the navy, thereby having the benefit and experience of both branches of the service, especially in the surgical line. In August, 1863, the vessel on which he was serving was captured at the mouth of the Rappahannock River and all on board made prisoners. They were taken overland to Richmond where they were confined in Libby Prison. At that time the Confederates were very short of surgeons and medical supplies, and he was asked if he would go over to Belle Island and attend the Union prisoners. After consulting his fellow-prisoners he consented, and for six weeks he attended the sick and wounded Union prisoners faithfully, under very great disadvantages, as the appliances were very limited. After that he was paroled. While a prisoner of war he was treated with the greatest courtesy and consideration by the medical staff and officers of the Confederacy. After the close of the war he was settled in New York City, but for nearly forty years has been a resident of Rutland, Vt. He was town and city physician of Rutland for many years. He was appointed surgeon of the Third Vermont Regiment, 1871, by Governor Stewart; was the first president of the Rutland County Medical and Surgical Society; has been a director and consulting surgeon of the Rutland (Vt.) Hospital; consulting surgeon to the Fanny Allen Hospital, Winooski, Vt.; a member of the Vermont Sanitary Association, and a member of the Vermont Society for the Prevention of Tuberculosis; president of Rutland Village two years and trustee eight years; county commissioner one year; president, United States pension examining board four years under President Cleveland, and president of the same board four years under President Harrison. He was postmaster of Rutland during the second term of President Cleveland. He has since its organization been an active member of the G. A. R.; surgeon of Roberts Post, the largest in Vermont; has served three terms as medical director of the Department; served on the staffs of three commanders-in-chief—Veasy, Palmer and Weissert; a member of Commander-in-Chief Stewart’s staff. Doctor Hanrahan is the author of several medical papers, has performed many surgical operations, and has served through several epidemics of smallpox and diphtheria. He was a delegate to the Democratic National conventions of 1884, 1888, and chairman of the Vermont delegation to the National Convention of 1892. Also a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in St. Louis, 1904, and to the Ancient Order of Hibernians convention in St. Louis, July 19, 1904.

=Harbison, Hon. Alexander=, Hartford, Conn., recently mayor of Hartford.

=Harrington, Rev. J. C.=, rector of St. Joseph’s Church, Lynn, Mass.

=Harrington, Rev. John M.=, Orono, Me.

=Harris, Hon. Charles N.=, a New York City magistrate.

=Harson, M. Joseph=, Catholic Club, 120 Central Park South, New York City.

=Hayes, John F.= (M. D.), 15 South Elm Street, Waterbury, Conn.

=Hayes, Hon. Nicholas J.=, sheriff, County of New York, 299 Broadway, New York City.

=Hayes, Col. Patrick E.=, Pawtucket, R. I.

=Healy, David=, 70 Jane Street, New York City; U. S. Immigration service.

=Healy, John F.=, general superintendent of the Davis Coal and Coke Co., Thomas, Tucker County, W. Va.

=Healy, Richard=, cloaks, suits, furs, etc., 512 Main Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Hennessy, Michael E.=, on the staff of the Daily Globe, Boston, Mass.; a newspaper man of wide experience and exceptional ability.

=Henry, Charles T.=, 120 Liberty Street, New York City.

=Hickey, James G.=, manager of the United States Hotel, Boston, Mass. (Life member of the Society.)

=Hickey, John J.=, plumbing contractor, 8 East 129th Street, New York City.

=Hickey, Rev. William A.=, Clinton, Mass.

=Higgins, James J.=, 85 Court Street, Elizabeth, N. J.

=Hoban, Rt. Rev. M. J.= (D. D.), Scranton, Pa., bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of Scranton.

=Hoey, James J.=, real estate, insurance, etc., 879 Tenth Avenue, New York City.

=Hogan, John W.=, lawyer, 4 Weybosset Street, Providence, R. I.; recently a candidate for Congress.

=Holland, John P.=, 95 Nelson Place, Newark, N. J.; inventor of the submarine torpedo boat.

=Horigan, Hon. Cornelius=, 229 and 231 Main Street, Biddeford, Me.; is treasurer of the Andrews & Horigan Co.; a member of the state Legislature of Maine.

=Hughes, Rev. Christopher=, Fall River, Mass.

=Hurley, James H.=, Union Trust Co. Building, Providence, R. I.; manager of the real estate department, G. L. & H. J. Gross.

=Hurley, John E.=, 63 Washington Street, Providence, R. I.; vice-president and superintendent of the Remington Printing Co.; president, in 1904, of the Rhode Island Master Printers’ Association.

=Jameson, W. R.=, 1786 Bathgate Avenue, borough of the Bronx, New York City.

=Jenkinson, Richard C.=, 678 High Street, Newark, N. J.; of R. C. Jenkinson & Co., manufacturers of metal goods; candidate for mayor of Newark in 1901; was president of the Newark Board of Trade in 1898–’99 and 1900; has been a director in the Newark Gas Co.; was president of the New Jersey Commission to the Pan-American Exposition, and one of the vice-presidents of the Exposition, representing the state of New Jersey by appointment of Governor Voorhees.

=Jennings, Michael J.=, 753 Third Avenue, New York City.

=Johnson, James G.=, of James G. Johnson & Co., 649, 651, 653 and 655 Broadway, New York City.

=Jordan, Michael J.=, lawyer, 42 Court Street, Boston, Mass.

=Joyce, Bernard J.=, Hanley Brewing Co., Providence, R. I.

=Joyce, Harry L.=, 151 West 61st Street, New York City.

=Joyce, John Jay=, 47 Macdougal Street, New York City.

=Kane, John H.= (M. D.), Lexington, Mass.

=Keane, Most Rev. John J.= (D. D.), Dubuque, Ia.; archbishop of the Roman Catholic archdiocese of Dubuque.

=Kearney, James=, lawyer, 220 Broadway, New York City.

=Keating, Patrick M.=, of the law firm Gargan, Keating & Brackett, Pemberton Building, Boston, Mass.

=Keenan, John J.=, Public Library, Copley Square, Boston, Mass.

=Kehoe, John F.=, 26 Broadway, New York City; officially connected with many corporations. (Life member of the Society.)

=Kelly, Eugene=, Templecourt Building, New York City.

=Kelly, John Forrest= (Ph. D.), Pittsfield, Mass.; born near Carrick-on-Suir, Ireland. He was educated in Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, N. J., received the degree of B. L. in 1878 and that of Ph. D. in 1881. His first occupation was as assistant to Thomas A. Edison, in Menlo Park laboratory, his work then principally relating to the chemistry of rare earths. Late in 1879 Mr. Kelly became electrical engineer of the New York branch of the Western Electric Company. This was the time when the telephone was being generally introduced, and when dynamos were being first applied to telegraphic purposes. In the construction and installment of instruments for telegraphy and telephones and of such measuring instruments as were then known, Mr. Kelly received a thorough training. In 1882 he became laboratory assistant to Edward Weston, then chief electrician of the United States Electric Lighting Company, and, with the exception of a year which he spent in connection with the Remingtons, Mr. Kelly continued his association with Mr. Weston until July, 1886. Some of the most important work, such as the research which ended in the discovery of high resistance alloys of very low or even negative temperature co-efficients, were substantially carried out by Mr. Kelly under general directions from Mr. Weston, whom Mr. Kelly succeeded as chief electrician of the United States Electric Lighting Company, which, in 1889, passed to the Westinghouse interests; but Mr. Kelly retained his position as chief electrician until January, 1892, when he resigned to join William Stanley in experimental work. The work done by Mr. Kelly, in this connection, gave a great impetus to the alternating current business. Mr. Kelly’s inventive work is partially represented by eighty patents. The art of building transformers and generators of alternating currents was revolutionized, and Mr. Kelly and his colleagues were the first to put polyphase motors into actual commercial service. That success naturally led to long-distance transmission work, and the first long-distance transmission plants in California (indeed the first in the world), were undertaken on Mr. Kelly’s recommendation and advice. He was the first to make a hysteretically stable steel, a matter of vastly more importance than the comparatively spectacular transmission work. Mr. Kelly at present occupies the position of president of the John F. Kelly Engineering Company, president of the Cokel Company and president of the Telelectric Company, as well as president of the Conchas River Power Company and director of the Southwestern Exploration Company. The Cokel Company is organized to exploit the invention of Mr. E. W. Cooke, by means of which foodstuffs may be perfectly dehydrated, losing on the average ninety per cent in weight. Foods dehydrated by this process, although free from all chemical preservatives, are entirely stable, and yet preserve their pristine freshness through extremes of temperature, and when served are indistinguishable from fresh foods of the ordinary type. The Telelectric Company is organized for the manufacture of electric piano players, which are either entirely automatic or entirely controllable at will. Mr. Kelly was married to Miss Helen Fischer, in New York City, in 1892, and they have two children—Eoghan and Domnall. Mr. Kelly is a thorough and unswerving Irish Nationalist, and his splendid generosity to the cause is well known.

=Kelly, Michael F.= (M. D.), Fall River, Mass.

=Kelly, P. J.=, vice-president of the Hens-Kelly Co., Main Street, West Mohawk Street, and Pearl Street, Buffalo, N. Y.

=Kelly, T. P.=, 544 West 22d Street, New York City; of T. P. Kelly & Co., manufacturers of black leads, foundry facings, supplies, etc.

=Kelly, William J.=, 9 Dove Street, Newburyport, Mass.

=Kelly, William J.=, insurance, 3 Market Square, Portsmouth, N. H.

=Kenah, John F.=, city clerk, Elizabeth, N. J.

=Kennedy, Charles F.=, Brewer, Me.

=Kennedy, Daniel=, of the Kennedy Valve Manufacturing Co., Coxsackie, N. Y.

=Kenney, James W.=, Park Brewery, Terrace Street, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.; vice-president and director, Federal Trust Co., Boston.

=Kenney, Thomas=, 143 Summer Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Kenney, Thomas F.= (M. D.), Vienna, Austria.

=Kenny, W. J. K.=, 44 Broad Street, New York City.

=Kerby, John E.=, architect, 481 Fifth Avenue, New York City.

=Kiernan, Patrick=, 265 West 43d Street, New York City.

=Kilmartin, Thomas J.= (M. D.), Waterbury, Conn.

=Kilroy, Philip= (M. D.), Springfield, Mass.

=Kinsela, John F.=, 509 Gorham Street, Lowell, Mass.

=Knights of St. Patrick=, San Francisco, Cal. (Life membership.) Care of John Mulhern, 25th and Hampshire streets, San Francisco.

=Lamb, Matthew B.=, 516 Main Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Lamson, Col. Daniel S.=, Weston, Mass.; Lieutenant-Colonel commanding Sixteenth Regiment (Mass.), 1861; A. A. G., Norfolk, 1862; served on staff of General Hooker; is a member of the Society of Colonial Wars, Sons of the American Revolution, and Military Order of the Loyal Legion; one of his ancestors landed at Ipswich, Mass., in 1632, and received a grant of 350 acres; another ancestor, Samuel, of Reading, Mass., participated in King Philip’s War and had a son in the expedition of 1711. Another member of the family, Samuel of Weston, commanded a company at Concord, Mass., April 19, 1775, and was major and colonel of the Third Middlesex Regiment for many years, dying in 1795.

=Lannon, Joseph F.=, of Jos. F. Lannon & Co., general merchandise, 68 Main Street, Susquehanna, Pa.

=Lavelle, John=, Inquiry Division, Post Office, Cleveland, O.

=Lawler, Joseph A.=, 308 West 14th Street, New York City.

=Lawler, Thomas B.=, 70 Fifth Avenue, New York City; of Ginn & Company, publishers; member of the American Oriental Society and of the Archæological Society of America.

=Lawless, Hon. Joseph T.=, lawyer, Norfolk, Va.; recently secretary of state, Virginia; now a colonel on the staff of the governor of Virginia.

=Lawlor, P. J.=, 417 East Main Street, Waterbury, Conn.

=Lawlor, Thomas F.=, lawyer, 65 Bank Street, Waterbury, Conn.

=Leahy, Matthew W.=, 257 Franklin Street, New Haven, Conn.

=Lee, Hon. Thomas Z.=, of the law firm Barney & Lee, Industrial Trust Building, Providence, R. I.

=Lenehan, John J.=, of the law firm Lenehan & Dowley, 71 Nassau Street, New York City. (Life member of the Society.)

=Lenehan, Rev. B. C.= (V. G.), Fort Dodge, Iowa.

=Lenihan, Rt. Rev. M. C.=, bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of Great Falls, Mont.

=Lennox, George W.=, manufacturer, Haverhill, Mass.

=Leonard, Peter F.=, 343 Harvard Street, Cambridge, Mass.

=Linehan, John J.=, Linehan Corset Co., Worcester, Mass.

=Linehan, Rev. T. P.=, Biddeford, Me.

=Lonergan, Thomas S.=, journalist, 658 East 149th Street, New York City.

=Loughlin, Peter J.=, 150 Nassau Street, New York City.

=Lovell, David B.= (M. D.), 32 Pearl Street, Worcester, Mass.

=Luddy, Timothy F.=, Waterbury, Conn.

=Lynch, Eugene=, 24 India Street, Boston, Mass.

=Lynch, J. H.=, 812 Eighth Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y.

=Lynch, John E.=, school principal, Worcester, Mass.

=Lynch, Thomas J.=, lawyer, Augusta, Me.; was city clerk of Augusta, 1884 and 1885; postmaster of Augusta from 1894 to 1898; and trustee of the Public Library; one of the water commissioners; a director of the Granite National Bank; trustee of the Kennebec Savings Bank; trustee of the Augusta Trust Company; president of the Augusta Loan & Building Association; director of the Augusta, Winthrop & Gardiner Railway; director of the Augusta Real Estate Association; and trustee of many estates.

=Lynn, John=, 48 Bond Street, New York City.

=Lynn, Hon. Wauhope=, a justice of the Municipal Court of the city of New York, 128 Prince Street, New York City.

=Lyon, James B.=, president of the J. B. Lyon Company, printers, publishers, and book manufacturers, Albany, N. Y.

=MacDonnell, John T. F.=, paper manufacturer, Holyoke, Mass.

=MacDwyer, Patrick S.=, 248 East 23d Street, New York City.

=McAdoo, Hon. William=, 30 Broad Street, New York City, recently police commissioner of the City of New York; ex-member of Congress; ex-assistant secretary of the navy.

=McAleenan, Arthur=, 131 West 69th Street, New York City.

=McAleer, George= (M. D.), Worcester, Mass.

=McAlevy, John F.=, salesman, 26–50 North Main Street, Pawtucket, R. I.

=McBride, D. H.=, 10 Barclay Street, New York City.

=McCaffrey, Hugh=, manufacturer, Fifth and Berks streets, Philadelphia, Pa. (Life member of the Society.)

=McCanna, Francis I.=, lawyer, Industrial Trust Building, Providence, R. I.

=McCarrick, James W.=, general southern agent, Clyde Steamship Co., Norfolk, Va. Mr. McCarrick is a veteran of the Civil War. He was transferred, 1861, from Twelfth Virginia Regiment to North Carolina gunboat Winslow, and appointed master’s mate. Transferred to Confederate navy with that steamer, and ordered to Confederate steamer Seabird, at Norfolk navy yard. Attached to Seabird until latter was sunk. Taken prisoner, Elizabeth City, N. C. Paroled February, 1862. Exchanged for officer of similar rank captured from United States ship Congress. Promoted to master and ordered to navy yard, Selma, Ala. Served later on Confederate steamships Tuscaloosa, Baltic and Tennessee at Mobile, and in Mobile Bay, and on steamer Macon, at Savannah, and on Savannah River. Detailed to command water battery at Shell Bluff, below Augusta, after surrender of Savannah. Paroled from steamship Macon at Augusta, Ga., after Johnson’s surrender. Mr. McCarrick is president of the Virginia State Board of Pilot Commissioners; president of the Board of Trade of Norfolk, Va.; first vice-president of the Virginia Navigation Co.; commissioner representing the state of Virginia in the management of the Jamestown Exposition held in 1907; and was president of the Suburban & City Railway and chairman of the executive committee of the Norfolk Street Railway until these two properties were consolidated and sold to outside parties.

=McCarthy, Charles, Jr.=, Portland, Me.

=McCarthy, George W.=, of Dennett & McCarthy, dry goods, Portsmouth, N. H.

=McCarthy, M. R. F.=, 82 Court Street, Binghamton, N. Y.; a commissioner of the department of Public Instruction.

=McCarthy, Patrick J.=, lawyer, Industrial Trust Building, Providence, R. I.; has been a member of the General Assembly of Rhode Island.

=McCaughan, Rev. John P.=, St. Paul’s Church, Warren, Mass.

=McCaughey, Bernard=, of Bernard McCaughey & Co., house furnishers, Pawtucket, R. I.

=McClean, Rev. Peter H.=, Milford, Conn.

=McCloud, William J.=, contractor, Jefferson Avenue, Elizabeth, N. J.

=McClure, David=, lawyer, 22 William Street, New York City. Mr. McClure was admitted to the bar in December, 1869, in New York City, where he has since resided. His practice has brought him very prominently before the courts and public during the last thirty-six years as counsel in cases which have attracted much attention. He has been counsel in many contested will cases, including those of Merril, Schuyler Skatts, Charles B. Beck and Mary Johnson. In the Livingston, De Meli and General Burnside litigation he was also prominent. He has been connected with many large corporation foreclosure suits, including those of the Denver Water Company, the New York & Northern Railroad Company, Omaha Water Company, the Toledo, Ann Arbor & Northern Michigan, the Northern Pacific, the New York, Lake Erie & Western, the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company, the Oregon Improvement Company, the Chicago & Northern Pacific Company, the Bankers and Merchants’ Telegraph Company, and the Memphis & Charleston Railroad Company. He is regarded as one of the most successful trial lawyers at the bar in New York. Mr. McClure for more than a quarter of a century has been counsel for the Farmers Loan & Trust Company, the oldest and largest trust company in the United States, organized in 1821; and for many years of the Consolidated Gas Company, one of the largest public service corporations in the country. He is also counsel for the West Side Savings Bank, several fire insurance companies and other banks. He was one of the counsel for the Mutual Life Insurance Company during the presidency of F. S. Winston. For years he was a director in the Lawyers Surety Company, and he is on the board of the Title Insurance Company of New York. He was a prominent and active member of the State Constitution Convention of 1894, in which body he introduced and carried through the amendment providing for protection of the forests of New York. He years ago declined elevation to the bench of the Court of Appeals, the highest court in the state of New York, and several times to other positions; also appointment to the offices of corporation counsel of the city of New York, and district attorney of the United States. Mr. McClure was appointed, in 1893, receiver of the National Bank of Deposit, in the city of New York, and in spite of the stringent financial condition which prevailed during the summer of that year, dividends aggregating seventy-five per cent were paid within three months. The entire indebtedness, principal and interest, was paid and the receivership closed out within one year. In 1892 he was a delegate from the state of New York to the National Democratic Convention which, at Chicago, nominated Grover Cleveland as candidate for the office of president of the United States, and during the campaign of that year he was much discussed by the press of New York as the probable nominee of his party for the office of mayor of the city. In that year he was designated by the General Term of the Supreme Court, chairman of the first commission appointed to determine whether a subway passing under Broadway and other streets through the city should be constructed, his associates being Robert Maclay, president of the Knickerbocker Trust Company, and Benjamin Perkins. Prior to the adoption by the United States government of the Panama Canal project, and during the presidency of Mr. McKinley, one of the largest, if not the largest, syndicates of moneyed men ever gathered together obtained a concession from the government of Nicaragua for the construction of a canal known as the Nicaragua Canal. This syndicate, which proposed to build the canal without government aid, was composed of the Messrs. Vanderbilt, Astor, Rockefeller, Mills, Stillman, Grace, Crimmins, and others of equal standing, and was represented before the committee of Congress upon the question of recognition and protection, by Mr. McClure as its counsel, he having organized the corporation under which it was proposed to operate. Mr. McClure is a member of the Manhattan, New York Athletic and other clubs, and the Bar Association; of which he has been a member of the judiciary and other committees. He has also been honored with the presidency of the Metropolitan Surety Company.

=McConway, William=, of the McConway & Torley Co., Pittsburg, Pa. (Life member of the Society.)

=McCormick, Edward R.=, 15 West 38th Street, New York City.

=McCormick, James W.=, of the Judkins & McCormick Co., importers of millinery goods, 10–16 West 20th Street, New York City; residence, 79 New England Avenue, Summit, N. J.

=McCoy, Rev. John J.= (LL. D.), rector, St. Ann’s Church, Worcester, Mass.

=McCready, Rt. Rev. Mgr. Charles=, 329 West 42d Street, New York City.

=McCreery, Robert=, room 427, Produce Exchange, New York City.

=McCullough, John=, 55 Maxfield Street, New Bedford, Mass.

=McDonald, Capt. Mitchell C.=, a pay director in the navy; is at present stationed at the Naval Home, Philadelphia, Pa.

=McDonnell, Robert E.=, lawyer, 38 Park Row, New York City.

=McDonough, Hon. John J.=, Fall River, Mass.; justice of the second district court of Bristol County, Mass.

=McElroy, Rev. Charles J.=, rector, St. Augustine’s Church, Bridgeport, Conn.

=McGann, James E.=, real estate, 902 Chapel Street, New Haven, Conn.

=McGann, Col. James H.=, Providence, R. I.

=McGauran, Michael S.= (M. D.), 258 Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.

=McGillicuddy, Hon. D. J.=, of the law firm McGillicuddy & Morey, Lewiston, Me.; ex-mayor of Lewiston.

=McGinn, P. F.=, 79 Friendship Street, Providence, R. I.

=McGinness, Brig.-Gen. John R.= (U. S. A.), retired, Virginia Club, Norfolk, Va.; born in Ireland; cadet at United States Military Academy, July 1, 1859; first lieutenant of ordnance, June 11, 1863; captain, February 10, 1869; major, June 1, 1881; lieutenant-colonel, July 7, 1898; colonel, June 14, 1892; retired with the rank of brigadier-general, September 17, 1904.

=McGolrick, Rev. E. J.=, 84 Herbert Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.

=McGolrick, Rt. Rev. James= (D. D.), bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of Duluth, Minn. (Life member of the Society.)

=McGovern, James=, 6 Wall Street, New York City; of Benedict, Drysdale & Co. (Life member of the Society.)

=McGovern, Joseph P.=, of J. P. McGovern & Bro., fur brokers, 7 and 9 Waverly Place, New York City.

=McGowan, Rear-Admiral John=, U. S. N. (retired), 1739 N Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. (Life member of the Society.) He was born at Port Penn, Del., August 4, 1843. He is the son of John and Catherine (Caldwell) McGowan. He was educated in the public schools of Philadelphia, Pa., 1848–’53, and in private schools in Elizabeth, N. J., 1854–’59. Entering the navy, he was appointed acting master’s mate, March 8, 1862; was promoted to acting master May 8, 1862, and ordered to command the U. S. S. Wyandank in the Potomac flotilla. He served on the Potomac and Rappahannock rivers until February, 1863, when he was detached from the Wyandank and ordered to the Florida as navigator. He served on the Florida in the blockade off Wilmington, N. C., until October, 1864, when the ship went to New York for repairs. In November, of the same year, he was detached from the Florida and ordered to the U. S. S. State of Georgia as navigator; arrived off Wilmington, N. C., the day after the capture of Fort Fisher, his ship being then ordered to reinforce the fleet off Charleston, S. C. While there he took part in the Bulls Bay Expedition, which was one of the causes of the evacuation of Charleston by the Confederates. Soon after the evacuation, the State of Georgia was ordered to Aspinwall (Colon) to protect American interests on the Isthmus of Panama. Before sailing for Aspinwall, McGowan succeeded Lieutenant Manly as executive officer of the ship. In November, 1865, he was ordered to the U. S. S. Monongahela as watch and division officer; served on the Monongahela in the West Indies until January, 1867, when he was detached and, a few days later, joined the U. S. S. Tacony, Commander Roe, fitting out for duty in the Gulf Squadron. He was at Vera Cruz nearly all the summer of 1867, which witnessed the fall of Maximilian’s empire. After the death of Maximilian, and the surrender of Vera Cruz to the Liberals, the Tacony returned to Pensacola, Fla., but yellow fever breaking out aboard, the ship went to Portsmouth, N. H., where, after undergoing quarantine, the officers were detached and ordered to their homes the latter part of September, 1867. In October of the same year, McGowan was ordered to duty on board the receiving ship at the Philadelphia navy yard. He commanded the U. S. S. Constellation there, and was afterward executive officer of the frigate Potomac, also a receiving ship, at Philadelphia. In March, 1868, while on the Potomac, he received a commission as master in the regular navy, and in October, 1868, was ordered to duty with the Asiatic fleet. On reporting to the admiral, he was ordered to duty as executive officer of the U. S. S. Unadilla; succeeded to the command of the Unadilla in June, 1869, and in November of that year was detached from the Unadilla and ordered to the U. S. S. Iroquois; returned in her to the United States, the ship going out of commission in April, 1870. In April, 1870, he was promoted to be lieutenant-commander and while in that grade served on the double-turreted monitor Terror, the Wachusett, Juniata and Marion as executive officer, and at the League Island, Philadelphia and Brooklyn navy yards. In January, 1887, he was promoted to commander; commanded the Swatara, St. Mary’s, Portsmouth and Alliance, and was also commandant of the naval training station at Newport, R. I., from December, 1896, to July, 1899. He was promoted captain, February, 1899, and in August took command of the U. S. S. Monadnock at Manila. In November, 1900, he was ordered to duty as commandant of the naval station at Key West, Fla. In April, 1901, he was detached and ordered before the retiring board. He was retired, with the rank of rear admiral, in April, 1901. In October, 1871, he wedded Evelyn Manderson of Philadelphia. Admiral McGowan is a member of the military order of the Loyal Legion, of the Order of Foreign Wars, the Sons of the Revolution, and of the Society of Marine Engineers and Naval Architects. He is also a member of the following clubs: the Metropolitan and Chevy Chase of Washington, D. C.; the Rittenhouse of Philadelphia, the Union of New York, and the New York Yacht Club. Admiral McGowan’s father, Capt. John McGowan, was appointed a lieutenant in the revenue cutter service by President Andrew Jackson. He was at Charleston, S. C., during the nullification period, served in the Seminole War, in the War with Mexico, and in the Civil War. He commanded the steamer Star of the West in the attempt to reinforce Fort Sumter in 1861. He died in January, 1891, aged 85 years.

=McGowan, P. F.=, manufacturer, 224 East 12th Street, New York City. (Life member of the Society.) President of the board of aldermen. Born in Lebanon, Conn., in 1852; went to New York City in 1877 and subsequently engaged in the manufacturing business, in which he is still interested. On January 1, 1900, was appointed by Mayor Van Wyck as a commissioner of education for a term of three years; appointed by Mayor McClellan as a commissioner of education, July 12, 1904, to fill the unexpired term of President H. A. Rogers, and while serving in that capacity was, in 1905, elected president of the board of aldermen for the term expiring January 1, 1910. Mr. McGowan is active in a number of benevolent and fraternal societies. He was a supreme representative of the Royal Arcanum and supreme councilor of the Loyal Association. He is a member of the Manhattan Club, of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick and of the Pensacola Club, of the Fourteenth Assembly District, where he resides. He is a trustee in St. Ann’s Roman Catholic Church, New York Polyclinic Hospital and the West Side Savings Bank.

=McGuire, Edward J.=, lawyer, 52 Wall Street, New York City.

=McGurrin, F. E.=, of F. E. McGurrin & Co., investment bankers, Security Trust Building, Salt Lake City, Utah; president of the Salt Lake Security & Trust Co.

=McIntyre, John F.=, of the law firm Cantor, Adams & McIntyre, 25 Broad Street, New York City.

=McKelleget, Richard J.=, of the law firm R. J. & G. F. McKelleget, Pemberton Building, Boston, Mass.

=McLaughlin, Henry V.= (M. D.), 40 Kent Street, Brookline, Mass.

=McLaughlin, John=, builder, 348 East 81st Street, New York City.

=McLaughlin, Marcus J.=, 250 West 25th Street, New York City.

=McLaughlin, Thomas F.=, 19 East 87th Street, New York City.

=McMahon, James=, 87 McDonough Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.

=McMahon, Rev. John W.= (D. D.), rector of St. Mary’s Church, Charlestown (Boston), Mass.

=McManus, Col. John=, 87 Dorrance Street, Providence, R. I.; was appointed colonel of the Rhode Island Guards Regiment by Governor Van Zandt, in 1887; was one of the commissioners to revise the militia laws of the state; aide-de-camp, with the rank of colonel, on the staff of Governor Davis of Rhode Island; has been prominently identified with all movements for the betterment of Ireland—his native land; is of the firm John McManus & Co., prominent merchant tailors of Providence.

=McManus, Michael=, of McManus & Co., clothiers, Fall River, Mass.

=McManus, Rev. Michael T.=, rector of St. Mary’s Church of the Assumption, Brookline, Mass.

=McMullen, John R.=, lawyer, 60 Wall Street, New York City.

=McOwen, Anthony=, 515 Wales Avenue, borough of the Bronx, New York City.

=McPartland, John E.=, Park Street, New Haven, Conn.

=McQuade, E. A.=, 75–77 Market Street, Lowell, Mass.

=McQuaid, Rev. William P.=, rector of St. James’ Church, Harrison Avenue, Boston, Mass.

=McSweeney, Edward F.=, Evening Traveler, Summer Street, Boston, Mass.

=McTighe, P. J.=, McTighe Grocery Co., wholesale grocers, Fayette Street, Binghamton, N. Y.

=McWalters, John P.=, 141 Broadway, New York City.

=Magrane, P. B.=, dry goods merchant, Lynn, Mass.; and president of the James A. Houston Co., Boston.

=Magrath, Patrick F.=, 244 Front Street, Binghamton, N. Y. (Life member of the Society.)

=Maguire, P. J.=, 223 Third Avenue, New York City.

=Maher, Stephen J.= (M. D.), 212 Orange Street, New Haven, Conn.

=Mahony, William H.=, dry goods, 844 Eighth Avenue, New York City. (Life member of the Society.)

=Malloy, Gen. A. G.=, El Paso, Texas; a veteran of the Mexican and Civil wars; during the latter conflict he was successively major, colonel and brigadier-general; has been collector of the port of Galveston.

=Maloney, Cornelius=, publisher of the Daily Democrat, Waterbury, Conn.

=Maloney, Thomas E.= (M. D.), North Main Street, Fall River, Mass.

=Marshall, Rev. George F.=, rector of St. Paul’s Church, Milford, N. H.

=Martin, James=, recently managing editor, New York Tribune, New York City; now editor of the Newark (N. J.) Advertiser.

=Martin, Hon. John B.=, penal institutions commissioner, 762 Fourth Street, South Boston, Mass.

=Meade, Richard W.=, 125 East 24th Street, New York City; son of the first president-general of the Society.

=Milholland, John E.=, Witherspoon Building, Philadelphia, Pa.; president of the Batcheller Pneumatic Tube Co., of Philadelphia; president of the Pneumatic Dispatch Manufacturing Co., of Pennsylvania; director in the Pearsall Pneumatic Tube and Power Co., of New York, and a director in the Pneumatic Transit Co., of New Jersey. Under him the successful pneumatic tube of the large diameter has been constructed, and it is largely due to his energy and effort that the U. S. post-office department now considers a part of its general delivery system the pneumatic tube service. He is a member of the Transportation Club of New York, the New York Press Club, the Republican Club, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the American Museum of Natural History, and a number of other organizations.

=Moloney, Fred G.=, Ottawa, Ill.

=Moloney, Hon. Maurice T.=, lawyer, rooms 513–515 Moloney Building, Ottawa, Ill. He is a native of County Kerry, Ireland; came to the United States in 1867; graduated in law from the University of Virginia, class of 1871; admitted to the Virginia bar; removed to Illinois and was admitted to the bar of that state; served as city attorney of Ottawa, Ill., in 1879–’80 and 1881; was elected state’s attorney in 1884 and served four years; was elected attorney-general of Illinois and while in this position vigorously prosecuted illegal trusts and made a national reputation through his work; became mayor of Ottawa.

=Molony, Henry A.=, of Molony & Carter, 16 New Street, Charlestown, S. C.

=Monaghan, Hon. James Charles=, professor in the University of Notre Dame, Indiana; recently of the U. S. Department of Commerce and Labor, Washington, D. C.; formerly U. S. consul at Mannheim and at Chemnitz; recently professor of commerce, University of Wisconsin.

=Montfort, Richard=, Louisville, Ky.; chief engineer of the Louisville & Nashville R. R.

=Montgomery, Gen. Phelps=, 39 Church Street, New Haven, Conn.

=Moran, Col. James=, Providence, R. I.; a veteran of the Civil War. He was appointed second lieutenant in the Third Regiment, Rhode Island Volunteers, by Special Orders 53, A. G. O., R. I., August 27, 1861; was commissioned second lieutenant, Fifth Rhode Island Heavy Artillery, November 5, 1861; mustered in December 16, 1861; in command of Company A, from August 8, 1862, until September 20, 1862; assumed command of Company D, September 26, 1862; was commissioned captain and mustered in as such February 14, 1863; on general court martial, July 1863; in command of Fort Amory, at Newberne, N. C., from September 1, 1863, until October 15, 1863; assumed command of post at Hatteras Inlet, N. C., April 21, 1864; in command of forts Foster and Parks, at Roanoke Island, from May 2, 1864, until January, 1865; mustered out January 17, 1865. In May, 1873, he was commissioned colonel of the Rhode Island Guards Regiment, and in June, 1887, became colonel of the Second Regiment, Brigade of Rhode Island Militia.

=Moran, James= (M. D.), 345 West 58th Street, New York City.

=Morgan, John=, 44 West 46th Street, New York City.

=Moriarty, John=, Broadway, Waterbury, Conn.

=Morrissey, Very Rev. Andrew= (C. S. C., D. D., LL. D.), University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind.

=Moseley, Edward A.=, Washington, D. C., president-general of the Society in 1897 and 1898. He succeeded to the position, in the former year, on the death of Admiral Meade, who was the first president-general of the organization. Mr. Moseley is secretary of the U. S. Interstate Commerce Commission. He is ninth in descent from Lieut. Thaddeus Clark, who came from Ireland, and died in Portland, Me., May 16, 1690. Clark was lieutenant of a company of men engaged in the defence of Falmouth, now Portland, during the Indian War. He fell into ambuscade with his company while making a reconnoitre, and was killed with twelve of his men. Mr. Moseley is also a descendant of Deputy-Governor Cleeves (or Cleaves), a founder of Portland, formerly Falmouth, and is sixth in descent from Lieut. John Brown of Belfast, Me., who came with his father from Londonderry, Ire., and was one of the settlers of Londonderry, N. H.; Brown was chairman of the first board of selectmen of Belfast, Me., chosen November 11, 1773, ’74 and ’75; he removed from Londonderry, N. H. While residing there he had been a commissioned officer in the Provincial Army, and had served in the French War. Mr. Moseley is also of patriotic Revolutionary stock, and is a member of the Cincinnati.

=Moynahan, Bartholomew=, lawyer, 120 Broadway, New York City; official stenographer to the New York Supreme Court.

=Mullen, John F.=, 26 Trask Street, Providence, R. I.

=Murphy, D. P., Jr.=, 31 Barclay Street, New York City.

=Murphy, Edward J.=, of the Edward J. Murphy Co., real estate brokers, Springfield, Mass.

=Murphy, Frank J.=, 33 Loring Avenue, Winchester, Mass.

=Murphy, Fred C.=, of the Edward J. Murphy Co., Springfield, Mass.

=Murphy, James=, 42 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.

=Murphy, James R.=, lawyer, 27 School Street, Boston, Mass.

=Murray, John F.=, captain of police, Cambridge, Mass.; residence, 9 Avon Street.

=Murray, Hon. Lawrence O.= (LL. D.), assistant secretary, U. S. Department of Commerce and Labor, Washington, D. C. He is a lawyer by profession. He first went to Washington as secretary to William Edmund Curtis, assistant secretary of the treasury. Subsequently, he held other positions in the treasury, including that of chief of division, and, from September 1, 1898, to June 27, 1899, that of deputy comptroller of the currency. He left the government employ to become the trust officer of the American Trust Company, continuing in that place for three years. He then went to Chicago as secretary of the Central Trust Company of Illinois and served there for two years before becoming assistant secretary of commerce and labor.

=Murray, Patrick=, insurance, 318 West 52d Street, New York City.

=Murray, Thomas Hamilton=, Seaview, Plymouth County, Mass.; secretary-general of the Society; a newspaper man of many years’ experience, during which he has been editorially connected with journals in Boston and Lawrence, Mass., Providence, R. I., and Bridgeport and Meriden, Conn.; has devoted much attention to historical research, particularly in relation to the Irish element in American history, and has delivered addresses on the subject before the New England Historic Genealogical Society; the Rhode Island Historical Society; the Phi Kappa Sigma of Brown University; the Boston Charitable Irish Society (founded 1737), and other organizations; is the author of a number of papers, pamphlets and books.

=Neagle, Rev. Richard=, Malden, Mass.

=Noonan, Daniel A.=, 725 Broadway, New York City.

=O’Brien, Hon. C. D.=, lawyer, Globe Building, St. Paul, Minn.; prosecuting attorney of Ramsey County, Minn., from 1874–’78; assistant U. S. district attorney from 1870–’73; mayor of St. Paul from 1883–’85.

=O’Brien, Dennis F.=, lawyer, 106 West 92d Street, New York City.

=O’Brien, Rev. James J.=, 185 Summer Street, Somerville, Mass.; a son of the late Mayor Hugh O’Brien of Boston, Mass.

=O’Brien, John D.=, Bank of Minnesota Building, St. Paul, Minn.; of the law firm Stevens, O’Brien, Cole & Albrecht.

=O’Brien, Dr. Michael C.=, 161 West 122nd Street, New York City.

=O’Brien, Hon. Morgan J.= (LL. D.), 729 Park Avenue, New York City; trustee of the New York Public Library; former presiding justice of the appellate division of the New York Supreme Court, now senior member of the law firm of O’Brien, Boardman, Platt & Holly, and associated with Grover Cleveland and George Westinghouse as a trustee of the Ryan stock in the Equitable Life Assurance Association.

=O’Brien, Patrick=, of Driscoll & O’Brien, contractors, 399 South Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.

=O’Callaghan, Rt. Rev. Mgr. Denis= (D. D.), rector of St. Augustine’s Church, South Boston, Mass.

=O’Connell, Rt. Rev. Mgr. Denis Joseph= (S. T. D.), rector of the Catholic University, Washington, D. C.

=O’Connell, John=, Flat Iron Building, New York City.

=O’Connell, John=, 302 West End Avenue, New York City.

=O’Connell, John F.=, 306 Broadway, Providence, R. I.

=O’Connell, Hon. Joseph F.=, lawyer, 53 State Street, Boston, Mass.; a member of Congress.

=O’Connell, P. A.=, treasurer of the James A. Houston Co., Boston, Mass.

=O’Connor, Edward=, 302 Broadway, New York City.

=O’Connor, Hon. J. J.=, 414–416 Carroll Street, Elmira, N. Y. (Life member of the Society.)

=O’Connor, J. L.=, Ogdensburg, N. Y.

=O’Connor, M. P.=, Binghamton, N. Y. (Life member of the Society.)

=O’Connor, Thomas=, 920 East 156th Street, New York City.

=O’Doherty, Rev. James=, Haverhill, Mass. (Life member of the Society.)

=O’Doherty, Hon. Matt.=, Louisville, Ky.; a judge of the Circuit Court.

=O’Donovan, Jeremiah (Rossa)=, New York City.

=O’Donnell, Rev. James H.=, rector, St. Mary’s Church, Norwalk, Conn.

=O’Dwyer, Hon. E. F.=, 37 West 76th Street, New York City; chief justice of the City Court of New York.

=O’Farrell, P. A.=, Waldorf-Astoria, New York City (Life member of the Society.)

=O’Flaherty, James=, advertising, 22 North William Street, New York City.

=O’Gorman, Hon. J. A.=, 318 West 108th Street, New York City; a justice of the New York Supreme Court.

=O’Gorman, Thomas A.=, the O’Gorman Co., Providence, R. I.

=O’Hagan, W. J.=, of W. J. O’Hagan & Son, colonial antiques, Charleston, S. C.

=O’Herin, William=, Parsons, Labette County, Kan.; superintendent of machinery and equipment, Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway. (Life member of the Society.)

=O’Keefe, Edmund=, 174 Middle Street, New Bedford, Mass.

=O’Keefe, J. A.= (M. D.), Broadway, Providence, R. I., lieutenant-colonel, Second Regiment, B. R. I. M.

=O’Keefe, John A.=, 25 Exchange Street, Lynn, Mass.; a native of Rockport, Mass.; was graduated from Harvard College, class of 1880; member of the Phi Beta Kappa; taught school in Housatonic, Mass.; was elected submaster of the Lynn (Mass.) High School in 1881 and headmaster of the same in 1885; became a member of the teaching staff of the English High School, Boston, Mass.; studied law; was admitted to the bar of Essex County, Mass., and has since practised law in Lynn. In 1897 he was the Democratic candidate for attorney-general of Massachusetts. Member of the Lynn Board of Associated Charities, member of the New England Association of Colleges and Preparatory Schools; of the Essex Institute, and of the executive board of the Civic League of Lynn. Among Mr. O’Keefe’s classmates at Harvard were: Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, president of the United States; Hon. William S. Andrews, justice of the New York Supreme Court; Robert Bacon, partner of J. P. Morgan; Harold N. Fowler, professor of Latin; Hon. Josiah Quincy, mayor of Boston, Mass.; Albert Bushnell Hart, historian and professor, and many other people of note.

=O’Keefe, John G.=, care of H. L. Horton & Co., 66 Broadway, New York City.

=O’Leary, Jeremiah=, 275 58th Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.

=O’Leary, P. J.=, 161 West 13th Street, New York City.

=O’Loughlin, Patrick=, lawyer, 18 Tremont Street, Boston, Mass.

=O’Meara, Maurice=, president of the Maurice O’Meara Co., paper manufacturers, 448 Pearl Street, New York City.

=O’Neil, Frank S.=, lawyer, O’Neil Building, Binghamton, N. Y.

=O’Neil, Hon. George F.=, Binghamton, N. Y. (Life? member of the Society); was born in Ireland, and came to America at a very early age with his parents. After learning the machinery trade in Binghamton, he went West and engaged in mining in California. Returning to Binghamton, he went into the grocery business and real estate business, bought a controlling interest in a Democratic paper, which naturally brought him into politics. Never having had any taste for public office, he was, however, named as a presidential elector in 1892 for Grover Cleveland. He was appointed a member of the state committee, and served as a commissioner for the World’s Fair at Chicago by appointment of Governor Flower of New York. Having confidence in the growth of Binghamton, he became interested in its progress and general development. He became a stockholder in the electric light plant, a director in the First National Bank, and a trustee of the Susquehanna Valley Savings Bank. He is a prominent member of the Chamber of Commerce, and attends to his large real estate investments, being at the present time the largest tax-payer in the city of Binghamton and county of Broome.

=O’Neil, Hon. Joseph H.=, president of the Federal Trust Co., Boston, Mass.; formerly a member of Congress; was later U. S. treasurer at Boston.

=O’Neil, Rev. John P.=, Peterborough, N. H.

=O’Neill, Rev. Daniel H.=, 935 Main Street, Worcester, Mass.

=O’Neill, Rev. D. P.=, Westchester, N. Y.

=O’Neill, Eugene M.=, Pittsburg, Pa. (Life member of the Society.)

=O’Neill, James L.=, 220 Franklin Street, Elizabeth, N. J.; connected with the Elizabeth post-office for many years past; he has been president of the Young Men’s Father Mathew T. A. Society, and treasurer of St. Patrick’s Alliance, Elizabeth. He was one of the prime movers in the projection and completion of a monument to the late Mayor Mack of Elizabeth.

=O’Rourke, Hon. Jeremiah=, of J. O’Rourke & Sons, architects, 756 Broad Street, Newark, N. J.; U. S. supervising architect under President Cleveland. (Life member of the Society.)

=O’Sullivan, Humphrey=, treasurer of the O’Sullivan Rubber Co., Lowell, Mass.

=O’Sullivan, James=, president of the O’Sullivan Rubber Co., Lowell, Mass.

=O’Sullivan, John=, with the H. B. Claflin Co., Church Street, New York City.

=O’Sullivan, Sylvester J.=, 66 Liberty Street, New York City, manager of the New York office of the United States Fidelity and Guaranty Co., of Baltimore, Md.

=Patterson, Rev. George J.=, V. G., the Cathedral rectory, Boston, Mass.

=Phelan, Hon. James D.=, Phelan Building, San Francisco, Cal.; recently mayor of San Francisco.

=Phelan, James J.=, 16 Exchange Place, New York City; treasurer of the King’s County Refrigerating Co.; director in the Stuyvesant Insurance Co.; director in the Cosmopolitan Fire Insurance Co. When Ferdinand de Lesseps contracted to build the Panama Canal, Mr. Phelan became treasurer and manager of the American Contracting and Dredging Co., in which he was associated with the late Eugene Kelly, George Bliss, H. B. Slaven and others. This company contracted for and built fifteen miles of the canal. In 1891 Mr. Phelan was appointed treasurer of the department of docks of the City of New York, which office he held for five years.

=Phelan, John J.=, lawyer, 7 Wall Street, New York City; graduate of Manhattan College and of the Columbia Law School; member of the Xavier Alumni Sodality, the N. Y. Catholic Club, and the Manhattan Alumni Society.

=Phelan, Rev. J.=, Marcus, Ia.

=Philbin, Eugene A.=, lawyer, 52–54 William St., New York City; a regent of the University of the State of New York.

=Piggott, Michael=, 1634 Vermont Street, Quincy, Ill.; a veteran of the Civil War. He was made second lieutenant of Company F, Western Sharpshooters, in 1861, while at Camp Benton, St. Louis, Mo.; was promoted first lieutenant, and while at Fort Donaldson, in the spring of 1862, was made captain; lost a leg at Resaca, Ga., in May, 1864; was subsequently connected with the U. S. revenue service; messenger in the national House of Representatives, Washington, D. C.; was made postmaster of Quincy, Ill., during President Grant’s first term, and held the position for over sixteen years; was appointed special Indian agent by President Harrison, and in that, as in every position held, displayed eminent ability.

=Pigott, William=, iron and steel, Alaska Building, Seattle, Wash. (Life member of the Society.)

=Plunkett, Thomas=, 257 Sixth Street, East Liverpool, O.

=Power, Rev. James W.=, 47 East 129th Street, New York City.

=Powers, Patrick H.=, president of the Emerson Piano Co., 120 Boylston Street, Boston, Mass.

=Prendergast, W. A.=, 20 Nassau Street, New York City.

=Quinlan, Francis J.= (M. D., LL. D.), 33 West 38th Street, New York City; was for a number of years surgeon in the U. S. Indian service; recently president of the New York Celtic Medical Society; president of the County Medical Association of New York; member of the State Medical Association, of the American Medical Association, and of the Academy of Medicine. Besides holding these positions of honor and responsibility, he is visiting surgeon to St. Vincent’s Hospital, New York City, to the New York City Hospital, to the Foundling Hospital and St. Joseph’s Hospital, Yonkers, N. Y. He is professor of Laryngology and Rhinology in New York Polyclinic and Laryngologist and Otologist to St. John’s Hospital, Long Island City.

=Quinn, John=, lawyer, 120 Broadway, New York City.

=Quinn, W. Johnson=, manager of the Hotel Empire, New York City.

=Ramsey, Clarence J.=, 132 West 12th Street, New York City; public appraiser.

=Reardon, Edmund=, manufacturer, Cambridge, Mass.

=Regan, John H.=, lawyer, 422 55th Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.

=Regan, W. P.=, architect, Lawrence, Mass.

=Richardson, Stephen J.=, 1785 Madison Avenue, New York City.

=Roach, James F.=, 5822 Fifth Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y.

=Rogan, John H.=, lawyer, 145 Nassau Street, New York City.

=Rohan, John D.=, 49 Wall Street, New York City.

=Rooney, John Jerome=, of Rooney & Spence, customs and insurance brokers, forwarding agents, 66, 68 and 70 Beaver Street, New York City.

=Roosevelt, Hon. Theodore=, president of the United States, White House, Washington, D. C.

=Rorke, James=, 40 Barclay Street, New York City.

=Ryan, Charles V.=, Springfield, Mass.

=Ryan, Christopher S.=, Lexington, Mass.

=Ryan, James T.=, Phenix Insurance Co., P. O. Box 1010, New York City.

=Ryan, John J.=, 171 East 94th Street, New York City.

=Ryan, Michael=, 377 Broadway, New York City.

=Ryan, Michael J.=, Waterbury, Conn.

=Ryan, Nicholas W.=, 1444 Boston Road, borough of the Bronx, New York City.

=Ryan, Hon. Patrick J.=, mayor-elect of Elizabeth, N. J.; is of the firm P. J. & W. H. Ryan, real estate and fire insurance, 205 Broad Street, Elizabeth.

=Ryan, Most Rev. Patrick J.= (D. D.), archbishop of Philadelphia, Pa.; the Cathedral, Philadelphia.

=Ryan, Timothy M.= (M. D.), Torrington, Conn.

=Ryan, Hon. William=, of Wm. Ryan & Co., grocers, Port Chester, N. Y.

=Sanders, Col. C. C.=, Gainesville, Ga; president of the State Banking Co. of Gainesville; alternate commissioner to World’s Fair, Chicago, Ill., 1893; vice-president for Georgia, American Bankers’ Association. Colonel Sanders is of Irish and English ancestry. On the maternal side he is descended from Thomas and Theodosia M. Smyth, who emigrated from Ireland in 1793, landing in Charleston, S. C. They settled in Jones County, Ga. Thomas died November 28, 1799. On the paternal side Colonel Sanders is a descendant of Rev. Moses Sanders, who emigrated from England, with two brothers, John and David, and arrived in Petersburg, Va., 1765. They embraced the patriotic cause in the Revolution and were active in operations against the British. Colonel Sanders, the subject of this sketch, graduated from the Georgia Military Institute, in June, 1861; entered the Confederate service; was made lieutenant-colonel of the Twenty-fourth Regiment of Infantry, Georgia Volunteers, August, 1861; served under General Lee in the Peninsular campaign, in the seven days’ battles around Richmond, Va., and was among the bravest of the brave; commanded his regiment at Malvern Hill and at Marye’s Heights, Fredericksburg, where the Twenty-fourth was a part of the Confederate forces that received the valorous charges of Meagher’s Irish Brigade. He also commanded the regiment at the battles of Chancellorsville and Antietam, at which latter conflict he was placed in command of Wofford’s Brigade. While in this position he met a bayonet charge from the Federals by a counter bayonet charge, and in the desperate fighting that ensued, fifty-eight per cent of Sanders’ heroic force was swept away. Colonel Sanders also led the Twenty-fourth at Cedar Creek, Chickamauga, Knoxville, the Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court House, and Sailor’s Creek. On April 6, 1865, Ewell’s Corps, to which Colonel Sanders’ regiment was then attached, was captured, and Colonel Sanders was sent as a prisoner of war to Washington, D. C. Writing of Meagher’s Irish Brigade, Colonel Sanders says: “I was in command of the Twenty-fourth Georgia Regiment, with other troops, at the foot of Marye’s Heights, receiving the five heroic and gallant charges of the Irish Brigade, whose prodigies of valor have filled the country with admiration. I saw the devoted Irish charge up to our breastworks, to be mowed down by a line of Confederate fire that no soldiers could withstand. I saw the Irish battalions cut down like grain before the reaper, yet the survivors would magnificently close up their ranks only to have huge gaps again cut through them. When forced back they rallied and came bravely on again, only to be riddled with bullets and torn by artillery. Their fifth charge was made with greatly decimated ranks that slowly recoiled like the waves of a tempestuous sea. When twilight descended upon the scene, a spectacle was presented unequaled in warfare. At least three fourths of my command was composed of men of Irish descent and knew that the gallant dead in our front were our kindred of the land beyond the sea. When, one by one, the stars came out that night, many tears were shed by Southern Confederate eyes for the heroic Federal Irish dead.” During the war Colonel Sanders was offered the rank of brigadier-general but declined the same.

=Sasseen, Robert A.=, 50 Pine Street, New York City; insurance investments. (Life member of the Society.)

=Scott, Cornelius J.=, manufacturer of awnings, decorations, etc., 439 West 57th Street, New York City.

=Scott, Joseph=, lawyer, Bradbury Building, Los Angeles, Cal.

=Shahan, Very Rev. Thomas J.= (S. T. D., J. U. L.), professor of church history, Catholic University, Washington, D. C.; S. T. D., Propaganda, Rome, 1882; J. U. L., Roman Seminary, 1889.

=Shanahan, Very Rev. Edmund T.= (Ph. D., S. T. D., J. C. L.), professor of dogmatic theology, Catholic University, Washington, D. C.; A. B., Boston College, 1888; S. T. D., Propaganda, Rome, 1893; J. C. L., Roman Seminary, Rome, 1895; Ph. D., Roman Academy, 1895. Instructor in philosophy and dogmatic theology, American College, Rome, 1894–’95; lecturer in philosophy, University of Pennsylvania, 1898–’99; associate professor of philosophy, the Catholic University of America, 1895–1901.

=Shanley, John F.=, 17 Washington Street, Newark, N. J.

=Shanley, Thomas J.=, 344 West 87th Street, New York City.

=Shea, Daniel W.= (Ph. D.), professor of physics, Catholic University, Washington, D. C.; A. B., Harvard University, 1886; A. M., Harvard University, 1888; Ph. D., Berlin, 1892. Assistant in physics, Harvard University, 1889 and 1892; assistant professor of physics in the University of Illinois, 1892–’93; professor of physics in the University of Illinois, 1893–’95.

=Sheedy, Bryan DeF.= (M. D.), 162 West 73d Street, New York City.

=Sheran, Hugh F.=, 46 Woodbine Street, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

=Sherman, P. Tecumseh=, of the law firm Taft & Sherman, 15 William Street, New York City; member of the Union League Club and of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion; son of the late Gen. William T. Sherman.

=Shuman A.=, merchant clothier, 440 Washington Street, Boston, Mass.

=Slattery, John J.=, president Todd-Donigan Iron Co., Louisville, Ky.

=Sloane, Charles W.=, lawyer, 54 William Street, New York City.

=Smith, Hon. Andrew C.= (M. D.), Dekum Building, Portland, Oregon; president of the State Board of Health; president of the Hibernia Savings Bank; member of the state Senate from 1900 to 1904; has served on the staff of St. Vincent’s Hospital for many years; has been president of the State and City Medical societies; represented Oregon for two years in the House of Delegates of the American Medical Association.

=Smith, James=, 26 Broadway, New York City.

=Smith, Rev. James J.=, 88 Central Street, Norwich, Conn.

=Smith, Joseph=, Lowell, Mass.

=Smith, Thomas F.=, clerk of the city court, 32 Chambers Street, New York City.

=Smyth, Rev. Hugh P.=, rector of St. John’s Church, Lawrence Avenue, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

=Smyth, Rev. Thomas=, Springfield, Mass.

=Smyth, Rev. Thomas M.=, East Liverpool, O.

=Somers, P. E.=, manufacturer of tacks and nails, Worcester, Mass. (Life member of the Society.)

=Spellacy, Thomas J.=, lawyer, 26 State Street, Hartford, Conn.

=Spillane, J. B.=, managing editor Music Trade Review, Metropolitan Life Building, 1 Madison Avenue, New York City.

=Storen, William J.=, 232 Calhoun Street, Charleston, S. C.

=Sullivan, James E.= (M. D.), Providence, R. I.; was graduated from Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York, 1879; also studied medicine in Dublin, London and Paris; was city physician of Fall River, Mass., for seven years; married, in 1885, Alice, daughter of the late Joseph Banigan of Providence; retired from practice in 1891; member of the Rhode Island, Massachusetts and Providence Medical societies; vice-president of the University Club, Providence; a director of the Rhode Island Hospital Trust Co.; president and treasurer of the Sullivan Investment Co., Providence.

=Sullivan, John J.=, lawyer, 203 Broadway, New York City.

=Sullivan, Hon. M. B.= (M. D.), Dover, N. H., formerly a state senator.

=Sullivan, M. F.= (M. D.), Oak Street, Lawrence, Mass.

=Sullivan, Michael H.=, lawyer, 34 School St., Boston, Mass.

=Sullivan, Michael X.= (Ph. D.), instructor, Brown University, Providence, R. I.

=Sullivan, Roger G.=, cigar manufacturer, 803 Elm Street, Manchester, N. H.

=Sullivan, T. P.= (M. D.), 318 South Main Street, Fall River, Mass.

=Sullivan, Timothy P.=, Concord, N. H.; furnished granite from his New Hampshire quarries for the new national Library Building, Washington, D. C.

=Sullivan, William B.=, lawyer, Tremont Building, Boston, Mass.

=Supple, Rev. James N.=, rector of St. Francis de Sales Church, Charlestown (Boston), Mass.

=Sweeney, John F.=, the Sweeney Co., 256 Main Street, Buffalo, N. Y. (Life member of the Society.)

=Sweeney, Rev. Timothy P.=, Fall River, Mass.

=Sweeny, William Montgomery=, 120 Franklin Street, Astoria, L. I., N. Y.

=Swords, Joseph F.=, Sulphur, Oklahoma. He is a descendant of Cornet George Swords, one of the A. D. 1649 officers in the service of kings Charles I and Charles II in Ireland. Joseph F. Swords is a member of the Sons of the American Revolution. He is of the fourth American generation from Francis Dawson Swords, graduate of Trinity College, Dublin, 1750, who was exiled from Ireland, 1760, and who served in the Patriot Army throughout the War of the Revolution.

=Tack, Theodore E.=, 52 Broadway, New York City.

=Taggart, Hon. Thomas=, Indianapolis, Ind.; proprietor of the Grand Hotel there; was elected auditor of Marion County, 1886; re-elected, 1890; has been mayor of Indianapolis; chairman of the Democratic state committee, 1892 and 1894; district chairman of the Seventh Congressional District; member from Indiana of the Democratic national committee. Is a native of Ireland.

=Teeling, Rt. Rev. Arthur J.= (D. D.), rector of St. Mary’s Church, Lynn, Mass.

=Thompson, Frank=, 257 West 129th Street, New York City.

=Thompson, James=, of James Thompson & Bro., Louisville, Ky.

=Tierney, Dennis H.=, real estate and insurance, Tierney’s Block, Bank Street, Waterbury, Conn.

=Tierney, Edward M.=, Hotel Marlborough, Broadway, New York City.

=Tierney, Henry S.=, 59 Prescott St., Torrington, Conn.

=Tierney, Myles=, 317 Riverside Drive, New York City. (Life member of the Society.) President, Hudson Trust Co., Hoboken, N. J.

=Toale, Patrick P.=, Toale P. O., Aiken County, S. C.

=Travers, Vincent P.=, of the Travers Brothers Co., 41 Worth Street, New York City.

=Tully, Hon. William J.=, Corning, N. Y.; a state senator.

=Twohy, George J.=, trust officer, the Citizens’ Bank of Norfolk, Va.

=Vincent, John=, lawyer, 45 Cedar Street, New York City; was first assistant district attorney under the late Hon. John McKeon for two years, and on his death was appointed by the court as his successor ad interim.

=Vredenburgh, Watson, Jr.=, civil engineer, 50 Broadway, New York City.

=Waldron, E. M.=, of E. M. Waldron & Co., building contractors, 84 South Sixth Street, Newark, N. J.

=Walker, William O’Brien=, 90 Wall Street, New York City, a descendant of the Revolutionary O’Briens of Machias, Me.

=Waller, Hon. Thomas M.=, New London, Conn.; lawyer; member of the Connecticut Legislature, 1867, 1868, 1872, 1876 (speaker, 1876); secretary of state of Connecticut, 1870; mayor of New London, 1873; state’s attorney, 1876–’83; governor of Connecticut, 1882–’84; United States consul-general to London, England, 1885–’89; commissioner to World’s Columbian Exposition.

=Walsh, Frank=, secretary and credit manager, Wilkinson, Gaddis & Co., wholesale grocers, 866–868 Broad Street, Newark, N. J.

=Walsh, P. J.=, 503 Fifth Avenue, New York City.

=Walsh, Philip C.=, 260 Washington Street, Newark, N. J.; of Walsh’s Sons & Co., dealers in irons and metals.

=Walsh, Philip C.=, Jr., 260 Washington Street, Newark, N. J.

=Walsh, Wm. P.=, 247 Water Street, Augusta, Me.

=Ward, Edward=, of Ward Bros., contractors, Kennebunk, Me.

=Ward, John T.=, Kennebunk, Me.

=Ward, Michael J.=, 17 Shailer St., Brookline, Mass.

=Whalen, Hon. John S.=, secretary of state, Albany, N. Y.

=Wilhere, Hon. M. F.=, 31st and Master streets, Philadelphia, Pa.

=Wright, Henry=, enameled wall tile, vitrified and glazed ceramics, aseptic floors, encaustic and embossed tiles, 584 East 148th Street, New York City.

=Zabriskie, George A.=, 123 Produce Exchange, New York City.

NOTE.—The publication of the present volume has been unavoidably delayed. This circumstance, however, has permitted the addition to the Roll of the names of members admitted early in 1908.

WALTER H. CREAMER. Lynn, Mass. ]

CAPT. JAMES W. McCARRICK. Norfolk, Va. ]

DANIEL W. SHEA, PH. D. Washington, D. C. ]

JOHN LAVELLE. Cleveland, Ohio. ]

CONGRESSMAN JOSEPH F. O’CONNELL. Boston, Mass. ]

SOME MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY.

PRESIDENTS-GENERAL OF THE SOCIETY.

=1897.= =Rear-Admiral Richard W. Meade, U. S. N. (retired), Philadelphia, Pa. Died May 4, 1897.=

1897. Hon. Edward A. Moseley, secretary of the Interstate Commerce Commission, Washington, D. C.; was elected president-general on death of Admiral Meade.

1898. Hon. Edward A. Moseley, Washington, D. C.

1899. Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, Boston, Mass.; a prominent lawyer of that city; ex-member of the Police Commission; member of the Boston Transit Commission.

1900. Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, Boston, Mass.

1901. Hon. John D. Crimmins, New York City; prominent capitalist; official in banks, trust companies and other corporations.

1902. Hon. John D. Crimmins, New York City.

1903. Hon. William McAdoo, New York City; assistant secretary of the U. S. Navy under President Cleveland; prominent lawyer; ex-member of Congress; police commissioner of the City of New York.

1904. Hon. William McAdoo, New York City.

1905. Hon. John D. Crimmins, New York City.

1906. Rear-Admiral John McGowan, U. S. N. (retired), Washington, D. C.

1907. Rear-Admiral John McGowan, U. S. N. (retired), Washington, D. C.

NOTE.—In Volume VI of the JOURNAL, and in one or two of the preceding volumes, the name of the first President-General of the Society, owing to an oversight in proof-reading, appears as George W. Meade. It should be Richard W., as above given.

GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING THE AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

The Society was organized on January 20, 1897, in Boston, Mass., and now has members in many states, the District of Columbia, one territory and two foreign countries.

Briefly stated, the object of the organization is to make better known the Irish chapter in American history.

There are two classes of members in the organization,—Life and Annual. The life membership fee is $50 (paid once). The fee for annual members is $5, paid yearly. In the case of new annual members, the initiation fee, $5, also pays the membership dues for the first year.

The board of government comprises a president-general, a vice-president-general, a secretary-general, a treasurer-general, a librarian and archivist, and an executive council. There are also state vice-presidents.

The Society has already issued several bound volumes and a number of other publications. These have been distributed to the members and to public libraries; also to historical organizations and to universities. Each member of the Society is entitled, free of charge, to a copy of every publication issued from the time of his admittance. These publications are of great interest and value, and are more than an equivalent for the membership fee.

The Society draws no lines of creed or politics. Being an American organization in spirit and principle, it welcomes to its ranks Americans of whatever race descent, and of whatever creed, who take an interest in the objects for which the Society is organized. Membership application blanks will be furnished on request.

The membership includes many people of prominence, and has been addressed by many distinguished men. It occupies a position in the front rank of American historical organizations.

VOLUME VI OF THE JOURNAL.

A copy of Volume VI of the JOURNAL of the Society was presented each of the following libraries:

PUBLIC LIBRARIES.

Arlington, Mass. Augusta, Me. Baltimore, Md. Bangor, Me. Binghamton, N. Y. Boston, Mass. Bridgeport, Conn. Brookline, Mass. Brooklyn, N. Y. Buffalo, N. Y. Cambridge, Mass. Chelsea, Mass. Chicago, Ill. Cincinnati, O. Cleveland, O. Columbus, O. Concord, N. H. Dedham, Mass. Denver, Col. Detroit, Mich. Dover, N. H. Elizabeth, N. J. Elmira, N. Y. Fall River, Mass. Fitchburg, Mass. Hartford, Conn. Haverhill, Mass. Holyoke, Mass. Indianapolis, Ind. Jamestown, N. Y. Lawrence, Mass. Leavenworth, Kan. Los Angeles, Cal. Lowell, Mass. Lynn, Mass. Malden, Mass. Manchester, N. H. Medford, Mass. Milwaukee, Wis. Minneapolis, Minn. Nahant, Mass. Nashua, N. H. New Bedford, Mass. Newburgh, N. Y. Newburyport, Mass. New Haven, Conn. New London, Conn. Newton, Mass. New Orleans, La. New York, N. Y. Norwich, Conn. Northampton, Mass. Oswego, N. Y. Peabody, Mass. Peace Dale, R. I. Peoria, Ill. Peterborough, N. H. Philadelphia, Pa. Pittsfield, Mass. Plymouth, Mass. Portland, Me. Portsmouth, N. H. Providence, R. I. Quincy, Mass. Rochester, N. Y. Sacramento, Cal. Salem, Mass. Saratoga, N. Y. Somerville, Mass. Springfield, Mass. Stamford, Conn. St. Louis, Mo. St. Paul, Minn. Syracuse, N. Y. Taunton, Mass. Toledo, O. Troy, N. Y. Utica, N. Y. Waltham, Mass. Watertown, Mass. Woonsocket, R. I. Worcester, Mass. Yonkers, N. Y.

NOTE.—Many of the libraries here mentioned have also copies of preceding volumes and other publications of the Society.

COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES.

Annapolis, U. S. Naval Academy. Boston University. Bowdoin. Brown. Clark, Worcester, Mass. Catholic University of America, Washington, D. C. Cincinnati. College of the City of New York. Columbia. Cornell. Dartmouth. Georgetown, Washington, D. C. George Washington University. Harvard. Johns Hopkins. Leland Stanford, Jr. New York University. Princeton. Seton Hall. Simmons College, Boston, Mass. Trinity College, Washington, D. C. Tufts. University of California. University of Chicago. University of Georgia. University of Michigan. University of Nebraska. University of Pennsylvania. University of Washington, Seattle. University of Texas. University of Vermont. University of Virginia. Washington, St. Louis, Mo. West Point. Yale.

OTHER LIBRARIES.

American Antiquarian Society. Boston Athenaeum. Cambridge (Mass.) Historical Society. Catholic Club, New York City. Connecticut Historical Society. Cooper Union, New York City. Essex Institute, Salem, Mass. Kansas State Historical Society. Library of Congress. New York Historical Society. Maryland Historical Society. Massachusetts Historical Society. Minnesota Historical Society. Newberry Library, Chicago. New England Historic Genealogical Society. New Hampshire State Library. Newport (R. I.) Historical Society. New York State Library. Redwood Library, Newport, R. I. Rhode Island Historical Society. Wisconsin Historical Society.

PRAISE FOR VOLUME VI.

Among the letters received by Secretary Murray in praise of Vol. VI were the following:

From Dr. George McAleer, Worcester, Mass.:

WORCESTER, MASS., April 6, 1907.

DEAR MR. MURRAY: I have just received Volume VI of the Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society. Its pages are filled with much important matter along the line in which the Society is specially interested, and it easily outranks any of its predecessors. Congratulating you upon your contribution thereto and the Society upon its production, I am,

Yours very sincerely, GEO. MCALEER.

From the Librarian of Trinity College, Washington, D. C.:

TRINITY COLLEGE, WASHINGTON, D. C., April 15, 1907.

THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY, ESQ., Secretary of the American-Irish Historical Society.

DEAR SIR: The sixth volume of the records of your Society was received last week, and it is my pleasant duty to thank you for your courtesy in sending it to our library. The whole volume is extremely interesting, and the articles of such equal value that it is hard to put one before another. Two classes in history are just engaged on the periods covered by your learned writers.

Very sincerely yours, SISTER MARY PATRICIA, S. N. D., College Librarian.

From the President of Seton Hall College:

SETON HALL COLLEGE, SOUTH ORANGE, N. J., June 12, 1907.

THOS. H. MURRAY, Secretary.

DEAR SIR: I acknowledge with great pleasure the receipt of the Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society, Volume VI, 1906. I have perused it with great satisfaction and am happy and proud to know that the glorious part which the Irish bore in our early history, and are bearing today, is being so well brought before the eyes of the world.

“To make better known the Irish Chapter in American History,” your neat and wholesome volume will undoubtedly contribute much, for the spirit manifested throughout the book is such as to beget love of the race and an interest to continue reading. And you build up the glorious edifice of true American-Irish history by simply claiming your due and disparaging no man. This intention, your illustrious President-General McGowan, in his address to the members of the Society, has chivalrously expressed in these memorable words: “We rob no race to gild the Irish name when we undertake to unearth the records of the past.... We merely wish to claim, assert and set forth the credit which to us belongs, for the part that men and women of Irish blood took in bringing about the reign of liberty and freedom we now enjoy.... We do not wish to praise ourselves by ‘masquerading in borrowed plumes,’ nor have we any desire to detract one iota from the credit that is honestly that of others.”

Wishing you and your Society continued success and influence, and thanking you once again for your kindness, believe me,

Most sincerely yours, (VERY REV.) JAMES F. MOONEY, President, Seton Hall College.

From Hon. P. T. Barry, Chicago, Ill.:

87–97 SOUTH JEFFERSON STREET, CHICAGO, April 8, 1907.

THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY, Secretary-General, American-Irish Historical Society, Boston, Mass.

DEAR SIR: Many thanks for the copy of the sixth volume of the Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society, to hand. This handsome companion to the other five already issued of the Society’s good work in restoring and compiling important facts pertaining to men of Irish birth and lineage in this country, makes interesting as well as instructive reading, indeed. I congratulate you upon the good work, and with best wishes I am,

Very truly yours, P. T. BARRY.

From the President of the Boston Charitable Irish Society (founded 1737).

CHARITABLE IRISH SOCIETY, BOSTON, May 24, 1907.

DEAR MR. MURRAY: Let me add a line of praise to the many you will probably receive for your work on the sixth volume of the Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society that reached me recently. Its contents are both interesting and instructive; such information as it contains becomes more valuable from day to day and I trust the good work will be continued. With grateful appreciation I am,

Sincerely yours, JOHN J. KEENAN, President.

From the University of Nebraska:

THE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LIBRARY, LINCOLN, NEB., April 13, 1907.

DEAR SIR: Please accept our thanks for Volume VI of the Journal of the Society, which you have been kind enough to present to the University Library. It is full of interesting and valuable matter, and will be highly appreciated by our department of American history.

Of the previous volumes, I find that we have only Volume IV, and am writing to ask if it would be possible for you to furnish us with Volumes I to III and V, in order that our file of your valuable Journal may be complete?

If you can arrange to supply these I shall be most grateful, both on behalf of the library and of the department of American history.

Very truly yours, WALTER K. JEWETT, Librarian.

From M. J. Jordan, Esq., Counsellor-at-Law, Boston, Mass.:

42 COURT STREET, BOSTON, MASS., April 3, 1907.

MY DEAR MR. MURRAY: I received this morning the Society’s Journal for 1906. I find it like its predecessors, of great interest. Its admirable arrangement, valuable information, completeness of detail, is not a small or ordinary tribute to the skill and untiring earnestness of its compiler. I consider in the present, as well as the future, such a work invaluable.

Very sincerely yours, MICHAEL J. JORDAN.

From Patrick O’Loughlin, Esq., Counsellor-at-Law, Boston, Mass.:

BOSTON, MASS., April 4, 1907.

THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY, ESQ., Secretary-General American-Irish Historical Society, Boston, Mass.

MY DEAR MR. MURRAY: I have just received Volume VI of the Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society, and have perused its contents with a great deal of interest.

No word of mine can convey the gratitude I personally feel for the disinterested and fruitful work of those, yourself among them, whose labors have succeeded in resurrecting so much information of value, tending to point out the importance of the work of the early Irish emigrants in the formative period of American history and institutions.

I pray the good work may be continued, to the end that our children, as Americans, may learn the truths of history rather than its vagaries and falsehoods. With great respect, believe me,

Sincerely yours, P. O’LOUGHLIN.

Appreciation briefly expressed:

John J. Slattery, President of the Todd-Donigan Iron Company, Louisville, Ky.: “I beg to acknowledge receipt of the sixth volume of the Society’s publications, which, like the preceding volumes, is full of interesting and instructive matter.”

From John Lavelle, Cleveland, O.: “I beg to acknowledge the receipt of the Society’s annual Journal, which I prize highly. A tithe of the information it contains is worth more than several annual dues. God bless our work.”

From the Rev. T. J. Finn, Port Chester, N. Y.: “The sixth volume of the Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society was received safely. You deserve the warmest congratulations on the interesting and instructive articles.”

From Maurice O’Meara, New York City: “I am in receipt of Volume VI of the Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society. I am very much pleased with it. It is very fine.”

From James L. O’Neill, Elizabeth, N. J.: “I have received the sixth volume of our Society’s Journal. It is rich in historical matters beyond my expectations.”

From Philip A. Curran, Waterbury, Conn.: “My Dear Friend: Please accept my sincere thanks for your kindness in sending me the new volume. It looks as interesting as its predecessors, and I hope to find time in the near future to read it through and through.”

From P. F. Magrath, Binghamton, N. Y.: “Volume VI of the Journal is a credit to the Society. It is very rich in historical information of a most valuable kind, all neatly arranged and ably presented by the various writers.”

From Capt. James Connolly, Coronado, Cal.: “The sixth volume of the Journal of the Society is a handsome book. The organization should be proud of it.”

From the Plymouth Public Library, Plymouth, Mass.:

MY DEAR SIR: I wish to thank you for the Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society kindly sent by the Society to the Plymouth Public Library.

Very truly yours, NELLIE THOMAS, Librarian.

April 24, 1907.

From the New Orleans Public Library, New Orleans, La.:

April 17, 1907.

DEAR SIR: The New Orleans Public Library has received from you a copy of the “Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society.” Please accept the thanks of the library for your kind donation.

Yours very truly, HENRY M. GILL, Librarian.

From Henry Stoddard Ruggles, Wakefield, Mass., April 5, 1907.

THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY, ESQ., Secretary-General:

DEAR MR. MURRAY: I acknowledge with many thanks receipt, by your courtesy, of the latest volume of your Society’s Journal, filled with most valuable papers on many subjects, and exhibiting the same elegance of typography as its predecessors and the evidences of the careful proof-reading so essential in such works.

Yours very truly, H. S. RUGGLES.

From Dennis H. Tierney, Waterbury, Conn.:

MY DEAR FRIEND MURRAY: The Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society for 1906, being Volume VI, is at hand, and it is replete with interesting narrative and historical facts which are worthy of the Society.

Fraternally yours, D. H. TIERNEY.

From the Library of Congress, City of Washington, April 4, 1907:

SIR: In behalf of the joint committee of both houses of Congress on the library, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society, Vol. 6, presented by the Society to the Library of Congress.

Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, HERBERT PUTNAM, Librarian of Congress.

By H. H. B. MEYER, Chief, Order Division.

TO MR. THOMAS H. MURRAY, SECRETARY, SEAVIEW, MASS.

From the Catholic University of America, Washington, D. C., May 18, 1907.

DEAR SIR: Permit me, in behalf of the rector and the faculties of the Catholic University of America, to acknowledge, with thanks, the receipt of a copy of the “Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society,” Vol. VI, which you have been so kind as to present to this library.

Yours very truly, WM. TURNER, Librarian.

From Francis I. McCanna, counsellor-at-law, Providence, R. I.:

MY DEAR MR. MURRAY: I wish to acknowledge, with thanks, receipt of Volume VI, Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society. This volume is very interesting and a commendable production in every respect. I want to congratulate you upon this fine result of your meritorious work.

Very cordially yours, FRANCIS I. MCCANNA.

From the Riggs Memorial Library, Georgetown University:

On behalf of the University I beg to acknowledge the receipt of your courteous gift: Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society, Vol. VI, for which I am directed to return cordial thanks.

Yours with much esteem, HENRY J. SHANDELLE, S. J., Librarian.

Washington, D. C., April 6, 1907.

GENERAL INDEX.

A bit of New York History, 76.

A glance at some pioneer Irish in the South, 45.

Annual meeting and dinner, 7.

By way of introduction, 3.

Emigration from New England to Ireland, 32.

Executive Council of the Society, 5.

Frontispiece.

General information regarding the American-Irish Historical Society, 162.

Historical notes and papers, 15.

Irish Ability in the United States, 17.

Irish Influence in the Life of Baltimore, 69.

Leading Events in the Career of the Society for 1907, 103.

Membership Roll of the Society, 127.

Necrology, 117.

Officers of the Society, 5.

Other Vice-Presidents, 6.

Praise for Volume VI, 165.

Presentations of Volume VI, 163.

Presidents-General of the Society, 161.

State Vice-Presidents, 6.

The Battle of New Orleans, 97.

The Irish in Appleton’s Encyclopedia of American Biography, 22.

The Kelts of Colonial Boston, 80.

Walsh’s Irish Regiment of Marine Artillery, French Army, 59.

ANALYTICAL INDEX.

A Bit of New York History, paper by Thomas F. Meehan, in N. Y. Catholic News, 76.

A Calendar of John Paul Jones’ Manuscripts in the Library of Congress, 59.

A Catholic was one of the Commissioners, 41.

Ackland, Thomas, paper by, 80.

Actors, list of, 31.

Adventurous Irishman present “in all the early voyages of the English,” 47.

Affair at Fort William and Mary, paper, 35.

“A fleete of nine sayl of ships” with 800 for the plantations of Virginia, 57.

Agitators who have distinguished themselves included, 22.

A glance at some of the Pioneer Irish in the South, paper by M. J. O’Brien, 45.

“A hulke of Dublin,” 48.

Aiken, Lambert & Co., 121.

Alknomac, from Sligo, Ireland; cast away at Martha’s Vineyard, Mass., 38.

Allen, Capt., commander of a company, 89.

Allied with many of the old families, 38.

Allison, Dr. Patrick, first pastor of Presbyterian Church, 73.

Alsop farm, Newtown, L. I., purchased for a burial ground, 80.

“A magnificent stone residence,” 37.

American Catholic Historical Researches, 36.

American College at Louvain, Belgium, 117.

American Ecclesiastical Review, 118.

American frigate Constitution, 85.

American-Irish Historical Society, 88, 103, 111, 112, 113, 115, 162.

Americans of Irish blood, to, 81.

Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, 84, 85, 89.

An Early Dougherty Mentioned, 96.

Anent the Shannon Family, paper, 101.

Anglo-Saxon, the thing among some educators, 69.

“An ideal soldier,” 42.

“An Irish Man-of-War,” concerning, 95.

Annual meeting of the Society, 1907, 104.

Another Irishman who was not afraid to face the Indians, 46.

Antwerp, 109.

Appleton’s Encyclopedia tables, 31, 32.

Appleton’s Encyclopedia of American Biography, classification in, 17.

Appleton’s gives 65 names of Irish, 20, 21.

Appleton’s list of actors, 31.

Appleton’s list of Catholic clergy, 24, 25, 26.

Appleton’s list of distinguished men, 29, 30.

Appleton’s list of distinguished men in navy, 29.

Appleton’s list of engineers, 30.

Appleton’s list of inventors, 30.

Appleton’s list of lawyers, 26, 27.

Appleton’s list of musicians, 30.

Appleton’s list of philanthropists, 30.

Appleton’s list of physicians, 27.

Appleton’s list of pioneers, 30.

Appleton’s list of Protestant clergy, 26.

Appleton’s list of soldiers, 23, 24.

Appleton’s list of statesmen, 22, 23.

Appleton’s list of those distinguished as educators, 29.

Appleton’s list of those distinguished for art, 28, 29.

Appleton’s list of those distinguished in literature, 27, 28.

Appleton’s list of those distinguished in science, 29.

A Providence, R. I. settler, 33.

Archbishop Corrigan’s Catholic Cemeteries, 78.

Archbishops Neale and Kenrick, 73.

Ardea, Co. Kerry, Ireland, 92.

Arthur, Chester A., “credited to the Irish race,” 20.

Arthur, William H., president, 111.

Artillery districts of Boston and Portland, 111.

Art-men distinguished, list of, 28, 29.

“A scene of unparalleled waste and ruin,” 1651, 32.

A soldier of the Revolution, 96.

Astor Library has Hakluyt’s famous work, 45.

“Athwart the buttocks with my petronell,” 46.

Bacon, Rt. Rev. David, D. D., bishop of Portland, 121.

Baden-Baden, Germany, 117.

Baker, Magistrate, 108.

Baker, William F., president of civil service board, 108.

Ballyhorick, County Cork, Ireland, 88.

Baltimore and Maryland prominent during the Revolution, 71.

Baltimore Gas Light Company, 72.

Baltimore, Irish Influence in Life of, paper, 69.

Baltimore, Md., 103, 108.

Baltimore’s reputation for business honesty laid by, 70.

Bannin, Michael E., New York, Indian commissioner, 110.

Baptist Chapel, First, Baltimore, 73.

Bar Association, Fitchburg, Mass., 107.

Baratarian men, 98.

Barbadoes Island, to which Cromwell exported Irish, 52, 53, 54, 56.

Barber, Col. Francis, a soldier of the Revolution, paper by James L. O’Neill, 41.

Barber, Col. Francis, killed, 1783, 43.

Barber, Francis, commissioned by Congress major of Third N. J. Battalion, 42.

Barber, Patrick, children of, 42.

Barber, Patrick, of County Longford, Ireland, 41.

Bard Bros, of Philadelphia, 121.

Barrett, Robert, in expedition to Mexico, 47.

Batchelder, Clark A., candidate, 107.

Battle of Chippewa, 96.

Battle of Fontenoy, 112.

Battle of Lexington, 94.

Battle of New Orleans, 97.

Battle of New Orleans, detailed description of, 97, 98, 99, 100.

Battle of New Orleans, forces engaged, 98.

Battle of North Point, 74.

Battle of the Boyne, 93.

Battle of the Plains of Abraham, 86.

Belcher, Jonathan, 1720, 101.

Bellows Falls, Vt., 110.

“Benburb Place,” 124.

Berrian, Andrew, pen manufacturer, 121.

Berry, John, apprenticed to Edward Keyly, 90.

Bingham, Major, of Manila, 111.

Blake, Col. John V. F., dies in New York City, 103, 104.

Blodgett, Judge, chairman, R. I. commission, 108.

Bodfish, Rev. Joshua P. L., rector, Canton, Mass., 103.

Boer War, British army in, 103.

Boies, Capt. James, promoter of papermaking, 86.

Bon Homme Richard, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67.

Book “suitable for a projected school in Virginia,” by John Brinley, 58.

Boston artillery district, 111.

Boston Associated Board of Trade, 119.

Boston Chamber of Commerce, 119.

Boston city charter, new, 120.

Boston evacuated by British, 86.

Boston Evening Transcript, 96.

“Boston Massacre,” 93.

Boston, no Irish among early settlers of, 82.

Boston’s first naval officer, 101.

Boston’s first store on Washington St., opposite the Old State House, 84.

Boston’s great fire, 1760, 90.

Boston’s oldest attorney, Charles A. Welch, 85.

Boston’s Old Granary Burying Ground, 101.

Boston the stronghold of the Catholic and Kelt, 83.

Bourke, First Lieut., assistant surgeon, 111.

Breen, Henry J., 108.

Breen, Magistrate Matthew P., 108.

Brigade under Gen. Clinton join the forces under Gen. Sullivan, 39.

Brinsley, John, an English Puritan minister, 58.

British army in the Boer War, 103.

British defeated in battle of New Orleans, 99, 100.

British evacuated Boston, 86.

British formed along great drainage canal, 98.

British government, 106, 107.

British prisoners, memorial of, sent to the American commissioners, 65.

British schooner, Margaretta, 116.

British ship Losely, escaped prisoner from, 65.

British strength about the same as Gen. Jackson’s, 98.

British strength in battle of New Orleans, 98.

Brooklyn Navy Yard, 104.

Brown, Philip, appointed to command the prize Mellish, 63.

Bruges, in Flanders, 36.

Buffalo, N. Y., 104, 119.

Buffalo Sunday News, and Nathaniel Shannon, 101.

Bunker Hill Battle, 35.

Burial place of Maj. Gen. John Sullivan, movement to restore, 115.

Burton, Lieutenant, diary of, published, 94.

Business men, list of, 29, 30.

Butler, Captain of Raleigh’s largest ship, 47.

Byrne, Thomas J., 108.

Calhoun, first mayor of Baltimore, an Irish-American, 74.

Calhoun, John C., “credited to the Irish race,” 20.

Calvary Cemetery, New York City, 80.

Cambridge (Mass.) Historical Society, 68, 75.

Cambridge, Old, population practically all of New England origin, 75.

Canadian frontier, so-called campaign on, 97.

Canton, Mass., 103.

Cape Cod, Mass., 106, 114.

Captain Dominique You, a Baratarian, 98.

Captain Stewart’s Irish brigade, 95.

Captain Weaver’s artillery, detachment of, 95.

Carberry, Brigid, widow of N. K. Connolly, 124.

Carberry, Margaret, 124.

Carberry, William, of Carrick-on-Suir, Ireland, 124.

Carbray, Felix, children of, 124.

Carbray, Felix, consul of Portugal, Port of Quebec, 124.

Carbray, Felix, dean of Consular Corps, 125.

Carbray, Hon. Felix, died, Quebec, 116.

Carbray, Hon. Felix, M. R. I. A., obituary of, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125.

Carbray, Niall, of Carrickcastle, 122.

Carbray, Son & Co., Quebec, 123.

Carey, James, town clerk of Charlestown, 90.

Carmody, Gunner J. F., assigned to the Tacoma, 107.

Carney Hospital, Boston, 108.

Carney, Michael, co-partner, papermaking, Dorchester, 87.

Carolinas and Virginia, a most diversified field for historical inquiry, 45.

Carrell and Glaven, “two hardy Irishmen,” 48.

Carrickcastle, near Dungannon, 122.

Carrick-on-Suir, Ireland.

Carroll, Charles, of Carrollton, 71, 72.

Carroll, Charles, of Carrollton, credited to the Irish of pre-Constitution days, 19.

Carroll, John, first archbishop, and Irish-American, 73.

Carroll, Michael, his home destroyed, 90.

Casey, John, of Muddy River, 88.

Cassady, Michael, a patriot of Valley Forge, 94.

Castle Garden, 120.

Cathedral, Portland, Me., 121.

“Catholic Address” to George Washington, 37.

Catholic Burial Ground, letter regarding, 76, 77.

Catholic cemeteries of New York, 78.

Catholic churches, query as to rights of trustees, 76.

Catholic clergy, list of, 24, 25, 26.

Catholic Club, 120.

Catholic priests, hundreds of, educated at St. Mary’s Seminary, 73.

Celtic Irish origin, those of, not included, 22.

Cemetery at Newtown Creek, 80.

Chamillard, Capt. Paul de, 67.

Chancellor Kent, trial before, 37.

Chanler, Gov., 108.

Charitable Irish Society, 88, 93.

Charitable Irish Society oldest Irish Society in America, 94.

Charlestown and Malden, corn mills in, 84.

Chattanooga, U. S. cruiser, 113.

Chidwick, Rev. Father, 108.

Chowan County, near Edenton, N. C., 47.

City of the Calverts, 75.

Clancy, Boatswain J., detached from the Franklin and ordered to the Wasp, 103.

“Classifies race by the paternal side alone,” 18.

Clinton, Gen. James, went up the Mohawk with brigade, 39.

Clinton, Gov. Dewitt, portrait of, 109.

Clinton, Gov. George, portrait of, 109.

Clogher, County Tyrone, 122.

Clonard, Le Chevr. de, 64.

Coast Artillery, 112.

Cochran, James, Irish boy captured by the Indians, 91.

Coffee, in battle of New Orleans, 99.

Cogan, John, one of the founders of Boston, 84.

Cogan, John, “The Father of Boston Merchants,” 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 88.

Cohalan, Senator John P., 108.

Cohasset, Mass., 112.

College libraries receiving Volume VI, 164.

College of Virginia, founded by King James, 1622, 57.

Collins, Capt. Palfrey, came into port, 1768, 89.

Collins, Christopher, a shoemaker in Dedham, 89.

Collins, Clement, lodged his arms with selectmen, 89.

Collins, Edward, resident of Cambridge, 89.

Collins, Henry, made freeman, 1636–’37, 89.

Collins, John, a “freeman” in 1646, 89.

Collins, Joseph, nominated a watchman, 89.

Collins, Mathew, in Capt. Allen’s Co., 1698, 89.

Collins, Mayor, 120.

Collins, Thomas, a farmer, 89.

Collins, William, in Boston, 1636, 89.

Colonial Boston, the Kelts of, paper, 80.

Colonists landed in North Carolina, names of, 50.

Colonists massacred by Indians, 1622, 57.

Columbia Oil Company, 120.

Columbus barracks, 106.

Columbus, O., 106.

Colvin Institute, founded by daughter of Patrick Colvin, 74.

Colvin, Patrick, member of old Light Street Church, 74.

Comba, Brig.-Gen. Richard, U. S. A., died, 104, 105.

Commissioners for Ireland, 32.

Commodore Rodgers extended hospitality to 79 Irish passengers, 39.

Conaty, Rt. Rev. Thomas J., D. D., bishop, 122.

Concerning “An Irish Man-of-War,” 95.

Concerning the Irish Montgomerys, article, 43.

Connecticut, battleship, 113, 114.

Connolly, Catherine, of Clogher, Ireland, 122.

Connolly, Nicholas K., 124.

Conolly, William, a Boston Kelt, 94.

Connor, Patrick, co-partner, papermaking, Dorchester, 87.

Constitution, American frigate, 85.

Continental Congress, 86, 91, 92, 93.

Conyngham & Nesbitt, Philadelphia merchants, 64.

Copenhagen, T. J. O’Brien, minister to, 110.

Copland, Rev. Patrick, a famous clergyman of London, preaches in Bowe Street Church, 57.

Copland, Rev. Patrick, first president of the College of Virginia, 57.

Copley, John Singleton, son of Irish parents, 92, 93, 94.

Cork and Halifax, 89.

Corlet, Elijah, master of Cambridge Grammar School, 68.

“Cornelius the Irishman,” 48.

Cornwallis, surrender of, 71.

Cottineau, Capt. Denis Nicolas, gave account, 61.

Cottineau, Denis Nicolas, Captain of Pallas, 67.

County Clare, Ireland, 92.

County Galway, Ireland, 96.

County Tyrone, Ireland, 122.

Court of Assistants, Cogan juror of, 84.

Craddock, Matthew, of London, 89.

Cranston, R. I., 117.

Crehore, Benjamin, maker of the first piano-forte in America, 85.

Crehore, Teague, stolen from his parents in Ireland, 85.

Crehore, Thomas, a chair maker, 85, 86.

Crehore, Thomas, maker of the first playing cards in America, 85.

Creoles, 98.

Crimmins, Hon. John D., of N. Y. City, speaks of John M. O’Conor, 96.

Crimmins, Hon. John D., sold collection, 105.

Crimmins, Thomas E., 108.

Croghan, Chief Boatswain J. S., to command Wasp, 103.

Cromwellian adventurers in Ireland attracted and become efficient aids in the barbarous work of the English commissioners, 55.

Cromwellian Settlement of Ireland, 32.

Cromwell’s government, many Irish people sent to New England under, 83.

Cromwell, wholesale exportation of the Irish by, 52.

Cronan, Lieut. William Pigott, 113, 114.

Cronan, Patrick J., 114.

Cronin, Cornelius, Gunner, U. S. Navy, 103.

Cullen alludes to Irish spinners and weavers, 88.

Cullen, Bernard, author of “The Story of the Irish in Boston,” 90.

Cullen’s Story of the Irish in Boston, 80.

Culpepper, John, succeeds O’Sullivan as surveyor-general, 1671, 51.

Cunneen, Hon. John, died at Buffalo, N. Y., 104.

Cyclopedia of Canadian Biography, 123.

Danish West Indies, 48.

Danvers, Mass., 113.

Dawson building, 118.

Declaration of Independence, 93.

Declaration of Independence, John Hancock first signer, 91.

“Dementia Americana,” 69.

Democratic party, 120.

“Derman Mahoone fined 20 shillings for intertaining two Irishmen,” 90.

Desmonds, immense estates of in Munster, 49.

“Determining the relative values of great men,” 19.

“Dingen a Cos,” whole company brought ashore at, 48, 49.

Dingle, a well-merited tribute, inhabitants of, 48, 49.

Diocese of Raphoe, 44.

Dismal Swamp, 106.

Distinguished descendants of the original Irish settlers, 19.

Doherty estate, New York City, sale of, 104.

Dominick Lynch and his family, paper, 36.

Dongan charter, 109.

Donovan, First Lieut. John G., Coast Artillery, 112.

Dorchester Heights, fortifying, 86.

Dorchester, Mass., early papermaking at, 87.

Dougherty, Lieut. Charles, children of, 96.

Dougherty, Lieut. Charles, removed from Brookfield to Framingham, 96.

Dover, N. H., stronghold of Shannons, 101.

Downpatrick, Co. Down, Ireland, 91.

Duffy, Col. Edward, 108.

Dugan, Maj. Thomas B., 12th U. S. Cavalry, 110.

Duncan, Abner, on Gen. Jackson’s staff, 99.

Dungannon, Co. Tyrone, Ireland, 93.

Durham, N. H., 115.

Dwyer, Capt. Charles G., paymaster, 110.

Earl of Mount Alexander could ride at the head of a regiment all Montgomerys, 44.

Educators, list of, 29.

Eleventh St. burial ground, number of interments, 77.

Eleventh St. graveyard epitaphs, 79, 80.

Elizabethtown’s first settlers, 42.

Ellison, J. Taylor, lieut.-gov. of Va., 109.

Emmet, Thomas Addis, credited to the “immigrant class,” 19.

Engineer Corps, West Point, 109.

Engineers, list of, 30.

England’s choicest troops killed and wounded, 97.

England’s hypocritical methods, aware of, 71.

England’s unjust tariff laws, driven from Ireland by, 70.

English adventurers in Ireland engaged in man-hunting, 56.

English and Puritan colony has become a great city, 83.

Englishmen left in Virginia, employments of, 45.

English soldiers, prosecution of, 93.

Episcopal Church, first in New England, founded, 89.

Epitaphs in Eleventh St. graveyard, 79, 80.

Estaign, Comte de, 62.

Fall River, Mass., 104.

Fall River Roman Catholic diocese, 117.

Fairbanks, Vice-Pres., addresses Irish Club, 105.

Fairchild, Leroy W., 121.

Fairservice, Andrew, 75.

Faneuil Hall, Boston, 94.

Farley, Archbishop, 124.

Favorite retaken and carried to the Bermudas, 64.

Fernando, Simon, with Raleigh in first expedition, 48.

Fifteenth U. S. Cavalry, 107.

Fifth Avenue Cathedral, crypt of, holds remains of bishops, 78.

Fifth Infantry in the Philippines, 105.

“First-comers” meet Indians on Chowan River, 46.

First Infantry, 106.

First paper manufactured in America at Dorchester, 86.

Fisher-folk of the Kerry coast, 49.

Fitchburg, Mass., 107.

Fitz-Maurice, Chevalier de, Letters to Capt. Paul Jones, 59, 60.

Fitzpatrick, Brian, deserts to the Spaniards, 52.

Fitzpatrick, Thomas B., presided, 104.

Floating 220 boats on the Susquehanna, 39.

Flynn, from County Galway, Ireland, 96.

Foley, Capt. D. P., of revenue cutter service, 103.

Fond du Lac, Episcopalian Bishop of, 85.

Fontenoy, 112.

Fort Adams, R. I., 111.

Fort Carroll, 74.

Fort Cumberland, 89.

Fort Delaware, 108.

Fort Hill, 84, 90.

Fort Leavenworth, Kan., 106.

Fort McHenry, Baltimore, Md., 74, 108.

Fort of Red Men, 88.

Fort Stanwix on the Mohawk River, 37.

Fort William and Mary, affair at, paper by Rev. Thomas Gregory, 35.

Fort William and Mary taken, 1774, 35.

Fourteenth Infantry, 111.

Fourth Voyage made to Virginia, 48.

Foy, Julius L., a St. Louis member, dies, 103.

Franklin and Wasp, 103.

Franklin, Benjamin, 67.

Franklin, Benjamin, consents to commission of brevet lieutenant, 62.

Friendly Sons of St. Patrick, 36, 120.

Fulton, Robert, has no recognition in “double star” table, 19.

Fulton, Robert, son of a Kilkenny man, 20.

Gallagher, Bernard, Master, Letter to Capt. John Paul Jones, 63.

Gallagher, Bernard, Midshipman, Letter to Capt. John Paul Jones, 63.

Gallager, Thomas F., judge police court, 107.

Gardner, Capt. Robert, a wealthy citizen, 94.

Garrett, John, in expedition to Mexico, 47.

Gates, General, takes Capt. William Kilton prisoner, 63.

Gen. Brown’s staff, O’Conor on, 96.

General Keene killed in battle of New Orleans, 100.

General Wolfe, 86.

Gen. Sullivan’s house open for inspection, 115.

Georgia, battleship, 113, 114.

Gettysburg, 104.

Gibbons, Cardinal, 73.

Glaven and Carrell, “two hardy Irishmen,” 48.

Glendy, Rev. John, first pastor of Second Presbyterian Church, 73.

Glen’s Falls, N. Y., 112.

Gookin, Daniel, an Irish Quaker, engaged in transporting cattle from Ireland to Virginia, 56.

Gookin, Daniel, Jr., became superintendent of Indian Affairs, 57.

Gookin, Daniel, received grant of 2,500 acres in Upper Norfolk, 1637, 57.

Gookin, Daniel, “received patents for 300 people,” 56.

Gookin’s Irish settlement, 57.

Governor Bellingham, 88.

Governor Dudley, 89.

Governor Endicott marries John and Lysbell Morrell, 1659, both Irish, 90.

Governor Hancock, 86.

Governor Hutchinson, 86.

Governor’s Island, 106.

Grafton, Right Reverend Charles C., 85.

Greaton, Gen. John, 94.

Greaton, Mr., keeper of Greyhound Tavern, 94.

Great Swamp in Rhode Island, 88.

Greenhalge, Governor, 119.

Greenville, Sir Richard, and second voyage, 1585, 45.

Greenville’s list of “first-comers,” 46.

Gregory, Rev. Thomas, paper by, 35.

Grey Abbey stock of the early Ulster settlement, 44.

Greyhound Tavern, Roxbury, 94.

Griffin, Martin I. J., paper by, 40.

Griffis, Rev. William E., D. D., oration by, 115.

Guild, Gov. Curtis, Jr., 107.

Guillouet, Gen. Louis, Comte d’Orvilliers, “on the road,” 66.

Gulliver, Anthony, a Milton resident in colonial days, 94.

Gulliver, Capt. Lemuel, once lived at Algerine Corner, 95.

Gulliver’s Travels, published, 1726, 95.

Guy de Vernon’s Science of War and Fortifications, translated by O’Conor, 96.

Haggerty, Ogden, of New York, 104.

Hakluyt, Richard, on Raleigh’s first voyage of discovery, 1584, 45.

Hakluyt’s Voyages, Navigations, etc., 45.

Haley, James S., re-elected mayor, 105.

Halifax and Cork, 89.

Hall, William, constable, 1730, 94.

Hamilton, Alexander, 42.

Hancock, Anthony, 92.

Hancock, John, emigrant from Down Co., Ireland, 91.

Hancock, John, had Irish blood in veins, 91.

Hancock, John, of Lurgan, and family of president, 91.

Hancock, Neilson, founder of Irish Statistical Society, 92.

Hancock, Thomas, one of the starters of the paper industry, 86.

Harney, Gen. William Selby, field officer, 100.

Harris, Charles N., appointed magistrate, 105.

Harrison, Rev. Mr., unable to return to Ireland, 33.

Harvard College, 90.

Harvard College received gift of 70 acres from John Cogan, 85.

Hatteras Indians at Croatoan, 50.

Havana, 112.

Hawk, a historian of North Carolina, 50.

Hawkins, Sir John, in expedition to Mexico, 47.

Hayes, Capt. Edward, in expedition to Newfoundland, 1583, 47.

Healy, Bishop, 122.

Healey, Rev. John, first Baptist minister in Baltimore, 73.

Healey, William, in real estate transactions, 89, 90.

Heath’s regiment, 94.

Heitman’s Officers of the American Revolution, 101.

Hendricken, Bishop, 117.

Hennessey, Lieut. Peter J., 5th U. S. Cavalry, 111.

Heroes of Montgomery’s Army, 44.

Hewatt’s Historical Account of the Rise and Progress of the Colonies of South Carolina and Georgia, 50.

Hibbens, Mrs., hung for witchcraft, 88.

Hibbens, William, an early citizen of Boston, 88.

Higgins, Governor, of R. I., 108, 115.

Higgins, James H., inaugurated governor of R. I., 103, 115.

Histories of Boston ignore the story of John Cogan, 81.

Hoban, James, “architect and builder of the president’s palace,” Washington, 40.

Holy Cross College, 121.

Holy Family School, 118.

Holy Name Society, 118.

Hongkong, 119.

Hotel Brunswick, Boston, annual meeting at, 104.

Hotten, John Camden, in his famous work gives list of those leaving Barbadoes, 52.

Howes, Osborne, died, Brookline, Mass., 106.

Howes, Osborne, Japanese consul, Boston, 120.

Howes, Osborne, obituary of, 118, 119, 120.

Humphreys, Col., “at the foot hereof,” 62.

“Immortalized in becoming wood-cuts,” 20.

Incident of an expedition under Gen. John Sullivan, article, by G. F. Radway, 39.

Indianapolis, Ind., 163.

Indians and Spaniards capture Miles Philips’ whole company, 47.

Indians, at summer overflow of river, fled in terror, 39.

Indian chiefs framed bill of expense to England, 109.

Indians of North Carolina, first to set eyes on the white men who came to America, 45.

Inniskillen Foot, Twenty-seventh, 97.

Inventors, list of, 30.

Ireland, 108, 120, 125.

Ireland, County Galway, 96.

Ireland, County Limerick, 105, 112.

Ireland, County Tyrone, 122.

“Ireland has always been a hive from which America has derived sturdy hewers of wood to subdue the forests,” 57.

Irish Ability in the United States, paper by James Jeffry Roche, LL. D., 17.

Irish ability, Lodge’s tabulated misrepresentation of, 21.

Irish ability, true figures of, 32.

Irish account, stellar classification of, on the wrong side, 20.

Irish allowed nine statesmen in first list, 22.

“Irish” allowed only one double star, 20.

Irish-Americans, 71.

Irish blood, a great infusion of, received in Virginia and the Carolinas, 1678, 54.

Irish blood, men of, not prominent, 83.

Irish brigade, battle of Fontenoy, 112.

Irish builders of the White House, paper by Martin I. J. Griffin, 40.

Irish business men long influenced the financial interests of Baltimore, 72.

Irish castaways among the Indians of the Danish West Indians, 48.

Irish Catholic charity, 124.

Irish “convicts” under the vassalage of colonial masters suffered great privations, 55.

Irish families invariably large, 54.

Irish Fellowship Club, Chicago, 105.

Irish gloriously prominent, 31.

Irish in Boston, the story of, 80.

Irish Influence in the Life of Baltimore, paper, by D. J. Scully, 69.

Irish in the forefront in Catholic affairs in Baltimore, 73.

Irish laid no claim to be Anglo-Saxons, 69.

Irishman’s readiness to assimilate with other nationalities, 75.

Irishmen among first settlers of the western world, 49.

Irishmen in the Massachusetts colony, 93.

Irish merchants, names of, who contributed to buy cloth and make uniforms, 71.

Irish merchants who came to Baltimore, 70.

Irish Montgomerys, concerning the, 43.

Irish names among lists of Englishmen, 46.

Irish names appear among earliest records of Boston, 82.

Irish names of priests and bishops in Baltimore given, 73.

Irish National Association, 124.

Irish of New England encouraged to return to Ireland, 33.

Irish political refugees sometimes classed as “convicts,” 55.

Irish Presbyterian Church in Boston, 91, 93, 94.

Irish Presbyterians of Boston, manufacturers, 87.

Irish Protestants, 88.

Irish race misrepresented by writers, 17.

Irish rebellion, 44.

Irish regiment of Marine Artillery, Walsh’s, 59.

“Irish Romanists” in North Carolina, 50.

Irish sailors manned Raleigh’s ships, 49.

Irish Scots and Scotch-Irish, 87.

Irish seamen manned ships, “not a few” sailing from English ports, 46.

Irish settlers, distinguished descendants from, 19.

Irish spinners and weavers, 88.

Irish Statistical Society, 92.

Iron Duke, brother-in-law of Gen. Pakeman, 97.

Isthmian canal, 119.

Ithaca, N. Y., 115.

Jackson, Andrew, has no recognition in “double star” table, 19.

Jackson, Andrew, son of Andrew of Carrickfergus, 20.

Jackson, Daniel, children of, 35.

Jackson, Daniel, query respecting, 34.

Jackson, General, 100.

Jackson, General, of Irish parentage, 97.

Jackson, Stephen, a Providence, R. I. settler, 33.

Jackson, Stephen, genealogy of family, 34.

Jack’s Reef, Onondaga Co., N. Y., 96. U. S. treasury, money deposited by will in, 96.

Jamestown Exposition, 106, 108, 109.

Japan, T. J. O’Brien, ambassador to, 110.

Jay, Gov. John, portrait of, 109.

Johnson, Pres. Andrew, 105.

Jones, Capt. John Paul, certificate to Lieut. Edward Stack, 62.

Jones, Capt. John Paul, letter to Capt. John Plaince, 65.

Jones, Capt. John Paul, letter to “The Revd. Father John” Mehegan, 65, 66.

Jones, Capt. John Paul, letter to “The Revd. John Mayhagan,” 65.

Jones, Capt. John Paul, officers of auxiliary vessels under command of, 67.

Jones, Capt. John Paul, orders to Lieut. Peter Amiel, 66.

Journal of the Society, presentation of Vol. VI, 163.

Kallahan, Capt. Charles, commands ship, True Friendship, sailing from Barbadoes, 54.

Kansas City, Mo., 110.

Keating’s Irish grenadiers, 95.

Keenan, Hon. Patrick, N. Y. City chamberlain, died, 108, 109.

Keleher, Maj. Timothy D., granted leave of absence, 110.

Kelly, Edward A., died Cohasset, Mass., 112.

Kelly, Michael, of New Hampton, N. H., 105.

Kelts, names of in Colonial Boston, 82.

Kennedy, John Pendleton, an Irish-American, 74.

Kenrick, illustrious Archbishop, 73.

Kentucky and Tennessee riflemen, 1500 of, 97, 98.

Kenmare, Ireland, 120.

Keyly, Edward, 90.

Killeran, Captain, his home destroyed, 90.

Kilton, Capt. William, taken prisoner by Gen. Gates, 63.

King Frederick gave dinner, 110.

King Philip’s War, 88.

Kirle, Richard, “an Irish gentleman,” becomes governor, 1680, 52.

Knox, Maj. Gen. Henry, a dashing soldier of the Revolution, 94.

Lacey, Col. F. E., family of, 106.

Lacey, Col. Francis E., died, N. Y. City, 105.

Lafayette gives Barber a sword, 42.

Lafayette helped by Purviance to clothe his half-starved and half-clothed army, 71.

Lafayette, Marquis de, 62.

Lane, Master Ralph, having charge of employments of the Englishmen in Virginia, 45.

Langenbruchen, Baden-Baden, 117.

Lawson, a historian of North Carolina, 50.

Lawyers, distinguished, list of, 26, 27.

Leading events in career of the Society, 1907, 103.

Leary, Gen. Peter, Jr., wrote U. S. war department, 108.

Lechford’s notebook, 84.

Lenihan, Capt. Michael J., of general staff, 111.

Letter of a Catholic resident of N. Y. City, 76.

Letters to John Paul Jones, extracts from, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 67.

Lewiston, Me., 115.

Lexington, Eleanor, writes in the Buffalo Sunday News of Nathaniel Shannon, 101.

Light Street Church, now Mount Vernon, Baltimore, 74.

Limerick County, Ireland, 104, 106.

Linehan, Col. John C., author of “The Irish Scots and the Scotch-Irish,” 87, 90.

Linsmore castle, built by Raleigh, 49.

List of those continuing Stevenson’s work, 70.

List of those leaving Island of Barbadoes for Virginia and the Carolinas, 53, 54.

Literary men, list of, 27, 28.

Lodge, Henry Cabot, and Century Magazine, 17.

Lodge must plead guilty to one of two charges, 32.

Lodge’s tables, 31, 32.

London, L. W., statement of Montgomery ancestry, 43.

Long wharf, the oldest in Boston, built by Cogan, 84.

Looking back at Old Cambridge, Mass., 75.

Lords Proprietors had agents employed in seeking emigrants in Ireland, etc., 50.

Los Angeles, Cal., 122.

Louvain, Belgium, 117.

Luzon, Northern, Philippines, 105.

Lynch and Stoughton, articles of co-partnership, 36.

Lynch, Dominick, children of, 38.

Lynch, Dominick 3d, a naval officer, 38.

Lynch, Dominick, 4th Lieut, in U. S. Cavalry, 38.

Lynn, Mass., 108.

Macarthy, Eugene, Captain, certificate regarding “Commodore” Paul Jones, 62.

Macarthy, Eugene, letter to John Paul Jones, 60.

Macarthy, Eugene, Lieut., 60.

Macarthy, Eugene, recommended for lieutenant, 59.

MacNamarra, Chevalier de, Lieutenant, letter to Capt. John Paul Jones, 64.

Maghera, Ireland, 91.

Mahoney, Lieut.-Col., assigned to the Philippine Islands, 104.

Malden and Charlestown, corn mills in, 84.

Maloney, Judge Thomas, died, Ogden, Utah, 105.

Manchester, N. H., 121.

Manila, Philippines, 111.

Manley, John and others, Captains, “Uniform dress for the navy agreed to,” 64.

Manoville, Le Chevalier de, letter to Capt. John Paul Jones, 67.

Manuscripts of John Paul Jones, a calendar of, 59.

Marcella Street Home, 89.

Margaretta, British schooner, 116.

“Margaret Noriss, an Irishwoman, is admitted to the town,” 90.

Martin, John, a ship carpenter, 90.

Massachusetts Bay commonwealth, 94.

Massachusetts colonial records, 88.

Massachusetts State Archives, 101.

Mather, Cotton, in a sermon in 1700, 88.

Mather, Increase, father-in-law of Nehemiah Walter, 68.

Maxwell, Sarah, wife of Robert Montgomery, 43.

McCarthy, Capt. William, ship-owner, 89.

McCarthy, Florence, dealer in provisions, 89.

McCarthy, Justice John Henry, 108.

McCarthy, Maj. Daniel F., quartermaster, 111.

McCarthy, Patrick J., inaugurated mayor of Providence, R. I., 103, 115.

McCarthy, Thaddeus, of colonial Boston, 89.

McCarthy, Thomas, chosen constable, 89.

McClellan, Mayor, appoints magistrate, 105, 106, 108, 109.

McClosky, Cardinal, parents of buried in St. Patrick’s Cemetery, 78.

McClure, David, N. Y. City, died, 112.

McDonald, Gen. William, first to run packets on Chesapeake Bay, 72.

McDonnell, Peter, died on White Star steamer, Oceanic, 112.

McDonnell, Peter, obituary of, 120.

McDonough, Capt. Michael J., relieved, 109.

McDonough, Capt. Michael J., U. S.

Military Academy, 111.

McGee, James, commander of vessel, 94.

McGillicuddys, reunion of, 112.

McGowan, Admiral, president-general of Society, 109.

McGowan, Borough Pres. Patrick F., 108.

McGowan, President, 106, 107.

McHenry, James, first secretary of the navy from Maryland an Irishman, 74.

McKim, Isaac, founded first free school in Baltimore, 72.

McLean, Hugh, promoter of papermaking, 86, 87.

McLean, John, a slater, 94.

McMahon, Capt. John, monument to erected by the Montgomery Guards, 79.

McMahon, Mayor James H., presided, 107.

McPartland, Stephen, bought Doherty estate, 104.

Meehan, Thomas F., paper by from Truth Teller, 76.

Mehegan, John, clergyman, letter to Capt. John Paul Jones, 64.

Mehegan, John, ordered to obtain two hogsheads of porter, 65.

Membership Roll, 126–160.

Mexico, early expedition to, 47.

Meylan, James, is to be sent proportions of 8 and 18 pounders, 66.

Miller, Ann, wife of Samuel Shannon, 101.

Milton Lower Mills, house and factory of Thomas Crehore at, 86.

Minnesota, steamer from Seattle, 112, 113.

Minute men, first company in America, 94.

Montgomery, Alexander, member of Irish Parliament, 43.

Montgomery, Allerian, 44.

Montgomery, Gen. Richard, ancestry and family of, 43.

Montgomery Guards erect monument, 79.

Montgomery’s army, Heroes of, 44.

Montgomerys of Ballyleek, 44.

Montgomerys of Grey Abbey, County Down, 44.

Montgomerys, six in the Irish Parliament, “all over six feet in height and the handsomest men in Dublin,” 44.

Montgomery, Thomas, family connections of, 43.

Montpelier, Vt., mayor re-elected, 105.

Montreal, Canada, 121, 122.

Moore, John and Joseph, 88.

Moore, John, servant of the governor, 90.

Morehead, Rev. John, pastor of Irish Presbyterian Church, 94.

Moroney, William, perished in great storm, 94.

Morrison, Hon. A. L., paper by, 97.

Morton, Alexander, 121.

Moseley, Edward A., 106.

Mount Vernon Place Church, Baltimore, 74.

Moylan, James, merchant, letter to John Paul Jones, 61, 64.

Mulcahy, Mrs. M. A., letter of, 96.

Munster, estates of the Desmonds in, 49.

Munstermen largely composing second colony, 57.

Murphy, Col. Paul St. C., assumed command of Marine Corps, Brooklyn Navy Yard, 104.

Murphy, First Lieut. John C., 4th U. S. Infantry, retired, 110.

Murray, Thomas Hamilton, secretary of American-Irish Historical Society, 88.

Murray, Thomas H., papers by, 59.

Museum of Fine Arts, 92.

Musicians, list of, 30.

Musketo’s Bay, St. John’s Island, 48.

Names of Kelts in colonial Boston, 82.

Names of natives of Ireland in Greenville’s lists, 46.

Names of persons leaving the Island of Barbadoes for the American colonies, 53, 54.

Names of prominent New York families buried in St. Patrick’s Cemetery, 78.

Names of some pastors and their assistants buried in St. Patrick’s Cemetery, 78.

Napoleon won Waterloo, 100.

Napoleon’s marshals in the Spanish Campaign, 99.

Narragansett Hotel, Providence, R. I., 116.

National Cemetery, Fort Leavenworth, 106.

National House of Representatives, 116.

Natives of Ireland in Greenville’s lists of “first-comers,” 46.

Nautical Training School, 119.

Naval men, list of, 29.

Neale, Archbishop, 73.

Necrology, 1907, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125.

Neill’s History of the English Colonization of America, 57.

Nesbitt, Jonathan, banker, letter to John Paul Jones, 61.

New Bedford, Mass., 104, 118.

Newbury, Mass., 112.

Newce, Sir William, an English officer, offered the governor “to transport two thousand persons to Virginia,” 56.

New England families arrive at Limerick, 1656, 33.

New Hampshire State College, 115.

New Hampton, N. H., 105.

New London, Ct., 111.

New Orleans, battle of, 97, 98, 99, 100.

Newry, Hancocks long engaged in trade of, 91.

N. Y. Catholic News, extract from, 76.

New York City, 107, 108, 109, 111, 119, 121, 125.

New York History, A Bit of, 76.

New York Mortgage and Securities Company, 120.

New York navy yard, 113.

New York Times, 119.

New York Tribune, 119.

No Irish among the settlers of Boston in 1630, 82.

Nolan, Capt. Dennis F., 30th U. S. Infantry, 115.

North Carolina and early inhabitants, 50.

Norton, Prof. Charles Eliot, extract from address by, 75.

Nugent, Edward, “the bold Irishman,” 47.

O’Brien, Jeremiah, erection of monument to, 116.

O’Brien, Michael J., paper by, 45.

O’Brien, Thomas J., U. S. minister to Copenhagen, 109, 110, 113.

O’Callaghan, Rev. Eugene M., vicar general, 121.

Oceanic, White Star steamer, 120.

O’Connell, Archbishop, 103.

O’Connell, Maurice, Captain, letter to Capt. John Paul Jones, 67.

O’Connor, Lieut. M., assigned 15th U. S. Cavalry, 107.

O’Connor, 2d Lieut. James, assigned to Havana, 112.

O’Conor, Lieut. John Michael, U. S. A., 96.

O’Donnell, Gen. Columbus, 72.

O’Donnell, John, named Canton, 72.

Officers of auxiliary vessels, list of, 67.

O’Flaherty & McPartland, firm of, 104.

Ogden, Utah, 105.

O’Kelly, James Gerard, Lieutenant of Grenadiers, 61.

O’Kelly, James Gerard, resigned from Walsh’s regiment, 61.

O’Killia, David, Cape Cod, Mass., 106, 118.

Old Cambridge, Mass., Looking back to, 75.

Old Granary Burying Ground, Boston, 101.

Old South Church, Boston, Shannon member of, 101.

Oliver Hibernian Free School, 72.

Oliver, John, founded the Oliver Hibernian Free School, 72.

O’Loughlin, William J., 2d U. S. Infantry, 111.

O’Neill, Henry, of Dungannon, 93.

O’Neill, James L., paper by, 41.

O’Neill, Sir Neal, 93.

“One of my Irish boys” who shot Pemisapan, 46.

O’Reilly’s, John Boyle, visit to Dismal Swamp, 106.

“Original settlers all who came to this country before the date of the adoption of the Constitution, A. D., 1789,” 18.

O’Seanchain, first form of surname Shannon, 101, 102.

O’Sullivan arrested by the town marshal, 52.

O’Sullivan, Florence, “a true son of Ireland,” 51.

O’Sullivan, Florence, surveyor-general of the province, 51.

O’Sullivan had charge of “the great gun,” 51.

Otsego Lake, New York, 39.

Over 10,000 should be credited to the “English race,” 18.

Overton, Tom, on Gen. Jackson’s staff, 99.

Pacific Mail Steamship Company, 119.

Paine, Robert, 93.

Paine, Robert Treat, signer of Declaration of Independence, 93.

Pakenham, General, killed, 97, 98, 99, 100.

Pamlico Sound, entered by “first-comers,” 46.

Panama, 119.

Parson Adam’s pulpit, powder buried under, 36.

Patterson, Thomas, grandson of Allerian Montgomery, 44.

Patterson, William, gave Patterson Park to Baltimore, 71.

Pelham, Peter, engraver, painter, etc., 94.

Pemberton, Mr., a teacher, 1767, 42.

Pemisapan, king of the Indians, 46.

“Pemisapan’s head in his hands,” 47.

Philadelphia, Pa., 119, 121.

Philanthropists, list of, 30.

Philippines, 104, 105, 106, 111, 115.

Philip’s company haled before the governor, who “visited them with the terrors of the Inquisition,” 47.

Philip’s company sentenced, 47.

Philip’s men executed in City of Mexico, 47.

Philips, Miles, put ashore with 68 men a little north of Panuco, Golf of Mexico, 47.

Physicians, list of, 27.

Pioneer Irish in the South, paper, 45.

Pioneers, list of, 30.

Pioneers of the South not all of Anglo-Saxon origin, 55.

Plymouth Club, 118.

Polk, James K., descendant of Irish Polk or Pollock, 20.

Portland artillery district, 111.

Portland, Me., 121.

Portsmouth, N. H., 101.

Prendergast’s Cromwellian Settlement, 32.

Prendergast relates how agents throughout Ireland “were authorized by Parliament to seize women, orphans and the destitute to be transported to Barbadoes and the plantations of Virginia,” 55, 56.

Prerogative Court of Ireland, 43.

Presbyterian Church, First, Baltimore, 73.

Presbyterian Church, Second, Baltimore, 73.

President-Generals of the Society, 161.

Presidio, San Francisco, 104.

Prince of Ulster, Shane the Proud, 93.

Prize ships at Brest, 65.

Protestant clergy, list of, 26.

Protestant Kelts in Boston, 93.

Protestants leave Ulster for plantations in North America, 91.

Providence apostolate, 117.

Providence Cathedral, 117.

Providence, R. I., 115, 116, 117.

Province of Arba, Northern Luzon, 105.

Province of Quebec, 123.

Provincial authorities anxious to attract emigrants, 55.

Public libraries receiving Volume VI, 163, 164.

Purviance, Samuel, chief man of the town, 71.

Quebec, Canada, 122, 123, 124, 125.

Quebec, Canada, tablet in, to Gen. Montgomery’s soldiers, 44.

Quebec Harbor Commission, 125.

Queen of France, “She Is a Sweet Girl,” 65.

Quinn, Col. James B., U. S. Engineer Corps, retired, 110.

“Race distribution in the main correct,” 18.

Race extraction of 14,243 persons named as deserving mention, 18.

Radway, G. Frank, article by, 39.

Raleigh’s charter from the English crown, 49.

Raleigh, Sir Walter, 48, 49.

Raleigh, Sir Walter, the famous navigator, 45.

Reagan, John B. of Dorchester and Boston’s Keltic citizens, 83.

Reamie, Marcus, the hair-cutter, 75.

Records of the London Company, proprietors of Virginia, 56.

Red Men’s fort, 88.

Redpath Weekly, 123.

Reeves, Mr., a teacher, 1767, 42.

Reid’s History of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, 91.

Reformers who have become distinguished included, 22.

Regiment of Dillon fought at Savannah, 63.

Regiment of Walsh fought at Savannah, 63.

Representatives elected at Charlestown to make laws for the government of the colony, 52.

Revere, Paul, in Durham, 1774, 35.

Review of the Year, 1907, 103.

Revolutionary Rolls of New Hampshire, 94.

Revolution, prior to, most important men were Irish by birth, 69.

Rhode Island building, Jamestown Exposition, 108.

Rhode Island commission, 108.

Rhode Island, Great Swamp in, 88.

Rhode Island Historical Society, 33.

Rhode Island national guard, 111.

Roanoke Island, “first-comers” landed at, 46.

Robert Emmet Association, Columbus, O., 106.

Roberts, William Hugh, comment of Jackson’s letter, 100.

Robin, Abbe, chaplain of French fleet, 87, 88.

Rochambeau, Comte de, 62.

Roche, James Jeffrey, LL. D., paper by, 17.

Roche, James Jeffrey of Mass., U. S. consul, 108.

Rochester, Minn., 117.

Roosevelt, Pres. Theodore, 110, 120.

Roosevelt, Theodore, and many others, sent pictureless to posterity, 19.

Routh, Francis, son of Sir Randolph, partner of Felix Carbray, 122.

Routh, Sir Randolph, 122.

Roxbury, Mass., 89.

Royal Academy in London, 92.

Rule, the Scotch gardener, 75.

Russell, Governor, 119.

Ryan, First Lieut. John J., 12th U. S. Cavalry, 112.

Ryan, First Lieut. Thomas F., 11th U. S. Cavalry recruiting officer, 110.

Ryan, James W., chosen mayor of Vergennes, Vt., 105.

Saint Simon, Marquis de, 62.

San Francisco, 119.

San Francisco, Cal., 104, 111, 119.

Sarsfield, Count, letter to Capt. John Paul Jones, 67.

Scientific men, list of, 29.

“Scotch-Irish” omitted, 22.

Scully, D. J., paper by, 69.

Seattle, 112.

Second Battalion of Engineers, 112.

“Second Colony” transported, 48.

Second Infantry, Civil War, 105.

Second U. S. Infantry, 111.

Serapis and Bon Homme Richard, action between, 62, 63.

Serapis, 26 seamen escape from, 61.

Settlement, ruin of, threatened, 51.

Settlers murmur against Proprietors, 51.

Seventeenth Infantry, 106.

Shane the Proud, Prince of Ulster, 93.

Shannon, Ens. William, of Virginia, 101.

Shannon family, anent the, 101.

Shannon, Nathaniel, came to Boston, 1687, 101.

Shannon, Nathaniel, first naval officer of Boston, 101.

Shannon, Nathaniel, Jr., ship merchant of Portsmouth, 101.

Shannon, Robert, mayor of Derry, 101.

Shannon, Thomas, captain of N. H. militia, 101.

Shaw, Mrs. Robert Gould, widow of Col. Shaw, died, Boston, 104.

Shea, Denis, 121.

Shea, John B., obituary of, 120, 121.

Shepherd, Hon. William, ex-mayor, Lynn, Mass., died, 108.

Sheridan, Philip, a “man without a race,” 19.

Ship from Ireland cast away, article, 38.

Sir John Hawkins in expedition to Mexico, 47.

Sir Richard Greenville, voyage undertaken by, 45.

Sir Walter Raleigh, a famous navigator, 45.

Site of Boston’s first place of business ignored, 81.

Sixty-Ninth regiment, N. Y. City, 107.

Smerwick, a well-merited tribute, inhabitants of, 48.

Smerwick Bay, entered by aid of “a hulke of Dublin,” 48.

Smith, Gen. Samuel, U. S. Senate, 74.

Smith, Jeremiah, promoter of papermaking, 86.

Smith, Lieut.-Col. Lewis, U. S. A., died, 107.

Smith, Robert, first secretary of state and attorney-general from Maryland, an Irish-American, 74.

Soldiers, list of, 23, 24.

Somersworth High School, 121.

Somersworth, N. H., 121.

Spaniards and Indians capture Miles Philips’ whole company, 47.

Spaniards threaten invasion from the South, 51.

Spanish authorities advance with an armed party as far as St. Helena Island, but soon retreat, 52.

Springfield, Mass., 110.

Stack, Edward, Captain, certificate regarding Capt. Paul Jones, 63.

Stack, Edward, if he has served like a “gentleman and a soldier,” etc., 61.

Stack, Edward, Lieut., 60.

Stack, Edward, lieutenant, affidavit respecting escape of deserters, 61.

Stack of Crotts, captain, letter to Capt. John Paul Jones, 61.

Stack, Edward, recommended for lieutenant, 59.

Standard Oil Company, 120.

Stang, Rt. Rev. William, D. D., death of, 104.

Stang, Rt. Rev. William, obituary of, 117, 118.

Stang, Rt. Rev. William, published works of, 117, 118.

St. Anne’s Church, Cranston, R. I., 117.

St. Anthony’s Church, 118.

State Constitution of Massachusetts adopted, 93.

Statesmen, distinguished, list of, 22, 23.

St. Bridget’s Asylum Association, 125.

St. Bridget’s Asylum, Quebec, 124.

St. Dominic’s Church, Portland, 121.

St. Edward’s Church, 117.

St. Gabriel’s Church, 124.

St. John’s Church, Canton, Mass., 103.

St. Joseph’s Church, Lewiston, Me., 121.

St. Joseph’s Hospital, 118.

St. Lawrence’s Church, 118.

St. Lawrence’s presbytery, 118.

St. Mary’s Chapel, 118.

St. Mary’s Home, 118.

St. Mary’s Hospital, Rochester, Minn., 117.

St. Mary’s School Alumni Association, Salem, 113.

St. Mary’s Seminary in Baltimore, 73.

Stevenson, Dr. John, laid foundation of Baltimore’s trade, 69.

Stevenson’s work continued by the Purviances, etc., see names, 79.

Stoughton, Don Thomas, made Spanish consul at New York, 37.

St. Patrick’s Church, Lewiston, Me., 115.

St. Patrick’s Church, New York City, 76.

St. Patrick’s Church, Quebec, 125.

St. Patrick’s Day, 1737, 93.

St. Patrick’s Day celebration in Baltimore, 95.

St. Patrick’s dead, the very flower of the pioneer families who built up the Church in New York, 78.

St. Patrick’s graveyard, number of interments, 77.

St. Patrick’s Literary Institute, 124.

St. Peter’s Church in Barclay St., New York, 78.

Strawbridge, Robert, the first Methodist preacher, an Irishman, 74.

Stryker, Gen. president of Society of the Cincinnati, 42.

St. Sulpice Theological Seminary, 121.

Sullivan commemoration service, 115.

Sullivan, Dr. M. F., Library of, 112.

Sullivan, Gen. John, incident of expedition under, 39.

Sullivan, Gen. John, New Hampshire’s most distinguished Kelt, 92.

Sullivan, John B., death of, New Bedford, Mass., 104.

Sullivan, John B., obituary of, 118.

Sullivan, John B., parents of, 118.

Sullivan, John B., wives and children of, 118.

Sullivan, John, co-partner the papermaking, Dorchester, 87.

Sullivan, Maj.-Gen. John, burial place of, 115.

Sullivan, Mark E., 118.

Sullivan, Owen, sons of, 92.

Sullivan’s Island deserted to save from starvation, 51.

Sullivan, the first man in active rebellion, 36.

Sullivan, William B., reads paper, 113.

Sunday Globe, Boston, 112.

Sunday Herald, Boston, 115.

Supplies and new settlers brought by ship from Europe, 52.

Sweetman, the one Irish day-laborer, 75.

Swift, Jonathan, author of Gulliver’s Travels, 95.

Tablet in Quebec, under which “repose the remains of thirteen soldiers of General Montgomery’s army, who were killed in the assault on Quebec,” 44.

Taft, William H., Secretary, arrived from Seattle, 112, 113.

Taney, Roger Brooke, first and only chief justice of U. S. an Irish-American, 74.

Tara Hall, Quebec, 125.

Target practice, accident in, 113, 114, 115.

Tarne, Myles, a leather dresser, 90.

Taschereau, Cardinal, 122.

Taschereau, Chief Justice, 122.

Temple, Capt. Robert, with Irish Protestants, 88.

Tennessee and Kentucky riflemen, 1500 of, 97, 98.

Tenth Cavalry, 112.

Tenth Infantry, Civil War, 105.

“The American Vandyke,” 92.

The Battle of New Orleans, paper by Hon. A. L. Morrison, 97.

The Boston News-Letter, 1725, 91.

The Boston Sunday Herald, 106.

“The Boy and the Flying Squirrel,” 92.

“The Early Catholic Church in Massachusetts,” 113.

“The incivility among manie of the Irish, the Virginians,” due to ignorance, 58.

The Kelts of Colonial Boston, paper by Thomas Ackland, 80.

“The most fashionable man in New York,” 38.

“The Nehemiah Walter Elegy on Elijah Corler,” 68.

The New York Times, 106.

“These Irish families are the cream of the cream of the old families here,” 38.

The Story of the Irish in Boston, 95.

The Tyrone, Ireland, Constitution, 91.

They Fired Three Volleys, 95.

Third Artillery, 107.

Thirtieth U. S. Infantry, 115.

Thomson, Charles, second signer of Declaration of Independence, 91.

Tokio, 112.

Treaty of Ghent signed Christmas Day, 1814, 97.

Trustees, five, appointed to provide “a good and convenient location for a new graveyard” paid $37,050 to Alderman Charles Henry Hall for burial ground, 77.

“Tweed ring,” 119.

Twelfth Infantry in the Santiago campaign, 105.

Twelfth U. S. Cavalry, 112.

Twenty-seventh Inniskillen Foot, 97.

“Ulster has many Montgomerys,” 44.

Uniform dress for the navy, signers for, 64.

United Irish League, 125.

University Libraries receiving Volume VI, 164.

U. S. Department of State, 106.

U. S. Military Academy, 111.

U. S. Ship Enterprise, 119.

Valley Forge, 94.

Vaughan, Abigail, wife of Nathaniel Shannon, 101.

Vergennes, Vt., chooses mayor, 105.

Veteran Corps, N. Y. City, annual banquet, 107.

Virginia and the Carolinas, a most diversified field for historical inquiry, 45.

Virginia College established at Henrico City, 57.

“Virtually no immigration during the colonial period,” 17.

Viscount Planelagh, 43.

Volume VI of the Journal of the Society, 163.

Volume VI of the Journal, praise for, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170.

Walker, Ex-Cong. Joseph H., died, Worcester, Mass., 105.

Wallace, Rt. Rev. Mgr. Thomas H., died, 115.

Wallace, Rt. Rev. Mgr. Thomas H., obituary of, 121, 122.

Walsh, Magistrate, 108.

Walsh-Serrant, Colonel, 60.

Walsh-Serrant, Comte de, impossible to remain with Paul Jones, 62.

Walsh-Serrant, Comte de, Letter to Capt. John Paul Jones, 60.

Walsh-Serrant, Comte de, Letter to Edward Stack, 62.

Walsh’s Irish Regiment of Marine Artillery, French Army, paper by T. H. Murray, 59.

Walter, Nehemiah, article, 68.

Walter, Nehemiah, ordained colleague with John Eliot, 68.

Washington, D. C., 107, 108, 110, 111.

Washington, General, 94.

Washington, George, 37.

Washington, George, compliments Purviance, 71.

Washington, General, concerning transporting of fagots, 86.

Washington, George, selecting site for the White House, 40.

Washington summons all his officers to Newburgh, 43.

Wasp and Franklin, 103.

Waterford port established by Raleigh, 49.

Waterloo, fatal field of, 97.

Watson, Lilias, wife of Thomas Shannon, 101.

Welch, Charles A., Harvard’s oldest alumnus, died at Cohasset, Mass., 85.

Welch, John, tax-payer, 1682, 85.

Welch, John, the progenitor of a distinguished family, 85.

West, Benjamin, famous English painter, 92.

West Indies, wanderers constantly leaving for the American coast, 54.

West Point Academy, 109.

White, Capt. John, dates story of fifth voyage “from my house at Newtown, in Kilmore,” 49.

White, Capt. John, distributed potato plants to people, “the first ever seen in Europe,” 49.

White, Capt. John, of “Fourth Voyage” to Virginia, 48.

White House plan by Hoban accepted, 40.

White’s fourth expedition, names of persons landed from, in North Carolina, 50.

White Star steamer Oceanic, 120.

Wiley, Congressman of Alabama, introduced bill, 116.

Winthrop fleet, so called, brought several merchants from maritime ports of Ireland, 83.

Winthrop’s History of New England, 95.

Worcester County probate court, 107.

Worcester First Church, Thaddeus McCarthy, pastor, 90.

Worcester, Mass., 105, 121.

Wylie, Rev. Dr. David G., 108.

Yeamans, Governor, dies, 1674, 52.

Yeamans, Sir John, and civil disturbance, 50.

Yokohama, 112.

Youghal port established by Raleigh, 49.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

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