Read and listen to the book A List of Philippine Baptismal Names by .

Audiobook: A List of Philippine Baptismal Names by

The Project Gutenberg eBook of A list of Philippine Baptismal Names, by E. E. Schneider

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook.

Title: A list of Philippine Baptismal Names

Author: E. E. Schneider

Contributor: David Prescott Barrows

Release Date: April 9, 2022 [eBook #67803]

Language: English

Produced by: Jeroen Hellingman and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net/ for Project Gutenberg (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A LIST OF PHILIPPINE BAPTISMAL NAMES ***

BULLETIN No. 9, 1905

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION BUREAU OF EDUCATION

A LIST OF PHILIPPINE BAPTISMAL NAMES

MANILA BUREAU OF PUBLIC PRINTING 1905

INTRODUCTION.

The following list of Philippine baptismal names originated with Mr. E. E. Schneider, a teacher in the Bureau of Education in the division of Ambos Camarines, and was submitted to the undersigned in October of last year.

Mr. Schneider found that very great difficulty is experienced by American teachers in determining the correct spelling of the proper names of Filipino pupils enrolled in our schools. Filipino teachers also are frequently careless in this matter, and, through neglect and the absence of proper standards, the spelling of proper names in the Philippines has undergone great corruption. The necessity for such a list as this is certainly apparent to anyone who has had the task of properly enrolling pupils in a school.

Mr. Schneider’s list comprises something more than 1,400 names. They were in large part taken from the Roman Catholic calendars, but other names were added by him from school registers and other sources.

It was Mr. Schneider’s recommendation that the matter be submitted to revision here in Manila, and this task was excellently performed by Mr. Emerson Christie. Mr. Christie went through a great number of the cedula lists of Manila, examining over 25,000 names, and in this way verified and corrected many doubtful names. In making corrections of the spelling of these names as they appear on the cedula lists, Mr. Christie followed an authorized edition of the Roman Martyrology, published in Madrid in 1891. In adding written accent marks he followed the rules of the Royal Spanish Academy as set forth in its authoritative grammar in Chapter III, Part IV.

Mr. Christie desired to express his deep sense of obligation to Monsignor Fowler, Father Stanton, S. J., Father O’Connell, S. J., Father Sotero, who aided him in the work and collaborated with him; and to Mr. Ellis Cromwell, chief deputy collector of the Department of Assessments and Collections, who gave him free access to the tens of thousands of names preserved in his office.

David P. Barrows, General Superintendent of Education.

Manila, June 27, 1904.

PREFACE.

To facilitate the use of the list, the compiler begs leave to call the attention of his fellow-teachers to the following common sources of error:

(1) Confusing g, j, and h. H having in the native languages the same value as g before e and i and as j before all vowels, is frequently confused with them. (Examples: Heminiano and Jiminiano for Geminiano; Aleho for Alejo.) (2) Confusing b and p with v and f. (Bibencia for Vivencia; Pilemón for Filemón.) (3) Confusing c, s, and z, and sometimes x. (Cenón for Zenón; Cenén for Senén; Zofronio for Sofronio; Felis and Feliz for Felix; Mácsima for Máxima.) (4) Confusing e with i, and o with u. (Eusídio for Eusebio; Froctoso for Fructuoso.) (5) Omitting or inserting initial H. (Eladio for Heladio; Henrique for Enrique.) (6) Writing ll for li and ñ for ni. (Emillo for Emilio; Higiño for Higinio. Ll and ñ occur only once in the whole list, in Llorente and Iñigo.)

The above are only a few out of hundreds of examples actually found in school registers, tax and cedula lists, etc.

Referring to the written accent in such names as Damián (o) (a), it should be remembered that this disappears in the forms with vowel terminations, as in these the natural tonic accent falls on the penultimate syllable.

While the compiler hopes that the list may be of service to his colleagues in teaching their pupils what American children learn almost first of all—that is, to spell correctly their own names—he is at the same time well aware that this attempt is not complete nor absolutely correct, and he will acknowledge with sincere thanks any additions and corrections that teachers or others may be kind enough to send him.

E. E. Schneider.

San José, Camarines, P.I., October, 1903.

LIST OF PHILIPPINE BAPTISMAL NAMES.

Aarón Abdías Abdón Abercio Abraham Absalón Abundio Acacio Acario Acisclo Acucio Acudeo Adalberto Adela Adelaida Adelfo (a) Adelina Adolfo Adriano (a) Afro (a) Afrodisio (a) Agapito (a) Agatocilia Agatón (a) Agatónico (a) Agatópedes Aglae Agoardo Agrícola Agripino (a) Águedo (a) Agustín (a) Albano (a) Alberico (a) Alberto (a) Albino (a) Aldegunda Alejandro (a) Alejandrino (a) Alejo (a) Alfonso (a) Alfredo (a) Alipio (a) Almaquio (a) Alodia Alvaro (a) Amadeo (a) Amado (a) Amador Amalio (a) Amancio (a) Amando (a) Amaranto (a) Amario (a) Ambrosio (a) Amelberga Amiano (a) Amón (a) Amonaria Amós Amparo Ana Anacleto (a) Ananías Anastasio (a) Anatolio (a) Andoquio (a) Andrea Andrés Anfiloquio (a) Ángel (a) Ángeles Angélica Aniano (a) Aniceto (a) Anisio (a) Anselmo (a) Ansia Antea Antelmo (a) Antero (a) Antidio (a) Antioco (a) Antipas Antoliana Antonio (a) Antusa Anunciación Apeles Apias Apolinar (io) (ia) Apolonio (a) Aproniano (a) Áquila Aquíleo (a) Aquilino (a) Arcadio (a) Arcángel Areta Aretas Argéntea Aristarco (a) Arístides Aristón (a) Arnolfo (a) Arsenio (a) Artemio (a) Arturo (a) Ascención Astorga Asunción Atalo (a) Atanasio (a) Atenodoro (a) Atenógenes Atilano (a) Atón Augurio (a) Augusto (a) Aureo (a) Aurelio (a) Aurora Auspicio (a) Austreberta (o) Austregísilo (a) Austremonia Avelino (a) Avito (a) Azas

Balbino (a) Baldomero (a) Baltasar (a) Bárbara Barbea Barlaán Barsabas Bartolomé (ea) Barula Basíla (eo) Basiliano Basilio (a) Basiliso (a) Basso (a) Batilde Baudelio (a) Báyulo Beata (o) Beatriz Beda Bega Benedicto (a) Benigna (o) Benildes Benito Benjamín Bercario Berenguer Berenice Bernabé Bernabela Bernardino (a) Bernardo (a) Berta Bertila Bertino Bertoldo Bibiano (a) Bienvenido (a) Blanca Blanda Blandina Blas (a) Bona Bonifacio Bonosa Borromeo Braulio Briccio Brígido (a) Bruno (a) Buenaventura Burcardo

Calamanda Calinico (a) Caliopa Caliopio Calixto (a) Camilo (a) Candelaria Cándido (a) Cantalicio Cantidio Canuto (a) Capitolina Capiton Caridad Carina Carlos Carlota Carolina Carmen Carpo Casdoa Casiano Casimiro Casio Cástido Casto Castor (a) (io) Catalino (a) Cayetano (a) Cayo Ceciliano Cecilio (a) Ceferino (a) Celedonio (a) Celerino (a) Celestino (a) Celso Centola César Cesáreo (a) Cilina Cipriano (a) Cirenia Ciriaco (a) Cirilo (a) Cirion (Ciria) Ciro Citino Clarencio Clarina Claro (a) Clateo Claudiano (a) Claudio (a) Clemencia Clemente Clementino (a) Cleto (a) Climaco Clodoaldo Clotilde Codrato Cointa Coleta Colmano Colomano Columbano Columbo (a) Concepción Conceso (a) Concordio (a) Conrado Consolación Consolada Consorcia Constancio (a) Constantino Consuelo Cordula Corentino Corinto (a) Cornelio (a) Cosme Cosmedín Credula Corr. for Cordula Cremencio Crescenciano (a) Crescencio (a) Crescente Crisanto (a) Crisógono Crisólogo (a) Crisóstomo Crispín (o) (a) Crispiniano Críspulo (a) Cristeto (a) Cristiano (a) Cristino (a) Cristóbal Cuadrado Cuartilla Cucufate Cunegunda Custodio (a)

Dafrosa Dalmacio (a) Dámaso (a) Damián (o) (a) Daniel (a) Darío (a) Dativo (a) Dato David Davino Dedicacion Delfin (a) Democrito (a) Deogracias Desiderio Didimo Diego (a) Digna Diomedes Dionisio (a) Dióscoro Diosdado (a) Doda Dolores Domiciano Dominador Domingo (a) Domna Domnino (a) Domnio Donatila Donato (a) Doroteo (a) Druso Dula (s)

Ebrulfo Edgardo (a) Edilberto (a) Edilburga Ediltrudes Edita Edmundo (a) Eduardo Eduvigis Efrén Egidio Eladio (a) Corr. of Heladio (a) Elamo Eleázaro Electa Eleno (a) Elenida Eleonor Elesbaán Eleuterio (a) Elías Elifio Eligio (a) Elisa Eliseo (a) Elpidio (a) Ema (or Emma) Emelia Emeramo Emerenciana Emerico Emerida Emeterio (a) Emigdio Emilio (a) Emiliano (a) Encarnación Engracio (a) Enrique (eta) Eovaldo Epicarides Epifana Epifanía Epifanio Epimaco Epitacio (a) Erasmo (a) Erena Corr. of Herena Eriberto Corr. of Heriberto Erico Ernesto (a) Erón Corr. of Herón Eróteides Erundina Corr. of Herundina Escolástico (a) Esdras Esmaragdo Esmeraldo (a) Espectacion Barbarism for Expertación Esperanza Espiridíon Estanislao (a) Esteban (fana) Estefanio (a) Estelita Ester Estratón Euclides Eudosio (a) Eufemio (a) Eufrasio (a) Eufromiano Eufronio Eufrosina Eugeniano Eugenio (a) Eulalio (a) Eulampio (a) Eulogio (a) Eunomia Euquerio Eusebio (a) Eustacio (a) Eustaquio (a) Eustasio (a) Eustoquio (a) Eustorgio Eustosio Eustracio Eutiques Eutiquiano Eutiquio Eutropio (a) Evaldo Evaristo (a) Evelio Evodio (a) Exaltación Expectación Ezequiel Exuperio

Fabián (o) (a) Fabio Fabiola Fabriciano Facundo (a) Faina Fandila Fausto (a) Faustiniano Faustino (a) Fé Febronia Federico Feliciano (a) Felicidad Felicísimo (a) Felícitas Felícula Felino Felipe (a) Felisa Felisardo Félix Fermín (a) Fernando Ferredo Fiacrio Fidel (a) Fidencio Filemón (a) Fileto Filiberto Filomeno (a) Filón Filoteo Filotero Flaviana (o) Flavio (a) Floberto Corr. of Filoberto Flora Florencio (a) Florentino (a) Florián (o) (a) Focas Fortunato (a) Francisco (a) Fraterno Froilán (a) Fructuoso (a) Frutos Fulco Fulgencio (a) Fusca

Gabino (a) Gabriel (a) Galación Galatas Galicano Galo (a) Gamaliel Gaspar (a) Gaudencio (a) Gaudioso Gaudino Gaugerico Gedeón Gelando Gelasio Geminiano (a) Gemma Probably corr. of Emmao or Ema Genadio Genaro (a) Corr. of Jenaro (a) General Generoso (a) Genoveva Georgia Gerardo (a) Gereón Gerino Germán (o) (a) Geroncio Gerónimo Misspelling for Jeronimo Gertrudis Geruncio Gervasio (a) Getulio Gil Ginés Gisleno Glafira Glicerio (a) Glodovaldo Misspelling for Clodoaldo Goar Godolfredo Corr. of Godofrido Gonzalo Gorgonio (a) Graciano (a) Gracio (a) Grato (a) Gregorio (a) Gudelia Guido Guillermo (a) Gumersindo Gundenes Gundula Erroneous dim. of Gundenes Guniforte Gurias

Heladio (a) Heliades Heliodoro Heraclio Heradio (a) Herculano Herena Herenia Heriberto (a) Hermas Hermenegildo (a) Herminia Hermógenes (ena) Herón Herundina Hieroteo Higinio (a) Higino (a) Corr. of the preceding Hilario (a) (on) Hilaro Hiltrudes Hipado (a) Hipólito Honesto Honorato (a) Honorio (a) Hortensio (a) Hospicio (a) Hugo

Ida Ifigenia Igmedio Corr. of Emigdio Ignacio (a) Ildefonso (a) Iluminado (a) Indalecio Indés Inés Inocencio (a) Inocente Inocentes Iñigo Iradia Corr. of Iraides Irene (eo) (ea) Irmina Isaac Isabel Isabelo Isabino Isacio Isaías Isidoro (a) Isidro (a) Ismael Ivon

Jacinto (a) Jacob (o) (a) Jaime Jantipa Januario (a) Jasón Javier Jenaro Jeremías Jerónimo Jesús (sa) Joaquín (a) Job Joel Jonás Jorge (ea) José (fa) (fina) Josué Jovito (a) Juan (a) Judas Julio (a) Julián (a) Julita Justiniano (a) Justino (a) Justo (a) Juvencio

Ladislao Lamberto Largo Laurencio (a) Laurentino Lauriano (a) Lauro (a) Lázaro Leandro Leacadio (a) Leodegario León (a) Leonardo (a) Leoncio (a) Leonides Leonila Leonor (or a) Leopardo Leopoldo Leovigildo Leto Liberato (a) Liberio Liborio Librada Licerio Licirio Lidia Barbarism for Lydia Ligorio Lino (a) Lioba Llorente Longinos Lope Lopez Lorenzo (a) Loreto Lourdes Lucas Lucía Luciano Lucila Lucina Lucio Lucrecio (a) Ludovico Luís (a) Lupcino Lupencio Misspelling of Lupcino Luperio Lupo Lutgardes Lutgardo Luz Lydia

Macario (a) Macedon Macedonio Macra Macrina Macrobio Madrona Misspelling of Matrona Magdalena Magín (a) Magnerico Magno (a) Malaquías Mamerto (a) Mameto Corr. of Mamerto Mamiliano Manuel (a) Maranto Corr. of Amaranto Marceliano Marcelino (a) Marcelo (a) Marcia Marcial Marciano (a) Marcos (a) Mardonio Margarita María Mariano (a) Marino (a) Mario Marón Marta Martín (a) Martiniano (a) Martirio Mateo (ea) (ías) Materno Matilde Matrona Mauro (a) Mauricio (a) Maximiano (a) Maximiliano (a) Maximino (a) Maximo (a) Medardo Melanio (a) Melchor (a) Melecio (a) Melitina Melito Melquiades Menas (eo) Merced Mercedes Mercurio (a) Metodio Micaela Miguel (a) Mirón Miropo Modesto (a) Moisés (etes) Mónico (a) Monitor Montano Mucio Mustióla

Nabor Narciso (a) Natalio (a) Natividad Naulina Naval Nazario (a) Nemesio Nemorio Neomisia Neón Nereo Nestor Nestorio Nicandro Nicanor (a) Nicasio (a) Nicéforo Niceta Nicetas Nicodemos Nicolás (a) Nicomedes Nieves Nilo Nimia Nono (a) Nonita Dim. of above Norberto Novato Numeriano Nunilón

Obdulia Octaviano Octavio (a) Odón Olavo Olegario Olimpio (a) Oliva Onésimo Onofre Optaciano Orestes Oscar Osmundo Osorio Ostiano Otilia

Pablo Paciano Paciencia Paciente Pacifico Pacita Dim. of Paz Pafnucio Paladio (a) Palemón Pancracio Pánfilo Pantaleón (a) Parmenas Parmenio Pascasio Pascual (a) Pastor (a) Patermucio Paterno Patricio (a) Patrocinio Patronio Misspelling of Petronio Paulo (a) Paulino (a) Páz Pedro Pelagio (a) Pelayo Pelegrín (a) Pelensio Peleo Pentecostes Perfecto (a) Peregrino Perpetuo (a) Perseveranda Petra Petrona Petronilo (a) Petronio Piencia Pilar Pío (a) Plácido (a) Platón Plautila Policarpo (a) Policronio Polixena Pompeyo Pomposa Ponciano (a) Poncio Porcario Porfirio (a) Potamiena Potamio (a) (ón) Potenciano (a) Pragmático Práxedes Praxidio Barbarism for Presidio Precioso (a) Presentación Presidio Primitivo (a) Primo Prisco (a) Priscila Privado Probo Proceso (a) Procopio Próculo Próspero Protasio Proto Prudenciana Prudencio (a) Publio (a) Pulqueria Pura Purificación Purísimo (a)

Queremón Querubín Quiliano Quinciano Quintila Quintile Quintín (a) (o) Quiriaco Quirico Quirino Quiterio (a)

Radegunda Rafael (a) Raimundo (a) Rainaldo Rainelda Rainerio Ramiro Ramon (a) Ranulfo Raquel Redempta Regino (a) Remedío Remedios Remigio (a) Reparata Reparaz Resada Respicio Restituto (a) Resurrección Ricardo (a) Ricario Rigoberto Rita Rizal Roberto Rodrigo (a) Rodulfo Rogaciano Rogelio (a) Roman (a) (o) Romarico Romualdo (a) Rómulo (a) Roque Rosa Rosalío (a) Rosario Rosauro (a) Rosela Barbarism for Rósula Rosendo (a) Roseta Rósula Rufino (a) Rufo (a) Ruperto (a) Rústico (a)

Sabas Sabel Sabiniano Sabino (a) Sadot Sagar Salaberga Salomé (ca) (ón) Salud Salustia Salustiano Salvador Salvino Salvio Samonas Samuel Sancho (a) Sándalo Santiago Santos Saturnino (a) Saturo Saula Savino (a) Sebastia (án) (a) Sacundiano Secundila Secundino (a) Segismundo Segundina (o) Segundo (a) Semproniana Senén Sefarín (a) Serapia (o) (ón) Sereno (a) Sergio (a) Servando Servideo Serviliano Servo Servulo Severiano (a) Severino (a) Sexto Siervo Better spelling, Servo Silvano Silverio (a) Silvestro (a) Silvino (a) Silvio (a) Símaco Simeón (a) Simón (a) Simplicio (a) Sinforoso (a) Sinesio Síntica Better spelling, Sintiques Sintiques Siricio Siro Sisenando Sixto (a) Socolano Barbarism for Solocano Socorro Sofía Sofronio (a) Solócano Sotero (a) Sulpicio (Surano) Susana

Taciano (a) Tadeo Tais Tarbula Tarcila Taurino Tea Tecla Telesforo (a) Temístocles Teodardo Teodorico (a) Teodoro (a) Teodosio (a) Teodoto (a) Teodulfo Teodulo Teófilo (a) Teopisto (es) Teótimo Terenciano Tereso (a) Tiburcio (a) Timolao Timoteo (a) Tirso Tito Tobías Tolomeo Tomás (a) Torcuato (a) Toribio (a) Torpetes Tranquilino (a) Trasón Trifón (a) (ia) Trifosa Trinidad Troadio Troyano Turiano (a)

Ubaldo (a) Uldarico Ulpiano Ulrica Urbano (a) Ursino Urso Úrsula Urselino (a)

Valencio Valente Valentín (a) Valeriano (a) Valerio (a) Vasco Vedasto Venancio (a) Venerando (a) Ventura Verecundo Verena Verónica Vérulo Vicente (a) Víctor Victoriano (a) Victorio (a) Victorino (a) Victuro Vidal Vigilio (a) Virgilio Virginia Visitación Vitaliano Vitalico Vito Viviano (a) Vivencio (a) Vivina Voto Vulpiano

Walfrido Wenceslao Wilibrordo Wiro Wistremundo

Zacharías Zenaides Zenas Zenobio (a) Zenón (a) Zoa Zoe Zoelo Zoilo (a) Zósimo (a) Zotico

*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A LIST OF PHILIPPINE BAPTISMAL NAMES ***

Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research. Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given away--you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution.

START: FULL LICENSE

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project Gutenberg-tm License available with this file or online at www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works

1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property (trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.

1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the United States and you are located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any country other than the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed:

1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project Gutenberg-tm License.

1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm website (www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided that:

* You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."

* You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg-tm works.

* You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of receipt of the work.

* You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain "Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further opportunities to fix the problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.

1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm

Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org

Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation

The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit 501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.

The Foundation's business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up to date contact information can be found at the Foundation's website and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact

Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation

Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the widest array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate

Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works

Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and distributed Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.

Most people start at our website which has the main PG search facility: www.gutenberg.org

This website includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.